876
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Kawauchi M, Nakajima J, Takeda M, Ono M, Endoh M, Lee MC, Oka T, Takamoto S. Discordant xenoheart transplantation with perfluorotributylamine/pluronic F-68 stem emulsion. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3831-2. [PMID: 9838676 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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877
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Takeda M, Kawauchi M, Nakajima J, Takamoto S. Immunologic factors contributing to acute rejection in lungs xenotransplanted between primates. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3813-4. [PMID: 9838670 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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878
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Endoh M, Kawauchi M, Oka T, Nakajima J, Takeda M, Ono M, Ming-Chung L, Takamoto S. Significance of eosinophil infiltration in cardiac rejection. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3350. [PMID: 9838478 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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879
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Iwai M, Kitagawa Y, Nakajima T, Takeda M, Okanoue T, Nakajima T, Ogasawara T, Suyama Y, Miyoshi M, Kashima K. Clinical features, image analysis, and laparoscopic and histological liver findings in Budd-Chiari syndrome. HEPATO-GASTROENTEROLOGY 1998; 45:2359-68. [PMID: 9951924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Clinical manifestations and histological features of the liver in Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS), with or without idiopathic membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava (MOVC), vary according to whether BCS is acute, subacute or chronic. We clarified the diagnostic features in 6 patients with MOVC and in 1 without MOVC. METHODOLOGY Five patients with subacute or chronic type BCS with MOVC complaining of epigastric pain, hematemesis and encephalopathy, and signs of portal hypertension or collateral circulation were seen. There was 1 asymptomatic patient with MOVC. One patient with acute type BCS without MOVC revealed hepatic and multi-organ failure. Liver function tests in BCS with MOVC were similar to those in liver cirrhosis, and laboratory data in acute type without MOVC were quite the same as those seen in fulminant hepatitis. Non-invasive image analysis by US, CT and MRI showed thrombi and obstruction of the IVC, and extrahepatic vasculature or communication between hepatic veins and IVC. Vena cavography showed the length of obstruction in IVC and collateral circulation in the extrahepatic or intrahepatic veins. Liver biopsy demonstrated massive hemorrhagic necrosis in acute type without MOVC, and laparoscopy with liver biopsy in asymptomatic, subacute and chronic type with MOVC showed subcapsular hemorrhage, congestion, fibrosis, and cirrhotic features. CONCLUSIONS The non-invasive image analysis was complementary to vena cavography, and liver biopsy with or without laparoscopy was essential not only for diagnosis of acute, subacute, and chronic BCS, but also for therapeutic decision-making.
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880
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Hida H, Takeda M, Soliven B. Ceramide inhibits inwardly rectifying K+ currents via a Ras- and Raf-1-dependent pathway in cultured oligodendrocytes. J Neurosci 1998; 18:8712-9. [PMID: 9786978 PMCID: PMC6793552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramide is a lipid mediator implicated in apoptosis induced by proinflammatory cytokines in many cell types, including oligodendrocytes (OLGs). To determine whether ceramide modulates transmembrane signaling events in OLGs, we studied its effect on intracellular Ca2+ (Cai), resting membrane potential and inwardly rectifying K+ currents (IKir) in cultured neonatal rat OLGs. We report here that (1) exposure to C2-ceramide (cer) rarely increases OLG Cai, whereas sphingosine elicits sustained increase in Cai; (2) cer causes OLG depolarization, an effect mimicked by sphingosine-1-phosphate but not by sphingosine; and (3) cer, but not its inactive analog dihydroceramide, inhibits OLG IKir. The cer effect is attenuated by Ras antibody Y13-259, by protein kinase C inhibitory peptide (19-36), and by suppression of c-Raf-1 expression with antisense raf-1 oligonucleotides. We conclude that cer-induced OLG depolarization is mediated via inhibition of IKir by a Ras- and raf-1-dependent pathway, which results in the phosphorylation of the inward rectifier K+ channel protein.
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881
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Nakajima J, Ono M, Kobayashi J, Takeda M, Kawauchi M, Takamoto S, Takizawa H. Effect of cryopreservation on the allogenicity of an airway epithelial cell line. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3366-7. [PMID: 9838484 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01063-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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882
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Takeda M, Kato A, Kobune F, Sakata H, Li Y, Shioda T, Sakai Y, Asakawa M, Nagai Y. Measles virus attenuation associated with transcriptional impediment and a few amino acid changes in the polymerase and accessory proteins. J Virol 1998; 72:8690-6. [PMID: 9765410 PMCID: PMC110282 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.72.11.8690-8696.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Measles virus (MV) isolated in B95a cells, a marmoset B-cell line, retains full pathogenicity for cynomolgus monkeys, while its derivative obtained by adaptation to the growth in Vero cells, a monkey kidney cell line, loses the pathogenic potential (F. Kobune, H. Sakata, and A. Sugiura, J. Virol. 64:700-705, 1990). Here, we show with a pair of strains, a fresh isolate (9301B) in B95a cells and its Vero cell-adapted form (9301V), that the in vivo attenuation parallels the decrease of replication and syncytium-inducing capabilities in the original B95a cells and that these in vitro phenotypes are attributable to impediment of transcription, which is already obvious at the level of primary transcription catalyzed by the virion-associated RNA polymerase. On the other hand, cell fusion assays detected no functional difference between the glycoproteins of the two viruses. Essentially the same transcriptional impediment with reduced syncytium induction following Vero cell adaptation was found with two other pairs of strains that had been similarly prepared. Nucleotide sequence comparison between the 9301B and 9301V viruses revealed that a few (at most five) amino acid changes, which sporadically took place in the polymerase (L and P proteins) and/or accessory V and C proteins, were responsible for the in vitro and in vivo attenuation through adaptation to growth in Vero cells.
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883
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Kuzume M, Yamaguchi M, Matsumoto T, Matsumiya A, Shimura H, Nakano H, Kumada K, Takeda M. Insulin gene transfer can be a new optional therapy for replacement of pancreas. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3416. [PMID: 9838505 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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884
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Suwa M, Hatano A, Kurumada S, Imai T, Katayama Y, Takashima A, Takeda M, Takahashi K. Two cases of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia after radical cystectomy. J Urol 1998; 160:1799-800. [PMID: 9783958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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885
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Nishimura T, Takeda M, Shinosaki K, Nishikawa T, Nakamura Y, Yoshida Y, Sasaki H, Arai H, Hirai S, Shouji M, Isse K, Tanaka K, Hamamoto M, Yamamoto H, Matsubayashi T, Nakashima K, Urakami K, Adachi Y, Nakamura S, Toji H, Yoshida H. Basic and clinical studies on ApoE gene typing by line probe assay (LiPA) as a biological marker for Alzheimer's disease and related disorders: multicenter study in Japan. METHODS AND FINDINGS IN EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 1998; 20:793-9. [PMID: 10022033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental reagent capability and clinical significance of ApoE gene typing has been investigated. The result of each test shows that the reagent capability satisfied the expected standard. Four-hundred thirty-nine samples classified into three groups (Alzheimer's disease (AD), other types of dementia and nondementia) were measured to examine the clinical significance. The rate of epsilon 4 genotype of each group was 31.5%, 14.6%, 10.4%, respectively. The AD group had a higher rate than the other groups (p < 0.001). The measurement of ApoE genotype is suggested to be useful as one of the guidelines in the diagnosis of AD.
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886
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Nakajima J, Ono M, Kobayashi J, Ming-Chung L, Takeda M, Kawauchi M, Takamoto S, Takizawa H. Viability and allogenicity of airway epithelial cells after cryopreservation. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3395-6. [PMID: 9838496 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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887
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Asanuma H, Nakai H, Takeda M, Shishido S, Kawamura T, Nagakura K, Yamafuji M. [Clinical study on cystinuria in children--the stone management and the prevention of calculi recurrence]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1998; 89:758-65. [PMID: 9796255 DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.89.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystinuria is an autosomal recessive disorder, and primary manifestation is the repeated formation of cystine calculi. Little information is available regarding clinical course of pediatric cystinuria having followed into adulthood. We report our experience with the management and the clinical course on cystinuria in children, who have been followed up for relatively long time. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of all pediatric patients with cystinuria in whom urolithiasis was treated from 1970 to 1996. RESULTS A total of 15 pediatric patients with cystine calculi (9 boys, 6 girls) were treated in our hospital. Average age at diagnosis was 3 years 4 months old. Mean follow-up was 104 months. Stone location was upper urinary tract in 11 cases, bladder in 3 cases and both upper urinary tract and bladder in 1 case. Medical treatments including hydration, urine alkalization and dissolution therapy were performed in all patients. In three cases whose urinary cystine level ranged from 138 to 326 mg/gCr, cystine calculi were disappeared by medical therapy alone. In one of 3 cases vesicoureteral reflux was identified. Side effects were noticed in 30.0% of patients with tiopronin and in 85.7% of those with D-penicillamine, especially in 1 case with tiopronin nephrotic syndrome being noticed. Surgical procedures were performed in 13 patients (lithotomy: 17 calculi, endourology: 7 calculi and ESWL: 7 calculi). The stone free rate was 100% with lithotomy, 80 to 100% with endourology and 43% with ESWL at an average of 5.9 procedures. No complications were recognized after the surgical treatments. The stone events of 15 patients ranged from 0 to 1.5 (average 0.55). In all six patients followed up over the age of 20 years, stone recurrences were observed exclusively between 17 and 20 years of age. CONCLUSION Dissolution therapy is more effective for cystinuric patients in whom urinary cystine excretion is less than 330 mg/gCr. For those cases with low urinary cystine level it is necessary to evaluate structural abnormalities of the urinary tract to avoid stone recurrence. ESWL and endourology should be tried for pediatric cystinuria except for neonates and infants, considering its safety. The patients and their parents must have adequate knowledge about the disease itself and its management. Prevention of cystine calculi recurrences depends on patient compliance to the therapeutic regimens necessitating close follow up according to the clinical conditions, especially for those in pubertic or postpubertic age.
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888
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Takeda M, Tanimoto T, Ojima K, Matsumoto S. Suppressive effect of vagal afferents on the activity of the trigeminal spinal neurons related to the jaw-opening reflex in rats: involvement of the endogenous opioid system. Brain Res Bull 1998; 47:49-56. [PMID: 9766389 DOI: 10.1016/s0361-9230(98)00059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to test the hypothesis that via the endogenous pain control system, vagal afferent input modulates the activity of the trigeminal spinal nucleus oralis (TSNO) related to the tooth pulp (TP)-evoked jaw-opening reflex (JOR). Extracellular single-unit recordings were made from 36 TSNO units responding to TP electrical stimulation with a constant temporal relationship to a digastric electromyogram (dEMG) signal in 26 pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. The activity of 36 TSNO neurons and the amplitude of the dEMG increased proportionally during 1.0-3.5 times the threshold for JOR. Some of these neurons (4 out of 5) were also excited by chemical stimulation (bradykinin, 1-2 microl, 1 mM) of TP. In 31 out of 36 TSNO neurons (86%), their activities during tooth pulp stimulation were suppressed by conditioning stimulation of the right vagus nerve. The suppressive effect of vagal afferent stimulation occurred at conditioning-test intervals of 20-150 ms after the onset of the stimulation, and its maximal suppressive effect occurred at approximately 50 ms. The mean time course of this suppressive effect paralleled that of the dEMG. After administration of naloxone (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, i.v.), an opiate receptor blocker, the suppressive effect on the activity of TSNO neurons (6 out of 8) was significantly attenuated at the conditioning-test interval of 50 ms compared to the control (p < 0.01). These results suggested that vagal afferent input inhibits nociceptive transmission in the TSNO related to TP-evoked JOR and this inhibitory effect may occur via the endogenous opioid system in rats.
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889
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Hirota N, Matsumoto K, Iida M, Sakagami H, Takeda M. Expression of somatostatin messenger RNA and receptor in cultured brain tumor cells. Anticancer Res 1998; 18:3295-7. [PMID: 9858898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the role of somatostatin in tumor cell growth, the expression of somatostatin in 7 cultured brain tumor cells was investigated. Radioimmunoassay demonstrated the production of somatostatin into the culture supernatant of 6 tumor cells. The expression of somatostatin mRNA and receptor was investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and a binding assay with 125I-somatostatin-14, respectively. Only two cell lines, GBS-1 and U87MG, expressed somatostatin mRNA, whereas somatostatin receptor was expressed in all cultured cells. These results suggest that somatostatin is an important factor for regulating cell growth.
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890
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Kawauchi M, Nakajima J, Takeda M, Oka T, Takamoto S. Aortic valves are antigenic but less so than myocardium. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998; 116:532-4. [PMID: 9731802 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5223(98)70027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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891
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Takeda M, Kobayashi M, Shirato I, Endou H. Cyclosporine induces apoptosis of mouse terminal proximal straight tubule cells. Nephron Clin Pract 1998; 80:121-2. [PMID: 9730732 DOI: 10.1159/000045154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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892
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Suwa Y, Takano Y, Iki M, Takeda M, Asakura T, Noguchi S, Masuda M. Cyclin D1 protein overexpression is related to tumor differentiation, but not to tumor progression or proliferative activity, in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Urol 1998; 160:897-900. [PMID: 9720584 DOI: 10.1097/00005392-199809010-00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We attempted to clarify the significance of cyclin D1 in the development and progression of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemical staining of archival tissue specimens of transitional cell bladder carcinoma obtained from 163 patients was performed by the labeled streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method. RESULTS Cyclin D1 protein overexpression was observed in 51 of the 163 specimens (31.3%). Cyclin D1 protein overexpression was showed a highly significant inverse correlation with the histological grade of malignancy (p < 0.01). Grade 3 tumors showed a highly significant low incidence of cyclin D1 protein overexpression as compared with grade 2 tumors (p < 0.01). There was no significant correlation between the overexpression of cyclin D1 protein and tumor stage or the Ki-67 labeling index. CONCLUSION Cyclin D1 in transitional cell bladder carcinoma was closely related to tumor differentiation but not to tumor progression. Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder may utilize another pathway for proliferation that is independent of cyclin D1.
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893
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Takeda M, Nishikawa T, Shinosaki K, Kudo T, Nakamura Y, Tanaka T. [Clinical practice of dementia of the elderly]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 1998; 35:669-72. [PMID: 9865060 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.35.669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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894
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Suwa Y, Takano Y, Iki M, Takeda M, Asakura T, Noguchi S, Masuda M. Cyclin D1 protein overexpression is related to tumor differentiation, but not to tumor progression or proliferative activity, in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Urol 1998; 160:897-900. [PMID: 9720584 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(01)62829-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We attempted to clarify the significance of cyclin D1 in the development and progression of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemical staining of archival tissue specimens of transitional cell bladder carcinoma obtained from 163 patients was performed by the labeled streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method. RESULTS Cyclin D1 protein overexpression was observed in 51 of the 163 specimens (31.3%). Cyclin D1 protein overexpression was showed a highly significant inverse correlation with the histological grade of malignancy (p < 0.01). Grade 3 tumors showed a highly significant low incidence of cyclin D1 protein overexpression as compared with grade 2 tumors (p < 0.01). There was no significant correlation between the overexpression of cyclin D1 protein and tumor stage or the Ki-67 labeling index. CONCLUSION Cyclin D1 in transitional cell bladder carcinoma was closely related to tumor differentiation but not to tumor progression. Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder may utilize another pathway for proliferation that is independent of cyclin D1.
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895
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Tsunematsu T, Namba H, Akutsu Y, Ohkawa Y, Yagenji A, Takeda M, Yajima K, Nitta Y, Kobayashi K, Maeda I, Takenaka Y. Effect of seismic isolation on the Tokamak in ITER. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(98)00238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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896
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Miyagawa Y, Oka T, Seko M, Tei N, Satoh E, Takano Y, Tsujimura A, Takaha M, Takeda M. [A clinical study on renal pelvic and ureteral cancer--with special reference to prognostic factors and adjuvant chemotherapy]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1998; 89:766-73. [PMID: 9796256 DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.89.766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This report focuses on the prognostic factors of the renal pelvic and ureteral cancer and on the treatment for advanced and/or recurrent cases. METHODS We reviewed the forty-nine patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and/or ureter who underwent surgery at the Department of Urology, Osaka National Hospital from April, 1986 to October, 1996. Univariate and multivariate analysis was done on the pathological features from these patients. RESULTS The patients consisted of 34 males and 15 females and the mean age was 64.9, ranging from 27 to 83. Overall the 1, 3 and 5-year disease specific survival rates were 93.5%, 70.2% and 61.3% respectively by the Kaplan-Meier's method. The prognostic significance of the 6 pathological factors (pT, Grade, INF, pL, pV and pR) were evaluated statistically in terms of generalized Wilcoxon test and/or Cox-Mantel test. All the 6 factors effected on survival rates significantly. However, the grade, INF, pL, pV and pR factors were closely related to the pT factor. Moreover the pT factor was confirmed to be the most important and independent factor according to a multivariate analysis by the Cox's proportional hazard model. And the grade 3 factor with pT2 or higher stage was a high risk factor in recurrences significantly, in spite of curatively operated cases. Thirteen patients with high stage, metastasis or recurrences were treated after operation with the M-VAC or modified M-VAC regimen as preventive, adjuvant and/or salvage chemotherapy. The overall response rate was 72.7% in eleven cases with evaluable lesions, while these regimens could not be expected to improve long-term survival rate. The response rate of combined chemoradiation therapy was 66.7% for six cases with the localized recurrent cancer. CONCLUSIONS The pT factor was the independent predictor of disease-specific survival. Adjuvant chemotherapy for prevention of cancer recurrence should be considered in the case of pT2 or higher stage plus grade 3 factor, even if curatively operated cases. The M-VAC or modified M-VAC regimen was reconfirmed to be useful as first line chemotherapy of advanced renal pelvic and ureteral cancer. Combined chemoradiation therapy was useful for the localized cancer recurrences, especially as a second line therapy for relapsed cases after M-VAC chemotherapy in this series.
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897
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Noguchi K, Harada M, Masuda M, Takeda M, Kinoshita Y, Fukushima S, Miyai K, Fukuoka H, Hosaka M. Clinical significance of interruption of therapy with allylestrenol in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Int J Urol 1998; 5:466-70. [PMID: 9781436 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.1998.tb00389.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A multicenter, clinical trial investigated the effects of an interruption of antiandrogen therapy on subjective and objective clinical parameters in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). METHODS Patients were given antiandrogen therapy with allylestrenol (50 mg/day) for 16 weeks. The medication was then withheld and the patients were carefully monitored for an additional 16 weeks. There were 34 BPH patients ranging in age from 55 to 82 years (mean, 66.1 years). The efficacy of allylestrenol was evaluated by its effects on prostate volume, maximum urinary flow rate (MFR), and symptom scores at the end of 16 weeks of treatment and then again at 32 weeks (16 weeks after cessation of therapy). RESULTS Allylestrenol was effective in the treatment of BPH, and was still effective 16 weeks after the cessation of medication. The prostate volume did not change after treatment cessation nor did the total symptom score, but the MFR reversed to the pretreatment level. Serum testosterone (1.95 ng/mL), dihydrotestosterone, and gonadotropin levels decreased on therapy, but were completely reversed by the end of this study. A prostate needle biopsy revealed that after 16 weeks without therapy, some glands showed regressive glandular changes, while some glands showed slight hyperplastic changes of the secretory epithelium. Eight per cent of patients complained of loss of libido during this study. CONCLUSIONS Allylestrenol is an effective and safe medical treatment for patients with symptomatic BPH. Hormonal and histopathologic findings suggest that the prostate gland may regrow after discontinuation of medication.
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898
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Kashiwagi Y, Nakamura Y, Miyamae Y, Hashimoto R, Takeda M. Pulse exposure of cultured rat neurons to aluminum-maltol affected the axonal transport system. Neurosci Lett 1998; 252:5-8. [PMID: 9756345 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(98)00505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although chronic aluminum neurotoxicity has been well established, the mechanism of the toxicity has not been elucidated yet. In order to simplify the study of the aluminum neurotoxicity, we employed the pulse exposure of cultured rat cortical neurons to 250 microM aluminum-maltol for 1 h at the early stage (6 h after plating), which resulted in abnormal distribution of neurofilament L (NFL) and fast axonal transported proteins, whereas the axonal transport of tubulin, actin, and clathrin were not impaired. Otherwise, the pulse exposure of neurons at the late stage (4 days after plating) to the same concentration of aluminum-maltol did not affect the cell morphology and the distribution of NFL. The pulse exposure of cultured neurons to aluminum-maltol at the early stage might affect the axonal transport system of NFL and fast axonal transported proteins.
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899
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Ikura Y, Kudo T, Tanaka T, Tanii H, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K, Takeda M. Levels of tau phosphorylation at different sites in Alzheimer disease brain. Neuroreport 1998; 9:2375-9. [PMID: 9694231 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-199807130-00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule-associated protein tau is abnormally hyperphosphorylated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. To date, 21 phosphorylated sites of tau have been identified. In the present study the levels of phosphorylation at Ser199/Ser202, Thr231/Ser235, Ser262/Ser356 and Ser396/Ser404 of tau in AD brain homogenate and its 100,000 x g supernatant were determined using radioimmuno-dot-blot assay. In homogenate, Ser199/Ser202 and Ser262/Ser356 were phosphorylated to similar level and were more phosphorylated than Thr231 or Ser396/Ser404. In supernatant, there was no significant difference in phosphorylated tau level among the investigated sites except for Thr231/Ser235 which was least phosphorylated. These results suggest that Ser199/Ser202 and Ser262/Ser356 are major sites of phosphorylation of tau in AD brain.
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900
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Usui H, Inoue R, Tanabe O, Nishito Y, Shimizu M, Hayashi H, Kagamiyama H, Takeda M. Activation of protein phosphatase 2A by cAMP-dependent protein kinase-catalyzed phosphorylation of the 74-kDa B'' (delta) regulatory subunit in vitro and identification of the phosphorylation sites. FEBS Lett 1998; 430:312-6. [PMID: 9688562 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00684-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human erythrocyte protein phosphatase 2A, which comprises a 34-kDa catalytic C subunit, a 63-kDa regulatory A subunit and a 74-kDa regulatory B'' (delta) subunit, was phosphorylated at serine residues of B'' in vitro by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (A-kinase). In the presence and absence of 0.5 microM okadaic acid (OA), A-kinase gave maximal incorporation of 1.7 and 1.0 mol of phosphate per mol of B'', respectively. The Km value of A-kinase for CAB'' was 0.17 +/- 0.01 microM in the presence of OA. The major in vitro phosphorylation sites of B'' were identified as Ser-60, -75 and -573 in the presence of OA, and Ser-75 and -573 in the absence of OA. Phosphorylation of B'' did not dissociate B'' from CA, and stimulated the molecular activity of CAB'' toward phosphorylated H1 and H2B histones, 3.8- and 1.4-fold, respectively, but not toward phosphorylase a.
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