1
|
Thompson BA, Dear K, Donaldson E, Nixon R, Winship IM. A novel candidate gene in autosomal dominant facial pruritus. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 47:184-186. [PMID: 34386996 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Pruritus is a common and often debilitating symptom that is associated with dermatological conditions including eczema, allergic contact dermatitis, urticaria, some drug eruptions and less commonly systemic diseases and neuropathic causes1 . We report here an unusual familial centrofacial pruritus without any history or clinical findings of a rash, affecting three siblings and their father. The index patient (ll-1; Figure 1a) was a 62-year-old female with a 20-year history of severe localised pruritus of the nose. Her predominant symptom was debilitating itch on the surface of the skin around her nasal bridge, nasal septum and the nasal alae. She had no associated nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, skin changes nor rash and there was no relation to seasons, being outdoors, time of day, occupation, or food intake. Possible triggers included a warm environment and exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B A Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - K Dear
- Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Skin Health Institute, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - E Donaldson
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - R Nixon
- Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Skin Health Institute, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - I M Winship
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
McKernan C, Meharg C, Carey M, Donaldson E, Williams P, Savage L, Meharg AA. Feed-derived iodine overrides environmental contribution to cow milk. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:6930-6939. [PMID: 32475661 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Diets worldwide are deficient in iodine, leading to a range of undesirable health effects at the population level. Dairy products are a primary source of iodine in diets for those populations in which iodized salt is not systematically used or available. However, the flows of iodine through dairy agroecosystems are not well understood. The aim of this research was to investigate iodine flows though the dairy agroecosystem, including the influence of atmospheric depositional inputs, environmental variables, season, husbandry, and diet. Three farm-based sampling campaigns were carried out in this investigation, with milk, soil, silage, grass, and feed iodine determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, and nonparametric statistical analysis tests were conducted on data sets obtained. Natural iodine inputs into the environment are dominated by atmospheric deposition, which mainly from sea spray, and thus the location of farms relative to the coast and prevailing wind direction. Herbage and silage produced from grass-based systems strongly correlated with soil iodine, yet there was a strong disconnect between soil, forage, and feed and the milk that results. This was due to the levels of iodine in supplemental feeds being approximately 10-fold higher than those in forage-derived feeds. The practice of feed supplementation, accentuated by summer housing of cows, led to elevated milk iodine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C McKernan
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - C Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom.
| | - M Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - E Donaldson
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - P Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - L Savage
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - A A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chao M, Donaldson E, Wu WJ, Shulte M, Lonergan S. Modifications of Membrane Phospholipids in Response to Extended Aging from Pork Loins. Meat and Muscle Biology 2019. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb.10756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesIt is well established that fresh meat shelf-life deteriorates during aging process. We hypothesize that part of the shelf-life reduction is due to membrane phospholipid deterioration through phospholipase activity and/or phospholipid oxidation during aging. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the modifications/deterioration of phospholipid classes/species in pork loins from 3 different aging periods.Materials and MethodsLoins from 20 carcasses were collected at a commercial harvest facility in the Midwest 1 d postmortem from carcasses of Duroc sired crossbred pigs. Four chops from each carcass containing only the longissimus muscle were vacuum packaged and aged at 4°C for 1, 8, and 21 d. A sensitive approach based on electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry was used to comprehensively analyze phospholipid composition using the lipid extract from each sample at each aging period (n = 60). Unsaturation index (UI; measurement of the number of double bonds) for each phospholipid species class was also calculated to quantify fatty acyl chain unsaturation for each sample in each aging period.ResultsTotal phospholipid quantity in pork loins was not different between 1d and 8d aged chops but decreased significantly from 8d to 21d of aging (806.6 vs. 297.5 nmol phospholipid/mg lipid; P < 0.01). On the other hand, the mol% data (distribution of each phospholipid species in relative % of total phospholipid) revealed that phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylserine (PS) increased in mol% from 1d to 21d of aging in pork loins (P < 0.01). This increase was mainly due to the increase of PI 38:4 (primarily 18:0/20:4) and PS 36:2 (primarily 18:0/18:2) between 1d and 21d samples (P < 0.01). The results showed that phospholipid degradation products like lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) mol% rose quickly after short term aging (8d) but remained constant through the rest of the 21d aging period (P < 0.01). Conversely, lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) was unaltered between 1d and 8d of aging but decreased between 8d and 21d aged pork loins (P < 0.01). The mol% of phosphatidic acid (PA) also increased between 1d and 21d aged pork loins (P < 0.05). Extended aging did not alter the mol% of total phosphatidylcholine (PC), ether-linked PC (ePC), sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) or ether-linked PE (ePE; P > 0.05). Surprisingly, UI revealed the exact opposite trend as the mol% data. The UI of PI and PS decreased (P < 0.01) from 1d to 21 d of aging in pork loins due to the disappearance of many minor PI and PS species with very long chain fatty acids and multiple double bonds such as PI 42:10 and PS 44:10. There was also a slight increase of PC UI after 8 d of aging in pork loins (P < 0.01). The UI for LPC, ePC, SM, LPE, PE, ePE and total phospholipid were not altered in any of the aging periods (P > 0.05).ConclusionThese results confirmed our hypothesis that phospholipids undergo extensive degradation during aging. The data also indicated that the majority of phospholipids in pork loins may maintain integrity over short period aging (1–8d). Among the phospholipid classes, PI and PS were slightly more resistant to deterioration compared with the others due to their ability to modify fatty acyl chain saturation. Additional investigations are necessary to define the role of phospholipid modifications in fresh pork shelf-life and flavor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Chao
- Kansas State University Department of Animal Sciences and Industry
| | - E. Donaldson
- Kansas State University Department of Animal Sciences and Industry
| | - W. J. Wu
- Kansas State University Department of Animal Sciences and Industry
| | - M. Shulte
- Iowa State University Department of Animal Science
| | - S. Lonergan
- Iowa State University Department of Animal Science
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chao M, Donaldson E, Wu WJ, Shulte M, Lonergan S. Modifications of Membrane Phospholipids in Response to Extended Aging from Pork Loins. Meat and Muscle Biology 2019. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb2019.0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
5
|
Donaldson E, Howe T, Holdsworth L, Webster V. The National Elf Service: online engagement or a brief encounter? Physiotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
6
|
Nakauyaca A, Kalro A, Donaldson E, Patel H. Fatal outcome of an Epstein-Barr virus positive mucocutaneous ulcer secondary to methotrexate. Intern Med J 2017; 46:1226-1228. [PMID: 27734625 DOI: 10.1111/imj.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Nakauyaca
- Department of Haematology, Division of Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - A Kalro
- Department of Haematology, Division of Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - E Donaldson
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Division of Pathology, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - H Patel
- Department of Ears, Nose and Throat, Division of Surgery, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu X, Chavan N, Tovar R, Donaldson E. Lumbosacral Osteomyelitis after Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Sacral Colpopexy Using Biological Mesh. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2016.08.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
8
|
Hvas C, Farrer K, Donaldson E, Blackett B, Lloyd H, Forde C, Paine P, Lal S. Introduction of a complete nutrition support team increases appropriate parenteral nutrition use and reduces its complications. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2015; 10:e203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2015.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
9
|
Hvas CL, Farrer K, Donaldson E, Blackett B, Lloyd H, Forde C, Garside G, Paine P, Lal S. Quality and safety impact on the provision of parenteral nutrition through introduction of a nutrition support team. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:1294-9. [PMID: 25248359 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Parenteral nutrition (PN) should be provided to the malnourished patient if enteral feeding is insufficient or unsafe. A nutrition support team (NST) may improve PN services. We compared the use and complications of hospital PN before and after the implementation of an NST. SUBJECTS/METHODS All inpatients referred for PN outside of the intensive care unit and the intestinal failure unit were prospectively included from 2009 to 2012. The NST was introduced in 2010. Quality improvement methodology was applied. RESULTS In 2009, a mean of 16 (limits of normal variation 4-28) patients were referred for PN each month. After introduction of the NST, this rose to 26 (10-42) referrals per month. The percentage of referrals where PN was not initiated increased from 5.3% in 2009 to 10.1% in 2012 (P=0.03). This increase was restricted to teams that infrequently referred for PN, and enteral nutrition could replace PN in 31 of 51 patients (61%) as compared with 8 of 32 (25%) patients referred from teams that frequently referred for PN (P=0.001). The frequency of PN started owing to an insufficient oral or enteral intake decreased from 11% to 3% (P=0.01). The catheter-related bloodstream infection rate dropped from 6.7 to 0.7 episodes per 1000 catheter days (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Introduction of an NST increased both the total PN use and the percentage of referrals where enteral nutrition could replace PN. Medical specialty influenced the referral pattern and the likelihood that a referral resulted in PN being initiated. Safety of PN catheters improved significantly following NST introduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Hvas
- 1] Intestinal Failure Unit, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK [2] Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - K Farrer
- Intestinal Failure Unit, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - E Donaldson
- Quality Improvement Directorate, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - B Blackett
- Nutrition Support Team, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - H Lloyd
- Nutrition Support Team, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - C Forde
- Nutrition Support Team, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - G Garside
- Inpatient Pharmacy, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - P Paine
- 1] Nutrition Support Team, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK [2] Department of Gastroenterology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Lal
- 1] Intestinal Failure Unit, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK [2] Nutrition Support Team, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK [3] Department of Gastroenterology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lal S, Donaldson E, Taylor M, Abraham A, Carlson G, Fletcher O, Varden J, Teubner A. PP264-MON: Improving Quality in a National Intestinal Failure Unit: Greater Efficiency, Improved Access, Reduced Mortality. Clin Nutr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(14)50598-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
11
|
Hvas C, Farrer K, Donaldson E, Blackett B, Garside G, Paine P, Lal S. OP029: Quality and Safety Impact on the Provision of Parenteral Nutrition through Introduction of a Nutrition Support Team. Clin Nutr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(14)50029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
12
|
Williams SK, Donaldson E, Van der Kleij T, Dixon L, Fisher M, Tibble J, Gilleece Y, Klenerman P, Banham AH, Howard M, Webster DP. Quantification of hepatic FOXP3+ T-lymphocytes in HIV/hepatitis C coinfection. J Viral Hepat 2014; 21:251-9. [PMID: 24597693 PMCID: PMC4159582 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coinfection with HIV adversely impacts every stage of hepatitis C (HCV) infection. Liver damage in HCV infection results from host antiviral responses rather than direct viral pathogenesis. Despite depressed cellular immunity, coinfected patients show accelerated hepatic fibrosis compared with HCV monoinfected patients. This paradox is poorly understood. T-regulatory (Treg) cells (CD4+ and FOXP3+) are hypothesized to limit hepatic damage in HCV. Our hypothesis was that reduced frequency of hepatic Treg in HIV/HCV coinfection compared with HCV monoinfection may explain poorer outcomes. We quantified FOXP3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD20+ cells in liver biopsies of 35 male subjects matched by age and ISHAK fibrosis score, 12 HIV monoinfected, 11 HCV monoinfected and 12 HIV/HCV coinfected. Cell counts were performed using indirect immunohistochemical staining and light microscopy. HIV/HCV coinfected subjects had fewer hepatic FOXP3+ (P = 0.031) and CD4+ cells (P = 0.001) than HCV monoinfected subjects. Coinfected subjects had more hepatic CD8+ cells compared with HCV monoinfected (P = 0.023), and a lower ratio of FOXP3+ to CD8+ cells (0.08 vs 0.27, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed number of CD4+ cells controlled for differences in number of FOXP3+ cells. Fewer hepatic FOXP3+ and CD4+ cells in HIV/HCV coinfection compared with HCV monoinfection suggests lower Treg activity, driven by an overall loss of CD4+ cells. Higher number of CD8+ cells in HIV/HCV coinfection suggests higher cytotoxic activity. This may explain poorer outcomes in HIV/HCV coinfected patients and suggests a potential mechanism by which highly active antiretroviral therapy may benefit these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - E. Donaldson
- Brighton and Sussex University HospitalsBrightonUK
| | | | - L. Dixon
- Brighton and Sussex University HospitalsBrightonUK
| | - M. Fisher
- Brighton and Sussex University HospitalsBrightonUK
| | - J. Tibble
- Brighton and Sussex University HospitalsBrightonUK
| | - Y. Gilleece
- Brighton and Sussex University HospitalsBrightonUK
| | - P. Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen ResearchNuffield Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - A. H. Banham
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory SciencesRadcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - M. Howard
- Brighton and Sussex University HospitalsBrightonUK
| | - D. P. Webster
- Brighton and Sussex Medical SchoolBrightonUK,
Correspondence: Daniel P. Webster, Department of Virology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK.
E‐mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Farrer K, Donaldson E, Blackett B, Lloyd H, Forde C, Melia D, Lal S. Nutritional screening of elderly patients: a health improvement approach to practice. J Hum Nutr Diet 2013; 27:184-91. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Farrer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust; Salford UK
| | - E. Donaldson
- Quality Improvement Directorate; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust; Salford UK
| | - B. Blackett
- Nursing Directorate; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust; Salford UK
| | - H. Lloyd
- Nursing Directorate; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust; Salford UK
| | - C. Forde
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust; Salford UK
| | - D. Melia
- Nursing Directorate; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust; Salford UK
| | - S. Lal
- Intestinal Failure Unit; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust; Salford UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Matsche MA, Markin E, Donaldson E, Hengst A, Lazur A. Effect of chloride on nitrite-induced methaemoglobinemia in Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus (Mitchill). J Fish Dis 2012; 35:873-885. [PMID: 22973973 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2012.01418.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of chloride concentration on the clinical pathology in juvenile Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus (Mitchill), following semi-static exposures to 1 mg L(-1) nitrite for 96 h. In spring water naturally low in chloride (5 mg L(-1)), plasma nitrite concentrated to more than 40× environmental levels resulting in a severe methaemoglobinemia characterized by torpid behaviour, 30-fold increase in methaemoglobin fraction, anaemia, leucopenia and hyperkalaemia. Loss of intracellular water and potassium to extracellular space may have resulted in hyperkalaemia and haemodilution. Fish survived nitrite exposure, but 60% of torpid fish died following capture and tissue sampling. Fish acclimated to 10-fold higher chloride content (55 mg L(-1)) did not concentrate nitrite in the plasma above environmental levels or develop methaemoglobinemia, but did exhibit similar haematology and plasma chemistry changes. Plasma nitrite returned to preexposure levels by 14 days following nitrite exposures, but severity of clinical pathology changes persisted or increased, suggesting that Atlantic sturgeon have reduced capacity to recover from methaemoglobinemia. Fish that survive methaemoglobinemia may be susceptible to mortality from the cumulative effects of intoxication, handling and other stresses for two or more weeks following nitrite remediation. Chloride buffering in aquaculture systems reduces the toxic effects of nitrite accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Matsche
- Cooperative Oxford Laboratory, Oxford, MD, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fisher K, Donaldson E, Green LM, Harmon T, Harrison P, Lande R, Warren M. A decade of investment, HIV prevention research and development funding from 2000 through 2011. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3360380 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s1-p101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
16
|
Reifenstein EC, Forbes AP, Albright F, Donaldson E, Carroll E. EFFECT OF METHYL TESTOSTERONE ON URINARY 17-KETOSTEROIDS OF ADRENAL ORIGIN. J Clin Invest 2006; 24:416-34. [PMID: 16695230 PMCID: PMC435472 DOI: 10.1172/jci101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E C Reifenstein
- Medical Service of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Abstract
Two cases are presented of unusual cutaneous lesions associated with rheumatoid arthritis in underlying joints. The lesions were evanescent, erythematous and violaceous partly macular and partly indurated plaques, with a livedo-like pattern of erythema at the edge in one case. Histological changes were identical in the two cases. The major features were dilated, dermal lymphatics containing aggregates of inflammatory cells, mainly histiocytes, with adjacent perivascular lymphoid aggregates. An appropriate name for this reaction would appear to be cutaneous histiocytic lymphangitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Pruim
- Department of Dermatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Affiliation(s)
- M Little
- Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND As many as 1000 lives are lost annually from cardiac arrest in commercial aircraft. Ventricular fibrillation (VF), the most common mechanism, can be treated effectively only with prompt defibrillation, whereas the current policy of most airlines is to continue cardiopulmonary resuscitation pending aircraft diversion. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of making semiautomatic external defibrillators (AEDs) available for use on airline passengers with cardiac arrest. METHODS AND RESULTS AEDs were installed on international Qantas aircraft and at major terminals, selected crew were trained in their use, and all crew members were trained in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Supervision was provided by medical volunteers or (remotely) by airline physicians. During a 64-month period, AEDs were used on 109 occasions: 63 times for monitoring an acutely ill passenger and 46 times for cardiac arrest. Twenty-seven episodes of cardiac arrest occurred in aircraft, often (11 of 27 [41%]) unwitnessed, and they were usually (21 of 27 [78%]) associated with asystole or pulseless idioventricular rhythm. All 19 arrests in terminals were witnessed; VF was present in 17 (89%). Overall, defibrillation was initially successful in 21 of 23 cases (91%). Long-term survival from VF was achieved in 26% (2 of 6 in aircraft and 4 of 17 in terminals). The ability to monitor cardiac rhythm aided decisions on diversion, which was avoided in most passengers with asystole or idioventricular rhythm. CONCLUSIONS AEDs in aircraft and terminals, with appropriate crew training, are helpful in the management of cardiac emergencies. Survival from VF is practicable and is comparable with the most effective prehospital ambulance emergency services. Costly aircraft diversions can be avoided in clearly futile situations, enhancing the cost-effectiveness of the program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M F O'Rourke
- University of New South Wales, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND First aid is commonly required during commercial aircraft flights, especially during international flights. An intimidating and sometimes threatening array of in-flight medical emergencies challenge the doctor, flight attendants and other passengers in such medical emergencies. Cramped conditions, difficulties of access to the victim, lack of privacy, cultural and language differences and noise and vibration all compound to increase the difficulties of the normal first aid drills which are required in the management of in-cabin emergencies. Doctors who fly as passengers are liable to be called upon to render first aid in the air. We provide an analysis of the types of medical emergencies encountered during commercial air travel. METHODS We have reviewed all consecutive in-flight medical incident reports for QANTAS international flights for 1993. All incidents requiring the attention of a doctor were included. RESULTS A total of 454 significant medical incidents occurred. These included, in rank order, syncope (35%), angina and cardiac emergencies (23%), gastrointestinal conditions (13%), respiratory tract infections and asthma (9%) and anxiety and panic reactions warranting medical intervention (5%). CONCLUSIONS Syncope, the management of gastrointestinal symptoms and problems of angina comprise over half (58%) of the presenting symptoms which confront a fellow traveller who may coincidentally be a medical practitioner. Problems of anxiety, sleeplessness, airport bustle, immobility, barotrauma, alcohol abuse and mild hypoxia are discussed in the context of precipitating factors which may trigger an in-flight emergency. Psychological problems are very common and challenge the first aider, whether or not he or she is medically trained. We emphasize the necessity for doctors and nurses to be trained in first aid, as a distinct profession in its own right and a series of drills and skills which are distinctive from those of surgery-based health care. The 5% annual increase in air-passenger traffic, predicted for the next two decades, highlights the importance of special training for "first aid in the air'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Donaldson
- Health Services Department, QANTAS Jet Base, Mascot, New South Wales, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Lee MG, Arthurs M, Terry SI, Donaldson E, Scott P, Bennett F, Hanchard B, Levett PN. Helicobacter pylori in patients undergoing upper endoscopy in Jamaica. W INDIAN MED J 1994; 43:84-6. [PMID: 7817542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and two consecutive patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were tested for H. pylori by a rapid urease test, using antral biopsy specimens. There were 60 men (mean age 54 yrs) and 42 women (mean age 49 yrs). Fifty-six patients (55%) were positive for H. pylori. Of male patients, 36 (60%) and of female patients, 20 (48%) tested positive. Sixty-eight per cent of patients with antral gastritis, 65% with duodenal ulcer and 60% with gastric ulcer had H. pylori. Thirty-nine patients (70%) positive for H. pylori were from major urban areas, and 17 (30%) were from rural areas of Jamaica. In patients without H. pylori, 61% and 39% were from urban and rural areas, respectively. Forty-four patients (79%) with H. pylori and 40 (87%) without H. pylori had piped water in their homes. Ninety-three per cent of all patients had electricity and 88% had refrigeration. There was no difference between patients positive or negative for H. pylori with regard to the use of alcohol, marijuana or tobacco. There was also no difference between both groups in exposure to domestic animals in the home environment. H. pylori is associated with antral gastritis and peptic ulcer disease in Jamaican patients. There are no specific environmental or social factors that seem to predispose to infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M G Lee
- Department of Medicine, UWI, Jamaica
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Primary carcinoma of the pancreas exhibiting squamous differentiation is unusual. We present such a case which was diagnosed by percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy. A cytological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma lead to the question: was the tumour primary or secondary? Subsequent post-mortem examination confirmed a primary carcinoma of the head of the pancreas with predominantly squamous differentiation and a small component of glandular differentiation. Cytologic diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma should prompt a review of clinical and radiologic data. Evidence of a malignant glandular component should also be sought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Smit
- Eastern Suburbs Pathology Service Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Donaldson E, Mathy J, Smit W. Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas. Pathology 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0031-3025(16)35716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
26
|
Maruyama Y, van Nagell JR, Powell D, Yoneda J, Donaldson E, Gallion HH, Kryscio RJ. Predictive value of specimen histology after preoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of bulky/barrel carcinoma of the cervix. Am J Clin Oncol 1992; 15:150-6. [PMID: 1553904 DOI: 10.1097/00000421-199204000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
One hundred thirty-four patients with bulky and barrel-shaped cervix cancers were treated with preoperative radiation to 40-45 Gy, intracavitary therapy using Cs-137 or Cf-252 and extrafascial total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAHBSO) 4-6 weeks after radiotherapy. Outcome of therapy was traced for patients with residual tumor (positive) in the hysterectomy specimen and those who had no residual tumor (negative) in the specimens. All specimens were studied by a set protocol to carefully evaluate the TAHBSO specimen for gross or residual tumor. Ninety-two percent of the patients with negative specimens survived 5 years, but this dropped to 71% if the specimen was positive. These findings were observed in both the Cs-137- and Cf-252-treated patients. Patients with negative specimens failed mainly in distant sites, whereas those with positive specimens failed locally and distantly. Patient survival was less in patients with positive specimens. There was no difference in outcomes for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas. The specimen histological findings have predictive value in patients treated with preoperative radiation and surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Maruyama
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536-0084
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
|
28
|
Maruyama Y, Donaldson E, van Nagell JR, Yoneda J, Gallion HH, Powell D, Kryscio RJ. Specimen findings and survival after preoperative 252Cf neutron brachytherapy for stage II cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 1991; 43:252-9. [PMID: 1752495 DOI: 10.1016/0090-8258(91)90030-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-seven patients with operable Stage II cervical cancer with a mean diameter tumor of 8.0 cm were studied in a feasibility study using preoperative 252Cf implants plus whole-pelvis radiation to 45 Gy followed by extrafascial total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy 4 to 6 weeks later. Hysterectomy specimens were studied by a set protocol. With the protocol used, 13/27 (51%) specimens and abdominal stagings were negative for residual tumor. The survival rate for the patients with negative findings was 93% at 5 years. In 14/27 (49%) patients the specimens were positive for residual tumor. In contrast, the 5-year survival rate for this group was 46% (P less than 0.001). In these patients several interrelated factors were determined to be of importance, i.e., (1) tumor size greater than 8 cm in maximum diameter, (2) positive or negative residual tumor status, and (3) total dose of radiation given. Survival was lower for larger tumors and specimens were more likely to show residual tumor. A lower treatment dose led to more positive specimens, as well as to poorer survival. While the patients with Stage II disease fared very well when negative specimens were found, further prospective studies of the appropriate treatment for those with positive tumor specimens are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Maruyama
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536-0084
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Donaldson E, Kennaway DJ. Effects of temazepam on sleep, performance, and rhythmic 6-sulphatoxymelatonin and cortisol excretion after transmeridian travel. Aviat Space Environ Med 1991; 62:654-60. [PMID: 1898301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of 20-mg doses of the short-acting benzodiazepine, temazepam, on sleep, performance and pineal, adrenal and temperature rhythms were investigated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study. Ten healthy males were studied 4 d prior to flying from Sydney to London via Tokyo and Anchorage (11 time zones). Temazepam or placebo were administered at 2300 hours (local time) during the flight and for 4 d after arrival. After a 7-d recreation break in London, the subjects returned to Sydney via Moscow and Tokyo and again took five doses of temazepam or placebo. During the 5 d following their arrival in London or Sydney, the subjects collected urine, had rectal temperature monitored, performed a battery of performance tests and filled out questionnaires. Temazepam significantly improved various subjective sleep characteristics, particularly on the first few nights. Performance (choice reaction time, critical flicker fusion threshold and pencil and paper tests) was not impaired by temazepam treatment. The pineal rhythm was assessed by urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin excretion rate determinations. The time of peak 6-sulphatoxymelatonin excretion (acrophase) occurred progressively later each day after arrival in London and Sydney, however the rate of adjustment of the rhythm was not affected by temazepam. Similarly, the urinary cortisol and temperature rhythms adjusted to the new environments by progressive delay with no drug effect being evident. Administration of temazepam clearly had a beneficial effect on sleep and alertness following transmeridian travel, without detrimental effects on performance. There was no evidence to suggest that temazepam altered the rates of entrainment of physiological rhythms to the new environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Donaldson
- Royal Australian Army Medical Corps, Oakey Queensland
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Group C streptococci have been infrequently described as human pathogens. A case of meningitis caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae, in a 73-year-old man with alcoholic liver disease, was treated successfully with penicillin and chloramphenicol.
Collapse
|
31
|
Givens D, Dewey P, Donaldson E, Jones D, Adamson A. Within- and between-centre variability in the measurement of organic matter digestibility in vivo of cereal straws. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0377-8401(90)90072-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
32
|
Donaldson E. Determination of cobalt, nickel, lead, bismuth and indium in ores, soils and related materials by atomic-absorption spectrometry after separation by xanthate extraction. Talanta 1989; 36:543-8. [PMID: 18964754 DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(89)80121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/1988] [Accepted: 12/01/1988] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
33
|
Moore BC, Glasberg BR, Donaldson E, McPherson T, Plack CJ. Detection of temporal gaps in sinusoids by normally hearing and hearing-impaired subjects. J Acoust Soc Am 1989; 85:1266-1275. [PMID: 2708669 DOI: 10.1121/1.397457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A two-alternative forced-choice task was used to measure psychometric functions for the detection of temporal gaps in a 1-kHz, 400-ms sinusoidal signal. The signal always started and finished at a positive-going zero crossing, and the gap duration was varied from 0.5 to 6.0 ms in 0.5-ms steps. The signal level was 80 dB SPL, and a spectrally shaped noise was used to mask splatter associated with the abrupt onset and offset of the signal. Two subjects with normal hearing, two subjects with unilateral cochlear hearing loss, and two subjects with bilateral cochlear hearing loss were tested. The impaired ears had confirmed reductions in frequency selectivity at 1 kHz. For the normal ears, the psychometric functions were nonmonotonic, showing minima for gap durations corresponding to integer multiples of the signal period (n ms, where n is a positive integer) and maxima for durations corresponding to (n - 0.5) ms. For the impaired ears, the psychometric functions showed only small (nonsignificant) nonmonotonicities. Performance overall was slightly worse for the impaired than for the normal ears. The main features of the results could be accounted for using a model consisting of a bandpass filter (the auditory filter), a square-law device, and a sliding temporal integrator. Consistent with the data, the model demonstrates that, although a broader auditory filter has a faster transient response, this does not necessarily lead to improved performance in a gap detection task. The model also indicates that gap thresholds do not provide a direct measure of temporal resolution, since they depend at least partly on intensity resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B C Moore
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, England
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Maruyama Y, van Nagell JR, Yoneda J, Donaldson E, Gallion HH, Higgins R, Powell D, Kryscio R, Berner B. Dose-response and failure pattern for bulky or barrel-shaped stage IB cervical cancer treated by combined photon irradiation and extrafascial hysterectomy. Cancer 1989; 63:70-6. [PMID: 2910427 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19890101)63:1<70::aid-cncr2820630112>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
From 1975 to 1987, 80 patients with bulky or barrel-shaped Stage IB cervical cancer were treated with preoperative irradiation and Cs-137 intracavitary implant therapy, before a planned extrafascial abdominal hysterectomy, using a consistent treatment policy. Of the hysterectomy specimens obtained, 37% were positive histologically at 89 +/- 2.3 days after the start of radiotherapy and at 4 to 6 weeks after the completion of radiation therapy. Sixty-three percent were negative after a total external and internal cervix irradiation dose of 9642 cGy at point T. The average point A dose contributed by intracavitary therapy was 2104 cGy. The survival rate at 5 years was 84%: At 10 years the survival rate was 78%. The failure pattern was analyzed for patients who had positive and negative specimens. The patients with positive specimens failed pelvically or pelvically and distantly. Patients with negative specimens failed in extrapelvic or distant metastatic sites. Preoperative radiotherapy led to excellent local and pelvic control of tumor, and the failures became predominantly distant metastases. The combined radiosurgical therapy was tolerated well and allowed surgical staging of disease. This permitted earlier and selective consideration of adjunctive therapy (i.e., paraaortic irradiation, chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy). The dose-response data give insight into the effects of photon radiotherapy on bulky or barrel Stage IB cervical cancers and correlate histologic status with failure pattern, outcome, and long-term survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Maruyama
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky, A. B. Chandler Medical Center, Lexington 40536
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Twenty patients with Stage IVA and IVB cervic cancers were treated with Californium-252 (Cf) neutron brachytherapy (NT) in a feasibility trial between 1976 and 1986. Eleven patients had Stage IVA disease; nine patients had Stage IVB disease. Patient compliance with therapy was poor in four of nine patients with Stage IVB disease, and the 50% survival time was 6 months. In Stage IVA disease there were 18% 3-year survivals. For those that failed, the 50% survival time was 7.5 months. Because of the frequency of disseminated metastases, effective adjuvant therapy needs to be developed to use after the tumor debulking therapy, especially for Stage IVB disease. A single early Cf-NT implant followed by 6000 cGy of whole-pelvis fractionated radiation would accomplish this adequately for local tumor control and palliation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Maruyama
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Maruyama Y, van Nagell JR, Yoneda J, Donaldson E, Gallion H, Higgins R, Powell D, Turner C, Kryscio R. Efficacy of brachytherapy with californium-252 neutrons versus cesium-137 photons for eradication of bulky localized cervical cancer: single-institution study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1988; 80:501-6. [PMID: 3367388 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/80.7.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A fast-neutron-emitting radioisotope, 252Cf, is being tested in clinical trials of neutron brachytherapy for cervical cancer. The efficacy for histological eradication of bulky stage IB cervical tumors (mean diameter, approximately 6 cm) using combined radiation and surgery was studied in 65 patients treated with 137Cs or 252Cf before surgery during 1983-1986. Forty-four patients were treated with 137Cs and 21 were treated with 252Cf at equivalent doses of radiation. Fifteen of the 44 specimens (34%) were positive after 137Cs therapy. Only one of the 21 specimens was positive after 252Cf therapy (P = .025), and that patient was treated in a delayed schedule 21 days after the start of external-beam irradiation rather than early in the course. 252Cf therapy required a much lower radiation dose and shorter treatment time. The study compared tumor destruction of an identically staged human cervical tumor in situ by direct histological means, using 252Cf neutron therapy or conventional photon therapy at an identical and equivalent dose adjusted by a relative biological effectiveness of 6.0 for 252Cf.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Maruyama
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Maruyama Y, van Nagell JR, Feola JM, Beach JL, Yoneda J, Donaldson E, Gallion H, Rowley K, Powell D. Specimen histology after one or two preoperative CF-252 implants for bulky stage IB cervical cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1987; 13:1473-8. [PMID: 3624026 DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(87)90313-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Using hysterectomy specimens obtained 1 month after Cf-252 neutron brachytherapy plus fractionated radiotherapy, we determined the fraction of positive and negative specimens with neutron dose for bulky Stage IB cervical cancers. The specimens obtained and studied after an initial Cf-252 insertion when the sources were newer and less decayed were more frequently negative for histological evidence of cancer than after the sources had decayed and 2 insertions were needed. After two insertions to deliver a therapeutic dose preoperatively the specimens were more frequently positive. When a larger initial dose was delivered to the tumor a larger proportion of negative specimens was noted. The size of neutron dose fraction was important to local tumor clearance and to rendering the specimens negative as well as schedule in use.
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Intracavitary Californium-252 combined with whole-pelvis photon radiotherapy was tested as the sole form of treatment for 22 patients with Stage IB carcinoma of the cervix. Californium-252 (Cf) is a fast neutron-emitting radioisotope currently being tested in trials of neutron brachytherapy (NT). The outcomes of the treated group of patients were traced for local tumor control, survival, patterns of failure, and complications. The Cf intracavitary therapy combined with whole-pelvis photon radiotherapy resulted in 95% 2-year and 91% 5-year actuarial survival. There were 9% Grade II-III complications by the Stockholm scale and 4% local failures. These results were obtained in an early clinical trial with a group of largely poor-risk patients with tumors of mean diameter of 4.3 cm.
Collapse
|
39
|
Powell D, Smith L, Gallion H, van Nagell J, Donaldson E, Jansen M. Cytogenetics of human ovarian carcinomas. Gynecol Oncol 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0090-8258(86)90280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
40
|
Maruyama Y, Kryscio R, Van Nagell JR, Yoneda J, Donaldson E, Hanson M, Beach JL, Feola JM, Martin A, Parker C. Clinical trial of 252Cf neutron brachytherapy vs. conventional radiotherapy for advanced cervical cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1985; 11:1475-82. [PMID: 4019271 DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(85)90335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
252Cf, a neutron emitting radioactive transplutonium isotope, was tested for its efficacy against advanced bulky Stage III-IV cancers of the cervix in a clinical trial at the University of Kentucky Medical Center. Eighty-two patients were treated during 1976-1979 and followed for 5-year survival and tumor control. Three different treatment methods went on sequentially and concurrently, that is, (a) conventional whole pelvis photon with delayed 137Cs implants, (b) conventional photon therapy with delayed 252Cf implants, and (c) 252Cf implants ("early") preceding photon therapy. There were 12% 5-year survival for Stage IIIB cancers by conventional therapy, and 15% by delayed 252Cf implant therapy. For early 252Cf implant therapy there were 54% 5-year survivals with 4% complications and 65% 5-year local control, but distant metastases became a prominent delayed failure pattern.
Collapse
|
41
|
Maruyama Y, Kryscio R, Wood C, van Nagell JR, Donaldson E, Hanson M, Yoneda J. Feasibility study: results of treatment of primary and recurrent adenocarcinoma of the corpus uteri with californium-252. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1985; 11:1199-208. [PMID: 3997601 DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(85)90070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A trial of Cf-252 for the radiotherapy of primary or recurrent corpus adenocarcinoma was carried out at the University of Kentucky. The patients with primary tumors were of advanced age, poor general medical condition, and had multiple chronic medical illness, poorly differentiated tumors and/or metastatic Stage IVB disease. Fourteen patients with primary tumors were treated and all achieved complete local tumor control. The five year actuarial disease-free survival rate by the Kaplan-Meier method was 100% for Stage I-III disease, although 36% died of other, usually medical, causes. For eight patients treated with recurrent tumors, long term tumor control was 40% four year actuarial disease survival. Local control was 100% for vault recurrences of 3 cm diameter size, but only 6/8 (75%) cleared their pelvic tumors completely. Those that did not had tumors of massive size, distant metastatic disease and adenosquamous or poorly-differentiated (G3) pattern. One additional cut across, infected tumor was controlled for 26 months. Corpus carcinoma was highly sensitive to Cf-252 neutron radiation therapy.
Collapse
|
42
|
Maruyama Y, Kryscio R, van Nagell JR, Yoneda J, Donaldson E, Hanson M, Beach JL, Feola JM, Martin A, Parker C. Neutron brachytherapy is better than conventional radiotherapy in advanced cervical cancer. Lancet 1985; 1:1120-2. [PMID: 2860334 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(85)92430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Californium-252 (252Cf), a fast-neutron emitting radioisotope, was used for neutron brachytherapy (NT) of 82 patients with advanced (stage III and IV) cervical cancer. The results were compared with caesium-137 brachytherapy; both isotopes were given in combination with high-dose fractionated pelvic radiotherapy. In patients with stage IIIB disease (ie, tumour to the pelvic side-wall), 252Cf intracavitary therapy resulted in 54% 5-year survival compared with 12% in the caesium group. To be effective, Cf-NT must be given before external beam (photon) therapy.
Collapse
|
43
|
Maruyama Y, van Nagell JR, Yoneda J, Donaldson E, Hanson M, Martin A, Wilson LC, Coffey CW, Feola J, Beach JL. Five-year cure of cervical cancer treated using californium-252 neutron brachytherapy. Am J Clin Oncol 1984; 7:487-93. [PMID: 6391143 DOI: 10.1097/00000421-198410000-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Female pelvic carcinoma is one of the common malignancies seen at the University of Kentucky Medical Center and often presents in an advanced stage. In 1976, we began to test californium-252 neutron brachytherapy (NT) for its efficacy for control of primary and recurrent advanced uterine, cervix, and vaginal cancers. The first protocol used was 5000-5500 rad of whole pelvis irradiation followed by 1-2 Cf-252 insertions using a single tandem placed in the utero-cervico-vaginal region. Of 27 patients with primary carcinomas treated, 10 are alive and well 5 years later (37%). Two of two recurrent tumors were locally controlled but failed later. These patients had advanced cervical, vaginal, or endometrial carcinomas. In 1977, a transitional year, treatment of only unfavorable stages and presentations with NT was initiated. Similar results were obtained with NT as compared to conventional photon therapy (PT). Further improvement in treatment results can be anticipated as NT brachytherapy is used for advanced cancer therapy by more effective treatment schedules and radiation doses. Cf-252 can be used as a radium substitute and achieved similar rates of tumor control and 5-year survivals.
Collapse
|
44
|
Donaldson E. Spectrophotometric determination of tantalum in ores and mill products with brilliant green after separation by methyl isobutyl ketone extraction of tantalum fluoride. Talanta 1983; 30:497-504. [DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(83)80117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/1982] [Accepted: 12/28/1982] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
45
|
Pavlik EJ, van Nagell JR, Donaldson E, Hanson M. Some practical aspects of the separation of estrogen and progesterone receptors by size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography which are relevant to quantitation. J Steroid Biochem 1982; 17:553-8. [PMID: 7176647 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(82)90015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
46
|
Donaldson E. Chloroform extraction of ethyl xanthate complexes from sulphuric acid media. Talanta 1982; 29:663-9. [DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(82)80071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/1982] [Accepted: 02/24/1982] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
47
|
Abstract
Radiation-induced tumor regression was evaluated as a prognostic factor in 200 patients with invasive cervical cancer treated at the University of Kentucky Center during the years 1973-1977. Radiation responses were classified as complete (Type A), intermediate (Type B), or incomplete (Type C) based upon pelvic examination findings one month following completion of therapy. Patients with Type A response to radiation had a recurrence rate of 5%, as compared with 27% in patients with a Type B response and 85% in patients with a Type C response. The direct relationship between radiation response and the incidence of tumor recurrence was observed in all stages of disease. Seventy-five percent of patients with Stages IB and IIB disease and a Type C response to radiation developed recurrent cancer, and tumor recurrences were confined to the central pelvis in the majority of cases. Patients with keratinizing squamous cell cancers had the lowest incidence of complete response to radiation. These findings suggest that careful observation of cervical cancer throughout radiation therapy can provide prognostically significant information concerning radiation-induced tumor regression. The therapeutic implications of this data is discussed.
Collapse
|
48
|
Donaldson E. Determination of chromium in ores, rocks and related materials, iron, steel and non-ferrous alloys by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry after separation by tribenzylamine—chloroform extraction. Talanta 1980; 27:779-86. [DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(80)80107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/1980] [Accepted: 05/15/1980] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
49
|
Donaldson E, Grant-Thomson J, Morwood P, O'Connor N, Tippett R. Pilot study on the value of a beta-blocking drug in initial helicopter training. Aviat Space Environ Med 1980; 51:926-9. [PMID: 6106469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The effect on performance of a standard dose of a beta-blocking drug was examined in a controlled test situation closely approximating actual flying training conditions and involving helicopter flying skills. Pindolol or a placebo was administered 90 min before a test flight and the flying and hovering performance of five students was assessed by qualified flying instructors. No significant difference was found between assigned performance ratings of test drug flights and placebo flights. It could not be concluded that a beta-blocking drug would improve the hovering performance of ab initio helicopter trainee pilots.
Collapse
|
50
|
Donaldson E. Determination of molybdenum in ores, iron and steel by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry after separation by α-benzoinoxime extraction or further xanthate extraction. Talanta 1980; 27:79-84. [DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(80)80022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/1979] [Accepted: 08/31/1979] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|