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Chen B, Chen X, Hu R, Li H, Wang M, Zhou L, Chen H, Wang J, Zhang H, Zhou X, Zhang H. Alternative polyadenylation regulates the translation of metabolic and inflammation-related proteins in adipose tissue of gestational diabetes mellitus. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1298-1310. [PMID: 38560280 PMCID: PMC10978812 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), adipose tissue undergoes metabolic disturbances and chronic low-grade inflammation. Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a post-transcriptional modification mechanism that generates mRNA with variable lengths of 3' untranslated regions (3'UTR), and it is associated with inflammation and metabolism. However, the role of APA in GDM adipose tissue has not been well characterized. In this study, we conducted transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing on subcutaneous and omental adipose tissues from both control and GDM patients. Using Dapars, a novel APA quantitative algorithm, we delineated the APA landscape of adipose tissue, revealing significant 3'UTR elongation of mRNAs in the GDM group. Omental adipose tissue exhibited a significant correlation between elongated 3'UTRs and reduced translation levels of genes related to metabolism and inflammation. Validation experiments in THP-1 derived macrophages (TDMs) demonstrated the impact of APA on translation levels by overexpressing long and short 3'UTR isoforms of a representative gene LRRC25. Additionally, LRRC25 was validated to suppress proinflammatory polarization in TDMs. Further exploration revealed two underexpressed APA trans-acting factors, CSTF3 and PPP1CB, in GDM omental adipose tissue. In conclusion, this study provides preliminary insights into the APA landscape of GDM adipose tissue. Reduced APA regulation in GDM omental adipose tissue may contribute to metabolic disorders and inflammation by downregulating gene translation levels. These findings advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying GDM-associated adipose tissue changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingnan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuyang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruohan Hu
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linwei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianqi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Chechekhin VI, Kulebyakin KY, Kalinina NI, Tyurin-Kuzmin PA. Noradrenaline and serotonin-dependent sensitization of MSCs to noradrenaline. MethodsX 2024; 12:102587. [PMID: 38328505 PMCID: PMC10847780 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem and progenitor cells are characterized by peculiar mechanisms of hormonal regulation. Here we describe a protocol of analysis of hormonal cross-talk in adipose tissue derived multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Specifically, cells were treated by a "sensitizing" hormone/neuromediator followed by the measurement of cellular Ca2+ response to the "readout" hormone after various time intervals. This protocol was successfully used in studies demonstrating a permissive effect of noradrenaline and 5-HT on MSCs sensitivity to noradrenaline, which is a predictive marker of the development of obesity-associated arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim I. Chechekhin
- Department of Biochemistry and Regenerative Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Konstantin Yu. Kulebyakin
- Department of Biochemistry and Regenerative Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Natalia I. Kalinina
- Department of Biochemistry and Regenerative Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Pyotr A. Tyurin-Kuzmin
- Department of Biochemistry and Regenerative Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Quarleri J, Delpino MV. The interplay of aging, adipose tissue, and COVID-19: a potent alliance with implications for health. GeroScience 2024; 46:2915-2932. [PMID: 38191833 PMCID: PMC11009220 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has emerged as a significant public health challenge. With the ongoing increase in life expectancy, the prevalence of obesity is steadily growing, particularly among older age demographics. The extension of life expectancy frequently results in additional years of vulnerability to chronic health issues associated with obesity in the elderly.The concept of SARS-CoV-2 directly infecting adipose tissue stems from the fact that both adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction cells express ACE2, the primary receptor facilitating SARS-CoV-2 entry. It is noteworthy that adipose tissue demonstrates ACE2 expression levels similar to those found in the lungs within the same individual. Additionally, ACE2 expression in the adipose tissue of obese individuals surpasses that in non-obese counterparts. Viral attachment to ACE2 has the potential to disturb the equilibrium of renin-angiotensin system homeostasis, leading to an exacerbated inflammatory response.Consequently, adipose tissue has been investigated as a potential site for active SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting its plausible role in virus persistence and contribution to both acute and long-term consequences associated with COVID-19.This review is dedicated to presenting current evidence concerning the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the adipose tissue of elderly individuals infected with the virus. Both obesity and aging are circumstances that contribute to severe health challenges, heightening the risk of disease and mortality. We will particularly focus on examining the mechanisms implicated in the long-term consequences, with the intention of providing insights into potential strategies for mitigating the aftermath of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Quarleri
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Paraguay 2155, Piso 11, C1121ABG, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - M Victoria Delpino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Paraguay 2155, Piso 11, C1121ABG, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Rezaeian P, Backlund JYC, Zaveri M, Nakanishi R, Matsumoto S, Alani A, Razipour A, Lachin JM, Budoff M. Epicardial and intra-thoracic adipose tissue and cardiovascular calcifications in type 1 diabetes (T1D) in epidemiology of diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC): A pilot study. Am J Prev Cardiol 2024; 18:100650. [PMID: 38584607 PMCID: PMC10995972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2024.100650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Coronary artery, aortic valve, and descending aorta calcification (CAC, AVC, DAC) are manifestations of atherosclerosis, and cardiac epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) indicates heart adiposity. This study explored the association between cardiac adipose tissue and cardiovascular calcification in participants with long-standing T1D. Methods EAT and intra-thoracic adipose tissue (IAT) were measured in 100 T1D subjects with cardiac computed tomography (CT) scans in the EDIC study. Volume analysis software was used to measure fat volumes. Spearman correlations were calculated between CAC, AVC, DAC with EAT, and IAT. Associations were evaluated using multiple linear and logistic regression models. Results Participants ranged in age from 32 to 57. Mean EAT, and IAT were 38.5 and 50.8 mm3, respectively, and the prevalence of CAC, AVC, and DAC was 43.6 %, 4.7 %, and 26.8 %, respectively. CAC was positively correlated with age (p-value = 0.0001) and EAT (p-value = 0.0149) but not with AVC and DAC; IAT was not associated with calcified lesions. In models adjusted for age and sex, higher levels of EAT and IAT were associated with higher CAC (p-value < 0.0001 for both) and higher AVC (p-values of 0.0111 and 0.0053, respectively), but not with DAC. The associations with CAC remained significant (p-value < 0.0001) after further adjustment for smoking, systolic blood pressure, BMI, and LDL, while the associations with AVC did not remain significant. Conclusion In participants with T1D, higher EAT and IAT levels are correlated with higher CAC scores. EAT and IAT were not independently correlated with DAC or AVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panteha Rezaeian
- Torrance Memorial Physician Network-Cedars-Sinai Health System affiliate, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jye-Yu C Backlund
- The Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mohammed Zaveri
- Department of Medicine Emanate Health Medical Group, West Covina, CA, USA
| | - Rine Nakanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suguru Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiology, Kouiki Monbetsu Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Anas Alani
- Department of Cardiology, University of Loma Linda, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Aryabod Razipour
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John M Lachin
- The Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Lindquist Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124W Carson St, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
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Azzi E, Fayyad-Kazan M, Kabrita CS. Characterization of circulating leptin-receptor levels following acute sleep restriction: A pilot study on healthy adult females. Physiol Behav 2024; 279:114543. [PMID: 38565330 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient sleep adversely affects energy homeostasis by decreasing leptin levels. The underlying physiological mechanisms; however, remain unclear. Circulating leptin is well described to be regulated by its soluble receptor (sOB-R). Intriguingly, the impact of short sleep duration on sOB-R levels has never been characterized. AIM In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the variation of sOB-R levels and its temporal relationship with circulating leptin upon acute sleep restriction. METHODS Five adult females were maintained on an 8-hour sleep schedule (bedtime at 00:00) for 1 week before restricting their sleep to 4.5 h (bedtime at 03:30) on 2 consecutive nights. Balanced meals were scheduled to specific hours and sleep was objectively measured. Four-hour blood samples were regularly collected during waking hours between 08:00 and 00:00. RESULTS Sleep restriction resulted in lower leptin (20.9 ± 1.7 vs 25.7 ± 1.7 ng/ml) and higher sOB-R concentrations (24.4 ± 1.2 vs 19.8 ± 1.6 ng/ml). Neither the discordant temporal relationship nor the pattern of leptin and sOB-R were altered in response to sleep restriction. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that sleep restriction may modulate circulating leptin levels and possibly metabolism via upregulating its soluble receptor. This observation may have valuable therapeutic implications when considering sOB-R as a potential target during the management of metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissar Azzi
- Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU), Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Sciences, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan
- The American University of Iraq-Baghdad (AUIB), College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Colette S Kabrita
- Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU), Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Sciences, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon; The American University of Iraq-Baghdad (AUIB), College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq.
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Ozawa R, Iwata H, Kuwayama T, Shirasuna K. Maternal hypertensive condition alters adipose tissue function and blood pressure sensitivity in offspring. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 707:149617. [PMID: 38520942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and fetal growth restriction during pregnancy, suggesting that the preeclamptic intrauterine environment may affect the growth and health of the offspring. This study aimed to how maternal hypertension affects male offspring growth, focusing on lipid metabolism and blood pressure in mice. Female mice were infused with angiotensin II (Ang II) on gestational day 12. Dysregulation and accumulation of lipid were observed in the placenta of Ang II-induced maternal hypertensive dams, associating with fetal growth restriction. Ang II-offspring showed lower birth weight than in the control-offspring. Isolated and differentiated adipocyte from neonatal mice of Ang II-dams showed higher Pparγ mRNA expression compared with the control group. Lower body weight tendency had continued in Ang II-offspring during long period, body weight of Ang II-offspring caught up the control-offspring at 16 weeks of age. The adipose tissue of Ang II-offspring in adult also showed higher Pparγ mRNA expression with the accumulation of neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes than in those control. In addition, Ang II-offspring had higher basal blood pressure and higher sensitivity to hypertensive stimuli than in the control-offspring. Taken together, maternal hypertension induced by Ang II changes placental function, causing a lower birth weight. These changes in the intrauterine environment may affect adipocyte function and blood pressure of offspring after growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Ozawa
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 234-0034, Japan
| | - Hisataka Iwata
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 234-0034, Japan
| | - Takehito Kuwayama
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 234-0034, Japan
| | - Koumei Shirasuna
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 234-0034, Japan.
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Bavaresco A, Mazzeo P, Lazzara M, Barbot M. Adipose tissue in cortisol excess: What Cushing's syndrome can teach us? Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116137. [PMID: 38494065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a rare condition due to prolonged exposure to elevated circulating cortisol levels that features its typical phenotype characterised by moon face, proximal myopathy, easy bruising, hirsutism in females and a centripetal distribution of body fat. Given the direct and indirect effects of hypercortisolism, CS is a severe disease burdened by increased cardio-metabolic morbidity and mortality in which visceral adiposity plays a leading role. Although not commonly found in clinical setting, endogenous CS is definitely underestimated leading to delayed diagnosis with consequent increased rate of complications and reduced likelihood of their reversal after disease control. Most of all, CS is a unique model for systemic impairment induced by exogenous glucocorticoid therapy that is commonly prescribed for a number of chronic conditions in a relevant proportion of the worldwide population. In this review we aim to summarise on one side, the mechanisms behind visceral adiposity and lipid metabolism impairment in CS during active disease and after remission and on the other explore the potential role of cortisol in promoting adipose tissue accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bavaresco
- Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Mazzeo
- Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Martina Lazzara
- Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mattia Barbot
- Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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Łukaszuk B, Supruniuk E, Chabowski A, Mikłosz A. Adipose tissue place of origin and obesity influence sphingolipid signaling pathway in the adipocytes differentiated from ADMSCs isolated from morbidly obese women. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116158. [PMID: 38521475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) are a component of adipose tissue that in recent years has gained on importance. The progenitor cells serve as an essentially unlimited source of new adipocytes and therefore are considered to be an important determinant of the tissue's physiology. In this paper we investigated mature adipocytes differentiated from ADMSCs obtained from subcutaneous/visceral fat of patients with different metabolic status (lean, obese without and with metabolic syndrome). We focused our interests on the sphingolipid signaling pathway, i.e.a signal transduction system indispensable for cells functioning, but also implicated in the development of medical conditions associated with obesity. We observed that the cells derived from visceral tissue had significantly greater levels of almost all the examined sphingolipids (especially Cer, dhCer, SM). Moreover, obesity and metabolic syndrome present in donor patients was associated with an increased level of sphingosine kinase (SPHK) and the product of its reaction sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Moreover, the condition appeared to display a tissue specific pattern. Namely, the adipocytes of subcutaneous provenance had an increased activation of ceramide de novo synthesis pathway when the donors of ADMSCs had metabolic syndrome. The above translated into greater accumulation of ceramide in the cells. To our knowledge this is the first study that demonstrated altered sphingolipid profile in the mature adipocytes differentiated from ADMSCs with respect to the stem cells tissue of origin and the donor patient metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Łukaszuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Mikłosz
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Cresswell E, Basty N, Atabaki Pasdar N, Karpe F, Pinnick KE. The value of neck adipose tissue as a predictor for metabolic risk in health and type 2 diabetes. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116171. [PMID: 38552854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Upper-body adiposity is adversely associated with metabolic health whereas the opposite is observed for the lower-body. The neck is a unique upper-body fat depot in adult humans, housing thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT), which is increasingly recognised to influence whole-body metabolic health. Loss of BAT, concurrent with replacement by white adipose tissue (WAT), may contribute to metabolic disease, and specific accumulation of neck fat is seen in certain conditions accompanied by adverse metabolic consequences. Yet, few studies have investigated the relationships between neck fat mass (NFM) and cardiometabolic risk, and the influence of sex and metabolic status. Typically, neck circumference (NC) is used as a proxy for neck fat, without considering other determinants of NC, including variability in neck lean mass. In this study we develop and validate novel methods to quantify NFM using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) imaging, and subsequently investigate the associations of NFM with metabolic biomarkers across approximately 7000 subjects from the Oxford BioBank. NFM correlated with systemic insulin resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; HOMA-IR), low-grade inflammation (plasma high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein; hsCRP), and metabolic markers of adipose tissue function (plasma triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids; NEFA). NFM was higher in men than women, higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with non-diabetes, after adjustment for total body fat, and also associated with overall cardiovascular disease risk (calculated QRISK3 score). This study describes the development of methods for accurate determination of NFM at scale and suggests a specific relationship between NFM and adverse metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cresswell
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicolas Basty
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Naeimeh Atabaki Pasdar
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Science, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
| | - Katherine E Pinnick
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Nakamura A, Kido T, Seki Y, Suka M. Zinc deficiency affects insulin secretion and alters insulin-regulated metabolic signaling in rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127375. [PMID: 38184923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The essential trace element zinc is important in stabilizing pancreatic insulin secretion. Zinc not only influences the synthesis of insulin but also affects its activity. Insulin not only exerts a hypoglycemic effect but also regulates glucose and lipid metabolisms in insulin target organs. In this study, we aimed to determine changes to pancreatic β cells and insulin secretion induced by different zinc concentrations and to evaluate the effect of zinc deficiency on glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and insulin target organs via changing insulin levels. METHODS We set up two experimental trials. In the first trial, male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups. Group one (ZnC) received a standard diet, group two (ZnF) was given a zinc-free diet, and group three (ZnFC) was initially fed a zinc-free diet followed by a reversion to the standard diet. After sacrifice, we observed changes in blood parameters, including insulin, and examined alterations in pancreatic tissue using immunostaining, with focus on the localization of pancreatic β-cells. In the second trial, male SD rats were split into two groups, with one receiving a standard diet and the other a zinc-free diet. Oral glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests were then performed. After sacrifice, we evaluated changes in lipid and glucose metabolism within insulin target organs using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS In the first trial, blood insulin levels and the area of insulin-positive staining in pancreatic β-cells decreased in the ZnF compared to the ZnC group. The ZnFC group did not show recovery in either blood insulin levels or the area of insulin-positive staining in pancreatic β-cells. In the second trial, no differences were observed in glucose tolerance or insulin resistance between the ZnC and ZnF groups. However, changes in the expression of insulin target genes were noted in the liver and adipose tissue in the ZnF group. CONCLUSION We reveal that dietary zinc concentrations not only affect the concentration of insulin in the blood but also impact the localization of pancreatic β-cells involved in insulin production. Furthermore, our results suggest that changes in blood insulin levels, induced by different zinc concentrations, could cause metabolic alterations in insulin target organs such as the liver and adipose tissue. This study sheds more light on the role of zinc in insulin-regulated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nakamura
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Takamasa Kido
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Seki
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Machi Suka
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
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Caviness PC, Lazarenko OP, Blackburn ML, Chen JF, Randolph CE, Zabaleta J, Zhan F, Chen JR. Phenolic acids prevent sex-steroid deficiency-induced bone loss and bone marrow adipogenesis in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 127:109601. [PMID: 38367948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Phenolic acids, such as hippuric acid (HA) and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (3-3-PPA), can be produced from microbiome digestion of polyphenols. Previously it was found that HA and 3-3-PPA facilitate bone formation and suppress bone resorption. However, the mechanism of action by which HA and 3-3-PPA protect bone from degeneration is currently unknown. In this report, we present that HA and 3-3-PPA suppression of bone resorption is able to ameliorate bone loss in an ovariectomy (OVX) osteopenic mouse model though not to the extent of Zoledronic acid (ZA). HA and 3-3-PPA treatments were shown to significantly decrease bone marrow adipocyte-like cell formation and inhibited gene expression of key adipogenesis regulator peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) in bone from OVX mice. In addition, ChIP experiments showed that the association between PPARγ and Lpl promoter region in preadipocyte-like cells was significantly suppressed following HA or 3-3-PPA treatment. Contrasting HA and 3-3-PPA, ZA significantly increased TRAP activity in the area close to growth plate and significantly suppressed bone cell proliferation. These data suggest that phenolics acids such as HA or 3-3-PPA may prevent bone degeneration after OVX through suppression of inflammatory milieu in the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry C Caviness
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Oxana P Lazarenko
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Michael L Blackburn
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Jennifer F Chen
- Undergraduate Pre-Medical Program, University of Arkansas at Fayetteville, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Christopher E Randolph
- Center for Translational Pediatric Research, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas 72202, USA
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Los Angeles 70112, USA
| | - Fenghuang Zhan
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Jin-Ran Chen
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.
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12
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Epanomeritakis IE, Khan WS. Adipose-derived regenerative therapies for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:324-333. [DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i4.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition with a significant disease burden and no disease-modifying therapy. Definitive treatment ultimately requires joint replacement. Therapies capable of regenerating cartilage could significantly reduce financial and clinical costs. The regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been extensively studied in the context of knee osteoarthritis. This has yielded promising results in human studies, and is likely a product of immunomodulatory and chondroprotective biomolecules produced by MSCs in response to inflammation. Adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) are becoming increasingly popular owing to their relative ease of isolation and high proliferative capacity. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and micro-fragmented adipose tissue (MFAT) are produced by the enzymatic and mechanical disruption of adipose tissue, respectively. This avoids expansion of isolated ASCs ex vivo and their composition of heterogeneous cell populations, including immune cells, may potentiate the reparative function of ASCs. In this editorial, we comment on a multicenter randomized trial regarding the efficacy of MFAT in treating knee osteoarthritis. We discuss the study’s findings in the context of emerging evidence regarding adipose-derived regenerative therapies. An underlying mechanism of action of ASCs is proposed while drawing important distinctions between the properties of isolated ASCs, SVF, and MFAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias E Epanomeritakis
- Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Wasim S Khan
- Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
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13
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Hamid RR, Hoseini R, Rahim HA. Impact of Combined Aerobic Training and Magnesium Supplementation on Serum Biomarkers and microRNA-155 and microRNA-21 Expression in Adipose Tissue of Type 2 Diabetic Rats: An Eight-Week Interventional Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04186-5. [PMID: 38658451 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. Aerobic training (AT) and magnesium supplementation (Mg) have both been independently shown to have beneficial effects on glucose control and insulin sensitivity in individuals with T2DM. However, the potential synergistic effects of combining AT and Mg supplementation have not been extensively studied. This study aimed to investigate the effects of an 8-week AT and Mg supplementation on serum levels of insulin, glucose, leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB, as well as the expression of mir-155 and mir-21 in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of rats with T2DM. METHODS For this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats were induced with T2DM by a high-fat diet combined with a low-dose streptozotocin injection. The rats were randomly assigned to four groups: AT and Mg supplementation (AT + Mg), AT (5 days/week for 8 weeks), Mg supplementation (received daily supplementation of Mg chloride), and diabetic control (C). An 8-week AT program was implemented, with gradually increasing the intensity and duration to reach 25 m/min and 60 min in the 8th week, respectively. The training intensity was set at 50-60% of VO2max. The Mg groups were provided with rat diets containing 1000 mg/kg of Mg. The AT + Mg group received both interventions, while the C group served as the untreated control. Serum biomarkers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and VAT samples were collected for gene expression analysis using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Serum biomarker analysis revealed that the AT + Mg group had a significant decrease in fasting insulin (p = 0.001) and serum glucose (p = 0.001), as well as an increase in adiponectin levels compared to the C group (p = 0.002). Additionally, the AT + Mg group showed a significant reduction in serum leptin, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NF-κB, as well as downregulation of mir-155 and mir-21 in the VAT compared to the other groups. The AT group also showed improvements in several parameters, while the Mg group had fewer significant differences compared to the C group. CONCLUSION The combination of AT and Mg supplementation provides a synergistic effect that improves serum biomarkers and downregulates pro-inflammatory microRNAs in the VAT of T2DM rats. Meanwhile, Mg supplementation alone does not have a significant effect on pro-inflammatory microRNAs in the VAT. These findings suggest that such combined interventions could be a promising strategy for managing T2DM, potentially ameliorating inflammatory states and improving metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Raed Hamid
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Garmian, Garmian, 46021, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, P.O. Box. 0776009060, Iran
| | - Rastegar Hoseini
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, P.O. Box. 0776009060, Iran.
| | - Hiwa Ahmed Rahim
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Halabja, Halabja, 46018, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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14
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Zeng B, Shen Q, Wang B, Tang X, Jiang J, Zheng Y, Huang H, Zhuo W, Wang W, Gao Y, Li X, Wang S, Li W, Qian G, Qin J, Hou M, Lv H. Spexin ameliorated obesity-related metabolic disorders through promoting white adipose browning mediated by JAK2-STAT3 pathway. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:22. [PMID: 38658956 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00790-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spexin, a 14 amino acid peptide, has been reported to regulate obesity and its associated complications. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanism. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of spexin on obesity and explore the detailed molecular mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce obesity, and mice fed a standard fat diet were used as controls. Then, these mice were treated with SPX or Vehicle by intraperitoneal injection for an additional 12 weeks, respectively. The metabolic profile, fat-browning specific markers and mitochondrial contents were detected. In vitro, 3T3-L1 cells were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS After 12 weeks of treatment, SPX significantly decreased body weight, serum lipid levels, and improved insulin sensitivity in HFD-induced obese mice. Moreover, SPX was found to promote oxygen consumption in HFD mice, and it increased mitochondrial content as well as the expression of brown-specific markers in white adipose tissue (WAT) of HFD mice. These results were consistent with the increase in mitochondrial content and the expression of brown-specific markers in 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes. Of note, the spexin-mediated beneficial pro-browning actions were abolished by the JAK2/STAT3 pathway antagonists in mature 3T3-L1 cells. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that spexin ameliorates obesity-induced metabolic disorders by improving WAT browning via activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Therefore, SPX may serve as a new therapeutic candidate for treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihe Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 223002, Huai'an, China
| | - Qin Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiming Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongbiao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenyu Zhuo
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Wang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China.
| | - Haitao Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 215025, Suzhou, China.
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15
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Kleeschulte S, Fischinger V, Öhlke L, Bode J, Kamler M, Dobrev D, Grandoch M, Fender AC. The thrombin receptor PAR4 supports visceral adipose tissue inflammation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03097-5. [PMID: 38652276 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Thrombin inhibition suppresses adiposity, WAT inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in mice. Protease-activated receptor (PAR)1 does not account for thrombin-driven obesity, so we explored the culprit role of PAR4 in this context. Male WT and PAR-4-/- mice received a high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks, WT controls received standard chow. Body fat was quantified by NMR. Epididymal WAT was assessed by histology, immunohistochemistry, qPCR and lipase activity assay. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated ± thrombin, acutely stimulated ± PAR4 activating peptide (AP) and assessed by immunoblot, qPCR and U937 monocyte adhesion. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) from obese and lean patients was assessed by immunoblot. PAR4 was upregulated in mouse WAT under HFD. PAR4-/- mice developed less visceral adiposity and glucose intolerance under HFD, featuring smaller adipocytes, fewer macrophages and lower expression of adipogenic (leptin, PPARγ) and pro-inflammatory genes (CCL2, IL-1β) in WAT. HFD-modified activity and expression of lipases or perilipin were unaffected by PAR4 deletion. 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiated with thrombin retained Ki67 expression, further upregulated IL-1β and CCL2 and were more adhesive for monocytes. In mature adipocytes, PAR4-AP increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 and AKT, upregulated Ki67, CCl2, IL-β and hyaluronan synthase 1 but not TNF-α mRNA, and augmented hyaluronidase-sensitive monocyte adhesion. Obese human EAT expressed more PAR4, CD68 and CD54 than lean EAT. PAR4 upregulated in obesity supports adipocyte hypertrophy, WAT expansion and thrombo-inflammation. The emerging PAR4 antagonists provide a therapeutic perspective in this context beyond their canonical antiplatelet action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Kleeschulte
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vivien Fischinger
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisa Öhlke
- Institute for Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Bode
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute for Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute for Translational Pharmacology and CARID Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anke C Fender
- Institute for Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
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16
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Kim DY, Ko E, Ryu YH, Lee SJ, Jun YJ. Hyaluronic Acid Based Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Matrix Scaffold in Wound Healing: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024:10.1007/s13770-024-00644-2. [PMID: 38647955 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00644-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we explored the potential of human adipose tissue-derived extracellular matrix (adECM) sheets augmented with crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) as advanced wound dressings. We aimed to enhance healing efficacy while optimizing cost efficiency. METHODS The adECM was processed from healthy donor tissue and combined with crosslinked HA to form ECM-HA sheets (Scaffiller, Medikan, Korea). In vitro experiments involved seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto these sheets and assessing cell survival and cytokine production. In vivo testing utilized a rat wound model, comparing ECM-HA sheet with HA-based dressing and polyurethane foam dressing. Re-epithelialization and collagen deposition were examined through histopathological examinations, whereas immunohistochemistry was used to assess CD31, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and Tenascin C expression as contributing factors to wound healing. RESULTS Results indicated that ECM-HA sheets were produced efficiently, with enhanced growth factor production and ASC survival observed in vitro. In vivo, ECM-HA sheets demonstrated accelerated wound healing, evidenced by improved epithelialization, thicker dermis, increased collagen deposition, and enhanced vascularity. Notably, they exhibited reduced myofibroblast activity and increased expression of Tenascin C, suggesting a favorable healing environment. CONCLUSION ECM-HA sheets offer a promising approach for wound management, combining the benefits of adECM and HA. They present improved stability and cost-effectiveness while promoting essential aspects of wound healing such as angiogenesis and collagen formation. This study underscores the therapeutic potential of ECM-HA sheets in clinical applications aimed at facilitating wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yeon Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjeong Ko
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Ryu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joon Jun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Donovan GM, Wang CJ, Noble PB, Wang KCW. Adipose tissue in the small airways: How much is enough to drive functional changes? J Theor Biol 2024:111835. [PMID: 38643962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a contributing factor to asthma severity; while it has long been understood that obesity is related to greater asthma burden, the mechanisms though which this occurs have not been fully elucidated. One common explanation is that obesity mechanically reduces lung volume through accumulation of adipose tissue external to the thoracic cavity. However, it has been recently demonstrated that there is substantial adipose tissue within the airway wall itself, and that the presence of adipose tissue within the airway wall is related to body mass index. This suggests the possibility of an additional mechanism by which obesity may worsen asthma, namely by altering the behaviour of the airways themselves. To this end, we modify Anafi & Wilson's classic model of the bistable terminal airway to incorporate adipose tissue within the airway wall in order to answer the question of how much adipose tissue would be required in order to drive substantive functional changes. This analysis suggests that adipose tissue within the airway wall on the order of 1%-2% of total airway cross-sectional area could be sufficient to drive meaningful changes, and further that these changes may interact with volume effects to magnify the overall burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Donovan
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - C J Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - P B Noble
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - K C W Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
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18
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Bastard JP, Dridi-Brahimi I, Vatier C, Fellahi S, Fève B. Biological markers of adipose tissue: Adipokines. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2024:S0003-4266(24)00050-7. [PMID: 38614158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
We currently have a large sum of clinical and experimental data documenting the involvement of numerous adipokines in the maintenance of energy homeostasis in healthy individuals and their dysregulation in diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes. Despite the impressive discoveries made in this field over many years, much remains to be done before understanding all the physiological and pathological implications, and hoping for the development of other effective and safe therapeutic strategies. Two original adipokines will be taken as examples to illustrate these remarks, chemerin and neuregulin 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Bastard
- Département de biochimie-pharmacologie, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France; FHU-SENEC, Inserm U955 and université Paris Est (UPEC), UMR U955, faculté de santé, Créteil, France.
| | - Imane Dridi-Brahimi
- Département de biochimie-pharmacologie, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Camille Vatier
- Sorbonne université-Inserm, centre de recherche Saint-Antoine UMR S_938, 75012 Paris, France; Institut hospitalo-universitaire de cardio-métabolisme et nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France; Service d'endocrinologie-diabétologie, centre de référence des maladies rares de l'insulino-sécrétion et de l'insulino-sensibilité (PRISIS), hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Soraya Fellahi
- Département de biochimie-pharmacologie, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France; Sorbonne université-Inserm, centre de recherche Saint-Antoine UMR S_938, 75012 Paris, France; Institut hospitalo-universitaire de cardio-métabolisme et nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Bruno Fève
- Sorbonne université-Inserm, centre de recherche Saint-Antoine UMR S_938, 75012 Paris, France; Institut hospitalo-universitaire de cardio-métabolisme et nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France; Service d'endocrinologie-diabétologie, centre de référence des maladies rares de l'insulino-sécrétion et de l'insulino-sensibilité (PRISIS), hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
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19
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Berwal D, Branisteanu DD, Glickman M, Sagar A, Pilitsis JG. The sex-dependent impact of adipose tissue and inflammation on chronic pain - A cross-sectional study from the all of us research program. Cytokine 2024; 179:156614. [PMID: 38621331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests an association between chronic pain and elevated body fat. We sought to determine if individuals with higher body fat, measured by hip circumference (HC) and waist circumference (WC), are at risk for chronic pain when they demonstrate higher expression of inflammatory markers. We investigated the incidence and severity of pain in patients with varying WC/HC and inflammatory markers (C-Reactive Protein, IL-6, leptin) using the NIH-sponsored All of Us Database. For each inflammatory marker and sex, participants were divided into four groups based on combinations of normal/high marker levels and small/large WC/HC. We used statistical analysis to compare WC/HC and pain severity (mean NRS pain score) between groups of the same sex. In females, but not males, combinations of elevated CRP with large WC/HC exerted additive effects on the incidence of chronic pain (p < 0.01) and severe pain (p < 0.001), as well as on the severity of pain evaluated by the mean NRS pain score (p < 0.01). This relationship held true for females with high IL-6 or leptin and large WC or HC (p < 0.001 for chronic pain and severe pain incidence, and p < 0.05 for pain severity). Neither IL-6 nor leptin showed any significant impact on pain in males. Obesity status and CRP exert additive prognostic effects for chronic pain in females, but not in males. The concomitant evaluation of other inflammatory factors, such as IL-6 or leptin in females, may further augment the prediction of chronic pain. PERSPECTIVE: This article investigates the relationship between chronic pain, obesity, and inflammatory markers. It could help elucidating sex difference in pain mechanisms, as well as the risk factors for chronic pain, potentially improving patient diagnosis, follow-up and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Berwal
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Dumitru D Branisteanu
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA; Department of Endocrinology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa" Iasi, Romania
| | - Mia Glickman
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Amit Sagar
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Julie G Pilitsis
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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20
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Oussaada SM, Kilicarslan M, de Weijer BA, Gilijamse PW, Şekercan A, Virtue S, Janssen IMC, van de Laar A, Demirkiran A, van Wagensveld BA, Houdijk APJ, Jongejan A, Moerland PD, Verheij J, Geijtenbeek TB, Bloks VW, de Goffau MC, Romijn JA, Nieuwdorp M, Vidal-Puig A, Ter Horst KW, Serlie MJ. Tissue-specific inflammation and insulin sensitivity in subjects with obesity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 211:111663. [PMID: 38616042 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance (IR). The contribution of adipose tissue (AT) and hepatic inflammation to IR remains unclear. We conducted a study across three cohorts to investigate this relationship. The first cohort consists of six women with normal weight and twenty with obesity. In women with obesity, we found an upregulation of inflammatory markers in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, isolated AT macrophages, and the liver, but no linear correlation with tissue-specific insulin sensitivity. In the second cohort, we studied 24 women with obesity in the upper vs lower insulin sensitivity quartile. We demonstrated that several omental and mesenteric AT inflammatory genes and T cell-related pathways are upregulated in IR, independent of BMI. The third cohort consists of 23 women and 18 men with obesity, studied before and one year after bariatric surgery. Weight loss following surgery was associated with downregulation of multiple immune pathways in subcutaneous AT and skeletal muscle, alongside notable metabolic improvements. Our results show that obesity is characterised by systemic and tissue-specific inflammation. Subjects with obesity and IR show a more pronounced inflammation phenotype, independent of BMI. Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss is associated with reduced inflammation and improved metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Oussaada
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Kilicarslan
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - B A de Weijer
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P W Gilijamse
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Şekercan
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Public Health, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Virtue
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - I M C Janssen
- Nederlandse Obesitas Kliniek, Departement of Science, Huis ter Heide, the Netherlands
| | - A van de Laar
- Spaarne Gasthuis, Department of Surgery, Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - A Demirkiran
- Red Cross Hospital, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beverwijk, the Netherlands
| | - B A van Wagensveld
- NMC Royal Hospital, Department of Surgery, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - A P J Houdijk
- Northwest Clinics, Department of Surgery, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - A Jongejan
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P D Moerland
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Verheij
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - T B Geijtenbeek
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - V W Bloks
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M C de Goffau
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK; Amsterdam UMC, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J A Romijn
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Nieuwdorp
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Vascular Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Vidal-Puig
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - K W Ter Horst
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M J Serlie
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Section of Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
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21
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Nielsen S, Jensen MD. Insulin regulation of regional lipolysis in upper-body obese and lean humans. JCI Insight 2024:e175629. [PMID: 38602778 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upper body obesity (UBO) results in insulin resistance with regards to free fatty acid (FFA) release; how this differs by fat depot and sex between UBO and lean adults is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that insulin suppression of FFA release from the splanchnic bed, leg fat and upper body non-splanchnic (UBNS) adipose tissue would be impaired in UBO. METHODS Fourteen UBO (7 men, 7 women) and 14 healthy, normal weight (7 men, 7 women) volunteers participated in studies that included femoral artery, femoral vein and hepatic vein catheterization. We then measured leg and splanchnic plasma flow as well as FFA kinetics (using isotopic tracers) under overnight fasting, low- and high-dose insulin infusion using the insulin clamp technique. RESULTS We found the expected insulin resistance in UBO; the most quantitatively important difference between UBO and lean adults was greater FFA release from UBNS adipose tissue when plasma insulin concentrations are in the post-prandial, physiological range. There were obesity, but not sex differences in the regulation of splanchnic FFA release and sex differences in the regulation of leg FFA release. CONCLUSION Reversing the defects in insulin-regulated UBNS adipose tissue FFA release would have the greatest impact on systemic FFA abnormalities in UBO. TRIAL REGISTRATION (not applicable)Funding: These studies were supported by grants DK45343 and DK40484 from the U.S. Public Health Service, and the Novo Nordic Foundation (grant numbers NNF18OC0031804 and NNF16OC0021406) and the Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant number 8020-00420B).
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Nielsen
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Michael D Jensen
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
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22
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Kitamura K, Ishizuka S, Kim JH, Yamamoto H, Murakami G, Rodríguez-Vázquez JF, Abe SI. Development and growth of the temporal fascia: a histological study using human fetuses. Anat Cell Biol 2024:acb.23.298. [PMID: 38590096 DOI: 10.5115/acb.23.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The temporal fascia is a double lamina sandwiching a thick fat layer above the zygomatic bony arch. To characterize each lamina, their developmental processes were examined in fetuses. We observed histological sections from 22 half-heads of 10 mid-term fetuses at 14-18 weeks (crown-rump length, 95-150 mm) and 12 near-term fetuses at 26-40 weeks (crown-rump length, 215-334 mm). The superficial lamina of the temporal fascia was not evident at mid-term. Instead, a loose subcutaneous tissue was attached to the thin, deep lamina of the temporal fascia covering the temporalis muscle. At near-term, the deep lamina became thick, while the superficial lamina appeared and exhibited several variations: i) a mono-layered thick membrane (5 specimens); ii) a multi-layered membranous structure (6) and; iii) a cluster of independent thick fasciae each of which were separated by fatty tissues (1). In the second and third patterns, fatty tissue between the two laminae was likely to contain longitudinal fibrous bands in parallel with the deep lamina. Varying proportions of the multi-layered superficial lamina were not attached to the zygomatic arch, but extended below the bony arch. Whether or not lobulation or septation of fatty tissues was evident was not dependent on age. The deep lamina seemed to develop from the temporalis muscle depending on the muscle contraction. In contrast, the superficial lamina developed from subcutaneous collagenous bundles continuous to the cheek. Therein, a difference in development was clearly seen between two categories of the fasciae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kitamura
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Hitoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Murakami
- Division of Internal Medicine, Cupid Clinic, Iwamizawa, Japan
| | | | - Shin-Ichi Abe
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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Shachar E, Raphael A, Katz U, Kessner R, Shachar SS. Body composition measures as a determinant of Alpelisib related toxicity. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024:10.1007/s10549-024-07315-9. [PMID: 38584192 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07315-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body composition has emerged as an important prognostic factor in patients treated with cancer. Severe depletion of skeletal muscle, sarcopenia, has been associated with poor performance status and worse oncological outcomes. We studied patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving alpelisib, to determine if sarcopenia and additional body composition measures accounting for muscle and adiposity are associated with toxicity. METHODS A retrospective observational analysis was conducted, including 38 women with metastatic breast cancer and a PIK3CA mutation, treated with alpelisib as advanced line of therapy. Sarcopenia was determined by measuring skeletal muscle cross-sectional area at the third lumbar vertebra using computerized tomography. Various body composition metrics were assessed along with drug toxicity, dose reductions, treatment discontinuation, hospitalizations, time to treatment failure and overall survival. RESULTS Sarcopenia was observed in half of the patients (n = 19, 50%), spanning normal weight, overweight, and obese individuals. Among the body composition measures, lower skeletal muscle density (SMD) was associated with an increased risk of treatment-related hyperglycaemia (P = 0.03). Additionally, lower visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was associated with alpelisib-induced rash (P = 0.04) and hospitalizations (P = 0.04). Notably, alpelisib treatment discontinuation was not impacted by alpelisib toxicity. CONCLUSION Body composition measures, specifically SMD and VAT may provide an opportunity to identify patients at higher risk for severe alpelisib related hyperglycemia, and cutaneous toxicity. These findings suggest the potential use of body composition assessment to caution toxicity risk, allowing for personalized therapeutic observation and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliya Shachar
- Oncology Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ari Raphael
- Oncology Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Uriel Katz
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rivka Kessner
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Radiology Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shlomit Strulov Shachar
- Oncology Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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24
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McKay EJ, Luijten I, Weng X, Martinez de Morentin PB, De Frutos González E, Gao Z, Kolonin MG, Heisler LK, Semple RK. Mesenchymal-specific Alms1 knockout in mice recapitulates metabolic features of Alström syndrome. Mol Metab 2024; 84:101933. [PMID: 38583571 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alström Syndrome (AS), caused by biallelic ALMS1 mutations, includes obesity with disproportionately severe insulin resistant diabetes, dyslipidemia, and fatty liver. Prior studies suggest that hyperphagia is accounted for by loss of ALMS1 function in hypothalamic neurones, whereas disproportionate metabolic complications may be due to impaired adipose tissue expandability. We tested this by comparing the metabolic effects of global and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-specific Alms1 knockout. METHODS Global Alms1 knockout (KO) mice were generated by crossing floxed Alms1 and CAG-Cre mice. A Pdgfrα-Cre driver was used to abrogate Alms1 function selectively in MSCs and their descendants, including preadipocytes. We combined metabolic phenotyping of global and Pdgfrα+ Alms1-KO mice on a 45% fat diet with measurements of body composition and food intake, and histological analysis of metabolic tissues. RESULTS Assessed on 45% fat diet to promote adipose expansion, global Alms1 KO caused hyperphagia, obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, and fatty liver. Pdgfrα-cre driven KO of Alms1 (MSC KO) recapitulated insulin resistance, fatty liver, and dyslipidaemia in both sexes. Other phenotypes were sexually dimorphic: increased fat mass was only present in female Alms1 MSC KO mice. Hyperphagia was not evident in male Alms1 MSC KO mice, but was found in MSC KO females, despite no neuronal Pdgfrα expression. CONCLUSIONS Mesenchymal deletion of Alms1 recapitulates metabolic features of AS, including fatty liver. This confirms a key role for Alms1 in the adipose lineage, where its loss is sufficient to cause systemic metabolic effects and damage to remote organs. Hyperphagia in females may depend on Alms1 deficiency in oligodendrocyte precursor cells rather than neurones. AS should be regarded as a forme fruste of lipodystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor J McKay
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ineke Luijten
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xiong Weng
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pablo B Martinez de Morentin
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Elvira De Frutos González
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; Área de Fisiología Humana, Departamento de Ciencias básicas de la Salud, Facultad de ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zhanguo Gao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lora K Heisler
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Robert K Semple
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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25
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Takeuchi H, Matsuishi TF, Hayakawa T. A tradeoff evolution between acoustic fat bodies and skull muscles in toothed whales. Gene 2024; 901:148167. [PMID: 38224921 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Toothed whales have developed specialized echolocation abilities that are crucial for underwater activities. Acoustic fat bodies, including the melon, extramandibular fat body, and intramandibular fat body, are vital for echolocation. This study explores the transcriptome of acoustic fat bodies in toothed whales, revealing some insight into their evolutionary origins and ecological significance. Comparative transcriptome analysis of acoustic fat bodies and related tissues in a harbor porpoise and a Pacific white-sided dolphin reveals that acoustic fat bodies possess characteristics of both muscle and adipose tissue, occupying an intermediate position. The melon and extramandibular fat body exhibit specific muscle-related functions, implying an evolutionary connection between acoustic fat bodies and muscle tissue. Furthermore, we suggested that the melon and extramandibular fat body originate from intramuscular adipose tissue, a component of white adipose tissue. The extramandibular fat body has been identified as an evolutionary homolog of the masseter muscle, supported by the specific expression of MYH16, a pivotal protein in masticatory muscles. The intramandibular fat body, located within the mandibular foramen, shows possibilities of the presence of several immune-related functions, likely due to its proximity to bone marrow. Furthermore, this study sheds light on leucine modification in the catabolic pathway, which leads to the accumulation of isovaleric acid in acoustic fat bodies. Swallowing without chewing, a major toothed whale feeding ecology adaptation, makes the masticatory muscle redundant and leads to the formation of the extramandibular fat body. We propose that the intramuscular fat enlargement in facial muscles, which influences acoustic fat body development, is potentially related to the substantial reorganization of head morphology in toothed whales during aquatic adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayate Takeuchi
- Division of Biosphere Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, N10W5, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Takashi Fritz Matsuishi
- Global Center for Food, Land and Water Resources, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1, Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Hayakawa
- Section of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, N10W5, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan.
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26
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Bader-Meunier B. Immuno-inflammatory involvement of adipose tissue in children. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2024:S0003-4266(24)00047-7. [PMID: 38575108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a highly immunologically active tissue that can be involved in many inflammatory diseases. In this presentation, only adipose tissue disorders associated with inflammatory diseases in children will be described, with the exception of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Bader-Meunier
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, IMAGINE Institute, Reference Centre for Rare Systemic Rheumatological and Autoimmune Diseases in Children (RAISE), Hôpital Necker, Inserm UMR 1163, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
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27
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Ardenkjær-Skinnerup J, Saar D, Petersen PSS, Pedersen M, Svingen T, Kragelund BB, Hadrup N, Ravn-Haren G, Emanuelli B, Brown KA, Vogel U. PPARγ antagonists induce aromatase transcription in adipose tissue cultures. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116095. [PMID: 38423186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Aromatase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of estrogens and a key risk factor for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. In postmenopausal women, estrogens synthesized in adipose tissue promotes the growth of estrogen receptor positive breast cancers. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in adipose stromal cells (ASCs) leads to decreased expression of aromatase and differentiation of ASCs into adipocytes. Environmental chemicals can act as antagonists of PPARγ and disrupt its function. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that PPARγ antagonists can promote breast cancer by stimulating aromatase expression in human adipose tissue. Primary cells and explants from human adipose tissue as well as A41hWAT, C3H10T1/2, and H295R cell lines were used to investigate PPARγ antagonist-stimulated effects on adipogenesis, aromatase expression, and estrogen biosynthesis. Selected antagonists inhibited adipocyte differentiation, preventing the adipogenesis-associated downregulation of aromatase. NMR spectroscopy confirmed direct interaction between the potent antagonist DEHPA and PPARγ, inhibiting agonist binding. Short-term exposure of ASCs to PPARγ antagonists upregulated aromatase only in differentiated cells, and a similar effect could be observed in human breast adipose tissue explants. Overexpression of PPARG with or without agonist treatment reduced aromatase expression in ASCs. The data suggest that environmental PPARγ antagonists regulate aromatase expression in adipose tissue through two mechanisms. The first is indirect and involves inhibition of adipogenesis, while the second occurs more acutely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Ardenkjær-Skinnerup
- The National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Daniel Saar
- REPIN and Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Patricia S S Petersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Mikael Pedersen
- The National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Terje Svingen
- The National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Birthe B Kragelund
- REPIN and Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Niels Hadrup
- The National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Gitte Ravn-Haren
- The National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Brice Emanuelli
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Kristy A Brown
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
| | - Ulla Vogel
- The National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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28
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Bu T, Sun Z, Pan Y, Deng X, Yuan G. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1: New Regulator in Lipid Metabolism. Diabetes Metab J 2024:dmj.2023.0277. [PMID: 38650100 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2023.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30-amino acid peptide hormone that is mainly expressed in the intestine and hypothalamus. In recent years, basic and clinical studies have shown that GLP-1 is closely related to lipid metabolism, and it can participate in lipid metabolism by inhibiting fat synthesis, promoting fat differentiation, enhancing cholesterol metabolism, and promoting adipose browning. GLP-1 plays a key role in the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases such as obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism. It is expected to become a new target for the treatment of metabolic disorders. The effects of GLP-1 and dual agonists on lipid metabolism also provide a more complete treatment plan for metabolic diseases. This article reviews the recent research progress of GLP-1 in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Bu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ziyan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guoyue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Lu Z, Ding L, Tian X, Wang Q. Single cell RNA-sequencing data generated from mouse adipose tissue during the development of obesity. Data Brief 2024; 53:110119. [PMID: 38348326 PMCID: PMC10859251 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the number of obesity has increased rapidly around the world, and it has become a major public health problem endangering global health [1]. Obesity is caused by excessive calorie intake over a long period of time, and high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the important predisposing factors [2], [3], [4]. Adipose tissue (AT) is an important immune and endocrine organ in the body, and plays an important role in the body [5]. Obesity leads to AT dysfunction, AT dilation and cell hypertrophy. Dysfunctional fat cells are the main source of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which aggravate low-grade systemic inflammation and further promote the development of obesity-related diseases [6], [7], [8]. However, whether AT releases pro-inflammatory cytokines in the early stages of obesity development remains unknown. The AT microenvironment is composed of a variety of cells, including fat cells, immune cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. The immune microenvironment (TIME) and its metabolic imbalance can lead to the secretion or regulation of related hormones, which causes inflammation AT [9]. TIME is very important for maintaining AT homeostasis, which is crucial for the occurrence of obesity [10,11]. This data use single-cell RNA sequencing (sNuc-Seq) to analyze the characteristics of TIME changes in the mouse epididymal adipose tissue during the development of obesity, and the changes of cell types and genes in the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Lu
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong 250102, China
| | - Ling Ding
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong 250102, China
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30
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Cheng E, Caan BJ, Chen WY, Prado CM, Cespedes Feliciano EM. A novel body composition risk score (B-Score) and overall survival among patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:981-987. [PMID: 38471402 PMCID: PMC11009043 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Measurements (amount, distribution, and radiodensity) of muscle and adipose tissue were reported to be individually associated with overall survival in patients with breast cancer. However, they were not typically combined to develop an overall risk score, which can identify patients at high risk of death and prioritize patients in need of dietary and lifestyle interventions. Thus, we aimed to develop a novel composite body composition risk score (B-Score). METHODS We included 3105 patients with stage II or III breast cancer at Kaiser Permanente Northern California and Dana Farber Cancer Institute. From CT scans at diagnosis, we assessed areas and radiodensity of muscle and adipose tissue at the third lumber vertebrae. We considered skeletal muscle index (SMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI) and SAT radiodensity as they were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. Each measurement was dichotomized using optimal stratification, with low SMI (<40.1 cm2/m2), high SATI (≥75.7 cm2/m2), and high SAT radiodensity (≥-97.2HU) considered risk factors. We calculated B-Score as the sum of these factors and estimated its association with overall survival using Cox proportional hazards regression with adjustment for clinicopathologic factors. RESULTS Mean (standard deviation) age was 53.9 (11.8) years, 70.3% were Non-Hispanic White, and 60.5% were stage II. Most patients (60.6%) had only one body composition risk factor (B-Score = 1). Compared to those with no risk factors (B-Score = 0), the risk of death increased with more body composition risk factors: the adjusted hazard ratios were 1.10 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.42), 1.47 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.92), and 2.11 (95% CI: 1.26, 3.53) for B-Scores of 1, 2, and 3, respectively (Ptrend < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS More unfavorable body composition characteristics were associated with increased risks of overall mortality in a dose-response manner. Considering body composition measurements together as a composite score (B-Score) may improve risk stratification and inform dietary and lifestyle interventions following breast cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; Cancer Epidemiology, Prevention and Control Program, Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, United States; Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States.
| | - Bette J Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Wendy Y Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carla M Prado
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Cremonini E, Da Silva LME, Lanzi CR, Marino M, Iglesias DE, Oteiza PI. Anthocyanins and their metabolites promote white adipose tissue beiging by regulating mitochondria thermogenesis and dynamics. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116069. [PMID: 38387526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption and excess nutrient availability can cause alterations in mitochondrial function and dynamics. We previously showed that anthocyanins (AC) decreased HFD-induced body weight gain and fat deposition. This study investigated: i) the capacity of AC to mitigate HFD-induced alterations in mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and thermogenesis in mouse subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT), and ii) the underlying mechanisms of action of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (D3G), and their gut metabolites on mitochondria function/dynamics in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with palmitate. Mice were fed control or HFD diets, added or not with 40 mg AC/kg body weight (BW). Compared to control and AC-supplemented mice, HFD-fed mice had fewer sWAT mitochondria that presented alterations of their architecture. AC supplementation prevented HFD-induced decrease of proteins involved in mitochondria biogenesis (PPARγ, PRDM16 and PGC-1α), and thermogenesis (UCP-1), and decreased AMPK phosphorylation. AC supplementation also restored the alterations in sWAT mitochondrial dynamics (Drp-1, OPA1, MNF-2, and Fis-1) and mitophagy (BNIP3L/NIX) caused by HFD consumption. In mature 3T3-L1, C3G, D3G, and their metabolites protocatechuic acid (PCA), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (HB), and gallic acid (GA) differentially affected palmitate-mediated decreased cAMP, PKA, AMPK, and SIRT-1 signaling pathways. C3G, D3G, and metabolites also prevented palmitate-mediated decreased expression of PPARγ, PRDM16, PGC-1α, and UCP1. Results suggest that consumption of select AC, i.e. cyanidin and delphinidin, could promote sWAT mitochondriogenesis and improve mitochondria dynamics in the context of HFD/obesity-induced dysmetabolism in part by regulating PKA, AMPK, and SIRT-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cremonini
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leane M E Da Silva
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Dario E Iglesias
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Patricia I Oteiza
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Hager M, Chang P, Lee M, Burns CM, Endicott SJ, Miller RA, Li X. Recapitulation of anti-aging phenotypes by global overexpression of PTEN in mice. GeroScience 2024; 46:2653-2670. [PMID: 38114855 PMCID: PMC10828233 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The PTEN gene negatively regulates the oncogenic PI3K-AKT pathway by encoding a lipid and protein phosphatase that dephosphorylates lipid phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) resulting in the inhibition of PI3K and downstream inhibition of AKT. Overexpression of PTEN in mice leads to a longer lifespan compared to control littermates, although the mechanism is unknown. Here, we provide evidence that young adult PTENOE mice exhibit many characteristics shared by other slow-aging mouse models, including those with mutations that affect GH/IGF1 pathways, calorie-restricted mice, and mice treated with anti-aging drugs. PTENOE white adipose tissue (WAT) has increased UCP1, a protein linked to increased thermogenesis. WAT of PTENOE mice also shows a change in polarization of fat-associated macrophages, with elevated levels of arginase 1 (Arg1, characteristic of M2 macrophages) and decreased production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, characteristic of M1 macrophages). Muscle and hippocampus showed increased expression of the myokine FNDC5, and higher levels of its cleavage product irisin in plasma, which has been linked to increased conversion of WAT to more thermogenic beige/brown adipose tissue. PTENOE mice also have an increase, in plasma and liver, of GPLD1, which is known to improve cognition in mice. Hippocampus of the PTENOE mice has elevation of both BDNF and DCX, indices of brain resilience and neurogenesis. These changes in fat, macrophages, liver, muscle, hippocampus, and plasma may be considered "aging rate indicators" in that they seem to be consistently changed across many of the long-lived mouse models and may help to extend lifespan by delaying many forms of late-life illness. Our new findings show that PTENOE mice can be added to the group of long-lived mice that share this multi-tissue suite of biochemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Hager
- College of Literature, Sciences, & the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Peter Chang
- College of Literature, Sciences, & the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Michael Lee
- College of Literature, Sciences, & the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Calvin M Burns
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Room 3160, BSRB ,109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - S Joseph Endicott
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Room 3160, BSRB ,109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
- University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Room 3160, BSRB ,109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
- University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xinna Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Room 3160, BSRB ,109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.
- University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Sasaki N, Ueno Y, Higashi Y. Indicators of insulin resistance in clinical practice. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:978-980. [PMID: 38177290 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Sasaki
- Health Management and Promotion Center, Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Casualty Council, Hiroshima, Japan.
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Division of Radiation Medical Science, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Ueno
- Health Management and Promotion Center, Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Casualty Council, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Division of Radiation Medical Science, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Kleiboeker B, He A, Tan M, Lu D, Hu D, Liu X, Goodarzi P, Hsu FF, Razani B, Semenkovich CF, Lodhi IJ. Adipose tissue peroxisomal lipid synthesis orchestrates obesity and insulin resistance through LXR-dependent lipogenesis. Mol Metab 2024; 82:101913. [PMID: 38458567 PMCID: PMC10950804 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipose tissue mass is maintained by a balance between lipolysis and lipid storage. The contribution of adipose tissue lipogenesis to fat mass, especially in the setting of high-fat feeding, is considered minor. Here we investigated the effect of adipose-specific inactivation of the peroxisomal lipid synthetic protein PexRAP on fatty acid synthase (FASN)-mediated lipogenesis and its impact on adiposity and metabolic homeostasis. METHODS To explore the role of PexRAP in adipose tissue, we metabolically phenotyped mice with adipose-specific knockout of PexRAP. Bulk RNA sequencing was used to determine transcriptomic responses to PexRAP deletion and 14C-malonyl CoA allowed us to measure de novo lipogenic activity in adipose tissue of these mice. In vitro cell culture models were used to elucidate the mechanism of cellular responses to PexRAP deletion. RESULTS Adipose-specific PexRAP deletion promoted diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance through activation of de novo lipogenesis. Mechanistically, PexRAP inactivation inhibited the flux of carbons to ethanolamine plasmalogens. This increased the nuclear PC/PE ratio and promoted cholesterol mislocalization, resulting in activation of liver X receptor (LXR), a nuclear receptor known to be activated by increased intracellular cholesterol. LXR activation led to increased expression of the phospholipid remodeling enzyme LPCAT3 and induced FASN-mediated lipogenesis, which promoted diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS These studies reveal an unexpected role for peroxisome-derived lipids in regulating LXR-dependent lipogenesis and suggest that activation of lipogenesis, combined with dietary lipid overload, exacerbates obesity and metabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Kleiboeker
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anyuan He
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Min Tan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dongliang Lu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Donghua Hu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xuejing Liu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Parniyan Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Babak Razani
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Clay F Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Irfan J Lodhi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Ma W, Liu Y, Meng C, Luo Y, Wang Q. Data of RNA-seq transcriptomes of gastrocnemius muscle, epididymal adipose tissue in obese rats under normoxia/hypoxic exercise environments. Data Brief 2024; 53:110134. [PMID: 38348322 PMCID: PMC10859296 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies on the crosstalk between muscle and adipose tissue can provide beneficial help in elucidating the pathogenesis and treatment of obesity-related diseases [1]. In this data article, we performed RNA sequence analysis of mRNA isolated from epididymal adipose tissue and gastrocnemius muscle tissue in obese rats. Twenty-two samples were selected for gene expression analysis. Raw data from the Illumina Hiseq™ platform sequencer was used for differential gene expression analysis using DESeq and deposited in the GEO public repository under accession number GSE237950. With the economic development and the change of people's lifestyle, obesity has become a major public health problem that endangers global health. Obesity is a metabolic disorder caused by excessive accumulation of white adipose tissue, which can further induce metabolic syndrome such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Studies have shown that altitude hypoxic exercise can not only improve muscle buffering capacity and body performance, but also reduce body weight and body fat more significantly. In many countries, it has been used as a treatment program for obesity diseases [2]. Hypoxic exercise can improve lipid metabolism, reduce blood lipid levels, inhibit fatty acid synthesis, and promote fatty acid decomposition and oxidation, which is the mechanism of hypoxic exercise to significantly reduce weight and fat. However, the mechanism of the cross-talk between muscle and fat tissue is not well understood under hypoxia exercise and normoxia exercise conditions. The data contained rat's four different states: normoxia quiet, normoxia exercise, hypoxic quiet, and hypoxic exercise. RNA-seq data will provide insights into the cross-talk between muscle and fat, and the mechanisms of fat metabolism. The data of this study have not been published and are hereby published on this platform to study the cross talk between muscle tissue and adipose tissue in rats under different oxygen content and exercise environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ma
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong 250102, China
| | - Youhan Liu
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong 250102, China
| | - Chang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering & Technology of Shandong High School, Qilu Medical University, Zibo 255213, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Qinglu Wang
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong 250102, China
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Lefevre C, Thibaut MM, Loumaye A, Thissen JP, Neyrinck AM, Navez B, Delzenne NM, Feron O, Bindels LB. Tumoral acidosis promotes adipose tissue depletion by fostering adipocyte lipolysis. Mol Metab 2024; 83:101930. [PMID: 38570069 PMCID: PMC11027574 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tumour progression drives profound alterations in host metabolism, such as adipose tissue depletion, an early event of cancer cachexia. As fatty acid consumption by cancer cells increases upon acidosis of the tumour microenvironment, we reasoned that fatty acids derived from distant adipose lipolysis may sustain tumour fatty acid craving, leading to the adipose tissue loss observed in cancer cachexia. METHODS To evaluate the pro-lipolytic capacities of acid-exposed cancer cells, primary mouse adipocytes from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue were exposed to pH-matched conditioned medium from human and murine acid-exposed cancer cells (pH 6.5), compared to naive cancer cells (pH 7.4). To further address the role of tumoral acidosis on adipose tissue loss, a pH-low insertion peptide was injected into tumour-bearing mice, and tumoral acidosis was neutralised with a sodium bicarbonate buffer. Prolipolytic mediators were identified by transcriptomic approaches and validated on murine and human adipocytes. RESULTS Here, we reveal that acid-exposed cancer cells promote lipolysis from subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes and that dampening acidosis in vivo inhibits adipose tissue depletion. We further found a set of well-known prolipolytic factors enhanced upon acidosis adaptation and unravelled a role for β-glucuronidase (GUSB) as a promising new actor in adipocyte lipolysis. CONCLUSIONS Tumoral acidosis promotes the mobilization of fatty acids derived from adipocytes via the release of soluble factors by cancer cells. Our work paves the way for therapeutic approaches aimed at tackling cachexia by targeting the tumour acidic compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Lefevre
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Morgane M Thibaut
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, IREC, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, IREC, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit Navez
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Welbio Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Welbio Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
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Fereydani NM, Galehdari H, Hoveizi E, Alghasi A, Ajami M. Ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells in two/ three-dimensional co-cultures with various source of stromal cells. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102331. [PMID: 38430847 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells, with both high quantities and quality, is considered a paramount issue in cell and gene therapy for hematological diseases. Complex interactions between the bone marrow microenvironment and hematopoietic stem cells reveal the importance of using 2D and 3D coculture as a physiological system simulator in the proliferation, differentiation, and homeostasis of HSCs. Herein, the capacity of mesenchymal stem cells derived from different sources to support the expansion and maintenance of HSPC was compared with each other. We evaluated the fold increase of HSPC, CD34 marker expression, cytokine secretion profile of different MSCs, and the frequency of hematopoietic colony-forming unit parameters. Our results show that there was no significant difference between adipose tissue-MSC, Wharton jelly-MSC, and Endometrial-MSCs in HSPC expansion (fold increase: 34.74±4.38 in Wj-MSC, 32.22±5.07 in AD-MSC, 25.9±1.27 in En-MSCs); However, there were significantly more than the expansion media alone (4.4±0.69). The results obtained from the cytokine secretion analysis also confirm these results. Also, there were significant differences in the clonogenicity of Wj-MSC, En-MSCs, and expansion media (CFU-GEMM: 7±1.73, 2.3±1.15, and 2.3±1.52), which indicated that Wj-MSC could significantly maintain the primitive state. As a result, using Wj-mesenchymal stem cells on a 3D coculture system effectively increases the HSPC expansion and maintains the colonization potential of hematopoietic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Mayeli Fereydani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamid Galehdari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Elham Hoveizi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arash Alghasi
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research center, Health research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Monireh Ajami
- Department of Hematology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Chaurasiya V, Nidhina Haridas PA, Olkkonen VM. Adipocyte-endothelial cell interplay in adipose tissue physiology. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116081. [PMID: 38408682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) expansion through hyperplasia or hypertrophy requires vascular remodeling that involves angiogenesis. There is quite some evidence that obese white AT (WAT) displays altered vasculature. Some studies suggest that this is associated with hypoxia, which is thought to play a role in inducing inflammatory activation of the excessively expanding WAT. Increasing evidence, based on genetic manipulations or treatments with inhibitory or activator pharmaceuticals, demonstrates that AT angiogenesis is crucial for AT metabolic function, and thereby for whole body metabolism and metabolic health. Despite some contradiction between studies, disturbance of WAT angiogenesis in obesity could be an important factor driving WAT dysfunction and the comorbidities of obesity. Endothelial cells (ECs) contribute to healthy WAT metabolism via transport of fatty acids and other plasma components, secretory signaling molecules, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). This communication is crucial for adipocyte metabolism and underscores the key role that the AT endothelium plays in systemic energy homeostasis and healthy metabolism. Adipocytes communicate towards the neighboring endothelium through several mechanisms. The pro-inflammatory status of hypertrophic adipocytes in obesity is reflected in ECs activation, which promotes chronic inflammation. On the other hand, adiponectin secreted by the adipocytes is important for healthy endothelial function, and adipocytes also secrete other pro- or anti-angiogenic effector molecules and a wealth of EVs - however, their detailed roles in signaling towards the endothelium are yet poorly understood. To conclude, targeting AT angiogenesis and promoting the healthy communication between adipocytes and ECs represent potentially promising strategies to treat obesity and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Chaurasiya
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland, and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - P A Nidhina Haridas
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland, and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vesa M Olkkonen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland, and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Ahmed B, Bunch TJ. Editorial commentary: Adiposity, altered inflammatory pathways, and atrial fibrillation: Mechanistic links or an epiphenomenon? Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024; 34:159-160. [PMID: 36669546 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ahmed
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - T Jared Bunch
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.
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Park YJ, Kim HY, Gil TY, Kim HJ, Jin JS, Cha YY, An HJ. Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E. Wilson ameliorates white adipogenesis by upregulating AMPK and SIRT1 in vitro and in vivo. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27600. [PMID: 38515723 PMCID: PMC10955265 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Although there is an established link between Magnolia Cortex (MO) and lipid metabolism in previous research, its exploration within the context of obesity has been limited. Therefore, the present study investigated the therapeutic effects of MO on obesity and its mechanism of action in vitro and in vivo. Our chromatography analysis revealed that Honokiol and Magnolol are contained in MO extract. In vitro experiments showed that lipid droplets, adipogenic, and lipogenic genes were notably diminished by increasing sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) protein expression in MO-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In vivo experiments exhibited that MO administration significantly recovered the adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation genes by increasing the SIRT1 and AMPK expression in white adipose tissue. Furthermore, hepatic steatosis by HFD feeding was ameliorated in MO-administered obese mice. We conclude that MO could be important manager for treating obesity through AMPK and SIRT1 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Jin Park
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Gil
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sik Jin
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Yeop Cha
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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Mohammadi I, Najafi A, Razavi SM, Khazaei S, Tajmiri G. Effect of buccal fat autotransplantation on improving the alveolar socket bone regeneration: An in-vivo study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28131. [PMID: 38524537 PMCID: PMC10958428 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There are various materials used for socket preservation following dental extraction. The aim of the present animal study was to histologically investigate the efficacy of buccal fat autotransplantation on alveolar bone regeneration following dental extraction. Study design In this prospective, double-blind laboratory experiment with a split-mouth design, 16 mandibular second premolar teeth in eight beagle dogs were extracted, and half of the extraction sockets were randomly filled using buccal fat autotransplantation. Other samples were left untouched to heal normally by the formed blood clot. Buccal fat autotransplantation was the primary predictor variable, and the type and amount of newly formed bone were the primary outcome variables. Assessment methods were the H & E coloring technique and histomorphometric evaluation. The significance level was set at 0.05, and data was subjected to Chi-Square and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests using SAS statistical software version 9.4. Results From the total number of 16 samples in 8 dogs, 50% of the samples in the intervention group represented inflammation with lower intensity compared to 33% in the control group; however, this difference was not considered statistically significant (Chi-Square test, P-value = 0.55). Wilcoxon test results showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the mean amount of total bone formation (Z = 0.00, P-value = 1.00). Conclusion It was inferred from the outcomes of the present study that when compared to the normal healing of the socket, buccal fat autotransplantation did not represent with superior outcome concerning the socket bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Mohammadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Najafi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayed Mohammad Razavi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saber Khazaei
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Golnaz Tajmiri
- Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Wu Z, Martinez ME, Hernandez A. Mice lacking DIO3 exhibit sex-specific alterations in circadian patterns of corticosterone and gene expression in metabolic tissues. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:11. [PMID: 38553695 PMCID: PMC10979634 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-024-00508-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Disruption of circadian rhythms is associated with neurological, endocrine and metabolic pathologies. We have recently shown that mice lacking functional type 3 deiodinase (DIO3), the enzyme that clears thyroid hormones, exhibit a phase shift in locomotor activity, suggesting altered circadian rhythm. To better understand the physiological and molecular basis of this phenotype, we used Dio3+/+ and Dio3-/- mice of both sexes at different zeitgeber times (ZTs) and analyzed corticosterone and thyroxine (T4) levels, hypothalamic, hepatic, and adipose tissue expression of clock genes, as well as genes involved in the thyroid hormone action or physiology of liver and adipose tissues. Wild type mice exhibited sexually dimorphic circadian patterns of genes controlling thyroid hormone action, including Dio3. Dio3-/- mice exhibited altered hypothalamic expression of several clock genes at ZT12, but did not disrupt the overall circadian profile. Expression of clock genes in peripheral tissues was not disrupted by Dio3 deficiency. However, Dio3 loss in liver and adipose tissues disrupted circadian profiles of genes that determine tissue thyroid hormone action and physiology. We also observed circadian-specific changes in serum T4 and corticosterone as a result of DIO3 deficiency. The circadian alterations manifested sexual dimorphism. Most notable, the time curve of serum corticosterone was flattened in Dio3-/- females. We conclude that Dio3 exhibits circadian variations, influencing the circadian rhythmicity of thyroid hormone action and physiology in liver and adipose tissues in a sex-specific manner. Circadian disruptions in tissue physiology may then contribute to the metabolic phenotypes of DIO3-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofei Wu
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, MaineHealth, 04074, Scarborough, ME,, USA.
| | - M Elena Martinez
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, MaineHealth, 04074, Scarborough, ME,, USA
| | - Arturo Hernandez
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, MaineHealth, 04074, Scarborough, ME,, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 02111, Boston, MA, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, 04469, Orono, Maine, USA
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Mateen MA, Alaagib N, Haider KH. High glucose microenvironment and human mesenchymal stem cell behavior. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:237-244. [PMID: 38577235 PMCID: PMC10989287 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i3.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
High glucose (HG) culture conditions in vitro and persistent exposure to hyperglycemia in diabetes patients are detrimental to stem cells, analogous to any other cell type in our body. It interferes with diverse signaling pathways, i.e. mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling, to impact physiological cellular functions, leading to low cell survival and higher cell apoptosis rates. While elucidating the underlying mechanism responsible for the apoptosis of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a recent study has shown that HG culture conditions dysregulate mTOR-PI3K-Akt signaling in addition to mitochondrial malfunctioning due to defective mitochondrial membrane potential (MtMP) that lowers ATP production. This organelle-level dysfunction energy-starves the cells and increases oxidative stress and ultrastructural abnormalities. Disruption of the mitochondrial electron transport chain produces an altered mitochondrial NAD+/NADH redox state as evidenced by a low NAD+/NADH ratio that primarily contributes to the reduced cell survival in HG. Some previous studies have also reported altered mitochondrial membrane polarity (causing hyperpolarization) and reduced mitochondrial cell mass, leading to perturbed mitochondrial homeostasis. The hostile microenvironment created by HG exposure creates structural and functional changes in the mitochondria, altering their bioenergetics and reducing their capacity to produce ATP. These are significant data, as MSCs are extensively studied for tissue regeneration and restoring their normal functioning in cell-based therapy. Therefore, MSCs from hyperglycemic donors should be cautiously used in clinical settings for cell-based therapy due to concerns of their poor survival rates and increased rates of post engraftment proliferation. As hyperglycemia alters the bioenergetics of donor MSCs, rectifying the loss of MtMP may be an excellent target for future research to restore the normal functioning of MSCs in hyperglycemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Khawaja Husnain Haider
- Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Sulaiman AlRajhi Medical School, Al Bukairiyah 51941, Saudi Arabia.
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Barbosa S, Pedrosa MB, Ferreira R, Moreira-Gonçalves D, Santos LL. The impact of chemotherapy on adipose tissue remodeling: The molecular players involved in this tissue wasting. Biochimie 2024; 223:1-12. [PMID: 38537739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The depletion of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) during chemotherapy significantly correlates with diminished overall survival and progression-free survival. Despite its clinical significance, the intricate molecular mechanisms governing this AT loss and its chemotherapy-triggered initiation remain poorly understood. Notably, the evaluation of AT remodeling in most clinical trials has predominantly relied on computerized tomography scans or bioimpedance, with molecular studies often conducted using animal or in vitro models. To address this knowledge gap, a comprehensive narrative review was conducted. The findings underscore that chemotherapy serves as a key factor in inducing AT loss, exacerbating cachexia, a paraneoplastic syndrome that significantly compromises patient quality of life and survival. The mechanism driving AT loss appears intricately linked to alterations in AT metabolic remodeling, marked by heightened lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation, coupled with diminished lipogenesis. However, adipocyte stem cells' lost ability to divide due to chemotherapy also appears to be at the root of the loss of AT. Notably, chemotherapy seems to deactivate the mitochondrial antioxidant system by reducing key regulatory enzymes responsible for neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby impeding lipogenesis. Despite FDG-PET evidence of AT browning, no molecular evidence of thermogenesis was reported. Prospective investigations unraveling the molecular mechanisms modulated in AT by chemotherapy, along with therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing AT loss, promise to refine treatment paradigms and enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Barbosa
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mafalda Barbosa Pedrosa
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal; Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
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Yao T, Wei D, Tian X, Zhao L, Wan Q, Zhang X, Cai J, Li S, Diao B, Feng S, Shan B, Shao M, Wu Y. PDGFRβ + cell HIF2α is dispensable for white adipose tissue metabolic remodeling and hepatic lipid accumulation in obese mice. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:81. [PMID: 38509584 PMCID: PMC10953078 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with extensive white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion and remodeling. Healthy WAT expansion contributes to the maintenance of energy balance in the liver, thereby ameliorating obesity-related hepatic steatosis. Tissue-resident mesenchymal stromal cell populations, including PDGFRβ + perivascular cells, are increasingly recognized pivotal as determinants of the manner in which WAT expands. However, the full array of regulatory factors controlling WAT stromal cell functions remains to be fully elucidated. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are critical regulators in WAT stromal cell populations such as adipocyte precursor cells (APCs). It is revealed that HIF1α activation within PDGFRβ + stromal cells results in the suppression of de novo adipogenesis and the promotion of a pro-fibrogenic cellular program in obese animals. However, the role of HIF2α in PDGFRβ + cells remains undetermined in vivo. METHODS New genetic models were employed in which HIF1α (encoded by the Hif1a gene) and HIF2α (encoded by the Epas1 gene) are selectively inactivated in PDGFRβ + cells in an inducible manner using tamoxifen (TAM). With these models, both in vitro and in vivo functional analysis of PDGFRβ + cells lacking HIF proteins were performed. Additionally, comprehensive metabolic phenotyping in diet-induced mouse models were performed to investigate the roles of PDGFRβ + cell HIF proteins in WAT remodeling, liver energy balance and systemic metabolism. RESULTS Unlike HIF1α inactivation, the new findings in this study suggest that inducible ablation of HIF2α in PDGFRβ + cells does not cause apparent effects on WAT expansion induced by obesogenic diet. The adipogenic ability of PDGFRβ + APCs is not significantly altered by genetic HIF2α ablation. Moreover, no difference of key parameters associated with healthy WAT remodeling such as improvements of WAT insulin sensitivity, reduction in metabolic inflammation, as well as changes in liver fat accumulation or systemic glucose metabolism, is detected in PDGFRβ + cell Epas1-deficient mice. CONCLUSION The new findings in this study support that, in contrast to HIF1α, PDGFRβ + cell HIF2α appears dispensable for WAT metabolic remodeling and the resulting effects on liver metabolic homeostasis in diet-induced obesity, underscoring the isoform-specific roles of HIFα proteins in the regulation of adipose tissue biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danni Wei
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiangyou Wan
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Diao
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suihan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shan
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Mengle Shao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Rial SA, You Z, Vivoli A, Sean D, Al-Khoury A, Lavoie G, Civelek M, Martinez-Sanchez A, Roux PP, Durcan TM, Lim GE. 14-3-3ζ regulates adipogenesis by modulating chromatin accessibility during the early stages of adipocyte differentiation. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.18.585495. [PMID: 38562727 PMCID: PMC10983991 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.585495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We previously established the scaffold protein 14-3-3ζ as a critical regulator of adipogenesis and adiposity, but the temporal specificity of its action during adipocyte differentiation remains unclear. To decipher if 14-3-3ζ exerts its regulatory functions on mature adipocytes or on adipose precursor cells (APCs), we generated Adipoq14-3-3ζKO and Pdgfra14-3-3ζKO mouse models. Our findings revealed a pivotal role for 14-3-3ζ in APC differentiation in a sex-dependent manner, whereby male and female Pdgfra14-3-3ζKO mice display impaired or potentiated weight gain, respectively, as well as fat mass. To better understand how 14-3-3ζ regulates the adipogenic transcriptional program in APCs, CRISPR-Cas9 was used to generate TAP-tagged 14-3-3ζ-expressing 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Using these cells, we examined if the 14-3-3ζ nuclear interactome is enriched with adipogenic regulators during differentiation. Regulators of chromatin remodeling, such as DNMT1 and HDAC1, were enriched in the nuclear interactome of 14-3-3ζ, and their activities were impacted upon 14-3-3ζ depletion. The interactions between 14-3-3ζ and chromatin-modifying enzymes suggested that 14-3-3ζ may control chromatin remodeling during adipogenesis, and this was confirmed by ATAC-seq, which revealed that 14-3-3ζ depletion impacted the accessibility of up to 1,244 chromatin regions corresponding in part to adipogenic genes, promoters, and enhancers during the initial stages of adipogenesis. Moreover, 14-3-3ζ-dependent chromatin accessibility was found to directly correlate with the expression of key adipogenic genes. Altogether, our study establishes 14-3-3ζ as a crucial epigenetic regulator of adipogenesis and highlights the usefulness of deciphering the nuclear 14-3-3ζ interactome to identify novel pro-adipogenic factors and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- SA Rial
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Z You
- The Neuro’s Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - A Vivoli
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - D Sean
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amal Al-Khoury
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - G Lavoie
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M Civelek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - A Martinez-Sanchez
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Roux PP
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - TM Durcan
- The Neuro’s Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - GE Lim
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
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Duparc T, Gore E, Combes G, Beuzelin D, Pires Da Silva J, Bouguetoch V, Marquès MA, Velazquez A, Viguerie N, Tavernier G, Arner P, Rydén M, Langin D, Sioufi N, Nasser M, Cabou C, Najib S, Martinez LO. P2Y13 receptor deficiency favors adipose tissue lipolysis and worsens insulin resistance and fatty liver disease. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175623. [PMID: 38470490 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive lipolysis in white adipose tissue (WAT) leads to insulin resistance (IR) and ectopic fat accumulation in insulin-sensitive tissues. However, the impact of Gi-coupled receptors in restraining adipocyte lipolysis through inhibition of cAMP production remained poorly elucidated. Given that the Gi-coupled P2Y13 receptor (P2Y13-R) is a purinergic receptor expressed in WAT, we investigated its role in adipocyte lipolysis and its effect on IR and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). In humans, mRNA expression of P2Y13-R in WAT was negatively correlated to adipocyte lipolysis. In mice, adipocytes lacking P2Y13-R displayed higher intracellular cAMP levels, indicating impaired Gi signaling. Consistently, the absence of P2Y13-R was linked to increased lipolysis in adipocytes and WAT explants via hormone-sensitive lipase activation. Metabolic studies indicated that mice lacking P2Y13-R showed a greater susceptibility to diet-induced IR, systemic inflammation, and MASLD compared with their wild-type counterparts. Assays conducted on precision-cut liver slices exposed to WAT conditioned medium and on liver-specific P2Y13-R-knockdown mice suggested that P2Y13-R activity in WAT protects from hepatic steatosis, independently of liver P2Y13-R expression. In conclusion, our findings support the idea that targeting adipose P2Y13-R activity may represent a pharmacological strategy to prevent obesity-associated disorders, including type 2 diabetes and MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Duparc
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Emilia Gore
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Combes
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Diane Beuzelin
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Lifesearch SAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Pires Da Silva
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Vanessa Bouguetoch
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- Lifesearch SAS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Ana Velazquez
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Viguerie
- MetaDiab, I2MC, University of Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Geneviève Tavernier
- MetaDiab, I2MC, University of Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Peter Arner
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dominique Langin
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- MetaDiab, I2MC, University of Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Nabil Sioufi
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- Lifesearch SAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohamad Nasser
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Cendrine Cabou
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Souad Najib
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent O Martinez
- LiMitAging, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire HealthAge, (IHU HealthAge), INSERM, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
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48
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Pendergrast LA, Ashcroft SP, Ehrlich AM, Treebak JT, Krook A, Dollet L, Zierath JR. Metabolic plasticity and obesity-associated changes in diurnal postexercise metabolism in mice. Metabolism 2024; 155:155834. [PMID: 38479569 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circadian disruption is widespread and increases the risk of obesity. Timing of therapeutic interventions may promote coherent and efficient gating of metabolic processes and restore energy homeostasis. AIM To characterize the diurnal postexercise metabolic state in mice and to identify the influence of diet-induced obesity on identified outcomes. METHODS C57BL6/NTac male mice (6 wks of age) were fed a standard chow or high-fat diet for 5 weeks. At week 5, mice were subjected to a 60-min (16 m/min, 5 % incline) running bout (or sham) during the early rest (day) or early active (night) phase. Tissue and serum samples were collected immediately post-exercise (n = 6/group). In vivo glucose oxidation was measured after oral administration of 13C-glucose via 13CO2 exhalation analysis in metabolic cages. Basal and isoproterenol-stimulated adipose tissue lipolysis was assessed ex vivo for 1 h following exercise. RESULTS Lean mice displayed exercise-timing-specific plasticity in metabolic outcomes, including phase-specificity in systemic glucose metabolism and adipose-tissue-autonomous lipolytic activity depending on time of day. Conversely, obesity impaired temporal postexercise differences in whole-body glucose oxidation, as well as the phase- and exercise-mediated induction of lipolysis in isolated adipose tissue. This obesity-induced alteration in diurnal metabolism, as well as the indistinct response to exercise, was observed concomitant with disruption of core clock gene expression in peripheral tissues. CONCLUSIONS Overall, high-fat fed obese mice exhibit metabolic inflexibility, which is also evident in the diurnal exercise response. Our study provides physiological insight into exercise timing-dependent aspects in the dynamic regulation of metabolism and the influence of obesity on this biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan A Pendergrast
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephen P Ashcroft
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amy M Ehrlich
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Krook
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lucile Dollet
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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49
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Pan Y, Gao Y, Wang Z, Dou Y, Sun X, Yang Z, Pan S, Jia C. Effects of low-tube voltage coronary CT angiography on plaque and pericoronary fat assessment: intraindividual comparison. Eur Radiol 2024:10.1007/s00330-024-10648-0. [PMID: 38466391 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of low tube voltage on coronary plaques and pericoronary fat assessment, and to compare their extent among various levels of low voltage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were recommended for high-pitch low-tube voltage coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), and they were included if they had poor image quality and were referred to a conventional CCTA. The patients were classified into a low-voltage group (with 70-kV, 80-kV, and 90-kV subgroups) and a conventional group (100/120 kV). Their total plaque and subcomponent volumes and pericoronary fat attenuation index (FAI) were measured. RESULTS A total of 1002 image slices (from 65 patients and 74 plaques) were included, including 21, 31, 13, 4, and 61 patients in the 70-kV, 80-kV, 90-kV, 100-kV, and 120-kV groups respectively. The CT values of noncalcified plaques in the conventional and low-voltage groups were 54.6 ± 21.3 HU and 31.5 ± 22.6 HU, respectively (p < 0.05). Compared with the conventional group, the necrotic core and calcification volume were increased, and the fibrolipid volume, periplaque, and right coronary artery FAI were decreased in the low-voltage group and its subgroups (p < 0.001). The magnitude of changes in fibrous and calcification volumes increased in the 70-kV subgroup compared with that in the 90-kV subgroup (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Low tube voltages, particularly of 70 kV, have a significant effect on coronary plaque and FAI. The effect of low voltage on plaque composition is characterized by a polarization pattern, i.e., a decrease in fibrolipid (medium density) and an increase in necrotic core (low density) and calcification (high density). CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Our results highlight the comparability and repeatability of plaque and pericoronary fat assessments facilitated by the same or a similar tube voltage. It is necessary to carry out studies on the specificity threshold of low tube voltage at each level. KEY POINTS • Low tube voltage had a significant effect on coronary plaque and pericoronary fat, particularly 70 kV. • The effect of low tube voltage on plaque composition shows the shift from medium-density mixed components to low- and high-density components. • It is necessary to correct the specificity threshold or attenuation difference for low tube voltage at each level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Pan
- The Department of Cardiovascular Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
| | - Yaqi Gao
- The Department of Cardiovascular Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
| | - Zhaoqian Wang
- The Department of Cardiovascular Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
| | - Yana Dou
- Siemens Healthineers Ltd, No. 7, Wangjing Zhonghuan South Road, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Xixia Sun
- The Department of Cardiovascular Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- The Department of Cardiovascular Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
| | - Shuang Pan
- The Department of Cardiovascular Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
| | - Chongfu Jia
- The Department of Cardiovascular Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China.
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50
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Subramanian N, Wiik A, Rullman E, Melin M, Lundberg TR, Flanagan J, Holmberg M, Dekanski A, Dhejne C, Arver S, Gustafsson T, Laurencikiene J, Andersson DP. Adipokine secretion and lipolysis following gender-affirming treatment in transgender individuals. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02323-4. [PMID: 38460092 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The organ-specific effects of gender-affirming sex hormone treatment (GAHT) in transgender women (TW) and transgender men (TM) are insufficiently explored. This study investigated the effects of GAHT on adipose tissue function. METHODS In a single-center interventional prospective study, 32 adults undergoing GAHT, 15 TW and 17 TM, were examined with anthropometry and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies obtained before initiation of treatment, 1 month after endogenous sex hormone inhibition and three and 11 months after initiated GAHT. Fat cell size, basal/stimulated lipolysis and cytokine secretion in adipose tissue were analyzed. RESULTS TW displayed an increase in complement component 3a and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) secretion after sex hormone inhibition, which returned to baseline following estradiol treatment. No changes in lipolysis were seen in TW. TM showed downregulation of RBP4 after treatment, but no changes in basal lipolysis. In TM, the estrogen suppression led to higher noradrenaline stimulated (NA) lipolysis that was normalized following testosterone treatment. At 11 months, the ratio of NA/basal lipolysis was lower compared to baseline. There were no significant changes in fat cell size in either TW or TM. CONCLUSION In TW, gonadal hormone suppression results in transient changes in cytokines and in TM there are some changes in NA-stimulated lipolysis following testosterone treatment. However, despite the known metabolic effects of sex hormones, the overall effects of GAHT on adipose tissue function are small and likely have limited clinical relevance, but larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm these findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02518009, Retrospectively registered 7 August 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Subramanian
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2:94, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - A Wiik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Rullman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Melin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T R Lundberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Flanagan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Holmberg
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2:94, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86, Huddinge, Sweden
- ANOVA, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and Transgender Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Dekanski
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2:94, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - C Dhejne
- ANOVA, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and Transgender Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Arver
- ANOVA, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and Transgender Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Gustafsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Laurencikiene
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2:94, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - D P Andersson
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2:94, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86, Huddinge, Sweden.
- Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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