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Howell JA, Edwards AA, Santollo J. The estrogenic reduction in water intake stimulated by dehydration involves estrogen receptor alpha and a potential role for GLP-1. Physiol Behav 2024; 276:114484. [PMID: 38331374 PMCID: PMC10896180 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
It is well documented that estrogens inhibit fluid intake. Most of this research, however, has focused on fluid intake in response to dipsogenic hormone and/or drug treatments in euhydrated rats. Additional research is needed to fully characterize the fluid intake effects of estradiol in response to true hypovolemia. As such, the goals of this series of experiments were to provide a detailed analysis of water intake in response to water deprivation in ovariectomized female rats treated with estradiol. In addition, these experiments also tested if activation of estrogen receptor alpha is sufficient to reduce water intake stimulated by water deprivation and tested for a role of glucagon like peptide-1 in the estrogenic control of water intake. As expected, estradiol reduced water intake in response to 24 and 48 h of water deprivation. The reduction in water intake was associated with a reduction in drinking burst number, with no change in drinking burst size. Pharmacological activation of estrogen receptor alpha reduced intake. Finally, estradiol-treatment caused a leftward shift in the behavioral dose response curve of exendin-4, the glucagon like peptide-1 agonist. While the highest dose of exendin-4 reduced 10 min intake in both oil and estradiol-treated rats, the intermediate dose only reduced intake in rats treated with estradiol. Together, this series of experiments extends previous research by providing a more thorough behavioral analysis of the anti-dipsogenic effect of estradiol in dehydrated rats, in addition to identifying the glucagon like peptide-1 system as a potential bioregulator involved in the underlying mechanisms by which estradiol reduces water intake in the female rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Howell
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Andrea A Edwards
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Jessica Santollo
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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da Silva AA, Hall JE, Dai X, Wang Z, Salgado MC, do Carmo JM. Chronic Antidiabetic Actions of Leptin: Evidence From Parabiosis Studies for a CNS-Derived Circulating Antidiabetic Factor. Diabetes 2021; 70:2264-2274. [PMID: 34344788 PMCID: PMC8576509 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We used parabiosis to determine whether the central nervous system (CNS)-mediated antidiabetic effects of leptin are mediated by release of brain-derived circulating factors. Parabiosis was surgically induced at 4 weeks of age, and an intracerebroventricular (ICV) cannula was placed in the lateral cerebral ventricle at 12 weeks of age for ICV infusion of leptin or saline vehicle. Ten days after surgery, food intake, body weight, and blood glucose were measured for 5 consecutive days, and insulin-deficiency diabetes was induced in all rats by a single streptozotocin (STZ) injection (40 mg/kg). Five days after STZ injection, leptin or vehicle was infused ICV for 7 days, followed by 5-day recovery period. STZ increased blood glucose and food intake. Chronic ICV leptin infusion restored normoglycemia in leptin-infused rats while reducing blood glucose by ∼27% in conjoined vehicle-infused rats. This glucose reduction was caused mainly by decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis. Chronic ICV leptin infusion also reduced net cumulative food intake and increased GLUT4 expression in skeletal muscle in leptin/vehicle compared with vehicle/vehicle conjoined rats. These results indicate that leptin's CNS-mediated antidiabetic effects are mediated, in part, by release into the systemic circulation of leptin-stimulated factors that enhance glucose utilization and reduce liver gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre A da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - John E Hall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Xuemei Dai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Mateus C Salgado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
- Centro Universitário Barão de Mauá, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jussara M do Carmo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
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Lin YE, Chen YC, Lu KH, Huang YJ, Panyod S, Liu WT, Yang SH, Lu YS, Chen MH, Sheen LY. Antidepressant-like effects of water extract of Cordyceps militaris (Linn.) Link by modulation of ROCK2/PTEN/Akt signaling in an unpredictable chronic mild stress-induced animal model. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 276:114194. [PMID: 33974945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Cordyceps militaris (Linn.) Link (CM) is a medicinal mushroom traditionally used in tonics for treating several neurological disorders, including epilepsy and anxiety, in Asia. Reports have shown that CM has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects and may be beneficial for depression management. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the potential of CM as an antidepressant for a long-term unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) rodent models and explore its underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were orally administered with 125 (low, L), 250 (medium, M), and 500 (high, H) mg/kg bodyweight (bw) of the water extract of CM (WCM) for 35 consecutive days in the UCMS protocol. The levels of cerebral serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and metabolites in the frontal cortex of the rats were measured. Blood was collected to investigate the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and the brain was dissected to assay the stress-associated ROCK2/PTEN/Akt signaling. RESULTS All doses of the WCM prevented abnormal behaviors induced by UCMS, including anhedonia and hypoactivity. The LWCM treatment reduced the turnover rate of 5-HT, and all doses of the WCM reduced the turnover rate of DA in the frontal cortex. The LWCM also attenuated the elevation of serum IL-1β induced by chronic stress. All doses of the WCM attenuated the ROCK2 protein hyperactivation, and the LWCM further increased the down-regulation of p-Akt/Akt signaling. CONCLUSION The WCM has antidepressant-like effects, which may result from the regulation of the stress-related ROCK2/PTEN/Akt pathway. Therefore, the WCM may be developed and used for the complementary treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-En Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Hung Lu
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Ju Huang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Suraphan Panyod
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ting Liu
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agricultural, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Hui Yang
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agricultural, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Sheng Lu
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agricultural, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Hsing Chen
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agricultural, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Lee-Yan Sheen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center for Food Safety Education and Research, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Villas-Boas GR, Paes MM, Gubert P, Oesterreich SA. Evaluation of the toxic potential of the aqueous extract from Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae) in rats submitted to experimental models of acute and subacute oral toxicity. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 275:114100. [PMID: 33892064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The population has traditionally used the Mangifera indica plant leaves to treat diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus and alleviate signs and symptoms such as inflammation, diarrhea, and dysentery. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the flavonoids present in the aqueous extract from M. indica leaves (EAMI) exhibited a potent hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats, promoting the widespread use of the plant by the population and highlighting the importance of investigating its oral toxicity. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to assess the toxic potential of EAMI in rats submitted to experimental models of acute and subacute (short-term) oral toxicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS For the acute toxicity test, female Wistar rats received a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of EAMI and were observed for 14 days. In the short-term toxicity test, male and female Wistar rats received repeated oral EAMI doses of 125, 250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg body weight and observed for 28 days. RESULTS The phytochemical analysis of EAMI demonstrated that the extract has high levels of flavonoids. No animals died in the acute toxicity test, and no clinical changes were observed that show signs of toxicity in the animals. There was no significant change in the weight of the organs of the animals submitted to tests with the EAMI, suggesting that LD50 is greater than 2000 mg/kg. In the conditions and doses tested in the short-term toxicity experiments, the treatment did not produce significant changes in the physiological, biochemical, hematological, and histopathological parameters in the animals evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that high doses of EAMI administered acutely, as well as all doses evaluated in the short-term oral toxicity model, should be considered safe during traditional therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Roberto Villas-Boas
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, BA, Brazil.
| | - Marina Meirelles Paes
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, BA, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Gubert
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Silvia Aparecida Oesterreich
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados, Itahum Km 12, Cidade Universitaria, Caixa. Postal 364, CEP 79804-970, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
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Santollo J, Collett JA, Edwards AA. The anti-dipsogenic and anti-natriorexigenic effects of estradiol, but not the anti-pressor effect, are lost in aged female rats. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14948. [PMID: 34288542 PMCID: PMC8290476 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) inhibits fluid intake in several species, which may help to defend fluid homeostasis by preventing excessive extracellular fluid volume. Although this phenomenon is well established using the rat model, it has only been studied directly in young adults. Because aging influences the neuronal sensitivity to E2 and the fluid intake effects of E2 are mediated in the brain, we tested the hypothesis that aging influences the fluid intake effects of E2 in female rats. To do so, we examined water and NaCl intake in addition to the pressor effect after central angiotensin II treatment in young (3-4 months), middle-aged (10-12 months), and old (16-18 months) ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol benzoate (EB). As expected, EB treatment reduced water and NaCl intake in young rats. EB treatment, however, did not reduce water intake in old rats, nor did it reduce NaCl intake in middle-aged or old rats. The ability of EB to reduce blood pressure was, in contrast, observed in all three age groups. Next, we also measured the gene expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) and the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) in the areas of the brain that control fluid balance. ERβ, G protein estrogen receptor (GPER), and AT1R were reduced in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in middle-aged and old rats, compared to young rats. These results suggest the estrogenic control of fluid intake is modified by age. Older animals lost the fluid intake effects of E2, which correlated with decreased ER and AT1R expression in the hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason A. Collett
- Department of BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and PhysiologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA
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Kanou H, Nagasawa K, Ishii Y, Chishima A, Hayashi J, Haga S, Sutherland K, Ishikawa M, Ozaki M, Shirato H, Hamada K, Hamada T. Period1 gene expression in the olfactory bulb and liver of freely moving streptozotocin-treated diabetic mouse. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 560:14-20. [PMID: 33965785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Clock genes express circadian rhythms in most organs. These rhythms are organized throughout the whole body, regulated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the brain. Disturbance of these clock gene expression rhythms is a risk factor for diseases such as obesity. In the present study, to explore the role of clock genes in developing diabetes, we examined the effect of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced high glucose on Period1 (Per1) gene expression rhythm in the liver and the olfactory bub (OB) in the brain. We found a drastic increase of Per1 expression in both tissues after STZ injection while blood glucose content was low. After a rapid expression peak, Per1 expression showed no rhythm. Associated with an increase of glucose content, behavior became arrhythmic. Finally, we succeeded in detecting an increase of Per1 expression in mice hair follicles on day 1 after STZ administration, before the onset of symptoms. These results show that elevated Per1 expression by STZ plays an important role in the aggravation of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harumi Kanou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Kouki Nagasawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Aya Chishima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Juri Hayashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Sanae Haga
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Bioimaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenneth Sutherland
- Global Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8012, Japan
| | - Masayori Ishikawa
- Global Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8012, Japan; Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University. Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Michitaka Ozaki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Bioimaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Biological Response and Regulation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shirato
- Global Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8012, Japan; Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kazuko Hamada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hamada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan; Department of Biological Response and Regulation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan; Hakujikai Institute of Gerontology, 5-11-1, Shikahama, Adachi Ward, Tokyo, 123-0864, Japan.
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Sanada K, Yoshimura M, Ikeda N, Baba K, Nishimura H, Nishimura K, Nonaka Y, Maruyama T, Miyamoto T, Mori M, Conway-Campbell B, Lightman S, Kataoka M, Ueta Y. Chemogenetic activation of endogenous arginine vasopressin exerts anorexigenic effects via central nesfatin-1/NucB2 pathway. J Physiol Sci 2021; 71:18. [PMID: 34134629 PMCID: PMC10717637 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-021-00802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether the chemogenetic activation of endogenous arginine vasopressin (AVP) affects central nesfatin-1/NucB2 neurons, using a transgenic rat line that was previously generated. Saline (1 mL/kg) or clozapine-N-oxide (CNO, 1 mg/mL/kg), an agonist for hM3Dq, was subcutaneously administered in adult male AVP-hM3Dq-mCherry transgenic rats (300-370 g). Food and water intake were significantly suppressed after subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of CNO, with aberrant circadian rhythmicity. The percentages of Fos expression in nesfatin-1/NucB2-immunoreactive neurons were significantly increased in the hypothalamus and brainstem at 120 min after s.c. injection of CNO. Suppressed food intake that was induced by chemogenetic activation of endogenous AVP was ablated after intracerebroventricularly administered nesfatin-1/NucB2-neutralizing antibody in comparison with vehicle, without any alteration of water intake nor circadian rhythmicity. These results suggest that chemogenetic activation of endogenous AVP affects, at least in part, central nesfatin-1/NucB2 neurons and may exert anorexigenic effects in the transgenic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Sanada
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK.
| | - Naofumi Ikeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Baba
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Haruki Nishimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nishimura
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yuki Nonaka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Maruyama
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsu Miyamoto
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Masatomo Mori
- Research Institute for Metabolism and Obesity, Maebashi, 371-0049, Japan
| | - Becky Conway-Campbell
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Stafford Lightman
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Masaharu Kataoka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ueta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
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Halter B, Ildari N, Cline MA, Gilbert ER. Ferulic acid, a phytochemical with transient anorexigenic effects in birds. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 259:111015. [PMID: 34119636 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic acid found within the plant cell wall that has physiological benefits as an antioxidant. Although metabolic benefits of FA supplementation are described, lacking are reports of effects on appetite regulation. Thus, our objective was to determine if FA affects food or water intake, using chicks as a model. At 4 days post-hatch, broiler chicks were intraperitoneally injected with 0 (vehicle), 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg of FA. Chicks treated with 50 mg/kg of FA consumed 70% less food than controls at 30 min post-injection, and the effect dissipated thereafter. Water intake was not affected at any time. In a behavior analysis, FA-treated chicks defecated fewer times than vehicle-injected chicks, while other behaviors were not affected. There was an increase in c-Fos immunoreactivity within the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) of FA-treated chicks, and no differences were detected in other nuclei. mRNA abundance was measured in the whole hypothalamus and the ARC. There was decreased hypothalamic galanin, ghrelin, melanocortin receptor 3, and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA in FA-treated chicks. Within the ARC, there was an increase in c-Fos mRNA and a decrease in POMC mRNA in response to FA. It is likely that the mechanism responsible for mediating FA's transient effects on food intake originates within the ARC, possibly involving POMC. A greater understanding of the short-term, mild appetite-suppressive effects of FA may have applications to treating eating disorders and modulating food intake in animal models of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey Halter
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Yang L, He ZW, He JW. The chemical profiling of aqueous soluble fraction from Lagopsis supina and its diuretic effects via suppression of AQP and RAAS pathways in saline-loaded rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 272:113951. [PMID: 33610702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lagopsis supina (Steph.) Ik. -Gal. ex Knorr. has been widely used as a remedy treatment for diuresis and edema in China over 2500 years. Our previous results showed that the aqueous soluble fraction from L. supina (LSB) possessed acute diuretic effect. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to appraise the acute (6 h) and prolonged (7 d) diuretic effects, underlying mechanisms, and chemical profiling of LSB. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical profiling of LSB was performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS/MS). Then, oral administration of LSB (40, 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg) and furosemide (10 mg/kg) once daily for 7 consecutive days to evaluate the diuretic effects in saline-loaded rats. The body weight, food consumption, and water intake were recorded once daily. The urinary volume, pH and electrolyte concentrations (Na+, K+, Cl-, and Ca2+) were measured after administration drugs for acute and prolonged diuretic effects. In addition, the serum levels of Na+-K+-ATPase, angiotensin II (Ang II), anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), aldosterone (ALD), atriopeptin (ANP), aquaporins (AQPs)-1, 2 and 3 were determined by ELISA kits. The mRNA expressions and protein levels of AQPs-1, 2 and 3 were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot assays, respectively. RESULTS 30 compounds were identified in LSB based on accurate mass and MS/MS fragmentation compared to literature, among which phenylpropanoids and flavonoids could be partly responsible for the major diuretic effect. Daily administration of LSB (160 or 320 mg/kg) prominently increased urinary excretion volume after the 2 h at the first day of treatment, remaining until the 7th day. LSB did not cause Na+ and K+ electrolyte abnormalities, and has minor effect on Cl- and Ca2+ concentrations at 320 mg/kg. Furthermore, LSB observably suppressed renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation, including decreased serum levels of Ang II, ADH, and ALD, and prominently increased serum level of ANP in rats. LSB treatment significantly down-regulated the serum levels, mRNA expressions and protein levels of AQP1, AQP2, and AQP3. CONCLUSION LSB has a prominent acute and prolonged diuretic effects via suppression of AQP and RAAS pathways in saline-loaded rats, and support the traditional folk use of this plant. Taken together, LSB might be a potential diuretic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Zhong-Wei He
- School of Information Technology, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Jun-Wei He
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
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Castro VMDD, Medeiros KCDP, Lemos LICD, Pedrosa LDFC, Ladd FVL, Carvalho TGD, Araújo Júnior RFD, Abreu BJ, Farias NBDS. S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide ameliorates duodenal morphological alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Tissue Cell 2021; 69:101483. [PMID: 33444959 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease associated with several intestinal disorders. S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide (SMCS) is an amino acid present in Allium cepa L with hypoglycemic effects. However, the effects of SMCS on diabetic intestinal changes are unknown. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of SMCS on duodenal morphology and immunomodulatory markers in diabetic rats. Twenty-six rats were divided into three groups: control (C), diabetic (D) and diabetic +200 mg/kg SMCS (DSM). DM was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). After 30 days, duodenum samples were processed to assess histopathological and stereological alterations in volume, villus length, and immunohistochemical expression of NF-kB, IL-10, BCL-2, and caspase-3. SMCS reduced hyperglycemia and mitigated the increase in total reference volume of the duodenum, the absolute volume of the mucosa, and the length of the intestinal crypts in the DMS group when compared to D. IL-10 immunostaining was reduced in D when compared to C, while NF-kB was increased in D in comparison to the other groups. SMCS supplementation could decrease the NF-kB immunostaining observed in D. Positive staining for BCL-2 and caspase-3 were not statistically different between groups. In summary, SMCS decreased hyperglycemia and mitigated the morphological changes of the duodenum in diabetic animals, and these beneficial effects can be partially explained by NF-kB modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bento João Abreu
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
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11
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Haddock CJ, Almeida-Pereira G, Stein LM, Hayes MR, Kolar GR, Samson WK, Yosten GLC. Signaling in rat brainstem via Gpr160 is required for the anorexigenic and antidipsogenic actions of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 320:R236-R249. [PMID: 33206556 PMCID: PMC7988768 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00096.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent work identified Gpr160 as a candidate receptor for cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CARTp) and described its role in pain modulation. The aims of the present study were to determine if Gpr160 is required for the CARTp's ability to reduce food intake and water intake and to initially identify the distribution of Gpr160-like immunoreactivity (Gpr160ir) in the rat brain. A passive immunoneutralization approach targeting Gpr160 was used to block the behavioral effects of a pharmacological dose of CARTp in the fourth cerebroventricle (4V) of rats and to determine the importance of endogenously produced CARTp in the control of ingestive behaviors. Passive immunoneutralization of Gpr160 in the 4V blocked the actions of CARTp to inhibit food intake and water intake. Blockade of Gpr160 in the 4V, independent of pharmacological CART treatment, caused an increase in both overnight food intake and water intake. The decrease in food intake, but not water intake, caused by central injection of CARTp was demonstrated to be interrupted by prior administration of a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor antagonist. Gpr160ir was observed in several, distinct sites throughout the rat brain, where CARTp staining has been described. Importantly, Gpr160ir was observed to be present in both neuronal and nonneuronal cell types. These data support the hypothesis that Gpr160 is required for the anorexigenic actions of central CARTp injection and extend these findings to water drinking. Gpr160ir was observed in both neuronal and nonneuronal cell types in regions known to be important in the multiple pharmacological effects of CARTp, identifying those areas as targets for future compromise of function studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Haddock
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gislaine Almeida-Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lauren M Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew R Hayes
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Grant R Kolar
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Willis K Samson
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gina L C Yosten
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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12
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D'Aquila PS, Galistu A. Further characterization of the effect of the prototypical antidepressant imipramine on the microstructure of licking for sucrose. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245559. [PMID: 33449955 PMCID: PMC7810301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that treatment with the prototypical antidepressant imipramine induced a dose-dependent reduction of the ingestion of a 10% sucrose solution, due to reduction of the licking burst number, thus suggesting reduced motivation and/or increased satiation. Importantly, the experimental sessions were performed in an alternate order, either 1-h or 24-h after imipramine administration. The observation that imipramine effect was more pronounced in the “1-h after-treatment” sessions, i.e. at the time of the brain drug Cmax, led us to suggest that it was likely related to brain drug levels at testing time. However, such an experimental design does not allow to rule out the alternative possibility that the observed effect might be due to post-session administration, as previously observed with memantine. To determine whether imipramine-induced decrease of sucrose ingestion could be observed even in absence of post-session administration, we examined the effect of a daily 22 day treatment with imipramine (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg). In the first half of the treatment period all behavioural tests were performed 1-h after administration. In the second half of the treatment period, tests were performed alternatively either 1-h or 24-h after imipramine administration. The results confirm that imipramine reduces sucrose ingestion due to a reduction of the licking burst number. Most importantly, these results demonstrate that this effect does not require imipramine post-session administration, since it was present before the beginning of post-session administrations. This supports the interpretation of the reduction of sucrose ingestion as a consequence of reduced motivation and/or increased satiation. Thus, these findings, taken together with the results of our previous study, might be relevant in explaining the effects of imipramine in models of drug-seeking and in body weight gain reduction in rats, but not in accounting for the antidepressant therapeutic effect. At variance with the results of our previous study, an increase in burst size was present in the first half of the treatment period, which might be interpreted as a prohedonic effect and/or as a compensatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo S. D'Aquila
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Adriana Galistu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Greene ES, Cauble R, Kadhim H, de Almeida Mallmann B, Gu I, Lee SO, Orlowski S, Dridi S. Protective effects of the phytogenic feed additive "comfort" on growth performance via modulation of hypothalamic feeding- and drinking-related neuropeptides in cyclic heat-stressed broilers. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106487. [PMID: 32861191 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Identification of alternatives to antibiotics in livestock and poultry is necessary. Fueled by consumer preferences, phytogenic feed additives are increasingly used in the food system; however, their mode of action is not well defined. Here, we used broiler chickens, in which appetite and feeding behavior regulation are controlled by complex mechanisms, to determine the effect of the phytogenic feed additive "comfort" (PFA-C) as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms on growth performance in heat-stressed broiler chickens. Heat stress significantly increased birds' core body temperature, water intake, and the hypothalamic expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 70, whereas it decreased feed intake, BW, and woody breast incidence. Phytogenic feed additive "comfort" supplementation downregulated the hypothalamic expression of HSP70, reduced core body temperature, increased feed and water intake, and improved BW in HS broilers. At molecular levels, the effect of PFA-C on growth performance seemed to be mediated by modulation of hypothalamic expression of melanocortin receptor 2, arginine vasopressin, aquaporin 2, and sodium and potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta 1 polypeptides. In summary, PFA-C supplementation ameliorates heat stress productivity losses via a potential cytoprotective effect, reduction of hypothalamic intracellular stress, and modulation of hypothalamic feeding- and drinking-related polypeptide expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Greene
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - R Cauble
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - H Kadhim
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - B de Almeida Mallmann
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - I Gu
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - S-O Lee
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - S Orlowski
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - S Dridi
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
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Bohler M, Gilbert ER, Cline MA. The anorexigenic effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in Japanese quail is associated with molecular changes in the arcuate and dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106499. [PMID: 32858465 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is involved in gastric smooth muscle relaxation, vasodilation, and gastric secretions. It is also associated with appetite regulation, eliciting an anorexigenic response in mammals, birds, and fish; however, the molecular mechanism mediating this response is not well understood. The aim of the present study was thus to investigate hypothalamic mechanisms mediating VIP-induced satiety in 7-d old Japanese quail. In experiment 1, chicks that received intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of VIP had reduced food intake for up to 180 min after injection and reduced water intake for 90 min. In experiment 2, VIP-treated chicks that were food restricted did not reduce water intake. In experiment 3, there was increased c-Fos immunoreactivity in the arcuate (ARC) and dorsomedial (DMN) nuclei of the hypothalamus in VIP-injected quail. In experiment 4, ICV VIP was associated with decreased neuropeptide Y mRNA in the ARC and DMN and an increase in corticotropin releasing factor mRNA in the DMN. In experiment 5, VIP-treated chicks displayed fewer feed pecks and locomotor behaviors. These results demonstrate that central VIP causes anorexigenic effects that are likely associated with reductions in orexigenic tone involving the ARC and DMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bohler
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2160 Litton-Reaves Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - E R Gilbert
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2160 Litton-Reaves Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - M A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2160 Litton-Reaves Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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15
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Us MR, Zin T, C SS, Iqbal M. Effect of syringin (eleutheroside B) on the physiological and hematological parameters in STZ induced Type II diabetic Wistar rats. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020. [PMID: 33867336 DOI: 10.36721/pjps.2020.33.6.reg.2601-2606.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the physiological indices such as body weight, food and fluid drinking concern to antidiabetic properties of syringin and its useful outcome on hematological parameters in streptozotocin stimulated diabetic rats. Six normal and 18 diabetic rats totally 24 rats have been used for the present investigation. Streptozotocin was injected in male Wistar rats to induce diabetes through intraperitoneal route. After the confirmation of diabetes, the test animals were treated with distilled water through oral route or syringin 5 mg/kg body weight/ rat /day for 10 days. The diabetic treated groups compared with the controls were evaluated based on their hematological parameters such as red blood cells, white blood cells and its functional indices. The blood glucose levels significantly decreased in syringin injected rats. The intake of water and feed in diabetic rats were significantly decreased, whereas after syringin administration the weight loss was minimized. Congruently, the level of red blood cells, white blood cells and their functional key characters were also considerably enhanced. It can be conjectured that syringin has antihyperglycemic properties. In addition, it can positively amend some hematological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadeva Rao Us
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Thant Zin
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | | | - Mudassar Iqbal
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
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16
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Ahmad N, Teh BP, Halim SZ, Zolkifli NA, Ramli N, Muhammad H. Eurycoma longifolia-Infused Coffee-An Oral Toxicity Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3125. [PMID: 33066137 PMCID: PMC7601993 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee infused with the additive Eurycoma longifolia, also known as Tongkat ali (TA), has become widely available in the Malaysian market. Safety evaluations for consumption of the products have been called for due to the herbal addition. This study investigates the acute, subacute and chronic effects of a commercial TA coffee in Sprague Dawley rats when given in a single, repeated and prolonged dosage. The dosages of 0.005, 0.05, 0.30 and 2 g/kg body weight (BW) were used in the acute study and 0.14, 0.29 and 1 g/kg BW were used in the repeated dose studies. The in-life parameters measured were food and water intake, body weight and clinical observations. Blood were collected for hematology and clinical biochemistry analyses. All animals were subjected to full necropsies. Non-toxicity-related changes were observed in the food and water consumption parameters. Body weight showed normal increments and none of the animals had any clinical signs of toxicity. Microscopically assessed organ tissues did not reveal any abnormalities. There was significant decrease of platelet count in all the chronic study male treated groups. Significant elevation of renal profile parameters in both gender groups given 0.29 g/kg BW, along with liver and lipid profile elevation in some female groups of the chronic study were noted. No dose-dependent relationship was apparent in the dosage range tested, though these changes may suggest an initial safety indication to the TA coffee. The study concludes that the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for this commercial TA coffee was 1 g/kg BW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norzahirah Ahmad
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (B.P.T.); (S.Z.H.); (N.A.Z.); (N.R.); (H.M.)
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17
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Godea Lupei S, Ciubotariu D, Danciu M, Lupușoru RV, Ghiciuc CM, Cernescu I, Gheţu N, Lupei M, Lupușoru CE. Improvement in serum lipids and liver morphology after supplementation of the diet with fish oil is more evident under regular feeding conditions than under high-fat or mixed diets in rats. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:162. [PMID: 32631338 PMCID: PMC7339424 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary n- 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have a role in preventing cardiovascular and hepatic diseases. However, their effects might differ significantly depending on individual dietary patterns. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with ω-3 fatty acids (FA), administered in different schedules, on hepatic and aortic histological structure, lipid profile, and body weight (BW) in male Wistar rats under standard (SD), high-fat diet (HFD) and mixed feeding conditions. METHODS PUFA treatment consisted of the administration of 50 mg/kg fish oil (FO) daily by oral gavage. HFD was obtained by adding a suspension of 4% cholesterol, thiouracil and cholic acid to the animals' drinking water. The rats were maintained on the diets for 6 weeks, and different schedules of PUFA administration were used. At 14, 28, and 42 days, the morphology of liver and aortic samples and the levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) were assessed. RESULTS The HFD groups exhibited significant hyperlipidemia and aortic inflammation, with progression to atherogenesis after 6 weeks. Administration of PUFAs slightly attenuated the aortic changes in these groups and reduced the liver's tendency to steatosis. FO-induced metabolic improvement was more evident in SD than in HFD rats. For instance, after the first 2 weeks, SD animals that received PUFAs had significantly increased HDL levels vs. controls (62.375 ± 4.10 vs. 52.625 ± 8.38 mg/dL, P < 0.05), but HFD rats did not, and decreased TG levels were observed exclusively in the SD rats (57.6 ± 4.09 vs. 66 ± 4.69 mg/dL, P < 0.05). After 6 weeks of n- 3 PUFA administration, LDL was significantly lower in the SD rats than in controls (13.67 ± 4.13 vs. 30.83 ± 2.86 mg/dL, P < 0.001), but the decrease in the HFD rats, although significant (49.17 ± 5.85 mg/dL vs. 57.17 ± 4.96 g/dL, P < 0.05), was not as marked. In the mixed-diet groups, administration of 50 mg/kg/day FO for 14 days under SD conditions following 4 weeks of HFD slightly decreased TG (86.625 ± 11.67 vs. 73 ± 4.52 mg/dL, P < 0.05) and increased HDL (45.875 ± 5.28 vs. 56 ± 3.16 mg/dL). However, in these animals, n-3 PUFA administration had no effect on LDL or TC. Administration of half of the above dose failed to improve any biochemical parameters. FO protected against excessive weight gain mainly under SD conditions. CONCLUSIONS The results show that FO confers more protection against cardiovascular risk factors (increased LDL and TG, decreased HDL) and liver lipid accumulation when given to rats consuming regular diets than when given to rats consuming a high-fat diet. This argues that priority should be given to consumption of a healthy diet rather than to the use of supplements. The effectiveness of n-3 PUFAs might be reduced in the case of hyperlipidic intake or after consumption of a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Godea Lupei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Diana Ciubotariu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania.
| | - Mihai Danciu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania.
| | - Raoul Vasile Lupușoru
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Irina Cernescu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Nicolae Gheţu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Regional Oncology Institute, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Mihai Lupei
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environment Protection, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Cătălina Elena Lupușoru
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
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Pauliukonis AC, Buenaventura C, Cline MA, Gilbert ER. Anorexigenic effects of substance P in Coturnix japonica. Neuropeptides 2020; 81:102045. [PMID: 32220396 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Substance P (SP) is an 11-amino acid tachykinin-related peptide that has anorexigenic effects in birds and mammals although the central mechanism is not well understood. Hence, the objective was to identify appetite-associated hypothalamic mechanisms in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Seven days post-hatch, quail were intracerebroventricularly injected with 0, 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 nmol of SP and monitored for 180 min. On a cumulative basis, quail that received 0.5 and 1.0 nmol of SP consumed less food for 90 min post-injection. On a non-cumulative basis, food intake was reduced in 0.5 nmol-injected birds at 30 min post-injection. Water intake was not affected. A comprehensive behavior analysis was performed, revealing that SP-injected chicks displayed less feeding pecks and reduced locomotion compared to vehicle-injected birds. To identify molecular mechanisms, the hypothalamus was isolated at 1 h post-injection and real-time PCR was performed to measure mRNA. Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) mRNA was reduced in SP-injected chicks. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantify c-Fos-expressing cells in appetite-associated hypothalamic nuclei. There were more reactive cells in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of SP- than vehicle-injected chicks. The LH and PVN were collected for gene expression analysis. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and urotensin 2 (UTS2) mRNAs were greater in SP- than vehicle-injected chicks in the PVN. In the LH, CRF receptor sub-type 2 (CRFR2) mRNA was greater and kappa opioid receptor mRNA was reduced in SP- compared to vehicle-injected quail. Thus, SP induces a potent anorexia in quail that coincides with increased LH-specific CRFR2 mRNA and increased UTS2 mRNA in the PVN. Future studies will evaluate whether SP-induced anorexigenic effects are mediated through CRF receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Pauliukonis
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Christopher Buenaventura
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Mark A Cline
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Seeburger VC, D’Alvise P, Shaaban B, Schweikert K, Lohaus G, Schroeder A, Hasselmann M. The trisaccharide melezitose impacts honey bees and their intestinal microbiota. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230871. [PMID: 32275718 PMCID: PMC7147780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In general, honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) feed on honey produced from collected nectar. In the absence of nectar, during certain times of the year or in monocultural landscapes, honey bees forage on honeydew. Honeydew is excreted by different herbivores of the order Hemiptera that consume phloem sap of plant species. In comparison to nectar, honeydew is composed of a higher variety of sugars and additional sugars with higher molecular weight, like the trisaccharide melezitose that can be a major constituent of honeydew. However, melezitose-containing honey is known to cause malnutrition in overwintering honey bees. Following the hypothesis that melezitose may be the cause for the so called ‘honeydew flow disease’, three independent feeding experiments with caged bees were conducted in consecutive years. Bees fed with melezitose showed increased food uptake, higher gut weights and elevated mortality compared to bees fed a control diet. Moreover, severe disease symptoms, such as swollen abdomen, abdomen tipping and impaired movement were observed in melezitose-fed bees. 16S-amplicon sequencing indicated that the melezitose diet changed the species composition of the lactic acid bacteria community within the gut microbiota. Based on these results, we conclude that melezitose cannot be easily digested by the host and may accumulate in the hindgut. Within cages or during winter, when there is no opportunity for excretion, the accumulated melezitose can cause severe intestinal symptoms and death of the bees, probably as result of poor melezitose metabolism capabilities in the intestinal microbiota. These findings confirm the causal relation between the trisaccharide melezitose and the honeydew flow disease and indicate a possible mechanism of pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Charlotte Seeburger
- Apicultural State Institute, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Department of Livestock Population Genomics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Paul D’Alvise
- Department of Livestock Population Genomics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Basel Shaaban
- Molecular Plant Science/ Plant Biochemistry, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Karsten Schweikert
- Core Facility Hohenheim and Institute of Economics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Gertrud Lohaus
- Molecular Plant Science/ Plant Biochemistry, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Annette Schroeder
- Apicultural State Institute, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hasselmann
- Department of Livestock Population Genomics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
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Alexandraki KI, Daskalakis K, Tsoli M, Grossman AB, Kaltsas GA. Endocrinological Toxicity Secondary to Treatment of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (GEP-NENs). Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:239-255. [PMID: 31839442 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are increasingly recognized, characterized by prolonged survival even with metastatic disease. Their medical treatment is complex involving various specialties, necessitating awareness of treatment-related adverse effects (AEs). As GEP-NENs express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), long-acting somatostatin analogs (SSAs) that are used for secretory syndrome and tumor control may lead to altered glucose metabolism. Everolimus and sunitinib are molecular targeted agents that affect glucose and lipid metabolism and may induce hypothyroidism or hypocalcemia, respectively. Chemotherapeutic drugs can affect the reproductive system and water homeostasis, whereas immunotherapeutic agents can cause hypophysitis and thyroiditis or other immune-mediated disorders. Treatment with radiopeptides may temporarily lead to radiation-induced hormone disturbances. As drugs targeting GEP-NENs are increasingly introduced, recognition and management of endocrine-related AEs may improve compliance and the quality of life of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystallenia I Alexandraki
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; EKPA-LAIKO ENETS Center of Excellence, Athens, Greece.
| | - Kosmas Daskalakis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; EKPA-LAIKO ENETS Center of Excellence, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Tsoli
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; EKPA-LAIKO ENETS Center of Excellence, Athens, Greece
| | - Ashley B Grossman
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Green Templeton College, Oxford, UK; Royal Free London, London, UK; Barts and the London School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Gregory A Kaltsas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; EKPA-LAIKO ENETS Center of Excellence, Athens, Greece
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21
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Wang D, Li Y, Wang N, Luo G, Wang J, Luo C, Yu W, Hao L. 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 prevents renal oxidative damage via the PARP1/SIRT1/NOX4 pathway in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E343-E356. [PMID: 31891537 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00270.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most important renal complications associated with diabetes, and the mechanisms are yet to be fully understood. To date, few studies have shown the antioxidant effects of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] on hyperglycemia-induced renal injury. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential mechanism by which 1,25(OH)2D3 reduced oxidative stress in diabetic rat kidneys. In this study, we established a vitamin D-deficient spontaneous diabetes model: 5-6 wk of age Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were treated with or without 1,25(OH)2D3 for 7 wk, age-matched Zucker lean rats served as control. Results showed that ZDF rats treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 had decreased body mass, food intake, water intake, and urine volume. 1,25(OH)2D3 ameliorated urine glucose, blood glucose and abnormal glucose tolerance. Additionally, 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly lowered microalbuminuria, decreased the glomerular basement membrane thickness, and in some degree inhibited glomerular hypertrophy, mesangial expansion, and tubular dilatation. Furthermore, 1,25(OH)2D3 attenuated renal oxidative damage, as reflected by the levels of malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, 4-hydroxynonenal, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, and reactive oxygen species production, and notably inhibited poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1), activated sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and decreased the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). Of interest, the abovementioned proteins could be involved in the antioxidant mechanism of 1,25(OH)2D3 in diabetic rat kidneys. Our study showed that oxidative stress might be a major contributor to DN pathogenesis and uncovered the antioxidant role of 1,25(OH)2D3 in diabetic nephropathy that was associated with the PARP1/SIRT1/ NOX4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Can Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liping Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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22
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Porcari CY, Debarba LK, Amigone JL, Caeiro XE, Reis LC, Cunha TM, Mecawi AS, Elias LL, Antunes-Rodrigues J, Vivas L, Godino A. Brain osmo-sodium sensitive channels and the onset of sodium appetite. Horm Behav 2020; 118:104658. [PMID: 31874139 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2019.104658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine whether the TRPV1 channel is involved in the onset of sodium appetite. For this purpose, we used TRPV1-knockout mice to investigate sodium depletion-induced drinking at different times (2/24 h) after furosemide administration combined with a low sodium diet (FURO-LSD). In sodium depleted wild type and TRPV1 KO (SD-WT/SD-TPRV1-KO) mice, we also evaluated the participation of other sodium sensors, such as TPRV4, NaX and angiotensin AT1-receptors (by RT-PCR), as well as investigating the pattern of neural activation shown by Fos immunoreactivity, in different nuclei involved in hydromineral regulation. TPRV1 SD-KO mice revealed an increased sodium preference, ingesting a higher hypertonic cocktail in comparison with SD-WT mice. Our results also showed in SD-WT animals that SFO-Trpv4 expression increased 2 h after FURO-LSD, compared to other groups, thus supporting a role of SFO-Trpv4 channels during the hyponatremic state. However, the SD-TPRV1-KO animals did not show this early increase, and maybe as a consequence drank more hypertonic cocktail. Regarding the SFO-NaX channel expression, in both genotypes our findings revealed a reduction 24 h after FURO-LSD. In addition, there was an increase in the OVLT-NaX expression of SD-WT 24 h after FURO-LSD, suggesting the participation of OVLT-NaX channels in the appearance of sodium appetite, possibly as an anticipatory response in order to limit sodium intake and to induce thirst. Our work demonstrates changes in the expression of different osmo‑sodium-sensitive channels at specific nuclei, related to the body sodium status in order to stimulate an adequate drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Porcari
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - L K Debarba
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J L Amigone
- Sección de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Privado, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - X E Caeiro
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - L C Reis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Brazil
| | - T M Cunha
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A S Mecawi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Biophysics, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L L Elias
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Antunes-Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Vivas
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A Godino
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Abstract
Reducing dietary CP can reduce N pollution. Much research has been reported in corn-based diets; however, the amino acid (AA) profiles of wheat-based diets differ. Poor performance as a result of reduced protein (RP) has been overcome in corn-based diets with essential AA and glycine (Gly) supplementation. The current study examined RP levels and Gly in wheat-based diets. An industry standard protein (SP) diet plus 3 RP diets with and without Gly supplementation, to match the SP treatment at 0.713 and 0.648% digestible Gly for the grower and finisher periods respectively, were fed to male broilers from day 10 of age. Grower CP included 22.5, 20.6, 18.3, and 17.7% (days 10–21) and finisher CP included 19.7, 17.8, 16.2, and 15.5% (days 21–35). Performance, meat yield, N efficiency, water intake, and apparent ileal digestibility of N and AA were measured. No difference in body weight gain (BWG), feed intake, or feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed at 20% CP compared to the SP treatment. However, further reducing protein reduced BWG (P < 0.001), feed intake (P < 0.001), and increased FCR (P < 0.001). Supplementation of 0.713% Gly in the grower period increased BWG (P < 0.001) and reduced FCR (P < 0.001). Relative meat yield was not affected by dietary protein, however reducing CP increased relative fat pad weight (P < 0.001). Nitrogen efficiency increased with decreased CP in both grower (R2 = 0.69) and finisher (R2 = 0.80) treatments. Water intake decreased (R2 = 0.83) with decreasing CP intake. Apparent ileal digestibility of AA and N were higher in RP diets (P < 0.05). The benefits of reduced water intake and increased N efficiency and the disadvantages of poor performance and increased body fat in RP corn-based diets have been identified in RP wheat-based diets. Furthermore, at 18.5% CP the supplementation of crystalline AA and Gly can maintain BWG and FCR observed in SP diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hilliar
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, 2351 NSW, Australia.
| | - G Hargreave
- Baiada Poultry Pty Limited, Pendle Hill, 2145 NSW, Australia
| | - C K Girish
- Nutrition and Care, Animal Nutrition, Evonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd, 609927 Singapore
| | - R Barekatain
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy Campus, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, 5371 SA, Australia
| | - S-B Wu
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, 2351 NSW, Australia
| | - R A Swick
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, 2351 NSW, Australia
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McConn BR, Newmyer BA, St John N, Tachibana T, Gilbert ER, Cline MA. The anorexigenic effect of neuropeptide K in chicks involves the paraventricular nucleus and arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Peptides 2019; 122:170157. [PMID: 31550523 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide K (NPK) induces satiety in birds and mammals. We demonstrated that in birds this effect was associated with the hypothalamus, but beyond this little is known in any species regarding the central mechanism of action. Thus, this study was designed to identify hypothalamic molecular mechanisms associated with the food intake-inhibiting effects of NPK in chicks. In Experiment 1, intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of 1.0 and 3.0 nmol of NPK reduced food intake and we identified an effective dose for microinjection. In Experiment 2, food intake was reduced when NPK was microinjected into the PVN. In Experiment 3, whole hypothalamus was collected from chicks at 1 h post-ICV NPK injection. The abundance of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) mRNA was reduced in NPK-injected chicks. In Experiment 4, within the isolated paraventricular nucleus (PVN) there was less CRF mRNA, and within the arcuate nucleus (ARC) there was less AgRP mRNA, in NPK- than vehicle-treated chicks at 1 h post-injection. We conclude that there are first order neurons for NPK that reside within the PVN, and the anorexigenic effect of NPK is associated with a decrease in AgRP in the ARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty R McConn
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, United States
| | - Brandon A Newmyer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | | | | | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, United States; School of Neuroscience Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
| | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, United States; School of Neuroscience Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States.
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25
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Pang HW, Linares A, Couling L, Santollo J, Ancheta L, Daniels D, Speth RC. Novel high molecular weight albumin-conjugated angiotensin II activates β-arrestin and G-protein pathways. Endocrine 2019; 66:349-359. [PMID: 31020463 PMCID: PMC7901354 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01930-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the ability of a novel bovine serum albumin-angiotensin II (BSA-Ang II) conjugate to effect responses of the AT1 angiotensin II receptor subtype mediated by the G-protein-coupled and the beta-arrestin pathways. METHODS Angiotensin II (Ang II) was conjugated with bovine serum albumin and compared with Ang II for competition binding to AT1 receptors, to stimulate aldosterone release from adrenocortical cells, to promote beta-arrestin binding to AT1 receptors, to promote calcium mobilization, and stimulate drinking of water and saline by rats. RESULTS The BSA-Ang II conjugate was less potent competing for AT1R binding, but was equally efficacious at stimulating aldosterone release from H295R adrenocortical cells. Both BSA-Ang II and Ang II stimulated calcium mobilization and beta-arrestin binding to AT1 receptors. BSA-Ang II and Ang II stimulated water appetite equivalently but BSA-Ang II stimulated saline appetite more than Ang II. Both BSA-Ang II and Ang II were considerably more potent at causing calcium mobilization than β-arrestin binding. CONCLUSIONS Addition of a high molecular weight molecule to Ang II reduced its AT1 receptor binding affinity, but did not significantly alter stimulation of aldosterone release or water consumption. The BSA-Ang II conjugate caused a greater saline appetite than Ang II suggesting that it may be a more efficacious agonist of this beta-arrestin-mediated response than Ang II. The higher potency calcium signaling response suggests that the G-protein-coupled responses predominate at physiological concentrations of Ang II, while the beta-arrestin response requires pathophysiological or pharmacological concentrations of Ang II to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Weng Pang
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
| | - Andrea Linares
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
| | - Leena Couling
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
| | - Jessica Santollo
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Leonardo Ancheta
- Advanced Targeting Systems, 10451 Roselle St. #300, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Derek Daniels
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
- Center for Ingestive Behavior Research, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Robert C Speth
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, College of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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Sinkalu VO, Ayo JO, Hambolu JO, Adelaiye AB, Zakari FO, Aluwong T. Changes in feed consumption and water intake among broiler chickens subjected to melatonin treatment during the hot-dry season. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 52:717-723. [PMID: 31637562 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-02061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The experiment was conducted to evaluate changes in feed consumption and water intake among broiler chickens subjected to melatonin treatment during the hot-dry season. A total of 300 broiler chicks were selected and assigned into three groups, by simple random sampling, comprising 100 chicks each: group I was exposed to natural photoperiod of about 12-h light and 12-h darkness cycle (12D/12L), without melatonin supplementation; group II was kept under 24-h continuous lighting (CL), without melatonin supplementation; and group III was raised under 24-h CL and administered daily with melatonin orally at 0.5 mg/kg (CL + MEL). Live weight (LW), feed consumption, and water intake for each group were obtained at weekly intervals over a period of 8 weeks. On day 42 of age, the LW of 2420 ± 50 g/bird was obtained in group III administered with melatonin (CL + MEL), while LW values recorded in the 12D/12L and CL groups not administered with melatonin were 1470.00 ± 30.00 and 1907.00 ± 38.00 g/bird, respectively. The mean weight gain in CL + MEL (345.00 ± 21.01 g) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of the 12D/12L (244.99 ± 18.67 g) and CL (307.48 ± 18.14 g) groups. Feed consumptions were significantly (P < 0.05) different in all the groups. Group II, raised on CL without melatonin supplementation, had the highest feed consumption value of 25.14 ± 0.51 g/bird from day 14, and attained the peak value of 206.77 ± 7.82 g/bird at day 56. The highest overall amount of water intake was recorded in the melatonin-treated group. In conclusion, melatonin administration to broiler chickens enhanced water intake but decreased feed consumption with increase in LW during the hot-dry season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Olusegun Sinkalu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Olusegun Ayo
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Olajide Hambolu
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - Friday Ocheja Zakari
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
| | - Tagang Aluwong
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Mortazaei S, Sahraei H, Bahari Z, Meftahi GH, Pirzad Jahromi G, Hatef B. Ventral tegmental area inactivation alters hormonal, metabolic, and locomotor responses to inescapable stress. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:293-301. [PMID: 29580092 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1455711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Context: The involvement of unilateral and bilateral inhibition of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in response to stress is not well understood. Objective: In the present study, the effect of unilateral and bilateral inhibition of the VTA on hormonal, metabolic, and locomotor responses to stress was assessed. Material and methods: Male rats seven days after cannulation into the VTA received electro foot-shock stress for seven consecutive days. Twenty minutes before induction of stress, 2% lidocaine hydrochloride or sterile saline (control) was injected either uni- or bi-laterally into the VTA. Results: Results showed that stress significantly increased serum corticosterone level, adrenal gland weight and anorexia, reduced weight gain, food-intake, and locomotor activity. However, bilateral inactivation of VTA prevented stress-induced these parameters changes. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the bilateral VTA blockade effectively relieves the symptoms of stress, while the unilateral VTA blockade does not significantly improve the changes caused by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hedayat Sahraei
- b Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Zahra Bahari
- c Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Gholam Hossein Meftahi
- b Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Gila Pirzad Jahromi
- b Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Boshra Hatef
- b Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Mahía J, Bernal A, Puerto A. Effects of oxytocin administration on the hydromineral balance of median eminence-lesioned rats. J Neuroendocrinol 2019; 31:e12778. [PMID: 31393999 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the clinical setting, acute injuries in hypothalamic mediobasal regions, along with polydipsia and polyuria, have been observed in patients with cerebral salt wasting (CSW). CSW is also characterised by hypovolaemia and hyponatraemia as a result of an early increase in natriuretic peptide activity. Salt and additional amounts of fluid are the main treatment for this disorder. Similarly, experimental lesions to these brain regions, which include the median eminence (ME), produce a well-documented neurological model of polydipsia and polyuria in rats, which is preceded by an early sodium excretion of unknown cause. In the present study, oxytocin (OT) was used to increase the renal sodium loss and prolong the hydroelectrolyte abnormalities of ME-lesioned animals during the first few hours post-surgery. The objective was to determine whether OT-treated ME-lesioned animals increase their sodium appetite and water intake to restore the volume and composition of extracellular body fluid. Electrolytic lesion of the ME increased water intake, urinary volume and sodium excretion of food-deprived rats and also decreased urine osmolality and estimated plasma sodium concentration. OT administration at 8 hours post-surgery reduced water intake, urine output and plasma sodium concentration and also increased urine osmolality and urine sodium excretion between 8 and 24 hours post-lesion. From 24 to 30 hours, more water and hypertonic NaCl was consumed by OT-treated ME-lesioned rats than by physiological saline-treated-ME-lesioned animals. Food availability from 30 to 48 hours reduced the intake of hypertonic saline solution by ME/OT animals, which increased their water and food intake during this period. OT administration therefore appears to enhance the natriuretic effect of ME lesion, producing hydroelectrolyte changes that reduce the water intake of food-deprived animals. Conversely, the presence of hypertonic NaCl increases the fluid intake of these animals, possibly as a result of the plasma sodium depletion and hypovolaemic states previously generated. Finally, the subsequent increase in food intake by ME/OT animals reduces their need for hypertonic NaCl but not water, possibly in response to osmotic thirst. These results are discussed in relation to a possible transient activation of the ME with the consequent secretion of natriuretic peptides stored in terminal swellings, which would be augmented by OT administration. Electrolytic lesion of the ME may therefore represent a useful neurobiological model of CSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Mahía
- Department of Psychobiology and Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Bernal
- Department of Psychobiology and Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Amadeo Puerto
- Department of Psychobiology and Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Zhou JY, Zhang SW, Lin HL, Gao CQ, Yan HC, Wang XQ. Hydrolyzed wheat gluten alleviates deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal injury by promoting intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation via upregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110579. [PMID: 31202940 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Disintegration of the intestine caused by deoxynivalenol (DON), which is a fungal metabolite found in cereal grain-based human and animal diets, triggers severe intestinal inflammatory disease. Hydrolyzed wheat gluten (HWG) can promote the development of intestine. Therefore, HWG was administered orally to male mice on 1-14 days, and DON was administered to them on 4-11 days. Feed, water intake and body weight were recorded all over the experimental period. Blood samples were collected then the mice were sacrificed to collect the jejunum for crypt isolation and culture. The intestinal morphology was observed by electron microscopy, and Western blotting was used to investigate intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation and differentiation, as well as the primary regulatory mechanism of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The results showed that HWG increased the average daily gain and average daily water intake of mice under DON-induced injury conditions, and increased the jejunum weight, villous height in the jejunum, and promoted jejunal crypt cell expansion. The DON-induced decrease in Wnt/β-catenin activity, the expression of Ki67, PCNA and KRT20 were rescued by HWG in the jejunum, crypt and enteroid, as well as the number of goblet cells and Paneth cells. Furthermore, HWG increased jejunum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity. In conclusion, HWG alleviates DON-induced intestinal injury by enhancing ISC proliferation and differentiation in a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Zhou
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Sai-Wu Zhang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Hua-Lin Lin
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Chun-Qi Gao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Hui-Chao Yan
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Xiu-Qi Wang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China.
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Wang J, DePena M, Taylor G, Gilbert ER, Cline MA. Hypothalamic mechanism of corticotropin-releasing factor's anorexigenic effect in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 276:22-29. [PMID: 30769012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Central administration of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), a 41-amino acid peptide, is associated with anorexigenic effects across various species, with particularly potent reductions in food intake in rodents and chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus), a species for which the most is known. The purpose of the current study was to determine the hypothalamic mechanism of CRF-induced anorexigenic effects in 7 day-old Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), a less-intensely-selected gallinaceous relative to the chicken that can provide more evolutionary perspective. After intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of 2, 22, or 222 pmol of CRF, a dose-dependent decrease in food intake was observed that lasted for 3 and 24 h for the 22 and 222 pmol doses, respectively. The 2 pmol dose had no effect on food or water intake. The numbers of c-Fos immunoreactive cells were increased in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) at 1 h post-injection in quail injected with 22 pmol of CRF. The hypothalamic mRNA abundance of proopiomelanocortin, melanocortin receptor subtype 4, CRF, and CRF receptor sub-type 2 was increased at 1 h in quail treated with 22 pmol of CRF. Behavior analyses demonstrated that CRF injection reduced feeding pecks and jumps and increased the time spent standing. In conclusion, results demonstrate that the anorexigenic effects of CRF in Japanese quail are likely influenced by the interaction between CRF and melanocortin systems and that injection of CRF results in species-specific behavioral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Wang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Mara DePena
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Graham Taylor
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States; Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Mark A Cline
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States; Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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McConn BR, Koskinen A, Denbow DM, Gilbert ER, Siegel PB, Cline MA. Central injection of oxytocin reduces food intake and affects hypothalamic and adipose tissue gene expression in chickens. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019; 67:11-20. [PMID: 30660023 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a well-characterized neurotransmitter that participates in a wide range of physiological processes including the inhibition of food intake. The avian ortholog, mesotocin (MT), differs from OT by a single amino acid. Little is known regarding the function of OT in regulating energy balance in birds; thus, this study was designed to determine the effects of central OT injection on food intake and adipose tissue physiology in chicks. At 4-d post-hatch, broiler chicks were fasted for 3 h and injected intracerebroventricularly with 0 (vehicle), 0.63, 2.5, 5.0, or 10 nmol OT. Oxytocin decreased food and water intake during the entire 180-min observation period. The reduction in water intake was likely not prandial because chicks that were food restricted after OT injection also drank less. There was increased c-Fos immunoreactivity in several appetite-associated hypothalamic nuclei in OT-injected chicks at 1 h, including the arcuate (ARC), dorsomedial nucleus (DMN), lateral hypothalamus (LH), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). OT treatment was associated with reduced hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA and increased cloacal temperature at 1 h post-injection. We then investigated appetite- and adipose tissue-associated effects of OT in chicks from lines that have undergone long-term selection for either low (LWS) or high (HWS) juvenile body weight. Central injection of OT decreased food intake in both lines with the magnitude of response greater in the HWS than LWS chicks. Adipose tissue abundance of fatty acid-binding protein 4, monoglyceride lipase (MGLL), MT, and perilipin-1 mRNA was greater in LWS than HWS chicks. Lipoprotein lipase, MGLL, and MT mRNAs increased in response to OT injection in LWS but not HWS chicks. In conclusion, central injection of OT induced anorexia, reduced water intake, increased body temperature, and was associated with activation of the ARC, DMN, LH, PVN, and VMH in the hypothalamus. The effects on appetite and body temperature may involve CRF signaling in the hypothalamus and lipolysis in the adipose tissue, respectively. There were differences in the appetite, and adipose tissue response to OT in body weight-selected lines of chicks supports that MT plays a role in energy balance regulation in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty R McConn
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Anna Koskinen
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - D Michael Denbow
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Paul B Siegel
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Almeida-Pereira G, Vilhena-Franco T, Coletti R, Cognuck SQ, Silva HVP, Elias LLK, Antunes-Rodrigues J. 17β-Estradiol attenuates p38MAPK activity but not PKCα induced by angiotensin II in the brain. J Endocrinol 2019; 240:345-360. [PMID: 30508412 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
17β-Estradiol (E2) has been shown to modulate the renin-angiotensin system in hydromineral and blood pressure homeostasis mainly by attenuating angiotensin II (ANGII) actions. However, the cellular mechanisms of the interaction between E2 and angiotensin II (ANGII) and its physiological role are largely unknown. The present experiments were performed to better understand the interaction between ANGII and E2 in body fluid control in female ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The present results are the first to demonstrate that PKC/p38 MAPK signaling is involved in ANGII-induced water and sodium intake and oxytocin (OT) secretion in OVX rats. In addition, previous data from our group revealed that the ANGII-induced vasopressin (AVP) secretion requires ERK1/2 signaling. Therefore, taken together, the present observations support a novel concept that distinct intracellular ANGII signaling gives rise to distinct neurohypophyseal hormone release. Furthermore, the results show that E2 attenuates p38 MAPK phosphorylation in response to ANGII but not PKC activity in the hypothalamus and the lamina terminalis, suggesting that E2 modulates ANGII effects through the attenuation of the MAPK pathway. In conclusion, this work contributes to the further understanding of the interaction between E2 and ANGII signaling in hydromineral homeostasis, as well as it contributes to further elucidate the physiological relevance of PKC/p38 MAPK signaling on the fluid intake and neurohypophyseal release induced by ANGII.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Almeida-Pereira
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - T Vilhena-Franco
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - R Coletti
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - S Q Cognuck
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - H V P Silva
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - L L K Elias
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - J Antunes-Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Guimarães J, Bargut TCL, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Aguila MB. Medium-chain triglyceride reinforce the hepatic damage caused by fructose intake in mice. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2019; 140:64-71. [PMID: 30553406 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effects of medium-chain triglyceride oil on the high fructose diet-provoked hepatic abnormalities in mice. We used C57bl/6 mice of 3-months-old divided into four groups for 12 weeks: control (C), control with MCT (C-MCT), fructose (F), and fructose with MCT (F-MCT). We investigated food and water intake, body mass, blood pressure, glucose tolerance, plasma and liver biochemistry, hepatic protein and gene expression. There were no changes in body mass, food intake and glucose tolerance among the groups. The F group presented increased water intake and blood pressure associated with hepatic steatosis and elevated de novo lipogenesis, beta-oxidation, mitochondrial biogenesis and inflammation in the liver. Surprisingly, the C-MCT group also showed hepatic steatosis and inflammation in the liver, and the F-MCT group had no exacerbations of fructose-induced abnormalities, showing marked hepatic steatosis, lipogenesis de novo and hepatic inflammation. The MCT oil groups also presented increased beta-oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis. In conclusion, MCT oil showed detrimental hepatic effects and should be used with caution, especially in the presence of hepatic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Guimarães
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Barbosa Aguila
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Santollo J, Daniels D. Anorexigenic effects of estradiol in the medial preoptic area occur through membrane-associated estrogen receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Horm Behav 2019; 107:20-25. [PMID: 30462987 PMCID: PMC6348004 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Activation of membrane-associated estrogen receptors (mER) decreases food and water intake in female rats. Additional studies suggest these effects are mediated, at least in part, by membrane-associated estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Nevertheless, the critical site of action and the intracellular signaling required for the ingestive effects of ERα remain unclear. Estradiol given to the medial preoptic area (mPOA) decreases ingestive behaviors, and membrane-associated ERα has been shown to affect intracellular signaling through interactions with metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) subtypes, but an involvement of this signaling pathway, in the mPOA, in ingestive behavior remains untested. To address these open questions, we first showed that activation of mER in the mPOA decreased both overnight food and water intake, and did so in a time course consistent with a genomic mechanism of action. Next, we tested the requirement of mGluR1a signaling in the mPOA for the anorexigenic and anti-dipsogenic effects of estradiol. As expected, estradiol in the mPOA decreased food intake, but only in the absence of an mGluR1a antagonist. The same was not true for estradiol effects on water intake, which were unaffected by an mGluR1a antagonist. These results suggest that estrogens require mGluR activation for at least some of their effects on ingestive behaviors, and indicate that the mPOA is a critical site of action. The results also reveal an interesting divergence in the estrogenic control of ingestive behavior by which mGluR signaling in the mPOA plays a role in the control of food intake, but not water intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Santollo
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - Derek Daniels
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
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Li X, Yi H, Wang H. Sulphur dioxide and arsenic affect male reproduction via interfering with spermatogenesis in mice. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 165:164-173. [PMID: 30195209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As two potential environmental hazards, sulphur dioxide (SO2) and arsenic have adverse effects on male reproduction, but the mechanism of which and their combined toxicity are not clear. In this study, we investigate male reproductive toxicity with a focus on spermatogenesis by treating mice with 5 mg/m3 SO2 and/or 5 mg/L arsenic. Our results showed that arsenic exposure caused significant decreases in water and food consumption and body weight in mice, whereas these changes were not observed in the SO2-only group. Both SO2 and arsenic reduced sperm counts, increased the percentage of sperm malformation, and induced abnormal testicular pathological changes. Elevated H2O2 and MDA contents, declined T-SOD activity, decreased spermatogenic cell counts, enhanced caspase-3 activity, and increased TUNEL-positive cells were also observed in mice exposed to SO2 and/or arsenic. Moreover, SO2 and arsenic co-exposure changed the mRNA levels of Bax and Bcl-2, decreased serum testosterone levels, and downregulated the expression of steroidogenic-related genes (LHR, StAR, and ABP) in mice. These findings provide a new theoretical basis for understanding how SO2 and arsenic interfere with spermatogenesis leading to infertility. These results also suggest that SO2 and arsenic co-exposure likely result in an additive effect on male reproductive toxicity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Huilan Yi
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Wang Y, Li M, Ni Z. Primary study on the hypoglycemic mechanism of 5rolGLP-HV in STZ-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus mice. J Biosci 2018; 43:921-929. [PMID: 30541952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
5rolGLP-HV is a promising dual-function peptide for the treatment of diabetes and thrombosis simultaneously. For investigating the therapeutic mechanism of 5rolGLP-HV for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), STZ-induced diabetic mice were established and treated with 5rolGLP-HV. The results showed that daily water and food intake, blood glucose, serum and pancreatic insulin levels significantly decreased after 5rolGLP-HV treatment with various oral concentrations, and 16 mg/kg was the optimal dose for controlling diabetes. 5rolGLP-HV treatment decreased the MDA levels and the T-SOD activity in serum and pancreatic of diabetic mice (but not up to significant difference), and significantly increased the expression of signal pathways related genes of rolGLP-1, also the density of insulin expression and the numbers of apoptosis cells in islets of diabetic mice were significantly decreased in comparison to the negative diabetic mice. These effects above may be clarified the hypoglycemic mechanisms of 5rolGLP-HV, and 5rolGLP-HV may be as a potential drug for diabetes in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Lianyungang Maternal and Children's Health Hospital, Lianyungang 222001, Jiangsu, China
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Mei H, Xu J, He Y, Yang X, Liu W, Tian W, Zeng YU, Zhu J. Protein-rich extract of Musca domestica larvae alleviated metabolic disorder in STZ-induced type 2 diabetic rat model via hepatoprotective and pancreatic β-cell protective activities. J Biosci 2018; 43:969-983. [PMID: 30541957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The study was designed to explore the beneficial effect of Musca domestica larvae extract (MDLE) on a metabolic disorder using a diabetic rat model. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with or without MDLE. Blood glucose, insulin levels, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress markers were measured. The morphological changes in the pancreas and liver were determined, as well as insulin expression. The expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), phospho-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK)/total AMPK, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) were detected. Compared with untreated diabetic rats, MDLEtreated rats had decreased urine volume, food intake, and water intake, along with significantly lower levels of blood glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA), plasma triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol. MDLEtreated rats also had higher levels of SOD activity, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and insulin. MDLE treatment partially restored the β-cell population, improved the liver necrosis and islet cell damage, reversed the decreased expression of GLUT4, phospho-AMPK, SOD1, and CAT in the liver, skeletal muscle and pancreatic tissue, and also increased the expression of PPARγ in the liver and adipose tissue in diabetic rats. In conclusion, the obtained results suggest that MDLE could possibly be used pharmacologically as an adjuvant for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfang Mei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
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Abrantes MA, Valencia AM, Bany-Mohammed F, Aranda JV, Beharry KD. Dose response effects of postnatal hydrocortisone on growth and growth factors in the neonatal rat. Steroids 2018; 140:1-10. [PMID: 30142369 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hydrocortisone (HC), at different dosages, is used in critically ill newborns for lung stability, blood pressure support, and prevention of chronic lung disease (CLD). Its long-term effects on postnatal growth are not well studied. We hypothesized that early exposure to high doses of HC adversely affects growth, growth factors, metabolic hormones, and neurological outcomes, persisting in adulthood. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Rat pups received a single daily intramuscular dose of HC (1 mg/kg/day, 5 mg/kg/day, or 10 mg/kg/day on days 3, 4 & 5 postnatal age (P3, P4, P5). Age-matched controls received equivalent volume saline. Body weight, linear growth, and neurological outcomes were monitored. Animals were sacrificed at P21, P45, and P70 for blood glucose, insulin, IGF-I, GH, leptin, and corticosterone levels. Liver mRNA expression of IGFs and IGFBPs were determined at P21 and P70. Memory and learning abilities were tested using the Morris water maze test at P70. RESULTS HC suppressed body weight and length at P12, P21 and P45, but by P70 there was catchup overgrowth in the 5 and 10 mg/kg/day groups. At P70 blood insulin, IGF-I, GH, and leptin levels were low, whereas blood glucose, and liver IGFs and IGFBPs were high in the high dose groups. High HC also caused delayed memory and learning abilities at P70. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that while higher doses of HC may be required for hemodynamic stability and prevention of CLD, these doses may result in growth deficits, as well as neurological and metabolic sequelae in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Abrantes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Kaiser Permanente, Anaheim, CA 92806, USA
| | - Arwin M Valencia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Saddleback Memorial Medical Center, Laguna Hills, CA 92653, USA
| | - Fayez Bany-Mohammed
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
| | - Jacob V Aranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
| | - Kay D Beharry
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
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Shikano K, Taniuchi S, Iwakoshi-Ukena E, Furumitsu M, Bentley GE, Kriegsfeld LJ, Ukena K. Chronic subcutaneous infusion of neurosecretory protein GM increases body mass gain in chicks. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 265:71-76. [PMID: 29155267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently we discovered a small hypothalamic protein in the chicken, named neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), which is associated with body growth and energy metabolism in birds and rodents. Genome database analysis suggested that the NPGL gene has a paralogous gene in vertebrates, named neurosecretory protein GM (NPGM). However, the biological action of NPGM remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether NPGM affects body growth in chicks. We found that subcutaneous infusion of NPGM for six days increased body mass gain in a dose-dependent manner. Despite the observed increase in body mass, infusion of NPGM did not alter food and water intake. Of note, we observed tendency of mass increase of several peripheral tissues, specifically. When we compared several tissue types, NPGM seemed to induce the largest growth increase in white adipose tissue mass. These results suggest that NPGM may accelerate fat accumulation and body growth. In addition, we analyzed whether NPGM increases body growth through the action of pituitary hormones. However, we observed no significant changes in mRNA expression of pituitary hormones or plasma levels of growth hormone in NPGM-treated chicks. This is the first report describing the biological action of NPGM in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshiro Shikano
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Shusuke Taniuchi
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; Department of Integrative Biology and The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | - Megumi Furumitsu
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - George E Bentley
- Department of Integrative Biology and The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | - Lance J Kriegsfeld
- Department of Psychology and the Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | - Kazuyoshi Ukena
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; Department of Psychology and the Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA.
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Hardy RN, Simsek ZD, Curry B, Core SL, Beltz T, Xue B, Johnson AK, Thunhorst RL, Curtis KS. Aging affects isoproterenol-induced water drinking, astrocyte density, and central neuronal activation in female Brown Norway rats. Physiol Behav 2018; 192:90-97. [PMID: 29518407 PMCID: PMC6019141 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Age-dependent impairments in the central control of compensatory responses to body fluid challenges have received scant experimental attention, especially in females. In the present study, we found that water drinking in response to β-adrenergic activation with isoproterenol (30 μg/kg, s.c.) was reduced by more than half in aged (25 mo) vs. young (5 mo) ovariectomized female Brown Norway rats. To determine whether this age-related decrease in water intake was accompanied by changes in central nervous system areas associated with fluid balance, we assessed astrocyte density and neuronal activation in the SFO, OVLT, SON, AP and NTS of these rats using immunohistochemical labeling for GFAP and c-fos, respectively. GFAP labeling intensity was increased in the SFO, AP, and NTS of aged females independent of treatment, and was increased in the OVLT of isoproterenol-treated rats independent of age. Fos immunolabeling in response to isoproterenol was reduced in both the SFO and the OVLT of aged females compared to young females, but was increased in the SON of female rats of both ages. Finally, fos labeling in the AP and caudal NTS of aged rats was elevated after vehicle control treatment and did not increase in response to isoproterenol as it did in young females. Thus, age-related declines in water drinking are accompanied by site-specific, age-related changes in astrocyte density and neuronal activation. We suggest that astrocyte density may alter the detection and/or processing of signals related to isoproterenol treatment, and thereby alter neuronal activation in areas associated with fluid balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N Hardy
- Oklahoma State University - Center of Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, United States
| | - Zinar D Simsek
- Oklahoma State University - Center of Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, United States
| | - Brandon Curry
- Oklahoma State University - Center of Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, United States
| | - Sheri L Core
- Oklahoma State University - Center of Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, United States
| | - Terry Beltz
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Baojian Xue
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | | | | | - Kathleen S Curtis
- Oklahoma State University - Center of Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, United States.
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da Rocha CF, de Medeiros Souza Lima Y, Carvalho HO, Pinto RC, Ferreira IM, Castro AN, Lima CS, Carvalho JCT. Action of the hydroethanolic extract of the flowers of Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. Jansen on the reproductive performance of Wistar females rats: A popular female aphrodisiac from the Amazon. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 214:301-308. [PMID: 29273437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The species Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. Jansen (Asteraceae), popularly known as jambú, is marketed in fairs as a female aphrodisiac and has several pharmacological activities already confirmed, among them the sexual stimulant action. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the oral administration of the hydroethanolic extract of A. oleracea flowers (EHAo) on wistar rats during the pre-mating, mating, and pre-implantation period. MATERIAL AND METHODS During the treatment period, measurements of feed intake, water intake, weight, estrous cycle, behavior, reproductive parameters, biochemical parameters, hematological parameters, and histopathology of ovaries were performed daily. RESULTS In the gas chromatography analysis - mass spectrometry characterization, the compound (2E, 6Z, 8E) -N-isobutyldeca-2,6,8-trienamide (spilanthol) was detected as the majority compound at the 84% concentration. In the conditions of this study, EHAo did not cause maternal toxicity. However, in the estrous cycle, the frequency of the Proestrous (P) and Estrous (E) phase was significantly increased with the doses of 88.91 and 444.57mg/kg of the EHAo in relation to the control. On the other hand, the metaestrous (M) and diestrous (D) phases showed a significant reduction in their frequency in the groups treated with EHAo. Water intake increased significantly (p < 0.01), as well as the triglyceride levels, the total cholesterol and fractions (p < 0.05), and the percentage of neutrophils (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION It is concluded, therefore, that the treatment with EHAo, which is one of the forms popularly used, is safe in the concentrations and time of treatment studied as it is able to influence the estrous cycle without altering folliculogenesis and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Flexa da Rocha
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, km 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil; Laboratório de Toxicologia Reprodutiva, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Yuri de Medeiros Souza Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Helison Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, km 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Costa Pinto
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, km 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil; Laboratório de Toxicologia Reprodutiva, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Irlon Maciel Ferreira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, km 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Andres Navarrete Castro
- Laboratorio de Farmacologia de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Farmacia, Faculdade de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Clarissa Silva Lima
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, km 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil; Laboratório de Toxicologia Reprodutiva, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, km 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Macapá, AP 68903-419, Brazil; Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Brazil.
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HSIAO CY, HSU YJ, TUNG YT, LEE MC, HUANG CC, HSIEH CC. Effects of Antrodia camphorata and Panax ginseng supplementation on anti-fatigue properties in mice. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:284-291. [PMID: 29276207 PMCID: PMC5836765 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata and Panax ginseng are well-known medicinal plants in Taiwan folk and traditional Chinese medicine, which have been reported for multifunctional bioactivities. However, there is limited evidence that a fixed combination formula of these two plant extracts is effective for the exercise improvement or anti-fatigue. We aimed to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of the mix formulation of these two herbal medicines (AG formulation) on fatigue and ergogenic functions following physiological challenge. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice from four groups (n=10 per group) were orally administered AG formulation for 4 weeks at 0.984, 2.952 and 5.904 g/kg/day, which were designated the Vehicle, AG-1X, AG-3X and AG-6X groups, respectively. The anti-fatigue activity and exercise performance were evaluated using exhaustive swimming time, forelimb grip strength, and levels of serum lactate, ammonia, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatine kinase (CK) after a swimming exercise. The exhaustive swimming time of the 1X, 3X or 6X AG group was significantly longer than that of the Vehicle group, and the forelimb grip strength of the 1X, 3X or 6X AG group was also significantly higher than that of the Vehicle group. AG supplementation also produced decreases in serum lactate, ammonia, BUN and CK activity after the swimming test, as well as increases in glucose. Therefore, the AG complex could be a potential formulation with an anti-fatigue pharmacological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu HSIAO
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung
University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research
Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of
Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang
Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju HSU
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport
University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang TUNG
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences,
Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Chien LEE
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport
University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang HUANG
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport
University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences,
Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - City C. HSIEH
- Department of Physical Education, National Tsing Hua
University, Hsinchu City 30014, Taiwan
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Al-Afifi NA, Alabsi AM, Bakri MM, Ramanathan A. Acute and sub-acute oral toxicity of Dracaena cinnabari resin methanol extract in rats. BMC Complement Altern Med 2018; 18:50. [PMID: 29402248 PMCID: PMC5800047 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2110-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dracaena cinnabari (DC) is a perennial tree that located on the Southern coast of Yemen native to the Socotra Island. This tree produces a deep red resin known as the Dragon's blood, the Twobrother's Blood or Damm Alakhwain. The current study performed to evaluate the safety of the DC resin methanol extract after a single or 28 consecutive daily oral administrations. METHODS In assessing the safety of DC resin methanol extract, acute and sub-acute oral toxicity tests performed following OECD guidelines 423 and 407, respectively, with slight modifications. In acute oral toxicity test, DC resin methanol extract administered to female Sprague Dawley rats by oral gavage at a single dose of 300 and 2000 mg/kg body weight. Rats observed for toxic signs for 14 days. In sub-acute oral toxicity test, DC resin methanol extract administered to the rats by oral gavage at 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg body weight daily up to 28 days to male and female Spradgue Dawley rats. The control and high dose in satellite groups were also maintained and handled as the previous groups to determine the late onset toxicity of DC resin methanol extract. At the end of each test, hematological and biochemical analysis of the collected blood were performed as well as gross and microscopic pathology. RESULTS In acute oral toxicity, no treatment-related death or toxic signs were observed. It revealed that the DC resin methanol extract could be well tolerated up to the dose 2000 mg/kg body weight and could be classified as Category 5. The sub-acute test observations indicated that there are no treatment-related changes up to the high dose level compared to the control. Food consumption, body weight, organ weight, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters and histopathological examination (liver, kidney, heart, spleen and lung) revealed no abnormalities. Water intake was significantly higher in the DC resin methanol extract treated groups compared to the control. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates tolerability of DC resin methanol extract administered daily for 28 days up to 1500 mg/kg dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwan Abdullah Al-Afifi
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aied Mohammed Alabsi
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, 42610 Jenjarom, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Marina Mohd Bakri
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia
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Santollo J, Volcko KL, Daniels D. Sex Differences in the Behavioral Desensitization of Water Intake Observed After Repeated Central Injections of Angiotensin II. Endocrinology 2018; 159:676-684. [PMID: 29186291 PMCID: PMC5774252 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate that the angiotensin type 1 receptor rapidly desensitizes after exposure to angiotensin II (AngII). Behaviorally, this likely underlies the reduced drinking observed after acute repeated central injections of AngII. To date, this phenomenon has been studied exclusively in male subjects. Because there are sex differences in the dipsogenic potency of AngII, we hypothesized that sex differences also exist in desensitization caused by AngII. As expected, when male rats were pretreated with AngII, they drank less water after a test injection of AngII than did rats pretreated with vehicle. Intact cycling female rats, however, drank similar amounts of water after AngII regardless of the pretreatment. To probe the mechanism underlying this sex difference, we tested the role of gonadal hormones in adult and developing rats. Gonadectomy in adults did not produce a male-like propensity for desensitization of water intake in female rats, nor did it produce a female-like response in male rats. To test if neonatal brain masculinization generated a male-like responsiveness, female pups were treated at birth with vehicle, testosterone propionate (TP), or dihydrotestosterone (DHT). When tested as adults, TP-treated female rats showed a male-like desensitization after repeated AngII that was not found in vehicle- or DHT-treated rats. Together, these data reveal a striking sex difference in the behavioral response to elevated AngII that is mediated by organizational effects of gonadal hormones and provide an example of one of the many ways that sex influences the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Santollo
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506
| | - K. Linnea Volcko
- Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260
| | - Derek Daniels
- Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260
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Shikano K, Kato M, Iwakoshi-Ukena E, Furumitsu M, Matsuura D, Masuda K, Tachibana T, Bentley GE, Kriegsfeld LJ, Ukena K. Effects of chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of neurosecretory protein GL on body mass and food and water intake in chicks. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 256:37-42. [PMID: 28554734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we discovered a novel cDNA encoding the precursor of a small secretory protein, neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), in the chicken mediobasal hypothalamus. In this study, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that NPGL was produced in the infundibular and medial mammillary nuclei of the mediobasal hypothalamus, with immunoreactive fibers also detected in the hypothalamus and the median eminence. As it is known that these regions are involved in feeding behavior in chicks, we surveyed the effects of chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of NPGL on feeding behavior and body mass for a period of two weeks. NPGL stimulated food and water intake, with a concomitant increase in body mass. However, NPGL did not influence mRNA expression of several hypothalamic ingestion-related neuropeptides. Our data suggest that NPGL may be a novel neuronal regulator involved in growth processes in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshiro Shikano
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Masaki Kato
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; Department of Integrative Biology, The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | - Megumi Furumitsu
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Daichi Matsuura
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Keiko Masuda
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tachibana
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - George E Bentley
- Department of Integrative Biology, The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | - Lance J Kriegsfeld
- Department of Psychology, The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | - Kazuyoshi Ukena
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; Department of Psychology, The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA.
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Oludare GO, Ilo OJ, Lamidi BA. Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and High Saline Intake on Blood Pressure, Angiogenic Factors and Liver Enzymes of Pregnant Rats. Niger J Physiol Sci 2017; 32:129-136. [PMID: 29485632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of high salt water intake and lipopolysaccharide injection as probable rat models of preeclampsia during pregnancy. Thirty-three female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 150-170g were divided into 4 groups of the control (normal saline), high salt water intake (1.8% NaCl from days 13-18 of pregnancy), lipopolysaccharide group (40 µg/kg b.w. ip injection from day 16-18 of pregnancy) and high salt water (1.8% NaCl) and lipopolysaccharide injection (40 µg/kg b.w i.p. from days 16-18 of pregnancy). Urine samples were collected on day 18 of pregnancy and the animals were sacrificed on day 19 of pregnancy for blood pressure parameters, angiogenic and liver enzyme assays. The systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure of pregnant rats on high saline intake increased significantly when compared with control. Fetal weight was decreased while VEGF levels were increased in this group and no difference was found in the protein and liver enzyme levels. Decreased fetal weight was also observed in HS + lip group accompanied with an increase in PIGF, and VEGF levels with no change in blood pressure, protein and liver enzymes. Similar result was found in the Lipopolysaccharide alone group but with additional changes such as increase in VEGFR-1 levels and protein levels. Both high salt and lipopolysaccharide presents preeclampsia symptoms but the absence of protein in the urine in high salt water intake group as well as the inability of lipopolysaccharide to increase blood pressure suggest that both substances might not be ideal for preeclampsia research in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- G O Oludare
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Lagos.
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Kammoun I, Bkhairia I, Ben Abdallah F, Jaballi I, Ktari N, Boudawara O, Nasri M, Gharsallah N, Hakim A, Ben Amara I. Potential protective effects of polysaccharide extracted from Ulva lactuca against male reprotoxicity induced by thiacloprid. Arch Physiol Biochem 2017; 123:334-343. [PMID: 28692354 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1347686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polysaccharides (PSs) from seaweeds have been reported to possess biological activity of potential medicinal values. OBJECTIVE The current study was conducted to establish the protective effects of PS extracted from Ulva lactuca against oxidative stress induced by Thiacloprid (THC) in the rat reproductive system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were exposed either to THC, THC + PS (100 mg/kg), or THC + PS (200 mg/kg). RESULTS Our study showed that THC induced severe disorders in the functional sperm parameters. A decrease in antioxidant activities and their genes expression were observed in the same group, compared to the controls. Our molecular data showing also a severe DNA breakdown in the testis of THC treated group. Moreover, THC treated group showed severe histopathological changes. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that PS extracted from Ulva lactuca alleviated the THC induced reprotoxicity and reduced oxidative stress damages, DNA breakdown and histological injuries in the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intissar Kammoun
- a Unit of Functional Genomics and Plant Physiology , Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
- b Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied on Culture improvement of Plants (LR/01/ES-23), Sciences Faculty of Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Intidhar Bkhairia
- c Laboratory of Enzyme engineering and Microbiology, National Engineering School in Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ben Abdallah
- d Laboratory of Histology Embryology and Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Imen Jaballi
- a Unit of Functional Genomics and Plant Physiology , Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
- e Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Naourez Ktari
- c Laboratory of Enzyme engineering and Microbiology, National Engineering School in Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Ons Boudawara
- f Laboratory of Anatomopathology , CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Moncef Nasri
- c Laboratory of Enzyme engineering and Microbiology, National Engineering School in Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Neji Gharsallah
- b Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied on Culture improvement of Plants (LR/01/ES-23), Sciences Faculty of Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Hakim
- e Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Ibtissem Ben Amara
- a Unit of Functional Genomics and Plant Physiology , Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
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Milošević MD, Paunović MG, Matić MM, Ognjanović BI, Saičić ZS. The ameliorating effects of selenium and vitamin C against fenitrothion-induced blood toxicity in Wistar rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 56:204-209. [PMID: 28961515 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fenitrothion is widely used organophosphate pesticide in agriculture and health programs, but besides, it causes several toxic effects. The present study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of selenium (0.5mg/kg b.w.) and vitamin C (100mg/kg b.w) on altered haematological, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in the blood of rats orally treated with fenitrothion (20mg/kg b.w) for 30days. Fenitrothion caused changes in body weight, food and water intake, and some haematological and biochemical parameters. Fenitrothion altered the glutathione redox status (GSH and GSSG) and decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, GST, SOD and CAT), leading to a lipid peroxidation. Selenium and vitamin C, by improving the activity of antioxidants, reduced oxidative stress and a lipid peroxidation, maintaining the values of examined parameters to optimal levels. Therefore, selenium and vitamin C could be useful in providing protection of exposed non-target organisms including people from fenitrothion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija D Milošević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Milica G Paunović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Miloš M Matić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Branka I Ognjanović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Zorica S Saičić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.
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Olatunji LA, Usman TO, Akinade AI, Adeyanju OA, Kim I, Soladoye AO. Low-dose spironolactone ameliorates insulin resistance and suppresses elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 during gestational testosterone exposure. Arch Physiol Biochem 2017; 123:286-292. [PMID: 28480754 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1320681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Elevated gestational circulating testosterone has been associated with pathological pregnancies that increase the risk of development of cardiometabolic disorder in later life. OBJECTIVE We hypothesised that gestational testosterone exposure, in late pregnancy, causes glucose deregulation and atherogenic dyslipidaemia that would be accompanied by high plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). The study also hypothesise that low-dose spironolactone treatment would ameliorate these effects. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats received vehicle, testosterone (0.5 mg/kg; sc), spironolactone (0.5 mg/kg, po) or testosterone and spironolactone daily between gestational days 15 and 19. RESULTS Gestational testosterone exposure led to increased HOMA-IR, circulating insulin, testosterone, 1-h post-load glucose, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, PLR, PAI-1 and MDA. However, all these effects, except that of circulating testosterone, were ameliorated by spironolactone. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that low-dose spironolactone ameliorates glucose deregulation and atherogenic dyslipidaemia during elevated gestational testosterone exposure, at least in part, by suppressing elevated PAI-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A Olatunji
- a Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory , College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin , Ilorin , Nigeria
| | - Taofeek O Usman
- a Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory , College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin , Ilorin , Nigeria
- b Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Unit, College of Health sciences , Osun State University , Osogbo , Nigeria
| | - Aminat I Akinade
- a Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory , College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin , Ilorin , Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun A Adeyanju
- a Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory , College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin , Ilorin , Nigeria
| | - InKyeom Kim
- c Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute , Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Ayodele O Soladoye
- a Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory , College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin , Ilorin , Nigeria
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Lucke A, Doupovec B, Paulsen P, Zebeli Q, Böhm J. Effects of low to moderate levels of deoxynivalenol on feed and water intake, weight gain, and slaughtering traits of broiler chickens. Mycotoxin Res 2017; 33:261-271. [PMID: 28687998 PMCID: PMC5644695 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-017-0284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of low to moderate oral exposure to the Fusarium toxin deoxynivalenol (DON; derived from culture material) on performance, water intake, and carcass parameters of broilers during early and late developmental phases. A total of 160 Ross 308 broilers were randomly allocated to four different feeding groups (n = 40/group) including 0 (control), 2.5, 5, and 10 mg DON/kg wheat-soybean meal-based feed. Three consecutive replicates of the experiment were performed. Half of the broilers were slaughtered in week 3 of the trial whereas the other half were slaughtered in week 5. Dry matter intake (DMI) and water intake (WI) were recorded on a daily basis and the body weight (BW) and BW gain (BWG) were determined weekly. The following carcass traits were recorded and calculated in absolute and relative data: dressed carcass weight, breast muscle weight, leg weight, and liver weight. Data showed that BW (P < 0.001), BWG (P = 0.005), and DMI (P < 0.001) were reduced by DON-feeding during the entire feeding period. The ratio of DMI to body weight gain (DMI/BWG) was not affected by the treatment. However, the ratio of water to DMI (WI/DMI) increased in DON-treated birds (P = 0.021). Contrast analysis showed that DON tendentially reduced slaughter weight (P = 0.082) and decreased leg yield (P = 0.037) in DON-fed chickens in week 5 of the experiment. Liver organ weight decreased in the 3-week-old DON-fed broilers compared to that in the control-fed birds (P = 0.037). In conclusion, the study suggests that DMI and BW were negatively affected under the experimental conditions at DON levels lower than the current guidance value in the European Union of 5 mg/kg feed. The study also indicates that broilers fed on low to moderate level DON-contaminated diets showed increased WI/DMI ratio which might have negative influence on wet litter syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lucke
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Doupovec
- BIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - P Paulsen
- Institute of Meat Hygiene, Meat Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animal and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Q Zebeli
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Böhm
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
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