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Suzuki M, Funasaka N, Sato Y, Inamori D, Watanabe Y, Ozaki M, Hosono M, Shindo H, Kawamura K, Tatsukawa T, Yoshioka M. Association of seasonal changes in circulating cortisol concentrations with the expression of cortisol biosynthetic enzymes and a glucocorticoid receptor in the blubber of common bottlenose dolphin. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 352:114516. [PMID: 38593942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Cortisol is secreted from the adrenal cortex in response to stress, and its circulating levels are used as robust physiological indicators of stress intensity in various animals. Cortisol is also produced locally in adipose tissue by the conversion of steroid hormones such as cortisone, which is related to fat accumulation. Circulating cortisol levels, probably induced by cold stress, increase in cetaceans under cold conditions. However, whether cortisol production in subcutaneous adipose tissue is enhanced when fat accumulation is renewed during the cold season remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we examine the effect of environmental temperature on the expression of cortisol synthesis-related enzymes and a glucocorticoid receptor in the subcutaneous fat (blubber) and explore the association between these expressions and fluctuations in circulating cortisol levels in common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Skin biopsies were obtained seasonally from eight female dolphins, and seasonal differences in the expression of target genes in the blubber were analyzed. Blood samples were collected throughout the year, and cortisol levels were measured. We found that the expressions of cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2 (CYP21A2) and nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1), a glucocorticoid receptor, were increased in the cold season, and 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD11B1) showed a similar trend. Blood cortisol levels increased when the water temperature decreased. These results suggest that the conversion of 17-hydroxyprogesterone to cortisol via 11-deoxycortisol and/or of cortisone to cortisol is enhanced under cold conditions, and the physiological effects of cortisol in subcutaneous adipose tissue may contribute to on-site lipid accumulation and increase the circulating cortisol concentrations. The results obtained in this study highlight the role of cortisol in the regulation of the blubber that has developed to adapt to aquatic life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Suzuki
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
| | - Noriko Funasaka
- Cetacean Research Center, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Daiki Inamori
- Taiji Whale Museum, Higashimuro, Wakayama 649-5171 Japan
| | - Yurie Watanabe
- Taiji Whale Museum, Higashimuro, Wakayama 649-5171 Japan
| | - Miki Ozaki
- Adventure World, Nishimuro, Wakayama 649-2201 Japan
| | | | - Hideaki Shindo
- Shimonoseki Marine Science Museum, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 750-0036 Japan
| | - Keiko Kawamura
- Shimonoseki Marine Science Museum, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 750-0036 Japan
| | | | - Motoi Yoshioka
- Cetacean Research Center, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan.
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Xie W, Hong Z, Li B, Huang B, Dong S, Cai Y, Ruan L, Xu Q, Mou L, Zhang Y. Influence of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on fat accumulation in patients with diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials. J Diabetes Complications 2024; 38:108743. [PMID: 38688179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the impact of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in individuals with diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or obesity. METHODS A search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science until October 2023 identified 13 Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) meeting the inclusion criteria. Bias risk was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias instrument. Statistical analysis utilized standard mean differences (SMD) in Review Manager 5.4. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed. This study used the protocol registered with the Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (INPLASY2023110020). RESULTS GLP-1RA treatment significantly reduced VAT (SMD -0.55, 95 % CI [-0.90, -0.19]), SAT (SMD -0.59, 95 % CI [-0.99, -0.19]), body weight (SMD -1.07, 95 % CI [-1.67, -0.47]), and body mass index (BMI) (SMD -1.10, 95 % CI [-1.74, -0.47]) compared to controls. Heterogeneity was observed for VAT (I2 = 79 %, P < 0.01), SAT (I2 = 73 %, P < 0.01), body weight (I2 = 82 %, P < 0.01), and BMI (I2 = 82 %, P < 0.01). No publication bias was detected for VAT (P = 0.57) and SAT (P = 0.18). GLP-1RA treatment improved fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial glucose (PPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis highlights GLP-1RAs' potential to reduce fat accumulation, body weight, and BMI and improve glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus and NAFLD or obesity. These findings supported using GLP-1RAs as promising therapeutic agents to address abnormal adipose tissue distribution and metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanrun Xie
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hong
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Bo Li
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Baoliang Huang
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Shaobin Dong
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Yuqi Cai
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Lingyan Ruan
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Qianhui Xu
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Lunpan Mou
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
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Fan S, Raychaudhuri S, Ogedengbe O, Mochama V, Obanda DN. Impacts of the vegetable Urtica dioica on the intestinal T and B cell phenotype and macronutrient absorption in C57BL/6J mice with diet-induced obesity. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 129:109634. [PMID: 38561081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In two previous studies, we showed that supplementing a high-fat (HF) diet with 9% w/w U. dioica protects against fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and dysbiosis. This follow-up study in C57BL6/J mice aimed at testing: (i) the efficacy of the vegetable at lower doses: 9%, 4%, and 2%, (ii) the impact on intestinal T and B cell phenotype and secretions, (iii) impact on fat and glucose absorption during excess nutrient provision. At all doses, the vegetable attenuated HF diet induced fat accumulation in the mesenteric, perirenal, retroperitoneal fat pads, and liver but not the epididymal fat pad. The 2% dose protected against insulin resistance, prevented HF diet-induced decreases in intestinal T cells, and IgA+ B cells and activated T regulatory cells (Tregs) when included both in the LF and HF diets. Increased Tregs correlated with reduced inflammation; prevented increases in IL6, IFNγ, and TNFα in intestine but not expression of TNFα in epididymal fat pad. Testing of nutrient absorption was performed in enteroids. Enteroids derived from mice fed the HF diet supplemented with U. dioica had reduced absorption of free fatty acids and glucose compared to enteroids from mice fed the HF diet only. In enteroids, the ethanolic extract of U. dioica attenuated fat absorption and downregulated the expression of the receptor CD36 which facilitates uptake of fatty acids. In conclusion, including U. dioica in a HF diet, attenuates fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and inflammation. This is achieved by preventing dysregulation of immune homeostasis and in the presence of excess fat, reducing fat and glucose absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Fan
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Samnhita Raychaudhuri
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Opeyemi Ogedengbe
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Victor Mochama
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Diana N Obanda
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA.
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Lu T, Kan J, He X, Zou J, Sheng D, Xue Y, Wang Y, Xu L. Gastric Submucosal Fat Accumulation Is Associated with Insulin Resistance in Patients with Obesity. Obes Surg 2024; 34:534-541. [PMID: 38191965 PMCID: PMC10811089 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-07014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ectopic fat accumulation plays a significant role in obesity-related metabolic dysfunction, and few studies have reported an association between ectopic gastric fat and metabolic risk factors. We aim to fulfill this need by assessing the degree of gastric submucosal fat accumulation in pathologic sections of 190 sleeve gastrectomy specimens. METHODS Study patients were divided into two groups (D1 and D2) based on whether fat accumulation exceeded 1/3 of the submucosa of the stomach. Demographic and metabolic risk factors were compared between the two groups. Metabolic risk variables that might be associated with the degree of fat accumulation were screened in the original cohort. After balancing for possible confounders, the robustness of the correlations was assessed using binary and conditional logistic regression analyses. RESULTS All study patients had fat accumulation in the submucosa of the stomach. C-reactive protein (CRP), body mass index (BMI), visceral fat area (VFA), and insulin resistance (IR) were higher in the D2 group than in the D1 group in the original cohort (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI and IR may be associated with increased fat accumulation. After balancing variables other than obesity indicators and IR using propensity score matching, BMI and IR remained significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). Further analysis of the matched cohort using two logistic regression analyses showed that IR was an independent risk factor for increased fat accumulation. CONCLUSION This study indicated that gastric submucosal fat accumulation was prevalent in patients with obesity and was associated with IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianxun Kan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xue He
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jialai Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dandan Sheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yating Xue
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lijian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Spaulding MO, Hoffman JR, Madu GC, Lord MN, Iizuka CS, Myers KP, Noble EE. Adolescent food insecurity in female rodents and susceptibility to diet-induced obesity. Physiol Behav 2024; 273:114416. [PMID: 38000529 PMCID: PMC10790603 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Food insecurity is defined as having limited or uncertain access to nutritious foods, and adolescent food insecurity is associated with obesity and disordered eating behaviors in humans. We developed a rodent model of adolescent food insecurity to determine whether adolescent food insecurity per se promotes increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity and altered eating behaviors during adulthood. Female juvenile Wistar rats were singly housed and assigned to three experimental diets: food-secure with standard chow (CHOW), food-secure with a high-fat/sugar Western diet (WD), and food-insecure with WD (WD-FI). Food-secure rats (CHOW and WD) received meals at fixed feeding times (9:00, 13:00, and 16:00). WD-FI rats received meals at unpredictable intervals of the above-mentioned feeding times but had isocaloric amounts of food to WD. We investigated the impact of adolescent food insecurity on motivation for sucrose (Progressive Ratio), approach-avoidance behavior for palatable high-fat food (Approach-Avoidance task), and susceptibility to weight gain and hyperphagia when given an obesogenic choice diet. Secondary outcomes were the effects of food insecurity during development on anxiety-like behaviors (Open Field and Elevated Plus Maze) and learning and memory function (Novel Location Recognition task). Rodents with adolescent food insecurity showed a greater trend of weight gain and significantly increased fat mass and liver fat accumulation on an obesogenic diet in adulthood, despite no increases in motivation for sucrose or high-fat food. These data suggest that adolescent unpredictable food access increases susceptibility to diet-induced fat gain without impacting food motivation or food intake in female rodents. These findings are among a small group of recent studies modeling food insecurity in rodents and suggest that adolescent food insecurity in females may have long-term implications for metabolic physiology later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai O Spaulding
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Jessica R Hoffman
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Grace C Madu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Magen N Lord
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Caroline Soares Iizuka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Kevin P Myers
- Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, United States
| | - Emily E Noble
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
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Zhu H, Sun Q, Tang H, Chen Y, Tan K, Xu X, Wang S. A novel rat model of sarcopenic obesity based on aging and high-fat diet consumption. Biogerontology 2023; 24:235-244. [PMID: 36607484 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-10010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is defined as a combination of obesity and sarcopenia, leading to serious health consequences. However, a lack of suitable animal models has hampered research into this disorder. 12-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were given a high fat content (HFD, SO group) or standard diet (DC groups) for 28 weeks (until 20 months of age). In addition, 2-month-old rats were fed a standard diet as an age control (YC group) until they reached 10 months of age. At the end of the intervention, quadriceps development in the rats was monitored using magnetic resonance examinations and MR spectroscopy. Age-related changes in muscle mass and strength, histopathology, HFD-induced adiposity, and metabolic disturbances were compared between the three groups. Comparing with DC group, rats of SO (20 months, and fed by high-fat diet) exhibited a more prominent loss of muscle mass and strength, a more pronounced decline in myofibre number, IFM, increase in myocyte apoptosis accompanied with increased visceral fat, remarkable glycolipid metabolic disorders, and insulin resistance. However, DC group rats (20 months with standard diet) only showed a decline in quadriceps cross-sectional area/body weight, forelimb grip strength, myofibre cross-sectional area and number, and intermyofibrillar mitochondria number (IFM), increased myocyte apoptosis, without significant metabolic disorder compared with YC group rats. After verifying, SO animal model was successfully set up by HFD induced obesity concomitant with aging-related sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhu
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huiyu Tang
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanyu Chen
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ke Tan
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xu Xu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Xie P, Hu C, Azad MAK, He Q, Zhu Q, Kong X. Dynamic alteration in the gut microbiota and metabolome of Huanjiang mini-pigs during pregnancy. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:385. [PMID: 36324169 PMCID: PMC9632071 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03477-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal gut microbiota and metabolites are associated with their offspring's health. Our previous study showed that maternal body fat percentage increased from days 45 to 110 of gestation in a Huanjiang mini-pig model. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the changes in gut microbiota composition and microbial metabolite profile of sows from days 45 to 110 of gestation. RESULTS Twenty-four Huanjiang mini-pigs with average body weight were assigned for sample collection during early- (day 45 of pregnancy), mid- (day 75 of pregnancy), and late-pregnancy (day 110 of pregnancy). The results showed that the relative abundances of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Romboutsia, Turicibacter, and Streptococcus in jejunal contents were higher at day 110 than those at day 45 or 75 of gestation. In the ileum, the relative abundance of Streptococcus was higher (P < 0.05) at day 110 of gestation, as well as the metabolism function of the jejunal and ileal microbiota. The ileal butyrate and acetate concentrations were higher at days 45 and 110 of gestation, respectively. In the colon, the concentrations of cadaverine and spermine were higher (P < 0.05) at days 45 and 110 of gestation, respectively. Metabolomic analyses demonstrated that the metabolic pathways, including D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, phenylalanine/tyrosine/tryptophan biosynthesis, and alanine/aspartate/glutamate metabolism changed during gestation. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results showed that gut microbiota composition and microbial metabolites changed dramatically from early to late pregnancy in a Huanjiang mini-pig model. These findings will provide new targets in formulating maternal nutritional interventions to alleviate the adverse effects during pregnancy on offspring health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Xie
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 410125 Changsha, China
| | - Chengjun Hu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 410125 Changsha, China ,grid.453499.60000 0000 9835 1415Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China
| | - Md. Abul Kalam Azad
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 410125 Changsha, China
| | - Qinghua He
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060 Shenzhen, Guangdong China
| | - Qian Zhu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 410125 Changsha, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 410125 Changsha, China
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Sakai M, Sohda M, Uchida S, Yamaguchi A, Watanabe T, Saito H, Ubukata Y, Nakazawa N, Kuriyama K, Sano A, Ogawa H, Yokobori T, Shirabe K, Saeki H. Impact of the Ratio of Visceral Fat Area (VFA) to Psoas Muscle Area (PMA) (V/P Ratio) on Survival for Surgically Resected Esophageal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:10.1245/s10434-022-11497-1. [PMID: 35258768 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-11497-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The synergic effects of muscle mass reduction with excess body adiposity in surgically resected esophageal cancer (EC) patients remains controversial, especially in non-obese patients. METHODS One hundred and six patients with EC who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2014 were included in this study. Reduction in muscle mass and excess body adiposity were defined as the ratio of visceral fat area (VFA) to psoas muscle area (PMA) (V/P ratio) on the same axial computed tomography (CT) slice at the third lumbar vertebra (L3). RESULTS A high V/P ratio was associated with greater age (p = 0.03), higher body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001), higher VFA (p < 0.001), and increased age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) (p = 0.005). Multivariate analysis revealed a high V/P ratio to be an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival (OS) in EC patients who underwent surgery (p = 0.003). The prognostic value of the V/P ratio was still significant in EC patients with a BMI < 25. CONCLUSIONS A high V/P ratio was associated with poor survival in surgically resected EC patients, even in non-obese patients. The V/P ratio as a surrogate marker of relative muscle mass reduction and fat accumulation may have prognostic value in EC patients regardless of body composition differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Sakai
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Makoto Sohda
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Uchida
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Arisa Yamaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saito
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yasunari Ubukata
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakazawa
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kengo Kuriyama
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sano
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Ogawa
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
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9
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Ma X, Hou M, Liu C, Li J, Ba Q, Wang H. Cadmium accelerates bacterial oleic acid production to promote fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Hazard Mater 2022; 421:126723. [PMID: 34325294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental cadmium, with a high dietary intake and long biological half-life, is a severe health risk by harming physiological function directly or through gut microbiota. However, the toxicity mechanisms of environmental cadmium on microbes and host systems remain unclear. Herein, we established three C. elegans and E. coli cultivated systems to investigate the vital role of microorganisms in cadmium-induced lipid toxicity and depict the interaction between environmental cadmium, bacteria, and the host. We found that only nematodes in the system with live bacteria, rather than UV-killed bacteria or no bacteria, could be induced to fat accumulation by cadmium exposure, suggesting that bacteria mediated the effect of environmental cadmium on body fat. Cadmium caused perturbation of metabolite in bacteria, most notably oleic acid, elevated the synthesis genes expression, and enhanced the bacterial oleic acid production, which further promoted the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and fat deposition in C. elegans regardless of the cultivated system. Finally, we showed the potential protective effect of Vitamin D3 which prevented cadmium- or oleic acid-induced fat storage significantly. In conclusion, this study illustrates the mechanism underlying cadmium-induced lipid accumulation in body through bacterial metabolites and reveals the interplay between environmental cadmium, microorganisms, and the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200025, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200025, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chaobao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jingquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qian Ba
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Chen C, Fang S, Wei H, He M, Fu H, Xiong X, Zhou Y, Wu J, Gao J, Yang H, Huang L. Prevotella copri increases fat accumulation in pigs fed with formula diets. Microbiome 2021; 9:175. [PMID: 34419147 PMCID: PMC8380364 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive fat accumulation of pigs is undesirable, as it severely affects economic returns in the modern pig industry. Studies in humans and mice have examined the role of the gut microbiome in host energy metabolism. Commercial Duroc pigs are often fed formula diets with high energy and protein contents. Whether and how the gut microbiome under this type of diet regulates swine fat accumulation is largely unknown. RESULTS In the present study, we systematically investigated the correlation of gut microbiome with pig lean meat percentage (LMP) in 698 commercial Duroc pigs and found that Prevotella copri was significantly associated with fat accumulation of pigs. Fat pigs had significantly higher abundance of P. copri in the gut. High abundance of P. copri was correlated with increased concentrations of serum metabolites associated with obesity, e.g., lipopolysaccharides, branched chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids, and the metabolites of arachidonic acid. Host intestinal barrier permeability and chronic inflammation response were increased. A gavage experiment using germ-free mice confirmed that the P. copri isolated from experimental pigs was a causal species increasing host fat accumulation and altering serum metabolites. Colon, adipose tissue, and muscle transcriptomes in P. copri-gavaged mice indicated that P. copri colonization activated host chronic inflammatory responses through the TLR4 and mTOR signaling pathways and significantly upregulated the expression of the genes related to lipogenesis and fat accumulation, but attenuated the genes associated with lipolysis, lipid transport, and muscle growth. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results proposed that P. copri in the gut microbial communities of pigs fed with commercial formula diets activates host chronic inflammatory responses by the metabolites through the TLR4 and mTOR signaling pathways, and increases host fat deposition significantly. The results provide fundamental knowledge for reducing fat accumulation in pigs through regulating the gut microbial composition. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaoming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Maozhang He
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lusheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 People’s Republic of China
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Luo JJ, Wen FJ, Qiu D, Wang SZ. Nesfatin-1 in lipid metabolism and lipid-related diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 522:23-30. [PMID: 34389280 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nesfatin-1, an anorexic neuropeptide discovered in 2006, is widely distributed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. It has been shown to be involved in the regulation of food intake and lipid metabolism, inhibiting fat accumulation, accelerating lipid decomposition, and in general, inhibiting the development of lipid-related diseases, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome. Potential mechanisms of Nesfatin-1 action in lipid metabolism and lipid-related diseases will be discussed as well as its role as a biomarker in cardiovascular disease. This review expected to provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and prevention of clinically related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Luo
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Feng-Jiao Wen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Department of Cell Biology and Geneties, University of South China, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Dan Qiu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Shu-Zhi Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
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Narimatsu Y, Fukumura K, Iwakoshi-Ukena E, Mimura A, Furumitsu M, Ukena K. Subcutaneous infusion of neurosecretory protein GL promotes fat accumulation in mice. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07502. [PMID: 34296011 PMCID: PMC8282975 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently identified a novel small secretory protein, neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), in the vertebrate hypothalamus. We revealed that NPGL is involved in energy homeostasis using intracerebroventricular infusion in rodents. However, the effect of NPGL through peripheral administration remains to be elucidated and may be important for therapeutic use. In this study, we performed subcutaneous infusion of NPGL in mice for 12 days and found that it accelerated fat accumulation in white adipose tissue (WAT) without increasing in body mass gain and food intake. The mass of the testis, liver, kidney, heart, and gastrocnemius muscle remained unchanged. Analysis of mRNA expression by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that proopiomelanocortin was suppressed in the hypothalamus by the infusion of NPGL. We observed a decreasing tendency in serum triglyceride levels due to NPGL, while serum glucose, insulin, leptin, and free fatty acids levels were unchanged. These results suggest that the peripheral administration of NPGL induces fat accumulation in WAT via the hypothalamus.
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Seong JM, Park CE, Gi MY, Cha JA, Jung EY, Lee JH, Sung HH, Yang SB, Lee B, Lim JH, Yoon H. Relationship between uric acid and lipid accumulation product index by gender in Korean adults: The 2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Prim Care Diabetes 2021; 15:541-547. [PMID: 33358135 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study assesses the relationship between uric acid (UA) and lipid accumulation product index (LAP) by gender among Korean adults. METHODS Data from 5670 subjects (2463 men and 3207 women) in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-1) 2016 were analyzed. LAP was divided into four quartiles (Q1-Q4). RESULTS There were several key findings. Compared with Q1, in the overall population, the odds ratios (ORs) of hyperuricemia (UA ≥ 7.0 mg/dL in men or UA ≥ 6.0 mg/dL in women) were significantly higher in Q2 [1.847 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.325-2.575)], Q3 [3.050 (95% CI, 2.216-4.198)], and Q4 of LAP [6.367 (95% CI, 4.658-8.704)]. In men, the ORs of hyperuricemia were significantly higher in Q2 [1.658 (95% CI, 1.162-2.367)], Q3 [2.341 (95% CI, 1.656-3.308)], and Q4 [4.633 (95% CI, 3.290-6.525)] than Q1. In women, the ORs of hyperuricemia were significantly higher in Q2 [2.254 (95% CI, 1.085-4.680)], Q3 [5.402 (95% CI, 2.735-10.668)], and Q4 [11.025 (95% CI, 5.620-21.628)] than Q1. In addition, UA levels were positively associated with LAP level in men (r = 0.218; p < 0.001), women (r = 0.261; p < 0.001), and the overall population (r = 0.260; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Hyperuricemia was positively associated with LAP in Korean men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Min Seong
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Kangwon National University, Samcheok-si, Gangwon-do, 25949, South Korea
| | - Chang Eun Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Namseoul University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 31020, South Korea
| | - Mi Young Gi
- Department of Nursing, Christian College of Nursing, Gwangju, 61662, South Korea
| | - Ju Ae Cha
- Department of Nursing, Chunnam Technouniversity, Gokseong-gun, Jeollanam-do, 57500, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Jung
- Department of Health & Medical Administration, Chosun College of Science & Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Sung
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dongnam Health University, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi-do, 16328, South Korea
| | - Seung Bum Yang
- Department of Medical Non-commissioned Officer, Wonkwang Health Science University, 514, Iksan-daero, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, South Korea
| | - Bae Lee
- Department of Early Childhood Education, Wonkwang Health Science University, 514, Iksan-daero, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, South Korea
| | - Jae Heon Lim
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wonkwang Health Science University, 345-13, Sinyong-dong, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, South Korea
| | - Hyun Yoon
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, South Korea.
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Jiao A, Yu B, He J, Yu J, Zheng P, Luo Y, Luo J, Yan H, Wang Q, Wang H, Mao X, Chen D. Sodium acetate, propionate, and butyrate reduce fat accumulation in mice via modulating appetite and relevant genes. Nutrition 2021; 87-88:111198. [PMID: 33761444 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acetate, propionate, and butyrate, three of the most common short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can be produced when some non-digestible carbohydrates enter the large intestine and undergo bacterial fermentation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these three SCFAs on appetite regulation and lipid metabolism and to determine the extent that appetite contributes to the beneficial influences of SCFAs. METHODS In a 35-d study, 48 C57BL/6J male mice were randomly allocated to six groups: control; 5% sodium acetate; 5% sodium propionate; 5% sodium butyrate; pair fed 1; and pair fed 2. RESULTS The study showed that dietary supplementation of sodium acetate reduced serum triacylglycerol, free fatty acids, glucose, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels (P < 0.05), increased serum glucagon-like peptide 1, and leptin levels (P < 0.05), downregulated the mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, and lipoprotein lipase (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expressions of fasting-induced adipose factor, nuclear respiratory factor 1, mitochondrial transcription factor A, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9, cytochrome-C oxidase IV and free fatty acid receptor 2 (P < 0.05). Sodium propionate also reduced serum IL-1β level (P < 0.05), increased serum peptide YY level (P < 0.05), downregulated the mRNA expressions of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expression of transmembrane protein 26 (P < 0.05). Additionally, sodium butyrate decreased average daily feed intake (P < 0.05) downregulated the mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHc) Ⅱb (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expressions of lipase hormone-sensitive, MyHC Ⅱa and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α (P < 0.05). Moreover, the metabolic benefits of SCFAs were partly attributed to the reduction of feed intake. CONCLUSION Taken together, SCFAs could reduce appetite and fat accumulation via modulating relevant genes and hormones, which might further illustrate the potential mechanisms that underlay the effects of SCFAs on lipid homeostasis and control of body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anran Jiao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Quyuan Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huifen Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China.
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Joung H, Chu J, Kim BK, Choi IS, Kim W, Park TS. Probiotics ameliorate chronic low-grade inflammation and fat accumulation with gut microbiota composition change in diet-induced obese mice models. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1203-1213. [PMID: 33443636 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports suggest that obesity is caused by dysbiosis of gut microbiota and that it could be prevented or treated through improvement in the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. In this study, high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice were orally administered with Lactobacillus plantarum K50 (K50) isolated from kimchi and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) as a positive control for 12 weeks. Body weight and weights of epididymal, mesenteric, and subcutaneous adipose tissues and the liver were significantly reduced in K50-treated HFD-fed mice compared with HFD-fed mice. The serum triglyceride level was decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was increased in K50-treated HFD-fed mice. The gut microbiota analysis showed that the L. plantarum K50 treatment reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and improved the gut microbiota composition. In addition, the level of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in K50-treated HFD-fed mice was higher than that in HFD-fed mice. A remarkable reduction in the fat content of adipose tissue and liver was also observed in K50-treated HFD-fed mice, accompanied by improvements in gene expression related to lipid metabolism, adipogenesis, and SCFA receptors. K50-treated mice had downregulated expression levels of genes and proteins such as TNFα and IL-1β. Our findings confirm that L. plantarum K50 could be a good candidate for ameliorating fat accumulation and low-grade inflammation in metabolic tissues through gut microbiota improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunchae Joung
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, CKDBiO Research Institute, Ansan, 15064, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeryang Chu
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, CKDBiO Research Institute, Ansan, 15064, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Kook Kim
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, CKDBiO Research Institute, Ansan, 15064, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Suk Choi
- Research Institute, CKDBiO Research Institute, Ansan, 15064, Republic of Korea
| | - Woosang Kim
- Research Institute, CKDBiO Research Institute, Ansan, 15064, Republic of Korea
- Department of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sik Park
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea.
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B G M, Manjappara UV. Obestatin and Rosiglitazone Differentially Modulate Lipid Metabolism Through Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-γ (PPARγ) in Pre-adipose and Mature 3T3-L1 Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:73-85. [PMID: 33432549 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-020-00958-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Obestatin is a 23-residue peptide, obtained after posttranslational modification of preproghrelin. It has been shown, in Swiss albino mice, to upregulate glycerolipid metabolism and PPARγ signaling. It was opined that the by-products of increased glycerolipid metabolism triggered PPARγ signaling. It was hypothesized that obestatin upon co-administration with a full agonist of PPARγ should reveal the comparative significance or possible synergy in PPARγ signaling. We postulated they would act synergistically by obestatin increasing PPARγ expression and rosiglitazone enhancing PPARγ activity. We evaluated the combination in DIO-C57BL/6 mice and observed that obestatin completely reversed the increase in subcutaneous fat brought about by rosiglitazone. To understand their role at the adipocyte level, 3T3-L1 cells were treated with a combination of obestatin and rosiglitazone during (1) initiation of differentiation and (2) after 14 days from initiation of differentiation when the adipocytes were mature. Interestingly, their influence was mainly adipogenic and showed double lipid accumulation when estimated 14 days after initiation of differentiation. There was an upregulation of Pparγ by fourfold, Hsl by eightfold, Glut4 by fourfold, Leptin by 2.7-fold, Atgl by sixfold, Fasn by sixfold, and Fabp4 by sevenfold at the mRNA level, whereas in mature adipocytes there was a significant decrease in fat accumulation by 20%. There was downregulation of Pparγ, Hsl, Lpl, and Fasn by 0.5-fold at the mRNA level. These results show that the combined influence of obestatin and rosiglitazone is significant and the outcome is dependent on the metabolic stage of the adipocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna B G
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India
| | - Uma V Manjappara
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India.
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Han X, Meng F, Cao X, Du X, Bu G, Kong F, Huang A, Zeng X. FSH promotes fat accumulation by activating PPARγ signaling in surgically castrated, but not immunocastrated, male pigs. Theriogenology 2020; 160:10-17. [PMID: 33166850 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was recently implicated as a novel regulator of fat accumulation. Surgical castration causes high FSH concentrations and increases fat accumulation, whereas immunocastration results in low FSH concentrations and less fat in immunocastrated boars versus barrows. However, detailed information regarding the role of FSH in regulation of fat accumulation in male pigs is unclear. First, expression of FSH receptor was confirmed (real-time quantitative PCR) in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues (SAT and VAT, respectively) of boars. Then, surgical castration (high FSH model) was compared to immunocastration (low FSH model) to investigate potential roles of FSH in adipogenesis and fat accumulation. High FSH concentrations after surgical castration activated PPARγ signaling by upregulating expression of CREB (P < 0.05), and then recruited an array of PPARγ target adipogenic genes, including transcription factor (C/EBPα), long-chain fatty acid uptake (LPL), fatty acid de novo synthesis (FASN, ACACA) and lipid droplet formation (PLIN1) in both SAT and VAT, promoting fat accumulation in barrows. In contrast, much lower serum FSH concentrations in immunocastrates attenuated (P < 0.05) expressions of PPARγ and PPARγ target genes in both SAT and VAT, resulting in less fat accumulation in immunocastrated boars versus barrows. We concluded that the substantially elevated FSH concentrations in barrows promoted fat accumulation by activating the PPARγ signaling pathway in adipose tissues, whereas immunocastrates accumulated less fat due to low FSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfa Han
- Isotope Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyan Meng
- Isotope Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Cao
- Isotope Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Du
- Isotope Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixian Bu
- Isotope Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanli Kong
- Isotope Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Huang
- Isotope Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianyin Zeng
- Isotope Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, People's Republic of China.
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Obanda DN, Husseneder C, Raggio AM, Page R, Marx B, Stout RW, Guice J, Coulon D, Keenan MJ. Abundance of the species Clostridium butyricum in the gut microbiota contributes to differences in obesity phenotype in outbred Sprague-Dawley CD rats. Nutrition 2020; 78:110893. [PMID: 32721767 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gut microbiota profiles contribute to differences in obesity phenotype. We examined the abundance of the species Clostridium butyricum in relation to obesity phenotype. METHODS In outbred Sprague -Dawley rats we examined effects of dietary fat, resistant starch (RS), and a microbiota transplant on obesity phenotype. Using targeted qPCR, we examined the abundance of total gut bacteria and C. butyricum in relation to the propensity of obesity prone and obesity resistant rats to accumulate abdominal fat. RESULTS Before inclusion of dietary RS, obesity resistant (OR) rats had higher amounts of total bacteria, and C. butyricum compared to obesity prone (OP) rats (P < 0.005 in study I, P < 0.0001 in study II). A high fat diet (HF) lowered C. butyricum levels while RS had no effect. Dietary RS elicited robust fermentation and increased total bacteria only in OP rats. In preparation for the transplant, antibiotics were administered to recipient rats. Four weeks thereafter, total bacteria levels were restored but, C. butyricum levels were not. The transplant between the two phenotypes had no effect on abundance of C. butyricum and obesity phenotype. CONCLUSIONS While C. butyricum is a known saccharolytic, its proliferation is not enhanced by fermentation of resistant starch. C. butyricum maybe one of the species that constitute a core microbiota involved in energy storage and metabolism through mechanisms that are not yet known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana N Obanda
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, College Park, Maryland, USA..
| | - Claudia Husseneder
- Entomology, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Anne M Raggio
- Nutrition and Food Sciences/Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ryan Page
- Nutrition and Food Sciences/Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Brian Marx
- Experimental Statistics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Rhett W Stout
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, LSU A & M, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Diana Coulon
- Nutrition and Food Sciences/Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Michael J Keenan
- Nutrition and Food Sciences/Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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Chang V, Meuti ME. Circadian transcription factors differentially regulate features of the adult overwintering diapause in the Northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 121:103365. [PMID: 32247760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The short days of late summer and early fall are the environmental cues that most temperate insects and other animals use to predict winter's arrival. Although it is still unclear precisely how insects measure daylength, there is mounting evidence that the circadian clock regulates seasonal responses including photoperiodic diapause. Females of the Northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens, enter an adult reproductive diapause in response to short daylengths. While in this state, females divert their resources from reproduction to survival, arresting egg follicle development and increasing fat content. Here, we characterized the expression profile of two circadian transcription factors, vrille (vri) and Par domain protein 1 (Pdp1), as well as genes downstream of the clock, takeout (to) and Nocturnin (Noc) and under different seasonal conditions. We saw that while vri mRNA oscillated under both long day and short day conditions, Pdp1 expression oscillated only under long day conditions and was constitutively upregulated in diapausing females. We saw similar expression profiles for to and Noc, suggesting that PDP1 might regulate their expression or that Pdp1, to and Noc might be regulated by the same transcription factor. We suppressed vri and Pdp1 using RNA interference. dsRNA against vri provided inconsistent results, sometimes stimulating autogenous egg follicle development in both long and short day-reared females, and other times had no effect. In contrast, knocking down Pdp1 prevented short day-reared females from accumulating fat reserves, but increased expression of to and Noc. Taken together, these data suggest that the circadian transcription factors Vri and Pdp1 may independently regulate signaling pathways underlying arrested egg follicle development and fat accumulation in diapausing females of Cx. pipiens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Chang
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 2021 Coffey Rd., Room 216 Kottman Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Megan E Meuti
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 2021 Coffey Rd., Room 216 Kottman Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Ma J, Feng J, Zhou X. Long non-coding RNA HAGLROS regulates lipid metabolism reprogramming in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma via the mTOR signaling pathway. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 115:104466. [PMID: 32446859 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Alternation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is implicated in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) development. HAGLROS is a lncRNA with a length of 699 bp, which is involved in the progression of various cancers. But the mechanism of HAGLROS in ICC remains unknown. In this study, the sh-HAGLROS-1 or sh-HAGLROS-2 was transfected into QBC939 cells, and overexpressing HAGLROS vector was transfected into KMCH cells. HAGLROS expression in ICC tissues and cell lines was detected, and its association with ICC prognosis was further analyzed. Lipid accumulation and lipid-related indicators (TG, LDL-C, TC and HDLC) in QBC939 and KMCH cells were measured. ICC cell viability, invasion and migration were measured. Western blot analysis was used to detect levels of the mTOR axis-related proteins and autophagy-related proteins (LC3I, LC3II, Beclin and P62). The levels of serum lipids and SREBP1 positive expression in transplanted tumors of nude mice were detected. HAGLROS was highly expressed in ICC and negatively correlated with prognosis. QBC939 cells with knocking down HAGLROS exhibited reduced lipid-related protein levels, blocked ICC cellular processes, inactivated mTOR axis, and increased autophagy. QBC939 cells with overexpressing HAGLROS showed opposite trends. The lipid-related protein levels in serum of nude mice and SREBP1 positive expression in transplanted tumors were diminished. Taken together, sh-HAGLROS inactivated the mTOR axis and promoted autophagy, thereby improving lipid metabolism reprogramming in ICC. This study may offer novel ICC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, PR China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, PR China.
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21
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Ling Y, Teng LL, Hua J, Li DS, Luo SH, Liu YC, Liu Y, Li SH. Leucosceptroid B from glandular trichomes of Leucosceptrum canum reduces fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans through suppressing unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Chin J Nat Med 2019; 17:892-9. [PMID: 31882042 DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(19)30109-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity that is highly associated with numerous metabolic diseases has become a global health issue nowdays. Plant sesterterpenoids are an important group of natural products with great potential; thus, their bioactivities deserve extensive exploration. RNA-seq analysis indicated that leucosceptroid B, a sesterterpenoid previously discovered from the glandular trichomes of Leucosceptrum canum, significantly regulated the expression of 10 genes involved in lipid metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans. Furthermore, leucosceptroid B was found to reduce fat storage, and downregulate the expression of two stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) genes fat-6 and fat-7, and a fatty acid elongase gene elo-2 in wild-type C. elegans. In addition, leucosceptroid B significantly decreased fat accumulation in both fat-6 and fat-7 mutant worms but did not affect the fat storage of fat-6; fat-7 double mutant. These findings indicated that leucosceptroid B reduced fat storage depending on the downregulated expression of fat-6, fat-7 and elo-2 and thereby inhibiting the biosynthesis of the corresponding unsaturated fatty acid. These findings provide new insights into the development and utilization of plant sesterterpenoids as potential antilipemic agents.
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Han KH, Ohashi S, Sasaki K, Nagata R, Pelpolage S, Fukuma N, Reed JD, Shimada KI, Kadoya N, Fukushima M. Dietary adzuki bean paste dose-dependently reduces visceral fat accumulation in rats fed a normal diet. Food Res Int 2020; 130:108890. [PMID: 32156348 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the dose-dependent effect of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) paste (ABP) on visceral fat accumulation in rats. ABP is a rich source of indigestible carbohydrates (18.5%) with fiber and resistant starch (RS) contents of 14.5% and 4.0%, respectively. Animals were fed one of the following diets, control (CON), 30% ABP or 58.9% ABP for 28 days. The daily dietary energy intake was lowered (p < 0.05) and reduced visceral fat accumulation and lower serum lipid levels were observed in ABP fed groups. ABP consumption dose-dependently increased (p < 0.05) the daily fecal lipid and fecal acidic sterol excretions. On the other hand, cecal content and fecal moisture content in the 58.9% ABP group were greater (p < 0.05) than the CON group, while there was no significant difference between the two ABP fed groups. Both 30% and 58.9% ABP diets had significantly (p < 0.05) higher contents of cecal acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids, and lowered cecal pH, independently of the ABP dose. Microbial community data of rats fed ABP diets exhibited higher alpha-diversities than the rats fed CON diet, based on the Shannon Index and the number of observed species index, where the two ABP groups exhibited a similar alpha diversity. The weighted UniFrac-based principal coordinate analysis plot of cecal microbial community data showed that the ABP had a substantial effect on the cecal microbial composition. Furthermore, cecal bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the ABP supplemented diets decreased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. These findings suggested that the cecal fermentation of fiber and RS in ABP, might have decreased the energy intake, altered the gut microbiota composition, increased fecal lipid output, and thereby reduced fat accumulation in rats.
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Lin Y, Bao B, Yin H, Wang X, Feng A, Zhao L, Nie X, Yang N, Shi GP, Liu J. Peripheral cathepsin L inhibition induces fat loss in C. elegans and mice through promoting central serotonin synthesis. BMC Biol 2019; 17:93. [PMID: 31771567 PMCID: PMC6880508 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0719-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cathepsin L and some other cathepsins have been implicated in the development of obesity in humans and mice. The functional inactivation of the proteases reduces fat accumulation during mammalian adipocyte differentiation. However, beyond degrading extracellular matrix protein fibronectin, the molecular mechanisms by which cathepsins control fat accumulation remain unclear. We now provide evidence from Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse models to suggest a conserved regulatory circuit in which peripheral cathepsin L inhibition lowers fat accumulation through promoting central serotonin synthesis. RESULTS We established a C. elegans model of fat accumulation using dietary supplementation with glucose and palmitic acid. We found that nutrient supplementation elevated fat storage in C. elegans, and along with worm fat accumulation, an increase in the expression of cpl-1 was detected using real-time PCR and western blot. The functional inactivation of cpl-1 reduced fat storage in C. elegans through activating serotonin signaling. Further, knockdown of cpl-1 in the intestine and hypodermis promoted serotonin synthesis in worm ADF neurons and induced body fat loss in C. elegans via central serotonin signaling. We found a similar regulatory circuit in high-fat diet-fed mice. Cathepsin L knockout promoted fat loss and central serotonin synthesis. Intraperitoneal injection of the cathepsin L inhibitor CLIK195 similarly reduced body weight gain and white adipose tissue (WAT) adipogenesis, while elevating brain serotonin level and WAT lipolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation. These effects of inhibiting cathepsin L were abolished by intracranial injection of p-chlorophenylalanine, inhibitor of a rate-limiting enzyme for serotonin synthesis. CONCLUSION This study reveals a previously undescribed molecular mechanism by which peripheral CPL-1/cathepsin L inhibition induces fat loss in C. elegans and mice through promoting central serotonin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Bin Bao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China.
| | - Hao Yin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Airong Feng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Xianqi Nie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Nan Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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Korovljev D, Stajer V, Ostojic J, LeBaron TW, Ostojic SM. Hydrogen-rich water reduces liver fat accumulation and improves liver enzyme profiles in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled pilot trial. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2019; 43:688-93. [PMID: 30982748 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS While non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming the most common liver disease worldwide, its treatment remains elusive. Since metabolic impairment plays a major role in NAFLD pathogenesis, any pharmaceuticals, such as molecular hydrogen (H2), that advance lipid and glucose metabolism could be appropriate to tackle this complex condition. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of 28-day hydrogen-rich water intake on liver fat deposition, body composition and lab chemistry profiles in overweight patients suffering from mild-to-moderate NAFLD. METHODS Twelve overweight outpatients with NAFLD (age 56.2 ± 10.0 years; body mass index 37.7 ± 5.3 kg/m2; 7 women and 5 men) voluntarily participated in this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. All patients were allocated to receive either 1 L per day of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) or placebo water for 28 days. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID NCT03625362). RESULTS Dual-echo MRI revealed that HRW significantly reduced liver fat accumulation in individual liver regions-of-interest at 28-day follow-up, as compared to placebo administration (P < 0.05). Baseline liver fat content was reduced from 284.0 ± 118.1 mM to 256.5 ± 108.3 mM after hydrogen treatment at 28-day follow-up (percent change 2.9%; 95% CI from 0.5 to 5.5). Serum aspartate transaminase levels dropped by 10.0% (95% CI; from -23.2 to 3.4) after hydrogen treatment at 28-day follow-up. No significant differences were observed between treatment groups in either weight or body composition among participants. CONCLUSIONS Although preliminary, the results of this trial perhaps nominate HRW as an adjuvant treatment for mild-to-moderate NAFLD. These observations provide a rationale for further clinical trials to establish safety and efficacy of molecular hydrogen in NAFLD.
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25
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Li C, Ning L, Cui X, Ma X, Li J, Wang Z. Recombinant buckwheat trypsin inhibitor decreases fat accumulation via the IIS pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans. Exp Gerontol 2019; 128:110753. [PMID: 31648012 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Buckwheat trypsin inhibitor (BTI) is a low molecular weight polypeptide that can help to prevent metabolic diseases such as obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Herein, the effects of recombinant BTI (rBTI) on fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans were studied. rBTI prevented fat accumulation under normal and high glucose conditions, and led to significantly shorter body widths without affecting C. elegans feeding behavior. Results also indicate that rBTI altered fat breakdown, synthesis, and accumulation by altering the transcription, expression and activity of key enzymes in lipolysis and fat synthesis. In daf-2 and daf-16 mutants, rBTI did not prevent fat accumulation, indicating that rBTI activity relies on the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IIS) pathway. Overall rBTI may regulate changes in lipolysis and fat synthesis by down-regulating the IIS pathway, which can affect fat accumulation. These findings support the application of rBTI in preventing obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Lina Ning
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jiao Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China.
| | - Zhuanhua Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China.
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Zhi C, Huang J, Wang J, Cao H, Bai Y, Guo J, Su Z. Connection between gut microbiome and the development of obesity. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:1987-98. [PMID: 31367997 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03623-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The potential role of the gut microbiota in various human diseases has attracted considerable attention worldwide. Here, we discuss the vital role of the intestinal microbiota in the development of obesity. First, we describe how the gut microbiota promotes fat accumulation. Additionally, a high-fat diet leads to structural instability among in the gut microbiota, further leading to an increase in endotoxins, which aggravates obesity. We then discuss how gut microbiota metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides, affect the host. Finally, we review several strategies for regulating the intestinal flora.
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Bai J, He Z, Li Y, Jiang X, Yu H, Tan Q. Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate induces the expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis in HepG2 cells. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 69:104-111. [PMID: 31004931 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) is a major bioactive metabolite in the widely used industrial plasticizer diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) that has been found to be toxic to the liver. The aim of this study is to determine whether MEHP exposure can change the expression of fatty acid metabolism-related genes in HepG2 cells, which might be related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The results revealed that exposure to MEHP promoted lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. The levels of intracellular triglycerides in the hepatocytes increased after exposure to 0.8-100 μM MEHP for 24 h and 48 h. The genetic expressions of SREBP-1c, ChREBP, ACC1, FASN, and SCD significantly increased at 6 h after exposure to MEHP. At 24 h, the expression of the SREBP-1c and ChREBP genes remained increased, while the expression of the FASN and SCD genes decreased. At 48 h, the expression of SREBP-1c, ChREBP, ACC1, FASN, and SCD decreased. Furthermore, the levels of proteins including ACC1, FASN, SCD, and ChREBP (except SREBP-1c) increased at 24 h. These findings suggest that MEHP exposure can promote fatty acid synthesis in hepatocytes by regulating the expression of relevant genes and proteins, contributing to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Bai
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yaofu Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xuexia Jiang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Hongmei Yu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Qing Tan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
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Shen P, Zhang R, McClements DJ, Park Y. Nanoemulsion-based delivery systems for testing nutraceutical efficacy using Caenorhabditis elegans: Demonstration of curcumin bioaccumulation and body-fat reduction. Food Res Int 2019; 120:157-166. [PMID: 31000226 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The genome of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans shares many similarities with that of humans and so it is widely used as a model in pharmaceutical and nutritional studies. C. elegans has a small mouth and therefore very fine lipid particles are required to orally deliver hydrophobic nutraceuticals. In this study, a nanoemulsion-based delivery system was developed to deliver curcumin to C. elegans. Nanoemulsion were fabricated with different mean particle diameters (d32 = 150 nm and 300 nm), lipid types (Medium chain triglyceride, corn, and fish oil), and emulsifier types (Tween 80 and whey protein). The auto-fluorescence intensity of curcumin was used as an indicator of curcumin accumulation in C. elegans. The structure and composition of nanoemulsions had a significant influence on curcumin bioaccumulation in C. elegans. Curcumin bioaccumulation increased with increasing droplet size, was found to be higher in nanoemulsion containing corn oil compared with those containing fish oil or MCT, and was higher for droplets coated by whey protein than by Tween 80. The nematodes treated with curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions showed significantly reduced fat accumulation compared to the control group. This study could provide useful information to widen the application of C. elegans in research involving lipophilic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Shen
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Ruojie Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Laboratory for Environmental Health NanoScience, Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Fujii M, Ohno Y, Yamada M, Kamada Y, Miyoshi E. Impact of fatty pancreas and lifestyle on the development of subclinical chronic pancreatitis in healthy people undergoing a medical checkup. Environ Health Prev Med 2019; 24:10. [PMID: 30732577 PMCID: PMC6367838 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-019-0763-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although fat accumulation in human organs is associated with a variety of diseases, there is little evidence about the effect of a fatty pancreas on the development of subclinical chronic pancreatitis over the clinical course. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study from 2008 to 2014 of patients who underwent a medical checkup consultation for fat accumulated in the pancreas. Patients included in the analysis were divided into a non-fatty pancreas group (n = 9710) and fatty pancreas group (n = 223). The primary end point was the odds ratio (OR) for chronic pancreatitis associated with fatty pancreas, which was diagnosed using ultrasonography. We used a multiple logistic regression model to estimate the OR and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Ninety-two people were diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis, including both presumptive and definitive diagnoses. Twelve people were diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis by ultrasonography among the 223 patients with fatty pancreas, and 80 patients among 9710 were diagnosed with non-fatty pancreas. The crude OR was 6.85 (95% CI 3.68, 12.75), and the multiple adjusted OR was 3.96 (95% CI 2.04, 7.66). Conclusions Fat accumulation in the pancreas could be a risk factor for developing subclinical chronic pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Fujii
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yuko Ohno
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamada
- aMs New Otani Clinic, 1-4-1 Shiromi Chuo-ku, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Hirano N, Sakamoto K. Linalool odor stimulation improves heat stress tolerance and decreases fat accumulation in nematodes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:1-7. [PMID: 30200822 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1518699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Aromatherapy uses plant essential oils and fragrant ingredients for relaxation, sleep assistance, and improvement of restlessness related to dementia. Certain aromatic substances increase the life span and stress tolerance of nematodes. We investigated effects of exposure to linalool, a linear chain monoterpenic alcohol that is present in the essential oils of many plants, and its optical isomer, l-linalool, in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nematodes were repelled by the odor of both linalool and l-linalool; however, linalool odor stimulation decreased fat accumulation and increased motility after thermal stress. Analysis of a gene-deficient mutant revealed that the DAF-16 insulin-signaling pathway, which is involved in heat stress tolerance, was enhanced by linalool treatment. Linalool stimulation increased the expression of downstream genes such as sod-3 and hsp-12.6 via DAF-16. We conclude that linalool odor induces a repelling behavior in nematodes, improves heat stress tolerance through the DAF-16 signaling pathway, and affects fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Hirano
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
| | - Kazuichi Sakamoto
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
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Shikano K, Taniuchi S, Iwakoshi-Ukena E, Furumitsu M, Bentley GE, Kriegsfeld LJ, Ukena K. Chronic subcutaneous infusion of neurosecretory protein GM increases body mass gain in chicks. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 265:71-76. [PMID: 29155267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently we discovered a small hypothalamic protein in the chicken, named neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), which is associated with body growth and energy metabolism in birds and rodents. Genome database analysis suggested that the NPGL gene has a paralogous gene in vertebrates, named neurosecretory protein GM (NPGM). However, the biological action of NPGM remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether NPGM affects body growth in chicks. We found that subcutaneous infusion of NPGM for six days increased body mass gain in a dose-dependent manner. Despite the observed increase in body mass, infusion of NPGM did not alter food and water intake. Of note, we observed tendency of mass increase of several peripheral tissues, specifically. When we compared several tissue types, NPGM seemed to induce the largest growth increase in white adipose tissue mass. These results suggest that NPGM may accelerate fat accumulation and body growth. In addition, we analyzed whether NPGM increases body growth through the action of pituitary hormones. However, we observed no significant changes in mRNA expression of pituitary hormones or plasma levels of growth hormone in NPGM-treated chicks. This is the first report describing the biological action of NPGM in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshiro Shikano
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Shusuke Taniuchi
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; Department of Integrative Biology and The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | - Megumi Furumitsu
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - George E Bentley
- Department of Integrative Biology and The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | - Lance J Kriegsfeld
- Department of Psychology and the Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA
| | - Kazuyoshi Ukena
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; Department of Psychology and the Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA.
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Li L, Ge C, Wang D, Yu L, Zhao J, Ma H. Dehydroepiandrosterone reduces accumulation of lipid droplets in primary chicken hepatocytes by biotransformation mediated via the cAMP/PKA-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:625-638. [PMID: 29571766 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is commonly used as a nutritional supplement to control fat deposition, but the mechanism of this action is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that DHEA increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK). Elevated p-AMPK levels resulted in reduced expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, acetyl CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase and enhanced expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-I, ultimately leading to the reduction of lipid droplet accumulation in primary chicken hepatocytes. We found that DHEA activates the cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate/protein kinase A - extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (cAMP/PKA-ERK1/2) signaling pathway, which regulates the conversion of DHEA into testosterone and estradiol by increasing the 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and aromatase protein expression. Importantly, the fat-reducing effects of DHEA are more closely associated with the conversion of DHEA into estradiol than with the action of DHEA itself as an active biomolecule, or to its alternative metabolite, testosterone. Taken together, our results indicate that DHEA is converted into active hormones through activation of the cAMP/PKA-ERK1/2 signaling pathway; the fat-reducing effects of DHEA are achieved through its conversion into estradiol, not testosterone, and not through direct action of DHEA itself, which led to the activation of the p-AMPK in primary chicken hepatocytes. These data provide novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the action of DHEA in preventing fat deposition, and suggest potential applications for DHEA treatment to control fat deposition or as an agent to treat disorders related to lipid metabolism in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongyang Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Dian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitian Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Kikuchi K, Ben Othman M, Sakamoto K. Sterilized bifidobacteria suppressed fat accumulation and blood glucose level. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:1041-1047. [PMID: 29777696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium improve the balance of intestinal microflora and have various physiological functions beneficial to human health. It is not always known whether the ingested microbial cells are viable- or killed. However, even sterilized bacterial cells are functional. Bacterial cell functions are strain-specific and their modes of action are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to elucidate the roles of sterilized bifidobacteria in obesity and lipid metabolism. To this end, mice were orally ingested sterilized bacteria. Male C57BL/6J mice aged 7 wks were raised on a high-fat diet and received oral sterilized bifidobacteria for 4 wks. Although the amount of food they ingested did not change in response to bifidobacteria administration, both weight gain and epididymal body fat mass were significantly reduced. In addition, the elevated blood glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels observed in the mice on the high-fat diet all decreased in response to bifidobacteria treatment. Hepatic triglyceride levels also decreased. Furthermore, oral glucose tolerance and insulin resistance tests indicated that sterilized bifidobacteria improved glucose tolerance and diminished insulin resistance. Sterilized bifidobacteria also decreased blood lipopolysaccharides and altered intestinal flora. The present study indicates that in mice on a high-fat diet, sterilized bifidobacteria suppressed fat accumulation, improved insulin resistance, and lowered blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Mahmoud Ben Othman
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
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Weijler AM, Schmidinger B, Kapiotis S, Laggner H, Hermann M. Oleic acid induces the novel apolipoprotein O and reduces mitochondrial membrane potential in chicken and human hepatoma cells. Biochimie 2018; 147:136-142. [PMID: 29432786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is marked by hepatic fat accumulation and reflects a spectrum of chronic liver diseases associated with obesity, impaired insulin sensitivity and dyslipidemia. Apolipoprotein O (ApoO) is a new member of the plasma apolipoprotein family that may play a role in lipid metabolism and electron transport activity of the mitochondrium. However, its physiological functions have not been elucidated yet. Based on our previous data in a non-mammalian experimental system [1], we hypothesized that hepatic expression of ApoO is tightly linked not only to diet-induced hepatosteatosis, but also to increased lipoprotein-production induced by, e.g., hormones and oxidative stress. To gain insight into a mammalian experimental system, we compared the effects of lipid loading on ApoO regulation in chicken hepatoma LMH cells with those in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. Incubation of the cells with BSA-complexed oleic acid (OA-Alb) induced triglyceride accumulation, but did not affect cell viability. qPCR using specific primer pairs and Western blot analysis with in-house produced rabbit anti-ApoO antisera demonstrated significant increase in ApoO transcript and protein levels in both cell lines. ROS formation due to OA-Alb treatment was only slightly altered in LMH cells, indicating an intact antioxidant defense system of the cells. Oxidative stress applied by addition of H2O2 revealed induction of ApoO transcript and protein level in the same or even higher extent as monitored in the presence of OA-Alb. Upon treatment with estrogen for 24 h quantitative analysis of ApoO transcript and protein revealed increases of ApoO expression supporting the assumption that estrogen affects lipoprotein metabolism at various points. Furthermore, both cell lines showed a significant decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential upon incubation with OA-Alb. Therefore, we assume that our findings support a role of ApoO as an effector of compromised mitochondrial function that likely accompanies the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Weijler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Schmidinger
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stylianos Kapiotis
- The Central Laboratory, Hospital of the Divine Redeemer, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hilde Laggner
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Center of Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcela Hermann
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Yamada S, Kamada N, Amiya T, Nakamoto N, Nakaoka T, Kimura M, Saito Y, Ejima C, Kanai T, Saito H. Gut microbiota-mediated generation of saturated fatty acids elicits inflammation in the liver in murine high-fat diet-induced steatohepatitis. BMC Gastroenterol 2017; 17:136. [PMID: 29187142 PMCID: PMC5708095 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0689-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiota plays crucial roles in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the precise mechanisms by which alterations of the gut microbiota and its metabolism contributing to the pathogenesis of NASH are not yet fully elucidated. Methods Mice were fed with a recently reported new class of high-fat diet (HFD), steatohepatitis-inducing HFD (STHD)-01 for 9 weeks. The composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed by T-RFLP. Luminal metabolome was analyzed using capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE- and LC-TOFMS). Results Mice fed the STHD-01 developed NASH-like pathology within a short period. Treatment with antibiotics prevented the development of NASH by STHD-01. The composition of the gut microbiota and its metabolic activities were markedly perturbed in the STHD-01-fed mice, and antibiotic administration normalized these changes. We identified that long-chain saturated fatty acid and n-6 fatty acid metabolic pathways were significantly altered by STHD-01. Of note, the changes in gut lipidome caused by STHD-01 were mediated by gut microbiota, as the depletion of the gut microbiota could reverse the perturbation of these metabolic pathways. A saturated long-chain fatty acid, palmitic acid, which accumulated in the STHD-01 group, activated liver macrophages and promoted TNF-α expression. Conclusions Lipid metabolism by the gut microbiota, particularly the saturation of fatty acids, affects fat accumulation in the liver and subsequent liver inflammation in NASH. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12876-017-0689-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Yamada
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shiba-Kohen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Takeru Amiya
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakaoka
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shiba-Kohen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Masaki Kimura
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shiba-Kohen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Saito
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shiba-Kohen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Chieko Ejima
- Research Institute, EA Pharma Co. Ltd, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Saito
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shiba-Kohen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan. .,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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36
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Khan S, Jena G. Sodium butyrate reduces insulin-resistance, fat accumulation and dyslipidemia in type-2 diabetic rat: A comparative study with metformin. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 254:124-34. [PMID: 27270450 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidences highlighted that histone deacetylases (HDACs) can deacetylate the histone, various transcription factors and regulatory proteins, which directly or indirectly affect glucose metabolism. The present study aimed to evaluate the comparative effects of sodium butyrate (NaB) and metformin on the glucose homeostasis, insulin-resistance, fat accumulation and dyslipidemia in type-2 diabetic rat. Diabetes was developed in Sprague-Dawley rats by the combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and low dose streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg). NaB at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg twice daily as well as metformin (as a positive control) 150 mg/kg twice daily for 10 consecutive weeks were administered by i.p. and oral route, respectively. NaB treatment significantly reduced the plasma glucose, HbA1c, insulin-resistance, dyslipidemia and gluconeogenesis, which are comparable to metformin treatment. Further, NaB treatment ameliorated the micro- and macro-vesicular steatosis in liver and fat deposition in brown adipose tissue, white adipose tissue (adipocytes hypertrophy) as well as pancreatic beta-cell damage. In the present study, both NaB and metformin inhibited the diabetes-associated increased HDACs activity, thereby increased the acetylation of histone H3 in liver. The present findings demonstrated that NaB and metformin reduced insulin-resistance, dyslipidemia, fat accumulation and gluconeogenesis thereby improved the glucose homeostasis in rat. Thus, NaB might be a promising molecule for the prevention and treatment of type-2 diabetes and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabbir Khan
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
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Schmidinger B, Weijler AM, Schneider WJ, Hermann M. Hepatosteatosis and estrogen increase apolipoprotein O production in the chicken. Biochimie 2016; 127:37-43. [PMID: 27126072 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein O (ApoO) is a recently discovered plasma apolipoprotein that may also play a role in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Possibly due to this complexity, its physiological functions have not been elucidated yet. To gain insight from a non-mammalian experimental system, we have investigated the regulation of ApoO levels in an alternative, well-suited model for studies on lipid metabolism, the chicken. qPCR using specific primer pairs and Western blot analysis with our rabbit anti-chicken ApoO antiserum demonstrated ApoO in the liver of chickens fed a control or a fat-enriched diet, as well as in 2 chicken hepatoma cell lines, LMH cells and the estrogen-responsive LMH-2A cells, under conditions of lipid loading by incubation with BSA-complexed oleic acid. Induced triglyceride accumulation in both the liver and the hepatic cells was associated with significantly increased levels of ApoO mRNA and protein. Furthermore, upon treatment for 24 h with estrogen of the estrogen receptor-expressing LMH-2A cells, quantitative analysis of ApoO transcripts and Western blotting revealed increases of ApoO expression. Finally, upon a single administration of estrogen to roosters that leads to hyperlipidemia, higher hepatic levels of both ApoO transcript and protein were observed within 24 h. Based on these data, we propose that hepatic expression of ApoO is tightly linked not only to diet-induced hepatosteatosis, but also to increased lipoprotein-production induced by, e.g., hormones. The findings support a role of ApoO as an effector of compromised mitochondrial function that likely accompanies the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Schmidinger
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna M Weijler
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang J Schneider
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcela Hermann
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Nomura T, Horikawa M, Shimamura S, Hashimoto T, Sakamoto K. Fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans is mediated by SREBP homolog SBP-1. Genes Nutr 2009; 5:17-27. [PMID: 19936816 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-009-0157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Research into the metabolism of fats may reveal potential targets for developing pharmaceutical approaches to obesity and related disorders. Such research may be limited, however, by the cost and time involved in using mammalian subjects or developing suitable cell lines. To determine whether invertebrates could be used to carry out such research more efficiently, we investigated the ability of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) to accumulate body fat following the consumption of excess calories and the mechanisms it uses to metabolize fat. C. elegans worms were grown on media containing various sugars and monitored for changes in body fat and expression of sbp-1, a homolog of the mammalian transcription factor SREBP-1c, which facilitates fat storage in mammals. The fat content increased markedly in worms exposed to glucose. In situ analysis of gene expression in transgenic worms carrying the GFP-labeled promoter region of sbp-1 revealed that sbp-1 mRNA was strongly expressed in the intestine. An sbp-1 knockdown caused a reduction in body size, fat storage, and egg-laying activity. RT-PCR analysis revealed a considerable decrease in the expression of fatty acid synthetic genes (including elo-2, fat-2, and fat-5) and a considerable increase of starvation-inducible gene acs-2. Normal egg-laying activity and acs-2 expression were restored on exposure to a polyunsaturated fatty acid. These findings suggest that SBP-1 and SREBP regulate the amount and composition of fat and response to starvation in a similar manner. Thus, C. elegans may be an appropriate subject for studying the metabolism of fats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihisa Nomura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
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39
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Baril JG, Junod P, LeBlanc R, Dion H, Therrien R, Laplante F, Falutz J, Côté P, Hébert MN, Lalonde R, Lapointe N, Lévesque D, Pinault L, Rouleau D, Tremblay C, Trottier B, Trottier S, Tsoukas C, Weiss K. HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome: A review of clinical aspects. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2005; 16:233-43. [PMID: 18159551 PMCID: PMC2095035 DOI: 10.1155/2005/303141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2004] [Accepted: 03/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Approximately two years after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV infection, body shape changes and metabolic abnormalities were increasingly observed. Initially, these were ascribed to protease inhibitors, but it is now clear that nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors also contribute to lipodystrophy syndrome. The syndrome groups together clinical conditions describing changes in body fat distribution that include lipoatrophy, lipoaccumulation or both. However, there does not appear to be a direct link between lipoatrophy and lipoaccumulation that would support a single mechanism for the redistribution of body fat. Currently, there is no clear definition of lipodystrophy, which explains the difficulty in determining its prevalence and etiology. There are no current guidelines for the treatment of fat distribution abnormalities that occur in the absence of other metabolic complications. The present article reviews the current state of knowledge of the definition, symptoms, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of the morphological changes associated with lipodystrophy syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Guy Baril
- Clinique médicale du Quartier Latin
- Unité hospitalière de recherche, d'enseignement et de soin sur le sida (UHRESS), Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Hôpital Saint-Luc
- Service de lutte contre les infections transmissibles sexuellement par le sang, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Patrice Junod
- Clinique médicale du Quartier Latin
- Unité hospitalière de recherche, d'enseignement et de soin sur le sida (UHRESS), Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Hôpital Saint-Luc
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Roger LeBlanc
- Clinique Golberg, LeBlanc et Rosengren
- UHRESS, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Harold Dion
- Clinique médicale L'Actuel
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Rachel Therrien
- UHRESS, CHUM, Hôpital-Dieu de Montréal
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | | | - Julian Falutz
- UHRESS, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital
| | - Pierre Côté
- Clinique médicale du Quartier Latin
- Unité hospitalière de recherche, d'enseignement et de soin sur le sida (UHRESS), Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Hôpital Saint-Luc
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Marie-Nicole Hébert
- Service de lutte contre les infections transmissibles sexuellement par le sang, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Richard Lalonde
- UHRESS, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Normand Lapointe
- UHRESS, Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Centre maternel et infantile sur le sida
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Dominic Lévesque
- Comité des personnes atteintes du VIH du Québec
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Lyse Pinault
- Coalition des organismes communautaires québécois de lutte contre le sida
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Danielle Rouleau
- UHRESS, CHUM, Hôpital Saint-Luc and Hôpital Notre-Dame
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- UHRESS, CHUM, Hôpital-Dieu de Montréal
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Benoît Trottier
- Unité hospitalière de recherche, d'enseignement et de soin sur le sida (UHRESS), Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Hôpital Saint-Luc
- Clinique médicale L'Actuel
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Sylvie Trottier
- UHRESS, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Chris Tsoukas
- UHRESS, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
| | - Karl Weiss
- Association des médecins microbiologistes infectiologues du Québec, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec
- Members of Le Comité consultatif sur la prise en charge Clinique des personnes vivant avec le VIH/Sida Ministère de la Santé et des services
sociaux du Québec
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