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Hao EY, Liu XL, Chang LY, Xue H, Su BF, Chen YF, Wang DH, Shi L, Chen H. Melatonin alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress to improve ovarian function by regulating the mTOR pathway in aged laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103703. [PMID: 38631228 PMCID: PMC11040121 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Granular cell apoptosis is a key factor leading to follicular atresia and decreased laying rate in aged laying hens. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) induced cell apoptosis is a new type of apoptosis pathway. Previous studies have shown that the ERS pathway is involved in the regulation of follicular development and atresia, and can be regulated by mTOR. Melatonin (MEL) can protect the normal development of follicles, but the precise mechanism by which MEL regulates follicular development is not yet clear. So, we investigated the potential relationship between MEL and ERS and mTOR signaling pathway in vivo through intraperitoneal injection of MEL in aged laying hens. The results show that the laying rate, ovarian follicle number, plasma MEL, E2, LH, FSH concentrations, as well as the mRNA expression of mTOR signaling-associated genes TSC1, TSC2, mTOR, 4E-BP1, and S6K in old later-period chicken control (Old-CN) group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). In contrast, the ERS-related of plasma and granular cell layer mRNA expression of Grp78, CHOP, and Caspase-3 was significantly increased (P < 0.01). While both of the effects were reversed by MEL. Then, aging granulosa cells were treated with MEL in vitro, followed by RNA seq analysis, and it was found that 259 and 322 genes were upregulated and downregulated. After performing GO enrichment analysis, it was found that DEGs significantly contribute to the biological processes including cell growth and apoptosis. Using pathway enrichment analysis, we found significant overrepresentation of cellular processes related to mTOR signaling and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, involving genes such as GRB10, SGK1, PRKCA, RPS6KA2, RAF1, PIK3R3, FOXO1, DERL3, HMOX1, TLR7, VAMP7 and INSIG2. The obtained results of RT-PCR showed consistency with the RNA-Seq data. In summary, the underlined results revealed that MEL has significantly contributed to follicular development via activating the mTOR signaling pathway-related genes and alleviating ERS-related genes in laying hens. The current study provides a theoretical background for enhancing the egg-laying capability of hens and also providing a basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of follicular selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Ying Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Xue-Lu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Li-Yun Chang
- Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, Hebei 063002, China
| | - Han Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Bo-Fei Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - De-He Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China.
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Yu F, Wu X, Chen W, Yan F, Li W. Computer-assisted discovery and evaluation of potential ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta 2 inhibitors. Comput Biol Med 2024; 172:108204. [PMID: 38484695 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
S6K2 is an important protein in mTOR signaling pathway and cancer. To identify potential S6K2 inhibitors for mTOR pathway treatment, a virtual screening of 1,575,957 active molecules was performed using PLANET, AutoDock GPU, and AutoDock Vina, with their classification abilities compared. The MM/PB(GB)SA method was used to identify four compounds with the strongest binding energies. These compounds were further investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to understand the properties of the S6K2/ligand complex. Due to a lack of available 3D structures of S6K2, OmegaFold served as a reliable 3D predictive model with higher evaluation scores in SAVES v6.0 than AlphaFold, AlphaFold2, and RoseTTAFold2. The 150 ns MD simulation revealed that the S6K2 structure in aqueous solvation experienced compression during conformational relaxation and encountered potential energy traps of about 19.6 kJ mol-1. The virtual screening results indicated that Lys75 and Lys99 in S6K2 are key binding sites in the binding cavity. Additionally, MD simulations revealed that the ligands remained attached to the activation cavity of S6K2. Among the compounds, compound 1 induced restrictive dissociation of S6K2 in the presence of a flexible region, compound 8 achieved strong stability through hydrogen bonding with Lys99, compound 9 caused S6K2 tightening, and the binding of compound 16 was heavily influenced by hydrophobic interactions. This study suggests that these four potential inhibitors with different mechanisms of action could provide potential therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - WeiSong Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321000, China
| | - Fugui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
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Chen Y, Tan X, Zhang W, Li Y, Deng X, Zeng J, Huang L, Ma X. Natural products targeting macroautophagy signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy: Recent evidence and perspectives. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1623-1650. [PMID: 38302697 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), presently the second leading cause of global cancer-related mortality, continues to pose significant challenges in the realm of medical oncology, impacting both clinical drug selection and mechanistic research. Recent investigations have unveiled autophagy-related signaling as a promising avenue for HCC treatment. A growing body of research has highlighted the pivotal role of autophagy-modulating natural products in inhibiting HCC progression. In this context, we provide a concise overview of the fundamental autophagy mechanism and delineate the involvement of autophagic signaling pathways in HCC development. Additionally, we review pertinent studies demonstrating how natural products regulate autophagy to mitigate HCC. Our findings indicate that natural products exhibit cytotoxic effects through the induction of excessive autophagy, simultaneously impeding HCC cell proliferation by autophagy inhibition, thereby depriving HCC cells of essential energy. These effects have been associated with various signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT, MAPK, AMPK, Wnt/β-catenin, Beclin-1, and ferroautophagy. These results underscore the considerable therapeutic potential of natural products in HCC treatment. However, it is important to note that the present study did not establish definitive thresholds for autophagy induction or inhibition by natural products. Further research in this domain is imperative to gain comprehensive insights into the dual role of autophagy, equipping us with a better understanding of this double-edged sword in HCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yubing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Cen Y, Yang J, Su L, Wang F, Zhu D, Zhao L, Li Y. Manganese induces neuronal apoptosis by activating mTOR signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 185:114508. [PMID: 38336017 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is a well-known environmental pollutant and occupational toxicant that causes neurotoxicity, which present as neurodegenerative-like symptoms. However, the mechanism of Mn-induced neuronal injury remains unclear. In this research, we explored the mechanism of Mn-induced neurotoxicity, focusing on the mTOR signaling pathway. A plasmid expressing a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting mTOR (shRNA-mTOR) was transfected into N27 cells in vitro, and rapamycin was used as an mTOR inhibitor in vivo to block the mTOR signaling pathway. Cells were treated with different concentrations of manganese (II) chloride (MnCl2). We found that Mn induced cell injury and apoptosis and markedly upregulated the expression of mTOR pathway-related proteins. The phosphorylation of 4E-BP1, S6K1, Akt and SGK1 was markedly decreased after blocking mTOR, and cell apoptosis was also reduced. Furthermore, the mTOR-specific inhibitor rapamycin restored learning and memory abilities in vivo. This research highlights that inhibiting mTOR might be useful for preventing Mn-induced neurodegenerative-like disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Cen
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Liyu Su
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Deyu Zhu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Lan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China.
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Liu X, Hu Q, Xu T, Yuan Q, Hu Q, Hu N, Sun W, Bai Y, Liu L, Feng J, Yi Q. Fndc5/irisin deficiency leads to dysbiosis of gut microbiota contributing to the depressive-like behaviors in mice. Brain Res 2023; 1819:148537. [PMID: 37591459 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most common mental diseases and the leading cause of disability worldwide. A dysfunctional gut microbiota-brain axis is one of the main pathological bases of depression. Irisin, an exercise-related myokine, reduces depression-like behaviors and may guide the relief of depressive symptoms by exercise. However, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS Fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (Fndc5)/Irisin was knocked out in male wide-type C57BL/6N mice using CRISPR-cas9. The depression and anxiety symptoms were examined in irisin knockout and control mice with or without chronic unpredictable mild stress by sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST). Fecal microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing and microbiota-related metabolites using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Differential metabolites were analyzed with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. RESULTS The knockout mice showed anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and altered diversity and richness of gut microbiota. At the phylum level, these mice had decreased Firmicutes and increased Bacteroidota populations, while at the genus level, they exhibited a low relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Moreover, knocking out of Irisin gene in these mice significantly reduced N-desmethyl-mifepristone (RU 42633) and elevated (-)-stercobilin levels. The KEGG results showed that the microbiota-related metabolites affected by irisin mainly clustered into arginine and proline metabolism and affected the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings show that Fndc5/irisin deficiency causes depression in mice by inducing dysbiosis of gut microbiota and changes in microbiota-related metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qinxue Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Tianhao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Qiaoli Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Na Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Weichao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiping Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China.
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China.
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Zhang S, Dong P, Pan Z, Chen Q, Zhu J, Mao Z. Comparison of gene mutation profile in different lung adenocarcinoma subtypes by targeted next-generation sequencing. Med Oncol 2023; 40:349. [PMID: 37935925 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease prognosis after resection of lung cancer could be affected by pathological subtypes. In this study, we investigated the difference of gene variation and significantly altered pathways between adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)/microinvasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) subtypes to reveal the molecular mechanism of prognosis differences. METHODS Sixty one tumor tissues were subjected to DNA extraction and customized 136 gene targeted next-generation sequencing. Comparisons between groups were performed with two-sided Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and two-tailed unpaired t test for numerical variables. RESULTS A total of 402 somatic mutations involved in 70 genes were detected in all these samples, and 74.29% of these genes were mutated in at least two samples. PMS2, ARID1A, EGFR, and POLE were the most frequently mutated genes. ALK_EML4 fusion was observed in one IAC patient and RET_ KIF5B fusion in one AIS patient. A significant higher proportion of patients with TP53 gene mutation was observed in the IAC group (P = 0.0057). The average onset age in IAC group is 62.48 years, which is greater than other subtypes (P = 0.0166). It revealed that mutations in genes involved in the mTOR signaling pathway (56.52% vs 26.32%, P = 0.0288) and Hippo signaling pathway (34.78% vs 10.53%, P = 0.0427) were significantly enriched in IAC subtypes, suggesting the key involvement of mTOR and Hippo signaling pathways in lung tumor development and malignant progression. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the heterogeneity of gene mutations and significantly altered pathways between different lung cancer subtypes, suggesting the potential mechanism of different prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowen Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongwei Pan
- Department of Medical Equipment, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Thorgene Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Junqi Zhu
- Thorgene Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Zhangfan Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Bie Y, Chen Q, Xu J, Ou B, Chen B, Guan Y, Xie S. Human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in combination with rapamycin reduce cartilage degradation via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:549-557. [PMID: 36942663 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2189062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a promising strategy for treating osteoarthritis (OA). However, the inflammatory microenvironment, apoptosis of transplanted cells, and shear forces during direct injection limit the therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to explore the role of rapamycin combined with human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) in OA rabbits in vivo. METHODS OA rabbits received an intra-articular injection of a collagenase solution. Gross observations, X-ray examinations, and histological examinations were performed to detect cartilage degradation levels. The fluorescent membrane dye DiR was used to label hUMSCs. In the combination therapy group, rapamycin was injected into the rabbit knee joint one day post the intra-articular injection of hUMSCs. Bioinformatics and transcriptome profiling of the knee meniscus were used to evaluate the potential molecular mechanisms of the combination therapy. RESULTS Our study shows that rapamycin combined with hUMSCs significantly ameliorated OA severity in vivo, enhancing matrix synthesis and promoting cartilage repair. The combination therapy was more efficient than rapamycin or hUMSC treatment alone. Moreover, bioinformatics and transcriptomic analyses revealed that combination therapy might enhance autophagy in chondrocytes, partially by inhibiting the mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that the combination therapy of rapamycin and hUMSCs may promote cartilage repair in OA rabbits through the mTOR pathway and offers a novel approach for OA therapy. THE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE Our study provides new evidence to support the use of hUMSCs in combination with rapamycin as a potential candidate for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Bie
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baofang Ou
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boyu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajin Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Shuilin Xie
- Guangdong Mingzhu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Foshan, China
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Fan Y, Shen J, Liu X, Cui J, Liu J, Peng D, Jin Y. β-Sitosterol Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Lipogenesis Disorder in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14644. [PMID: 37834091 PMCID: PMC10572156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
β-sitosterol, a natural plant steroid, has been shown to promote anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in the body. In this study, β-sitosterol was used to protect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell damage in bovine mammary epithelial cells, which are commonly studied as a cell model of mammary inflammatory response and lipogenesis. Results showed that treatment with a combination of LPS and β-sitosterol significantly reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, while increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and activating the hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1α)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) signaling pathway to inhibit apoptosis and improve lipid synthesis-related gene expression. Our finding suggests that β-sitosterol has the potential to alleviate inflammation in the mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dongqiao Peng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in Northeastern Frigid Area, Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.F.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Yongcheng Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in Northeastern Frigid Area, Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.F.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.)
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Kubi JA, Brah AS, Cheung KMC, Lee YL, Lee KF, Sze SCW, Qiao W, Yeung KWK. A new osteogenic protein isolated from Dioscorea opposita Thunb accelerates bone defect healing through the mTOR signaling axis. Bioact Mater 2023; 27:429-446. [PMID: 37152710 PMCID: PMC10160600 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Delayed bone defect repairs lead to severe health and socioeconomic impacts on patients. Hence, there are increasing demands for medical interventions to promote bone defect healing. Recombinant proteins such as BMP-2 have been recognized as one of the powerful osteogenic substances that promote mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to osteoblast differentiation and are widely applied clinically for bone defect repairs. However, recent reports show that BMP-2 treatment has been associated with clinical adverse side effects such as ectopic bone formation, osteolysis and stimulation of inflammation. Here, we have identified one new osteogenic protein, named 'HKUOT-S2' protein, from Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Using the bone defect model, we have shown that the HKUOT-S2 protein can accelerate bone defect repair by activating the mTOR signaling axis of MSCs-derived osteoblasts and increasing osteoblastic biomineralization. The HKUOT-S2 protein can also modulate the transcriptomic changes of macrophages, stem cells, and osteoblasts, thereby enhancing the crosstalk between the polarized macrophages and MSCs-osteoblast differentiation to facilitate osteogenesis. Furthermore, this protein had no toxic effects in vivo. We have also identified HKUOT-S2 peptide sequence TKSSLPGQTK as a functional osteogenic unit that can promote osteoblast differentiation in vitro. The HKUOT-S2 protein with robust osteogenic activity could be a potential alternative osteoanabolic agent for promoting osteogenesis and bone defect repairs. We believe that the HKUOT-S2 protein may potentially be applied clinically as a new class of osteogenic agent for bone defect healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Akrofi Kubi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong S.A.R., PR China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, HKU-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518053, PR China
| | - Augustine Suurinobah Brah
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong S.A.R., PR China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, HKU-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518053, PR China
| | - Kenneth Man Chee Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong S.A.R., PR China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, HKU-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518053, PR China
| | - Yin Lau Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, HKU, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong S.A.R, PR China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, HKU- Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Kai-Fai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, HKU, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong S.A.R, PR China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, HKU- Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Stephen Cho Wing Sze
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong S.A.R, PR China
- Golden Meditech Center for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong S.A.R, PR China
| | - Wei Qiao
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, Hong Kong S.A.R, PR China
| | - Kelvin Wai-Kwok Yeung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong S.A.R., PR China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, HKU-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518053, PR China
- Corresponding author.Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong S.A.R, PR China
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Peng F, Han Z, Chen H, Zhang Q, Liu C, Liang X. The Effects of Treatment with Icariin on Immune Tolerance in the Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion Mice. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:2794-2804. [PMID: 36890410 PMCID: PMC10480255 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is the most common pregnancy-related complication, affecting 1-5% of pregnancies. Currently, immune imbalance at the maternal-fetal interface is one of the main causes of recurrent abortion. Icariin (ICA) can exert immunomodulatory effects in a variety of autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, it has not been reported for use in recurrent abortion. In this study, to clarify the effects and mechanisms of ICA for recurrent abortion, female mice CBA/J were randomly divided into Normal group, RSA group and RSA + ICA group. From 0.5 days of pregnancy to 12.5 days, the RSA + ICA group was subjected to orally ICA (50 mg/Kg) daily, and the Normal group and the RSA group were given with an equal volume of distilled water. The results showed the amount of reabsorbed embryo in the RSA group was significantly higher than that in the normal-pregnancy group. However, ICA treatment showed a rescue effect on spontaneous abortion in RSA mice. ICA was able to increase the ratio of the labyrinth to total placental area in abortion-prone model. Further investigation showed that ICA treatment can expand the regulatory T cell (Treg) population in mice prone to abortion, significantly decrease the populations of Th1 cells, and reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory factors. Additionally, ICA treatment was able to decrease the expression of mechanical target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the placenta. ICA may increase Treg cell expansion and reducing pro-inflammatory factors expression via the mTOR pathway, then reducing placental inflammation and improving pregnancy outcomes in abortion-prone mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Peng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongyu Han
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinxiu Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Xin Liang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Ding Y, Wang P, Li C, Zhang Y, Yang C, Zhou X, Wang X, Su Z, Ming W, Zeng L, Shi Y, Li CJ, Kang X. Sodium Butyrate Induces Mitophagy and Apoptosis of Bovine Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells through the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13474. [PMID: 37686278 PMCID: PMC10487490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium butyrate (NaB) is one of the short-chain fatty acids and is notably produced in large amounts from dietary fiber in the gut. Recent evidence suggests that NaB induces cell proliferation and apoptosis. Skeletal muscle is rich in plenty of mitochondrial. However, it is unclear how NaB acts on host muscle cells and whether it is involved in mitochondria-related functions in myocytes. The present study aimed to investigate the role of NaB treatment on the proliferation, apoptosis, and mitophagy of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (BSCs). The results showed that NaB inhibited proliferation, promoted apoptosis of BSCs, and promoted mitophagy in a time- and dose-dependent manner in BSCs. In addition, 1 mM NaB increased the mitochondrial ROS level, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), increased the number of autophagic vesicles in mitochondria, and increased the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and ATP level. The effects of the mTOR pathway on BSCs were investigated. The results showed that 1 mM NaB inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of mTOR and genes AKT1, FOXO1, and EIF4EBP1 in the mTOR signaling pathway. In contrast, the addition of PP242, an inhibitor of the mTOR signaling pathway also inhibited mRNA and protein expression levels of mTOR, AKT1, FOXO1, and EIF4EBP1 and promoted mitophagy and apoptosis, which were consistent with the effect of NaB treatment. NaB might promote mitophagy and apoptosis in BSCs by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway. Our results would expand the knowledge of sodium butyrate on bovine skeletal muscle cell state and mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Ding
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chenglong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chaoyun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Xiaonan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Zonghua Su
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Wenxuan Ming
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Ling Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yuangang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Cong-Jun Li
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Xiaolong Kang
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.D.); (P.W.); (C.Y.)
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12
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Yan F, Wang Q, Yang H, Lv H, Qin W. miR-926-3p influences myocardial injury in septic mice through regulation of mTOR signaling pathway by targeting TSC1. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3826-3838. [PMID: 37171398 PMCID: PMC10449309 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of miR-926-3p on myocardial injury and its mechanisms. METHODS An animal model of sepsis was constructed by CLP, and animals were randomly divided into 4 groups: C group, miR-926-3p inhibitor group, CLP + NC group, and CLP + miR-926-3p inhibitor group. RESULTS Compared with those in C group, echocardiographic parameters remarkably declined in CLP + NC group. Compared with CLP + NC group, miR-926-3p inhibitor group indicated elevated echocardiographic parameters in mice, pathological improvement tendency of myocardial tissues and distinct reduction in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. It could be observed by electron microscopy that the number of lysosomes in miR-926-3p inhibitor group was greatly increased relative to CLP + NC group. Immunofluorescence exhibited that the number of green fluorescent puncta was significantly higher in miR-926-3p inhibitor group as compared to that in CLP + NC group. The autophagic flow was verified by observing the relative expression of LC3II at different times. The results of Western blotting manifested that miR-926-3p inhibitor up-regulated mTOR-related protein expressions and down-regulated the protein expression of p-mTOR. LPS was adopted to induce cardiomyocyte injury in vitro, and the results confirmed that, identical to in vivo experiments, miR-926-3p inhibitor was able to up-regulate the protein expressions of mTOR-related protein and down-regulate p-mTOR protein expression in cardiomyocytes. After addition of MHY1485, The expression of mTOR-related proteins changes in each group. CONCLUSION Inhibition of miR-926-3p enhances autophagy through regulation of the mTOR signaling pathway, thus ameliorating myocardial injury in septic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 030001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 030001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiyu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 030001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 030001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 030001, People’s Republic of China
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Vangalis V, Markakis EA, Knop M, Pietro AD, Typas MA, Papaioannou IA. Components of TOR and MAP kinase signaling control chemotropism and pathogenicity in the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae. Microbiol Res 2023; 271:127361. [PMID: 36921400 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi can sense useful resources and hazards in their environment and direct growth of their hyphae accordingly. Chemotropism ensures access to nutrients, contact with other individuals (e.g., for mating), and interaction with hosts in the case of pathogens. Previous studies have revealed a complex chemotropic sensing landscape during host-pathogen interactions, but the underlying molecular machinery remains poorly characterized. Here we studied mechanisms controlling directed hyphal growth of the important plant-pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae towards different chemoattractants. We found that the homologs of the Rag GTPase Gtr1 and the GTPase-activating protein Tsc2, an activator and a repressor of the TOR kinase respectively, play important roles in hyphal chemotropism towards nutrients, plant-derived signals, and heterologous α-pheromone of Fusarium oxysporum. Furthermore, important roles of these regulators were identified in fungal development and pathogenicity. We also found that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Fus3 is required for chemotropism towards nutrients, while the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) Ste2 and the MAPK Slt2 control chemosensing of plant-derived signals and α-pheromone. Our study establishes V. dahliae as a suitable model system for the analysis of fungal chemotropism and discovers new components of chemotropic signaling during growth and host-pathogen interactions of V. dahliae.
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Auvin S, Baulac S. mTOR-therapy and targeted treatment opportunities in mTOR-related epilepsies associated with cortical malformations. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023; 179:337-344. [PMID: 36906459 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the mTOR pathway is now well documented in several neurodevelopmental disorders associated with epilepsy. Mutations of mTOR pathway genes are involved in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) as well as in a range of cortical malformations from hemimegalencephaly (HME) to type II focal cortical dysplasia (FCD II), leading to the concept of "mTORopathies" (mTOR pathway-related malformations). This suggests that mTOR inhibitors (notably rapamycin (sirolimus), and everolimus) could be used as antiseizure medication. In this review, we provide an overview of pharmacological treatments targeting the mTOR pathway for epilepsy based on lectures from the ILAE French Chapter meeting in October 2022 in Grenoble. There is strong preclinical evidence for the antiseizure effects of mTOR inhibitors in TSC and cortical malformation mouse models. There are also open studies on the antiseizure effects of mTOR inhibitors, as well as one phase III study showing the antiseizure effect of everolimus in TSC patients. Finally, we discuss to which extent mTOR inhibitors might have properties beyond the antiseizure effect on associated neuropsychiatric comorbidities. We also discuss a new way of treatment on the mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Auvin
- Service de neurologie pédiatrique, EpiCARE ERN membre, Hôpital Robert Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France; Université Paris-Cité, Inserm NeuroDiderot, Paris, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
| | - S Baulac
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
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Wang L, Su L, Cen Y, Li J, Yang J, Li Y. Overexpressed miRNA-nov-1 promotes manganese-induced apoptosis in N27 cells by regulating Dhrs3 to activate mTOR signaling pathway. Toxicology 2023; 489:153472. [PMID: 36868551 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational chronic manganese exposure can cause neurotoxicity and apoptosis. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNAs) are extensively involved in the process of neuronal apoptosis. Therefore, it is crucial to study the mechanism of miRNA in manganese-induced neuronal apoptosis and to find potential targets. In the present study, we found that the expression of miRNA-nov-1 was increased after N27 cells were exposed to MnCl2. Then, seven different cell groups were constructed by lentiviral infection of cells, and the overexpression of miRNA-nov-1 promoted the apoptosis process of N27 cells. Further studies showed a negative regulatory relationship between miRNA-nov-1 and dehydrogenase/reductase 3 (Dhrs3). The up-regulation of miRNA-nov-1 reduced the protein level of Dhrs3 in N27 cells exposed to manganese, increased the expression of a caspase-3 protein, activated the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, and increased cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that the expression of the Caspase-3 protein was decreased after the low expression of miRNA-nov-1, the mTOR signaling pathway was inhibited, and reduced cell apoptosis. However, these effects were reversed by the knockdown of Dhrs3. Taken together, these results suggested that overexpression of miRNA-nov-1 can promote manganese-induced apoptosis in N27 cells by activating the mTOR signaling pathway and negatively regulating Dhrs3.
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Hu H, Lu X, Huang L, He Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Duan C. Castor1 overexpression regulates microglia M1/M2 polarization via inhibiting mTOR pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:699-708. [PMID: 36454504 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01135-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are resident immune cells in the brain and are closely associated with central nervous system inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. It is known that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays an important role in the polarization of microglia. Castor1 has been identified as the cytosolic arginine sensor for the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway, but the role of Castor1 in microglial polarization is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the regulatory effect of Castor1 on microglial polarization and the underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that Castor1 expression was significantly decreased in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-γ treated microglia. Castor1 overexpression inhibited the microglia M1 polarization by reducing the expression of M1 related markers. However, the expression of M2-related genes was promoted when Castor1 was overexpressed in IL-4 treated microglia. Mechanistically, Castor1 overexpression inhibited the activation of mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, after treatment with the mTOR activator MHY1485, the inhibitory effect of Castor1 overexpression on M1 polarization was attenuated, indicating that the regulation effects of Castor1 on M1 polarization was dependent on its inhibition of mTOR pathway. We propose that Castor1-mTOR signaling pathway could be considered as a potential target for treatment and intervention of central nervous system-related diseases by regulating microglia polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisi Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing He
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chaohui Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhao J, Pan H, Zhao W, Li W, Li H, Tian Z, Meng D, Teng Y, Li X, He Y, Shi H, Ge C, Wang K. Untargeted Metabolomics Revealed Potential Biomarkers of Small Yellow Follicles of Chickens during Sexual Maturation. Metabolites 2023; 13. [PMID: 36837802 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual maturation provides economically important traits in poultry production. Research on the initiation mechanism of sexual maturity is of great significance for breeding high-yield laying hens. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully clear. Here, one hundred and fifty Chahua No. 2 laying hens (the CH2 group, which has precocious puberty) and one hundred and fifty Wu Liang Shan black-bone laying hens (the WLS group, a late-maturing chicken breed) with similar weights and ages were randomly selected. ELISA was used to determine the secretion levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P4) in 150-day-old serum and small yellow follicle (SYF) tissues. A histology examination, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were used to explore the molecular mechanism of how some genes related to oxidative stress affect sexual maturation. The results showed that the secretion levels of LH, E2, and P4 in the CH2 group serum and SYF were higher than those in the WLS group. The results of the real-time PCR of all genes showed that the expression levels of cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, follicle-stimulating hormone receptor, and cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 in the CH2 group were significantly higher than those in the WLS groups (p < 0.001). Untargeted metabolomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis was used to identify biomarkers of SYF tissues in the CH2 and WLS groups. A trajectory analysis of the principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that the samples within the group were clustered and that the samples were dispersed between the CH2 and the WLS groups, indicating that the results of the measured data were reliable and could be used for further research. Further analysis showed that a total of 319 metabolites in small yellow follicles of the CH2 and WLS groups were identified, among which 54 downregulated differential metabolites were identified. These 54 metabolites were found as potential CH2 biomarkers compared with WLS at 150 days, and the different expressions of L-arginine, L-prolinamide, (R)-4-hydroxymandelate, glutathione, and homovanillic acid were more significant. Twenty metabolic pathways were found when significantly differential metabolites were queried in the KEGG database. According to the impact values of the metabolic pathways, eighteen differential metabolites belonged to the mTOR signaling pathway, glutathione metabolism, ABC transporters, the cell ferroptosis pathway, and D-arginine and D-ornithine metabolism. Interestingly, we identified that the cell ferroptosis pathway played an important role in chicken follicle selection for the first time. The histology and immunohistochemistry of SYF showed that the number of granulosa cells increased in the CH2 groups and the expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4, tumor protein p53, ribosomal protein S6 kinase, and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 in the granulosa cell layer were upregulated in the CH2 group at the time of sexual maturation. Furthermore, we also speculated that the antioxidant system may play an indispensable role in regulating sexual maturity in chickens. Overall, our findings suggest differentially expressed metabolites and metabolic pathways between CH2 and WLS chickens, providing new insights into the initiation mechanism of sexual maturation.
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Jia H, Wu Z, Tan J, Wu S, Yang C, Raza SHA, Wang M, Song G, Shi Y, Zan L, Yang W. Lnc-TRTMFS promotes milk fat synthesis via the miR-132x/RAI14/mTOR pathway in BMECs. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad218. [PMID: 37367933 PMCID: PMC10414145 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important index to evaluate the quality of milk, milk fat content directly determines the nutrition and flavor of milk. Recently, growing evidence has suggested that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in bovine lactation, but little is known about the roles of lncRNAs in milk fat synthesis, particularly the underlying molecular processes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs in milk fat synthesis. Based on our previous lncRNA-seq data and bioinformatics analysis, we found that Lnc-TRTMFS (transcripts related to milk fat synthesis) was upregulated in the lactation period compared to the dry period. In this study, we found that knockdown of Lnc-TRTMFS significantly inhibited milk fat synthesis, resulting in a smaller amount of lipid droplets and lower cellular triacylglycerol levels, and significantly decreased the expression of genes related to adipogenesis. In contrast, overexpression of Lnc-TRTMFS significantly promoted milk fat synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). In addition, Bibiserv2 analysis showed that Lnc-TRTMFS could act as a molecular sponge for miR-132x, and retinoic acid induced protein 14 (RAI14) was a potential target of miR-132x, which was further confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assays, quantitative reverse transcription PCR, and western blots. We also found that miR-132x significantly inhibited milk fat synthesis. Finally, rescue experiments showed that Lnc-TRTMFS could weaken the inhibitory effect of miR-132x on milk fat synthesis and rescue the expression of RAI14. Taken together, these results revealed that Lnc-TRTMFS regulated milk fat synthesis in BMECs via the miR-132x/RAI14/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhangqing Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jianbing Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Silin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chaoqun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Guibing Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yujie Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wucai Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Nie Y, Fan Y, Zhang X, Li X, Yin J, Li M, Hu Z, Li L, Wang X. Buyang Huanwu decoction improves neural recovery after spinal cord injury in rats through the mTOR signaling pathway and autophagy. J Spinal Cord Med 2023; 46:99-106. [PMID: 34698622 PMCID: PMC9897784 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2021.1954378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) refers to the interruption of the tracts inside the spinal cord caused by various factors. The repair of damaged axons has always been a difficult point in clinical treatment and neuroscience research. The treatment of SCI with Buyang huanwu decoction (BYHWD), a well-known recipe for invigorating Qi (a vital force forming part of any living entity in traditional Chinese culture) and promoting blood circulation, shows a good effect. METHODS The rubrospinal tract (RST) transection model in rats was established in this study and rats were administrated with low (BL), medium (BM), or high (BH) doses of BYHWD. RESULTS Compared with the SCI group, BL, BM moderately, and BH significantly improved the motor function of forelimbs and increased the number of red nucleus neurons in SCI rats. As for the possible molecular mechanism, BL, BM moderately, and BH significantly increased mTOR whereas decreased Beclin-1 and LC3 in the red nucleus. CONCLUSION In conclusion, low, medium, and high doses of BYHWD could promote neural recovery in SCI rats through improving motor function and neuron survival in the red nucleus. The neuroprotective effects of BYHWD might be associated with affecting the mTOR signaling pathway and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Nie
- Department of Spine, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujie Fan
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Yin
- Department of Anatomy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meili Li
- Department of Anatomy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyong Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence to: Liang Li Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China, Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoye Wang
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China,Xiaoye Wang Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, People’s Republic of China.
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Liu K, Peng Y, Lin L, Gong Z, Xiao W, Li Y. L-Theanine Regulates the Abundance of Amino Acid Transporters in Mice Duodenum and Jejunum via the mTOR Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2022; 15. [PMID: 36615799 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestine is a key organ for the absorption of amino acids. L-theanine (LTA) is a structural analog of glutamine and a characteristic non-protein amino acid found in tea (Camellia sinensis) that regulates lipid and protein metabolism. The present study explored the role of LTA in intestinal amino acid absorption, protein synthesis, and its mechanisms. Overall, our findings suggest that LTA supplementation not only affects serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP), total protein (TP), and urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, but it also upregulates the mRNA and protein expression of amino acid transporters (EAAT3, EAAT1, 4F2hc, y+LAT1, CAT1, ASCT2, and B0AT1), and activates the mTOR signaling pathway. The downstream S6 and S6K1 proteins are regulated, and the expression of amino acid transporters is regulated. These findings suggest that LTA increases intestinal AA absorption, promotes protein metabolism, and increases nitrogen utilization by upregulating AAT expression, activating the mTOR signaling pathway, and phosphorylating the mTOR downstream proteins S6 and S6K1.
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Wang W, Zhang Z, Zhao M, Wang Y, Ge Y, Shan L. Zinc-finger protein CXXC5 promotes breast carcinogenesis by regulating the TSC1/ mTOR signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2022; 299:102812. [PMID: 36539038 PMCID: PMC9860500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CXXC5, a member of the CXXC family of zinc-finger proteins, is associated with numerous pathological processes. However, the pathophysiological function of CXXC5 has not been clearly established. Herein, we found that CXXC5 interacts with the CRL4B and NuRD complexes. Screening of transcriptional targets downstream of the CXXC5-CRL4B-NuRD complex by next-generation sequencing (chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing) revealed that the complex regulates the transcriptional repression process of a cohort of genes, including TSC1 (tuberous sclerosis complex subunit 1), which play important roles in cell growth and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway regulation, and whose abnormal regulation results in the activation of programmed cell death-ligand protein 1 (PD-L1). Intriguingly, CXXC5 expression increased after stimulation with vitamin B2 but decreased after vitamin D treatment. We also found that the CXXC5-CRL4B-NuRD complex promotes the proliferation of tumor cells in vitro and accelerates the growth of breast cancer in vivo. The expression of CXXC5, CUL4B, and MTA1 increased during the occurrence and development of breast cancer, and correspondingly, TSC1 expression decreased. Meanwhile, a high expression of CXXC5 was positively correlated with the histological grade of high malignancy and poor survival of patients. In conclusion, our study revealed that CXXC5-mediated TSC1 suppression activates the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, reduces autophagic cell death, induces PD-L1-mediated immune suppression, and results in tumor development, shedding light on the mechanism of the pathophysiological function of CXXC5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuze Ge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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22
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Lee KT, Chen LY, Li WS, Lee HZ. Transcriptome analysis revealed the role of mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways in the white strain of Hypsizygus marmoreus extracts-induced cell death of human hepatoma Hep3B cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1039376. [PMID: 36506551 PMCID: PMC9732266 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1039376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer mechanisms of white genius mushroom (WGM). WGM is a popular edible mushroom in Taiwan and has been demonstrated to mediate potent antiproliferation effects against human Hep3B liver cancer cells in our previous study. According to next generation sequencing technology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways were markedly changed during treatment with WGM extracts in Hep3B cells. Therefore, this study examined the effects of WGM extracts on the expression of mTOR and MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins, such as PI3K, Akt, mTOR, Ras, Raf, MEK, ERK, p38 and JNK in Hep3B cells. According to the results of immunoblotting, we demonstrated that the protein expression of the members of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways were involved in WGM extracts-induced cell death. Furthermore, the inhibitors of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways such as rapamycin, MK2206, LY3214996 and SB202190, blocked the induction of cell death and vacuoles formation induced by WGM extracts. This study also demonstrated that WGM extracts is able to inhibit Hep3B cell migration and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition to being a very popular food, WGM should be a pharmacologically safe natural agent for cancer treatment. Therefore, WGM might be designed to develop into a dietary chemopreventive agent for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Tsung Lee
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sung Li
- Plant Pathology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Zin Lee
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Hong-Zin Lee,
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Zhou Y, Zhao H, Shuai L, She J, Diao R, Wang L. [Fkbp38 deletion induces premature ovarian insufficiency in mice by activating mTOR signaling and inducing granulosa cell apoptosis]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2022; 42:1611-7. [PMID: 36504053 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.11.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of tacrolimus-binding protein 38 (FKBP38) in follicle development and the mechanism by which Fkbp38 gene deletion causes premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). METHODS The Cre-loxp system was used to construct oocyte-specific Fkbp38 knockout transgenic mice. The genotype of the transgenic mice was identified using PCR, and the expression of FKBP38 in the oocytes was verified. The numbers of primordial follicles, primary follicles, secondary follicles and antral follicles in Fkbp38 knockout mice and non-transgenic littermate control mice were counted with HE staining under a microscope for analyzing the effect of Fkbp38 deletion on follicular development. The fertility and serum sex hormone levels of the mice were determined by reproduction experiments and ELISA to assess ovarian function. Ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis of the mice was assessed using TUNEL assay. The activity of the downstream target protein of phosphorylated ribosomal S6 (PS6) of mTOR signaling pathway was detected, and the expressions of BCL-2 and BAX proteins were determined using immunofluorescence assay for assessing oocyte development in the mice. RESULTS The oocyte-specific Fkbp38 knockout transgenic mouse model was successfully constructed, which showed decreased fertility, disordered sex hormone levels, and significantly reduced primordial follicles, primary follicles and secondary follicles in the ovary (P < 0.05), demonstrating POI-like changes. Compared with the control mice, oocyte-specific Fkbp38 knockout caused activation of the mTOR signaling pathway, significantly increased apoptosis of the granulosa cells, and obviously increased the BAX/BCL- 2 ratio by increasing BAX expression and reducing BCL-2 expression in the oocytes (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION FKBP38 plays an important role in follicle development, and Fkbp38 gene deletion in mice causes POI possibly by activating the mTOR signaling pathway and inducing granulosa cell apoptosis.
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张 京, 宋 佳, 王 振, 龚 玉, 王 天, 周 津, 战 军, 张 宏. [Kindlin-2 regulates endometrium development via mTOR and Hippo signaling pathways in mice]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2022; 54:846-852. [PMID: 36241227 PMCID: PMC9568384 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Kindlin-2 on uterus development and reproductive capacity in female mice. METHODS Cdh16-Cre tool mice and Kindlin-2flox/flox mice were used to construct the mouse model of uterus specific knockout of Kindlin-2, and the effects of Kindlin-2 deletion on uterine development and reproduction capacity of female mice were observed. High expression and knockdown of Kindlin-2 in endometrial cancer cell lines HEC-1 and Ish were used to detect the regulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. In addition, uterine proteins of the female mice with specific knockout of Kindlin-2 and female mice in the control group were extracted to detect the protein levels of key molecules of mTOR signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathway. RESULTS The mouse model of uterine specific knockout of Kindlin-2 was successfully constructed. The knockout efficiency of Kindlin-2 in mouse uterus was identified and verified by mouse tail polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot protein identification, immunohistochemical staining (IHC) and other methods. Compared with the control group, the female mice with uterus specific deletion of Kindlin-2 lost weight, seriously impaired reproductive ability, and the number of newborn mice decreased, but the proportion of the female mice and male mice in the newborn mice did not change. Hematoxylin eosin staining (HE) experiment showed that the endometrium of Kindlin-2 knockout group was incomplete and the thickness of uterine wall became thinner. In terms of mechanism, the deletion of Kindlin-2 in endo-metrial cancer cell lines HEC-1 and Ish could downregulate the protein levels of mTOR, phosphorylated mTOR, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylated AMPK and phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (S6), and the mTOR signal pathway was inhibited. It was found that the specific deletion of Kindlin-2 could upregulate the protein levels of Mps one binding 1 (MOB1) and phosphorylated Yes-associated protein (YAP) in the uterus of the female mice, and the Hippo signal pathway was activated. CONCLUSION Kindlin-2 inhibits the development of uterus by inhibiting mTOR signal pathway and activating Hippo signal pathway, thereby inhibiting the fertility of female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- 京 张
- 北京大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,北京 100191Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 佳桂 宋
- 北京大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,北京 100191Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
- 北京大学第三医院医学创新研究院基础医学研究中心,北京 100191Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 振斌 王
- 北京大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,北京 100191Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 玉清 龚
- 北京大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,北京 100191Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 天卓 王
- 北京大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,北京 100191Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 津羽 周
- 北京大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,北京 100191Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 军 战
- 北京大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,北京 100191Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 宏权 张
- 北京大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,北京 100191Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
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Lin M, Jiang M, Yang T, Tan D, Hu G, Zhao G, Zhan K. Acetate-Induced Milk Fat Synthesis Is Associated with Activation of the mTOR Signaling Pathway in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 36230357 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetate is a precursor substance for fatty acid synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs), and the mTOR signaling pathway plays an important role in milk fat synthesis. However, the mechanism of the regulatory effects of acetate on lipogenic genes via the mTOR signaling pathway in BMEC remains unknown. We hypothesized that acetate can enhance the expression of lipogenic genes and triglyceride (TG) production by activating the mTOR signaling pathway in BMECs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the network of acetate-regulated lipid metabolism by the mTOR signaling pathway in BMECs. These results showed that TG synthesis was elevated (p < 0.01) in BMECs with acetate treatment. The lipid droplets were increased in the acetate-treated groups compared with those in the control group through the Bodipy staining of the lipids. In addition, the fatty acid profile in BMECs treated with acetate was affected, with an elevation in the proportions of C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0. The mRNA levels of the sterol-response-element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) genes involved in the lipogenesis and transcriptional factors were upregulated (p < 0.05) in BMECs with acetate treatment. Remarkably, the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACCα) and FAS rate-limiting enzymes involved in lipogenesis was upregulated in BMECs with acetate treatment. Moreover, the addition of acetate enhanced the key protein expression of S6K1, which is related to the mTOR signaling pathway. Taken together, our data suggest that TG accumulation and expression of lipogenic genes induced by acetate are associated with the activation of the mTOR signaling pathway, which provides new insights into the understanding of the molecular mechanism in the expression of mTOR-signaling-pathway-regulated lipogenic genes.
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Liu L, Liu Z, Zeng C, Xu Y, He L, Fang Q, Chen Z. Dynorphin/KOR inhibits neuronal autophagy by activating mTOR signaling pathway to prevent acute seizure epilepsy. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1814-1824. [PMID: 35989483 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies, we found that dynorphin exerts antiepileptic effect by activating the kappa opioid receptor (KOR). However, the role of neuronal autophagy in dynorphin/KOR-mediated antiepileptic is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of dynorphin's antiepileptic effect by inhibiting autophagy and reducing neuronal apoptosis. Here, a pilocarpine-induced rat model of epilepsy was established and hippocampal neurons were treated with Mg2+ -free exposed for epileptiform activity induction. The real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate messenger RNA and protein expression. The TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling staining and flow cytometry were used to analyze cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Neuron cells viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Immunofluorescent staining and green fluorescent protein-light chain 3 immunofluorescence were used to measure autophagy in vivo and in vitro. Results showed that overexpression of prodynorphin alleviated neuronal apoptosis, activated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, and inhibited neuronal autophagy in epileptic rats. Dynorphin inhibited Mg2+ -free-induced seizure-like neuron apoptosis, partially reversing the effect of Mg2+ -free on the mTOR signaling pathway and seizure-like neuron autophagy. Further, using rapamycin, we found that dynorphin inhibited Mg2+ -free-induced seizure-like neuron autophagy and apoptosis by activating the mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, dynorphin inhibits autophagy by activating the mTOR signaling pathway and has a protective effect on epilepsy acute seizure and epilepsy-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zuoliang Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunyun Zeng
- Department of Paediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingtong Xu
- Department of Paediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Paediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Fang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiheng Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Vidović T, Ewald CY. Longevity-Promoting Pathways and Transcription Factors Respond to and Control Extracellular Matrix Dynamics During Aging and Disease. Front Aging 2022; 3:935220. [PMID: 35874275 PMCID: PMC9301135 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.935220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Aging is one of the largest risk factors for cancer, type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and other age-related pathologies. Here, we give a detailed description of the interplay of chronic age-related pathologies with the remodeling of the extracellular matrix during disease development and progression. Longevity-promoting signaling pathways slow or prevent age-related diseases. In particular, we focus on the mTOR signaling pathway, sirtuins, and canonical longevity-promoting transcription factors, such as FOXO, NF-κB, and Nrf2. We extend our analysis using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing and transcriptomic data and report that many established and emerging longevity-promoting transcription factors, such as CREB1, FOXO1,3, GATA1,2,3,4, HIF1A, JUN, KLF4, MYC, NFE2L2/Nrf2, RELA/NF-κB, REST, STAT3,5A, and TP53/p53, directly regulate many extracellular matrix genes and remodelers. We propose that modulation of these pathways increases lifespan and protects from age-related diseases in part due to their effects on extracellular matrix remodeling. Therefore, to successfully treat age-related diseases, it is necessary to better understand the connection between extracellular matrix components and longevity pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Collin Y. Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Li Y, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Lu X, Hu Y, Li Q, Shuai M, Li R. Autism spectrum disorder-like behavior induced in rat offspring by perinatal exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:52083-52097. [PMID: 35254616 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD), also known as childhood autism, is a common neurological developmental disorder. Although it is generally believed that genetic factors are a primary cause for ASD development, more and more studies show that an increasing number of ASD diagnoses are related to environmental exposure. Epidemiological studies indicated that perinatal exposure to endocrine disruptors might cause neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer in many products. To explore the neurodevelopmental effect induced by perinatal exposure to DEHP on rat offspring, and the potential mechanisms, female Wistar rats were exposed to 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg/day DEHP during pregnancy and lactation, while valproic acid (VPA) was used as a positive control. The behavior tests showed that rat pups exposed to VPA and 100 mg/kg/day DEHP were not good as those from the control group in both their socialability and social novelty. Expression of mTOR pathway-related components increased while the number of autophagosomes decreased in the brain tissue of the rat offspring exposed to 100 mg/kg/day DEHP. In addition, perinatal exposure to DEHP at all dosages decreased the level of autophagy proteins LC3II and Beclin1 in the brain tissue of rat pups. Our results indicated that perinatal DEHP exposure would induce ASD-like behavioral changes in rat offspring, which might be mediated by activation of the mTOR signaling pathway, and inhibition of autophagy in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
- Office of the Youth League Committee, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianxian Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingdan Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiulin Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglei Shuai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Z, Han Q, Wang J, Yao W, Wang L, Li K. Rapamycin induces autophagy and apoptosis in Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma primary cells in vitro. J Pediatr Surg 2022; 57:1274-1280. [PMID: 35428493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2022.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapamycin has been recommended to treat Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), but the underlying mechanism of the clinical effect has not been established. Therefore, we determined rapamycin cytotoxicity on KHE cells in vitro and the underlying mechanism. METHODS KHE primary cells were derived from a tumor specimen and treated with rapamycin. Immunofluorescence was applied to identify the cells. Cell viability was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed using flow cytometry (FCM). Western blots (WB) were performed to determine phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p70 S6 kinase (S6K1), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), as well light chain 3 (LC3) expression. RESULTS Rapamycin inhibited the growth of KHE primary cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cell cycle progression was arrested in the G0/G1 phase and apoptosis was induced. WB results showed that LC3-II/I expression was significantly elevated in KHE primary cells treated with rapamycin, while the level of p-mTOR, p-S6K1, and p-4E-BP1 expression was reduced. LC3 fluorescent spots were increased in the rapamycin treatment group. CONCLUSIONS Rapamycin inhibited KHE primary cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and autophagy, and blocked the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZuoPeng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qilei Han
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - LiuHui Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Yao W, Hou J, Liu G, Wu F, Yan Q, Guo L, Wang C. LncRNA CBR3-AS1 promotes osteosarcoma progression through the network of miR-140-5p/DDX54-NUCKS1- mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 25:189-200. [PMID: 35592388 PMCID: PMC9092395 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CBR3-AS1 (termed as CBR3-AS1) has been reported to be upregulated in several cancers including osteosarcoma. Its positive impact on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells has been unveiled; nevertheless, whether it also affects the stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of osteosarcoma cells is unclear. The purpose for this study was to explore the effects of CBR3-AS1 on the stemness and EMT of osteosarcoma cells as well as its underlying mechanism. qRT-PCR and western blot were applied to detect target gene expression. Function assays were conducted to evaluate the effect of genes on the stemness and EMT of osteosarcoma cells. Mechanism assays were done to verify the association among different genes. In vivo assays were also performed. The obtained data showed that CBR3-AS1 demonstrated a high expression in osteosarcoma cells. CBR3-AS1 could promote stemness and EMT of osteosarcoma cells as well as osteosarcoma tumor growth. Mechanically, CBR3-AS1 sponged miR-140-5p and recruited DDX54 to upregulate NUCKS1, thus activating the mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, NUCKS1 could facilitate stemness and EMT of osteosarcoma cells. In summary, this study reveals that CBR3-AS1 exerts an oncogenic role in osteosarcoma through modulating the network of the miR-140-5p/DDX54-NUCKS1-mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Yao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Jingyu Hou
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Fangxing Wu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Liangyu Guo
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Chuchu Wang
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450001, China
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Qiao L, Guo Z, Liu H, Liu J, Lin X, Deng H, Liu X, Zhao Y, Xiao X, Lei J, Han J. Protective Effect of Mitophagy Regulated by mTOR Signaling Pathway in Liver Fibrosis Associated with Selenium. Nutrients 2022; 14:2410. [PMID: 35745140 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As a central organ of energy metabolism, the liver is closely related to selenium for its normal function and disease development. However, the underlying roles of mitochondrial energy metabolism and mitophagy in liver fibrosis associated with selenium remain unclear. Methods: 28 rats were randomly divided into normal, low-selenium, nano-selenium supplement-1, and supplement-2 groups for a 12-week intervention. We observed pathological and ultrastructural changes in the liver and analyzed the effects of selenium deficiency and nano-selenium supplementation on liver metabolic activities and crucial proteins expression of mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Results: Selenium deficiency caused liver pathological damage and fibrosis with the occurrence of mitophagy by disrupting normal metabolic activities; meanwhile, the mTOR signaling pathway was up-regulated to enhance mitophagy to clear damaged mitochondria. Furthermore, nano-selenium supplements could reduce the severity of pathological damage and fibrosis in livers and maintain normal energy metabolic activity. With the increased concentrations of nano-selenium supplement, swelling mitochondria and mitophagy gradually decreased, accompanied by the higher expression of mTOR and phosphorylation-modified mTOR proteins and lower expression of unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) and phosphorylation-modified ULK1 proteins. Conclusions: Mitophagy regulated by the mTOR signaling pathway plays a dual protective role on low-selenium inducing liver fibrosis and nano-selenium supplements preventing liver fibrosis. Mitochondrial energy metabolism plays an important role in these processes as well.
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Gao D, Ma L, Xie Y, Xiao B, Xue S, Xiao W, Zhou Y, Cai X, Yang X. Electroacupuncture Promotes Autophagy by Regulating the AKT/ mTOR Signaling Pathway in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2396-2404. [PMID: 35622215 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a complex neurological disease, and its occurrence and development are closely related to the autophagy signaling pathway. However, the mechanism by which electroacupuncture (EA) affects the regulation of autophagy has not been fully elucidated. TLE gene chip dataset GSE27166 and data from rats without epilepsy (n = 6) and rats with epilepsy (n = 6) were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the TLE and control groups were identified with the online tool GEO2R. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases were used to analyse the functional and pathway enrichment of genes in the most important modules. A rat model of TLE induced by lithium-pilocarpine treatment was established. EA treatment at DU20 and DU14 in TLE rats was performed for 2 weeks. Neuronal regeneration was determined using immunofluorescence staining. The protein levels of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and autophagy markers were detected through western blotting and immunohistochemistry. This study identified 1837 DEGs, including 798 upregulated genes and 1039 downregulated genes. GO enrichment and KEGG analyses were performed on DEGs and revealed functional enrichment mainly in the mTOR signaling pathway and autophagy-animal. Furthermore, the number of mature neurons was significantly increased upon coexpressing BrdU/NeuN in TLE rats treated with EA. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry results showed significantly decreased levels of the phosphorylated-AKT and p-mTOR in the hippocampal CA3 and DG regions of TLE rats with EA treatment. And increased p-ULK1/ULK1, LC3-II/LC3-I and p62 levels in TLE rats with EA stimulation. Therefore, this study suggested that EA promoted autophagy in hippocampal neurons during the onset of epilepsy by regulating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to treat epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Gao
- The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Linqing Ma
- The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunliang Xie
- The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shouru Xue
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenbiao Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - You Zhou
- The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Cai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China. .,Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, 95 Huashan Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang X, Fu Y, Botchway BOA, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Jin T, Liu X. Quercetin Can Improve Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating the mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Neurol 2022; 13:905640. [PMID: 35669881 PMCID: PMC9163835 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.905640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI) is complex. At present, there is no effective treatment for SCI, with most current interventions focused on improving the symptoms. Inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative stress caused by secondary SCI may instigate serious consequences in the event of SCI. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), as a key signaling molecule, participates in the regulation of inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy in several processes associated with SCI. Quercetin can reduce the loss of myelin sheath, enhance the ability of antioxidant stress, and promote axonal regeneration. Moreover, quercetin is also a significant player in regulating the mTOR signaling pathway that improves pathological alterations following neuronal injury. Herein, we review the therapeutic effects of quercetin in SCI through its modulation of the mTOR signaling pathway and elaborate on how it can be a potential interventional agent for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichen Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuke Fu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tian Jin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuehong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
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Xu MN, Wang Q, Wang M, Xu Y, Yuan SM. Enhanced Activation of mTOR Signaling Pathway Was Found in the Hypertrophic and Nodular Lesions of Port Wine Stains. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:643-651. [PMID: 35444442 PMCID: PMC9014311 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s358612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Port wine stain (PWS) is a congenital skin lesion involving capillary malformations. Most PWS lesions will gradually become hypertrophic and appear nodular in contour. Current research shows that rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, is probably a promising adjunctive therapy for PWS, which suggests that the mTOR signaling pathway may play an important role in its pathological process. Methods From January 2013 to January 2019, 13 samples were obtained during the surgical excision. Each sample was divided into 3 parts according to the type of lesion, namely, the flat, hypertrophic and nodular lesions. Pathologic structures of each type were observed under the microscope after HE staining. The expression of mTORC1, p70S6, p-p70S6, eIF4EBP1 and p-eIF4EBP1 was examined by immunohistochemical staining and western blotting. The location of the expression of mTORC1, p-p70S6 and p-elF4EBP1 was further detected by immunofluorescence staining. Results Large amounts of dilated and malformed vessels were observed in all types of PWS lesions. Abundant hyperplastic hair follicles/glands were shown in the hypertrophic or nodular lesions. Phosphorylation level of p70S6 and elF4EBP1 in PWS was significantly higher than those in normal skin and increased accordingly in the progression of PWS. Activated molecules in mTOR signaling pathway were mostly located in the endothelium of malformed vessels. They were also located in the hyperplastic hair follicles/glands of hypertrophic and nodular lesions. Conclusion The mTOR signaling pathway was increasingly activated during the progression of PWS. Enhanced activation of mTOR signaling pathway may contribute to the hypertrophy and nodularity of PWS. The results provide preliminary evidence for treating PWS and related syndromes by inhibiting mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Nan Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Ming Yuan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, People's Republic of China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, People's Republic of China
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35
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Li Y, Liu H, Liu X, Xiao B, Zhang M, Luo Y, Li M, Yang J. Gracillin Shows Potential Efficacy Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through Inhibiting the mTOR Pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:851300. [PMID: 35392243 PMCID: PMC8980855 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.851300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The leading cause of cancer deaths is lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common type of lung cancers, remains a difficult cancer to treat and cure. It is urgent to develop new products to treat NSCLS. Gracillin, extracted from Reineckia carnea, Dioscorea villosa, and other medicinal plants, has anti-tumor potential with toxic effect on a variety of tumor cells such as NSCLC. However, the anti-NSCLC mechanism of gracillin is not completely clear. In this study, A549 cells and athymic nude mice were used as models to evaluate the anti-NSCLC effects of gracillin. The antiproliferative activity of gracillin on A549 cells was conducted by CCK-8, and obvious autophagy was observed in gracillin-treated A549 through transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the expressions of Beclin-1, LC3-II, and WIPI1 were upregulated, while the expression of p62 was downregulated in gracillin-treated A549. The further mechanism study found that the mTOR signaling pathway was significantly inhibited by gracillin. Accordingly, the PI3K/Akt pathway positively regulating mTOR was inhibited, and AMPK negatively regulating mTOR was activated. Meanwhile, LC3-II transformation was found to be significantly reduced after WIPI1 was silenced in A549 cells but increased after gracillin treatment. It also proves that WIPI is involved in the process of gracillin regulating A549 autophagy. At last, the anti-tumor growth activity of gracillin in vivo was validated in A549-bearing athymic nude mice. In conclusion, gracillin has anti-NSCLC activity by inducing autophagy. The mechanism maybe that gracillin inhibited the mTOR signaling pathway. Gracillin has the potential to be a candidate product for the treatment of NSCLC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Li
- The Clinical Medicine Research Center of the First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hai Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- The Clinical Medicine Research Center of the First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Bang Xiao
- The Clinical Medicine Research Center of the First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Minhong Zhang
- The Clinical Medicine Research Center of the First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yaoling Luo
- The Clinical Medicine Research Center of the First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mingchun Li
- Department of Oncology of the First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jianqiong Yang
- The Clinical Medicine Research Center of the First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Zhuang Y, Huang H, Liu XL, Wang NA, Zhong GF. Effect of bovine lactoferricin on the growth performance, digestive capacity, immune responses and disease resistance in Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2022; 123:282-289. [PMID: 35306176 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, non-specific immunity, immunity and growth genes in Penaeus vannamei fed diets supplemented with Bovine lactoferricin (the basal diet without Bovine lactoferricin, the control; 1.0‰ Bovine lactoferricin,LCB1; 1.5‰ Bovine lactoferricin,LCB1.5; 2.0‰ Bovine lactoferricin, LCB2; 2.5‰ Bovine lactoferricin, LCB2.5) for 56 days. The feeding trial showed that the final weight, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate of the shrimp were improved significantly, while the feed conversion ratio was reduced significantly in the LCB1.5 group compared to the control (P < 0.05). The challenge test of Vibrio parahaemolyticus showed that the cumulative mortalities of shrimp in the LCB1.5, LCB2 and LCB2.5 groups were significantly lower than that in the control (P < 0.05). Compared with the control, Lipase and Trypsin activities in the hepatopancreas of LCB1.5 and LCB2 groups were significantly enhanced (P < 0.05). Compared with the control, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase activities in the hepatopancreas and the relative expression levels of Relish, Toll, JAK, STAT, TOR, Raptor, 4E-BP, eIF4E1α, eIF4E2 genes in the hepatopancreas of LCB1.5, LCB2 and LCB2.5 groups were all significantly enhanced (P < 0.05). These results suggested that dietary Bovine lactoferricin could improve the growth performance, digestive capacity and immune responses of shrimp. When resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shrimp is considered, high dosage of Bovine lactoferricin showed a better effect than low dosage of Bovine lactoferricin. However, high dosage of Bovine lactoferricin can have a negative impact on the growth performance of shrimp. Considering collectively the above, Bovine lactoferricin could improve the growth performance, digestive enzymes activities, immune responses and disease resistance of P. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhuang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - He Huang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xue-Liang Liu
- Zhejiang Hangzhou Tiao Wang Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Nu-An Wang
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Guo-Fang Zhong
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Wen S, Li C, Zhan X. Muti-omics integration analysis revealed molecular network alterations in human nonfunctional pituitary neuroendocrine tumors in the framework of 3P medicine. EPMA J 2022; 13:9-37. [PMID: 35273657 PMCID: PMC8897533 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-022-00274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonfuctional pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (NF-PitNET) is highly heterogeneous and generally considered a common intracranial tumor. A series of molecules are involved in NF-PitNET pathogenesis that alter in multiple levels of genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, and those molecules mutually interact to form dynamically associated molecular-network systems. This article reviewed signaling pathway alterations in NF-PitNET based on the analyses of the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, and emphasized signaling pathway network alterations based on the integrative omics, including calcium signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway, oxidative stress response, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell cycle dysregulation, and those signaling pathway networks are important for NF-PitNET formation and progression. Especially, this review article emphasized the altered signaling pathways and their key molecules related to NF-PitNET invasiveness and aggressiveness that are challenging clinical problems. Furthermore, the currently used medication and potential therapeutic agents that target these important signaling pathway networks are also summarized. These signaling pathway network changes offer important resources for insights into molecular mechanisms, discovery of effective biomarkers, and therapeutic targets for patient stratification, predictive diagnosis, prognostic assessment, and targeted therapy of NF-PitNET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China ,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunling Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China ,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China ,Gastroenterology Research Institute and Clinical Center, Shandong First Medical University, 38 Wuying Shan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250031 People’s Republic of China
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Bian H, Wu Y, Cui Z, Zheng H, Li Y, Zou D. Study on the autophagy-related mechanism of puerarin in improving the cognitive impairment induced by alcohol in female mice. Brain Inj 2022; 36:137-145. [PMID: 35138214 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2037712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-, medium-, and high-dose puerarin on cognitive impairment induced by 50% alcohol in mice and revealed the role of autophagy-related signaling pathways (mTOR and JNK pathways) in this process. RESEARCH DESIGN The alcohol-induced brain injury model was treated with different concentrations of puerarin. The cognitive function of mice was evaluated by the behavioral test, and the changes of target proteins in hippocampus of each experimental group were detected. METHODS AND PROCEDURES 40 female Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups. The cognitive ability of mice was tested by Morris water maze, the morphological changes in the CA1 area of hippocampus were observed by HE staining, and the target proteins in hippocampus were measured by WB and IHC. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Compared with the 50% alcohol group, the expression of p-mTOR/mTOR and p-4E-BP1/4E-BP1 in hippocampus was significantly decreased, while the expression of p-JNK/JNK, Beclin1, and LC3 was significantly increased in the medium- and high-dose puerarin groups. CONCLUSIONS Puerarin could improve the cognitive impairment induced by 50% alcohol. The mTOR and JNK pathways related to autophagy might be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Bian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zhengguo Cui
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Fukui School of Medical Science, Fukui, Japan
| | - Heyu Zheng
- Clinical Medicine Major Grade 2018, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang,Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yanyi Li
- Clinical Medicine Major Grade 2018, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang,Liaoning, PR China
| | - Dan Zou
- Department of Immunology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
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Karagianni F, Pavlidis A, Malakou LS, Piperi C, Papadavid E. Predominant Role of mTOR Signaling in Skin Diseases with Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031693. [PMID: 35163615 PMCID: PMC8835793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, and motility in response to availability of energy and nutrients as well as mitogens. The mTOR signaling axis regulates important biological processes, including cellular growth, metabolism, and survival in many tissues. In the skin, dysregulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may lead to severe pathological conditions characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and inflammation, including skin hyperproliferative as well as malignant diseases. Herein, we provide an update on the current knowledge regarding the pathogenic implication of the mTOR pathway in skin diseases with inflammatory features (such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, pemphigus, and acne) and malignant characteristics (such as cutaneous T cell lymphoma and melanoma) while we critically discuss current and future perspectives for therapeutic targeting of mTOR axis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Karagianni
- National Center of Rare Diseases—Cutaneous Lymphoma, Second Department of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (F.K.); (A.P.); (E.P.)
| | - Antreas Pavlidis
- National Center of Rare Diseases—Cutaneous Lymphoma, Second Department of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (F.K.); (A.P.); (E.P.)
| | - Lina S. Malakou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence:
| | - Evangelia Papadavid
- National Center of Rare Diseases—Cutaneous Lymphoma, Second Department of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (F.K.); (A.P.); (E.P.)
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Trifonova EA, Mustafin ZS, Lashin SA, Kochetov AV. Abnormal mTOR Activity in Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric and MIA-Associated Autism Spectrum Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:967. [PMID: 35055151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by the early onset of communication and behavioral problems. ASD is highly heritable; however, environmental factors also play a considerable role in this disorder. A significant part of both syndromic and idiopathic autism cases could be attributed to disorders caused by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent translation deregulation. This narrative review analyzes both bioinformatic and experimental evidence that connects mTOR signaling to the maternal autoantibody-related (MAR) autism spectrum and autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders simultaneously. In addition, we reconstruct a network presenting the interactions between the mTOR signaling and eight MAR ASD genes coding for ASD-specific maternal autoantibody target proteins. The research discussed in this review demonstrates novel perspectives and validates the need for a subtyping of ASD on the grounds of pathogenic mechanisms. The utter necessity of designing ELISA-based test panels to identify all antibodies related to autism-like behavior is also considered.
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Meng L, Altaye SZ, Feng M, Hu H, Han B, Li J. Phosphoproteomic basis of neuroplasticity in the antennal lobes influences the olfactory differences between A. mellifera and A. cerana honeybees. J Proteomics 2022; 251:104413. [PMID: 34728424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The honeybee species A. mellifera and A. cerana have evolved substantial differences in olfactory-driven behaviors and in peripheral olfactory systems. Knowledge of the central nervous system regulating these olfaction differences is limited, however. We compared the phosphoproteome of the antennal lobes (ALs, the primary olfactory neuropil) of A. mellifera and A. cerana, and identified a total of 2812 phosphopeptides carrying 2971 phosphosites from 1265 phosphoproteins. Of these, 76% of the phosphoproteins were shared by both species, which were mainly presynapse and cytoskeleton components, and were involved in signal transduction and neurotransmitter secretion. This finding indicates the fundamental role of protein phosphorylation in regulating signal transduction in the ALs. The mTOR signaling pathway, the phagosome pathway, and the autophagy pathway, which are important in protein metabolism, were enriched, suggesting glomeruli plasticity and olfactory processing are intensively modulated by phosphorylation via these pathways. Compared with A. mellifera, 107 phosphoproteins associated with protein metabolism and transport were uniquely expressed in A. cerana, indicating the protein synthesis-dependent synaptic plasticity is enhanced in A. cerana to facilitate the processing of more complex floral odor clues in mountain foraging areas. This finding is further supported by the significantly upregulated key phosphoproteins of the mTOR signaling pathway in A. cerana ALs. These results provide insights into the phosphoproteomic basis of neuroplasticity that is coupled with the divergent evolution of bees in different environments. SIGNIFICANCE: To adapt to their own ecological niche, the two major honeybee species, A. mellifera and A. cerana, have developed significant difference in olfactory-driven behaviors, but our understanding of the underlying regulation of the central nervous system is still limitate. Here we performed the first comprehensive phosphoproteomic comparison of antennal lobes (Als) between A. mellifera and A. cerena. A large proportion of the identified phosphosites and phosphoproteins were shared between the two species to serve as a core network in the regulation of signal transduction and glomeruli plasticity of ALs. However, compared with A. mellifera, 107 phosphoproteins associated with protein metabolism and transport were uniquely identified in A. cerana ALs, and also several key phosphoproteins in mTOR signaling pathway were found upregulated in A. cerana. These findings indicate protein phosphorylation enhanced the protein synthesis-dependent synaptic plasticity in A. cerana to facilitate the processing of more complex floral odor clues in mountain foraging areas. Our data provide a valuable insight into phosphoproteome-driven cerebral regulation of honeybee olfactory behaviors, which is potentially useful for further neurobiological investigation in both honeybees and other insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Meng
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Solomon Zewdu Altaye
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, PO Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mao Feng
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Bin Han
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100093, China.
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Li Y, Zhao X, Wang S, Xu K, Zhao X, Huang S, Zhu S. A Novel Loss-of-Function Mutation in the NPRL3 Gene Identified in Chinese Familial Focal Epilepsy with Variable Foci. Front Genet 2021; 12:766354. [PMID: 34868250 PMCID: PMC8633433 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.766354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial focal epilepsy with variable foci is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by partial epilepsy with variable foci. In this study, we report a six-generation with segregation of the mutation present in four generations Chinese family presenting with focal epilepsy with variable foci. Whole exome sequencing confirms a novel pathogenic mutation in the NPRL3 gene (c316C>T; p. Q106*). PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were conducted to analyze the gene transcription, protein expression, and subcellular localization of NPRL3 and related signaling molecules in peripheral blood cells from family members. As compared with healthy family members, both mRNA level and protein expression of NPRL3 are decreased in peripheral blood cells of the mutation carrier. In addition, the expression of downstream molecular Phospho-p70 S6 kinase (P-s6k) are increased consequently. Our findings expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of the NPRL3-associated epilepsy and reveal the mechanisms of mTOR pathway signaling and GATOR1 pathogenesis in focal epilepsies, providing exciting potential for future diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. However, further in vitro and animal experiments are still needed to evaluate the role of NPRL3 loss-of-function mutation in epileptogensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhi Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Suiqiang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Xiao H, Zhang Q, Zhong P, Tang G, Tao L, Huang Z, Guo D, Liao Y, Peng Y, Wu ZL, Wang Y, Ye WC, Shi L. Securinine Promotes Neuronal Development and Exhibits Antidepressant-like Effects via mTOR Activation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3650-3661. [PMID: 34541857 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired differentiation of newborn neurons or abnormalities at the synapses resulted from stress maladaptation could be the key etiology of depression. Recent studies have shown that mTOR, a crucial factor for neuronal differentiation and synapse development, acts as a common factor that mediates the rapid antidepression effects of several new-class antidepressants. In this study, the antidepressant-like activity of securinine, an alkaloid that has central nervous system stimulation ability, was investigated. Both securinine and its enantiomer virosecurinine exhibited potent in vitro activity on neuronal differentiation and synapse development in Neuro-2a cells and cultured hippocampal neurons, and this activity was dependent on the activation of the AKT-mTOR-S6K pathway. Interestingly, only securinine but not virosecurinine showed mTOR stimulation and antidepressant-like activity in mice. Importantly, a single dose of securinine was capable of alleviating the behavioral deficits induced by both acute and chronic stress models within 30 min of administration, suggesting that securinine has rapid onset of action. Moreover, neither a single dose nor a 3 week treatment of securinine had adverse effects on exploratory locomotion of mice. Together, this study identifies that securinine is a potent agent in promoting neuronal differentiation and synapse formation and shows rapid antidepressant-like activity, without inducing abnormal locomotion, via mTOR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Xiao
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
- Nanshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518067, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiyun Zhong
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Genyun Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan, China
| | - Lijun Tao
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengyi Huang
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Daji Guo
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yumei Liao
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinghui Peng
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen-Long Wu
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Shi
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
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Lei Y, Jin X, Sun M, Ji Z. miR-129-5p Ameliorates Ischemic Brain Injury by Binding to SIAH1 and Activating the mTOR Signaling Pathway. J Mol Neurosci 2021. [PMID: 34355355 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been linked with ischemic brain injury (IBI), but the mechanistic actions behind the associated miRNAs remain to be determined. Of note, miR-129-5p was revealed to be downregulated in the serum of patients with IBI. In silico prediction identified a putative target gene, siah E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (SIAH1), of miR-129-5p. Accordingly, this study plans to clarify the functional relevance of the interplay of miR-129-5p and SIAH1 in IBI. IBI was modeled by exposing human hippocampal neuronal cells to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro and by occluding the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) in a mouse model in vivo. Apoptosis of hippocampal neuronal cells was assessed by annexin V-FITC/PI staining and TUNEL staining. The area of cerebral infarction was measured using TTC staining, along with neurological scoring on modeled mice. Loss of hippocampal neuronal cells in the peri-infarct area was monitored using Nissl staining. Downregulated miR-129-5p expression was found in OGD-induced hippocampal neuronal cells and MCAO-treated mice. Mechanistically, miR-129-5p was validated to target and inhibit SIAH1 through the application of dual-luciferase reporter assay. Additionally, enforced miR-129-5p inhibited the apoptosis of OGD-induced cells and decreased the cerebral infarct area, neurological scores and apoptosis of hippocampal neuronal cells by downregulating SIAH1 and activating the mTOR signaling pathway. Taken together, the results of this study reveal the important role and underlying mechanism of miR-129-5p in IBI, providing a promising biomarker for preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Liu J, Zhang Q, Ma N. LncRNA GASAL1 Interacts with SRSF1 to Regulate Trophoblast Cell Proliferation, Invasion, and Apoptosis Via the mTOR Signaling Pathway. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720965182. [PMID: 33028104 PMCID: PMC7784605 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720965182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial regulatory molecules involved in diverse biological processes and human diseases, including preeclampsia (PE). The lncRNA growth arrest associated lncRNA 1 (GASAL1) has been implicated in multiple malignant solid tumors and other diseases, while it is poorly known as the potential molecular mechanism of GASAL1 in PE. In this study, GASAL1 was significantly downregulated in the placentas' of tissues from primipara with PE and trophoblast cell lines. Then, the upregulation of GASAL1 dramatically decreased proliferation and invasion and enhanced apoptosis in HTR-8/SVneo and JAR cells. Bioinformatics tool predicated that there is a potential interaction between GASAL1 and serine/arginine splicing factor 1 (SRSF1). RNA pull-down assays showed that GASAL1 directly binds with SRSF1 that could promote cell proliferation and invasion and suppress cell apoptosis. Further research showed that promoting effects of trophoblasts proliferation and invasion caused by co-transfecting GASAL1 and SRSF1 into HTR-8/SVneo and JAR cells were impaired by SRSF1 knockdown. Moreover, inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity by rapamycin influenced the effects of GASAL1 on cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that lncRNA GASAL1 interacts with SRSF1 to regulate the proliferative, invasive, and apoptotic abilities of trophoblast cells via the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 569063The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 569063The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 569063The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Liu T, Ye P, Ye Y, Han B. MicroRNA-216b targets HK2 to potentiate autophagy and apoptosis of breast cancer cells via the mTOR signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2970-2983. [PMID: 34345220 PMCID: PMC8326127 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.48933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from breast cancer (BC) still have a poor response to treatments, even though early detection and improved therapy have contributed to a reduced mortality. Recent studies have been inspired on the association between microRNAs (miRs) and therapies of BC. The current study set out to investigate the role of miR-216b in BC, and further analyze the underlining mechanism. Firstly, hexokinase 2 (HK2) and miR-216b were characterized in BC tissues and cells by RT-qPCR and Western blot assay. In addition, the interaction between HK2 and miR-216b was analyzed using dual luciferase reporter assay. BC cells were further transfected with a series of miR-126b mimic or inhibitor, or siRNA targeting HK2, so as to analyze the regulatory mechanism of miR-216b, HK2 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, and to further explore their regulation in BC cellular behaviors. The results demonstrated that HK2 was highly expressed and miR-216b was poorly expressed in BC cells and tissues. HK2 was also verified as a target of miR-216b with online databases and dual luciferase reporter assay. Functionally, miR-216b was found to be closely associated with BC progression via inactivating mTOR signaling pathway by targeting HK2. Moreover, cell viability, migration and invasion were reduced as a result of miR-216b upregulation or HK2 silencing, while autophagy, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were induced. Taken together, our findings indicated that miR-216 down-regulates HK2 to inactivate the mTOR signaling pathway, thus inhibiting the progression of BC. Hence, this study highlighted a novel target for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ye
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Ye
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, P.R. China
| | - Baosan Han
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, P.R. China
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Wang L, Cui M, Qu F, Cheng D, Yu J, Tang Z, Cheng L, Wei Y, Wu X, Liu X. MiR-92a-3p promotes the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by mediating the PI3K/AKT/ mTOR signaling pathway. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:3244-3250. [PMID: 34126886 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210612054156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one of the most common cancers in the world, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually has a poor prognosis. Many HCC patients are usually diagnosed at advanced stages. Therefore, new potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC are urgently needed. More and more studies have shown that miR-92a-3p can regulate the occurrence and development of a variety of cancers, but its clinical significance and molecular mechanism in HCC are still elusive. Here, we tried to clarify the regulatory mechanism of miR-92a-3p in HCC. METHODS In this study, we conducted qRT-PCR and revealed that miR-92a-3p was notably upregulated in HCC cells. MTT, flow cytometry, wound healing, Transwell invasion assays and western blot were conducted to uncover that overexpressed miR-92a-3p could boost the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells while inhibiting cell apoptosis. In addition, the proteins associated with PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway were also detected by western blot. RESULTS It was suggested that miR-92a-3p could activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. CONCLUSION These results suggest that miR-92a-3p plays a tumor-promoting role in HCC and may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libing Wang
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Mingxin Cui
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Fengzhi Qu
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Daming Cheng
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Jingkun Yu
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Tang
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Ling Cheng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation, 200231, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbing Wei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation, 200231, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotang Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation, 200231, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
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Wang J, Xiao Y, Li J, Qi M, Tan B. Serum biochemical parameters and amino acids metabolism are altered in piglets by early-weaning and proline and putrescine supplementations. Anim Nutr 2021; 7:334-345. [PMID: 34258421 PMCID: PMC8245818 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The study was to investigate the effect of early-weaning stress and proline (Pro) and putrescine (Put) supplementations on serum biochemical parameters and amino acids (AA) metabolism in suckling and post-weaning pigs. Blood and small intestinal mucosa were harvested from suckling piglets at 1, 7, 14, and 21 d of age and piglets on d 1, 3, 5, and 7 after weaning at 14 d of age, as well as from piglets received oral administration of Pro and Put from 1 to 14 d old. In suckling piglets, the serum glucose, albumin and total cholesterol levels were increased (P < 0.05) with increasing age, whereas the serum globulin, urea nitrogen (BUN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were lowered (P < 0.05). The concentrations of most serum AA and the AA transporters related gene expressions were highest in 7-d-old piglets (P < 0.05), whereas the phosphorylation status of the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in the small intestine increased in piglets from 1 to 21 d old (P < 0.05). Weaning at 14 d old increased (P < 0.05) the BUN and triglycerides levels in serum, as well as jejunal solute carrier family 7 member 6 (SLC7A6), ileal SLC36A1 and SLC1A1 mRNA abundances at d 1 or 3 post-weaning. Weaning also inhibited (P < 0.05) the phosphorylation levels of mTOR and its downstream ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and 4E-binding protein-1 (4EBP1) in the small intestine of weanling pigs. Oral administration of Put and Pro decreased (P < 0.05) serum ALP levels and increased (P < 0.05) intestinal SLC36A1 and SLC1A1 mRNA abundances and mTOR pathway phosphorylation levels in post-weaning pigs. Pro but not Put treatment enhanced (P < 0.05) serum Pro, arginine (Arg) and glutamine (Gln) concentrations of weaning-pigs. These findings indicated that early-weaning dramatically altered the biochemical blood metabolites, AA profile and intestinal mTOR pathway activity, and Pro and Put supplementations improved the AA metabolism and transportation as well as activated the intestinal mTOR pathway in weanling-pigs. Our study has an important implication for the broad application of Pro and Put in the weaning transition of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxin Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10008, China
| | - Bie Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
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Zhan D, Ni T, Wang H, Lv M, Sunagawa M, Liu Y. Celastrol Inhibits the Proliferation and Decreases Drug Resistance of Cisplatin-Resistant Gastric Cancer SGC7901/DDP Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:270-279. [PMID: 34053427 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210528144006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the effect and mechanism of Celastrol inhibiting the proliferation and decreases drug resistance of cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells. OBJECTIVE To explore the effect and mechanism of Celastrol on proliferation and drug resistance of human gastric cancer cisplatin-resistant cells SGC7901/DDP. METHODS The thiazole blue (MTT) method was used to detect the sensitivity of human gastric cancer cisplatin-resistant cells SGC7901/DPP to cisplatin and Celastrol to determine the Drug resistance index (DRI). According to the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) value, the action concentration of the following experimental drugs was set to reduce the cytotoxicity; Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining method was used to detect the apoptosis of SGC7901/DDP cells induced by Celastrol; Western Blot was used to examine the expression levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), Multidrug Resistance Associated Protein 1 (MRP1), Breast Cancer Resistance Associated Protein (Breast Cancer Resistance)-relative protein (BCRP), and mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway related proteins; Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of P-gp, MRP1, and BCRP. RESULTS (1) Compared with the control group (We set the untreated group as the control group), the proliferation of the SGC7901/DPP cells was significantly inhibited after treating with 0.1-6.4μmol/L Celastrol in a time- and concentration-dependent manner (P<0.05). The Drug resistance index DRI of the SGC7901/DPP cells to DDP was 5.64. (2) Compared with the control group, Celastrol could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of the SGC7901/DPP cells (P<0.05). (3) The mRNA and protein expression levels of P-gp, MRP1, and BCRP in the SGC7901/DPP cells were significantly higher than those in the SGC7901 cells. However, after treating with Celastrol, the expression levels of P-gp, MRP1, and BCRP in the SGC7901/DPP cells were significantly reduced (P<0.05). (4) Compared with the control group, the Celastrol treatment also reduced the expression of the mTOR signaling pathway related proteins, suggesting that the mTOR signaling pathway may be involved in the process of Celastrol inhibiting the proliferation of the SGC7901/DDP cells and reducing their drug resistance. (5) Significantly, the combination of Celastrol and DDP reduced the expression of P-gp, MRP1, and BCRP in the SGC7901/DPP cells. CONCLUSION Celastrol can inhibit the proliferation of the SGC7901/DDP cells, induce their apoptosis, and reduce the expression of drug resistance genes, probably by inhibiting the expression of the proteins related to the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Tengyang Ni
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Mengying Lv
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Masataka Sunagawa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142. Japan
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, 225001, China
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Huang ZL, Huang XY, Huang J, Huang XY, Xu YH, Zhou J, Tang ZY. Multiple Omics Integration Reveals Key Circular RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:621353. [PMID: 34094907 PMCID: PMC8170000 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.621353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HCC is one of the most common malignancies with an increasing incidence worldwide, especially in Asian countries. However, even though targeted cancer therapy drugs such as sorafenib and regorafenib are available, the overall outcome of HCC remains unsatisfactory. Thus, it is urgent to investigate the molecular mechanisms of HCC progression, so as to provide accurate diagnostic criteria and therapeutic targets. Methods RNA-seq data was used to identify and quantify circular RNAs (circRNAs). DESeq2 was used to identify the differentially expressed circRNAs. miRNA binding sites within circRNAs were identified by miRanda. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to predict the biological function of circRNAs. Results The differential expression analysis identified 107 upregulated and 95 downregulated circRNAs in HCC tissues. We observed that a differentially expressed circRNA (DE-circRNA), hsa_circ_0141900 was highly negatively correlated with its parental gene RAB1A (PCC < -0.6), which was also closely associated with mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, we also constructed competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network to identify key circRNAs involved in HCC. Notably, hsa_circ_0002130 and hsa_circ_0008774 were highly correlated with the genes involved in gluconeogenesis and HNF3A pathway via the target genes, GOT2 and AR, suggesting that the two circRNAs might regulate these pathways, respectively. Survival analysis revealed that GOT2 was associated with favorable prognosis. Furthermore, high expression of hsa_circ_0002130 was found to inhibit tumor cell growth and promotes GOT2 expression. Conclusion In summary, the circRNAs highlighted by the integrative analysis greatly improved our understanding of the underlying mechanism of circRNAs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Li Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Radiology, Xuhui District Central Hospital of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Yan Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yu Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Hua Xu
- Department of Radiology, Xuhui District Central Hospital of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-You Tang
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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