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Yu Y, Ji X, Song L, Cao Y, Feng J, Zhang R, Tao F, Zhang F, Xue P. Saponins from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. husks alleviated high-fat-diet-induced hyperlipidemia via modulating the gut microbiota and multiple metabolic pathways. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:2417-2428. [PMID: 37989713 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperlipidemia is characterized by abnormally elevated blood lipids. Quinoa saponins (QS) have multiple pharmacological activities, including antitumor, bactericidal and immune-enhancing effects. However, the lipid-lowering effect and mechanisms of QS in vivo have been scarcely reported. METHODS The effect of QS against hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat diet in rats was explored based on gut microbiota and serum non-targeted metabolomics. RESULTS The study demonstrated that the supplementation of QS could reduce serum lipids, body weight, liver injury and inflammation. 16S rRNA sequencing demonstrated that QS mildly increased alpha-diversity, altered the overall structure of intestinal flora, decreased the relative richness of Firmicutes, the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05) and increased the relative richness of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia and Coprococcus (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, metabolomics analysis showed that QS altered serum functional metabolites with respect to bile acid biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, which were closely related to bile acid metabolism and fatty acid β-oxidation. Furthermore, QS increased protein levels of farnesoid X receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, which were related to the screened metabolic pathways. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a correlation between gut microbiota and differential metabolites. CONCLUSION QS could prevent lipid metabolism disorders in hyperlipidemic rats, which may be closely associated with the regulation of the gut microbiota and multiple metabolic pathways. This study may provide new evidence for QS as natural active substances for the prevention of hyperlipidemia. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yu
- Clinical Nutrition Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical, University (Weifang People's Hospital), Weifang, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Ji
- Clinical Nutrition Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical, University (Weifang People's Hospital), Weifang, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Linmeng Song
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Cao
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Feng
- School of Rehabilitation, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyan Tao
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Xue
- Clinical Nutrition Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical, University (Weifang People's Hospital), Weifang, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
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Cheng X, Zhan Y, Wang Z, Wang F, Zeng X, Mao Y, Liu Y. A single-center experience of non-bioartificial DFAPP support systems among Chinese patients with hyperlipidemic moderate/severe acute pancreatitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1128. [PMID: 38212524 PMCID: PMC10784462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51761-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To assess the clinical efficacy of Double Filtration Plasmapheresis (DFAPP), a novel blood purification method, in treating hyperlipidemic moderate/severe pancreatitis (HL-M/SAP). A total of 68 HL-M/SAP patients were enrolled in this study. The observation group, comprising 34 patients, received DFAPP treatment, while the control group underwent CVVH + PA treatment. We compared the efficacy changes between the two groups post-treatment. Patients treated with DFAPP showed significant improvements in clinical outcomes. After 72 h of DFAPP treatment, HL-M/SAP patients exhibited notably lower multiple organ failure scores and a reduced mortality rate compared to those in the CVVH + PA group. Triglyceride levels in HL-M/SAP patients treated with DFAPP for 48 h averaged 3.75 ± 1.95, significantly lower than the 9.57 ± 3.84 levels in the CVVH + PA group (P < 0.05). Moreover, CRP levels decreased markedly, IL-17 levels diminished, IL-10 levels increased, and the decline in IL-35 levels was significantly less pronounced compared to the CVVH + PA group. The recurrence rate of pancreatitis was also significantly lower after 6 months. The early implementation of DFAPP in HL-M/SAP patients effectively reduces triglyceride levels, suppresses pro-inflammatory factors, enhances anti-inflammatory factors, and mitigates cytokine storm-induced sepsis damage. Consequently, this leads to a decrease in the incidence of multiple organ failure, improved patient survival rates, and a reduce the recurrence rate of lipogenic pancreatitis.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2300076066.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Cheng
- Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ankang, 725000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yanrong Zhan
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhendong Wang
- Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ankang, 725000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ankang, 725000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xia Zeng
- Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ankang, 725000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ya Mao
- Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ankang, 725000, Shaanxi, China
| | - YaoShun Liu
- Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ankang, 725000, Shaanxi, China
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He K, Gao Q, Su J, Shang H, Meng X, Jiang S, Liu D, Huang B. Gut Microbiome and Metabolomics Study of Selenium-Enriched Kiwifruit Regulating Hyperlipidemia in Mice Induced by a High-Fat Diet. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:20386-20401. [PMID: 38055355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that as a substitute for statins, selenium-enriched kiwifruit (Se-Kiwi) might reduce blood lipids and protect the liver in Kunming mice, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Metabolic regulation of mammalian intestinal microflora plays an important role in obesity and related diseases induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Here, samples of serum, liver, colon, and fresh feces from the Se-Kiwi-treated hyperlipidemia C57BL/6J mouse model were collected. Based on metabolome (UHPLC-Q-TOF MS) and gut microbiome (16S rDNA) analyses as well as the integrative analysis of physiological and biochemical indices and pathological data of mice, we aimed to systematically illustrate the gut microbiome and metabolomics mechanism of Se-Kiwi in HFD-induced hyperlipidemic mice. As a result, Se-Kiwi can significantly increase the abundance of potentially beneficial gut bacteria such as Parabacteroides, Bacteroides, and Allobaculum in the colon and improve hyperlipidemia by regulating the digestion and absorption of vitamins, pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, and other metabolic pathways, which have been confirmed by the following fecal microbiota transplantation experiment. This process was significantly regulated by the Ada, Gda, Pank1, Ppara, Pparg, and Cd36 genes. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of selenium-enriched functional foods in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan He
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Jinxing Su
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Hai Shang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Shangquan Jiang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Dahai Liu
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Bei Huang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
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Yang HY, Chi SC, Ko YC, Chen MJ, Kuang TM, Chang YF, Liu CJL. Bleb-related infection after primary trabeculectomy: medical chart reviews from 1993 to 2021. Br J Ophthalmol 2023; 108:58-64. [PMID: 36283798 DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2022-321429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the incidence of and risk factors for bleb-related infection (BRI) in patients who underwent mitomycin C-augmented primary trabeculectomy. METHODS We reviewed the medical charts of consecutive patients who had received primary trabeculectomy in Taipei Veterans General Hospital. We recorded the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients before, during and after surgery. Furthermore, we recorded the time interval between surgery and infection onset, clinical manifestations and visual outcomes of patients with BRI. The cumulative incidence of BRI was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore factors associated with BRI. RESULTS In total, 1663 eyes were postoperatively followed up for 94.57±65.23 months. The cumulative incidence of BRI was 1.86 per 1000 person-years during the 28-year follow-up period: 24 (1.44%) patients developed BRI and 6 (0.36%) patients additionally developed endophthalmitis. A multivariate analysis revealed a significant association of BRI with wound manipulation, high myopia and hyperlipidaemia. Patients younger than 60 years were more likely to receive wound manipulation than their elderly counterparts (<0.001). One year after BRI, the best corrected visual acuity of the eyes with blebitis did not change significantly, whereas that of the eyes with endophthalmitis worsened significantly. CONCLUSION Risk factors for BRI after trabeculectomy include wound manipulation, high myopia and hyperlipidaemia. Considering myopia is highly prevalent throughout the world and is a risk factor for glaucoma, the lifelong risk of BRI after trabeculectomy in eyes with high myopia warrants the attention of ophthalmologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Yang
- Yuanshan and Suao Branch, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chu Chi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Ko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ju Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Mei Kuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fan Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Catherine Jui-Ling Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Medak KD, McKie GL, Peppler WT, Shamshoum H, Dibe HA, Mutch DM, Josse AR, Wright DC. Liver triacylglycerol accumulation but not postprandial lipemia is reduced by a skim milk powder diet in male rats. Nutr Res 2023; 119:65-75. [PMID: 37757641 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Increases in postprandial lipids are linked to the development of cardiometabolic and fatty liver disease. Prior work has suggested that dairy possesses beneficial cardiometabolic effects and thus the aim of the current investigation was to test the hypotheses that the habitual consumption of dairy, in the form of skim milk powder (SMP), would protect against increases in circulating lipids and liver lipid accumulation following an oral fat challenge in rats. Male rats were fed either a semipurified low-fat control diet with casein or a diet with an equivalent amount of protein (∼13% kcal) provided through skim milk powder (SMP) for 6 weeks (n = 40/group). Rats were then given an oral gavage of palm oil (5 mL/kg body weight) or an equivalent volume of water, and serum and liver were harvested 90 minutes or 4 hours after. Rats fed the SMP diet gained less weight than controls but there were no differences in glucose tolerance between groups. The fat gavage increased serum lipids in both diet groups, whereas there was a main effect of the fat challenge to increase, and the SMP diet, to decrease liver triacylglycerol accumulation. The percentage of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and the protein content/activity of lipogenic enzymes were reduced in livers from SMP-fed rats, whereas the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids was increased. In summary, we provide evidence that SMP consumption, although not protecting against postprandial lipemia, markedly attenuates triacylglycerol accumulation and the relative amount of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Medak
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada.
| | - Greg L McKie
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Willem T Peppler
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Hesham Shamshoum
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Hana A Dibe
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - David M Mutch
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Andrea R Josse
- Faculty of Health, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto Ontario, Canada
| | - David C Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada; School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada; Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada.
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6
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Wang J, Liu A, Li A, Song H, Luo P, Zhan M, Zhou X, Chen L, Zhang J, Wang R. Lactobacillus fermentum CKCC1858 alleviates hyperlipidemia in golden hamsters on a high-fat diet via modulating gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:9580-9590. [PMID: 37823897 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02618c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum CKCC1858, LF on the prevention of hyperlipidemia and its correlation with gut microbiota, golden hamsters were fed a high-fat diet alone or in combination with the probiotic for 6 weeks. The results showed that the LF intervention alleviated HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and liver damage, as evidenced by the reduced serum lipid profile levels and liver function markers. More importantly, the LF intervention attenuated HFD-induced microbiota dysbiosis by enhancing the abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria and reshaping the metabolic functions of the gut microbiota, likely contributing to its pronounced preventive effects on hyperlipidemia. This study elucidated the mechanism of the preventive effect of probiotics on hyperlipidemia in terms of regulating gut microbiota, and provided suggestions for regulating gut microbiota through probiotic interventions to improve lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Aijie Liu
- ClassyKiss Dairy (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd, China
| | - Ao Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Hainan Song
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | | | - Meng Zhan
- ClassyKiss Dairy (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd, China
| | | | - Lihao Chen
- ClassyKiss Dairy (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Ruimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Song H, Zhang Y, Huang Q, Deng R, Zheng X. Averrhoa carambola L. fruit polyphenols ameliorate hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and hyperglycemia by modulating lipid and glucose metabolism in mice with obesity. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:6531-6539. [PMID: 37225676 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and hyperglycemia are common metabolic complications of obesity. The objective of the present study is to investigate the in vivo protective effect of Averrhoa carambola L. fruit polyphenols (ACFP) on hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and hyperglycemia in mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and elucidate the mechanisms of action underlying the beneficial effects of ACFP. Thirty-six specific pathogen-free male C57BL/6J mice (4 weeks old, weighing 17.1-19.9 g) were randomly divided into three groups and fed with a low-fat diet (LFD, 10% fat energy), HFD (45% fat energy), or HFD supplemented with ACFP by intragastric administration for 14 weeks. Obesity-related biochemical indexes and hepatic gene expression levels were determined. The statistical analyses were conducted using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's multiple range test. RESULTS The results showed that the body weight gain, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, glucose, insulin resistance index, and steatosis grade in the ACFP group decreased by 29.57%, 26.25%, 27.4%, 19.6%, 40.32%, and 40%, respectively, compared to the HFD group. Gene expression analysis indicated that ACFP treatment improved the gene expression profiles involved in lipid and glucose metabolism compared to the HFD group. CONCLUSION ACFP protected from HFD-induced obesity and obesity-associated hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and hyperglycemia by improving lipid and glucose metabolism in mice. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Rou Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Poudel A, Gachumi G, Paterson PG, El-Aneed A, Badea I. Liposomal Phytosterols as LDL-Cholesterol-Lowering Agents in Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4443-4452. [PMID: 37492942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The high blood level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Plant sterols, known as phytosterols (PSs), can reduce LDL-C in a range of 8-14%. The extent of LDL-C reduction depends on its formulation. Encapsulation into liposomes is one formulation strategy to enhance the efficiency of PSs. PSs (campesterol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol) have frequently been assessed alone or in combination for their LDL-C-lowering ability. However, one naturally abundant PS, brassicasterol, has not yet been tested for its efficacy. We have previously developed a novel liposomal formulation containing the PS mixture present naturally in canola that is composed of brassicasterol, campesterol, and β-sitosterol. In this work, the efficacy of our novel liposomal PS formulation that includes brassicasterol was assessed in a hamster model. Animals were divided into five groups: (i) liposomal PS in orange juice, (ii) liposomal PS in water, (iii) marketed PS in orange juice, (iv) control orange juice, and (v) control water. The animals were fed a high-fat, cholesterol-supplemented (0.5%) diet to induce hypercholesterolemia. The treatment was administered orally once daily for 4 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline, week 2, and week 4. The extent of the reduction of total cholesterol, LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides was compared among the groups. Liposomal PSs in both orange juice and water significantly reduced LDL-C compared to their controls. Furthermore, the liposomal PS was as effective as a marketed PS-containing product in reducing LDL-C. Liposomal PSs in both orange juice and water showed similar efficacy in LDL-C reduction, highlighting that these vehicles/food matrices do not affect the efficacy of PSs. The liposomal formulation of a natural PS mixture extracted from canola oil, with brassicasterol as a major component, exhibited a significant LDL-C reduction in a hamster model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Poudel
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - George Gachumi
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Phyllis G Paterson
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Anas El-Aneed
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ildiko Badea
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Zhou YF, Nie J, Shi C, Zheng WW, Ning K, Kang J, Sun JX, Cong X, Xie Q, Xiang H. Lysimachia christinae polysaccharide attenuates diet-induced hyperlipidemia via modulating gut microbes-mediated FXR-FGF15 signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125725. [PMID: 37419267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are one of the most abundant and active components of Lysimachia christinae (L. christinae), which is widely adopted for attenuating abnormal cholesterol metabolism; however, its mechanism of action remains unclear. Therefore, we fed a natural polysaccharide (NP) purified from L. christinae to high-fat diet mice. These mice showed an altered gut microbiota and bile acid pool, which was characterized by significantly increased Lactobacillus murinus and unconjugated bile acids in the ileum. Oral administration of the NP reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels and enhanced bile acid synthesis via cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase. Additionally, the effects of NP are microbiota-dependent, which was reconfirmed by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Altered gut microbiota reshaped bile acid metabolism by modulating bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. Therefore, bsh genes were genetically engineered into Brevibacillus choshinensis, which was gavaged into mice to verify BSH function in vivo. Finally, adeno-associated-virus-2-mediated overexpression or inhibition of fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) was used to explore the farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 15 pathway in hyperlipidemic mice. We identified that the NP relieves hyperlipidemia by altering the gut microbiota, which is accompanied by the active conversion of cholesterol to bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Fei Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Jiaojiao Nie
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Chao Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Wei-Wei Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Ke Ning
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Jing Kang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Ji-Xiang Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Cong
- The Cardiovascular Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China; Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong, Jilin 134504, PR China.
| | - Qiuhong Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China; Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong, Jilin 134504, PR China.
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China; Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong, Jilin 134504, PR China.
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Son JE, Jo JY, Kim S, Park MJ, Lee Y, Park SS, Park SY, Jung SM, Jung SK, Kim JY, Byun S. Rice Bran Extract Suppresses High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia and Hepatosteatosis through Targeting AMPK and STAT3 Signaling. Nutrients 2023; 15:3630. [PMID: 37630819 PMCID: PMC10457887 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice bran, a by-product of rice milling, is abundant in bioactive molecules and is highly recognized for its health-promoting properties, particularly in improving metabolic conditions. Building on this knowledge, we aimed to optimize the extraction conditions to maximize the functional efficacy of rice bran extract (RBE) and further validate its impact on lipid metabolism. We found that the optimized RBE (ORBE) significantly suppressed high-fat diet-induced weight gain, hyperlipidemia, and hepatosteatosis in mouse models. ORBE treatment not only suppressed lipid uptake in vivo, but also reduced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Importantly, we discovered that ORBE administration resulted in activation of AMPK and inhibition of STAT3, which are both crucial players in lipid metabolism in the liver. Collectively, ORBE potentially offers promise as a dietary intervention strategy against hyperlipidemia and hepatosteatosis. This study underlines the value of optimized extraction conditions in enhancing the functional efficacy of rice bran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Eun Son
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada;
| | - Jay-Young Jo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.J.); (S.Y.P.)
| | - San Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Shil Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.J.); (S.Y.P.)
| | - Su Myung Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanguine Byun
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.J.); (S.Y.P.)
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Deng M, Zhang S, Dong L, Huang F, Jia X, Su D, Chi J, Muhammad Z, Ma Q, Zhao D, Zhang M, Zhang R. Shatianyu ( Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) Flavonoids and Dietary Fiber in Combination Are More Effective Than Individually in Alleviating High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Mice by Altering Gut Microbiota. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:14654-14664. [PMID: 36322531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at exploring the separate and combined anti-hyperlipidemic effect of Shatianyu (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) flavonoids (SPFEs) and DF (SPDF) on HFD-fed mice after 14-week administration in diet, together with the possible microbiota-mediated mechanisms. SPFEs and SPDF were more effective together than separately in improving serum lipid profiles, decreasing hepatic lipid accumulation, and upregulating the expression of hepatic CPT1a, CYP7A1, ABCG5, and ABCG8. Butyrate has been previously proved to have an anti-hyperlipidemic effect. The fecal butyrate contents were negatively correlative with serum/liver lipid but positively correlated with fecal total bile acids levels, and SPDF + SPFEs had the most fecal butyrate in this study. SPDF or SPFEs enriched microbiota related to acetic and propionic acids production, while SPDF + SPFEs also bloomed norank_f_Muribaculaceae, Dubosiella, Lachnoclostridium, and norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, which were positively correlated to fecal butyrate contents. Thus, SPFEs and SPDF might alleviate hyperlipidemia synergistically by regulating microbiota to produce butyrate, thereby regulating lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Deng
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Dong
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
| | - Xuchao Jia
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
| | - Dongxiao Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Chi
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
| | - Zafarullah Muhammad
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
| | - Qin Ma
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
| | - Ruifen Zhang
- Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural, Guangzhou510610, P. R. China
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Tung YT, Wu CH, Chen WC, Pan CH, Chen YW, Tsao SP, Chen CJ, Huang HY. Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus Extracts Improved Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation in High-Energy Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:4665. [PMID: 36364926 PMCID: PMC9658475 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus both contain unique polyphenols called phlorotannins. Phlorotannins reportedly possess various pharmacological activities. A previous study reported that the activity of phlorotannin is strongly correlated with the normalization of metabolic function, and phlorotannins are extremely promising nutrients for use in the treatment of metabolic syndrome. To date, no study has explored the antihyperlipidemic effects of phlorotannins from A. nodosum and F. vesiculosus in animal models. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of phlorotannins using a rat model of high-energy diet (HED)-induced hyperlipidemia. The results showed that the rats that were fed an HED and treated with phlorotannin-rich extract from A. nodosum and F. vesiculosus had significantly lower serum fasting blood sugar (FBS), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglyceride (TG) and free fatty acids (FFAs) levels and hepatic TG level and had higher serum insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and lipase activity in their fat tissues than in the case with the rats that were fed the HED alone. A histopathological analysis revealed that phlorotannin-rich extract could significantly reduce the size of adipocytes around the epididymis. In addition, the rats treated with phlorotannin-rich extract had significantly lowered interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities than did those in the HED group. These results suggested that the phlorotannin-rich extract stimulated lipid metabolism and may have promoted lipase activity in rats with HED-induced hyperlipidemia. Our results indicated that A. nodosum and F. vesiculosus, marine algae typically used as health foods, have strong antihyperlipidemic effects and may, therefore, be useful for preventing atherosclerosis. These algae may be incorporated into antihyperlipidemia pharmaceuticals and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chao Chen
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Tsao
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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13
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Sakaki JR, Gao S, Ha K, Chavarro JE, Chen MH, Sun Q, Hart JE, Chun OK. Childhood beverage intake and risk of hypertension and hyperlipidaemia in young adults. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2022; 73:954-964. [PMID: 35761780 PMCID: PMC9951226 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2091524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
An epidemiological analysis assessing beverage consumption and risk factors for cardiovascular disease was conducted. Participants were 9-16 years old at enrolment, completed food frequency questionnaires in 1996-2001 and self-reported outcomes in 2010-2014. Exclusion criteria included missing data on relevant variables and covariates, prevalent disease before 2005, and implausible/extreme weight or energy intake. Intakes of orange juice, apple/other fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverages and diet soda were related to the risk of incident hypertension or hyperlipidaemia using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusting for diet, energy intake, age, smoking, physical activity and body mass index. There were 9,043 participants with 618 cases of hypertension and 850 of hyperlipidaemia in 17 years of mean follow-up. Sugar-sweetened beverage intake but not fruit juice nor diet soda was associated with hypertension (hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.16 (1.03, 1.31)) in males. This study can guide beverage consumption as it relates to early predictors of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi R. Sakaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd., Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Simiao Gao
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, 215 Glenbrook Rd., U-4120, Storrs, CT, 06269
| | - Kyungho Ha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jorge E. Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA.; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ming-Hui Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, 215 Glenbrook Rd., U-4120, Storrs, CT, 06269
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA.; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jaime E. Hart
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, 3rd Fl West, Boston, MA 02215.; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ock K. Chun
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd., Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269
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Feng X, Ding L, Ma G, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Li Z, Tao X, Ali A, Wang D, Wu L. Lactobacillus rhamnosus TR08 Improves Dyslipidemia in Mice Fed with a High Fat Diet by Regulating the Intestinal Microbiota, Reducing Systemic Inflammatory Response, and Promoting Sphingomholipid Metabolism. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217357. [PMID: 36364184 PMCID: PMC9655260 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis is a crucial manifestation of dyslipidemia; however, oral supplementation of probiotic modulates the intestinal commensal composition. The protective mechanism of probiotics against hyperlipidemia is still under investigation. To elucidate the hypolipidemic effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus TR08 through the analysis of gut microbiota and lipid metabolomics, we investigated changes in gut microbiota and lipid metabolomic phenotypes in mice by real time quantitative PCR and untargeted metabolomics analysis. High fat diet–induced dyslipidemia mice were orally administered with TR08 for 8 weeks. The proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin–2 and interferon–γ) levels in spleen and aortic wall injury in the mice fed with a high-fat diet were inhibited after treatment with TR08 at 1 × 108 CFU per day per mouse. TR08 also reshaped the gut microbiota with increases of the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides, reduced the abundance of the pro–pathogen bacterial Enterococcus, increased the serum level of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) contents, and promoted sphingomholipid metabolic pathway. The results indicated that TR08 could improve the intestinal microbiota of mice to increase the production of SCFAs, and then play the anti–inflammation induced by hyperlipidemia and reduce the inflammatory injury of blood vessel wall. Therefore, TR08 can potentially be used as a hypolipidemic effect probiotic in further interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Feng
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
- Gaoyou Pelple’s Hospital, Yangzhou 225600, China
| | - Longkun Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guifang Ma
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Yefu Sun
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Zhengzhang Li
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Xiaojun Tao
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Asmaa Ali
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Abbassia Chest Hospital, MOH, Cairo 11517, Egypt
| | - Dongxu Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
- Correspondence: (D.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence: (D.W.); (L.W.)
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15
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Chen Z, Liu B, Gong Z, Huang H, Gong Y, Xiao W. Metagenomics Approach to the Intestinal Microbiome Structure and Abundance in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemic Rat Fed with (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Nanoparticles. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154894. [PMID: 35956844 PMCID: PMC9370321 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on microbiota homeostasis and their physiological relevance are still unclear. Herein, we compared the modulation and consequent pharmacological effects of oral administration of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-loaded β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) NPs (EGCG@β-CD NPs) and EGCG on gut microbiota. EGCG@β-CD NPs were prepared using self-assembly and their influence on the intestinal microbiome structure was analyzed using a metagenomics approach. The “Encapsulation efficiency (EE), particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential” of EGCG@β-CD NPs were recorded as 98.27 ± 0.36%, 124.6 nm, 0.313 and –24.3 mV, respectively. Surface morphology of EGCG@β-CD NPs was observed as spherical. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and molecular docking studies confirmed that EGCG could be well encapsulated in β-CD and formed as EGCG@β-CD NPs. After being continuously administered EGCG@β-CD NPs for 8 weeks, the serum cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the rats were significantly decreased, while the levels of catalase (CAT) and apolipoprotein-A1 (apo-A1) in the liver increased significantly in the hyperlipidemia model of rats, when compared to the high-fat-diet group. Furthermore, metagenomic analysis revealed that the ratio of Verrucomicrobia/Bacteroidetes was altered and Bacteroidetes decreased in the high-fat diet +200 mg/kg·bw EGCG@β-CD NPs group, while the abundance of Verrucomicrobia was significantly increased, especially Akkermansia muciniphila in rat feces. EGCG@β-CD NPs could be a promising EGCG delivery strategy to modulate the gut microbiota, enhancing its employment in the prevention of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyin Chen
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (B.L.); (Z.G.)
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science & Technology, Loudi 417000, China;
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Baogui Liu
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (B.L.); (Z.G.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhihua Gong
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (B.L.); (Z.G.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Minis-Try of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guang-Dong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Re-Search, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Yihui Gong
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science & Technology, Loudi 417000, China;
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (B.L.); (Z.G.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Changsha 410128, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0731-84635304; Fax: +86-0731-84635306
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of action of Kushen decoction on high-fat-diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats using RNA-seq technology. METHODS The efficacy of a Kushen decoction, at a concentration of 1 mL/g of crude medicine prepared according to the method commonly used in clinical practice, was investigated on 24 specific pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats. Liver tissues were compared using RNA-Seq technology. The differentially expressed genes were further investigated by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR and Western blot (WB). RESULTS Serum triglycerides (TG), liver low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), body weight, body length, and Lee's index were significantly increased in the untreated hyperlipidemia-induced group (model) compared with the control group, whereas liver high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly decreased. Serum TG, liver LDL-C, bodyweight, and Lee's index were decreased in the high-dose Kushen decoction group (HDKS) compared with the model group, whereas liver HDL-C was significantly increased. Similarly, liver TG tended to decline in the HDKS group. Comparison of the gene expression profiles in the livers from different groups indicated that the Kushen decoction significantly affected metabolic pathways, PPAR signalling pathway, and circadian rhythm ( ≤ 0.05), with the genes ARNTL, PER3, and CLOCK being differentially expressed. qPCR and WB analysis confirmed the differential expression of the genes discovered by transcriptomics analysis. CONCLUSION The Kushen decoction may achieve a lipid-lowering effect on hyperlipidemic rats by regulating metabolic pathways and the circadian rhythm pathway and in particular, their related genes ARNTL, PER3, and CLOCK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Mutu ZHANG
- 1 Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- 2 Mongolian Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu Uaniversity, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Shilong LIANG
- 1 Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Peng NIE
- 1 Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yong’an LIAO
- 1 Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Qinying AI
- 1 Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Xiaojun YAN
- 1 Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Hongning LIU
- 1 Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yanhua JI
- 1 Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- JI Yanhua and ZENG Zhijun, Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China. and
| | - Zhijun ZENG
- 1 Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- JI Yanhua and ZENG Zhijun, Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China. and
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Yan S, Chen J, Zhu L, Guo T, Qin D, Hu Z, Han S, Zhou Y, Akan OD, Wang J, Luo F, Lin Q. Oryzanol Attenuates High Fat and Cholesterol Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia by Regulating the Gut Microbiome and Amino Acid Metabolism. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:6429-6443. [PMID: 35587527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is intricately associated with the dysregulation of gut microbiota and host metabolomes. This study explored the antihyperlipidemic function of oryzanol and investigated whether the function of oryzanol affected the gut microbiome and its related metabolites. Hamsters were fed a standard diet (Control) and a high fat and cholesterol (HFCD) diet with or without oryzanol, separately. Our results showed that oryzanol significantly decreased HFCD-induced fat accumulation, serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, triglyceride, and liver steatohepatitis, attenuated HFCD-induced gut microbiota alterations, and altered amino acid concentrations in feces and the liver. We investigated the role of the gut microbiota in the observed beneficial effects; the protective effects of oryzanol were partly diminished by suppressing the gut bacteria of hamsters after using antibiotics. A fecal microbiota transplantation experiment was carried out by transplanting the feces from HFCD group hamsters or hamsters given oryzanol supplementation (as a donor hamster). Our results showed that administering the fecal liquid from oryzanol-treated hamsters attenuated HFCD-induced hyperlipidemia, significantly decreased the abundance of norank_f__Erysipelotrichaceae, norank_f__Eubacteriaceae, and norank_f__Oscillospiraceae and the concentration of tyrosine. These outcomes are significantly positively correlated with serum lipid concentration. This study illustrated that gut microbiota is the target of oryzanol in the antihyperlipidemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jihong Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Lingfeng Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Tianyi Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zuomin Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Shuai Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Otobang Donald Akan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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18
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Du L, Wang Q, Ji S, Sun Y, Huang W, Zhang Y, Li S, Yan S, Jin H. Metabolomic and Microbial Remodeling by Shanmei Capsule Improves Hyperlipidemia in High Fat Food-Induced Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:729940. [PMID: 35573781 PMCID: PMC9094705 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.729940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia refers to a chronic disease caused by systemic metabolic disorder, and its pathophysiology is very complex. Shanmei capsule (SM) is a famous preparation with a long tradition of use for anti-hyperlipidemia treatment in China. However, the regulation mechanism of SM on hyperlipidemia has not been elucidated so far. In this study, a combination of UPLC-Q-TOF/MS techniques and 16S rDNA gene sequencing was performed to investigate the effects of SM treatment on plasma metabolism-mediated change and intestinal homeostasis. The results indicated that SM potently ameliorated high-fat diet-induced glucose and lipid metabolic disorders and reduced the histopathological injury. Pathway analysis indicated that alterations of differential metabolites were mainly involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, linolenic acid metabolism, α-linoleic acid metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism. These changes were accompanied by a significant perturbation of intestinal microbiota characterized by marked increased microbial richness and changed microbiota composition. There were many genera illustrating strong correlations with hyperlipidemia-related markers (e.g., weight gains, GLU, and total cholesterol), including the Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group and the Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group. Overall, this study initially confirmed that hyperlipidemia is associated with metabolic disturbance and intestinal microbiota disorders, and SM can be employed to help decrease hyperlipidemia risk, including improving the abnormal metabolic profile and maintaining the gut microbial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Du
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Ji
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanfang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Huang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Li
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shikai Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shikai Yan, ; Huizi Jin,
| | - Huizi Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shikai Yan, ; Huizi Jin,
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19
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Alzahrani NS, Alshammari GM, El-Ansary A, Yagoub AEA, Amina M, Saleh A, Yahya MA. Anti-Hyperlipidemia, Hypoglycemic, and Hepatoprotective Impacts of Pearl Millet ( Pennisetum glaucum L.) Grains and Their Ethanol Extract on Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091791. [PMID: 35565759 PMCID: PMC9105973 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested the anti-hyperlipidemic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects of whole pearl millet grain powder (MPG) and its ethanol extract (MPGethaolE) in obese rats fed a high-fat diet. The rats were divided into eight groups based on the treatments they received: control, high fat diet (HFD), HFD + MGE (25 mg/Kg), HFD + MPGethaolE (50 mg/Kg), HFD + MPGethaolE (100 mg/Kg), HFD + MPG (10%), HFD + MPG (20%), and HFD + MPG (30%). The final body weight, visceral, epididymal fat pads, and the liver weight were significantly decreased, in a dose-dependent manner, in HFD fed rats that were co-administered either the MPG powder or MPGethaolE. In the same line, serum levels of triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (CHOL), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), as well as fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and serum levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), interleukine-6 (IL-6), interleukine-10 (IL-10), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and adiponectin were progressively decreased while serum levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL-c) were significantly increased when increasing the doses of both treatments. In conclusion, both the raw powder and ethanolic extract of MP have a comparative dose-dependent anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-steatotic in HFD-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiah S. Alzahrani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.A.); (A.E.A.Y.); (A.S.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Ghedeir M. Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.A.); (A.E.A.Y.); (A.S.); (M.A.Y.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Afaf El-Ansary
- Central Research Laboratory, Female Campus, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abu ElGasim A. Yagoub
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.A.); (A.E.A.Y.); (A.S.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Musarat Amina
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Saleh
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.A.); (A.E.A.Y.); (A.S.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.A.); (A.E.A.Y.); (A.S.); (M.A.Y.)
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Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite of gut microbiota, is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammatory response; however, the role of TMAO in hyperlipidemia acute pancreatitis (HAP) is not clear. In this study, HAP mice were used as an animal model to explore the effects and possible mechanism of TMAO on HAP, which may provide new ideas for the treatment of HAP. Results found that the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, nonestesterified fatty acid, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, α-amylase, TMAO, and flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 were significantly increased, the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin were significantly decreased, and there was an obvious pancreatic injury and inflammatory response in the model group. The choline analogue 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) treatment reversed the changes of serum biochemical parameters, alleviated the pancreatic tissue injury, and reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Further studies of toll-like receptor (TLR)/p-glycoprotein 65 (p65) pathway found that the expressions of TLR2, TLR4, and p-p65/p65 in the model group were significantly increased, which was more obvious after Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani & Chalmers treatment, while activation of the TLR/p65 pathway was inhibited by DMB. The results indicated that TMAO promotes HAP by promoting inflammatory response through TLR/p65 signaling pathway, suggesting that TMAO may be a potential target of HAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
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21
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-Ain QU, Ahmed A, Nisa Iqbal MU, Hashmi IA, Khan NI, Khan TA. Clearing the Clutter: Antiatherosclerotic activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis crude extract. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:2205-2211. [PMID: 35034882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant components have been extensively evaluated for their pharmacological activities. This study provides scientific rationale towards the therapeutic effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis aqueous bark extract against induced atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia in pigeons. Phytochemical components of Eucalyptus bark extract possess a great antioxidant activity that potentially reduced the risk of heart diseases. A total of 42 Pigeons of both sexes were distributed into negative control (fed normal grain diet), hyperlipidemic control (fed HFD 1% animal fat oil and 0.1% cholesterol for 3 months), test groups of variable doses (0.05, 0.1, 0.2 to 0.4 gms/kg BW for 21 days) and the group received atorvastatin daily after induction used. At the end of the experiment biochemical and histological evaluation has been performed. After HFD induction the serum levels of liver enzyme AST, glucose, urea, cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, and TG were significantly increased with the reduction in HDL levels. The atherogenic index was also found significantly raised. Microscopic examination of the liver and aorta showed the appearance of lipid-filled foam cells all over the liver parenchyma and intima after the HFD induction. Thus it was concluded that Eucalyptus aqueous bark extract can be effective against atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qurat-Ul -Ain
- Department of Physiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ahmed
- ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Imran Ali Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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22
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Yang X, Leng J, Liu H, Wang L, Li W, Li W, Yang X, Liu M, Hu G. Maternal gestational diabetes and childhood hyperlipidemia. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14606. [PMID: 34021927 PMCID: PMC8511106 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Aim of this study is to assess dyslipidemia risk between children exposed to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and those not exposed. METHODS We recruited 1144 mother-child pairs (572 GDM and 572 non-GDM women matched by their offspring's age and sex). The age of offspring ranged from 3 to 9 years old. We used general linear models to compare mean values of different lipid profiles among children born to mothers with and without GDM. Logistic regression models were used to assess associations of maternal GDM with abnormal lipid profiles in offspring. RESULTS After adjustment for maternal and children's characteristics, children born to mothers with GDM had lower mean values of high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (1.40 ± 0.01 vs. 1.50 ± 0.01; p < 0.001) and higher mean levels of triglycerides/HDL cholesterol ratio (0.37 ± 0.01 vs. 0.35 ± 0.01; p < 0.05) in comparison with their counterparts born to mothers without GDM. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios among children exposed to mothers with GDM compared with the counterparts were 2.11 (95% confidence interval [CI 1.15-3.88]) for low HDL cholesterol and 1.35 (95% CI 1.00-1.81) for high triglycerides/HDL cholesterol ratio, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Maternal GDM was associated with an increased risk of hyperlipidemia in the offspring during early childhood aged from 3 to 9 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Yang
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Junhong Leng
- Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Huikun Liu
- Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Leishen Wang
- Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiqin Li
- Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xilin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
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23
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Yu F, Wang Z, Zhang T, Chen X, Xu H, Wang F, Guo L, Chen M, Liu K, Wu B. Deficiency of intestinal Bmal1 prevents obesity induced by high-fat feeding. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5323. [PMID: 34493722 PMCID: PMC8423749 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25674-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of intestine clock in energy homeostasis remains elusive. Here we show that mice with Bmal1 specifically deleted in the intestine (Bmal1iKO mice) have a normal phenotype on a chow diet. However, on a high-fat diet (HFD), Bmal1iKO mice are protected against development of obesity and related abnormalities such as hyperlipidemia and fatty livers. These metabolic phenotypes are attributed to impaired lipid resynthesis in the intestine and reduced fat secretion. Consistently, wild-type mice fed a HFD during nighttime (with a lower BMAL1 expression) show alleviated obesity compared to mice fed ad libitum. Mechanistic studies uncover that BMAL1 transactivates the Dgat2 gene (encoding the triacylglycerol synthesis enzyme DGAT2) via direct binding to an E-box in the promoter, thereby promoting dietary fat absorption. Supporting these findings, intestinal deficiency of Rev-erbα, a known BMAL1 repressor, enhances dietary fat absorption and exacerbates HFD-induced obesity and comorbidities. Moreover, small-molecule targeting of REV-ERBα/BMAL1 by SR9009 ameliorates HFD-induced obesity in mice. Altogether, intestine clock functions as an accelerator in dietary fat absorption and targeting intestinal BMAL1 may be a promising approach for management of metabolic diseases induced by excess fat intake.
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MESH Headings
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/deficiency
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/genetics
- Animals
- Circadian Rhythm/genetics
- Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase/genetics
- Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase/metabolism
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Dietary Fats/administration & dosage
- Dietary Fats/metabolism
- Fatty Liver/etiology
- Fatty Liver/genetics
- Fatty Liver/metabolism
- Fatty Liver/prevention & control
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Homeostasis/drug effects
- Homeostasis/genetics
- Hyperlipidemias/etiology
- Hyperlipidemias/genetics
- Hyperlipidemias/metabolism
- Hyperlipidemias/prevention & control
- Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
- Lipid Metabolism/genetics
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/metabolism
- Obesity/etiology
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/prevention & control
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Binding
- Pyrrolidines/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction
- Thiophenes/pharmacology
- Triglycerides/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Yu
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianpeng Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiman Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianxia Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaisheng Liu
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Baojian Wu
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Chen H, Gao J, Xu Q, Wan D, Zhai W, Deng L, Qie R. MiR-145-5p modulates lipid metabolism and M2 macrophage polarization by targeting PAK7 and regulating β-catenin signaling in hyperlipidemia. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:857-863. [PMID: 34143694 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to explore the role of microRNA 145-5p (miR-145-5p) in hyperlipidemia. Using bioinformatics tools and a wide range of function and mechanism assays, we attempted to understand the specific function and potential mechanism of miR-145-5p in hyperlipidemia. A cholesterol-enriched diet induced an increase of serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol but a decrease of serum high-density lipoprotein. MiR-145-5p level was decreased in hyperlipidemia rat models. MiR-145-5p regulated lipid metabolism by antagonizing the alteration of high-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, and triacylglycerol in serum mediated by a cholesterol-enriched diet. In mechanism, miR-145-5p directly bound with p21 protein (RAC1)-activated kinase 7 (PAK7) and negatively regulated mRNA and protein levels of PAK7 in THP-1 cells. Furthermore, miR-145-5p level was negatively associated with PAK7 level in rat cardiac tissues. Finally, overexpression of PAK7 reversed the effects of miR-145-5p on β-catenin activation and M2 macrophages polarization in THP-1 cells. In conclusion, MiR-145-5p modulated lipid metabolism and M2 macrophage polarization by targeting PAK7 and regulating β-catenin signaling in hyperlipidemia, which may provide a potential biomarker for the treatment of hyperlipidemia-induced cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongmei Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenji Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Limei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Qie
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
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25
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Chiechio S, Zammataro M, Barresi M, Amenta M, Ballistreri G, Fabroni S, Rapisarda P. A Standardized Extract Prepared from Red Orange and Lemon Wastes Blocks High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144291. [PMID: 34299566 PMCID: PMC8304280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits are a rich source of high-value bioactive compounds and their consumption has been associated with beneficial effects on human health. Red (blood) oranges (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) are particularly rich in anthocyanins (95% of which are represented by cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-6″-malonyl-glucoside), flavanones (hesperidin, narirutin, and didymin), and hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic acid, coumaric acid, sinapic, and ferulic acid). Lemon fruit (Citrus limon) is also rich in flavanones (eriocitrin, hesperidin, and diosmin) and other polyphenols. All of these compounds are believed to play a very important role as dietary antioxidants due to their ability to scavenge free radicals. A standardized powder extract, red orange and lemon extract (RLE), was obtained by properly mixing anthocyanins and other polyphenols recovered from red orange processing waste with eriocitrin and other flavanones recovered from lemon peel by a patented extraction process. RLE was used for in vivo assays aimed at testing a potential beneficial effect on glucose and lipid metabolism. In vivo experiments performed on male CD1 mice fed with a high-fat diet showed that an 8-week treatment with RLE was able to induce a significant reduction in glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides levels in the blood, with positive effects on regulation of hyperglycemia and lipid metabolism, thus suggesting a potential use of this new phytoextract for nutraceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santina Chiechio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.B.)
- Oasi Research Institute IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Magda Zammataro
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.B.)
| | - Massimo Barresi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.B.)
| | - Margherita Amenta
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (M.A.); (G.B.); (S.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Gabriele Ballistreri
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (M.A.); (G.B.); (S.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Simona Fabroni
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (M.A.); (G.B.); (S.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Paolo Rapisarda
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (M.A.); (G.B.); (S.F.); (P.R.)
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26
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Duan R, Guan X, Huang K, Zhang Y, Li S, Xia J, Shen M. Flavonoids from Whole-Grain Oat Alleviated High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia via Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:7629-7640. [PMID: 34213907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A high-fat diet (HFD) causes hyperlipidemia, which worsens disturbances in bile acid (BA) metabolism and gut microbiota. This study aimed to investigate the regulation of flavonoids from whole-grain oat (FO) on BA metabolism and gut microbiota in HFD-induced hyperlipidemic mice. The experiment results showed that FO improved serum lipid profiles and decreased body weight and lipid deposition in HFD-fed mice. Through real-time qualitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assays, by up-regulating the expression of PPARα, CPT-1, CYP7A1, FXR, TGR5, NTCP, and BSTP, and down-regulating those of SREBP-1c, FAS, and ASBT, FO suppressed lipogenesis, promoted lipolysis and BA synthesis, and efflux to faeces via the FXR pathway. 16s rRNA sequencing revealed that FO significantly increased Akkermansia and significantly decreased Lachnoclostridium, Blautia, Colidextribacter, and Desulfovibrio. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that these bacteria were strongly correlated with hyperlipidemia-related parameters. Therefore, our results indicated that FO possessed an antihyperlipidemic effect via regulating the gut-liver axis, i.e., BA metabolism and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqian Duan
- School of Medical Instruments and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- School of Medical Instruments and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Medical Instruments and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Medical Instruments and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Sen Li
- School of Medical Instruments and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Ji'an Xia
- School of Medical Instruments and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Meng Shen
- School of Medical Instruments and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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Wang K, Wang Y, Zhao R, Gong L, Wang L, He Q, Chen L, Qin J. Relationship between childhood secondhand smoke exposure and the occurrence of hyperlipidaemia and coronary heart disease among Chinese non-smoking women: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048590. [PMID: 34226229 PMCID: PMC8258554 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure during childhood on type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and coronary heart disease among Chinese non-smoking women. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the SHS exposure data in childhood were obtained using a questionnaire survey. Self-reported childhood SHS exposure was defined as the presence of at least one parent who smoked during childhood. RESULTS Of the 6522 eligible participants, 2120 Chinese women who had never smoked were assessed. The prevalence of SHS exposure in the entire population was 28.1% (596). SHS exposure during childhood was not significant for the standard risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (p=0.628) and hypertension (p=0.691). However, SHS was positively associated with hyperlipidaemia (p=0.037) after adjusting for age, obesity, education status, physical activity, alcohol consumption, current SHS exposure status, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In addition, childhood SHS increased the occurrence of coronary heart disease (p=0.045) among non-smokers after further adjusting for hyperlipidaemia. CONCLUSION SHS exposure during childhood is associated with prevalent hyperlipidaemia and coronary heart disease in adulthood among non-smoking Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanqi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Ruxing Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
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Hübel C, Herle M, Santos Ferreira DL, Abdulkadir M, Bryant-Waugh R, Loos RJF, Bulik CM, Lawlor DA, Micali N. Childhood overeating is associated with adverse cardiometabolic and inflammatory profiles in adolescence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12478. [PMID: 34127697 PMCID: PMC8203659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90644-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood eating behaviour contributes to the rise of obesity and related noncommunicable disease worldwide. However, we lack a deep understanding of biochemical alterations that can arise from aberrant eating behaviour. In this study, we prospectively associate longitudinal trajectories of childhood overeating, undereating, and fussy eating with metabolic markers at age 16 years to explore adolescent metabolic alterations related to specific eating patterns in the first 10 years of life. Data are from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n = 3104). We measure 158 metabolic markers with a high-throughput (1H) NMR metabolomics platform. Increasing childhood overeating is prospectively associated with an adverse cardiometabolic profile (i.e., hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipoproteinemia) in adolescence; whereas undereating and fussy eating are associated with lower concentrations of the amino acids glutamine and valine, suggesting a potential lack of micronutrients. Here, we show associations between early behavioural indicators of eating and metabolic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hübel
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Moritz Herle
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Diana L Santos Ferreira
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mohamed Abdulkadir
- Department of Pediatrics Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Bryant-Waugh
- Maudsley Centre for Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders, Michael Rutter Centre for Children and Young People, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cynthia M Bulik
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - Nadia Micali
- Department of Pediatrics Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Lu Y, Ding H, Jiang X, Zhang H, Ma A, Hu Y, Li Z. Effects of the extract from peanut meal fermented with Bacillus natto and Monascus on lipid metabolism and intestinal barrier function of hyperlipidemic mice. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:2561-2569. [PMID: 33063356 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperlipidemia is one of the metabolic disorders that poses a great threat to human health. This study is aimed at investigating the potential hypolipidemic properties of extract from peanut meal fermented with Bacillus natto and Monascus in mice fed with a high-fat diet. Herein, 60 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into six groups: four control groups, comprised of a normal group, a model (M) group, a positive control group (atorvastatin 10 mg kg-1 ), and a nonfermented peanut meal extract group (150 mg kg-1 ), and two experimental groups, comprised of a fermented peanut meal extract low-dose group (50 mg kg-1 ) and a fermented peanut meal extract high-dose group (FH, 150 mg kg-1 ). RESULTS Body weight (P = 0.001) and levels of serum total cholesterol (P = 0.007), triacylglycerol (P = 0.040), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.001), and leptin (P < 0.001) were remarkably decreased in the FH group, whereas the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were increased (P < 0.001) by 78.3% compared with the M group. Ileum tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin showed that the ileal villus detachments in mice were improved, and the villus height was increased by supplementation with extract from fermented peanut meal. Moreover, the expressions of intestinal ZO-1 (P = 0.003) and occludin (P = 0.013) were elevated in the FH group, compared with the M group. CONCLUSION Extract of peanut meal fermented by B. natto and Monascus can effectively improve hyperlipidemia caused by a high-fat diet in mice, via regulating leptin and blood lipid levels, and protect the intestinal mucosal barrier, which provides evidence for its anti-hyperlipidemia effects and is a research basis for potential industrial development. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Lu
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haoyue Ding
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiang
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huiwen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Aiguo Ma
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingfen Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zichao Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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30
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Song H, Shen X, Wang F, Li Y, Zheng X. Black Current Anthocyanins Improve Lipid Metabolism and Modulate Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001090. [PMID: 33559369 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This study aimed to explore the anti-obesity potential of blackcurrant anthocyanins (BCA) and investigate the correlation between the gut microbiota and the BCA-induced beneficial effects. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (n = 36) are randomly assigned into low-fat diet group (LFD), high-fat diet group (HFD), and BCA group feeding HFD supplemented with BCA for 12 weeks. Body weight and food intake are monitored weekly. Obesity-related biochemical indexes and the expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism are determined. Amplicon sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene is conducted to analyze the gut microbiota structure, and spearman correlation analysis is used to determine the correlations between gut microbiota and obesity-related indicators. The results showed that BCA treatment alleviated HFD-induced obesity, hyperlipemia, and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, BCA supplement improved hepatic lipid metabolism by regulating the expression of genes related to the synthesis and degradation of lipids and cholesterols. Microbial analysis revealed that BCA supplementation significantly changed the overall structure and composition of the gut microbiota, and resulted in an enrichment of Akkermansia_muciniphila, which is negatively correlated with the physical biomarkers. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that BCA supplement could be a beneficial treatment for preventing HFD-induced obesity by targeting microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Ma WQ, Sun XJ, Zhu Y, Liu NF. Metformin attenuates hyperlipidaemia-associated vascular calcification through anti-ferroptotic effects. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:229-242. [PMID: 33513420 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that involves metabolic dysfunction resulting from iron-dependent excessive lipid peroxidation. Elevated plasma levels of free fatty acids are tightly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. Metformin (Met) is an antidiabetic drug with beneficial cardiovascular disease effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Met on ferroptosis induced by lipid overload and the effects of these changes on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification. We developed a hyperlipidaemia-related vascular calcification in vivo model with rats fed a high-fat diet combined with vitamin D3 plus nicotine, and palmitic acid (PA), the most abundant long-chain saturated fatty acid in plasma, was used to induce lipid overload and develop an oxidative stress-related calcification model in vitro. The results showed that Met inhibits hyperlipidaemia-associated calcium deposition in the rat aortic tissue. In vitro, treatment of VSMCs with PA stimulates ferroptosis concomitant with increased calcium deposition in VSMCs, while pretreatment with Met attenuates these effects. Furthermore, PA also promotes the protein expression of the extracellular matrix protein periostin (POSTN) and its secretion into the extracellular environment. More importantly, upregulation of POSTN increased the sensitivity of cells to ferroptosis. Mechanistically, upregulation of POSTN suppresses SLC7A11 expression through the inhibition of p53 in VSMCs, which contributes to a decrease in glutathione synthesis and therefore triggers ferroptosis. Interestingly, overexpression of p53 attenuates the inhibitory effect of POSTN on SLC7A11 expression, accompanied by increased Gpx4 expression. Furthermore, p53 knockdown suppresses Met-mediated anti-ferroptosis effects in PA-treated VSMCs, which may be related to the downregulation of SLC7A11 expression. In addition, supplementation of VSMCs with Met enhances the antioxidative capacity of VSMCs through Nrf2 signalling activation. Collectively, targeting POSTN in VSMCs may provide a new strategy for vascular calcification prevention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xue-Jiao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Nai-Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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Wang Y, You Y, Tian Y, Sun H, Li X, Wang X, Wang Y, Liu J. Pediococcus pentosaceus PP04 Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia by Regulating Lipid Metabolism in C57BL/6N Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:15154-15163. [PMID: 33300795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Pediococcus pentococcus PP04 isolated from the Northeast pickled cabbage had good gastrointestinal tolerance and can colonize in the intestine stably. C57BL/6N mice were fed a high-fat diet to build animal models and treated with Pediococcus pentosaceus PP04 to evaluate the antihyperlipidemia effect. After 8 weeks, the indicators of hyperlipidemia, liver injury, and inflammation were measured. The treatment of P. pentosaceus PP04 reduced the gain of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), free fatty acids (FFAs), leptin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) significantly. The western blotting results suggested P. pentosaceus PP04 ameliorated high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia by the AMPK signaling pathway, which stimulated lipolysis via upregulation of PPARα and inhibited lipogenesis by downregulation of SREBP-1c, fatty acid synthase (FAS), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) mainly. Furthermore, P. pentosaceus PP04 improved high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress effectively by triggering the Nrf2/CYP2E1 signaling pathway that enhanced the antioxidant activity including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ying You
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Haiyue Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- National Processing Laboratory for Soybean Industry and Technology, Changchun 130118, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, China
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Wang YQ, Li SJ, Man YH, Zhuang G. Serum metabonomics coupled with HPLC-LTQ/orbitrap MS and multivariate data analysis on the ameliorative effects of Bidens bipinnata L. in hyperlipidemic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 262:113196. [PMID: 32730873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is a prevalence chronic cardiovascular disease, which is treated by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in China. More and more attention has been paid to the application of metabolomics in the study of TCM. Bidens bipinnata L. (BBL), a folk medicine in contemporary China, has the efficacy in the treatment of hyperlipidemia (HLP) in China. However, little is known of the underlying mechanism of BBL. This research aimed to investigate ameliorative effects of BBL on hyperlipidemic rats and explore the mechanism by metabolomics method. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyperlipidemic rats were established by high fat diet (HFD). Biochemical assay was used to evaluate the efficacy of BBL. A metabolomics approach based on high performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap/orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-LTQ/orbitrap MS) was performed to analyze the serum biomarkers from model group, control group and BBL group. Principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) were utilized to identify differences of metabolic profiles in rats among the three groups. In order to identify possible pathways that were affected by HLP, the identified endogenous metabolites were analyzed by using MetaboAnalyst. In the network pharmacology study, our research group found that PPAR signaling pathway was the most important pathway of BBL in the treatment of HLP. Then, it was found that changes in the major metabolic pathways would affect the PPAR signaling pathway through comprehensive analysis based on KEGG database. Therefore, the expression of key genes in the PPAR signaling pathway was detected by real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Six metabolites, which showed a significantly restoring trend from HLP to normal condition, were regarded as potential biomarkers of BBL treatment. The levels of phosphorylcholine, mevalonic acid and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) increased significantly (P < 0.01) in hyperlipidemic rats, while the levels of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid (AA) and lysophosphatidylcholine (18:0) (Lyso PC (18:0)) decreased significantly (P < 0.01) in comparison with control rats. Those endogenous metabolites were chiefly involved in linoleic acid metabolism, AA metabolism and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis. According to the results of RT-qPCR analysis, the mRNA expressions of PPAR α, PPAR β and PPARγ in model group were difference compared with control group. And the expression difference could be regulated closer to normal level after BBL intervention. CONCLUSIONS The results of biochemical assay, serum metabolic pattern and RT-qPCR analysis showed that BBL could exert a significant improvement on lipid levels, liver function, renal function, as well as the mRNA expression level of PPAR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Wang
- Center of Scientific Research, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473061, China.
| | - Shu-Jiao Li
- Center of Scientific Research, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Yong-Hong Man
- Center of Scientific Research, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Guo Zhuang
- Center of Scientific Research, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473061, China
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Xu J, Li M, Zhang Y, Chu S, Huo Y, Zhao J, Wan C. Huangjinya Black Tea Alleviates Obesity and Insulin Resistance via Modulating Fecal Metabolome in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000353. [PMID: 33002297 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Huangjinya is a light-sensitive tea mutant containing low levels of tea polyphenols. Currently, most studies focused on characteristics formation, free amino acid metabolism and phytochemical purification. The biological activity of Huangjinya black tea (HJBT) on metabolic syndrome regarding fecal metabolome modulation is unavailable and is studied herein. METHODS AND RESULTS High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice are treated with HJBT for 9 weeks, various metabolic biomarkers and fecal metabolites are determined. HJBT reduces adipogenic and lipogenic gene expression, enhances lipolytic gene expression, decreases adipocyte expansion, and prevents the development of obesity. HJBT reduces lipogenic gene expression, increases fatty acid oxidation-related genes expression, which alleviates liver steatosis. HJBT enhances glucose/insulin tolerance, increases insulin/Akt signaling, attenuates hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, prevents the onset of insulin resistance. HJBT modulates bile acid metabolism, promotes secondary/primary bile acid ratio; increases short-chain fatty acids production, promotes saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids content; reduces carnitines and phosphocholines, but increases myo-inositol content; decreases branched-chain and aromatic amino acids content; increases the metabolite content related to pentose phosphate pathway. CONCLUSION This study reported the association between fecal metabolome modulation and metabolism improvement due to HJBT administration, proposes HJBT as a dietary intervention for preventing obesity and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Xu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Suo Chu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Yan Huo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
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Hao M, Guan Z, Gao Y, Xing J, Zhou X, Wang C, Xu J, Li W. Huang-Qi San ameliorates hyperlipidemia with obesity rats via activating brown adipocytes and converting white adipocytes into brown-like adipocytes. Phytomedicine 2020; 78:153292. [PMID: 32777487 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation is a promising therapeutic target to treat hyperlipidemia with obesity. Huang-Qi San (HQS), an traditional Chinese medicine, can ameliorate hyperlipidemia with obesity, but its mechanism of action (MOA) is not understood. PURPOSE To articulate the MOA for HQS with animal models. METHODS The main chemical constituents of HQS were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) based assay. Hyperlipidemia with obesity rat models induced by high-fat diet were employed in the study. The levels of the fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured to evaluate the ability of HQS to ameliorate hyperlipidemia with obesity. Pathological analyses of organs were conducted with Oil Red O staining, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and transmission electron microscopy. The expression of mRNAs related to thermogenic genes, fatty acid oxidation-related genes and mitochondria biogenic genes were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. The protein expressions of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) were investigated by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Simultaneously, the protein expression of PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16), ATP synthase F1 subunit alpha (ATP5A) was detected by western blot. RESULTS HQS ameliorates metabolic disorder, lipid ectopic deposition, obesity and maintained glucose homeostasis in hyperlipidemia with obesity rats. HQS can significantly increase the number of mitochondria and reduced the size of the intracellular lipid droplets in BAT, and increase the expression of BAT activation-related genes (UCP1, PGC1α, PGC1β, Prdm16, CD137, TBX1, CPT1a, PPARα, Tfam, NRF1 and NRF2) in vivo. Furthermore, UCP1, PRDM16 and ATP5A proteins of BAT were increased. CONCLUSION HQS can activate BAT and browning of S-WAT (subcutaneous white adipose tissue) through activating the PRDM16/PGC1α/UCP1 pathway, augmenting mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation to increase thermogenesis and energy expenditure, resulting in a significant amelioration of hyperlipidemia with obesity. Therefore, HQS is an effective therapeutic medicine for the treatment of hyperlipidemia with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Hao
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoji Guan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P.R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Juling Xing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Chunyi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Weimin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China.
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Shih DP, Wen CT, Kuo HW, Liang WM, Liu LF, Su CT, Wang JY. Spousal Concordance in Dietary Behaviors and Metabolic Components, and Their Association: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113332. [PMID: 33138145 PMCID: PMC7692615 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate spousal concordance in dietary behaviors, spousal concordance in metabolic components (MCs), and their association. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Taiwan from November 2014 to May 2015. Matched-pair analysis, McNemar’s test, logistic regression analysis, and stratified analysis were performed. A total of 901 pairs of spouses (1802 participants) were analyzed. Husbands were less likely to report intakes of high-fiber food (ORMP (matched pairs odds ratio) = 0.30, p < 0.0001), fish (ORMP = 0.74, p = 0.0128), biscuits or cakes (ORMP = 0.60, p < 0.0001), and fast food (ORMP = 0.65, p = 0.01) compared with their wives. Husbands had significantly higher odds of being overweight (ORMP = 2.34, p < 0.0001); and of having hypertension (ORMP = 2.14, p < 0.0001), hypercholesterolemia (ORMP = 1.75, p = 0.0007), hyperlipidemia (ORMP = 2.96, p < 0.0001), and one or more metabolic components (composite MCs) (ORMP = 2.50, p < 0.0001) compared with their wives. After adjusting for age and education, the spousal concordance in high-fiber food intake was inversely associated with the spousal concordance in composite MCs (aOR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.44–0.88, p = 0.0074), whereas the spousal concordance in processed food intake was positively associated with the concordance in composite MCs (aOR (adjusted odds ratio) = 1.56, 95% CI (Confidence Interval) = 1.03–2.36, p = 0.034). An intervention study for couples with intakes of different fiber foods and/or processed foods is critical for future study, in order to test what kinds of fiber foods/processed foods are associated with the development of the spousal concordance of metabolic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dann-Pyng Shih
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung City 406040, Taiwan;
- Center for Teaching Excellence, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Ting Wen
- Strategy Planning Office, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung 40764, Taiwan;
| | - Hsien-Wen Kuo
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- National Defense Medical Center, School of Public Health, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung City 406040, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Fan Liu
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Tien Su
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Yi Wang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung City 406040, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 6313)
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Baumer Y, Dey AK, Gutierrez-Huerta CA, Khalil NO, Sekine Y, Sanda GE, Zhuang J, Saxena A, Stempinski E, Elnabawi YA, Dagur PK, Ng Q, Teague HL, Keel A, Rodante JA, Boisvert WA, Tsoi LC, Gudjonsson JE, Bleck CKE, Chen MY, Bluemke DA, Gelfand JM, Schwartz DM, Kruth HS, Powell-Wiley TM, Playford MP, Mehta NN. Hyperlipidaemia and IFNgamma/TNFalpha Synergism are associated with cholesterol crystal formation in Endothelial cells partly through modulation of Lysosomal pH and Cholesterol homeostasis. EBioMedicine 2020; 59:102876. [PMID: 32646751 PMCID: PMC7502673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Patients with chronic inflammation diseases have high levels of inflammation and early fatal myocardial infarction due to early, unstable coronary plaques. Cholesterol crystals (CC) play a key role in atherogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms of endothelial cell (EC)-derived CC formation are not well understood in chronic inflammation. METHODS We utilized a combination of a mouse psoriasis model (K14-Rac1V12 mouse model) and human psoriasis patients to study the effect of inflammatory cytokines on CC formation in ECs. Lysosomal pH, alterations in lipid load and inflammatory proteins were evaluated as potential mechanisms linking inflammatory cytokines to CC formation. Coronary CT angiography was performed (n = 224) to characterize potential IFNγ and TNFα synergism on vascular diseases in vivo. FINDINGS We detected CC presence in the aorta of K14-Rac1V12 mice on chow diet. IFNγ and TNFα were found to synergistically increase LDL-induced CC formation by almost 2-fold. There was an increase in lysosomal pH accompanied by a 28% loss in pH-dependent lysosomal signal and altered vATPaseV1E1 expression patterns. In parallel, we found that LDL+IFNγ/TNFα treatments increased free cholesterol content within EC and led to a decrease in SOAT-1 expression, an enzyme critically involved cholesterol homeostasis. Finally, the product of IFNγ and TNFα positively associated with early non-calcified coronary burden in patients with psoriasis (n = 224; β = 0.28, p < 0.001). INTERPRETATION Our results provide evidence that IFNγ and TNFα accelerate CC formation in endothelial cells in part by altering lysosomal pH and free cholesterol load. These changes promote early atherogenesis and contribute to understanding the burden of CVD in psoriasis. FUNDING Funding was provided by the Intramural Research Program at NIH (NNM) and the National Psoriasis Foundation (NNM and YB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Baumer
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amit K Dey
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cristhian A Gutierrez-Huerta
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Noor O Khalil
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yusuke Sekine
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gregory E Sanda
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Cardiovascular and Cancer Genetics Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ankit Saxena
- Flow Cytometry Core, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Erin Stempinski
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Youssef A Elnabawi
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pradeep K Dagur
- Flow Cytometry Core, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Qimin Ng
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Heather L Teague
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew Keel
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Justin A Rodante
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William A Boisvert
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, 1301 E. Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, 1301 E. Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Christopher K E Bleck
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- Section of Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David A Bluemke
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Joel M Gelfand
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniella M Schwartz
- Genetics and Pathogenesis of Allergy Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Howard S Kruth
- Section of Experimental Atherosclerosis, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tiffany M Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Martin P Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Zhang F, Zhang X, Yu J, Tan Y, Guo P, Wu C. The gut microbiota confers the lipid-lowering effect of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) In high-fat diet (HFD)-Induced hyperlipidemic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110667. [PMID: 32861068 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is a medical food with well-documented hypoglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic activities. Previous studies showed that the M. charantia fruit (MC) could modulate the gut microbiota, but whether this modulation is essential for MC's pharmacological effects is largely unknown. Here, we assessed the causality of gut microbes in MC-elicited anti-hyperlipidemic effects for the first time. Oral administration of MC significantly prevented hyperlipidemia, but this amelioration substantially diminished when co-treated with antibiotics. Transplantation of gut flora from MC-treated donor mice also significantly decreased serum lipids. The microbiological analysis revealed that MC moderately increased diversity and shifted the overall structure of gut microbiota. It selectively enhanced the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs)-producing genera and increased fecal SCFAs content. These results demonstrate that M. charantia fruit (MC) may exert an anti-hyperlipidemic effect through modulating gut microbes and increasing SCFAs production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaopo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 57199, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yinfeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 57199, PR China
| | - Peng Guo
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Chongming Wu
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Si X, Tian J, Shu C, Wang Y, Gong E, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Cui H, Li B. Serum Ceramide Reduction by Blueberry Anthocyanin-Rich Extract Alleviates Insulin Resistance in Hyperlipidemia Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:8185-8194. [PMID: 32692177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Blueberry anthocyanin-rich extract (BAE) was supplemented to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice to investigate sphingolipid metabolism modulating factors involved in the attenuated hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia. A BAE-containing diet effectively controlled food intake and liver weight and significantly attenuated insulin resistance triggered by a HFD. Higher BAE (200 mg/kg of body weight) administration performed more efficiently in the improvement of hepatic steatosis and adipocyte hypertrophy, together with distinct suppressions in serum triacylglycerol and cholesterol in total and species. Serum lipid compositions revealed 200 mg/kg of BAE supplementation remarkably suppressed ceramide accumulation. Consistently, genes encoding enzymes associated with sphingomyelin conversion and ceramide de novo synthesis were modulated toward a healthy direction for restrained sphingolipid accumulation. Further, the inhibited mRNA expressions of protein phosphatase 2A and protein kinase Cζ involved in blocking Akt phosphorylation connected the controlled ceramides with the restored insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Si
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Tian
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Shu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Ersheng Gong
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijia Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Cui
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
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Godea Lupei S, Ciubotariu D, Danciu M, Lupușoru RV, Ghiciuc CM, Cernescu I, Gheţu N, Lupei M, Lupușoru CE. Improvement in serum lipids and liver morphology after supplementation of the diet with fish oil is more evident under regular feeding conditions than under high-fat or mixed diets in rats. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:162. [PMID: 32631338 PMCID: PMC7339424 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary n- 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have a role in preventing cardiovascular and hepatic diseases. However, their effects might differ significantly depending on individual dietary patterns. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with ω-3 fatty acids (FA), administered in different schedules, on hepatic and aortic histological structure, lipid profile, and body weight (BW) in male Wistar rats under standard (SD), high-fat diet (HFD) and mixed feeding conditions. METHODS PUFA treatment consisted of the administration of 50 mg/kg fish oil (FO) daily by oral gavage. HFD was obtained by adding a suspension of 4% cholesterol, thiouracil and cholic acid to the animals' drinking water. The rats were maintained on the diets for 6 weeks, and different schedules of PUFA administration were used. At 14, 28, and 42 days, the morphology of liver and aortic samples and the levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) were assessed. RESULTS The HFD groups exhibited significant hyperlipidemia and aortic inflammation, with progression to atherogenesis after 6 weeks. Administration of PUFAs slightly attenuated the aortic changes in these groups and reduced the liver's tendency to steatosis. FO-induced metabolic improvement was more evident in SD than in HFD rats. For instance, after the first 2 weeks, SD animals that received PUFAs had significantly increased HDL levels vs. controls (62.375 ± 4.10 vs. 52.625 ± 8.38 mg/dL, P < 0.05), but HFD rats did not, and decreased TG levels were observed exclusively in the SD rats (57.6 ± 4.09 vs. 66 ± 4.69 mg/dL, P < 0.05). After 6 weeks of n- 3 PUFA administration, LDL was significantly lower in the SD rats than in controls (13.67 ± 4.13 vs. 30.83 ± 2.86 mg/dL, P < 0.001), but the decrease in the HFD rats, although significant (49.17 ± 5.85 mg/dL vs. 57.17 ± 4.96 g/dL, P < 0.05), was not as marked. In the mixed-diet groups, administration of 50 mg/kg/day FO for 14 days under SD conditions following 4 weeks of HFD slightly decreased TG (86.625 ± 11.67 vs. 73 ± 4.52 mg/dL, P < 0.05) and increased HDL (45.875 ± 5.28 vs. 56 ± 3.16 mg/dL). However, in these animals, n-3 PUFA administration had no effect on LDL or TC. Administration of half of the above dose failed to improve any biochemical parameters. FO protected against excessive weight gain mainly under SD conditions. CONCLUSIONS The results show that FO confers more protection against cardiovascular risk factors (increased LDL and TG, decreased HDL) and liver lipid accumulation when given to rats consuming regular diets than when given to rats consuming a high-fat diet. This argues that priority should be given to consumption of a healthy diet rather than to the use of supplements. The effectiveness of n-3 PUFAs might be reduced in the case of hyperlipidic intake or after consumption of a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Godea Lupei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Diana Ciubotariu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania.
| | - Mihai Danciu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania.
| | - Raoul Vasile Lupușoru
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Irina Cernescu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Nicolae Gheţu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Regional Oncology Institute, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Mihai Lupei
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environment Protection, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Cătălina Elena Lupușoru
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
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Huang ZR, Deng JC, Li QY, Cao YJ, Lin YC, Bai WD, Liu B, Rao PF, Ni L, Lv XC. Protective Mechanism of Common Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Associated with Dyslipidemia in Mice Fed a High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:6530-6543. [PMID: 32383865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b08211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated with dyslipidemia in mice that were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFD). Results showed that oral supplementation of common buckwheat significantly improved physiological indexes and biochemical parameters related to dyslipidemia and NAFLD in mice fed with HFD. Furthermore, the HFD-induced reductions in fecal short-chain fatty acids were reversed by common buckwheat intervention, which also increased the fecal bile acid (BA) abundance compared with HFD-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Liver metabolomics based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry demonstrated that common buckwheat supplementation made significant regulatory effects on the pentose phosphate pathway, starch and sucrose metabolism, primary BA biosynthesis, and so forth. The results of high-throughput sequencing revealed that common buckwheat supplementation significantly altered the structure of the intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HFD. The correlations between lipid metabolic parameters and intestinal microbial phylotypes were also revealed by the heatmap and network. Additionally, common buckwheat intervention regulated the mRNA expressions of genes responsible for liver lipid metabolism and BA homeostasis, thus promoting BA synthesis and excretion. These findings confirmed that common buckwheat has the outstanding ability of improving lipid metabolism and could be used as a potential functional food for the prevention of NAFLD and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Rui Huang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Cong Deng
- School of Ocean Science and Biochemistry Engineering, Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University, Fuqing, Fujian 350300, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Yi Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
- College of Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University of International Studies and Trade, Fuzhou, Fujian 350202, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Jia Cao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Chen Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Bai
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Ping-Fan Rao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Li Ni
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Cong Lv
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
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Yang G, Zhang J, Jiang T, Monslow J, Tang SY, Todd L, Puré E, Chen L, FitzGerald GA. Bmal1 Deletion in Myeloid Cells Attenuates Atherosclerotic Lesion Development and Restrains Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation in Hyperlipidemic Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1523-1532. [PMID: 32321308 PMCID: PMC7285859 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the molecular components of circadian rhythms oscillate in discrete cellular components of the vasculature and many aspects of vascular function display diurnal variation, the cellular connections between the molecular clock and inflammatory cardiovascular diseases remain to be elucidated. Previously we have shown that pre- versus postnatal deletion of Bmal1 (brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like 1), the nonredundant core clock gene has contrasting effects on atherogenesis. Here we investigated the effect of myeloid cell Bmal1 deletion on atherogenesis and abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in mice. Approach and Results: Mice lacking Bmal1 in myeloid cells were generated by crossing Bmal1 flox/flox mice with lysozyme 2 promoter-driven Cre recombinase mice on a hyperlipidemic low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient background and were fed on a high-fat diet to induce atherosclerosis. Atherogenesis was restrained, concomitant with a reduction of aortic proinflammatory gene expression in myeloid cell Bmal1 knockout mice. Body weight, blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol were unaltered. Similarly, myeloid cell depletion of Bmal1 also restrained Ang II (angiotensin II) induced formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm in hyperlipidemic mice. In vitro, RNA-Seq analysis demonstrated a proinflammatory response in cultured macrophages in which there was overexpression of Bmal1. CONCLUSIONS Myeloid cell Bmal1 deletion retards atherogenesis and restrains the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm and may represent a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory cardiovascular diseases.
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MESH Headings
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/deficiency
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/genetics
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/physiology
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/etiology
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Cells, Cultured
- Crosses, Genetic
- Diet, High-Fat
- Gene Deletion
- Gene Expression
- Hyperlipidemias/complications
- Hyperlipidemias/etiology
- Inflammation
- Integrases/genetics
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/chemistry
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muramidase/genetics
- Myeloid Cells/chemistry
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/deficiency
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangrui Yang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, China, 116024
| | - Jiayang Zhang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, China, 116044
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, China, 116044
| | - James Monslow
- The Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104
| | - Soon Yew Tang
- The Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104
| | - Leslie Todd
- The Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104
| | - Ellen Puré
- The Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104
| | - Lihong Chen
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, China, 116044
| | - Garret A. FitzGerald
- The Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104
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43
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Oppedisano F, Muscoli C, Musolino V, Carresi C, Macrì R, Giancotta C, Bosco F, Maiuolo J, Scarano F, Paone S, Nucera S, Zito MC, Scicchitano M, Ruga S, Ragusa M, Palma E, Tavernese A, Mollace R, Bombardelli E, Mollace V. The Protective Effect of Cynara Cardunculus Extract in Diet-Induced NAFLD: Involvement of OCTN1 and OCTN2 Transporter Subfamily. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1435. [PMID: 32429274 PMCID: PMC7284543 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia and insulin-resistance are often associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) thereby representing a true issue worldwide due to increased risk of developing cardiovascular and systemic disorders. Although clear evidence suggests that circulating fatty acids contribute to pathophysiological mechanisms underlying NAFLD and hyperlipidemia, further studies are required to better identify potential beneficial approaches for counteracting such a disease. Recently, several artichoke extracts have been used for both reducing hyperlipidemia, insulin-resistance and NAFLD, though the mechanism is unclear. Here we used a wild type of Cynara Cardunculus extract (CyC), rich in sesquiterpens and antioxidant active ingredients, in rats fed a High Fat Diet (HFD) compared to a Normal Fat Diet (NFD). In particular, in rats fed HFD for four consecutive weeks, we found a significant increase of serum cholesterol, triglyceride and serum glucose. This effect was accompanied by increased body weight and by histopathological features of liver steatosis. The alterations of metabolic parameters found in HFDs were antagonised dose-dependently by daily oral supplementation of rats with CyC 10 and 20 mg/kg over four weeks, an effect associated to significant improvement of liver steatosis. The effect of CyC (20 mg/kg) was also associated to enhanced expression of both OCTN1 and OCTN2 carnitine-linked transporters. Thus, present data suggest a contribution of carnitine system in the protective effect of CyC in diet-induced hyperlipidemia, insulin-resistance and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Oppedisano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
- San Raffaele IRCCS, 00199 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Caterina Giancotta
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Federica Scarano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Sara Paone
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Maria Caterina Zito
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Monica Ragusa
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Annamaria Tavernese
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Ezio Bombardelli
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (C.M.); (V.M.); (C.C.); (R.M.); (C.G.); (F.B.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (S.P.); (S.N.); (M.C.Z.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (E.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (E.B.)
- San Raffaele IRCCS, 00199 Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Introduction: Postprandial hyperlipidemia is a common feature of the atherogenic dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Quantification of this with oral fat tolerance tests is not used routinely in clinical practice and abnormal postprandial lipids are usually inferred from non-fasting plasma triglyceride levels. Identifying excessive postprandial hyperlipidemia may help to refine cardiovascular risk assessment but there are no treatments currently available which selectively target postprandial lipids and no large cardiovascular outcome trials using this as the entry criterion.Areas covered: In this review of relevant published material, we summarize the findings from the most important publications in this area.Expert opinion: Postprandial hyperlipidemia appears to contribute to the cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Non-fasting triglyceride levels provide a surrogate marker of postprandial hyperlipidemia but more specific markers such as apoB48 levels may prove to be more reliable. Omega-3 fatty acids, fibrates and ezetimibe can reduce postprandial lipids but may not correct them completely. Several novel treatments have been developed to target hypertriglyceridemia and some of these may be particularly effective in improving postprandial levels. Further clinical trials are needed to establish the role of postprandial lipids in assessment of cardiovascular risk and to identify the most effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Tomlinson
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Paul Chan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Scherrer JF, Salas J, Friedman MJ, Cohen BE, Schneider FD, Lustman PJ, van den Berk-Clark C, Chard KM, Tuerk P, Norman SB, Schnurr PP. Clinically meaningful posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) improvement and incident hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and weight loss. Health Psychol 2020; 39:403-412. [PMID: 32223280 PMCID: PMC8340539 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with increased risk for cardiometabolic disease. Clinically meaningful PTSD improvement is associated with a lower risk for diabetes, but it is not known if similar associations exist for incident hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and clinically relevant weight loss (i.e., ≥5% loss). METHOD Medical record data from Veterans Health Affairs patients with clinic encounters between fiscal year (FY) 2008 to 2015 were used to identify patients with worsening or no PTSD improvement (i.e., PTSD checklist (PCL) score decrease <10), small (10-19 point PCL decrease), and large (≥20 point PCL decrease) PTSD improvement. To estimate the association between degree of PTSD improvement and incident hypertension (n = 979), incident hyperlipidemia (n = 1,139) and incident ≥5% weight loss (1,330), we computed Cox proportional hazard models, controlling for confounding using inverse probability of exposure weighting (IPEW). RESULTS Overall, patients were about 40 years of age, 80% male and 65% White. Worsening or no PCL change occurred in about 60%, small improvement in 20%, and large improvement in 20%. After weighting data, compared with worsening or no change, both small and large PTSD improvements were associated, albeit not significantly, with lower risks for hypertension (HR = 0.68; 95% confidence interval, CI [0.46, 1.01] and HR = 0.79; 95% CI [0.53, 1.18], respectively). In weighted data, PTSD improvement was not associated with incident hyperlipidemia or ≥5% weight loss. CONCLUSIONS We observed limited evidence for an association between PTSD improvement and decreased hypertension risk. PCL decreases were not associated with hyperlipidemia or ≥5% weight loss. Further studies that measure potential physical health benefits of change in specific PTSD symptoms are needed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey F. Scherrer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO. 63104
- Harry S. Truman Veterans Administration Medical Center, Columbia, MO
| | - Joanne Salas
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO. 63104
- Harry S. Truman Veterans Administration Medical Center, Columbia, MO
| | - Matthew J. Friedman
- National Center for PTSD and Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Beth E. Cohen
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine and San Francisco VAMC, San Francisco, CA
| | - F. David Schneider
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Patrick J. Lustman
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO
- The Bell Street Clinic Opioid Treatment Program, Mental Health Service, VA St. Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, MO
| | - Carissa van den Berk-Clark
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO. 63104
| | - Kathleen M. Chard
- Trauma Recovery Center Cincinnati VAMC and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Peter Tuerk
- Sheila C. Johnson Center for Clinical Services, Department of Human Services, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Sonya B. Norman
- National Center for PTSD, VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego
| | - Paula P. Schnurr
- National Center for PTSD and Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
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Navarro-Millán I, Yang S, Chen L, Yun H, Jagpal A, Bartels CM, Fraenkel L, Safford MM, Curtis JR. Screening of Hyperlipidemia Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in the United States. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 71:1593-1599. [PMID: 30414353 PMCID: PMC6510643 DOI: 10.1002/acr.23810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the proportion of primary lipid screening among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and compare it with those among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and patients with neither RA nor DM, and to assess whether primary lipid screening varied according to the health care provider (rheumatologist versus non-rheumatologist). METHODS We analyzed claims data from US private and public health plans from 2006-2010. Eligibility requirements included continuous medical and pharmacy coverage for ≥12 months (baseline period) and >2 physician diagnoses and relevant medications to define RA, DM, RA and DM, or neither condition. Among the 330,695 eligible participants, we calculated the proportion with a lipid profile ordered during the 2 years following baseline. Time-varying Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the probability of hyperlipidemia screening in participants with RA according to provider specialty. RESULTS More than half of the patients were ages 41-71 years. Among patients with RA (n = 12,182), DM (n = 62,834), RA and DM (n = 1,082), and those who did not have either condition (n = 167,811), the proportion screened for hyperlipidemia was 37%, 60%, 55%, and 41%, respectively. Patients with RA who visited a rheumatologist and a non-rheumatology clinician during follow-up had a 55% (95% confidence interval 1.36-1.78) higher screening probability than those who only visited a rheumatologist. CONCLUSION Primary lipid screening was suboptimal among patients with RA. It was also lower for patients with DM and minimally different from the general population. Screening was higher for RA patients who received care from both a rheumatologist and a non-rheumatologist (e.g., primary care physician).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Navarro-Millán
- Weill Cornell Medicine and the Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
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47
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Li L, Jiang M, Li Y, Su J, Li L, Qu X, Fan L. 1H-NMR Metabolomics Analysis of the Effect of Rubusoside on Serum Metabolites of Golden Hamsters on a High-Fat Diet. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061274. [PMID: 32168894 PMCID: PMC7143983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rubusoside is a natural sweetener and the active component of Rubus suavissimus. The preventive and therapeutic effect of rubusoside on high-fat diet-induced (HFD) serum metabolite changes in golden hamsters was analyzed by 1H-NMR metabolomics to explore the underlying mechanism of lipid metabolism regulation. 1H-NMR serum metabolomics analyses revealed a disturbed amino acid-, sugar-, fat-, and energy metabolism in HFD animals. Animals supplemented with rubusoside can partly reverse the metabolism disorders induced by high-fat diet and exerted good anti-hypertriglyceridemia effect by intervening in some major metabolic pathways, involving amino acid metabolism, synthesis of ketone bodies, as well as choline and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate metabolism. This study indicates that rubusoside can interfere with and normalize high-fat diet-induced metabolic changes in serum and could provide a theoretical basis to establish rubusoside as a potentially therapeutic tool able to revert or prevent lipid metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China; (L.L.); (M.J.); (Y.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Manjing Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China; (L.L.); (M.J.); (Y.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Yaohua Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China; (L.L.); (M.J.); (Y.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Jian Su
- Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China;
| | - Li Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China; (L.L.); (M.J.); (Y.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Xiaosheng Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China
- Correspondence: (X.Q.); (L.F.); Tel./Fax: +86-771-560-1290 (X.Q.); +86-771-495-3513 (L.F.)
| | - Lanlan Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China; (L.L.); (M.J.); (Y.L.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence: (X.Q.); (L.F.); Tel./Fax: +86-771-560-1290 (X.Q.); +86-771-495-3513 (L.F.)
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48
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Abstract
The bioaccessibility of fat has implications for satiety and postprandial lipidaemia. The prevailing view holds that the integrity of plant cell wall structure is the primary determinant of energy and nutrient extraction from plant cells as they pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However, comparisons across nuts (walnuts, almonds and pistachios) with varying physical properties do not support this view. In the present study, masticated samples of three nuts from healthy adults were exposed to a static model of gastric digestion followed by simulated intestinal digestion. Primary outcomes were particle size and lipid release at each phase of digestion. Walnuts produced a significantly larger particle size post-mastication compared with almonds. Under gastric and intestinal conditions, the particle size was larger for walnuts compared with pistachios and almonds (P < 0·05). However, the masticated and digesta particle sizes were not related to the integrity of cell walls or lipid release. The total lipid release was comparable between nuts after the in vitro intestinal phase (P > 0·05). Microstructural examination showed ruptured and fissured cell walls that would allow digestion of cellular contents, and this may be governed by internal cellular properties such as oil body state. Furthermore, the cell walls of walnuts tend to rupture rather than separate and as walnut tissue passes through the GI tract, lipids tend to coalesce reducing digestion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. M. McArthur
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - R. D. Mattes
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
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Se-Eun L, Hyungwoo K, Chang-Hyun K, Chiyeon L, Suin C. Effect of methanol extract of Schisandrae Fructus on high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic mice. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2019; 39:818-825. [PMID: 32186152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and molecular targets of Schisandrae Fructus (SF) methanol extract (SFme) in mice with hyperlipidemia induced by high fat diet. METHODS We observed changes in body weight, blood serum content of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, and triglyceride. The extent of accumulation of lipid peroxide due to lipid metabolism disorder also evaluated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) level. In addition, after getting gene expression in hepatic tissues, target protein of SFme was identified using a protein interaction database. RESULTS SFme significantly decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride levels without alteration of body weight in mice, and the liver content of MDA was statistically decreased by SFme. And expression changes of cyclin- dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) and leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (Lrrk2) were restored by SFme. CONCLUSION The effect of SFme on the high- fat-diet induced hyperlipidemia via decreasing total cholesterol and triglyceride levels may involve the expression of Cdk1 and Lrrk2 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Se-Eun
- Department of Korean Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan Campus of Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Kim Hyungwoo
- Department of Korean Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan Campus of Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Kim Chang-Hyun
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Lim Chiyeon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Suin
- Department of Korean Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan Campus of Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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50
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Schmidt B, Scaglione S, Ding X. Elevated Liver Enzymes in a Young Man with Hyperlipidemia. Gastroenterology 2019; 157:e6-e8. [PMID: 31319073 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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