751
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Nakanishi S, Taii S, Hirata Y, Matsukura S, Imura H. A large product of cell-free translation of messenger RNA coding for corticotropin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1976; 73:4319-23. [PMID: 188032 PMCID: PMC431443 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.73.12.4319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyadenylate-containing RNA prepared from the membrane fraction of bovine anterior pituitary gland was shown to direct the synthesis of a large translation product related to corticotropin (adrenocorticotropic hormone) in a cell-free system derived from wheat germ. This product was identified by immunoprecipitation with specific antibody against corticotropin, followed by electrophoretic analysis of the dissociated immunoprecipitate on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel. Further evidence for the identity of the translation product was provided by the presence of a common peptide in the chymotryptic digest of [35S]methionine-labeled cell-free product and in that of authentic corticotropin. The molecular weight of the translation product was estimated to be approximately 35,000, based on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These results indicate that corticotropin messenger RNA directs the cell-free synthesis of a product that contains the amino acid sequence of corticotropin but is much larger than this hormone.
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752
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Sone S, Kotake T, Higashihara T, Morimoto S, Nakanishi S. [Plain radiographic and tomographic analysis of early cancer of the pulmonary hilum (1)]. RINSHO HOSHASEN. CLINICAL RADIOGRAPHY 1976; 21:949-60. [PMID: 1034064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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753
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Nakanishi S, Tanabe T, Horikawa S, Numa S. Dietary and hormonal regulation of the content of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase-synthesizing polysomes in rat liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1976; 73:2304-7. [PMID: 7784 PMCID: PMC430540 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.73.7.2304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific polysomes involved the the synthesis of acetyl-CoA carboxylase [acetyl-CoA: carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.4.1.2] have been identified by the binding of 125I-labeled antiacetyl-CoA carboxylase to rat liver polysomes. The binding is highly specific and occurs through the recognition of the nascent peptide chains on polysomes. With the use of the 125I-labeled antibody binding technique, it has been demonstrated that the relative content of acetyl-CoA carboxylase-synthesizing polysomes in the liver correlates well with the rate of hepatic synthesis of the enzyme in rats subjected to different dietary conditions as well as in alloxan-diabetic rats with or without insulin treatment.
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754
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Tanabe T, Horikawa S, Nakanishi S, Numa S. Increase in acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase-synthesizing polysomes in the livers of genetically obese mice. FEBS Lett 1976; 66:70-2. [PMID: 6338 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(76)80587-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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755
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Nakanishi S, Adhya S, Gottesman M, Pastan I. Selective effects of MgCl2 and temperature on the initiation of transcription at lac, gal, and lambda promoters. J Biol Chem 1975; 250:8202-8. [PMID: 170282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the effect of Mg2+ on the formation of transcription preinitiation complexes (open complexes) at two adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP)-cyclic AMP receptor protein (CRP)-dependent promoters (lac and gal) and two phage lambda promoters, PL and PR. Mg2+ strongly interferes with open complex formation at the lac and gal promoters, partially inhibits the lambda PR promoter, and is without effect on the lambda PL promoter. Mutations in the lac and gal promoters can affect the response of the promoter to Mg2+. Cyclic AMP and CRP specifically reduce the inhibition of the lac and gal promoters by Mg2+. These factors also affect open complexes at lac and gal by (a) increasing the rate at which they are formed and (b) lowering the midpoint of the temperature transition curve for their formation by about 10 degrees. Open complexes at the lac promoter are more unstable to cooling, even in the presence of CRP and cyclic AMP, than open complexes at lambda promoters. Our studies suggest that the DNA of the lac and gal promoter regions is more resistant to denaturation than the DNA of phage promoter regions. Cyclic AMP and CRP act to decrease this stability, stimulating open complex formation under conditions unfavorable for DNA melting, e.g. low temperature and high Mg2+ concentrations.
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756
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Nakanishi S, Adhya S, Gottesman M, Pastan I. Selective effects of MgCl2 and temperature on the initiation of transcription at lac, gal, and lambda promoters. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)40835-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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757
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Nakanishi S, Shiohara E, Tsukada M, Kinoshita G. Activities of hepatic microsomal electron transport system in prolonged ethanol-treated rats. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 1975; 25:71-3. [PMID: 807766 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.25.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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758
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Takatsuka Y, Ueno Y, Shibata Y, Arai K, Nakanishi S. [Nitroblue tetrazolium test as a leukocyte function test]. RINSHO BYORI. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 1974; 22:270. [PMID: 4475862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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759
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Nakanishi S, Adhya S, Gottesman M, Pastan I. Effects of dimethylsulfoxide on the E. coli gal operon and on bacteriophage lambda in vivo. Cell 1974; 3:39-46. [PMID: 4369966 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(74)90035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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760
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Nakanishi S, Adhya S, Gottesman M, Pastan I. Activation of transcription at specific promoters by glycerol. J Biol Chem 1974; 249:4050-6. [PMID: 4368372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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761
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Nakanishi S, Adhya S, Gottesman M, Pastan I. Studies on the mechanism of action of the gal repressor. J Biol Chem 1973; 248:5937-42. [PMID: 4353625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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762
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Konoshita G, Shioara E, Tsukada M, Nakanishi S. Studies on phospholipids composition of hepatic microsomes from prolonged ethanol-treated rats. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 1973; 23:578-80. [PMID: 4543255 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.23.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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763
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Nakanishi S, Adhya S, Gottesman ME, Pastan I. In vitro repression of the transcription of gas operon by purified gal repressor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1973; 70:334-8. [PMID: 4346883 PMCID: PMC433252 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.70.2.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We have studied the in vitro repression of gal mRNA synthesis by the gal repressor from Escherichia coli. By use of a four-step purification procedure involving chromatography on phosphocellulose, DEAE-cellulose, and an affinity resin, the gal repressor has been purified about 1600-fold from a crude cell extract. The purification was aided by use of a cell extract made after prophage induction of cells lysogenic for bacteriophage lambda that carries the gal repressor gene (galR). The highly purified gal repressor is an effective and specific repressor of in vitro synthesis of gal mRNA with lambda gal DNA as template. Both D-fucose and D-galactose overcome the action of gal repressor; the half-maximal concentrations of D-fucose and D-galactose for overcoming the action of repressor are 1 mM and 0.5 mM, respectively. The repressor fails to repress gal-specific transcription when the gal DNA contains a cis-dominant operator constitutive (O(c)) mutation. We conclude that the gal repressor recognizes the gal operator site and acts by preventing gal transcription.
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764
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Nakanishi S, Kinoshita G, Shioara E, Tsukada M. Metabolism of drugs by subfractions of hepatic microsomes from prolonged ethanol-treated rats. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 1972; 22:809-15. [PMID: 4541486 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.22.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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765
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Numa S, Hashimoto T, Nakanishi S. Regulatory mechanisms for liver acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase. Biochem J 1972; 128:2P. [PMID: 5085580 PMCID: PMC1173590 DOI: 10.1042/bj1280002p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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766
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Kinoshita G, Shioara E, Tsukada M, Masumura R, Nakanishi S. Effect of acetaldehyde on P-hydroxylation of aniline by aniline hydroxylase. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 1972; 22:267-9. [PMID: 4538419 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.22.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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767
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Nakanishi S, Shioara E, Tsukada M, Kinoshita G. Effect of type I compounds on P-hydroxylation of aniline in vitro. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 1972; 22:221-5. [PMID: 4538413 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.22.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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768
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Kato K, Ishida M, Azuma Y, Nakanishi S. [Effect of isoxsuprine HCl on the mechanism of relaxation of the uterine muscle]. NIHON SANKA FUJINKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 1971; 23:825-30. [PMID: 4256129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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769
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Nakanishi S, Numa S. Synthesis and degradation of liver acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase in genetically obese mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1971; 68:2288-92. [PMID: 5002432 PMCID: PMC389402 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.68.9.2288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The total cytosol activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (acetyl-CoA:CO(2) ligase (ADP), EC 6.4.1.2) in the liver is known to be 6- to 10-fold higher in genetically obese hyperglycemic mice (C57BL/6J-ob) than in nonobese mice. The results of immunochemical titrations, Ouchterlony double-diffusion analysis, and kinetic and heat inactivation studies indicated that this rise in the level of carboxylase activity in liver extracts from obese mice was ascribed to an increase in the quantity of the enzyme protein, which was indistinguishable from that derived from nonobese mice. Combined immunochemical and isotopic techniques showed that the rate of synthesis of the carboxylase per liver was 7.7-fold higher in obese than in nonobese mice. The rate of degradation of the carboxylase was found to be 1.7-fold lower in obese than in nonobese mice, the half-life being 115 and 67 hr, respectively. These results indicate that the increase in the acetyl-CoA carboxylase content of the liver in obese mice is due mainly to a rise in the rate of enzyme synthesis, and in a minor degree, to a decrease in the rate of enzyme degradation.
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770
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Takahara K, Nakanishi S, Natelson S. Studies on the reductive cleavage of canavanine and canavaninosuccinic acid. Arch Biochem Biophys 1971; 145:85-95. [PMID: 5001232 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(71)90013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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771
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Nakanishi S, Masamura E, Tsukada M, Matsumura R. Kinetic studies for aniline hydroxylase after prolonged ethanol treatment. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 1971; 21:303-9. [PMID: 5314721 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.21.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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772
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Numa S, Nakanishi S, Hashimoto T, Iritani N, Okazaki T. Role of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase in the control of fatty acid synthesis. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 1971; 28:213-43. [PMID: 5003928 DOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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773
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Ito K, Nakanishi S, Terada M, Tatibana M. Control of pyrimidine biosynthesis in mammalian tissues. II. Glutamine-utilizing carbamoyl phosphate synthetase of various experimental tumors: distribution, purification and characterization. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 220:477-90. [PMID: 5532891 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(70)90279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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774
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Nakanishi S. [Effect of sex steroid hormones on myosin B of the uterine muscle and interaction of myosin and actin]. NIHON SANKA FUJINKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 1970; 22:1235-43. [PMID: 4249767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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775
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Nakanishi S, Numa S. Purification of rat liver acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase and immunochemical studies on its synthesis and degradation. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1970; 16:161-73. [PMID: 4989552 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1970.tb01068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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