151
|
Li D, Zhao YL, Qin XJ, Liu L, Yang XW, Chen YY, Wang B, Wei X, Liu YP, Luo XD. Spiralosides A-C, Three New C27-Steroidal Glycoalkaloids from the Fruits of Solanum spirale. Nat Prod Bioprospect 2016; 6:225-31. [PMID: 27318495 PMCID: PMC4940254 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-016-0103-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Three new C27-steroidal glycoalkaloids, spiralosides A-C (1-3), were obtained from the total alkaloids of Solanum spirale by chromatographic methods. On the basis of spectroscopic evidence, spiralosides A-C were elucidated as (22R,25S)-22,26-epiminocholest-5-ene-3β,16α-diol-N-acetyl-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1), (22R,25S)-22,26-epiminocholest-5-ene-3β,16α-diol-N-acetyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (2), (22R,25S)-22,26-epiminocholest-3β,16α-diol-N-acetyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (3), respectively. The total alkaloids of S. spirale have been screened for their antitussive and expectorant effects in intact animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xu-Jie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Xing-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Bei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Xin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Lan X, Dang SN, Zhao YL, Yan H, Yan H. [Meta-analysis on effect of combined supplementation of folic acid, vitamin B12 and B6 on risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in randomized control trials]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2016; 37:1028-1034. [PMID: 27453118 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of the combined supplementation of folic acid, vitamin B12 and B6 on the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. METHODS The literatures of randomized control trials about the relationship between the combined supplementation of folic acid, vitamin B12 and B6 and risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases from 1980 to 2014 were retrieved, and the eligible studies were screened for a Meta-analysis. The study indicators were the incidences of cardiovascular disease events, myocardial infarction and stroke. The cffect indicators were relative risk(RR)and 95% confidence interval(CI). Jadad score was used for the quality evaluation of the trials used in the study. RESULTS The literatures of 11 randomized control trials, involving 26 395 patients, were used in the Meta-analysis. The combined supplementation of B vitamins had no effect on the incidence of cardiovascular disease events(RR=1.00, 95% CI: 0.94-1.07)based on 8 studies. The combined supplementation of B vitamins had no effect on the incidence of myocardial infarction(RR= 1.03, 95% CI: 0.94-1.13)based on 9 studies. The combined supplementation of B vitamins could reduce the incidence of stroke by 14%(RR=0.86, 95%CI: 0.78-0.95)based on 9 studies. Compared with the control group, Taking folic acid combined with vitamin B12 and B6 could reduce the level of homocysteine by 2.53 μmol/L(95%CI:-3.93--1.12). Subgroup analysis indicated that the follow-up time, the dosage of folic acid and vitamin B12 and B6, the history of diseases had no confounding effect on the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease events. But the subgroup analysis for stroke showed that with the extension of follow-up time, the supplementation of B vitamins could reduce the risk of stroke. The effect of folic acid and B12 in small dosage seemed more significant in the prevention of stroke, while the preventive effect of B6 increased with increasing dosage. The preventive effect of combined supplementation of B vitamins was more significant for the patients with a history of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. CONCLUSION Taking folic acid combined with vitamin B6 and B12 might have no significant effect on the incidences of cardio-cerebrovascular disease events and myocardial infarction, but could lower the risk of stroke and the level of homocysteine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Lan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
153
|
Rong R, Cui MY, Zhang QL, Zhang MY, Yu YM, Zhou XY, Yu ZG, Zhao YL. Anesthetic constituents ofZanthoxylum bungeanumMaxim.: A pharmacokinetic study. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:2728-35. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Rong
- Institute Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Mei-Yu Cui
- Institute Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Qi-Li Zhang
- Institute Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Mei-Yan Zhang
- Institute Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Yu-Ming Yu
- Institute Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Xian-Ying Zhou
- Institute Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Zhi-Guo Yu
- Institute Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- Institute Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Sun BA, Chen SH, Lu YM, Zhu ZG, Zhao YL, Yang Y, Chan KC, Liu CT. Origin of Shear Stability and Compressive Ductility Enhancement of Metallic Glasses by Metal Coating. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27852. [PMID: 27271435 PMCID: PMC4897694 DOI: 10.1038/srep27852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic glasses (MGs) are notorious for the poor macroscopic ductility and to overcome the weakness various intrinsic and extrinsic strategies have been proposed in past decades. Among them, the metal coating is regarded as a flexible and facile approach, yet the physical origin is poorly understood due to the complex nature of shear banding process. Here, we studied the origin of ductile enhancement in the Cu-coating both experimentally and theoretically. By examining serrated shear events and their stability of MGs, we revealed that the thin coating layer plays a key role in stopping the final catastrophic failure of MGs by slowing down shear band dynamics and thus retarding its attainment to a critical instable state. The mechanical analysis on interplay between the coating layer and shear banding process showed the enhanced shear stability mainly comes from the lateral tension of coating layer induced by the surface shear step and the bonding between the coating layer and MGs rather than the layer thickness is found to play a key role in contributing to the shear stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B A Sun
- Centre For Advanced Structural Materials, Department of Mechanical Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S H Chen
- Advanced Manufacturing Technology Research Centre, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Y M Lu
- Centre For Advanced Structural Materials, Department of Mechanical Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Z G Zhu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y L Zhao
- Centre For Advanced Structural Materials, Department of Mechanical Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y Yang
- Centre For Advanced Structural Materials, Department of Mechanical Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K C Chan
- Advanced Manufacturing Technology Research Centre, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - C T Liu
- Centre For Advanced Structural Materials, Department of Mechanical Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Zhang WH, Zhao YL. [Polyp within massive concha bullosa: a case report]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:915-916. [PMID: 29797942 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To discuss the complication of common anatomic variant of the middle turbinate-concha bullosa. We present a 63 years old man with nasal obstruction who was diagnosed to be a polyp originated from concha bullosa by CT and operation. Polyp originated from middle meatus was squeezed into concha bullosa. Endoscopic operation is the best treatment to this disesase. Concha bullosa can result in obstruction of middle meatus and then lead to sinusitis. This case, polyp originated from middle meatus was squeezed into concha bullosa, it was a rare occurrence.
Collapse
|
156
|
Zhao YL, Wang HM, Shao BX, Chen W, Guo ZJ, Gong HY, Sang XH, Wang JJ, Ye WW. SSR-based association mapping of salt tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7370. [PMID: 27323090 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The identification of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers associated with salt tolerance in cotton contributes to molecular assisted selection (MAS), which can improve the efficiency of traditional breeding. In this study, 134 samples of upland cotton cultivars were selected. The seedling emergence rates were tested under 0.3% NaCl stress. A total of 74 SSR markers were used to scan the genomes of these samples. To identify SSR markers associated with salt tolerance, an association analysis was performed between salt tolerance and SSR markers using TASSEL 2.1, based on the analysis of genetic structure using Structure 2.3.4. The results showed that the seedling emergence rates of 134 cultivars were significantly different, and 27 salt-sensitive and 10 salt-tolerant cultivars were identified. A total of 148 loci were found in 74 SSR markers involving 246 allelic variations, which ranged from 2 to 7 with an average of 3.32 per SSR marker. The gene diversity ranged from 0.0295 to 0.4959, with the average being 0.2897. The polymorphic information content ranged from0.0290 to 0.3729, with the average being 0.2381. This natural population was classified into two subgroups by Structure 2.3.4, containing 89 and 45 samples, respectively. Finally, eight SSR sites associated with salt tolerance ware found through an association analysis, with the rate of explanation ranging from 2.91 to 7.82% and an average of 4.32%. These results provide reference data for the use MAS for salt tolerance in cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - H M Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - B X Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - W Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Z J Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - H Y Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - X H Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - J J Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - W W Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
157
|
Chen YY, Yang KX, Yang XW, Khan A, Liu L, Wang B, Zhao YL, Liu YP, Li Y, Luo XD. New Cytotoxic Tigliane Diterpenoids from Croton caudatus. Planta Med 2016; 82:729-733. [PMID: 27002392 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-102539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Three new tigliane-type diterpenoids were isolated from the methanolic extract of the twigs and leaves of Croton caudatus, trivially named crotusins A-C (1-3). The structures of compounds 1-3 were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectral methods. These new compounds were highly oxygenated and heavily substituted. Cytotoxic activity against five human tumor cell lines was assessed for compounds 1-3 of which compound 3 showed significant inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.49 to 4.19 µM against these cells, while crotusins A and B exhibited moderate activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun-Xian Yang
- First People Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Afsar Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Abstract
The present study aimed at determining the chemical constituents of Solanum coagulans and their antimicrobial activities. The compounds were isolated by various chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, chemical methods, and comparison with reported spectroscopic data. One new phenolic glycoside, methyl salicylate 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), together with 12 known compounds (2-13), were isolated from the aerial parts of Solanum coagulans. Compound 1 was a new phenolic glycoside, and 2-6 were isolated from Solanum genus for the first time. The antimicrobial activities of the isolated compounds were also evaluated. Compound 7 showed remarkable antifungal activity against T. mentagrophytes, M. gypseum and E. floccosum with MIC values being 3.13, 1.56 and 3.13 μg·mL(-1), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Jie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Paul-Keilah Lunga
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China; Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Study, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé P. O. Box 812, Cameroon
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China.
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Wang Y, Zhao YL, Li X. [Clinical analysis of 14 cases of acute sinusitis in children complicated with orbital cellulitis]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:554-556. [PMID: 29871068 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment methods of acute sinusitis in children with orbital cellulitis. Method:Fourteen cases in our hospital of acute sinusitis in children which causes orbital cellulitis were collected. The history, physical examination, imaging examination, and surgical records were analyzed to understand the clinical characteristics and treatment of the disease. Result:Thirteen cases had poor efficacy after been treated with antibiotics. Excepted 1 case automatic left the hospital, the rest were cured by surgical treatment. The cure rate was 100%. An 8 years old child transfered in department of rhinology from department of ophthalmology with his eye blind. Inspite of surgury, the vision didn't improve. Conclusion:Acute sinusitis in children with orbital cellulitis has a rapid onset and is rapidly spreading. Early diagnosis, active treatment can effectively prevent disorders of ocular movement, visual impairment and can improve the cure rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Rhinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- Department of Rhinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Rhinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
Kong L, Li HX, Wu DL, Xu GR, Wang DL, Zhao YL. Molecular characterization of the gene checkpoint homolog 1 in Daphnia carinata during different reproductive phases. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr6132. [PMID: 27173176 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15026132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Full-length cDNA of the gene checkpoint homolog 1 (Chk1) was cloned from Daphnia carinata and designated DcarChk1. DcarChk1 cDNA was 1817 bp in length and encoded a 497-amino acid polypeptide. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that DcarChk1 was most closely related to Chk1 of Daphnia pulex, followed by homologous genes of insects. Expression of DcarChk1 was higher in adult Daphnia than in larvae, and significantly higher in males than females, as determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Using whole-mount in situ hybridization techniques, DcarChk1 in parthenogenetic females was found to be expressed mainly on the head surface, capillus, and carapace valve edge. In contrast, in sexual females, DcarChk1 was expressed mainly in the joint of the second antenna, and in the thoracic limbs and capillus. These results suggest that DcarChk1 plays a significant role in both the growth and development, as well as in regulating reproductive plasticity, in D. carinata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Kong
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - H X Li
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - D L Wu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - G R Xu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - D L Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
161
|
Chen YY, Yang J, Yang XW, Khan A, Liu L, Wang B, Zhao YL, Liu YP, Ding ZT, Luo XD. Alstorisine A, a nor-monoterpenoid indole alkaloid from cecidogenous leaves of Alstonia scholaris. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
162
|
Qiu HC, Zhang YQ, Li C, Zhao YL, Zhao JZ, Jiang WJ. [Management of 99 intracranial aneurysms in neurovascular hybrid operating room]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:547-50. [PMID: 26902196 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the current status of intracranial aneurysms treated in neurovascular hybrid operating room. METHODS In the neurovascular hybrid operating room of New Era Stroke Care & Research Center, the Second Artillery General Hospital PLA, from October 2013 to November 2015, 99 cases of intracranial aneurysms were managed by interventional treatment, open surgery, hybrid surgery or switched surgical procedures. RESULTS Patients with intracranial aneurysms treated in neurovascular hybrid operating room achieved good clinical outcome. CONCLUSION It is an ideal option to treat intracranial aneurysms in neurovascular hybrid operating room.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H C Qiu
- Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
163
|
Li Q, Yang KX, Zhao YL, Qin XJ, Yang XW, Liu L, Liu YP, Luo XD. Potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic steroidal alkaloids from Veratrum taliense. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 179:274-9. [PMID: 26743225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE "Pimacao" (the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum taliense Loes.) has been used as traditional folk medicine in Yunnan province (PR China) for the treatment of pain, swelling, and inflammation. It is the main component of the renowned traditional Chinese medicine, "Yunnan Baiyao". Previous investigations and clinical research have shown significant analgesic activity of Pimacao. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present study was to find out the compounds responsible for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity present in V. taliense. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total alkaloids were the subject of phytochemical investigation and the compounds were isolated by multiple step chromatography. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic data. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan induced paw oedema and analgesic activity was assessed using acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. RESULTS Three new steroidal alkaloids, veratralines A-C (1-3), together with five known analogs, were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of V. taliense. All the compounds had the analgesic activity and significantly decreased the number of writhes caused by acetic acid much better than Dolantin. All the alkaloids except 8, possessed anti-inflammatory activity, in which 3, 5, and 7 significantly inhibited the paw oedema caused by carrageenan compared with Indomethacin. CONCLUSION This is the first report of jervine-type alkaloids responsible for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Pimacao. We provide scientific evidence to support that the roots and rhizomes of V. taliense are useful in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of pain and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Kun-Xian Yang
- First People Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, PR China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Xu-Jie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Xing-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
164
|
Zhao YL, Shang JH, Pu SB, Wang HS, Wang B, Liu L, Liu YP, Shen HM, Luo XD. Effect of total alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris on airway inflammation in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 178:258-265. [PMID: 26707569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alstonia scholaris (Apocynaceae) have been traditionally used for treatment of respiratory diseases in "dai" ethnopharmacy for hundreds years, especially for cough, asthma, phlegm, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and so on. The formulas including the leaf extract have also been prescribed in hospitals and sold over the retail pharmacies. AIM OF THE STUDY A. scholaris is used as a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of respiratory tract inflammation. However, there is no scientific evidence to validate the use of total alkaloids of A. scholaris in the literature. Here, we investigated the protective activity of total alkaloids (TA), extracted from the leaves of Alstonia scholaris, against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced airway inflammation (AI) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS 200 μg/μL LPS was instilled intratracheally in each rat, and then the modeling animals were divided into six groups (n=10, each) randomly: sham group, LPS group, Dexamethasone [1.5mg/kg, intra-gastricly (i.g.)] group, and three different doses (7.5, 15, and 30 mg/kg, i.g.) of total alkaloids-treated groups. Corresponding drugs or vehicles were orally administered once per day for 7 days consecutively. The concentration of albumin (ALB), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined by fully automatic biochemical analyzer and blood counting instrument. Nitric oxide (NO) level, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were examined by multiskan spectrum, and histological change in the lungs was analyzed by H.E. staining. The levels of inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured using ELISA. RESULTS Total alkaloids decreased the percentage of neutrophil, number of WBC, levels of ALB, AKP and LDH in the BALF, while increased the content of ALB in serum. It also improved SOD activity and increased NO level in the lungs, serum and BALF, and reduced the concentration of MDA in the lungs. Total alkaloids also inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-8 in the BALF and lung. Finally, histopathological examination indicated that total alkaloids attenuated tissue injury of the lungs in LPS-induced AI. CONCLUSIONS Total alkaloids have an inhibitory effect against LPS-induced airway inflammation in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jian-Hua Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shi-Biao Pu
- Yunnan University of TCM, Yunnan Province, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Province, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Bei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hong-Mei Shen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province, Kunming 650106, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, China.
| |
Collapse
|
165
|
Song Y, Ye YJ, Li PW, Zhao YL, Miao Q, Hou DY, Ren XP. The Cardioprotective Effects of Late-Phase Remote Preconditioning of Trauma Depends on Neurogenic Pathways and the Activation of PKC and NF-κB (But Not iNOS) in Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2015; 21:310-9. [PMID: 26450997 DOI: 10.1177/1074248415609435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A superficial abdominal surgical incision elicits cardioprotection against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice. This process, called remote preconditioning of trauma (RPCT), has both an early and a late phase. Previous investigations have demonstrated that early RPCT reduces cardiac infarct size by 80% to 85%. We evaluated the cardioprotective and molecular mechanisms of late-phase RPCT in a murine I/R injury model. METHODS Wild-type mice, bradykinin (BK) 2 receptor knockout mice, 3M transgenic mice (nuclear factor κB [NF-κb] repressor inhibitor of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor alpha [IκBα((S32A, S36A, Y42F))]), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) knockout mice were analyzed using a previously established I/R injury model. A noninvasive abdominal surgical incision was made 24 hours prior to I/R injury and the infarct size was determined at 24 hours post-I/R injury. RESULTS The results indicated that a strong cardioprotective effect occurred during late-phase RPCT (58.42% ± 1.89% sham vs 29.41% ± 4.00% late RPCT, mean area of the infarct divided by the mean area of the risk region; P ≤ .05; n = 10). Furthermore, pharmacological intervention revealed the involvement of neurogenic signaling in the beneficial effects of late RPCT via sensory and sympathetic thoracic nerves. Pharmacological experiments in transgenic mice-implicated BK receptors, β-adrenergic receptors, protein kinase C, and NF-κB but not iNOS signaling in the cardioprotective effects of late RPCT. CONCLUSION Late RPCT significantly decreased myocardial infarct size via neurogenic transmission and various other signaling pathways. This protective mechanism differentiates late and early RPCT. This study describes a new cardiac I/R injury prevention method and refines the concept of RPCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Song
- Hand and Microsurgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Y J Ye
- Hand and Microsurgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - P W Li
- Hand and Microsurgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- Hand and Microsurgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Q Miao
- Hand and Microsurgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - D Y Hou
- Hand and Microsurgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - X P Ren
- Hand and Microsurgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Stritch School of Medicine in Loyola University, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Zhao YL, Han S, Pu R, Shi LW. The comparisons of the efficacy and toxicity between gefitinib and docetaxel for patients with advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis from randomized controlled clinical trials. Indian J Cancer 2015; 51 Suppl 3:e86-91. [PMID: 25818741 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.154070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent of the benefit of gefitinib in the treatment of advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is till controversial, when compared with docetaxel. We performed this meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and toxicity of gefitinib with docetaxel for different patients with advanced NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and identified 5 randomized controlled clinical trials published within 2000-2013. After further full-text screening, 4 clinical trials were included in the final meta-analysis. RESULTS The outcomes of treatment efficacy included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR). Comparing gefitinib to docetaxel for advanced NSCLC patients, the pooled hazard ratio (HR) of PFS was 0.91, (95% confidential index [CI] = 0.83-0.99), the pooled HR of OS was 1.02, (95% CI = 0.93-1.13), the pooled risk ratio of ORR was 1.57, (95% CI = 1.01-2.47). CONCLUSIONS Gefitinib was found to significantly improve patients' PFS and response rate compared with docetaxel. There is no difference of OS between gefitinib and docetaxel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - L W Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science; International Research Center of Medicinal Administration, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
167
|
Wang LM, Lv WW, Zuo D, Dong ZJ, Zhao YL. Characteristics of Cyclin B and its potential role in regulating oogenesis in the red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:10786-98. [PMID: 26400307 DOI: 10.4238/2015.september.9.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin B is a regulatory subunit of maturation-promoting factor (MPF), which has a key role in the induction of meiotic maturation of oocytes. MPF has been studied in a wide variety of animal species; however, its expression in crustaceans is poorly characterized. In this study, the complete cDNA sequence of Cyclin B was cloned from the red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus, and its spatiotemporal expression profiles were analyzed. Cyclin B cDNA (1779 bp) encoded a 401 amino acid protein with a calculated molecular weight of 45.1 kDa. Quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated that Cyclin B mRNA was expressed mainly in the ovarian tissue and that the expression decreased as the ovaries developed. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that the Cyclin B protein relocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus during oogenesis. These findings suggest that Cyclin B plays an important role in gametogenesis and gonad development in C. quadricarinatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L M Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - W W Lv
- Life Science College, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - D Zuo
- Life Science College, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z J Dong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- Life Science College, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
168
|
He YB, Zhan RL, Sun GM, Wu JB, Zhao YL. Phylogeography of pink pineapple mealybugs, Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) reveals the history of pineapple introduction and cultivation in China. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:9890-7. [PMID: 26345923 DOI: 10.4238/2015.august.19.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The pink pineapple mealybug (PPM), Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a widespread plant-sucking insect of considerable concern because it transmits the pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus. Its distribution is closely linked with its host, the pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill] because of its wingless and parthenogenetic characteristics. To investigate the history of D. brevipes introduction and the cultivation of pineapple in China, samples of D. brevipes were collected from the main pineapple production region in China, and from Thailand, and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was analyzed. Homologous sequences of D. brevipes COI from Brazil, Thailand, and Philippines that are deposited in GenBank were compared. Phylogenetic analyses suggest there are close genetic relationships between PPM populations from Hawaii, Brazil, the Philippines, and from Thailand and China, which probably originate from South America. It is suggested that most PPMs in China were introduced from South America by way of Southeast Asia, being accompanied by the pineapple seedling. Conversely, some PPMs represented by Haplotype-WN from Wanning of China, and Lampang of Thailand were found to differ greatly from populations in Hawaii, Brazil, the Philippines, Thailand, and China. It is possible that another route was used for the introduction and distribution of pineapple, or that pineapple might have originated in Southeast Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y B He
- Center of Pineapple Germplasm Innovation & Utilization in Hainan Province, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - R L Zhan
- Center of Pineapple Germplasm Innovation & Utilization in Hainan Province, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - G M Sun
- Center of Pineapple Germplasm Innovation & Utilization in Hainan Province, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - J B Wu
- Center of Pineapple Germplasm Innovation & Utilization in Hainan Province, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- Center of Pineapple Germplasm Innovation & Utilization in Hainan Province, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
169
|
Liu H, Wu PP, Yang MJ, Men L, Lin HL, Zhao YL, Tang X, Yu ZG. Application of a UPLC-MS/MS method to the protein binding study of TM-2 in rat, human and beagle dog plasma. J Pharm Anal 2015; 6:32-38. [PMID: 29403960 PMCID: PMC5762439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
TM-2 known as a potential antitumor drug is a novel semi-synthetic taxane derivative. As drug–protein interactions contribute to insights into pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, we elucidated the binding of TM-2 to plasma protein. In this study, a simple, rapid and reliable method was developed and validated employing equilibrium dialysis for the separation of bound and unbound drugs and ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) for the quantitation. Protein binding reached equilibrium within 24 h of incubation at 37 °C. After liquid–liquid extraction with methyl tert-butyl ether, the samples were separated on Thermo Syncronis UPLC® C18 (2.1 mm×50 mm, 1.7 µm), and acquisition of mass spectrometric data was performed in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode via positive electrospray ionization. The assay was linear over the concentration rang of 5–2000 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precisions were 0.1%–14.8%, and the accuracy was from −6.4% to 7.0%. This assay has been successfully applied to a protein binding study of TM-2 in rat, human and beagle dog plasma. TM-2 showed high protein binding of 81.4%±6.5% (rat), 87.9%±3.6% (human) and 79.4%±4.0% (beagle dog). The results revealed that there was an insignificant difference among the three species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.,Yunnan Institute of Materia Medica, Lengshui Poul 24, Xishan District, Kunming, 650111, China
| | - Pan-Pan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ming-Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lei Men
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hong-Li Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xing Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Qin XJ, Zhao YL, Song CW, Wang B, Chen YY, Liu L, Li Q, Li D, Liu YP, Luo XD. Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids from Inadequately Dried Leaves of Alstonia scholaris. Nat Prod Bioprospect 2015; 5:185-93. [PMID: 26280886 PMCID: PMC4567994 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-015-0066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Six new indole alkaloids, named alstoniascholarines L-Q (1-6), together with nineteen known analogues were isolated from the inadequately dried leaves of Alstonia scholaris. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive analysis of spectroscopic data and by comparison of their physical and spectroscopic data with the literature values. In addition, the new alkaloids were tested for their cytotoxic and neurite outgrowth-promoting activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Jie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Wei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
171
|
Zhang MQ, Ma CA, Lv WW, Huang YH, Wang DL, Zhao YL. Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of a Doublesex gene from Daphnia carinata (Crustacea: Cladocera) during different reproductive stages. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:5930-842. [PMID: 26125792 DOI: 10.4238/2015.june.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the reproductive transformation mechanism of Daphnia carinata, a Doublesex (Dsx) gene was cloned based on rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), and was designated DapcaDsx2. Next, we compared similarities and assumed homology based on deduced amino acid sequences. It showed 97.52, 87.94, and 85.11% identity to orthologous genes in D. magna, D. pulex, and D. galeata respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that DapcaDsx2 clustered in the same class, and was evolutionarily more distant to sequences from other species. qRT-PCR showed that DapcaDsx2 was most abundantly expressed during sexual reproduction (P < 0.05). Using digoxigenin-labeled RNA probes, we studied DapcaDsx2 expression in parthenogenetic and sexual females by whole-mount in situ hybridization. The results revealed that DapcaDsx2 was mainly expressed in the second antennae and several sites of the ventral carapace, whereas higher expression levels were found in sexual than in parthenogenetic females. This suggests that the DapcaDsx2 gene is involved in switching modes of reproduction and in sexual differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Q Zhang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - C A Ma
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - W W Lv
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y H Huang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - D L Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
172
|
Yang XW, Luo XD, Lunga PK, Zhao YL, Qin XJ, Chen YY, Liu L, Li XN, Liu YP. Scholarisines H–O, novel indole alkaloid derivatives from long-term stored Alstonia scholaris. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
173
|
Qin XJ, Zhao YL, Lunga PK, Yang XW, Song CW, Cheng GG, Liu L, Chen YY, Liu YP, Luo XD. Indole alkaloids with antibacterial activity from aqueous fraction of Alstonia scholaris. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
174
|
Zhao YL, Hu WW, Yang ZQ. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy study on reversion of Al2CuMg precipitates in Al-Cu-Mg alloys under irradiation. Micron 2015; 76:1-5. [PMID: 26011813 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Image deconvolution analyses showed that reversion of S-Al2CuMg precipitates occurred in an Al-Cu-Mg alloy during high-resolution transmission electron microscopy observations. A fraction of Mg and Cu atoms in the precipitates diffused into Al matrix due to electron beam irradiation at 300kV, resulting in structural/chemical reversion of the precipitates. The structural reversion of the S-Al2CuMg precipitates is closely related with irradiation-induced displacement of atoms. The strong attraction between Cu and Mg atoms might assist the sub-threshold displacement of Cu atoms. One transitional structure is determined to be S''-Al10Cu3Mg3, a precursor of S-Al2CuMg. Two other transitional structures, Al3CuMg and Al18Cu5Mg5 which have the same lattice parameters of a=c=0.405nm as that of S''-Al10Cu3Mg3, but different b values, are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Zhao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Liaoning Technical College of Equipment Manufacturing, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - W W Hu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Z Q Yang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
175
|
Chen P, Zhao YL, Tian B, Li C, Li YY. A beam-membrane structure micromachined differential pressure flow sensor. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:045004. [PMID: 25933890 DOI: 10.1063/1.4919282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A beam-membrane structure micromachined flow sensor is designed, depending on the principle of differential pressure caused by the mass flow, which is directly proportional to the square flow rate. The FSI (fluid structure interaction) characteristics of the differential pressure flow sensor are investigated via numerical analysis and analog simulation. The working mechanism of the flow sensor is analyzed depending on the FSI results. Then, the flow sensor is fabricated and calibrated. The calibration results show that the beam-membrane structure differential pressure flow sensor achieves ideal static characteristics and works well in the practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - B Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - C Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Y Y Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
176
|
Fan RH, Ding W, Ma YY, Lin HL, Men L, Duan MM, Zhao YL, Yu ZG. Development of a sensitive ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of nine active compounds in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after administration of. J Sep Sci 2014; 38:530-40. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Hua Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Wei Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Yu-Ying Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Hong-Li Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Lei Men
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Meng-Meng Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Zhi-Guo Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| |
Collapse
|
177
|
Liu L, Zhao YL, Cheng GG, Chen YY, Qin XJ, Song CW, Yang XW, Liu YP, Luo XD. Limonoid and Steroidal Saponin from Azadirachta indica. Nat Prod Bioprospect 2014; 4:335-40. [PMID: 25381190 PMCID: PMC4250567 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-014-0042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new limonoid, 17-(5-methoxy-2-oxofuran-3-yl)-28-deoxonimbolide (1), and a new C21 steroidal saponin, 2α,4α-dihydroxy-pregn-5-en-16-one-3α-O-D-glucopyranoside (2), together with 11 known compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of the leaves of Azadirachta indica. The structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis and putative biosynthetic origins. All the compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against six bacterial strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Guang Cheng
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Jie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Wei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
178
|
Abstract
Many feedlot finishing diets include wheat when the relative wheat prices are low. This study was conducted to examine the responses in ruminal pH and fermentation as well as site and extent of digestion from substituting soft or hard wheat for barley grain and to determine whether an elevated monensin concentration might decrease indicators of ruminal acidosis in feedlot heifers. Five ruminally cannulated beef heifers were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square with 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement. Treatments included barley (10% barley silage, 86% barley, 4% supplement, with 28 mg monensin/kg DM) and diets where barley was substituted by either soft or hard wheat with either 28 or 44 mg monensin/kg diet DM. Intake of DM was not affected by grain source, whereas increasing monensin with wheat diets reduced (P < 0.02) DMI. Mean ruminal pH was lower (P < 0.04) and durations of pH < 5.8 and pH < 5.5 greater (P < 0.03) for wheat than for barley diets. However, ruminal pH was not affected by wheat type or monensin level. Total VFA concentrations were greater (P < 0.03) for wheat than barley diets with no effect of wheat type. The molar proportion of propionate was greater (P < 0.04), whereas butyrate (P < 0.01) and ratio of acetate to propionate tended to be lower (P < 0.09), with the high as compared to low level of monensin. Replacing barley with wheat in finishing diets did not affect the duodenal flow or the digestibility of OM, likely as a result of greater (P < 0.01) NDF digestion from barley offsetting the increased (P < 0.03) supply of digested starch from wheat. Feeding soft vs. hard wheat delivered a greater (P < 0.03) duodenal supply of OM and nonammonia N with no differences in total tract nutrient digestion. The increased monensin concentration decreased the flow of OM (P < 0.01), total N (P < 0.05), and microbial protein (P < 0.05) to the small intestine due to decreased DMI. These results indicated that hard and soft wheat exhibited digestive characteristics similar to barley, but ruminal pH measurements indicate that compared with barley, wheat increased the risk of ruminal acidosis. Although an increased level of monensin had limited impact on ruminal indicators of acidosis, an increase in propionate would be expected to improve efficiency of feed use by heifers fed wheat-based finishing diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Z Yang
- Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Box 3000, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - L Xu
- Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Box 3000, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada Bao Tou Light Industry Vocational Technical College, Jianhua Road, P.O. Box 19, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China 014035
| | - Y L Zhao
- Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Box 3000, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - L Y Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - T A McAllister
- Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Box 3000, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
179
|
Yang XW, Qin XJ, Zhao YL, Lunga PK, Li XN, Jiang SZ, Cheng GG, Liu YP, Luo XD. Alstolactines A–C, novel monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
180
|
Yin X, Feng T, Shang JH, Zhao YL, Wang F, Li ZH, Dong ZJ, Luo XD, Liu JK. Chemical and toxicological investigations of a previously unknown poisonous European mushroom Tricholoma terreum. Chemistry 2014; 20:7001-9. [PMID: 24753190 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The established tradition of consuming and marketing wild mushrooms has focused attention on mycotoxicity, which has become a global issue. In the present study, we describe the toxins found in a previously unknown poisonous European mushroom Tricholoma terreum. Fifteen new triterpenoids terreolides A-F (1-6) and saponaceolides H-P (8-16) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of the toxic mushroom T. terreum. Terreolides A-C (1-3) possessed a unique 5/6/7 trioxaspiroketal system, whereas terreolides D-F (4-6) possessed an unprecedented carbon skeleton. Two abundant compounds in the mushroom, saponaceolide B (7) and saponaceolide M (13), displayed acute toxicity, with LD50 values of 88.3 and 63.7 mg kg(-1) when administered orally in mice. Both compounds were found to increase serum creatine kinase levels in mice, indicating that T. terreum may be the cause of mushroom poisoning ultimately leading to rhabdomyolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 871-65219934; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (P.R. China)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
181
|
Gu J, Qian SY, Zhao YL, Cheng GG, Hu DB, Zhang BH, Li Y, Liu YP, Luo XD. Prenyleudesmanes, rare natural diterpenoids from Dysoxylum densiflorum. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
182
|
Qin XJ, Lunga PK, Zhao YL, Li JL, Yang XW, Liu YP, Luo XD. Antibacterial prenylbenzoic acid derivatives from Anodendron formicinum. Fitoterapia 2014; 92:238-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
183
|
Annadi A, Zhang Q, Renshaw Wang X, Tuzla N, Gopinadhan K, Lü WM, Roy Barman A, Liu ZQ, Srivastava A, Saha S, Zhao YL, Zeng SW, Dhar S, Olsson E, Gu B, Yunoki S, Maekawa S, Hilgenkamp H, Venkatesan T, Ariando. Anisotropic two-dimensional electron gas at the LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃ (110) interface. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1838. [PMID: 23673623 PMCID: PMC3674248 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The observation of a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas between two insulating complex oxides, especially LaAlO3/SrTiO3, has enhanced the potential of oxides for electronics. The occurrence of this conductivity is believed to be driven by polarization discontinuity, leading to an electronic reconstruction. In this scenario, the crystal orientation has an important role and no conductivity would be expected, for example, for the interface between LaAlO3 and (110)-oriented SrTiO3, which should not have a polarization discontinuity. Here we report the observation of unexpected conductivity at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface prepared on (110)-oriented SrTiO3, with a LaAlO3-layer thickness-dependent metal-insulator transition. Density functional theory calculation reveals that electronic reconstruction, and thus conductivity, is still possible at this (110) interface by considering the energetically favourable (110) interface structure, that is, buckled TiO2/LaO, in which the polarization discontinuity is still present. The conductivity was further found to be strongly anisotropic along the different crystallographic directions with potential for anisotropic superconductivity and magnetism, leading to possible new physics and applications. Although LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 are both insulators, when they are brought together at a (100) interface, a highly conducting two-dimensional electron gas forms between them. Annandi et al. show that this also happens at a (110) interface, counter to expectations that it should not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Annadi
- NUSNNI-Nanocore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
184
|
Liu YP, Zhao YL, Feng T, Cheng GG, Zhang BH, Li Y, Cai XH, Luo XD. Melosuavines A-H, cytotoxic bisindole alkaloid derivatives from Melodinus suaveolens. J Nat Prod 2013; 76:2322-2329. [PMID: 24274642 DOI: 10.1021/np4007469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Eight new bisindole alkaloids, melosuavines A-C (1-3), having an aspidosperma-scandine linkage, melosuavines D-F (4-6), possessing an aspidosperma-aspidosperma skeleton, and melosuavines G and H (7 and 8) of the aspidosperma-venalatonine type, tenuicausine (9), and melodinine J (10) were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Melodinus suaveolens. The structures of 1-8 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, and compounds 9 and 10 were identified by comparison with data in the literature. The relative configuration 9 was determined from the ROESY spectrum, and some NMR signals were reassigned. Compounds 1, 2, 4-6, 8, and 10 exhibited low micromolar cytotoxicity against one or more of five human cancer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
185
|
Yu SL, Wang R, Wang R, Wang S, Yao YQ, Zhang D, Zhao YL, Zuo ZT, Xue R, Wang DJJ, Zhao JZ. Accuracy of vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling in identification of feeding arteries in patients with intracranial arteriovenous malformations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 35:65-71. [PMID: 23868147 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Identifying feeding arteries of intracranial AVMs is very important for preoperative evaluation. DSA remains the reference standard for diagnosis but is invasive. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling in identifying feeding arteries of intracranial AVMs by using DSA as the criterion standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen patients with AVMs were examined with vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling and DSA. Three postlabeling delays (postlabeling delay = 1, 1.3, and 1.6 seconds) were applied in 6 patients, and a single postlabeling delay (1 second) was applied in the remainder. Perfusion-weighted images were decoded into individual vascular territories with standard and relative tagging efficiencies, respectively. The supply fraction of each feeding artery to the AVM was calculated. The within-subject ANOVA was applied to compare supply fractions acquired across 3 postlabeling delays. Receiver operating characteristic analysis curves were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling for identifying the feeding arteries of AVMs. RESULTS There were no significant differences in supply fractions of the 3 major arteries to AVMs acquired with 3 postlabeling delays (P > .05). For vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling with standard labeling efficiencies, the area under the receiver operating characteristic analysis curve was 0.942. The optimal cutoff of the supply fraction for identifying feeding arteries was 15.17%, and the resulting sensitivity and specificity were 84.62% and 93.33%, respectively. For vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling with relative labeling efficiencies, the area under the receiver operating characteristic analysis curve was 0.957. The optimal cutoff of the supply fraction was 11.73%, which yielded an 89.74% sensitivity and 93.33% specificity. CONCLUSIONS The contribution fraction of each feeding artery of the AVM can be reliably estimated by using vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling. Vessel-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling with either standard or relative labeling efficiencies offers a high level of diagnostic accuracy compared with DSA for identifying feeding arteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S L Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
186
|
Liu XM, Zhao X, Gao EZ, Zhao YL, Liu Z, Yu ZG. Comparative pharmacokinetics of five saponins after intravenous administration of TSFS injection and TSFS injection plus TFFG in rats under different physiological states. J Pharm Anal 2013; 4:53-62. [PMID: 29403868 PMCID: PMC5761055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sanqi is a popular traditional Chinese medicine and commonly used for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rb1 and Rd are the major active constituents of Sanqi. The purpose of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic behavior of the five active constituents from total saponin from Sanqi when it was used in the blood stasis animals or in combination with Gegen. The concentrations of the five active constituents in rat plasma were determined by an ultra-HPLC–ESI–MS/MS method. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and statistically analyzed using the unpaired student's t-test. It was found that the pharmacokinetic parameters of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 represented a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between the normal rats and the blood stasis rats after administration of total saponin from Sanqi (TSFS). And there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in the pharmacokinetic parameters of all the five constituents between administration of TSFS alone and combined with total flavonoid from Gegen (TFFG) in blood stasis rats. It suggested that the pharmacokinetic behavior of the active constituents from TSFS could be changed when it was used in blood stasis animals or in combination with TFFG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - En-Ze Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
187
|
Abstract
Obesity is currently a worldwide pandemic. Leptin resistance is a main mechanism of obese human and rodents. The downregulation of the long form of the leptin receptor (Lrb) was involved in leptin resistance in diet-induced obese rats. In the studies, we investigated whether arcuate nucleus (ARC) silencing of Lrb would promote diet-induced obesity in rats. Lentiviral vectors expressing Lrb-shRNA were administered to 5-week-old male rats by ARC injection. Following viral delivery, the rats were provided with a high-fat diet (HFD) or a chow diet (CD). After 8 weeks of the diet, serum leptin, and insulin concentrations were measured by RIA, gene expression of Lrb in the ARC was detected by a real-time RT-PCR, and leptin signaling was examined by western blot. The Lrb-shRNA knocked down the expression of Lrb mRNA in infected regions by 54% for the HFD rats and 47% for the CD rats respectively. The Lrb knockdown reduced Stats3 activation and increased expression of Npy mRNA. The rats with reduced Lrb in the ARC showed a significant increase in energy intake and body weight (BW) again when fed with a HFD. By contrast, there were no effects of Lrb reduction on energy intake or BW when rats maintained on a low-fat chow. Our results provide evidence that Lrb knockdown selectively in the ARC promotes diet-induced obesity and associated metabolic complications in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Bian
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Shahekou District, Dalian 116027, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
188
|
Zhao X, Zhao YL, Liu XM, Han W, Yu ZG. Simultaneous determination of six isoflavonoids in rat plasma after administration of total flavonoid from Gegen by ultra-HPLC-MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:984-93. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhi-Guo Yu
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Abstract
Non-classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DM plays an important and unique role in the processing and presentation of exogenous antigens. Polymorphisms of certain genes and frequency of alleles in populations may indicate susceptibility to certain diseases. In this study, the analysis of HLA-DMA and HLA-DMB gene polymorphisms and haplotypes in the Chinese Han population was conducted to obtain population genetic data. HLA-DM typing has been performed previously by other groups by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism and PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe techniques. In this study, we established a TaqMan PCR typing method as an alternative to these techniques to survey the frequency of DMA and DMB alleles in the population. Genotyping was conducted in 1000 unrelated individuals of Han nationality in South and North China using TaqMan PCR typing. Four different DMA alleles and six different DMB alleles were detected. All loci met the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle that both allele and genotype frequencies in a population remain constant. We found that the DMA*01:01 (69.35%) and DMB*01:01 (52.5%) alleles were more frequent in Chinese Hans. Analysis of the haplotypes for two loci of DMA and DMB showed that a highly significant positive linkage disequilibrium (LD) presented for DMA*01:01-DMB*01:02, DMA*01:01-DMB*01:03, DMA*01:01-DMB*01:04, DMA*01:02-DMB*01:01, DMA*01:02-DMB*01:05, DMA*01:03-DMB*01:07, and DMA*01:04-DMB*01:01 haplotypes. Analysis of haplotypes for four loci associated with antigen processing (DMA-DMB-TAP1-TAP2) showed a highly significant LD in DMA*01:01-DMB*01:04-TAP1*02:01:01-TAP2*01:02, DMA*01: 02-DMB*01:05-TAP1*01:01-TAP2*01:01, and DMA*01:01-DMB*01:03-TAP1* 04:01-TAP2*01:01 haplotypes. The comparison between the Chinese Han population and non-Chinese populations showed that no significant differences were found at the HLA-DMA locus in the Chinese Han population compared with people of German nationality, whereas significant differences presented when compared with Turkish, American Caucasian, Japanese, French, and Italian nationalities. However, at the HLA-DMB locus, highly significant differences presented in the Chinese Han population compared with Germans and Italians. This study lays the foundations for further disease association analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L Feng
- Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
190
|
Zhao YL, Fan RH, Yuan HX, Yu M, Bi KS, Yu ZG. Development of the fingerprints for the quality evaluation of Viscum coloratum by high Performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Anal 2012; 1:113-118. [PMID: 29403689 PMCID: PMC5760766 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-1779(11)70020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-Performance liquid chromatography coupled ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method was developed for a chemical fingerprint analysis of Viscum coloratum. Eighteen peaks were selected as the common peaks and Homoeriodictyol-7-0-β-D-apiosiyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucoside was used as a reference. The relative areas of common peaks were used for hierarchical clustering analysis and similarity calculation. Thirty-seven samples collected from different sources were classified into five groups. The similarities of 21 batches Viscum coloratum samples were beyond 0.90. The results obtained suggest that the Chromatographie fingerprint can efficiently identify Viscum coloratum. Additionally, the fingerprints can then be used to evaluate the correlation between Viscum coloratum and hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Li Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.,Pharmaland Technology Development Co., Ltd, Tianjin Economic Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Rong-Hua Fan
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hong-Xia Yuan
- Shanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Yu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
191
|
Liu ZQ, Leusink DP, Wang X, Lü WM, Gopinadhan K, Annadi A, Zhao YL, Huang XH, Zeng SW, Huang Z, Srivastava A, Dhar S, Venkatesan T. Metal-insulator transition in SrTiO(3-x) thin films induced by frozen-out carriers. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:146802. [PMID: 22112172 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.146802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report optical, electrical and magnetotransport properties of oxygen deficient SrTiO(3) (SrTiO(3-x)) thin films fabricated by pulsed laser deposition technique. The oxygen vacancies (O(vac)) in the thin film are expected to be uniform. By comparing its electrical properties to those of bulk SrTiO(3-x), it was found that O(vac) in bulk SrTiO(3-x) is far from uniform over the whole material. The metal-insulator transition (MIT) observed in the SrTiO(3-x) film was found to be induced by the carrier freeze-out effect. The low temperature frozen state can be reexcited by Joule heating, electric and intriguingly magnetic field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Q Liu
- NUSNNI-Nanocore, National University of Singapore, 117542 Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
192
|
Zhao YL, Xiang Q, Shi QY, Li SY, Tan L, Wang JT, Jin XG, Luo AL. GABAergic excitotoxicity injury of the immature hippocampal pyramidal neurons' exposure to isoflurane. Anesth Analg 2011; 113:1152-60. [PMID: 21918167 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318230b3fd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Certain anesthetics exhibit neurotoxicity in the brains of immature but not mature animals. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult brain, is excitatory on immature neurons via its action at the GABAA receptor, depolarizing the membrane potential and inducing a cytosolic Ca2+ increase ([Ca2+]i), because of a reversed transmembrane chloride gradient. Recent experimental data from several rodent studies have demonstrated that exposure to isoflurane during an initial phase causes neuronal excitotoxicity and apoptosis. GABAA receptor-mediated synaptic voltage-dependent calcium channels' (VDCCs) overactivation and Ca2+ influx are involved in these neural changes. METHODS We monitored [Ca2+]i using Fluo-4 AM fluorescence imaging. Using whole-cell patch clamp techniques, IVDCC (voltage-dependent calcium channel currents) were recorded from primary cultures of rat hippocampal neurons (5-day culture) exposed to isoflurane. To further investigate the neurotoxicity of high cytosolic-free calcium after isoflurane in a dose- and time-dependent manner, the possibility of increased caspase-3 levels was evaluated by Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical significance was assessed using the Student t test or 1-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey post hoc test. RESULTS Under control conditions, isoflurane enhanced the GABA-induced [Ca2+]i increase in a dose-dependent manner. Dantrolene and nicardipine markedly inhibited this enhancement mediated by isoflurane. Moreover, in Ca2+-free media, pretreatment with isoflurane did not show any influence on the caffeine-induced increase of [Ca2+]i. Similarly, using whole-cell recording, isoflurane increased the peak amplitude of IVDCC in the cultured neurons from rat hippocampus by depolarization pulses. Isoflurane (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 minimum alveolar concentration [MAC]) potentiated IVDCC peak current amplitude by 109.11%±9.03%, 120.56%±11.46%, 141.33%±13.87%, and 146.78%±15.87%, respectively. To analyze variation in protein levels, the effect of treatments with isoflurane on caspase-3 activity was dose- and time-dependent, reaching a maximal caspase-3 activity after exposure to 1 MAC for 6 hours (P<0.001). However, in the mRNA levels, hippocampal caspase-3 mRNA levels began to be significantly increased in isoflurane-treated developing rat hippocampal neurons after 6 hours of exposure to 0.25 MAC isoflurane (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Isoflurane-mediated enhancement of GABA-triggered [Ca2+]i release results from membrane depolarization with subsequent activation of VDCCs and further Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from the ryanodine-sensitizing Ca2+ store. An increase in [Ca2+]i, caused by activation of the GABAA receptor and opening of VDCCs, is necessary for isoflurane-induced calcium overload of immature rat hippocampal neurons, which may be involved in the mechanism of an isoflurane-induced neurotoxic effect in the developing rodent brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 JieFang Rd., Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
193
|
Yang WW, Zhang HF, Jia YR, Zhao T, Zhao YL, Tong LJ, Sun LX. Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction for the determination of nimesulide in human plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Pharmazie 2011; 66:564-569. [PMID: 21901977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) method in combination with HPLC-UV for the determination of nimesulide in human plasma was developed and validated. A small volume of dihexyl ether contained within a polypropylene hollow fiber was used for the extraction of nimesulide from acidified plasma solutions. Factors affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized and discussed. With HPLC-UV as the end analysis technique, the procedure was validated for nimesulide in the concentration range of 50-5000 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-assay precisions were less than 9.1%, and accuracy was within 3.2%. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 50 ng/mL. Enrichment factor from 144-fold to 156-fold was achieved at three quality control (QC) concentrations. The mean extraction recovery was greater than 41.2%. This method was successfully applied for the evaluation of pharmacokinetics of nimesulide after single oral doses of 100 mg nimesulide to six healthy Chinese volunteers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W W Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
194
|
Shang JH, Cai XH, Zhao YL, Feng T, Luo XD. Pharmacological evaluation of Alstonia scholaris: anti-tussive, anti-asthmatic and expectorant activities. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 129:293-298. [PMID: 20381600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2009] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alstonia scholaris (Apocynaceae) was documented as an effective herb for the treatment of chronic respiratory diseases in "dai" ethnopharmacy historically, and its leaf crude extract, used for releasing tracheitis and cold symptom, was approved to be a commercial formulation by State Food and Drugs Administration of China (SFDA). AIM OF THE STUDY The investigation evaluates the anti-tussive and anti-asthmatic activities of the ethanolic extract, fractions and main alkaloids of Alstonia scholaris leaf to provide experimental evidence for its traditional and modern clinical use. For our most interesting, is to reveal the active components for further new drug development. MATERIALS AND METHODS The leaf of Alstonia scholaris was extracted with ethanol and then separated into different fractions. Furthermore, alkaloids were isolated by phytochemical method. The anti-tussive activity was evaluated using three different models including ammonia or sulfur dioxide induced mice coughing, and citric acid induced guinea pigs coughing. The anti-asthmatic activity was investigated on guinea pigs bronchoconstraction induced by histamine. The expectorant activity was evaluated by volume of phenol red in mice's tracheas. RESULTS The alkaloids fraction significantly inhibited mice's frequency of cough induced by ammonia, increased mice's latent period of cough induced by sulfur dioxide, and increased guinea pigs' latent period of cough and inhibited frequency of cough. Besides, the alkaloids fraction increased delitescence of convulsion, and tumble of guinea pigs in anti-asthmatic test, and enhanced tracheal phenol red output in expectorant evaluation. Moreover, the main alkaloid, picrinine exhibited anti-tussive and anti-asthmatic activities in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The alkaloids fraction was anti-tussive, anti-asthmatic and expectorant activities component of Alstonia scholaris leaf, and it may also be a valuable lead material for respiratory diseases drug development. Picrinine, the main anti-tussive and anti-asthmatic compound, could be applied in quality control of products from Alstonia scholaris leaf.
Collapse
|
195
|
Shang JH, Cai XH, Feng T, Zhao YL, Wang JK, Zhang LY, Yan M, Luo XD. Pharmacological evaluation of Alstonia scholaris: anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 129:174-81. [PMID: 20219658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alstonia scholaris (Apocynaceae) has been historically used in "dai" ethnopharmacy to treat chronic respiratory diseases. The leaf extract, developed as a commercially available traditional Chinese medicine, used to release tracheitis and cold symptom, has also been prescribed in hospitals and sold over the counter in drug stores. AIM OF THE STUDY The investigation evaluated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the ethanolic extract, fractions and main alkaloids of Alstonia scholaris leaf to provide experimental evidence for its traditional and modern clinical use. Besides, to discover the active fraction and components for further better use in Chinese medicine is hopeful. MATERIALS AND METHODS The leaf of Alstonia scholaris was extracted with ethanol and then separated into different fractions. Furthermore, alkaloids were isolated by phytochemical method. The analgesic activities were investigated using acetic acid-induced writhing, hot-plate and formalin tests in mice. The anti-inflammatory activities were carried out in vivo and in vitro, including xylene-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced air pouch formation in mice, and COX-1, -2 and 5-LOX inhibition. RESULTS It has been exhibited that the EtOAc and alkaloid fractions reduced acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice, significantly. The ethanolic extract, EtOAc and alkaloid fractions remarkably inhibited xylene-induced ear edema. Further investigation was focused on the alkaloids fraction and three main alkaloids isolated from the alkaloids fraction, in different animal models. Alkaloids reduced acetic acid-induced writhing response, and xylene-induced ear edema in mice. In the hot-plate test, alkaloids did not increase the latency period of mice obviously. In the formalin test, alkaloids did not inhibit the licking time in first phase, but significantly inhibited the licking time in second phase of mice. Alkaloids increased significantly SOD activity and decreased levels of NO, PGE2 and MDA significantly, in air pouch mice model. Moreover, some alkaloids isolated from the leaf of Alstonia scholaris exhibited inhibition of COX-1, COX-2 and 5-LOX in vitro anti-inflammatory assay, which supported alkaloids as the bioactive fraction. CONCLUSIONS The alkaloids fraction of Alstonia scholaris leaf, three main alkaloids, picrinine, vallesamine and scholaricine, may produce the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect peripherally based on several in vivo assays. In in vitro tests, alkaloids exhibited inhibition of inflammatory mediators (COX-1, COX-2 and 5-LOX), which is accordant with results on animal models. Besides, COX-2/5-LOX dual inhibitors found in the experiment, such as 16-formyl-5alpha-methoxystrictamine, picralinal, and tubotaiwine might be valuable for further attention.
Collapse
|
196
|
Zhao JZ, Zhou LF, Zhou DB, Wang RZ, Wang M, Wang DJ, Wang S, Yuan G, Kang S, Ji N, Zhao YL, Ye X. Computed tomography-guided aspiration versus key-hole craniotomy for spontaneous putaminal haemorrhage: a prospective comparison of minimally invasive procedures. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15:274-279. [PMID: 19652234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness of two minimally invasive procedures, namely computed tomography-guided aspiration and the key-hole approach, in the neurosurgical management for spontaneous putaminal haemorrhage, and to explore the indications for the two approaches. DESIGN A multicentre, single-blinded controlled trial. SETTING Hospitals taking part in this trial and the sources for patients were from China. Among others, the hospitals involved in the interventions included: the Beijing Tiantan Hospital (of the Capital University of Medical Sciences), the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, the Peking Union Hospital, and the Shanghai Huashan Hospital (of the Fudan University medical school). PATIENTS From September 2001 to November 2003, data were available for analysis from a total of 841 patients with spontaneous putaminal haemorrhage from 135 hospitals all over China (except Tibet, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macao). All follow-up data were for at least 3 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mortality, Glasgow Coma Scale score, postoperative complications, Kanofsky Performance Scale score, and Barthel Index. RESULTS There were 563 patients who underwent computed tomography-guided aspiration, and 165 were treated by the key-hole approach. Respective mortality rates 1 month after the operation were 17.9% and 18.3%; at 3 months they were 19.4% and 19.4%. In those undergoing computed tomography-guided aspiration, mortality rates at 3 months after the operation were 28.2% in patients with Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 8 or below, as opposed to 8.2% in those with higher scores. This amounted to a 3.4-fold difference. In those treated by the key-hole approach, the corresponding rates were 30.2% and 7.6%, which amounted to a 4-fold difference. The corresponding mortality at 3 months in patients with complications was 3.9 times as great as in those without complications. In those with haematoma volumes of 70 mL or greater, it was 2.7 times as much as in those in whom the volumes below 30 mL. The postoperative complication rate of computed tomography-guided aspiration (23.7%) did not differ significantly from that in those having the key-hole approach (25.7%) [P=0.420]. CONCLUSIONS Computed tomography-guided aspiration is not superior to the key-hole approach for treating spontaneous putaminal haemorrhage in terms of favourable outcomes, mortality, and morbidity. However, it could be the first-choice approach for those with bleeds of 50 mL or less, while the key-hole approach may be more suitable for those with larger haematomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Z Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
197
|
Yu WF, Zhao YL, Wang K, Dong MM. Inhibition of cell proliferation and arrest of cell cycle progression by blocking chloride channels in human laryngeal cancer cell line Hep-2. Neoplasma 2009; 56:224-9. [PMID: 19309225 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2009_03_224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chloride channel (ClC) is involved in normal physiological processes and pathology of various diseases. Although it is recognized that blockade of ClC inhibits the cell proliferation, it is not well understood the potential function of ClC in laryngeal cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of the ClC inhibitor on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression in human laryngeal cancer cell line Hep-2, as well as the effect on the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and AKT1. In this study crystal violet method was used to study the effect of the ClC inhibitor, 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid, NPPB, on Hep-2 cell proliferation. The impaction of the inhibitor on the cell cycle distribution was investigated by the flow cytometry (FCM). Western blot was performed to measure the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and AKT1. Our data indicated ClC played an important role in Hep-2 cell proliferation and cell cycle. NPPB inhibited Hep-2 cell proliferation when compared with the controls. Blockade of ClC arrested cell cycle progression and suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and AKT1 in Hep-2 cells by inhibition of cell proliferation by CIC inhibitor (NPPB) could be through arresting cell cycle progression, which is probably by suppressing phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and AKT1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W F Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
198
|
Zhao YL, Liu YH, Jiang GL, Chan WY, Yip CW, Kam KM. Variations in quality of carbol fuchsin stains collected from routine tuberculosis laboratories. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009; 13:126-129. [PMID: 19105890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING In-use carbol fuchsin stains were collected from 10 different routine acid-fast bacilli smear microscopy laboratories. OBJECTIVE To examine the variations in the composition of carbol fuchsin stains. METHOD Carbol fuchsin concentrations were first determined spectrophotometrically by measuring absorbance at 547 nm. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separated and quantified the four basic fuchsin homologues: para-rosaniline, rosaniline, magenta II and new fuchsin, and identity was confirmed by mass spectrometry (MS). RESULTS Absorbance measurement showed that three of 10 (30%) samples contained insufficient carbol fuchsin (<70%). Wide variations in relative proportions of fuchsin homologues were found. CONCLUSION The relative abundance of rosaniline + new fuchsin was quite stable among the different laboratories. Spectrophotometry and HPLC/MS are necessary and sensitive tools for monitoring fuchsin quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Zhao
- National Reference Laboratory, Beijing Chest Disease and Tumour Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
199
|
Calaf GM, Echiburú-Chau C, Zhao YL, Hei TK. BigH3 protein expression as a marker for breast cancer. Int J Mol Med 2008; 21:561-568. [PMID: 18425347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The current hypothesis of tumorigenesis in humans suggests that cancer cells acquire their hallmarks of malignancy through the accumulation of advantageous gene activation and inactivation events over long periods of time. For breast cancer development, this multistep process may manifest itself as a sequence of pathologically defined stages. It is widely held that breast cancer originates at the premalignant stage of atypical ductal hyperplasia, progresses to the preinvasive stage of ductal carcinoma in situ, and culminates in the potentially lethal stage of invasive ductal carcinoma. Tumor grade has been a highly valuable prognostic factor for breast cancer, and high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ lesions are associated with poor clinical outcome. The aim of this work was to investigate the BigH3 protein expression changes associated with various stages of breast cancer progression in comparison to benign specimens using tissue microarray technology. Pathological characteristics of breast tissues ranged from benign lesions to breast cancers either of lobular or ductal carcinomas in origin, and included in situ ductal carcinomas, lobular carcinomas, infiltrating ductal carcinomas, carcinomas, scirrhous carcinomas, adenocarcinomas and infiltrating colloid carcinomas. BigH3 protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 192 cases of breast tumors. Results indicated a decrease in BigH3 protein expression from benign tissues to in situ ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma, infiltrating ductal carcinomas, carcinomas, scirrhous carcinoma, adenocarcinomas to infiltrating colloid carcinomas. We observed that the benign tissue had a 23-fold increase in BigH3 protein expression compared to the infiltrating colloid carcinoma which was the most malignant tissue analyzed. In summary, these studies confirmed the suppressor effect of the BigH3 gene expressed as protein expression in those processes related to the progression of breast tumorigenesis. We conclude that this protein can be used as a marker for breast cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M Calaf
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
200
|
Yang ZB, Zhao YL, Li N, Yang J. Effect of waterborne copper on the microstructures and ultrastructure of the X-organ sinus gland complex in Eriocheir sinensis. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2008; 80:68-73. [PMID: 18058047 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-007-9318-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2006] [Accepted: 11/14/2006] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The effects of different water-borne copper (Cu(2+)) concentrations on the microstructures and ultrastructures of the X-Organ sinus gland (XO/SG) in Eriocheir sinensis were studied. Under a light microscope, no significant differences were found between the treated and control groups. Under Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), the mitochondrial cristae in the neuro-terminal of the XO of the 5.00 mg/L Cu(2+) treated group disappeared, or even only a few vacuoles left. No other differences were found in SG between the 0.01, 0.10, and 1.00 mg/L Cu(2+) treated and the control group under light microscopy, except for the 5.00 mg/L Cu(2+) treated groups, in which the boundary between the SG hemocoels and glial cells became unclear, and some central hemocoels closed and even disintegrated. In addition, in the 5.00 mg/L Cu(2+) treated groups the hemocytes mixed with the glial cells, axon terminal disordered arranged, and furthermore, under the TEM glial cells ruptured, mitochondrial cristae disappeared, or even remained only a vacuoles. Such a change also occurred in the mitochondria in the axon terminal. In some of the glial cells the structure of the membrane disintegrated, the cytoplasm disappeared, and the nucleus entered the haemocoels being piled together with the hemocytes. The axon terminal and neurosecretory granular decreased near the amorphous figurationling of the haemolymph. The results indicate that the damage to the microstructure and ultrastructure of the XO/SG was relevant to the elevated water-borne copper concentration in E. sinensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z B Yang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 201101, PR China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|