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Zhao ZH, Yao ZH, Lin SJ, Chu G, Mu KQ, Wang Y, Bi KS, Wang TJ, Li Q, Liu R. Leonurus Japonicus Houtt. (Motherwort): Systematic research through chemical profiling, stability under controlled conditions and pharmacokinetic analysis on screening Q-markers for quality control. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 213:114707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Li Q, Liu R, Zhu LL, Yu CY, Shuai YP, Sun LL, Bi KS. Quantitative evaluation of the compatibility effects of aidi injection on the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma using targeted metabolomics: A new strategy on the mechanism study of an anticancer compound in traditional chinese medicine. World J Tradit Chin Med 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_86_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Guo LX, Tong Y, Wang J, Yin G, Huang HS, Zeng L, Wang P, Li JP, Bi KS, Wang TJ. Determination and Comparison of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Serum and Colon Content Samples: Alzheimer's Disease Rat as a Case Study. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235739. [PMID: 33291848 PMCID: PMC7729479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main microbial fermentation products from dietary fibers in the colon, and it has been speculated that they play a key role in keeping healthy in the whole-body. However, differences in SCFAs concentration in the serum and colon samples had attracted little attention. In this study, we have optimized the extract and analysis methods for the determination of ten SCFAs in both serum and colon content samples. Methanol and acetonitrile were chosen for extraction of SCFAs from serum and colon content samples, respectively. Biological samples were collected from Alzheimer's disease rats treated by extract of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (SC-extract) were taken as research objects. The results showed that, the relative peak intensities of SCFAs in the colon content from all groups were quite similar, and the trend was identical in the serum samples. Compared with the values in humans, the ratio of ten SCFAs in rat's colon was similar, while the percent of acetate in rat's serum was significantly higher. For therapy of Alzheimer's disease (AD), SC-extract decreased the concentration of butyrate, 3-Methyvalerate, and caproate in the serum samples towards the trend of normal rats. This study may help our understanding of how SCFAs are transported across colonic epithelium in healthy and diseased organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Xiu Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China; (L.-X.G.); (Y.T.); (J.W.); (G.Y.); (H.-S.H.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (J.-P.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yue Tong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China; (L.-X.G.); (Y.T.); (J.W.); (G.Y.); (H.-S.H.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (J.-P.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China; (L.-X.G.); (Y.T.); (J.W.); (G.Y.); (H.-S.H.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Guo Yin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China; (L.-X.G.); (Y.T.); (J.W.); (G.Y.); (H.-S.H.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Hou-Shuang Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China; (L.-X.G.); (Y.T.); (J.W.); (G.Y.); (H.-S.H.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Long Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China; (L.-X.G.); (Y.T.); (J.W.); (G.Y.); (H.-S.H.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Ping Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China; (L.-X.G.); (Y.T.); (J.W.); (G.Y.); (H.-S.H.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Jun-Peng Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China; (L.-X.G.); (Y.T.); (J.W.); (G.Y.); (H.-S.H.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Correspondence: (K.-S.B.); (T.-J.W.); Tel.: +86-024-4352-0012 (K.-S.B.); +86-755-2603-1728 (T.-J.W.)
| | - Tie-Jie Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China; (L.-X.G.); (Y.T.); (J.W.); (G.Y.); (H.-S.H.); (L.Z.); (P.W.); (J.-P.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Correspondence: (K.-S.B.); (T.-J.W.); Tel.: +86-024-4352-0012 (K.-S.B.); +86-755-2603-1728 (T.-J.W.)
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Han K, Rong W, Wang Q, Qu J, Li Q, Bi K, Liu R. Time-dependent metabolomics study of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and its treatment: focus on the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:7195-7209. [PMID: 32783128 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02852-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a common cerebrovascular disease with high mortality, and thrombolysis can cause more severe reperfusion injury. In clinical practice, Ginkgo biloba dispersible tablets combined with nimodipine have been widely used to reduce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, but the mechanism has not been clearly elucidated. To explore this relationship, the change in metabolism between a sham operation group, a model group and an administration group was analyzed for the period after cerebral ischemia. Biochemical assays were used to assess injury extent and the therapeutic effects of different dosing regimens. A metabolomics method based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was developed to screen biomarkers in plasma of rats and analyze abnormal metabolic pathways. Using statistical analysis, corticosterone, glutamine, oleic acid, isoleucine, phenylalanine and sphingomyelin (d18:1/16:0) were screened as diagnostic biomarkers. The metabolic pathways perturbed by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion involved phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, retinol metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Analysis of the adjustment of biomarkers at different time points showed that the best time to evaluate the efficacy of combined administration is about 6 h after administration. Both pathological characteristics and metabolomics confirmed the better effect of the combined group than the individual groups. In this study, a non-targeted metabolomics method was developed to explore the mechanism of action of the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion treatment, providing a theoretical basis for disease prognosis and treatment options. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiwei Rong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - JiaMeng Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - KaiShun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China.
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Wang TY, Li Q, Bi KS. Bioactive flavonoids in medicinal plants: Structure, activity and biological fate. Asian J Pharm Sci 2017; 13:12-23. [PMID: 32104374 PMCID: PMC7032191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 443] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, a class of polyphenol secondary metabolites, are presented broadly in plants and diets. They are believed to have various bioactive effects including anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-aging, etc. Their basic structures consist of C6-C3-C6 rings with different substitution patterns to produce a series of subclass compounds, and correlations between chemical structures and bioactivities have been studied before. Given their poor bioavailability, however, information about associations between structure and biological fate is limited and urgently needed. This review therefore attempts to bring some order into relationships between structure, activity as well as pharmacokinetics of bioactive flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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Gu L, Shi H, Zhang R, Wei Z, Bi KS, Chen XH. Simultaneous Determination of Five Specific and Sensitive Nephrotoxicity Biomarkers in Serum and Urine Samples of Four Drug-Induced Kidney Injury Models. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 55:60-68. [PMID: 27993865 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In clinical diagnosis, serum creatinine (CR) was commonly used as the routine markers for the evaluation of kidney injury. To investigate the specific and sensitive nephrotoxicity biomarkers in different drug-induced kidney injury (DKI) models, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied in this study. The quantification data were acquired by the LC-MS determination. Histopathology results showed that different kinds of kidney injuries were observed in different DKI models (gentamycin, cisplatin, methotrexate and amphotericin B models), indicating the injuries might be caused by different mechanisms. Then, five typical biomarkers were simultaneously determined by a newly developed and validated LC-MS method. Uric acid, CR, hippuric acid, 3-indoxyl sulfate and phenaceturic acid were separated by an Apollo C18 column and a methanol/water (5 mM ammonium acetate) gradient program. The prepared calibration curves showed good linearity with regression coefficients all above 0.9927. Of all the analytes, the precision were below 9.9% and the accuracy were from -10.3% to 9.2%. ROC results showed that different nephrotoxicity biomarkers were specific in different DKI models. The changes of different biomarkers might be induced by different nephrotoxic mechanisms in the DKI models. These specific and sensitive biomarkers in combination with serum CR are promising in the clinical diagnosis of DKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huiyan Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ruowen Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Stem Cell Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 777 Shelby interdisciplinary biomedical building, 1825 university boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294-2182, USA
| | - Zhe Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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Lu XF, Zhan J, Zhou Y, Bi KS, Chen XH. Use of a semi-physiological pharmacokinetic model to investigate the influence of itraconazole on tacrolimus absorption, distribution and metabolism in mice. Xenobiotica 2016; 47:752-762. [PMID: 27533047 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1226003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of itraconazole (ITCZ) on tacrolimus absorption, distribution and metabolism by developing a semi-physiological pharmacokinetic model of tacrolimus in mice. 2. Mice were randomly divided into four groups, namely control group (CG, taking 3 mg kg-1 tacrolimus only), low-dose group (LDG, taking tacrolimus with 12.5 mg kg-1 ITCZ), medium-dose group (MDG, taking tacrolimus with 25 mg kg-1 ITCZ) and high-dose group (HDG, taking tacrolimus with 50 mg kg-1 ITCZ). 3. Liver clearance (CLli) decreased significantly (**p < 0.01) in LDG (35.3%), MDG (45.2%) and HDG (58.7%) mice compared to CG mice. With respect to gut clearance (CLgu), significant (**p < 0.01) decrease was also revealed in LDG (35.9%), MDG (50.2%) and HDG (64.6%) mice. A significant (**p < 0.01) higher tacrolimus brain-to-blood partition coefficient (Kt,br) was found in MDG (25.3%) and HDG (55.9%) mice than in CG mice. Moreover, a significant (*p < 0.05) increase (16.3%) was found in the absorption rate constant (Ka) in HDG mice compared to CG mice. There was a significant (**p < 0.01) association between ITCZ dose and the change in CLgu (ΔCLgu, r= -0.790), the change in CLli (ΔCLli, r= -0.787) and the change in Kt,br (ΔKt,br, r = 0.727), while the association between ITCZ dose and the change in Ka (ΔKa) was not significant (p > 0.05). 4. These findings could be useful in predicting the efficacy and toxicity of tacrolimus, and drug-drug interaction of ITCZ and tarcolimus in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Lu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Jian Zhan
- b Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China , and
| | - Yang Zhou
- c Department of Measurement and Control , School of Physics, Liaoning University , Shenyang , China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
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Lu XF, Zhou Y, Bi KS, Chen XH. Mixed effects of OATP1B1, BCRP and NTCP polymorphisms on the population pharmacokinetics of pravastatin in healthy volunteers. Xenobiotica 2016; 46:841-9. [PMID: 26744986 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1130881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
1. Pravastatin is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor used for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia. This study aims to investigate the effects of genetic polymorphisms in OATP1B1, BCRP and NTCP on pravastatin population pharmacokinetics in healthy Chinese volunteers using a non-linear mixed-effect modelling (NONMEM) approach. A two-compartment model with a first-order absorption and elimination described plasma pravastatin concentrations well. 2. Genetic polymorphisms of rs4149056 (OATP1B1) and rs2306283 (OATP1B1) were found to be associated with a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in the apparent clearance from the central compartment (CL/F), while rs2296651 (NTCP) increased CL/F to a significant degree (p < 0.01). The combination of these three polymorphisms reduced the inter-individual variability of CL/F by 78.8%. 3. There was minimal effect of rs2231137 (BCRP) and rs2231142 (BCRP) on pravastatin pharmacokinetics (0.01 < p < 0.05), whereas rs11045819 (OATP1B1), rs1061018 (BCRP) and rs61745930 (NTCP) genotypes do not appear to be associated with pravastatin pharmacokinetics based on the population model (p > 0.05). 4. The current data suggest that the combination of rs4149056, rs2306283 and rs2296651 polymorphisms is an important determinant of pravastatin pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Lu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China and
| | - Yang Zhou
- b Department of Measurement and Control , School of Physics, Liaoning University , Shenyang , China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China and
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China and
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Chen KL, Bi KS, Han F, Zhu HY, Zhang XS, Mao XJ, Yin R. Evaluation of the protective effect of Zhi-Zi-da-Huang decoction on acute liver injury with cholestasis induced by α-naphthylisothiocyanate in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 172:402-409. [PMID: 26163196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zhi-Zi-Da-Huang decoction (ZZDHD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula composed of four herbal medicines, has been widely used to treat various hepatobiliary disorders for a long time in China. However, the pharmacological effect of ZZDHD on liver injury with cholestasis is unrevealed. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of ZZDHD against α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced liver injury with cholestasis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were intragastrically (i.g.) given ZZDHD at doses of 1, 2 and 4 g/kg (crude drug/body weight) once a day for seven days and treated with ANIT (75 mg/kg via i.g.) to cause liver injury at 12h after the fifth administration. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GTP), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and total bile acid (TBA), as well as bile flow were measured at 48 h after ANIT treatment to evaluate the protective effect of ZZDHD. Moreover, the possible protective mechanisms were elucidated by assays of liver enzyme activities and component contents including malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), lipid peroxide (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT). The biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination. Ultra fast liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS) was used for the phytochemical analysis of ZZDHD. RESULTS The high dose (4 g/kg) and middle dose (2g/kg) of ZZDHD exhibited significant and dose-dependent protective effect on ANIT-induced liver injury with cholestasis by reversing the changes in bile flow, the serum and hepatic enzymes, and histopathology of the liver tissue. Meanwhile, it was found that the low dose (1g/kg) of ZZDHD did not improve the biochemical indexes except serum TBIL, DBIL and TBA, which showed little protective effect. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of sixteen compounds in ZZDHD. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that ZZDHD exerted a hepatoprotective effect on ANIT-induced liver injury with cholestasis in rats, and the mechanism of this activity is possibly related to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Lin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - He-Yun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical College, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Xiao-Shu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xin-Juan Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ran Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Zhang YW, Li Q, Lv CX, Liu XJ, Chen XH, Bi KS. Simultaneous determination of four active components in Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz. by HPLC-DAD using a single reference standard. J Pharm Anal 2015; 5:85-92. [PMID: 29403919 PMCID: PMC5761483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid, simple and practical high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was developed to evaluate the quality of Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz. through a simultaneous determination of four major active triterpenes using a single standard to determine the multi-components (SSDMCs). Alisol B 23-acetate was selected as the reference compound for calculating the relative response factors. All calibration curves showed good linearity (R2>0.9998) within test ranges. RSDs for intra- and inter-day of four analytes were less than 3.6% and 2.3%; the overall recovery was 92.1-110.2% (SSDMC). The proposed method was successfully applied to quantify the four components in 20 samples from different localities in China. Moreover, significant variations were demonstrated in the content of these compounds. In addition, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were performed to differentiate and classify the samples based on the contents of Alisol C 23-acetate, Alisol A, Alisol A 24-acetate and Alisol B 23-acetate. This simple, rapid, low-cost and reliable HPLC-DAD method using SSDMC is suitable for routine quantitative analysis and quality control of A. orientale (Sam.) Juz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Liaoning Institute for Drug Control, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiu-Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Li ZY, Ding LL, Li JM, Xu BL, Yang L, Bi KS, Wang ZT. ¹H-NMR and MS based metabolomics study of the intervention effect of curcumin on hyperlipidemia mice induced by high-fat diet. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120950. [PMID: 25786031 PMCID: PMC4364983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a principle bioactive component of Curcuma longa L, is well known for its anti-hyperlipidemia effect. However, no holistic metabolic information of curcumin on hyperlipidemia models has been revealed, which may provide us an insight into the underlying mechanism. In the present work, NMR and MS based metabolomics was conducted to investigate the intervention effect of curcumin on hyperlipidemia mice induced by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for 12 weeks. The HFD induced animals were orally administered with curcumin (40, 80 mg/kg) or lovastatin (30 mg/kg, positive control) once a day during the inducing period. Serum biochemistry assay of TC, TG, LDL-c, and HDL-c was conducted and proved that treatment of curcumin or lovastatin can significantly improve the lipid profiles. Subsequently, metabolomics analysis was carried out for urine samples. Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was employed to investigate the anti-hyperlipidemia effect of curcumin and to detect related potential biomarkers. Totally, 35 biomarkers were identified, including 31 by NMR and nine by MS (five by both). It turned out that curcumin treatment can partially recover the metabolism disorders induced by HFD, with the following metabolic pathways involved: TCA cycle, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, synthesis of ketone bodies and cholesterol, ketogenesis of branched chain amino acid, choline metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism. Besides, NMR and MS based metabolomics proved to be powerful tools in investigating pharmacodynamics effect of natural products and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yun Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Ding
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Mei Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bao-Li Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (KSB); (ZTW)
| | - Zheng-Tao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (KSB); (ZTW)
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Qian YX, Yang Y, Zhao W, Bi KS. [Analysis on influential factors in China's exports of primary and semi-finished products of traditional Chinese medicine to ASEAN]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2014; 39:1321-1325. [PMID: 25011277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two regression models, based on panel data over the period of 2000-2011, are built and used to analyze what factors determine China's exports of primary and semi-finished products of traditional Chinese medicine to ASEAN. The results indicate that, China GDP, the ratio of ASEAN to China GDP per capita, average export price, the ratio of state-owned assets to total assets, have a significant positive influence on the export volumes of primary products of Chinese medicine. At the same time, RMB appreciation, the ratio of three kinds of foreign-invested assets to total assets, China-ASEAN Early Harvest Program, ASEAN-China Free Trade Area have a significant negative influence. In respect of the export volumes of semi-finished products of Chinese medicine, the significant influential factors are ASEAN GDP and the ratio of ASEAN to China GDP per capita. The former is positive and the latter is negative. In order to optimize the commodity composition of experts, it is needed to increase export volumes of both primary and semi-finished products of Chinese medicine. According to the analysis above, some proposals are put forward, such as, improving the performance of foreign capital, playing an exemplary and leading role in technological innovation by state-owned enterprises, taking advantage of bargaining power of suppliers, increasing outward foreign direct investment.
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13
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Wang Y, Guan SH, Meng YH, Zhang YB, Cheng CR, Shi YY, Feng RH, Zeng F, Wu ZY, Zhang JX, Yang M, Liu X, Li Q, Chen XH, Bi KS, Guo DA. Phenanthrenes, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes, bibenzyls with their derivatives, and malate or tartrate benzyl ester glucosides from tubers of Cremastra appendiculata. Phytochemistry 2013; 94:268-276. [PMID: 23820314 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Eleven previously unknown compounds and 23 known compounds, including 20 phenanthrene or 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene derivatives, five bibenzyls, seven malate or tartrate benzyl ester glucosides, adenosine and gastrodin were isolated from tubers of Cremastra appendiculata. Among the obtained compounds, two are the first isolated dimers with one phenanthrene or bibenzyl unit connected to C-3 of 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-phenanthro[2,1-b]furan moiety. In addition, 33 of these compounds were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against two cancer cell lines. Among the compounds examined, one compound showed moderate cytotoxic activity, while five showed weak cytotoxic activity against the A549 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, ZhangJiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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14
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Qian YX, Yang Y, Zhao W, Cui XM, Bi KS. [Analysis on influential factors of Chinese medicinal herb growers' willingness to use green pesticides: evidence on Panax notoginseng production areas in Wenshan, Yunnan province]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2013; 38:3453-3457. [PMID: 24490552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to apply a binary logistic model to analyze the major factors, which influence Chinese medicinal herb growers' willingness to use green pesticides by using survey data collected in Wenshan, Yunnan Province. The results indicate that, output per capita, average pesticide cost per mu, cognition of pesticide residues, expectations on Panax notoginseng prices, cognition of pesticides' effect of pests control, cognition of P. notoginseng prices of low pesticide residues have a significant influence on growers' willingness to use green pesticides. According to the analysis above, some proposals for enhancing Chinese medicinal herb growers' willingness to use green pesticides are put forward, such as, moving toward the intensive planting systems, fetching down the pieces of green pesticides, emphasizing and propagating the advantages of green pesticides, keeping the prices of Chinese medicinal herb running at steady rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xu Qian
- School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiu-Ming Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Li YJ, Li Q, Ma J, Chen QQ, Bi KS. Validation of HPLC method for the determination of polydatin in giant knotweed rhizome. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2013; 48:536-540. [PMID: 23833942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An HPLC method has been developed to determine polydatin in giant knotweed rhizome. In order to systematically validate the method, specificity, precision, linearity of reference solution and test solution, repeatability, reproducibility, accuracy, stability and robustness were measured. In the robustness test, a one-variable-at-a-time procedure was applied to evaluate the influence of slight variations in method factors, including the flow rate, the column temperature, the extraction time, and etc., on the assay result of polydatin. No significant differences were found when the process parameters changed during the experimental domain. And system suitability test limits were defined based on the robustness test. Results showed that the developed method was accurate, reproducible and robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jiao Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Gao WJ, Wang X, Ma CJ, Dai RH, Bi KS, Chen XH. [Comparative study on pharmacokinetics of senkyunolide I after administration of simple recipe and compound recipe in rats]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2013; 38:427-431. [PMID: 23668023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a LC-MS method for the determination of senkyunolide I (SI) in rat plasma, in order to observe whether there is significant change in the pharmacokinetics parameters of complex prescriptions of Huoluoxiaolingdan (HLXL) and single herbal extracts from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. in rats, and assess the effect of other components in HLXL on the pharmacokinetics of SI. METHOD Twelve male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups, and orally administered with extract from HLXL and L. chuanxiong (both equal to SI 4.53 mg x kg(-1)). Their blood was collected at different time points for LC-MS, in order to detect the plasma concentration of SI. The pharmacokinetic parameters of SI were calculated by DAS 2.0 software. SPSS 16.0 software was used for independent-sample T-test and Nonparametric T-test. RESULT A linear relationship of SI ranged from 6.750 to 675.0 microg x L(-1), and with the lowest limit of detection being 6.750 microg L(-1). Both of the plasma concentration-time curves of SI were fitted with the two-compartment model for extract of HLXL and L. chuanxiong. The detected AUC and Cmax of SI showed significant difference, with no significant difference in other parameters. CONCLUSION The LC-MS determination method established in this experiment was so exclusive, accurate and sensitive that it is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies on extracts of HLXL and SI from L. chuanxion. The experiment results show that other ingredients of HLXL have noticeable effect on the absorption of SI in rat plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Zhang JX, Guan SH, Feng RH, Wang Y, Wu ZY, Zhang YB, Chen XH, Bi KS, Guo DA. Neolignanamides, lignanamides, and other phenolic compounds from the root bark of Lycium chinense. J Nat Prod 2013; 76:51-58. [PMID: 23282106 DOI: 10.1021/np300655y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Seven new neolignanamides (1-7), including two pairs of cis- and trans-isomers, and a new lignanamide (8) were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble fraction of an EtOH extract of the root bark of Lycium chinense, together with 22 known phenolic compounds (9-30), four of which were obtained from the genus Lycium for the first time. Compounds 5, 6, and 7 are unusual dimers having a rare connection mode between the two cinnamic acid amide units, while compounds 6, 7, and 8 are the first naturally occurring dimers derived from two dissimilar cinnamic acid amides. The cinnamic acid amides, neolignanamides, and lignanamides possess moderate radical-scavenging activity against the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and superoxide radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xian Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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Yuan Y, Geng LL, Zhuang HF, Meng X, Peng Y, Bi KS, Chen XH. [Screening of hepatotoxicity fraction of Genkwa Flos and study on UPLC fingerprint of hepatotoxicity fraction]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2013; 38:70-74. [PMID: 23596880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To look for the active fraction of ethanol extract of Genkwa Flos (EGF) induced hepatotoxicity and develop an UPLC fingerprint of the active fraction. METHOD Target fraction of EGF induced hepatotoxicity was guided by the serum biochemical and histopathology methods. The UPLC method was applied to establish the chromatographic fingerprint. The separation was achieved on a BEH C18 column (2.1 mm x 50 mm, 1.7 microm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water containing 0.05% phosphate acid running gradient elution. The detection was carried out at 210 nm and the analysis was finished within 10 min. RESULT The chloroform phase of EGF could be responsible for the hepatotoxicity of this herb. The common mode of the UPLC fingerprint was set up under the established condition. There were 17 common peaks in fourteen batches of herbs, eight of which were identified, and the similar degrees of the fourteen batches to the common mode were between 0.890-0.999. CONCLUSION It is easy to locate the chloroform extraction of EGF with hepatotoxicity. And the UPLC fingerprint was developed for the above fraction, which could provide valuable references for safe and effective clinical use of EGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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20
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Liu X, Li H, Bi KS, Chen XH, Cai H, Cai BC. [Identification of metabolites of arbidol by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2012; 47:1521-1526. [PMID: 23387087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UPLC-MS-MS system was used for the identification of arbidol metabolites in the rat feces, urine and plasma samples. The system was so powerful a way with high ability of separation and analysis, based on both chromatography and mass properties. The isotope of Br was also a good indicator for metabolites finding. There were altogether 9 metabolites detected and identified, including 2 phase I biotransformation products and 7 phase II ones. It is concluded that arbidol mainly undergo metabolic reactions such as N-demethylation, S-oxidation, glucuronidation and sulfation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
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21
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Zhao LS, Li Q, Guo CW, Chen XH, Bi KS. [Mass spectrometry technology and its application in analysis of biological samples]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2012; 47:158-162. [PMID: 22512024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
With the excellent merits of wide analytical range, high sensitivity, small sample size, fast analysis speed, good repeatability, simple operation, low mobile phase consumption, as well as its capability of simultaneous isolation and identification, etc, mass spectrometry techniques have become widely used in the area of environmental science, energy chemical industry, biological medicine, and so on. This article reviews the application of mass spectrometry technology in biological sample analysis in the latest three years with the focus on the new applications in pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence, toxicokinetics, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic, population pharmacokinetics, identification and fragmentation pathways of drugs and their metabolites and metabonomics to provide references for further study of biological sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Shan Zhao
- School ofPharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Zhao YL, Fan RH, Yuan HX, Yu M, Bi KS, Yu ZG. Development of the fingerprints for the quality evaluation of Viscum coloratum by high Performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Anal 2012; 1:113-118. [PMID: 29403689 PMCID: PMC5760766 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-1779(11)70020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-Performance liquid chromatography coupled ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method was developed for a chemical fingerprint analysis of Viscum coloratum. Eighteen peaks were selected as the common peaks and Homoeriodictyol-7-0-β-D-apiosiyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucoside was used as a reference. The relative areas of common peaks were used for hierarchical clustering analysis and similarity calculation. Thirty-seven samples collected from different sources were classified into five groups. The similarities of 21 batches Viscum coloratum samples were beyond 0.90. The results obtained suggest that the Chromatographie fingerprint can efficiently identify Viscum coloratum. Additionally, the fingerprints can then be used to evaluate the correlation between Viscum coloratum and hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Li Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.,Pharmaland Technology Development Co., Ltd, Tianjin Economic Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Rong-Hua Fan
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hong-Xia Yuan
- Shanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Yu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Sun HY, Li Q, Chen W, Geng LL, Li X, Chen XH, Bi KS. Pharmacokinetic analysis of alpha and beta epimers of glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma: differences in singly and combined administrations. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2012; 47:94-100. [PMID: 22493812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An HPLC method for the determination of 18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid and 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma was established, which was used subsequently to determine the pharmacokinetic profiles of both epimers of glycyrrhetinic acid in rats. alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid, beta-glycyrrhetinic acid, and a mixture of alpha-glycyrrhetinic and beta-glycyrrhetinic acids were administered to rats via gastric infusion. Blood samples were collected at different time intervals and extracted by liquid-liquid extraction. Separation was achieved by using a Kromasil C18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) with the mobile phase composed of acetonitrile--4 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate solution (46 : 54, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1), and the detection wavelength was set at 250 nm. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the software DAS 2.0. In a combined administration, the main pharmacokinetic parameters of beta-glycyrrhetinic acid are significantly different from that of alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was obtained when administrated individually. Compared to the single administration, significant differences (P < 0.05) on the values of AUC(0-t) and AUC(0-infinity) of beta-glycyrrhetinic acid were observed when this chemical was administrated together with alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid. In contrast, the pharmacokinetic parameters of alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid were not affected even under the co-administration. Here, a sensitive, specific, rapid and reproducible HPLC method was developed for the pharmacokinetic studies of alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid and beta-glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Long ZM, Bi KS, Huo YS, Yan XY, Zhao X, Chen XH. Simultaneous quantification of three iridoids in rat plasma after oral administration of Zhi-zi-chi decoction using LC-MS. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:2854-60. [PMID: 21796788 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 06/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and efficient liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of geniposide, 6α-hydroxygeniposide, and genipin gentiobioside in rat plasma. After the addition of internal standard (I.S.) salidroside and acidification (formic acid, 0.1%), plasma samples were carried out by protein precipitation with acetonitrile and separated on a Kromasil C(18) column (200 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) within a runtime of 15.0 min. The linear ranges were 2-250 ng/mL for both 6α-hydroxygeniposide and genipin gentiobioside and 2-2000 ng/mL for geniposide, respectively. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 2 ng/mL for all the analytes. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics study of geniposide, 6α-hydroxygeniposide, and genipin gentiobioside in rats after oral administration of Zhi-zi-chi decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Long
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
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Liu ZB, Li Q, Li W, Song XW, Rong GP, Zhao YF, Gong P, Bi KS, Chen XH. Determination of Imidol in Rat Plasma by UPLC–MS–MS and Its Application in a Pharmacokinetic Study. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Li ZY, Li Q, Lü J, Ling JH, Yu XH, Chen XH, Bi KS. LC-MS determination and pharmacokinetic study of salidroside in rat plasma after oral administration of suspensions of traditional Chinese medicine Erzhi Wan and Fructus Ligustri lucidi. J Pharm Anal 2011; 1:8-12. [PMID: 29403675 PMCID: PMC5760783 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-1779(11)70002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was developed for the determination of salidroside in rat plasma and study of its pharmacokinetics after oral administration of suspension of Erzhi Wan and Fructus Ligustri lucidi into Wistar rats. Plasma sample of 200 μL was extracted with acetic ether-isopropanol (2:1) and the extraction was performed on a Kromasil C18 column (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase of methanol-water (41:59, v/v) within a run time of 6.0 min. The analyte was monitored with positive electrospray ionization (ESI) by selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The target ions were m/z 323.05 for salidroside and m/z 411.05 for internal Standard (IS) geniposide. A good linear relationship was obtained over the range of 5.0–500.0 ng/mL and the lower limit of quantification was 5.0 ng/mL. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of salidroside in rat plasma after oral administration of suspension of Erzhi Wan and Fructus Ligustri lucidi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiang Lü
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jun-Hong Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xi-Hua Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Fang LN, Chen XH, Wang QD, Zhang D, Zhao JJ, Long ZM, Gong P, Bi KS. A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of PAC-1 in rat plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 54:225-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Che S, Li Q, Huo YS, Chen XH, Bi KS. [RP-HPLC simultaneous determination of five triterpenoid acids in different parts of Poria cocos by UV wavelengths switch]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2010; 45:494-497. [PMID: 21355217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To establish a method for simultaneous determination of dehydrotumulosic acid, polyporenic acid C, 3-epi-dehydrotumulosic acid, dehydropachymic acid and pachymic acid in Poria, a RP-HPLC method detected by UV wavelengths switch had been developed, including 210 nm (48-55 min) for pachymic acid and 241 nm (0-48 min) for dehydrotumulosic acid, polyporenic acid C, 3-epi-dehydrotumulosic acid, dehydropachymic acid, separately. The system consisting of a Kromasil C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) and a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.05% phosphate acid as the mobile phase was adopted; The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The linear response range was 30.5-610.0 microg x mL(-1) (r = 0.999 6) for dehydrotumulosic acid, 12.66-253.2 microg x mL(-1) (r = 0.999 5) for polyporenic acid C, 2.99-59.7 microg x mL(-1) (r = 0.999 7) for 3-epi-dehydrotumulosic acid, 6.13-122.5 microg x mL(-1) (r = 0.999 5) for dehydropachymic acid and 11.3-226.0 microg x mL(-1) (r = 0.9995) for pachymic acid. The average recoveries of these compounds were 98.5% (RSD = 1.9%), 99.4% (RSD = 1.7%), 97.9% (RSD = 1.2%), 96.7% (RSD = 2.5%) and 97.9% (RSD = 2.3%), respectively. The method is simple, accurate and reproducible for quality control of Poria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Che
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Zhou H, Meyerhoff ME, Bi KS, Park SB. Sol-Gel Encapsulation as Matrix for Potentiometric Nitrite-Selective Membranes Doped with Chloro (5, 10, 15, 20-Tetraphenylporphyrinato) Cobalt (III). Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society 2009. [DOI: 10.5229/jkes.2009.12.4.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wang L, He WS, Yan HX, Jiang Y, Bi KS, Tu PF. Performance Evaluation of Charged Aerosol and Evaporative Light Scattering Detection for the Determination of Ginsenosides by LC. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1192-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Han J, Chen XH, Sun LX, Zhan ZH, Bi KS. [Analysis of monosaccharide compositions in Heterosmilax japonica polysaccharide by precolumn derivation HPLC]. Zhong Yao Cai 2009; 32:893-895. [PMID: 19764328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish precolumn derivation HPLC method to determine the monosaccharides in Heterosmilax japonica polysaccharide. METHODS Heterosmilax japonica sample was hydrolyzed with trifluoroacetic (TFA)and derivated by 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP). The monosaccharide composition of Heterosmilax japonica polysaccharide was carried out by reversed-phase technique on a Kromasil C18 column with a mobile phase composed of 100 mmol/L ammonium acetate buffer (pH5.5) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 77: 23. The detection was carried out at 245 nm. RESULTS The Heterosmilax japonica polysaccharide composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucose, galactose and xylose with amolar ratio of 66: 1:7590: 452: 528. CONCLUSION The HPLC method with precolumn derivatization is appropriate for the analysis of monosaccharide composition of Heterosmilax japonica polysaccharide and the method is simple, quick and accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Jiang B, Gao X, Bi KS, Chen XH. [Simultaneous determination of anthraquinones in Liuwei'anxiao capsules by HPLC]. Zhong Yao Cai 2009; 32:975-977. [PMID: 19764339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish an RP-HPLC method for measuring the contents of aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physion in Liuwei'anxiao Capsules (traditional Chinese medicine). METHODS The analysis was carried out with a Diamonsil-C18 column (200 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) and a mobile phase of methanol-0.05% phosphoric acid solution with gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the column temperature was 35 degrees C. The detection wavelength was 254 nm. RESULTS The calibration curve was linear within the range of 1.622 - 16.22 microg/mL (r1 = 0.9998), 0.6960 - 6.960 microg/mL (r2 = 0.9998), 2.448 - 24.48 microg/mL (r3 = 0.9995), 2.752 - 27.52 microg/mL (r4 = 0.9997), 2.702 -27.02 microg/mL (r = 0.9997) for aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physion, respectively. CONCLUSION This method is convenient, accurate and reproducible for the quality control of Liuwei'anxiao Capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Fang LN, Chen XH, Song Z, Wang G, Zhao X, Ren L, Gong P, Bi KS. Development of a high performance liquid chromatography method for quantification of PAC-1 in rat plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 49:447-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lü YF, Hu X, Bi KS. [Effects of ligustrazine on extracellular acetylcholine levels in rat brain dialysate]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2008; 43:1128-1133. [PMID: 19239033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Using brain microdialysis and LC-MS/MS to detect acetylcholine in rat brain to investigate the effects of ligustrazine. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the determination of acetylcholine in rat brain dialysate sampling by microdialysis. The results indicated that ligustrazine administration by subcutaneous injection significantly increased Ach release in rat medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens in a dose-related manner. The drug' s effect on Ach release in rat brain could be directly detected by microdialysis combined with HPLC-MS/MS and this method is selective and sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Feng Lü
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Yao Y, Wu WY, Guan SH, Jiang BH, Yang M, Chen XH, Bi KS, Liu X, Guo DA. Proteomic analysis of differential protein expression in rat platelets treated with notoginsengnosides. Phytomedicine 2008; 15:800-807. [PMID: 18706795 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2008.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 06/13/2008] [Accepted: 06/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Sanqi, the root of Panax notoginseng, is a popularly used traditional Chinese medicine with cardiovascular effects. Notoginsengnosides (NG) isolated from Sanqi could inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation of rat washed platelets. To identify the possible target proteins of NG in platelets, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)-based comparative proteomics was performed and proteins altered in expressional level after NG treatment were identified by MALDI-TOF MS/MS. Treatment of 200 microg/ml NG caused regulation of the levels of 12 proteins, which play important roles in platelet activation, oxidative stress and cytoskeleton. In the NG-treated platelets, there were increase in the levels of growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2), thrombospondin 1, tubulin alpha 6 and decrease in the levels of thioredoxin, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, DJ-1 protein, peroxiredoxin 3, thioredoxin-like protein 2, ribonuclease inhibitor, potassium channel subfamily V member 2, myosin regulatory light chain 9 and laminin receptor 1. The change in the levels of these proteins caused by NG treatment might contribute to the inhibitive effect of NG on platelet aggregation. Furthermore, analysis of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level indicated that NG could decrease the ROS level in platelets. The regulation of ROS level might play important role in the effect of NG on platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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Yao Y, Wu WY, Liu AH, Deng SS, Bi KS, Liu X, Guo DA. Interaction of salvianolic acids and notoginsengnosides in inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Am J Chin Med 2008; 36:313-28. [PMID: 18457363 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x08005795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza and Panax notoginseng were both considered to be beneficial to cardiovascular diseases in traditional Chinese medicine and often used in combination. To examine the possible interaction between them, the effects of the active fractions of these two herbs, salvianolic acids (SA) and notoginsengnosides (NG), on platelet aggregation were checked respectively or in combination in vitro and in vivo. Both the platelet aggregation of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and washed platelet after ADP induction were checked. In vitro study showed that both SA and NG had an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. However, there is no synergistic effect of the combination of SA and NG in vitro. In vivo study showed that i.g. 550 mg/kg/day SA or NG for 5 days could significantly inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation of PRP. Moreover, combination of SA and NG at a ratio of 5:1 had a synergistic effect on platelet aggregation of PRP. The mechanism for the synergism of SA and NG in vivo was not clear. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of the plasma of rats received SA, NG or combination of SA and NG showed that co-administration of NG caused change in the plasma distribution profile of SA. The influence of combination on the absorption and/or metabolism of SA may be one of the reasons for the synergism of SA and NG in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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38
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Zhang L, Wang ZW, Lian JW, Zhou H, Chen XH, Bi KS. [Simultaneous determination of matrine, oxysophocarpin and oxymatrine in rat plasma by HPLC-MS and its application in the pharmacokinetic study]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2008; 43:843-847. [PMID: 18956778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To establish an HPLC-MS method for simultaneous determination of matrine, oxymatrine and oxysophocarpine in rat plasma after oral administration of herbal preparation, namely Sanwu Huangqin decoction, and the pharmacokinetic porameters were calculated as well. Matrine, oxymatrine, oxysophocarpine, and internal standard pseudoephedrine were extracted from plasma with liquid-liquid extraction, then separated on a Kromasil C18 column by using acetonitrile-0.1% aqueous formic acid (10 : 90) as mobile phase. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode. The linear calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 10 -5 000 ng x mL(-1) for matrine, 2 - 1 000 ng x mL(-1) for oxymatrine, and 2 - 1 000 ng x mL(-1) for oxysophocarpine. The extraction recovery was 89.1% - 93.5%, 83.9% - 91.3%, and 85.4% - 88.0% accordingly. The inter- and intra- day precision (RSD) was below 15.0% calculated from quality control (QC) samples. Matrine, oxymatrine and oxysophocarpine concentration time profile conformed to a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model. The method was shown to be effective, convenient, and suitable for simultaneous pharmacokinetic study of matrine, oxymatrine, and oxysophocarpine in rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Lv YF, Hu X, Cheng WM, Nie YL, Bi KS. Determination of Gastrodin and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride in Plasma and Brain Dialysate by LC–Tandem MS. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Li J, Wang ZW, Zhang L, Liu X, Chen XH, Bi KS. HPLC analysis and pharmacokinetic study of quercitrin and isoquercitrin in rat plasma after administration ofHypericum japonicum thunb. extract. Biomed Chromatogr 2008; 22:374-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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41
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Deng YT, Liao QF, Bi KS, Yao MC, Jiang XF, Xie ZY. [Analysis of the main components of coptis-evodia herb couple by HPLC-DAD-MS]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2008; 43:299-302. [PMID: 18630268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive HPLC-DAD-MS method was developed to study the chemical components of semi-bionic extract of Coptis-Evodia herb couple. The extract was isolated on a Hypersil BDS C18 column (4.6 mm x 200 mm, 5 microm) using acetonitrile-ammonium formic buffer as mobile phase by gradient elution. Detection was performed on DAD and MS equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source by full scan and product full scan on positive mode. The chromatogram of Coptis-Evodia showed seventeen main peaks, eight of which were from Evodia while the others were from Coptis. By comparison of the retention time, the on-line UV spectra and MS spectra, four peaks were identified as jatrorrhizine, hydroxevodiamine, palmatine and berberine, and three peaks were deduced as epiberberine, columbamine and coptisine. In addition, berberine and palmatine were quantitatively determined. No new component was created in the semi-bionic extract of the herb couple, yet the solubilities of berberine and palmatine decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Li Q, Xu L, Wang TT, Jia Y, Wang ZW, Bi KS. Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of Calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside in Rat Plasma After Intravenous Administration of Aidi Lyophilizer. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0537-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Qiao L, Chen XH, Bi KS. [Determination of macrozamin in Rhizoma Heterosmilacis Japonicae by RP-HPLC]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2007; 32:1900-1902. [PMID: 18051902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a RP-HPLC method for the determination of the content of macrozamin in Rhizoma Heterosmilacis Japonicae. METHOD A Century C18 AQ column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was used with the mobile phase consisted of water (4:96). The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength was set at 215 nm, and the column temperature was 35 degrees C. RESULT The calibration curve was linear (r = 0.999 8) in the range of 19.12 - 382.4 microg x mL(-1) for macrozamin, the average recovery of the method was 99.5%, with RSD 2.1% (n = 9). CONCLUSION This method can be used for the quality study of Rhizoma Heterosmilacis Japonicae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Liu X, Chen XH, Zhang YY, Liu WT, Bi KS. Determination of arbidol in rat plasma by HPLC-UV using cloud-point extraction. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 856:273-7. [PMID: 17613286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2007] [Revised: 05/23/2007] [Accepted: 06/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A method based on cloud-point extraction (CPE) was developed to determine arbidol in rat plasma by high performance liquid chromatography separation and ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). The non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114 was chosen as the extract solvent. Variable parameters affecting the CPE efficiency were evaluated and optimized. A Zorbax SB-C(18) column (4.6 mm i.d. x 150 mm, 5 microm particle size) was used for isocratic elution separation at 40 degrees C with detection wavelength at 316 nm. Under the optimum conditions, the method was shown to be reproducible and reliable with intraday precision below 6.6%, interday precision below 8.8%, accuracy within +/-5.0% and mean extraction recovery more than 89.7%, which were all calculated using a range of spiked samples at three concentrations of 0.2, 2 and 16 microg/ml for arbidol in plasma. The linear range was from 0.08 to 20 microg/ml. After strict validation, the method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of arbidol in rats after oral and intravenous administration, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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Lv YF, Hu X, Bi KS. Determination of mildronate in human plasma and urine by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 852:35-9. [PMID: 17287154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2006] [Revised: 12/14/2006] [Accepted: 12/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and selective analytical method based on liquid chromatography-triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer has been developed to determine mildronate in human plasma and urine. The aim of this work was to find a valid method to study the pharmacokinetic profiles of mildronate in humans. Mildronate is a heart protection medicine, a carnitine's structural analogue, so levocarnitine was used as an internal standard for quantification. Under the electrospray ionization source positive ion mode, calibration curves with good linearities (r=0.9998 for plasma sample and r=0.9999 for urine sample) were obtained in the range of 1.0-20,000 ng ml(-1) for mildronate. The detection limit was 1 ng ml(-1). Recoveries were around 90% for the extraction from human plasma, and good precision and accuracy were achieved. This method is feasible for the evaluation of pharmacokinetic profiles of mildronate in humans, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on LC-MS-MS analysis of mildronate in plasma and urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Feng Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, PR China
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Zhang L, Xu L, Tan XJ, Liao QF, Guo W, Chen XH, Bi KS. Simultaneous Determination of Baicalin, Baicalein, Wogonin, Oxysophocarpine, Oxymatrine and Matrine in the Chinese Herbal Preparation of Sanwu-Huangqin-Tang by Ion-Paired HPLC. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0260-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Zhang L, Zhang RW, Li Q, Lian JW, Liang J, Chen XH, Bi KS. Development of the Fingerprints for the Quality Evaluation of Scutellariae Radix by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS-MS. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Huang SS, Liao QL, Hua M, Wu XM, Bi KS, Yan CY, Chen B, Zhang XY. Survey of heavy metal pollution and assessment of agricultural soil in Yangzhong district, Jiangsu Province, China. Chemosphere 2007; 67:2148-55. [PMID: 17275882 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2006] [Revised: 11/10/2006] [Accepted: 12/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, As, Ni, and Cr in samples of soil, cereal, and vegetables from Yangzhong district, China. Compared to subsoils, the sampled topsoils are enriched in Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and As. High levels of Cd and Hg are observed in most agricultural soils. Concentrations of Cr and Ni show little spatial variation, and high Cu, Pb, and Zn contents correspond well to areas of urban development. High As contents are primarily recorded at the two ends of the sampled alluvion. The contents of Cd, Hg, and total organic carbon (TOC) increase gradually to maximum values in the upper parts of soil profiles, while Cr and Ni occur in low concentrations within sampled profiles. As, Pb, Cu, and Zn show patterns of slight enrichment within the surface layer. Compared to data obtained in 1990, Cd and Hg show increased concentrations in 2005; this is attributed to the long-term use of agrochemicals. Cr and Ni contents remained steady over this interval because they are derived from the weathering of parent material and subsequent pedogenesis. The measured As, Cu, Pb, and Zn contents show slight increases over time due to atmospheric deposition of material sourced from urban anthropogenic activity. Low concentrations of heavy metals are recorded in vegetables and cereals because the subalkaline environment of the soil limits their mobility. Although the heavy metal concentrations measured in this study do not pose a serious health risk, they do affect the quality of agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Huang
- Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China.
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Li XQ, He ZG, Bi KS, Song ZH, Xu L. Essential Oil Analyses of The Root Oils Of 10BupleurumSpecies From China. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2007.9699268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zhang L, Xu L, Xiao SS, Liao QF, Li Q, Liang J, Chen XH, Bi KS. Characterization of flavonoids in the extract of Sophora flavescens Ait. by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detector and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 44:1019-28. [PMID: 17658714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2006] [Revised: 04/08/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A method coupling high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detector (DAD) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI) was established for the separation and characterization of flavonoids in Sophora flavescens Ait. Based on the chromatographic separation of most flavonoids present in S. flavescens Ait., a total of 24 flavonoids were identified. Fourteen compounds were unambiguously identified comparing experimental data for retention time (t(R)), UV and MS spectra with those of the authentic compounds: 3',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-isoflavone (13), trifolirhizin (14), kurarinol (18), formononetin (19), 7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl)-flavanone (22), maackiain (21), isoxanthohumol (23), kuraridine (26), kuraridinol (27), sophoraflavanone G (30), xanthohumol (31), isokurarinone (33), kurarinone (35) and kushenol D (38), and additional 10 compounds were tentatively identified as kushenol O (10), trifolirhizin-6''-malonate (15), sophoraisoflavanone A (20), norkurarinol/kosamol Q (24), kushenol I/N (25), kushenol C (28), 2'-methoxykurarinone (29), kosamol R (32), kushecarpin A (34) and kushenol A (37) by comparing experimental data for UV and MS spectra with those of literature. Furthermore, fragmentation pathways in positive ions mode of 24 flavonoid compounds of types of flavanone, flavanonol, flavonol, chalcone, isoflavone, isoflavanone and ptercocarpane were summarized. Some common features, such as CH(3)., H(2)O, CO, CO(2), C(3)O(2) and C(2)H(2)O losses, together with Retro-Diels-Alder fragmentations were observed in the prenylated flavonoids in S. flavescens Ait. The loss of the lanandulyl chain was their characteristic fragmentation, which might help deducing the structure of unknown flavonoid compounds. The present study provided an approach to rapidly characterize bioactive constituents in S. flavescens Ait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
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