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Montironi ID, Campra NA, Arsaute S, Cecchini ME, Raviolo JM, Vanden Braber N, Barrios B, Montenegro M, Correa S, Grosso MC, Mañas F, Bellingeri RV, Cariddi LN. Minthostachys verticillata Griseb (Epling.) (Lamiaceae) essential oil orally administered modulates gastrointestinal immunological and oxidative parameters in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 290:115078. [PMID: 35157954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Minthostachys verticillata (Griseb.) Epling (Lamiaceae) is a plant used in folk medicine for digestive or respiratory disorders. In addition, it is incorporated as condiment, in foods, as beverage flavoring or mate. The ethnopharmacological interest of M. verticillata resides in its essential oil (EO). Part of group has demonstrated the immunomodulatory ability of EO giving this oil a biological potential not known until that moment and conducted studies to evaluate their possible application in diseases of veterinary interest. However, the immunomodulatory effects of EO administered orally have not been fully characterized. AIM OF THE STUDY This study evaluated the impact of EO oral administration on gastrointestinal and immune health through measurement of immunological and oxidative parameters in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS The EO was extracted from the leaves, slender stems and flowers of M. verticillata by hydrodistillation and chemical analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Prior to in vivo study, the cytotoxic effect of EO was determined using the human colon carcinoma Caco-2 cell line. For in vivo study, three groups of male Balb/c mice (n = 3) were orally administered with saline solution (control group) and EO (5 or 10 mg/kg/day) during 10 consecutive days. Subsequently, histological and hematological parameters, cytokines production, oxidative markers and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were evaluated. RESULTS The chemical analysis of EO revealed the presence of a high content of monoterpenes, being the main pulegone (76.12%) and menthone (14.28%). The EO oral administration improved mice growth performance and modulated systemic adaptive immune response by increasing in the total leukocyte number. A high percentage of CD4+ T cells were observed whereas the number of CD8+ T cells was not altered. EO did not alter the morpho-physiology of intestine and improved total antioxidant capacity by decreasing MDA concentrations. In addition, EO decreased the IL-6 levels and increased in the IL-4 and IL-10 concentrations. CONCLUSION Results indicate that M. verticillata EO modulate inflammatory and oxidative parameters constituting a natural alternative which could be applied to improve gastrointestinal and immune functionality in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana D Montironi
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Noelia A Campra
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS), Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sofía Arsaute
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS), Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Cecchini
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS), Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - José M Raviolo
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Departamento de Producción Animal, Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Noelia Vanden Braber
- Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CITVM-CONICET), Villa María, 5220, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Bibiana Barrios
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
| | - Mariana Montenegro
- Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CITVM-CONICET), Villa María, 5220, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Silvia Correa
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
| | - María C Grosso
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Departamento de Anatomía Animal, Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fernando Mañas
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Romina V Bellingeri
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Departamento de Anatomía Animal, Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Laura Noelia Cariddi
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS), Río Cuarto, 5800, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Todesco M, Pontara E, Cheng C, Gerosa G, Pengo V, Bagno A. Preliminary hemocompatibility assessment of an innovative material for blood contacting surfaces. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2021; 32:86. [PMID: 34313865 PMCID: PMC8316223 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06556-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, several devices have been created (and the development of many others is currently in progress) to be in permanent contact with blood: mechanical circulatory supports represent an example thereof. The hemocompatibility of these devices largely depends on the chemical composition of blood-contacting components. In the present work, an innovative material (hybrid membrane) is proposed to fabricate the inner surfaces of a pulsatile ventricular chamber: it has been obtained by coupling a synthetic polymer (e.g., commercial polycarbonate urethane) with decellularized porcine pericardium. The hemocompatibility of the innovative material has been preliminarily assessed by measuring its capacity to promote thrombin generation and induce platelet activation. Our results demonstrated the blood compatibility of the proposed hybrid membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Todesco
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy
- L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Veneto Region, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Pontara
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Chunyan Cheng
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Gino Gerosa
- L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Veneto Region, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Vittorio Pengo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Bagno
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy.
- L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Veneto Region, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy.
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Kerbauy LN, Marin ND, Kaplan M, Banerjee PP, Berrien-Elliott MM, Becker-Hapak M, Basar R, Foster M, Garcia Melo L, Neal CC, McClain E, Daher M, Nunez Cortes AK, Desai S, Inng Lim FW, Mendt MC, Schappe T, Li L, Shaim H, Shanley M, Ensley EL, Uprety N, Wong P, Liu E, Ang SO, Cai R, Nandivada V, Mohanty V, Miao Q, Shen Y, Baran N, Fowlkes NW, Chen K, Muniz-Feliciano L, Champlin RE, Nieto YL, Koch J, Treder M, Fischer W, Okamoto OK, Shpall EJ, Fehniger TA, Rezvani K. Combining AFM13, a Bispecific CD30/CD16 Antibody, with Cytokine-Activated Blood and Cord Blood-Derived NK Cells Facilitates CAR-like Responses Against CD30 + Malignancies. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3744-3756. [PMID: 33986022 PMCID: PMC8254785 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Natural killer (NK)-cell recognition and function against NK-resistant cancers remain substantial barriers to the broad application of NK-cell immunotherapy. Potential solutions include bispecific engagers that target NK-cell activity via an NK-activating receptor when simultaneously targeting a tumor-specific antigen, as well as enhancing functionality using IL12/15/18 cytokine pre-activation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We assessed single-cell NK-cell responses stimulated by the tetravalent bispecific antibody AFM13 that binds CD30 on leukemia/lymphoma targets and CD16A on various types of NK cells using mass cytometry and cytotoxicity assays. The combination of AFM13 and IL12/15/18 pre-activation of blood and cord blood-derived NK cells was investigated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We found heterogeneity within AFM13-directed conventional blood NK cell (cNK) responses, as well as consistent AFM13-directed polyfunctional activation of mature NK cells across donors. NK-cell source also impacted the AFM13 response, with cNK cells from healthy donors exhibiting superior responses to those from patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. IL12/15/18-induced memory-like NK cells from peripheral blood exhibited enhanced killing of CD30+ lymphoma targets directed by AFM13, compared with cNK cells. Cord-blood NK cells preactivated with IL12/15/18 and ex vivo expanded with K562-based feeders also exhibited enhanced killing with AFM13 stimulation via upregulation of signaling pathways related to NK-cell effector function. AFM13-NK complex cells exhibited enhanced responses to CD30+ lymphomas in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We identify AFM13 as a promising combination with cytokine-activated adult blood or cord-blood NK cells to treat CD30+ hematologic malignancies, warranting clinical trials with these novel combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila N Kerbauy
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Departments of Stem Cell Transplantation and Hemotherapy/Cellular Therapy, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nancy D Marin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mecit Kaplan
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pinaki P Banerjee
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Melissa M Berrien-Elliott
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michelle Becker-Hapak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Rafet Basar
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mark Foster
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Luciana Garcia Melo
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carly C Neal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ethan McClain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - May Daher
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ana Karen Nunez Cortes
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sweta Desai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Francesca Wei Inng Lim
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mayela Carolina Mendt
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy Schappe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Li Li
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hila Shaim
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mayra Shanley
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Emily L Ensley
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nadima Uprety
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pamela Wong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Enli Liu
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sonny O Ang
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rong Cai
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Vandana Nandivada
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Vakul Mohanty
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Qi Miao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yifei Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Natalia Baran
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Natalie W Fowlkes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Luis Muniz-Feliciano
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Richard E Champlin
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yago L Nieto
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | - Oswaldo Keith Okamoto
- Departments of Stem Cell Transplantation and Hemotherapy/Cellular Therapy, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth J Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Todd A Fehniger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
| | - Katayoun Rezvani
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Sibomana I, Rohan JG, Mattie DR. 21-Day dermal exposure to aircraft engine oils: effects on esterase activities in brain and liver tissues, blood, plasma, and clinical chemistry parameters for Sprague Dawley rats. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2021; 84:357-388. [PMID: 33380269 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1867680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This dermal study tested the potential toxicity of grade 3 (G3) and 4 (G4) organophosphate-containing aircraft engine oils in both new (G3-N, G4-N) and used states (G3-U, G4-U) to alter esterase activities in blood, brain and liver tissues, clinical chemistry parameters, and electrophysiology of hippocampal neurons. A 300 µl volume of undiluted oil was applied in Hill Top Chamber Systems®, then attached to fur-free test sites on backs of male and female Sprague Dawley rats for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for 21 days. Recovery rats received similar treatments and kept for 14 days post-exposure to screen for reversibility, persistence, or delayed occurrence of toxicity. In brain, both versions of G3 and G4 significantly decreased (32-41%) female acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity while in males only G3-N and G4-N reduced (33%) AChE activity. Oils did not markedly affect AChE in liver, regardless of gender. In whole blood, G3-U decreased female AChE (29%) which persisted during recovery (32%). G4-N significantly lowered (29%) butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in male plasma, but this effect was resolved during recovery. For clinical chemistry indices, only globulin levels in female plasma significantly increased following G3-N or G4-N exposure. Preliminary electrophysiology data suggested that effects of both versions of G3 and G4 on hippocampal function may be gender dependent. Aircraft maintenance workers may be at risk if precautions are not taken to minimize long-term aircraft oil exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaie Sibomana
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 711 Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA
| | - Joyce G Rohan
- Environmental Health Effects Laboratory, Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton (NAMRU-D), Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA
| | - David R Mattie
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 711 Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA
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Ciocan D, Cassard AM, Becquemont L, Verstuyft C, Voican CS, El Asmar K, Colle R, David D, Trabado S, Feve B, Chanson P, Perlemuter G, Corruble E. Blood microbiota and metabolomic signature of major depression before and after antidepressant treatment: a prospective case-control study. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E358-E368. [PMID: 34008933 PMCID: PMC8327971 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.200159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiota interacts with the brain through the gut-brain axis, and a distinct dysbiosis may lead to major depressive episodes. Bacteria can pass through the gut barrier and be found in the blood. Using a multiomic approach, we investigated whether a distinct blood microbiome and metabolome was associated with major depressive episodes, and how it was modulated by treatment. METHODS In this case-control multiomic study, we analyzed the blood microbiome composition, inferred bacterial functions and metabolomic profile of 56 patients experiencing a current major depressive episode and 56 matched healthy controls, before and after treatment, using 16S rDNA sequencing and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS The baseline blood microbiome in patients with a major depressive episode was distinct from that of healthy controls (patients with a major depressive episode had a higher proportion of Janthinobacterium and lower levels of Neisseria) and changed after antidepressant treatment. Predicted microbiome functions confirmed by metabolomic profiling showed that patients who were experiencing a major depressive episode had alterations in the cyanoamino acid pathway at baseline. High baseline levels of Firmicutes and low proportions of Bosea and Tetrasphaera were associated with response to antidepressant treatment. Based on inferred baseline metagenomic profiles, bacterial pathways that were significantly associated with treatment response were related to xenobiotics, amino acids, and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, including tryptophan and drug metabolism. Metabolomic analyses showed that plasma tryptophan levels are independently associated with response to antidepressant treatment. LIMITATIONS Our study has some limitations, including a lack of information on blood microbiome origin and the lack of a validation cohort to confirm our results. CONCLUSION Patients with depression have a distinct blood microbiome and metabolomic signature that changes after treatment. Dysbiosis could be a new therapeutic target and prognostic tool for the treatment of patients who are experiencing a major depressive episode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragos Ciocan
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Anne-Marie Cassard
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Laurent Becquemont
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Céline Verstuyft
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Cosmin Sebastian Voican
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Khalil El Asmar
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Romain Colle
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Denis David
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Séverine Trabado
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Bruno Feve
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Philippe Chanson
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Gabriel Perlemuter
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
| | - Emmanuelle Corruble
- From the INSERM UMRS 996 - Intestinal Microbiota, Macrophages and Liver Inflammation, DHU Hepatinov, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Voican, Perlemuter); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Ciocan, Cassard, Becquemont, Verstuyft, Voican, El Asmar, Colle, Trabado, Chanson, Perlemuter, Corruble); the APHP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Antoine-Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France (Ciocan, Voican, Perlemuter); the Centre for Clinical Research (CRC), Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont); the INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "MOODS" Team, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, El Asmar, David, Corruble); the Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormones, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Becquemont, Verstuyft, Trabado); the Psychiatry Department, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Colle, Corruble); the University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, 92 296, France (David); the INSERM 1185, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France (Trabado, Chanson); the Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, University Paris 6, Paris, France (Feve); the INSERM UMR S_938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Paris, France (Feve); and the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94275, France (Chanson)
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Ji P, Li C, Wei Y, Wu F, Liu S, Hua Y, Yao W, Zhang X, Yuan Z, Wen Y. Screening study of blood-supplementing active components in water decoction of Angelica sinensis processed with yellow rice wine based on response surface methodology. Pharm Biol 2020; 58:1167-1176. [PMID: 33222580 PMCID: PMC7877401 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1844760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Apiaceae) (syn. Angelica polymorpha Maxim var. sinensis Oliver) processed with yellow rice wine (WAS) has a blood-supplementing effect. OBJECTIVE To establish an optimal technology for preparing water decoction of WAS (WASD), and screen blood-supplementing fractions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ferulic acid and crude polysaccharide were used in optimizing the preparation technology for WASD through response surface methodology. The independent variables were liquid-solid ratio, soaking time, and extraction time. Eighty Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control, model, and six intervention groups (n = 10). The intervention groups were given different WASD fractions by gavage (5 or 10 g/kg). The model intervention groups received acetylphenyl hydrazine (subcutaneous injection) and cyclophosphamide (intraperitoneal injection). Duration of study, 9 days. The components of blood-supplementing fractions were analyzed. RESULTS The optimum extraction parameters were liquid-solid ratio, 7.69:1 mL/g; soaking time, 119.78 min; and extraction time, 143.35 min. The optimal OD value was 0.8437. RBC, WBC, and Hb in the water fraction (5, 10 g/kg) and n-butanol fraction (10 g/kg) intervention groups increased significantly compared with the model group (p < 0.05). Polysaccharide and caffeic acid contents of water fraction were 252.565 and 0.346 μg/mg, respectively; ferulic acid was not detected. Caffeic acid and ferulic acid contents of n-butanol fraction were 1.187 and 0.806 μg/mg, respectively, polysaccharide was not detected. CONCLUSIONS The optimum preparation technology of WASD was obtained, and the water, n-butanol fractions were blood-supplementing fractions. This study provides a theoretical foundation for further application of WAS in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yanming Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
- CONTACT Yanming Wei College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fanlin Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shengli Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongli Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wanling Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ziwen Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiao Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
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Lima LR, Andrade FK, Alves DR, de Morais SM, Vieira RS. Anti-acetylcholinesterase and toxicity against Artemia salina of chitosan microparticles loaded with essential oils of Cymbopogon flexuosus, Pelargonium x ssp and Copaifera officinalis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:1361-1370. [PMID: 33217462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential for use as alternatives or as support to conventional treatments. However, EOs present limitations, such as sensibility to environmental factors, which can be overcome through microencapsulation. The objective of this study was to produce, by spray drying, chitosan microparticles (CMs) loaded with EO of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus), Geranium (Pelargonium x ssp) and Copaiba (Copaifera officinalis). Physicochemical and biological characterization of these microparticles showed that CMs presented spherical morphology, had an average size range of 2-3 μm with positive zeta potential (ZP) values, and enhanced thermal stability, compared to free EO. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) ranged from 4.8-58.6%, depending on the oil's properties. In vitro EO release from CMs was determined at different pHs, with 94% release observed in acid media. All microparticles were non-hemolytic at concentrations of up to 0.1 mg·mL-1. EOs and CMs presented acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity (IC 50 ranged from 11.92 to 28.18 μg·mL-1). Geranium and Copaiba EOs presented higher toxicity against Artemia salina, and greater inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, indicating potential bioactivity for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our findings demonstrate that CM systems may show promise for the controlled release of these EOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laysa Rocha Lima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fabia Karine Andrade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Daniela Ribeiro Alves
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Center for Science and Technology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Selene Maia de Morais
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Center for Science and Technology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Xiong H, Zhang AH, Zhao QQ, Yan GL, Sun H, Wang XJ. Discovery of quality-marker ingredients of Panax quinquefolius driven by high-throughput chinmedomics approach. Phytomedicine 2020; 74:152928. [PMID: 31451286 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality control of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has always been a hot issue to TCM. However, due to the complexity of TCM ingredients, the current quality standards of TCM have problems that are difficult to guarantee clinical efficacy. American ginseng, the dried roots of Pawajc quinquefolium L. (Araliaceae), is a valuable herbal medicine due to various pharmacological effects and huge health benefit, which are associated with numerous active ingredients such as ginsenosides. Although a large number of studies have investigated the active ingredients of American ginseng, Q-markers reflecting comprehensive review on its efficacies has yet been unrevealed. PURPOSE The study aims to discover the Q-markers of Panax quinquefolius (American ginseng), provides a powerful method to clarify the significant ingredents of TCM and help further discovering extensive quality evaluation model,contributing to a significant improvement of TCM quality standard. METHODS Mice general status, biochemical indexes assay, urine metabolic profile, and serum metabolic profile were utilized for model replication and efficacy evaluation. The in vitro and in vivo constituents of American ginseng using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) with Serum Pharmacochemistry of TCM were in-depth investigated. Q-markers that were associated with core markers of therapeutic effects were excavated by a plotting of correlation between marker metabolites and serum constituents (PCMS) approach. RESULTS Correlation analysis of 41 blood and urine labeled metabolites with 14 serum components showed that 24-methyl-7-cholesten-3β-ol, zizybeoside II, betulin, ginsenoside Rd, cinnamyl alcohol, pseudoginsenoside F11 is highly correlated with the therapeutic effects of Compound Zaofan Pill (CZP), while pseudoginsenoside F11 and ginsenoside Rd are highly correlated with the therapeutic effects of American ginseng. The six absorbed blood compounds can be considered as potential Q-markers for compound, of which two compounds, such as pseudoginsenoside F11 and ginsenoside Rd, can be considered as potential Q-markers for American ginseng. CONCLUSION The study has demonstrated that the Chinmedomics is an effective, comprehensive and fire-new method for discovering the Q-markers of TCM, and it may be more reasonable choices to establish quality standards of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiong
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, China
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, China
| | - Qi-Qi Zhao
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, China
| | - Guang-Li Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau.
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9
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van Vuuren S, Frank L. Review: Southern African medicinal plants used as blood purifiers. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 249:112434. [PMID: 31812645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMALOGICAL RELEVANCE Blood purification practices, also referred to as blood cleansing or detoxification, is an ancient concept which is widespread amongst African traditional medicine, but for which no modern scientific basis exists. There prevails considerable ambiguity in defining what a blood purifier is. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this review is to firstly define what a blood purifier is in the context of African traditional medicine and compare to other cultural and westernized interpretations. Thereafter, this study identifies traditionally used medicinal plants used as blood purifiers in southern Africa and correlates these species to scientific studies, which may support evidence for these "blood purifying plant species". MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnobotanical books and review articles were used to identify medicinal plants used for blood purification. Databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed and Google Scholar were used to source scientific articles. An evaluation was made to try correlate traditional use to scientific value of the plant species. RESULTS One hundred and fifty nine plant species have been documented as traditional remedies for blood purification. Most of the plant species have some pharmacological activity, however, very little link to the traditional use for blood purification. There has been some justification of the link between blood purification and the use as an antimicrobial and this has been explored in many of the plant species identified as blood purifiers. Other pharmacological studies specifically pertaining to the blood require further attention. CONCLUSION Irrespective of the ambiguity of interpretation, medicinal plants used to "cleanse the blood", play an important holistic role in traditional medicine and this review with recommendations for further study provides some value of exploring this theme in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa.
| | - L Frank
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
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10
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Hoggarth A, Grist M, Murch T. Influence of Celox Rapid's Mode of Action Under Normal and Compromised Blood Conditions. J Spec Oper Med 2020; 20:154-155. [PMID: 32573757 DOI: 10.55460/4yll-m365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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11
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Moreno-Fernández A, Macías-García L, Valverde-Moreno R, Ortiz T, Fernández-Rodríguez A, Moliní-Estrada A, De-Miguel M. Autohemotherapy with ozone as a possible effective treatment for Fibromyalgia. Acta Reumatol Port 2019; 44:244-249. [PMID: 31575841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of autohemotherapy with ozone in the management of fibromyalgia (FM). DESIGN 20 FM patients (according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology), were treated with 10 sessions of ozone hemotherapy (2 sessions per week) with a concentration of 30-60 mcgr/ml. The health condition of the patients was evaluated before and after treatment, through the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Blood samples were obtained from all patients by venous puncture for biochemical routine analysis and serotonin levels in serum and the following peripheral blood mononuclear cells (BMCs) were isolated for oxidative stress quantification: reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and lipid peroxidation (LP) and protein carbonyl (PC) content, as these are signs of oxidative cell damage. RESULTS All patients treated with ozone reported an improvement in sleep and mental alertness, a marked decrease of asthenia accompanied by a decrease of FIQ as well as tender points, and a moderate increase of serotonin levels. Also, an important decrease of LP and PC was observed; ROS also decreased, although less obvious, which indicates a reduction in oxidative stress levels. CONCLUSIONS The autohemotherapy with ozone in patients with FM showed an important decline of tender points and FIQ score, as well as a decrease of oxidative stress levels. This treatment allows patients to face life with greater vitality and less drug use, diminishing harmful side effects. Further investigation should be carried out, including groups with more patients and clinical trials, to elucidate the effect of ozone therapy in patients suffering from FM.
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Abstract
A clinical trial was undertaken to assess the feasibility of treatment with high-dose cisplatin on an outpatient basis. Eleven patients entered the study: 9 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, 1 patient with malignant melanoma of the skin, and 1 patient with breast cancer. All patients were pretreated. The chemotherapy scheme consisted of cisplatin, 60 mg/m2 for 3 consecutive days, every 4 weeks. We observed 5 partial responses, 4 stable diseases, and 1 progression of disease; 1 patient failed due to toxicity. The overall response rate was 45.4%. This treatment was associated with severe toxicity including nausea and vomiting, myelosuppression, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and electrolyte disorders. Two patients died and 2 discontinued the treatment due to toxicity. In light of the incidence and severity of toxicity, this treatment should not be used as routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Merlano
- Dept. of Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italia
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13
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Lin L, Ge-Er L, Fang-Zhou Y, Bao-Chang C, Chunqin M, Tu-Lin L, De J. Metabolomic profiling of the effects of Curcumae rhizoma and Sparganii rhizome on stress-led blood stasis. Pak J Pharm Sci 2018; 31:333-339. [PMID: 29386162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Blood stasis (BS) is a complex syndrome with blood flow retardation or cessation. The Traditional Chinese Medicine, Curcumae rhizome (CR) and Sparganii rhizome (SR), showed promising effects on this disease, and especially effective when used in combination. However, the detailed influence of the TCMs on the BSS disturbed metabolic pathways was still unclear. In this study, a BS model was constructed in SD rat and the TCMs were used individually or in combination to assess the effects. As a result, combination of CR and SR led to the improvement in hemorheology parameters of up to 80% in the BS model. Further analyzing using metabolomics showed several metabolic pathways, including center carbon metabolism, amino acid metabolism, etc., recovered to the normal levels after treatment. Informatively, tyrosine and thymidine exhibited potential importance in the BSS and its treatment process. From these results, the metabolic profiles of BS and the SR-CR treatment were provided, which may helpful for better understanding the BSS mechanism and the development of more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Sheng, PR China
| | - Lou Ge-Er
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yin Fang-Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Sheng, PR China
| | - Cai Bao-Chang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Sheng, PR China
| | - Mao Chunqin
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Sheng, PR China
| | - Lu Tu-Lin
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Sheng, PR China
| | - Ji De
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Sheng, PR China
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Milošević MD, Paunović MG, Matić MM, Ognjanović BI, Saičić ZS. The ameliorating effects of selenium and vitamin C against fenitrothion-induced blood toxicity in Wistar rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 56:204-209. [PMID: 28961515 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fenitrothion is widely used organophosphate pesticide in agriculture and health programs, but besides, it causes several toxic effects. The present study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of selenium (0.5mg/kg b.w.) and vitamin C (100mg/kg b.w) on altered haematological, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in the blood of rats orally treated with fenitrothion (20mg/kg b.w) for 30days. Fenitrothion caused changes in body weight, food and water intake, and some haematological and biochemical parameters. Fenitrothion altered the glutathione redox status (GSH and GSSG) and decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, GST, SOD and CAT), leading to a lipid peroxidation. Selenium and vitamin C, by improving the activity of antioxidants, reduced oxidative stress and a lipid peroxidation, maintaining the values of examined parameters to optimal levels. Therefore, selenium and vitamin C could be useful in providing protection of exposed non-target organisms including people from fenitrothion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija D Milošević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Milica G Paunović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Miloš M Matić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Branka I Ognjanović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Zorica S Saičić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.
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Su G, Wang H, Gao Y, Chen G, Pei Y, Bai J. ¹H-NMR-Based Metabonomics of the Protective Effect of Coptis chinensis and Berberine on Cinnabar-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rats. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111855. [PMID: 29099071 PMCID: PMC6150353 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coptis chinensis Franch has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating infectious and inflammatory diseases for over two thousand years. Berberine (BN), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is the main component of Coptis chinensis. The pharmacological basis for its therapeutic effects, which include hepatoprotective effects on liver injuries, has been studied intensively, yet the therapy of liver injuries and underlying mechanism remain unclear. We investigated the detoxification mechanism of Coptis chinensis and berberine using metabolomics of urine and serum in the present study. After the treatment with Coptis chinensis and berberine, compared with the cinnabar group, Coptis chinensis and berberine can regulate the concentration of the endogenous metabolites. PLS-DA score plots demonstrated that the urine and serum metabolic profiles in rats of the Coptis chinensis and berberine groups were similar those of the control group, yet remarkably apart from the cinnabar group. The mechanism may be related to the endogenous metabolites including energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism and metabolism of intestinal flora in rats. Meanwhile, liver and kidney histopathology examinations and serum clinical chemistry analysis verified the experimental results of metabonomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyue Su
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yuxian Gao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yuehu Pei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jiao Bai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Silvério ACP, Machado SC, Azevedo L, Nogueira DA, de Castro Graciano MM, Simões JS, Viana ALM, Martins I. Assessment of exposure to pesticides in rural workers in southern of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 55:99-106. [PMID: 28843102 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess of occupational exposure to pesticides in rural workers using genotoxicity test, bioindicators and clinical evaluation. Blood, urine and buccal samples from persons, rural workers exposed to a complex mixture of pesticides with organophosphates (n=94) and without organophosphates (n=94) were collected to compare the activities of cholinesterases, the levels of urinary dialkyl phosphates, genotoxicity data, from a cytome assay. Biomarkers were analysed by traditional/published methods Control group consisted of 50 other persons, non- occupationally exposed to pesticides from the city of Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. All subjects underwent a clinical evaluation. In the group exposed to organophosphates, the activity of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and total cholinesterase was lower by 63.8%, 12.8%, and 14.8%, respectively, and 92.6% of the group had dialkyl phosphates present in their urine. The cytome assay was used to measure biomarkers of DNA damage (micronuclei and/or elimination of nuclear material by budding), cytokinetic defects (binucleated cells), and proliferative potential (basal cell) and/or cell death (condensed chromatin, karyorrhectic, pyknotic, and karyolytic cells). The group exposed to organophosphates showed significant changes in all these parameters compared to the control group and showed significant changes in budding, condensed chromatin and karyolytic cells compared with the group non-exposed to organophosphates. Data from the clinical evaluation showed significant changes in the central nervous, respiratory and auditory systems. The studied biomarkers are able to distinguish occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides and the data showed hazardous exposure to organophosphates and afforded valuable data to estimate the risk to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cristina Pupin Silvério
- Laboratory of Toxicants and Drugs Analysis - LATF, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Simone Caetani Machado
- Laboratory of Toxicants and Drugs Analysis - LATF, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Laboratory Nutritional and Toxicological Analysis in vivo - LANTIN, Faculty of Nutrion, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Denismar Alves Nogueira
- Institute of Exact Sciences- ICEX- Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Savioli Simões
- Laboratory of Toxicants and Drugs Analysis - LATF, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Machado Viana
- Laboratory of Clinical Analysis- LACEN, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Isarita Martins
- Laboratory of Toxicants and Drugs Analysis - LATF, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
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17
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Macedo-Júnior SJ, Luiz-Cerutti M, Nascimento DB, Farina M, Soares Santos AR, de Azevedo Maia AH. Methylmercury exposure for 14 days (short-term) produces behavioral and biochemical changes in mouse cerebellum, liver, and serum. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2017; 80:1145-1155. [PMID: 28850017 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1357324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Various studies on methylmercury (MeHg)-induced toxicity focused on the central nervous system (CNS) as a primary target. However, MeHg-mediated toxicity is related to metallic interaction with electrophilic groups, which are not solely restricted to the CNS, but these reactive groups are present ubiquitously in several systems/organs. The aim of this study was thus to examine MeHg-induced systemic toxicity in mice using a standardized neurotoxicology testing exposure model to measure cerebellar neurotoxicity by determining biochemical and behavioral parameters in the cerebellum. After 2 weeks exposure to MeHg (40 µg/ml; diluted in drinking water; ad libitum), adult male Swiss mice showed a marked motor impairment characteristic of cerebellar toxicity as noted in the following tests: rotarod, beam walking, pole, and hind limb clasping. MeHg treatment resulted in Hg deposition in the cerebellum as well as reduction in cerebellar weight, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels. MeHg ingestion increased cerebellar glutathione reductase (GR) activity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. In addition to cerebellar toxicity, MeHg treatment also elevated total and non-high density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol levels, as well as serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) enzymatic activities, systemic parameters. Increased liver weight and reduced serum urea levels were also noted in MeHg-exposed mice. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that a well-standardized exposure protocol to examine MeHg-induced neurotoxicity also produced systemic toxicity in mice, which was characterized by changes in markers of hepatic function as well as serum lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio José Macedo-Júnior
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia , Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil
| | - Murilo Luiz-Cerutti
- b Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil
| | - Denise B Nascimento
- c Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , RS , Brazil
| | - Marcelo Farina
- d Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil
| | - Adair Roberto Soares Santos
- b Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil
| | - Alcíbia Helena de Azevedo Maia
- e Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil
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Damiani AP, Garcez ML, Letieli de Abreu L, Tavares TH, Rodrigues Boeck C, Moraes de Andrade V. A reduction in DNA damage in neural tissue and peripheral blood of old mice treated with caffeine. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2017; 80:621-629. [PMID: 28524728 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1286901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Studies on caffeine consumption have shown a negative correlation with development of some diseases with subsequent beneficial manifestations. Our aim was to assess the effects of caffeine on peripheral blood and neural tissue DNA in young adult and aged mice. Male Swiss mice (age 2-3 or 16-18 months, respectively) were treated with a caffeine solution (0.3 g/l) for 4 weeks, while controls received water. After the treatments, blood and hippocampal cells (for a comet assay) and femurs (for a micronucleus [MN] test) were collected. The comet assay of peripheral blood and hippocampal cells demonstrated no significant differences between caffeine-treated and control young adult mice in terms of DNA damage index (DI) and frequency. In contrast, when comparing young adult with aged animals, significant differences were observed in DNA damage in blood and hippocampal cells. The differences between aged animals (with or without caffeine) consisted of a significant decrease in DNA DI in the group that received caffeine. In the MN test, an increase in frequency of micronucleated polychromatic (PCE) erythrocytes was noted in aged animals that received water compared to young adult mice. In addition, comparing treated with control aged murine groups, a decrease in frequency of MN was found in PCE erythrocytes of caffeine-treated mice. Chronic caffeine consumption was neither genotoxic nor mutagenic at the dose tested; however, it appears that caffeine actually protected mice from genotoxicity and mutagenicity, consequences attributed to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriani Paganini Damiani
- a Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense - UNESC , Criciúma , SC , Brazil
| | - Michelle Lima Garcez
- a Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense - UNESC , Criciúma , SC , Brazil
| | - Larissa Letieli de Abreu
- a Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense - UNESC , Criciúma , SC , Brazil
| | - Taís Helena Tavares
- a Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense - UNESC , Criciúma , SC , Brazil
| | - Carina Rodrigues Boeck
- b Programa de Pós-graduação em Nanociências , Centro Universitário Franciscano - UNIFRA , Santa Maria , RS , Brazil
| | - Vanessa Moraes de Andrade
- a Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense - UNESC , Criciúma , SC , Brazil
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Sharma S, Sharma KP, Sharma S. Role of Spirulina in mitigating hemato-toxicity in Swiss albino mice exposed to aluminum and aluminum fluoride. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:25280-25287. [PMID: 27687764 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7718-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum is ingested through foods, water, air, and even drugs. Its intake is potentiated further through foods and tea prepared in aluminum utensils and Al salt added in the drinking water for removal of suspended impurities and also fluoride in the affected areas. The ameliorating role of a blue green alga Spirulina is well documented to various pollutants in the animal models. We, therefore, examined its protective role (230 mg/kg body weight) on the hematology of male Swiss albino mice treated with aluminum (sub-acute = 78.4 mg/kg body weight for 7 days, sub-chronic = 7.8 mg/kg body weight for 90 days) and aluminum fluoride (sub-acute = 103 mg/kg body weight, sub-chronic = 21 mg/kg body weight), along with their recovery after 90 days of sub-chronic exposure. This study revealed significant reduction in the values of RBC (5-18 %), Hb (15-17 %), PCV (8-14 %), and platelets (26-36 %), and increase in WBC (54-124 %) in the treated mice, particularly after sub-acute exposure. Aluminum fluoride was comparatively more toxic than aluminum. Further, Spirulina supplement not only alleviated toxicity of test chemicals in Swiss albino mice but also led to their better recovery after withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sharma
- Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302004, India.
| | - K P Sharma
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302004, India
| | - Subhasini Sharma
- Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302004, India
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Abstract
Pathologic disseminated intravascular coagulation (PDIC) is a serious complication in sepsis. In an in-vitro system consisting of incubation of fresh citrated blood with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or glucans and subsequent plasma recalcification plasmatic thrombin was quantified. Five hundred microliters of freshly drawn citrated blood of healthy donors were incubated with up to 800 ng/mL LPS ( Escherichia coli) or up to 80 μg/mL Zymosan A (ZyA; Candida albicans) for 30 minutes at room temperature (RT). The samples were centrifuged, and 30 μL plasma were recalcified with 1 volume or less of CaCl2 (25 μmoles Ca2+/mL plasma). After 0 to 12 minutes (37°C), 20 μL 2.5 M arginine, pH 8.6, were added. Thirty microliters 0.9 m M HD-CHG-Ala-Arg-pNA in 2.3 M arginine were added, and the absorbance increase at 405 nm was determined. Fifty microliters plasma were also incubated with 5 μL 250 m M CaCl2 for 5, 10, or 15 minutes (37°C). Fifty microliters 2.5 M arginine stops coagulation, and 50 μL 0.77 m M HD-CHG-Ala-Arg-pNA in 2.3 M arginine starts the thrombin detection. The standard was 1 IU/mL thrombin in 7% human albumin instead of plasma. Arginine was also added in the endotoxin exposure time (EET) or in the plasma coagulation reaction time (CRT). Tissue factor (TF)-antigen and soluble CD14 were determined. LPS at blood concentrations greater than 10 ng/mL or ZyA at greater than 1 μg/mL severalfold enhance thrombin generation, when the respective plasmas are recalcified. After 30 minutes EET at RT, the thrombin activity at 12 minutes CRT generated by the addition of 200 ng/mL LPS or 20 μg/mL ZyA is approximately 200 mIU/mL compared to approximately 20 mIU/mL without addition of endotoxin, or compared to about 7 mIU/mL thrombin at 0 minutes CRT. Arginine added to blood or to plasma inhibits thrombin generation; the inhibitory concentration 50% (IC 50) is approximately 15 m M plasma concentration. Endotoxin incubation of blood increases neither TF nor sCD14. This assay allows the study of the hemostasis alteration in PDIC, particularly in PDIC by sepsis. The thrombin generated by blood plus endotoxin incubation and plasma recalcification suggests that the contact phase of coagulation; e.g., triggered by cell components of (phospholipase-) lysed cells such as monocyte or endothelium DNA or phospholipid-vesicles (microparticles), is of primary pathologic importance in sepsis-PDIC. Arginine at plasma concentrations of 10 to 50 m M might be a new therapeutic for sepsis-PDIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Stief
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Giessen/Marburg, Germany.
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21
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Abstract
Although it has been reported that fluoride ingestion has no influence on various indices of hematopoiesis, some research has been published that excessive fluoride developed anemia and eosinophilia of leukocytes. Isparta is situated on the lake region of Turkey where fluorosis is endemic. Our aim was to explore the hematological effects in rats induced by fluoride. In this study, Wistar-Albino rats were used, divided into two groups as control and fluorized. While the control group was administered commercial water (including 0.07 ppm fluoride), the fluorized group was administered 100 ppm fluoride in commercial drinking water for four months. At the end of four months, hematological indices (Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, RDW, RBC, WBC, and platelet counts) were measured. In addition, bone marrow samples were investigated. Mean leukocyte counts (WBC) in the control group and fluorized group were 7.07 (2.62-12.25) and 2.76 (3.13-5.24)-/103/mm3, respectively. We observed displastic changes on granulocytes in the bone marrow samples of the fluorized group. Although there were significant statistical changes in WBC, we did not determine red blood cell and platelet changes in the fluorized group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Eren
- Department of Pediatrics, Suleyman Demirel University Medical School, Isparta, Turkey.
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22
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Reena K, Balashanmugam P, Gajendiran M, Antony SA. Synthesis of Leucas Aspera Extract Loaded Gold-PLA-PEG-PLA Amphiphilic Copolymer Nanoconjugates: In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity Studies. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:4762-4770. [PMID: 27483820 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are synthesized using the medicinal plant Leucas Aspera extract (LAE) and poly lactic acid-co-poly ethylene glycol-co-poly lactic acid (PLA-PEG-PLA) copolymer by water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion method. The proposed method of W/O emulsion technique involves synthesis of GNPs and loading of Leucas Aspera extract on to the PLA-PEG-PLA copolymer matrix simultaneously. The synthesized GNPs are characterized by Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The GNPs-LAE loaded polymer NPs are examined for the in vitro cytotoxicity on South African green monkey's kidney cells. The GNPs-LAE loaded polymer nanoconjugates exhibit maximum up to 95% of cell viability with 100 μg concentration of GNPs in the sample. The GNPs-LAE loaded polymer NPs exhibit better anti-inflammatory activity when compared to the pure LAE.
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23
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Jia R, Liu BL, Han C, Huang B, Lei JL. The physiological performance and immune response of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) to nitrite exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 181-182:40-6. [PMID: 26802553 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitrite (NO(2-)) is the most common toxic nitrogenous compound in aquatic environment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of nitrite physiological performance and immune response of turbot. Fish were exposed to 0, 0.02, 0.08, 0.4 and 0.8 mM nitrite for 96 h. After 0, 24, 48 and 96 h of exposure, blood were collected to measure the levels of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxalate transaminase (GOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), complement C3 (C3), complement C4 (C4), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and lysozyme (LYS); gill samples were taken to analyze mRNA levels of LYS, heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70), heat shock protein 90 (HSP 90), metallothionein (MT), toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). The results showed that nitrite (0.4 and/or 0.8mM) significantly increased the levels of GPT, GOT, ALP, C3 and C4, reduced the levels of IgM and LYS, up-regulated the gene expressions of HSP 70, HSP 90, MT, TLR-3, TNF-α and IL-1β, and down-regulated the gene expressions of LYS and IGF-1 after 48 and 96 h of exposure. Based on the results, it can be concluded that high level nitrite exposure results in dysfunction of the blood physiology and immunity in turbot. Further, this study will be helpful to understand the mechanism of aquatic toxicology induced by nitrite in marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jia
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bao-Liang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Cen Han
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ji-Lin Lei
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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24
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He Z, Shi Z, Sun W, Ma J, Xia J, Zhang X, Chen W, Huang J. Hemocompatibility of folic-acid-conjugated amphiphilic PEG-PLGA copolymer nanoparticles for co-delivery of cisplatin and paclitaxel: treatment effects for non-small-cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7809-21. [PMID: 26695149 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4634-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used folic-acid-modified poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (FA-PEG-PLGA) to encapsulate cisplatin and paclitaxel (separately or together), and evaluated their antitumor effects against lung cancer; this study was conducted in order to investigate the antitumor effects of the co-delivery of cisplatin and paclitaxel by a targeted drug delivery system. Blood compatibility assays and complement activation tests revealed that FA-PEG-PLGA nanoparticles did not induce blood hemolysis, blood clotting, or complement activation. The results also indicated that FA-PEG-PLGA nanoparticles had no biotoxic effects, the drug delivery system allowed controlled release of the cargo molecules, and the co-delivery of cisplatin and paclitaxel efficiently induces cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle retardation. In addition, co-delivery of cisplatin and paclitaxel showed the ability to suppress xenograft lung cancer growth and prolong the survival time of xenografted mice. These results implied that FA-PEG-PLGA nanoparticles can function as effective carriers of cisplatin and paclitaxel, and that co-delivery of cisplatin and paclitaxel by FA-PEG-PLGA nanoparticles results in more effective antitumor effects than the combination of free-drugs or single-drug-loaded nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelai He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zengfang Shi
- Henan Polytechnic Institute, No 666, Kongming North Road, Nanyang Henan, 473000, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Junyong Xia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Wenjun Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Jingwen Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
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25
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Enkhbaatar P, Nelson C, Salsbury JR, Carmical JR, Torres KEO, Herndon D, Prough DS, Luan L, Sherwood ER. Comparison of Gene Expression by Sheep and Human Blood Stimulated with the TLR4 Agonists Lipopolysaccharide and Monophosphoryl Lipid A. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144345. [PMID: 26640957 PMCID: PMC4671644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal models that mimic human biology are important for successful translation of basic science discoveries into the clinical practice. Recent studies in rodents have demonstrated the efficacy of TLR4 agonists as immunomodulators in models of infection. However, rodent models have been criticized for not mimicking important characteristics of the human immune response to microbial products. The goal of this study was to compare genomic responses of human and sheep blood to the TLR4 agonists lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA). METHODS Venous blood, withdrawn from six healthy human adult volunteers (~ 28 years old) and six healthy adult female sheep (~3 years old), was mixed with 30 μL of PBS, LPS (1μg/mL) or MPLA (10μg/mL) and incubated at room temperature for 90 minutes on a rolling rocker. After incubation, 2.5 mL of blood was transferred to Paxgene Blood RNA tubes. Gene expression analysis was performed using an Agilent Bioanalyzer with the RNA6000 Nano Lab Chip. Agilent gene expression microarrays were scanned with a G2565 Microarray Scanner. Differentially expressed genes were identified. RESULTS 11,431 human and 4,992 sheep probes were detected above background. Among them 1,029 human and 175 sheep genes were differentially expressed at a stringency of 1.5-fold change (p<0.05). Of the 175 sheep genes, 54 had a known human orthologue. Among those genes, 22 had > 1.5-fold changes in human samples. Genes of major inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8, TNF alpha, NF-kappaB, ETS2, PTGS2, PTX3, CXCL16, KYNU, and CLEC4E were similarly (>2-fold) upregulated by LPS and MPLA in both species. CONCLUSION The genomic responses of peripheral blood to LPS and MPLA in sheep are quite similar to those observed in humans, supporting the use of the ovine model for translational studies that mimic human inflammatory diseases and the study of TLR-based immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perenlei Enkhbaatar
- Department of Anesthesiology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Christina Nelson
- Department of Anesthesiology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - John R. Salsbury
- Department of Anesthesiology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Joseph R. Carmical
- Molecular Virology and Microbiology Core, Alkek Center for Metagenomics & Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | | | - David Herndon
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Donald S. Prough
- Department of Anesthesiology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Liming Luan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Edward R. Sherwood
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
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26
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Klöting N, Hesselbarth N, Gericke M, Kunath A, Biemann R, Chakaroun R, Kosacka J, Kovacs P, Kern M, Stumvoll M, Fischer B, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Feltens R, Otto W, Wissenbach DK, von Bergen M, Blüher M. Di-(2-Ethylhexyl)-Phthalate (DEHP) Causes Impaired Adipocyte Function and Alters Serum Metabolites. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143190. [PMID: 26630026 PMCID: PMC4668085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP), an ubiquitous environmental contaminant, has been shown to cause adverse effects on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in epidemiological studies, but the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. We therefore tested the hypothesis that chronic DEHP exposure causes impaired insulin sensitivity, affects body weight, adipose tissue (AT) function and circulating metabolic parameters of obesity resistant 129S6 mice in vivo. An obesity-resistant mouse model was chosen to reduce a potential obesity bias of DEHP effects on metabolic parameters and AT function. The metabolic effects of 10-weeks exposure to DEHP were tested by insulin tolerance tests and quantitative assessment of 183 metabolites in mice. Furthermore, 3T3-L1 cells were cultured with DEHP for two days, differentiated into mature adipocytes in which the effects on insulin stimulated glucose and palmitate uptake, lipid content as well as on mRNA/protein expression of key adipocyte genes were investigated. We observed in female mice that DEHP treatment causes enhanced weight gain, fat mass, impaired insulin tolerance, changes in circulating adiponectin and adipose tissue Pparg, adiponectin and estrogen expression. Serum metabolomics indicated a general increase in phospholipid and carnitine concentrations. In vitro, DEHP treatment increases the proliferation rate and alters glucose uptake in adipocytes. Taken together, DEHP has significant effects on adipose tissue (AT) function and alters specific serum metabolites. Although, DEHP treatment led to significantly impaired insulin tolerance, it did not affect glucose tolerance, HOMA-IR, fasting glucose, insulin or triglyceride serum concentrations. This may suggest that DEHP treatment does not cause impaired glucose metabolism at the whole body level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Klöting
- IFB AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Martin Gericke
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Kunath
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ronald Biemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rima Chakaroun
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joanna Kosacka
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- IFB AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Kern
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- IFB AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernd Fischer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Metabolomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralph Feltens
- Department of Metabolomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department of Metabolomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk K. Wissenbach
- Department of Metabolomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Metabolomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Matthias Blüher
- IFB AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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27
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Sobczynski DJ, Fish MB, Fromen CA, Carasco-Teja M, Coleman RM, Eniola-Adefeso O. Drug carrier interaction with blood: a critical aspect for high-efficient vascular-targeted drug delivery systems. Ther Deliv 2015; 6:915-34. [PMID: 26272334 PMCID: PMC4618056 DOI: 10.4155/tde.15.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular wall endothelial cells control several physiological processes and are implicated in many diseases, making them an attractive candidate for drug targeting. Vascular-targeted drug carriers (VTCs) offer potential for reduced side effects and improved therapeutic efficacy, however, only limited therapeutic success has been achieved to date. This is perhaps due to complex interactions of VTCs with blood components, which dictate VTC transport and adhesion to endothelial cells. This review focuses on VTC interaction with blood as well as novel 'bio-inspired' designs to mimic and exploit features of blood in VTC development. Advanced approaches for enhancing VTCs are discussed along with applications in regenerative medicine, an area of massive potential growth and expansion of VTC utility in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Sobczynski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA 48109
| | - Margaret B Fish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA 48109
| | - Catherine A Fromen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA 48109
| | - Mariana Carasco-Teja
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA 48109
| | - Rhima M Coleman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Omolola Eniola-Adefeso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA 48109
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
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28
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Bowyer JF, Tranter KM, Hanig JP, Crabtree NM, Schleimer RP, George NI. Evaluating the Stability of RNA-Seq Transcriptome Profiles and Drug-Induced Immune-Related Expression Changes in Whole Blood. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133315. [PMID: 26177368 PMCID: PMC4503719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods were developed to evaluate the stability of rat whole blood expression obtained from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and assess changes in whole blood transcriptome profiles in experiments replicated over time. Expression was measured in globin-depleted RNA extracted from the whole blood of Sprague-Dawley rats, given either saline (control) or neurotoxic doses of amphetamine (AMPH). The experiment was repeated four times (paired control and AMPH groups) over a 2-year span. The transcriptome of the control and AMPH-treated groups was evaluated on: 1) transcript levels for ribosomal protein subunits; 2) relative expression of immune-related genes; 3) stability of the control transcriptome over 2 years; and 4) stability of the effects of AMPH on immune-related genes over 2 years. All, except one, of the 70 genes that encode the 80s ribosome had levels that ranked in the top 5% of all mean expression levels. Deviations in sequencing performance led to significant changes in the ribosomal transcripts. The overall expression profile of immune-related genes and genes specific to monocytes, T-cells or B-cells were well represented and consistent within treatment groups. There were no differences between the levels of ribosomal transcripts in time-matched control and AMPH groups but significant differences in the expression of immune-related genes between control and AMPH groups. AMPH significantly increased expression of some genes related to monocytes but down-regulated those specific to T-cells. These changes were partially due to changes in the two types of leukocytes present in blood, which indicate an activation of the innate immune system by AMPH. Thus, the stability of RNA-seq whole blood transcriptome can be verified by assessing ribosomal protein subunits and immune-related gene expression. Such stability enables the pooling of samples from replicate experiments to carry out differential expression analysis with acceptable power.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F. Bowyer
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Karen M. Tranter
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Joseph P. Hanig
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel M. Crabtree
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Robert P. Schleimer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Nysia I. George
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
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29
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Maksymiv IV, Husak VV, Mosiichuk NM, Matviishyn TM, Sluchyk IY, Storey JM, Storey KB, Lushchak VI. Hepatotoxicity of herbicide Sencor in goldfish may result from induction of mild oxidative stress. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2015; 122:67-75. [PMID: 26071809 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of 96 h exposure to 7.14, 35.7, or 71.4 mg L(-1) of Sencor were studied on liver and plasma parameters in goldfish, Carassius auratus L. Goldfish exposure to 71.4 mg L(-1) of Sencor for 96 h resulted in a decrease in glucose concentrations in plasma and liver by 55%, but did not affect liver glycogen levels. An increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase (by 24-27%, 32-72%, and 87-102%, respectively) occurred in plasma of Sencor exposed goldfish, whereas in liver activities of these enzymes decreased (by 15-17%, 19%, and 20%, respectively). Lactate concentration in plasma increased by 22-36% in all treated fish groups, whereas in liver it increased by 64% only after exposure to 35.7 mg L(-1) of Sencor. Herbicide exposure enhanced lipid peroxide levels by 49-75% and decreased activities of catalase by 46%, glutathione reductase by 25-48% and glutathione peroxidase by 21-26% suggesting development of oxidative stress in liver. The treatment induced various histological changes in goldfish liver, such as dilated sinusoids, hypertrophy and dystrophy of hepatic cells and detachment of endothelial cytoplasm with diffuse hemorrhage. The data collectively let us propose that mild oxidative stress might be responsible for the hepatotoxicity of Sencor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Maksymiv
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Precarpathian National University named after Vasyl Stefanyk, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76025, Ukraine
| | - Viktor V Husak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Precarpathian National University named after Vasyl Stefanyk, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76025, Ukraine
| | - Nadia M Mosiichuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Precarpathian National University named after Vasyl Stefanyk, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76025, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana M Matviishyn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Precarpathian National University named after Vasyl Stefanyk, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76025, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Y Sluchyk
- Department of Human and Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Precarpathian National University named after Vasyl Stefanyk, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76025, Ukraine
| | - Janet M Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Volodymyr I Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Precarpathian National University named after Vasyl Stefanyk, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76025, Ukraine.
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30
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Novikov VV, Yablokova EN, Fesenko EE. [Action of Combined Magnetic Fields with a Very Weak Low-frequency Alternating Component on Luminol-dependent Chemiluminescence in Mammalian Blood]. Biofizika 2015; 60:530-533. [PMID: 26349217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It is shown that the exposure of heparinized venous human blood diluted in phosphate buffer saline to extremely weak alternating magnetic fields of the ultralow-frequency (1 Hz, 600 nT; 4.4 Hz, 100 nT; 16.5 Hz, 160 nT) in combination with a collinear static magnetic field of 42 microT at physiological temperatures, causes a sharp 3-4 fold increase in its chemiluminescence after addition of luminol.
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31
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Cazenave JP, Mulvihill J. Interactions of blood with surfaces: hemocompatibility and thromboresistance of biomaterials. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 62:118-27. [PMID: 3282792 DOI: 10.1159/000415482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J P Cazenave
- INSERM U.311, Centre Régional de Transfusion Sanguine, Strasbourg, France
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Horowitz B. Investigations into the application of tri(n-butyl)phosphate/detergent mixtures to blood derivatives. Curr Stud Hematol Blood Transfus 2015:83-96. [PMID: 2642786 DOI: 10.1159/000416559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Mehta JV, Gajera SB, Patel MN. Antimalarial, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, DNA interaction and SOD like activities of tetrahedral copper(II) complexes. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 136 Pt C:1881-1892. [PMID: 25467683 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The mononuclear copper(II) complexes with P, O-donor ligand and different fluoroquinolones have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, electronic spectra, TGA, EPR, FT-IR and LC-MS spectroscopy. An antimicrobial efficiency of the complexes has been tested against five different microorganisms in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and displays very good antimicrobial activity. The binding strength and binding mode of the complexes with Herring Sperm DNA (HS DNA) have been investigated by absorption titration and viscosity measurement studies. The studies suggest the classical intercalative mode of DNA binding. Gel electrophoresis assay determines the ability of the complexes to cleave the supercoiled form of pUC19 DNA. Synthesized complexes have been tested for their SOD mimic activity using nonenzymatic NBT/NADH/PMS system and found to have good antioxidant activity. All the complexes show good cytotoxic and in vitro antimalarial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jugal V Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, Gujarat, India
| | - Sanjay B Gajera
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohan N Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, Gujarat, India.
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Biswas N, Guha A, Sahoo RK, Kuotsu K. Pulse release of doxazosin from hydroxyethylcellulose compression coated tablet: mechanistic and in vivo study. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 72:537-43. [PMID: 25179280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronotherapeutically programmed hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) based compression coated doxazosin tablets were prepared and the influence of disintegrants croscarmellose sodium, L-hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC), gellan gum on drug release and in vivo performance were investigated. Infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetric studies did not indicate any excipient incompatibility in the tablets. The disintegrants induced a continuous water influx resulting in a rapid expansion of the membrane. The subsequent formation of fractures into the coats leads to a fast drug release after an initial lag time. Release rates indicated that croscarmellose sodium and L-HPC were directly proportional to their concentration in the formulations. In vitro optimized croscarmellose sodium-HEC matrix showed significantly faster (p < 0.05) drug release (t90% = 46 min) after an initial lag of 243 min. Disintegrant-HEC blended matrices were found significantly superior (p < 0.05) in terms of in vitro release and bioavailability in comparison to plain HEC matrices. Drug release kinetics followed modified power law and Weibull model (r > 0.99). The mechanism involved in release was anomalous transport and super case II transport with matrix swelling. The pulsatile tablets showed no changes either in physicochemical appearance, drug content or in dissolution pattern during its accelerated stability studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arijit Guha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ranjan Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ketousetuo Kuotsu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Buzulukov IP, Arianova EA, Demin VF, Safenkova IV, Gmoshinskiĭ IV, Tutel'ian VA. [Bioaccumulation of silver and gold nanoparticles in organs and tissues of rats by neutron activation analysis]. Izv Akad Nauk Ser Biol 2014:286-295. [PMID: 25731040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccumulation of silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) with mean sizes of 6 nm and 35 nm, respectively, has been studied after their intragastric administration to rats at a dose of 100 μg/kg of body weight for 28 or 14 days. The organs and tissues (liver, kidney, spleen, heart, gonads brain, and blood) were subjected to thermal neutron activation, and, then, the activity of the 110mAg and 198Au isotopes generated was measured. The NPs of both metals were detected in all biological samples studied, the highest specific weight and content of Ag NP being found in the liver, and those of Au being found in kidneys of animals. The content of Ag NPs detected in the brain was 66.4 ± 5.6 ng (36 ng/g tissue), no more than 7% ofthese NPs being localized in the lumen of brain blood vessels. The content of Ag and Au NPs found in organs and tissues of rats could be regarded as nonhazardous (nontoxic) in accordance with the known literature data.
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Martusevich AK, Martusevich AA, Solov'eva AG, Peretyagin SP. [Studying the influence of some reactive oxygen species on physical and chemical parameters of blood]. Biofizika 2014; 59:369-372. [PMID: 25702489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to estimate the dynamics of blood physical and chemical parameters when blood specimens were processed by singlet oxygen in vitro. Our experiments were executed with whole blood specimens of healthy people (n=10). Each specimen was divided into five separate portions of 5 ml. The first portion was a control (without any exposures). The second one was processed by an oxygen-ozone mixture (at ozone concentration of 500 mcg/l, the third portion--by oxygen, and the fourth and fifth ones were processed by a gas mixture with singlet oxygen (50 and 100% of generator power). In blood samples after processing we studied the activity of lactate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase, erythrocyte and plasma levels of glucose and lactate, acid-base balance and the partial pressure of gases in blood. It was found out, that blood processing by singlet oxygen leads to optimization of energy, detoxication and antioxidant enzymes functioning with changes in plasma and erythrocyte level of glucose and lactate, normalization of blood gases level and acid-base balance. Our results show, that the effect of singlet oxygen on enzyme activity is more pronounced than exposure to an oxygen-ozone gas mixture.
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Lăcătuşu D, Baican M, Crivoi F. Effects of perfluorocarbon emulsion in rheology. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2014; 118:232-238. [PMID: 24741806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study effects of a perfluorocarbon emulsion on plasma and whole human blood viscosity in the presence of albumin or modified fluid gelatin. MATERIAL AND METHODS We investigated the effects of several PFC concentrations on plasma and whole blood viscosity in the presence of human albumin solution (HAS) or modified fluid gelatine (MFG; Gelofusine) to obtain three PFC emulsion concentrations (4, 8 and 15 g/dL). Three hematocrit levels (Hct) were investigated: 30, 20 and 13%, corresponding to different clinical situations. Plasma and whole blood viscosity was measured at 37 degrees C, using a Couette viscometer for shear rates ranging from 0.2 to128 s(-1). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION All PFC concentrations increased plasma and whole blood viscosity for the same Hct. Viscosity values similar to physiological ones were observed at Hct 13%, with MFG - PFC 4, 8 g/dL and HAS - PFC 15 g/dL; at Hct 20%, with MFG - PFC 4g/dL and HAS - PFC 15 g/dL; at Hct 30%, and HAS - PFC 4, 8 g/dL. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that this PFC emulsion increases plasma and blood viscosity and that among the three studied volume expanders, the interaction with MFG can result in viscosity values above the physiological one even at low Hct values. Our results suggest that such increased blood viscosity could decrease skeletal muscle oxygen pressure.
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Hawkes WC, Richter D, Alkan Z. Dietary selenium supplementation and whole blood gene expression in healthy North American men. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 155:201-8. [PMID: 23955482 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a trace nutrient required in microgram amounts, with a recommended dietary allowance of 55 μg/day in humans. The nutritional functions of Se are performed by a group of 25 selenoproteins containing the unusual amino acid selenocysteine at their active sites. The selenoproteins with known activities are oxidation-reduction enzymes with roles in antioxidant protection, redox homeostasis and signaling, and thyroid hormone metabolism. Both deficiencies and excesses of Se are associated with impaired innate and adaptive immune responses. We supplemented 16 healthy men for 1 year with 300 μg Se/day as high-Se yeast or placebo yeast and measured whole blood gene expression with DNA microarrays before and after supplementation. Protein phosphorylation was the main biological process in common among the Se-responsive genes, which included a prominent cluster of protein kinases, suggesting that protein phosphorylation in leukocytes is sensitive to Se supplementation. We found highly ranked clusters of genes associated with RNA processing and protein transport, suggesting that dietary Se may regulate protein expression in leukocytes at both the posttranscriptional and posttranslational levels. The main functional pathway affected by Se supplementation was FAS apoptosis signaling, and expression of genes associated with T cell and natural killer cell cytotoxicity was increased. At the same time, the numbers of circulating natural killer and T cells expressing activation markers decreased. These changes are consistent with an anti-inflammatory effect of Se supplementation exerted through regulation of protein phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Chris Hawkes
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California Davis, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA,
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Bláhová L, Adamovský O, Kubala L, Švihálková Šindlerová L, Zounková R, Bláha L. The isolation and characterization of lipopolysaccharides from Microcystis aeruginosa, a prominent toxic water bloom forming cyanobacteria. Toxicon 2013; 76:187-96. [PMID: 24140921 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Massive toxic blooms of cyanobacteria represent a major threat to water supplies worldwide, yet serious gaps exist in understanding their complex toxic effects, including the role of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The present comparative study focused on the levels and biological activities of LPS isolated from Microcystis aeruginosa, which is one of the most globally distributed toxic species. Using hot phenol extraction, LPS was isolated from 3 laboratory cultures and 11 natural water blooms. It formed 0.2-0.7% of the original dry biomass of the cyanobacteria, based on gravimetry. Additional analyses by commercial anti-LPS ELISA were correlated with gravimetry but showed concentrations that were about 7-times lower, which indicated either impurities in isolated LPS or the poor cross-reactivity of the antibodies used. LPS isolates from M. aeruginosa were potent pyrogens in the traditional Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL)-test, but comparison with the PyroGene test demonstrated the limited selectivity of LAL with several interferences. The determined pyrogenicity (endotoxin units, EU) ranged from very low values in laboratory cultures (less than 0.003 up to 0.008-EU per 100 pg LPS) to higher values in complex bloom samples (0.01-0.078 EU per 100 pg of LPS), which suggested the role of bloom-associated bacteria in the overall effects. Potent pro-inflammatory effects of the studied LPS from both cultures and bloom samples were observed in a highly-relevant ex vivo human blood model by studying reactive oxygen species production in phagocytes as well as increased productions of interleukin 8, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor α, TNF-α. LPS from M. aeruginosa seem to modulate several pathways involved in the regulation of both innate immunity and specific responses. In comparison to the standard pathogenic bacterial LPS (World Health Organization Escherichia coli O113:10 endotoxin; activity 1 EU per 100 pg), the studied cyanobacterial samples had pyrogenicity potencies that were at least 12-times lower. However, the health risks associated with LPS from M. aeruginosa should not be underestimated, especially with respect to diverse biological effects observed ex vivo and in the case of massive blooms in drinking water reservoirs, where the estimated pyrogenicity can reach up to 46,000 EU per mL of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Bláhová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, Building A29, CZ62500 Brno, Czech Republic
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Qi H, Liu X, Wang K, Liu D, Huang L, Liu S, Zhang Q. Subchronic toxicity study of ulvan from Ulva pertusa (Chlorophyta) in Wistar rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:573-8. [PMID: 24084035 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ulvan extracted from Ulva pertusa (Chlorophyta) is a group of sulfated heteropolysaccharide, for simplicity, the sulfated polysaccharide is referred to as ulvan in this paper. To our knowledge, there is no detailed report investigating the toxicity of ulvan. In this study, the subchronic (6 months) toxicity of varying levels of ulvan extracted from U. pertusa was investigated in Wistar rats after oral administration. ALT, ALB, ALP, WBC, PLT, and liver relative organ weigh of female rats showed significantly difference at 3000 mg/kg body weight per day, compared with control group. On the other hand, TG, T-CHO concentrations of female rats (6 months) were significantly decreased at 600, 1200 and 3000 mg/kg body weight per day. This result proved that ulvan had antihyperlipidemic activity. Beside, ulvan showed anticoagulant activity in this study. Overall, our findings indicated that ulvan had affected specific hematology, serum biochemistry parameters and liver, and had great differences between males and females rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Qi
- Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong Road, Weifang 261053, PR China; Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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Martusevich AK, Peretiagin SP, Solov'eva AG, Vanin AF. [Estimation of some molecular effects of gaseous nitrogen oxide on human blood in vitro]. Biofizika 2013; 58:871-875. [PMID: 25481955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is complex estimation of the nitric oxide action on whole blood of healthy people. We tested the reaction of whole human blood (n=14) to the processing of it with cold NO-containing plasma. We performed direct sparging of blood samples by gaseous flow with NO in a special plant. Cold NO-containing plasma was generated by apparatus "Plazon" (Russia). We tested lactate dehydrogenase activity in direct and reverse reactions, aldehyde dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase activity, total protein and lactate level, acid-base balance and the partial pressure of gases in blood. For integral assessment of energy metabolism changes a number of derivative parameters (coefficients of energy reaction balance and substrate provision) were used. Our experiments showed, that the processing of whole human blood with NO-containing gas flow (NO concentration--800 ppm) results in significant changes of its physical and chemical parameters. This exposure leads to inhibition of erythrocytes energy metabolism, decreasing plasma antioxidant reserves, developing moderate ionic disorders and acid-base disbalance in blood samples in vitro.
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Lorin-Nebel C, Felten V, Blondeau-Bidet E, Grousset E, Amilhat E, Simon G, Biagianti S, Charmantier G. Individual and combined effects of copper and parasitism on osmoregulation in the European eel Anguilla anguilla. Aquat Toxicol 2013; 130-131:41-50. [PMID: 23340332 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The European eel (Anguilla anguilla), a catadromous species, breeds in the sea and migrates to estuarine, lagoon or freshwater habitats for growth and development. Yellow eels, exposed to low or fluctuating salinities, are also exposed to multiple other stressors as pollution, over-fishing and parasitism, which contribute to the dramatic decrease of eel populations in several European countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the single and combined effects of waterborne copper and experimental infestation of eels with the nematode Anguillicoloides crassus after a salinity challenge from nearly isotonic (18ppt) to hypo- (5ppt) and hypertonic (29ppt) conditions, in order to investigate the osmoregulatory capacity of eels exposed to these stressors. In a nearly isotonic condition (18ppt), blood osmolality remained constant over the 6 weeks contamination to Cu(2+) and Anguillicoloides crassus. In fish exposed to a salinity challenge of 29ppt for 2 weeks, no significant effect was recorded in blood osmolality, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NKA) activity, Na(+) and Cl(-) concentrations. After 2 weeks at 5ppt however, a significant blood osmolality decrease was detected in fish exposed to Anguillicoloides crassus infestation with or without Cu(2+) addition. This decrease may originate from lower Cl(-) levels measured in eels exposed to both stressors. Blood Na(+) levels remained relatively stable in all tested animals, but gill NKA activities were lower in eels exposed to combined stress. No apparent branchial lesions were detected following the different treatments and immunolocalization of NKA revealed well-differentiated ionocytes. Thus, the 5ppt challenge in eels exposed to copper and Anguillicoloides crassus seems to clearly enhance iono/osmoregulatory disturbances. Funded by ANR CES/CIEL 2008-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lorin-Nebel
- Equipe Adaptation Ecophysiologique et Ontogenèse, UMR 5119 EcoSym (UM2, UM1, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER), Montpellier, France.
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Elsharkawy EE, Yahia D, El-Nisr NA. Sub-chronic exposure to chlorpyrifos induces hematological, metabolic disorders and oxidative stress in rat: attenuation by glutathione. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 35:218-227. [PMID: 23333651 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The current work aimed to investigate the different toxic effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF) in subchronic exposure. Two groups of Sprague-Dawley male rats were exposed to CPF alone in a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight, or CPF dose as previous plus glutathione (GSH) in a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, for 90 days, twice weekly, orally. Another two groups of rat were given corn oil (control) or GSH. There is a significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration, haematocrit percentage, thrombocytic indices, total protein and albumin levels in CPF-exposed group. CPF induced hyperglycemia and significant increase in total cholesterol, but a significant decrease in triglyceride levels was obtained. A significant increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation was obtained while a significant decrease of the total antioxidant was recorded. The decrease in glycogen content and some histopathological changes were observed in liver after CPF exposure. Furthermore, co-administration of GSH can restore some of these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman E Elsharkawy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assuit University, Egypt.
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Daley T, Omoregie SN, Wright V, Omoruyi FO. Effects of phytic acid and exercise on some serum analytes in rats orally exposed to diets supplemented with cadmium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 151:400-5. [PMID: 23238613 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9572-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is an environmental pollutant of increasing worldwide concern. It has been reported to be high in the soil where food crops are grown in some parishes of Jamaica. Surprisingly, no adverse effect of cadmium has been reported among the Jamaican population. However, phytic acid has also been shown to be high in some food crops grown in Jamaica. In this study, we evaluated the effects of phytic acid (1 %) and exercise on the metabolism of cadmium (5 mg cadmium/kg body weight) in rats. Five groups of rats were fed as follows: rats fed control diet, control diet supplemented with cadmium and subjected to exercise, control diet supplemented with phytic acid plus cadmium and subjected to exercise, control diet supplemented with cadmium plus phytic acid, and control diet supplemented with cadmium only. The animals were fed for 4 weeks and then sacrificed. Blood samples were collected for some biochemical assays. Percentage weight loss (28.42 %) was greatest in the group that had cadmium supplement only. The group fed control diet supplemented with cadmium only displayed increased liver enzymes and electrolytes except for the significant decrease in bicarbonate compared to other test groups. Similarly, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid were increased in the group fed cadmium supplement only compared to other test groups. Total cholesterol trended downwards in the test groups compared to control. These observations suggest that consumption of diet high in phytic acid with relatively high physical activity may be protective against the adverse effects of cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasha Daley
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Northern Caribbean University, Mandeville, Jamaica
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Romito L, Svetanoff E, Palenik CJ. Blood contamination of used dental anesthetic cartridges. Gen Dent 2013; 61:32-37. [PMID: 23454319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to determine the levels of blood contamination found in and/or on used dental anesthetic cartridges and to measure antibacterial effects after exposure to a local anesthetic solution. The study analyzed a total of 1000 used cartridges from an oral surgery clinic, containing 1 of 3 anesthetic types. Blood testing included visual observations (using a dissecting microscope) and chemical analyses. From each cartridge, either 0.5 ml of residual anesthetic solution or a combination of anesthetic solution plus added saline was removed. Using reagent strip dipsticks, the solutions were analyzed for minute amounts of blood. Visual examinations were scored on a positive or negative scale. In addition, 4 types of bacteria were mixed with lidocaine or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for up to 30 days, and viable cell counts decreases were measured for the 2 solutions. A majority of the cartridges evaluated contained lidocaine, and while only 7 of the 1000 cartridges examined contained visible blood, the reagent strips detected blood in more than 76% of all cartridges. Lidocaine and PBS produced similar bacterial death rates. The authors concluded that blood contamination levels in the absence of pronounced antibacterial activity indicate that dental anesthetic cartridges could be considered a potential type of regulated medical waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Romito
- Department of Oral Biology, Indiana University of Dentistry, Indianapolis, USA
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Matsche MA, Markin E, Donaldson E, Hengst A, Lazur A. Effect of chloride on nitrite-induced methaemoglobinemia in Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus (Mitchill). J Fish Dis 2012; 35:873-885. [PMID: 22973973 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2012.01418.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of chloride concentration on the clinical pathology in juvenile Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus (Mitchill), following semi-static exposures to 1 mg L(-1) nitrite for 96 h. In spring water naturally low in chloride (5 mg L(-1)), plasma nitrite concentrated to more than 40× environmental levels resulting in a severe methaemoglobinemia characterized by torpid behaviour, 30-fold increase in methaemoglobin fraction, anaemia, leucopenia and hyperkalaemia. Loss of intracellular water and potassium to extracellular space may have resulted in hyperkalaemia and haemodilution. Fish survived nitrite exposure, but 60% of torpid fish died following capture and tissue sampling. Fish acclimated to 10-fold higher chloride content (55 mg L(-1)) did not concentrate nitrite in the plasma above environmental levels or develop methaemoglobinemia, but did exhibit similar haematology and plasma chemistry changes. Plasma nitrite returned to preexposure levels by 14 days following nitrite exposures, but severity of clinical pathology changes persisted or increased, suggesting that Atlantic sturgeon have reduced capacity to recover from methaemoglobinemia. Fish that survive methaemoglobinemia may be susceptible to mortality from the cumulative effects of intoxication, handling and other stresses for two or more weeks following nitrite remediation. Chloride buffering in aquaculture systems reduces the toxic effects of nitrite accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Matsche
- Cooperative Oxford Laboratory, Oxford, MD, USA.
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Bragg SA, Armstrong KC, Xue ZL. Pretreatment of whole blood using hydrogen peroxide and UV irradiation. Design of the advanced oxidation process. Talanta 2012; 97:118-23. [PMID: 22841055 PMCID: PMC3568745 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A new process to pretreat blood samples has been developed. This process combines the Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) treatment (using H(2)O(2) and UV irradiation) with acid deactivation of the enzyme catalase in blood. A four-cell reactor has been designed and built in house. The effect of pH on the AOP process has been investigated. The kinetics of the pretreatment process shows that at high C(H(2)O(2),t=0), the reaction is zeroth order with respect to C(H(2)O(2)) and first order with respect to C(blood). The rate limiting process is photon flux from the UV lamp. Degradation of whole blood has been compared with that of pure hemoglobin samples. The AOP pretreatment of the blood samples has led to the subsequent determination of chromium and zinc concentrations in the samples using electrochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A. Bragg
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | | | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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Chen TH, Tseng WL. (Lysozyme type VI)-stabilized Au8 clusters: synthesis mechanism and application for sensing of glutathione in a single drop of blood. Small 2012; 8:1912-1919. [PMID: 22461355 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201102741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a one-pot approach for preparing highly fluorescent Au(8) clusters by reacting the Au(3+) precursor solution with lysozyme type VI (Lys VI) at pH 3. The fluorescence band of (Lys VI)-stabilized Au(8) clusters is centered at 455 nm on the excitation at 380 nm. Blue-emitting Au(8) clusters have a high quantum yield (∼56%), two fluorescence lifetimes, and a rare amount of Au(+) on the surface of the Au core. When the pH of a solution of Au(8) clusters increases suddenly to 12, the Au(8) clusters gradually convert to Au(25) clusters over time. This conversion is also observed in the case of (Lys VI)-directed synthesis of Au(25) clusters at pH 12. The pH-induced conversion of Au(8) to Au(25) clusters suggests that the size of (Lys VI)-stabilized gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) relies on the secondary structure of Lys VI, which is susceptible to pH change. Based on these results and previous literature, this paper proposes the possible mechanism for growing (Lys VI)-stabilized Au(8) and Au(25) clusters. Additionally, (Lys VI)-stabilized Au(8) clusters could sense glutathione (GSH) through GSH-induced core-etching of Au(8) clusters; the limit of detection at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 for GSH is determined to be 20 nm. Except for cysteine, the selectivity of (Lys VI)-stabilized Au(8) clusters for GSH over amino acids is remarkably high. The practicality of using Au(8) clusters to determine the concentration of GSH in a single drop of blood is also validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Heng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Brummel-Ziedins KE, Whelihan MF, Rivard GE, Butenas S. Activated protein C inhibitor for correction of thrombin generation in hemophilia A blood and plasma1. J Thromb Haemost 2011; 9:2262-7. [PMID: 21920012 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Replacement therapy for hemophilic patient treatment is costly, because of the high price of pharmacologic products, and is not affordable for the majority of patients in developing countries. OBJECTIVE To generate and evaluate low molecular weight agents that could be useful for hemophilia treatment. METHODS Potential agents were generated by synthesizing specific inhibitors [6-(Lys-Lys-Thr-[homo]Arg)amino-2-(Lys[carbobenzoxy]-Lys[carbobenzoxy]-O-benzyl)naphthalenesulfonamide] (PNASN-1)] for activated protein C (APC) and tested in plasma and fresh blood from hemophilia A patients. RESULTS In the activated partial thromboplastin time-based APC resistance assay, PNASN-1 partially neutralized the effect of APC. In calibrated automated thrombography, PNASN-1 neutralized the effect of APC on thrombin generation in normal and congenital factor VIII-deficient plasma (FVIII:C < 1%). The addition of PNASN-1 to tissue factor-triggered (5 pm) contact pathway-inhibited fresh blood from 15 hemophilia A patients with various degrees of FVIII deficiency (FVIII:C < 1-51%) increased the maximum level of thrombin generated from 78 to 162 nm, which approached that observed in blood from a healthy individual (201 nm). PNASN-1 also caused a 47% increase in clot weight in hemophilia A blood. CONCLUSIONS Specific APC inhibitors compensate to a significant extent for FVIII deficiency, and could be used for hemophilia treatment.
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Zhao T, Li Y, Gao Y, Xiang Y, Chen H, Zhang T. Hemocompatibility investigation of the NiTi alloy implanted with tantalum. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2011; 22:2311-2318. [PMID: 21833606 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4406-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A composite TiO(2)/Ta(2)O(5) nano-film has been formed on the NiTi shape memory alloy by Ta implantation. The wettability, protein adsorption, platelets adhesion and hemolysis tests are conducted to evaluate the hemocompatibility. The contact angle measurements showed that the surface of the NiTi alloy kept hydrophilic before and after Ta implantation, although the water contact angle increased with the increasing of implantation current. Both of the surface energy and the interfacial tension decreased after Ta implantation. The protein adsorption behavior was investigated by (125)I isotope labeling. The fibrinogen adsorption was enhanced by a high surface roughness or a large interfacial tension, while the albumin adsorption was insensitive to the surface modification. Platelet adhesion and activation were weakened and the hemolysis rate was reduced at least 46% after Ta implantation due to the decreased surface energy and improved corrosion resistance ability, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, #37, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
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