Sri Lankan cleft lip and palate study model analysis: clefts of the secondary palate

The study models of a group of adult Sri Lankan patients with clefts of the secondary palate were investigated. Tooth-size and arch-dimension comparisons were made with a comparable control group. Significant differences were found between the cleft and control groups in tooth sizes, chord lengths, and arch widths. The cleft group dimensions were generally smaller than those of the control group. Overjets were larger in the cleft group.

Anomalies associated with hypodontia of the permanent lateral incisor and second premolar

Apart from the molars the most commonly congenitally absent tooth is the second premolar followed by the permanent lateral incisor. From a total of 5127 patients, congenital absence of the permanent lateral incisor occurred with a frequency of 2.2 per cent and absence of the second premolar with a frequency of 3.4 per cent. In association with hypodontia of these teeth other dental anomalies were observed. Absence of other teeth was observed as the most likely associated dental anomaly. Other anomalies recorded included disturbances in spacing of the dentition, and problems associated with tooth eruption and exfoliation.

A six-center international study of treatment outcome in patients with clefts of the lip and palate: Part 3. Dental arch relationships

One hundred and forty-nine dental casts of subjects with complete unilateral clefts of the lip and palate from six European cleft palate centers were assessed by means of the Goslon Yardstick. The Yardstick proved capable of discriminating between the quality of the dental arch relationships between the six centers. Two centers showed especially poor results. Three centers obtained satisfactory results although differing surgical techniques were used in these centers. One of the centers showing satisfactory dental arch relationships employed a more complex and expensive treatment program than the other two centers, which both used simpler centralized treatment regimens.

The Dynamic Dento-palatography System: a new approach for evaluating speech

The assessment of speech in patients with craniofacial anomalies is important to develop appropriate treatment strategies to optimize this aspect of oropharyngeal function. The Dynamic Dento-palatography System which uses multi-electrode array sensors to detect tongue position during articulation is described. Three levels of the speech chain, articulatory, auditory and acoustic, may be analysed in an integrated fashion using this instrument; preliminary results are described. These studies suggest that the quality of speech sounds such as 's' and 't' improve post-operatively.

[A comparative evaluation of the methods for treating dental arch anomalies in 7- to 9-year-old children during dispensary care]

Analysis of the results of treatment of 1890 young children, carried out in the course of regular prophylactic check-ups, has shown that comprehensive treatment of dentition abnormalities is effective in 85.3% of cases. Both traditional and new designs of removable orthodontic apparatuses, developed by O. M. Basharova were employed. The new design is characterized by functional mechanical action and by the presence of a system of springy planes. Such apparatuses are highly effective and help essentially cut down the treatment periods.

Treatment and retention of a mandibular arch telescoped within the maxillary arch: case report

A patient in the early mixed dentition was experiencing "difficulty in eating." The right mandibular posterior teeth were telescoped within the maxillary arch. The mandibular midline deviated to the left of the maxillary midline. With the midlines aligned, posterior occlusion was minimal. By activating a lingual arch, the mandibular arch width was increased to establish a posterior occlusion. Also, the lingual arch was used as a retainer. The posterior occlusion remained stable throughout the mixed dentition. An unexpected second phase of treatment was indicated in the permanent dentition because the maxillary right first and second premolars and the maxillary right second molar were completely buccal to the mandibular teeth. Successful treatment was accomplished in spite of broken appliances and noncompliance.

[Clinical manifestations and treatment of vertical deformities of the dental arches and bite in adults]

Clinical manifestations and management of vertical deformation of the dentitions and occlusion were studied in 75 adult patients. Basing on the clinical picture of the condition, 3 forms and 4 degrees are distinguished. The treatment of the condition is multiple-modality with due consideration for the form and severity of the deformation.

Maxillofacial osteotomies for patients with cleft lip and palate

A variety of dental malocclusions may be found in the patient with cleft lip and palate. These range from trivial dental rotation to major dentoskeletal disharmonies. Some of these deformities are intrinsic to the cleft malformation whereas others are secondary deformations resultant from specific management options taken in childhood. In most cases, a combination of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery is necessary to correct the deformity, that is, normalize the dentition, the facial skeleton, and the facial appearance. The timing of intervention, dependent upon the specific problem, is chosen to minimize negative secondary effects. Stability of mobilized and repositioned maxillary segments remains a problem in spite of the use of rigid internal fixation miniplates. The role of bone grafting when miniplates are used is unclear. While it is clear that movement of the maxilla, segmentally or in toto, can correct major dentoskeletal deformities in cleft patients, much remains to be learned regarding the best means of executing such operations.

Open bite with deformity of the upper dental arch. A case report

Repeated surgical and orthodontic correction of open bite associated with a substantial narrowing of the upper dental arch has been reported. Followup examination 4 years after the operation confirmed the success of the treatment.

Treatment of maxillary arch collapse in an adult cleft palate patient: report of case

The combined orthodontic, orthognathic surgical, and prosthodontic reconstruction of the previously treated bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate of a 20-year-old white man is reviewed. Maxillary arch collapse and severe malocclusion occurred after palatal closure in early childhood with alveolar bone grafting and premaxillectomy. A modified Le Fort I osteotomy, using a jackscrew with a modified posterior hinge, was employed to achieve rapid palatal expansion. In addition, mandibular subapical osteotomy was performed, in conjunction with postoperative orthodontic realignment. Fixed prosthodontic restorations were then used to achieve stability and a more esthetic appearance.

Kinky hair disease. Report of a case

A confirmed case of kinky hair disease is described. Findings include a defect in copper metabolism, peculiar facies, retrognathia, skeletal open-bite, generalized gingival enlargement, and skeletal radiographic abnormalities.

[Orthodontic studies in children with stunted growth]

Biometrical studies on a group of 43 children with stunted growth showed that stunted growth is associated with smaller dimensions of the upper dental arch. The lower dental arch is not involved. The relationship between the variations in the characteristics under examination are explained with the aid of three basic factors of growth which had been established mathematically. The crown diameters of the permanent teeth are not smaller as in children with normal growth.

Correction of mandibular dentoalveolar retrusion by anterior segmental advancement

Mandibular anterior segmental advancement offers an alternative mode of management for certain patients with Class II dentoalveolar malocclusion. The procedure is ideally indicted in paradoxical occlusal situations wherein Class II malocclusion is associated with a prognathic profile or when total body advancement would produce an unacceptable occlusion or profile. Arch expansion and augmentation genioplasty may be achieved by tailoring the surgical approach. Complications were minimal in the cases presented. Since arch lengthening results, the potential food table is increased, necessitating either fixed or removeable prosthetic care.