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Hama Faraj GS, Hussen BM, Abdullah SR, Fatih Rasul M, Hajiesmaeili Y, Baniahmad A, Taheri M. Advanced approaches of the use of circRNAs as a replacement for cancer therapy. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:811-830. [PMID: 38590433 PMCID: PMC10999493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a broad name for a group of diseases in which abnormal cells grow out of control and are characterized by their complexity and recurrence. Although there has been progress in cancer therapy with the entry of precision medicine and immunotherapy, cancer incidence rates have increased globally. Non-coding RNAs in the form of circular RNAs (circRNAs) play crucial roles in the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, and therapy of different diseases, including cancer. According to recent studies, circRNAs appear to serve as accurate indicators and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. However, circRNAs are promising candidates for cutting-edge cancer therapy because of their distinctive circular structure, stability, and wide range of capabilities; many challenges persist that decrease the applications of circRNA-based cancer therapeutics. Here, we explore the roles of circRNAs as a replacement for cancer therapy, highlight the main challenges facing circRNA-based cancer therapies, and discuss the key strategies to overcome these challenges to improve advanced innovative therapies based on circRNAs with long-term health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Sedeeq Hama Faraj
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq
| | - Snur Rasool Abdullah
- Medical Laboratory Science, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lazarus JV, Pujol-Martinez C, Kopka CJ, Batista C, El-Sadr WM, Saenz R, El-Mohandes A. Implications from COVID-19 for future pandemic global health governance. Clin Microbiol Infect 2024; 30:576-581. [PMID: 37011809 PMCID: PMC10065870 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limitations of current global health governance revealed during the COVID-19 pandemic can inform the ongoing deliberations of an international treaty on pandemics. OBJECTIVES To report on WHO definitions for governance and the enforcement of treaties in the context of a proposed international treaty on pandemics. SOURCES This narrative review was based on keyword searches related to public health, global health governance, and enforcement in PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar. Snowballing for additional articles followed the keyword search review. CONTENT WHO lacks a consistent definition of global health governance. Moreover, in its current state, the proposed international treaty on pandemics lacks articulated compliance, accountability, or enforcement mechanisms. Findings reveal that humanitarian treaties often fail to achieve their aims absent clear enforcement mechanisms. The proposed international treaty on public health is garnering a range of perspectives. Decision-makers should evaluate whether a globally aligned definition of global health governance is needed. Decision-makers should also consider whether the proposed international treaty on pandemics should be opposed if it lacks sufficiently clear compliance, accountability, and enforcement mechanisms. IMPLICATIONS To our knowledge, this narrative review is believed to be the first of its kind to search scientific-oriented databases regarding governance and international pandemic treaties. The review includes several findings that advance the literature. These findings, in turn, reveal two key implications for decision-makers. First, whether an aligned definition for governance addressing compliance, accountability, and enforcement mechanisms is needed. Second, whether a draft treaty lacking enforcement mechanisms should be approved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey V Lazarus
- Health Systems Research Group, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York City, NY, USA; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Pujol-Martinez
- Health Systems Research Group, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Political Science, Faculty of Law, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carolina Batista
- Department of Global Health Affairs, Baraka Impact Finance, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wafaa M El-Sadr
- International Center for AIDS Care and Treatment Programs at Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rocio Saenz
- School of Public Health, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Ayman El-Mohandes
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York City, NY, USA
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Collett G, Korszun A, Gupta AK. Potential strategies for supporting mental health and mitigating the risk of burnout among healthcare professionals: insights from the COVID-19 pandemic. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 71:102562. [PMID: 38618205 PMCID: PMC11015336 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthcare professionals (HCPs) experienced prolonged stressful conditions during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and the global situation (particularly in the United Kingdom) meant that they continue to sustain mental stress related to the subsequent cost-of-living and healthcare budgeting crises. The psychological toll on HCPs may lead to increased staff attrition, adversely impacting the quality of patient care and work security. To help mitigate this psychological impact, the current evidence is strongly supportive of healthcare providers consistently adopting programmes fostering improvement in coping and resilience, facilitating healthy lifestyle, and allocating some resources for therapeutic strategies (e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy-based strategies and other strategies specified to trauma-related issues) which can be delivered by trained professionals. We stress that some approaches are not a one-size-fits-all strategy, and we also highlight the need to encourage treatment-seeking among those who need it. These strategies are highly relevant to healthcare employers and policymakers to support all HCPs in settings marked by prolonged periods of stress. The investment in these strategies are expected not only to reduce staff attrition in the long-term, but are likely to add to the cost-effectiveness of overall healthcare budgetary allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Collett
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ania Korszun
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ajay K. Gupta
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Ma B, Bai Y, Hu C, Xie B, Zhang J, Ulbricht M, Zheng L. Space aquatic chemistry: A roadmap for drinking water treatment in microgravity. Environ Sci Ecotechnol 2024; 19:100344. [PMID: 38192688 PMCID: PMC10772392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Rapid advancement in aerospace technology has successfully enabled long-term life and economic activities in space, particularly in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), extending up to 2000 km from the mean sea level. However, the sustainance of the LEO Economy and its Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) still relies on a regular cargo supply of essential commodities (e.g., water, food) from Earth, for which there still is a lack of adequate and sustainable technologies. One key challenge in this context is developing water treatment technologies and standards that can perform effectively under microgravity conditions. Solving this technical challenge will be a milestone in providing a scientific basis and the necessary support mechanisms for establishing permanent bases in outer space and beyond. To identify clues towards solving this challenge, we looked back at relevant scientific research exploring novel technologies and standards for deep space exploration, also considering feedback for enhancing these technologies on land. Synthesizing our findings, we share our outlook for the future of drinking water treatment in microgravity. We also bring up a new concept for space aquatic chemistry, considering the closed environment of engineered systems operating in microgravity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiwen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45117, Germany
| | - Yaohui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Beizhen Xie
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junya Zhang
- Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Mathias Ulbricht
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45117, Germany
| | - Libing Zheng
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45117, Germany
- Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
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Eager S, Johnson S, Pitman A, Uribe M, Qualter P, Pearce E. Young people's views on the acceptability and feasibility of loneliness interventions for their age group. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:308. [PMID: 38654301 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05751-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness is a frequently reported problem for young people aged 16 to 24 years old. A variety of interventions have been developed (but in most cases not extensively evaluated) to try and tackle loneliness in this age group. These include interpersonal, intrapersonal, and social approaches that vary in their content and mechanisms of action. The current study aimed to qualitatively examine young peoples' views on the acceptability and feasibility of different loneliness interventions. METHODS Young people from 16 to 24 years old living in the United Kingdom who self-identified as having experienced loneliness were recruited to participate in this study. We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews to assess their views on the acceptability and feasibility of loneliness interventions for their age group. Interviews were analysed using inductive reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Our analysis of 23 individual interview transcripts identified six themes. These related to the appropriate stage for intervention and how different types of strategies may be best suited to particular contexts; the key facilitators and barriers to engaging young people in an intervention; considerations for optimising the delivery of an intervention; divergent views on technology use in strategies to manage loneliness; the scope of an intervention and whether it takes a targeted or general approach; and the idea of combining different options within an intervention to allow tailoring to individual preferences and nature of loneliness. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the need for continued development of individualised interventions designed to help manage loneliness in this age group. Future loneliness strategies should be co-produced with young people to ensure that they suit the varying needs of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Eager
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, W1T 7NF, London, UK.
| | - Sonia Johnson
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, W1T 7NF, London, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Pitman
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, W1T 7NF, London, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Manuela Uribe
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, W1T 7NF, London, UK
| | - Pamela Qualter
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Eiluned Pearce
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, W1T 7NF, London, UK
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Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Lu X, Li J, Wang M, Zhang W, Zheng M, Sun Z, Xing Y, Li Y, Qu Y, Jiao Y, Han H, Xie C, Mao T. Novel insights into macrophage immunometabolism in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111833. [PMID: 38503012 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an inflammatory subtype of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is characterized by liver steatosis, inflammation, hepatocellular injury and different degrees of fibrosis, and has been becoming the leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of NASH has not been completely clarified, and there are no approved therapeutic drugs. Recent accumulated evidences have revealed the involvement of macrophage in the regulation of host liver steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis, and different phenotypes of macrophages have different metabolic characteristics. Therefore, targeted regulation of macrophage immunometabolism may contribute to the treatment and prognosis of NASH. In this review, we summarized the current evidences of the role of macrophage immunometabolism in NASH, especially focused on the related function conversion, as well as the strategies to promote its polarization balance in the liver, and hold promise for macrophage immunometabolism-targeted therapies in the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Yuan
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xinyu Lu
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Junxiang Li
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Muyuan Wang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wenji Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | | | | | - Yunqi Xing
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yitong Li
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yingdi Qu
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yao Jiao
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haixiao Han
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Chune Xie
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China; Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China.
| | - Tangyou Mao
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China.
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Grissom NM, Glewwe N, Chen C, Giglio E. Sex mechanisms as nonbinary influences on cognitive diversity. Horm Behav 2024; 162:105544. [PMID: 38643533 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2024.105544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Essentially all neuropsychiatric diagnoses show some degree of sex and/or gender differences in their etiology, diagnosis, or prognosis. As a result, the roles of sex-related variables in behavior and cognition are of strong interest to many, with several lines of research showing effects on executive functions and value-based decision making in particular. These findings are often framed within a sex binary, with behavior of females described as less optimal than male "defaults"-- a framing that pits males and females against each other and deemphasizes the enormous overlap in fundamental neural mechanisms across sexes. Here, we propose an alternative framework in which sex-related factors encompass just one subset of many sources of valuable diversity in cognition. First, we review literature establishing multidimensional, nonbinary impacts of factors related to sex chromosomes and endocrine mechanisms on cognition, focusing on value- based decision-making tasks. Next, we present two suggestions for nonbinary interpretations and analyses of sex-related data that can be implemented by behavioral neuroscientists without devoting laboratory resources to delving into mechanisms underlying sex differences. We recommend (1) shifting interpretations of behavior away from performance metrics and towards strategy assessments to avoid the fallacy that the performance of one sex is worse than another; and (2) asking how much variance sex explains in measures and whether any differences are mosaic rather than binary, to avoid assuming that sex differences in separate measures are inextricably correlated. Nonbinary frameworks in research on cognition will allow neuroscience to represent the full spectrum of brains and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola M Grissom
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, United States of America.
| | - Nic Glewwe
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Cathy Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Erin Giglio
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, United States of America
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Marou V, Vardavas CI, Aslanoglou K, Nikitara K, Plyta Z, Leonardi-Bee J, Atkins K, Condell O, Lamb F, Suk JE. The impact of conflict on infectious disease: a systematic literature review. Confl Health 2024; 18:27. [PMID: 38584269 PMCID: PMC11000310 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-023-00568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflict situations, armed or not, have been associated with emergence and transmission of infectious diseases. This review aims to identify the pathways through which infectious diseases emerge within conflict situations and to outline appropriate infectious disease preparedness and response strategies. METHODS A systematic review was performed representing published evidence from January 2000 to October 2023. Ovid Medline and Embase were utilised to obtain literature on infectious diseases in any conflict settings. The systematic review adhered to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis). No geographical restrictions were imposed. FINDINGS Our review identified 51 studies covering AIDS, Hepatitis B, Tuberculosis, Cholera, Coronavirus 2, Ebola, Poliomyelitis, Malaria, Leishmaniasis, Measles, Diphtheria, Dengue and Acute Bacterial Meningitis within conflict settings in Europe, Middle East, Asia, and Africa since October 2023. Key factors contributing to disease emergence and transmission in conflict situations included population displacement, destruction of vital infrastructure, reduction in functioning healthcare systems and healthcare personnel, disruption of disease control programmes (including reduced surveillance, diagnostic delays, and interrupted vaccinations), reduced access by healthcare providers to populations within areas of active conflict, increased population vulnerability due to limited access to healthcare services, and disruptions in the supply chain of safe water, food, and medication. To mitigate these infectious disease risks reported preparedness and response strategies included both disease-specific intervention strategies as well as broader concepts such as the education of conflict-affected populations through infectious disease awareness programmes, investing in and enabling health care in locations with displaced populations, intensifying immunisation campaigns, and ensuring political commitment and intersectoral collaborations between governments and international organisations. CONCLUSION Conflict plays a direct and indirect role in the transmission and propagation of infectious diseases. The findings from this review can assist decision-makers in the development of evidence-based preparedness and response strategies for the timely and effective containment of infectious disease outbreaks in conflict zones and amongst conflict-driven displaced populations. FUNDING European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control under specific contract No. 22 ECD.13,154 within Framework contract ECDC/2019/001 Lot 1B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valia Marou
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Constantine I Vardavas
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Zinovia Plyta
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Jo Leonardi-Bee
- Centre for Evidence Based Healthcare, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kirsty Atkins
- Centre for Evidence Based Healthcare, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Orla Condell
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Support, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Solna, Sweden
| | - Favelle Lamb
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Support, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jonathan E Suk
- Emergency Preparedness and Response Support, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Solna, Sweden.
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Chen Y, Yin X, Lyu C. Circular design strategies and economic sustainability of construction projects in china: the mediating role of organizational culture. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7890. [PMID: 38570561 PMCID: PMC10991412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This research aims to elucidate the relationship between circular design strategies (CDS) and the economic sustainability of construction projects (ESCP), examining the mediating role of organizational culture (OC). Motivated by the imperative to develop a sustainable circular economy (CE) model in the building industry, our study focuses on a crucial dimension of CE processes. Specifically, we investigate how construction firms' organizational values shape their pursuit of desired economic outcomes within CE theory. Through a comprehensive analysis of 359 responses from a cross-sectional survey of Chinese construction firms employing Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), our findings reveal a positive albeit weakly impactful association between CDS and ESCP. Simultaneously, OC is identified as a factor detrimental to ESCP. Notably, this study unveils the influential roles of hierarchical culture (HC) and group culture (GC) in shaping the current state of ESCP in China. Emphasizing the significance of CDS, we propose that contract administrators proactively reposition their organizations to adopt strategies conducive to achieving the necessary economic output for construction projects. The originality aspect lies in this research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering empirical insights into the theoretical framework, marking the first such empirical study in northern China. We conclude by critically examining research outcomes and limitations while providing insightful recommendations for future research to foster sustainable construction practices in the Chinese context.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Chen
- Department of Architecture, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiaomin Yin
- School of Marxism, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chunwei Lyu
- School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11700, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
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Folder N, Power E, Rietdijk R, Christensen I, Togher L, Parker D. The Effectiveness and Characteristics of Communication Partner Training Programs for Families of People With Dementia: A Systematic Review. Gerontologist 2024; 64:gnad095. [PMID: 37439771 PMCID: PMC10949353 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Communication partner training (CPT) is essential in dementia care. Despite families being the largest group of community carers, previous reviews primarily focused on formal carers. This study aimed to understand the characteristics and effectiveness of CPT for families of people with dementia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The systematic review included intervention/protocol studies on dementia CPT for families, excluding formal carers and programs not focused on communication. CINAHL, PsycINFO, SpeechBITE, Medline, SCOPUS, and Embase were searched between November 30 and December 6, 2021. After deduplication, 3,172 records were screened. Quality assessment used JBI Critical Appraisal tools and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Data synthesis utilized three reporting tools, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health, and content analysis. RESULTS Of 30 studies (27 programs), there were 10 quasi-experimental, 5 RCTs, 4 mixed methods, 4 case studies, 4 qualitative, and 2 protocols. Studies were published between 1998 and 2021 and included 671 family members. Characteristics varied with 7/27 programs including consumers during creation and one program including telehealth. One study included all reporting tool criteria. Programs typically used 4 intervention functions, with 12/27 programs addressing 3 behavior change areas. 33/74 outcome measures targeted the "Environment" of the person with dementia. Studies showed positive improvements in communication skills and knowledge, with mixed results on behavior/psychosocial outcomes. Qualitative results identified improvements in conversation and attitudes. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS CPT for families improves communication outcomes, however, quality of studies varied significantly. Future research should address gaps in telehealth, consumer involvement, and intervention descriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Folder
- Faculty of Health, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma Power
- Faculty of Health, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachael Rietdijk
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Iben Christensen
- Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Hovedstaden, Denmark
| | - Leanne Togher
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deborah Parker
- Faculty of Health, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
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Gray A, Ward MK, Fernandez SB, Nawfal ES, Gwanzura T, Li T, Sheehan DM, Jean-Gilles M, Beach MC, Ladner RA, Trepka MJ. Exploring the use of self-management strategies for antiretroviral therapy adherence among women with HIV in the Miami-Dade County Ryan White Program. J Behav Med 2024; 47:282-294. [PMID: 37946027 PMCID: PMC10947905 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Women with HIV (WWH) face increased difficulties maintaining adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) due to a variety of demographic and psychosocial factors. To navigate the complexities of ART regimens, use of strategies to maintain adherence is recommended. Research in this area, however, has largely focused on adherence interventions, and few studies have examined self-reported preferences for adherence strategies. The purpose and objectives of this study were to explore the use of ART self-management strategies among a diverse sample of WWH, examine demographic and psychosocial differences in strategy use, and assess the association between strategies and ART adherence. The current study presents secondary data of 560 WWH enrolled in the Miami-Dade County Ryan White Program. Participants responded to questionnaire items assessing demographic and psychosocial characteristics, use of adherence strategies, and ART adherence during the past month. Principal component analysis identified four categories among the individual strategies and multivariable binomial logistic regression assessed adherence while controlling for individual-level factors. The majority of WWH reported optimal ART adherence, and nearly all used multiple individual strategies. The number of individual strategies used and preferences for strategy types were associated with various demographic and psychosocial characteristics. Adjusting for demographic and psychosocial characteristics, optimal ART adherence during the past month was associated with the use of four or more individual strategies. When conducting regular assessments of adherence, it may be beneficial to also assess use of adherence strategies and to discuss with WWH how using multiple strategies contributes to better adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaliyah Gray
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Melissa K Ward
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
- Research Center for Minority Institutions, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Sofia B Fernandez
- Research Center for Minority Institutions, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
- School of Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Ekpereka S Nawfal
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Tendai Gwanzura
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Tan Li
- Research Center for Minority Institutions, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Diana M Sheehan
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
- Research Center for Minority Institutions, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Michele Jean-Gilles
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Mary Catherine Beach
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, 2024 East Monument Street, Room 2-511, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Robert A Ladner
- Behavioral Science Research Corporation, 2121 Ponce de Leon Boulevard, Suite 240, Coral Gables, FL, 33134, USA
| | - Mary Jo Trepka
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
- Research Center for Minority Institutions, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
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12
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Zarei N, Negarandeh R, Neshat H. Communication challenges caused by wearing masks and strategies used by pediatric nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. J Pediatr Nurs 2024:S0882-5963(24)00097-6. [PMID: 38521662 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The COVID-19 pandemic and the use of facemasks have caused many communication challenges for pediatric nurses. The purpose of this study was to investigate these challenges and the strategies that nurses use to overcome them during the nursing care of sick children. DESIGN AND METHODS This was a qualitative study using conventional content analysis. The nurses were selected by purpose-based sampling and interviewed semi-structurally between April and June 2023 at the Children's Educational Therapy Center in Tabriz, Iran. The sample size was determined by the data saturation principle. The report of this research followed the COREQ guidelines. RESULTS Twelve nurses were interviewed. The analysis revealed four main categories: "Disturbances in communication", "Disturbances in trust", "Disturbances in providing care", and "Nurses' strategies to mitigate the challenges of mask usage. To solve the challenges caused by the mask, nurses used solutions such as removing the mask and mitigating the adverse effects of mask usage they used. The central theme of the study was "Humanistic care requires trust-based communication". CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the communication challenges faced by pediatric nurses due to mask-wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these challenges, nurses have developed innovative strategies to improve communication and build trust with their young patients. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of these strategies. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS These strategies can be useful for other nurses who work with children in similar conditions. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of these strategies in different settings and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Zarei
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Negarandeh
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hanieh Neshat
- Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Nekoei-Moghadam M, Moradi SM, Tavan A. How can the Sendai framework be implemented for disaster risk reduction and sustainable development? A qualitative study in Iran. Global Health 2024; 20:23. [PMID: 38515186 PMCID: PMC10958849 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-024-01028-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sendai Framework is the United Nations' most significant approach to reducing the risk of disasters from 2015 to 2030. This framework designed for all communities. However, communities should create operational and remedial strategies based on their unique circumstances. Considering the gaps in the implementation of Sendai framework strategies in Iran, as a developing country, the present study was designed. METHOD This study was conducted by using a qualitative direct content analysis method to find out the expert's opinions on the implementation of the Sendai framework in Iran from 2021 to 2023. 35 experts in the focus group discussion and 9 experts in the interview were the participants of the study. RESULTS Study findings were merged and reported as one main theme entitled Executive actions for implementing the Sendai Framework, four categories, and 37 codes. Eleven codes for the strategy of understanding disaster risk, 11 codes for the strategy of strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk, eight codes for the strategy of Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience, and finally, seven codes for the strategy of enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to "Build Back Better" in recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction were identified as implementation solutions. CONCLUSION The Sendai Framework has not provided any detailed implementation solutions because the countries' economic, social, level of development, etc., are different. The study's findings can be used as a guide for other developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Nekoei-Moghadam
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyed Mobin Moradi
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Asghar Tavan
- Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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14
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Gatzemeier J, Wilkinson LL, Price MJ, Lee MD. Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e107. [PMID: 38504524 PMCID: PMC11036431 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals often use self-directed strategies to manage intake of tempting foods, but what these strategies are and whether they are effective is not well understood. This study assessed the frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of self-directed strategies in relation to BMI and snack intake. DESIGN A cross-sectional and prospective study with three time points (T1: baseline, T2: 3 months and T3: 3 years). At T1, demographics, frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of forty-one identified strategies were assessed. At T2 and T3, current weight was reported, and at T2 frequency of snack intake was also recorded. SETTING Online study in the UK. PARTICIPANTS Data from 368 participants (Mage = 34·41 years; MBMI = 25·06 kg/m2) were used for analysis at T1, n = 170 (46·20 % of the total sample) at T2 and n = 51 (13·59 %) at T3. RESULTS Two strategy factors were identified via principal axis factoring: (1) diet, exercise, reduction of temptations, and cognitive strategies, and (2) planning, preparation and eating style. For strategy 1, frequency of use, but not subjective effectiveness, was positively related to BMI at T1. Subjective effectiveness predicted an increase in BMI from T1 and T2 to T3. No relationship to snack intake was found. For strategy 2, frequency of use was negatively related to BMI at T1. Neither frequency of use nor subjective effectiveness were related to changes in BMI over time, but subjective effectiveness was negatively correlated with unhealthy snack intake. CONCLUSION Self-directed strategies to reduce the intake of tempting foods are not consistently related to BMI or snack intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Menna J Price
- School of Psychology, Swansea University,
SA2 8PPSwansea, UK
| | - Michelle D Lee
- School of Psychology, Swansea University,
SA2 8PPSwansea, UK
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15
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Singh D. Revolutionizing cellular energy: The convergence of mitochondrial dynamics and delivery technologies. Mitochondrion 2024; 76:101873. [PMID: 38503363 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The intersection of mitochondrial dynamics and delivery technologies heralds a paradigm shift in cellular biology and therapeutic intervention. Mitochondrial dynamics, encompassing fusion, fission, transport, and mitophagy, are critical for cellular energy production, signaling, and homeostasis. Dysregulation of these processes is implicated in a myriad of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Concurrently, advances in delivery technologies, such as nanocarriers, targeted delivery systems, and gene editing tools, offer unprecedented opportunities to manipulate mitochondrial function directly. This review synthesizes current knowledge on mitochondrial dynamics, examines recent breakthroughs in targeted delivery methods, and explores their potential convergence to modulate cellular energetics for therapeutic purposes. By integrating insights from biology, chemistry, and bioengineering, this review highlights the innovative approaches being developed to enhance mitochondrial function, underscoring the potential of this convergence to address complex diseases. This interdisciplinary perspective not only broadens our understanding of cellular processes but also paves the way for novel therapeutic strategies, marking a significant step forward in the quest for precision medicine and targeted interventions in mitochondrial-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Singh
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India.
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16
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Murillo Galvis M, Ortegon Ochoa S, Plata García CE, Valderrama Junca MP, Inga Ceballos DA, Mora Gómez DM, Granados CM, Rondón M. Exclusive breastfeeding greater than 50%, success of education in a university hospital in Bogotá: Case-control study. World J Clin Pediatr 2024; 13:87713. [PMID: 38596436 PMCID: PMC11000057 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v13.i1.87713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintenance rates of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) worldwide are low, thus, one of the objectives of the summary of policies on breastfeeding (BF) in world nutrition goals for 2025 are that at least 50% of infants under six months of age receive EBF that year. The Objective of this study is to document the rates of EBF in children born in San Ignacio University Hospital (HUSI) and identify factors associated with maintenance. AIM To document the percentages of EBF in those that were born at HUSI and identify factors associated to their maintenance. METHODS This is a study of cases and controls in an analytic, retrospective cohort that took children born alive between January 2016 and January 2019 at HUSI located in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. RESULTS Receiving information about BF at HUSI was able to maintain EBF up until 4 mo (OR = 1.65; 95%CI: 1.02-2.66). The presence of gynecologic and obstetric comorbidities (OR = 0.32; 95%CI: 0.12-0.83), having mastitis (OR = 0.56; 95%CI: 0.33-0.94), and receiving information from mass media (OR = 0.52; 95%CI: 0.31-0.84) are factors associated with not maintaining EBF. CONCLUSION Receiving education at a Women- and Child-Friendly Institution was the only significant factor to achieve EBF until 4 mo, with a frequency greater than the one reported in the country, which matches multiple studies where counseling and individualized support on BF achieve this purpose. Knowledge about BF and early detection of obstetric/gynecologic complications must be strengthened among the healthcare staff in charge of mothers during post-partum. Additionally, strategies must be promoted to continue BF such as creating milk banks with the objective of increasing BF rates even when mothers return to work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia Ortegon Ochoa
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá 110111, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Claudia M Granados
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontifica Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110111, Colombia
| | - Martin Rondón
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontifica Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110111, Colombia
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17
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Wang L, Long DY. Significant risk factors for intensive care unit-acquired weakness: A processing strategy based on repeated machine learning. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:1235-1242. [PMID: 38524515 PMCID: PMC10955529 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i7.1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a common complication that significantly impacts the patient's recovery process, even leading to adverse outcomes. Currently, there is a lack of effective preventive measures. AIM To identify significant risk factors for ICU-AW through iterative machine learning techniques and offer recommendations for its prevention and treatment. METHODS Patients were categorized into ICU-AW and non-ICU-AW groups on the 14th day post-ICU admission. Relevant data from the initial 14 d of ICU stay, such as age, comorbidities, sedative dosage, vasopressor dosage, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, and rehabilitation therapy, were gathered. The relationships between these variables and ICU-AW were examined. Utilizing iterative machine learning techniques, a multilayer perceptron neural network model was developed, and its predictive performance for ICU-AW was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS Within the ICU-AW group, age, duration of mechanical ventilation, lorazepam dosage, adrenaline dosage, and length of ICU stay were significantly higher than in the non-ICU-AW group. Additionally, sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, hypoalbuminemia, acute heart failure, respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, anemia, stress-related gastrointestinal bleeding, shock, hypertension, coronary artery disease, malignant tumors, and rehabilitation therapy ratios were significantly higher in the ICU-AW group, demonstrating statistical significance. The most influential factors contributing to ICU-AW were identified as the length of ICU stay (100.0%) and the duration of mechanical ventilation (54.9%). The neural network model predicted ICU-AW with an area under the curve of 0.941, sensitivity of 92.2%, and specificity of 82.7%. CONCLUSION The main factors influencing ICU-AW are the length of ICU stay and the duration of mechanical ventilation. A primary preventive strategy, when feasible, involves minimizing both ICU stay and mechanical ventilation duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, People's Hospital of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Kaili 556000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Deng-Yan Long
- Intensive Care Unit, People's Hospital of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Kaili 556000, Guizhou Province, China
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18
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Roberge C, Meunier S. Development and Initial Validation of a Questionnaire Measuring Self-management Strategies that Promote Psychological Health at Work. J Occup Rehabil 2024; 34:238-250. [PMID: 37584756 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-management strategies have been identified as a promising avenue to promote mental health and functioning at work. However, the absence of a validated questionnaire to assess the use of strategies that can be adopted in the workplace has limited empirical research on this topic. This study seeks to develop and validate a questionnaire measuring mental health self-management strategies used by workers to promote their mental health and functioning at work: the Workplace Mental Health Self-Management Questionnaire (WMHSQ). METHODS An initial list of 72 self-management strategies was generated from the content of 25 interviews conducted with workers experiencing depressive or anxiety symptoms. Content experts on mental health at work identified the 47 most relevant items. To validate the WMHSQ, 365 workers completed the WMHSQ and criterion-related measures (depressive and anxiety symptoms, work functioning, self-management and coping). Two weeks later, 235 participants completed the WMHSQ once again. RESULTS Principal component analysis revealed a four-factor solution composed of 21 self-management strategies: Managing Thoughts and Emotions, Managing Recovery, Managing Relationships and Managing Tasks. The WMHSQ shows adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Correlational analyses support convergent and concurrent validity. LIMITATIONS Since this is an initial psychometric validation of the WMHSQ, only an exploratory factor analysis was performed. It will therefore be important to validate the structure of this new psychometric tool through confirmatory factor analysis in a subsequent study. CONCLUSIONS The strategies identified in the WMHSQ can form the basis for developing practical tools and interventions to promote mental health self-management at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Roberge
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, 100 Sherbrooke West, Montreal, H2X 3P2, Canada.
| | - Sophie Meunier
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, 100 Sherbrooke West, Montreal, H2X 3P2, Canada
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19
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Ashipala DO, Nuuyoma T. Exploring challenges and improvement strategies of adolescent-friendly health services in the northwest region of Namibia: A qualitative descriptive study. Afr J Reprod Health 2024; 28:73-82. [PMID: 38425187 DOI: 10.29063/ajrh2024/v28i2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite global agreements on adolescents' sexual and reproductive health and rights, access to and the utilisation of these services by the adolescents remain underutilised in low and middle-income countries. The aim of the study was to explore challenges and improvement strategies of adolescent-friendly health services in the northwest of Namibia. This study employed a qualitative approach utilising an explorative strategy. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. Fifteen nurses were selected using a convenience sampling technique. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and the data were analysed using thematic analysis. The data analysis led to the emergence of the following three themes: Challenges affecting the delivery of Adolescent Friendly Health Services, Challenges affecting participation of adolescent to AFHS and strategies to improve the provision of adolescent-friendly health services. Findings from this study revealed several barriers reportedly faced by adolescents in accessing AFHS as including a lack of comprehensive sexual reproductive health (SRH) services in many healthcare facilities, a lack of trained staff, unfavourable environments for adolescents, a lack of information about the services provided, and recruitment of providers who are not friendly to young people and adolescents. This study findings may lead to an improvement in the provision of such services in healthcare settings. The study can lead to an improvement in the provision of adolescent-friendly services in health care settings. It can help the Ministry of Health and Social Services, along with its agencies, to formulate strategies that can be used to mitigate the challenges d in the provision of adolescent-friendly services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel O Ashipala
- Department of General Nursing Science, School of Nursing and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia (UNAM), Rundu, Namibia
| | - Tangeni Nuuyoma
- District Primary Healthcare Office, Oshakati District, Family Health Division, Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS), Oshana Region, Namibia
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20
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Ntawukuriryayo JT, VanderZanden A, Amberbir A, Teklu A, Huda FA, Maskey M, Sall M, Garcia PJ, Subedi RK, Sayinzoga F, Hirschhorn LR, Binagwaho A. Inequity in the face of success: understanding geographic and wealth-based equity in success of facility-based delivery for under-5 mortality reduction in six countries. BMC Pediatr 2024; 23:651. [PMID: 38413911 PMCID: PMC10900542 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04387-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Between 2000-2015, many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) implemented evidence-based interventions (EBIs) known to reduce under-5 mortality (U5M). Even among LMICs successful in reducing U5M, this drop was unequal subnationally, with varying success in EBI implementation. Building on mixed methods multi-case studies of six LMICs (Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Nepal, Peru, Rwanda, and Senegal) leading in U5M reduction, we describe geographic and wealth-based equity in facility-based delivery (FBD), a critical EBI to reduce neonatal mortality which requires a trusted and functional health system, and compare the implementation strategies and contextual factors which influenced success or challenges within and across the countries. METHODS To obtain equity gaps in FBD coverage and changes in absolute geographic and wealth-based equity between 2000-2015, we calculated the difference between the highest and lowest FBD coverage across subnational regions and in the FBD coverage between the richest and poorest wealth quintiles. We extracted and compared contextual factors and implementation strategies associated with reduced or remaining inequities from the country case studies. RESULTS The absolute geographic and wealth-based equity gaps decreased in three countries, with greatest drops in Rwanda - decreasing from 50 to 5% across subnational regions and from 43 to 13% across wealth quintiles. The largest increases were seen in Bangladesh - from 10 to 32% across geography - and in Ethiopia - from 22 to 58% across wealth quintiles. Facilitators to reducing equity gaps across the six countries included leadership commitment and culture of data use; in some countries, community or maternal and child health insurance was also an important factor (Rwanda and Peru). Barriers across all the countries included geography, while country-specific barriers included low female empowerment subnationally (Bangladesh) and cultural beliefs (Ethiopia). Successful strategies included building on community health worker (CHW) programs, with country-specific adaptation of pre-existing CHW programs (Rwanda, Ethiopia, and Senegal) and cultural adaptation of delivery protocols (Peru). Reducing delivery costs was successful in Senegal, and partially successful in Nepal and Ethiopia. CONCLUSION Variable success in reducing inequity in FBD coverage among countries successful in reducing U5M underscores the importance of measuring not just coverage but also equity. Learning from FBD interventions shows the need to prioritize equity in access and uptake of EBIs for the poor and in remote areas by adapting the strategies to local context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fauzia Akhter Huda
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Patricia J Garcia
- School of Public Health at Cayetano, Heredia University, Lima, Peru
- Global Health Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Felix Sayinzoga
- Rwanda Biomedical Center, Maternal, Child, and Community Health Division, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Lisa R Hirschhorn
- University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda
- Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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21
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Irving D, Page B, Carthey J, Higham H, Undre S, Vincent C. Adaptive strategies used by surgical teams under pressure: an interview study among senior healthcare professionals in four major hospitals in the United Kingdom. Patient Saf Surg 2024; 18:8. [PMID: 38383433 PMCID: PMC10880194 DOI: 10.1186/s13037-024-00390-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare systems are operating under substantial pressures, and often simply cannot provide the standard of care they aspire to within the available resources. Organisations, managers, and individual clinicians make constant adaptations in response to these pressures, which are typically improvised, highly variable and not coordinated across clinical teams. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the types of everyday pressures experienced by surgical teams and the adaptive strategies they use to respond to these pressures. METHODS We conducted interviews with 20 senior multidisciplinary healthcare professionals from surgical teams in four major hospitals in the United Kingdom. The interviews explored the types of everyday pressures staff were experiencing, the strategies they use to adapt, and how these strategies might be taught to others. RESULTS The primary pressures described by senior clinicians in surgery were increased numbers and complexity of patients alongside shortages in staff, theatre space and post-surgical beds. These pressures led to more difficult working conditions (e.g. high workloads) and problems with system functioning such as patient flow and cancellation of lists. Strategies for responding to these pressures were categorised into increasing or flexing resources, controlling and prioritising patient demand and strategies for managing the workload (scheduling for efficiency, communication and coordination, leadership, and teamwork strategies). CONCLUSIONS Teams are deploying a range of strategies and making adaptations to the way care is delivered. These findings could be used as the basis for training programmes for surgical teams to develop coordinated strategies for adapting under pressure and to assess the impact of different combinations of strategies on patient safety and surgical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulcie Irving
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Bethan Page
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Cicely Saunders Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Helen Higham
- Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Shabnam Undre
- Department of Urology, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Foundation Trust, Stevenage, UK
| | - Charles Vincent
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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22
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Boaz A, Baeza J, Fraser A, Persson E. 'It depends': what 86 systematic reviews tell us about what strategies to use to support the use of research in clinical practice. Implement Sci 2024; 19:15. [PMID: 38374051 PMCID: PMC10875780 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-024-01337-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gap between research findings and clinical practice is well documented and a range of strategies have been developed to support the implementation of research into clinical practice. The objective of this study was to update and extend two previous reviews of systematic reviews of strategies designed to implement research evidence into clinical practice. METHODS We developed a comprehensive systematic literature search strategy based on the terms used in the previous reviews to identify studies that looked explicitly at interventions designed to turn research evidence into practice. The search was performed in June 2022 in four electronic databases: Medline, Embase, Cochrane and Epistemonikos. We searched from January 2010 up to June 2022 and applied no language restrictions. Two independent reviewers appraised the quality of included studies using a quality assessment checklist. To reduce the risk of bias, papers were excluded following discussion between all members of the team. Data were synthesised using descriptive and narrative techniques to identify themes and patterns linked to intervention strategies, targeted behaviours, study settings and study outcomes. RESULTS We identified 32 reviews conducted between 2010 and 2022. The reviews are mainly of multi-faceted interventions (n = 20) although there are reviews focusing on single strategies (ICT, educational, reminders, local opinion leaders, audit and feedback, social media and toolkits). The majority of reviews report strategies achieving small impacts (normally on processes of care). There is much less evidence that these strategies have shifted patient outcomes. Furthermore, a lot of nuance lies behind these headline findings, and this is increasingly commented upon in the reviews themselves. DISCUSSION Combined with the two previous reviews, 86 systematic reviews of strategies to increase the implementation of research into clinical practice have been identified. We need to shift the emphasis away from isolating individual and multi-faceted interventions to better understanding and building more situated, relational and organisational capability to support the use of research in clinical practice. This will involve drawing on a wider range of research perspectives (including social science) in primary studies and diversifying the types of synthesis undertaken to include approaches such as realist synthesis which facilitate exploration of the context in which strategies are employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Boaz
- Health and Social Care Workforce Research Unit, The Policy Institute, King's College London, Virginia Woolf Building, 22 Kingsway, London, WC2B 6LE, UK.
| | - Juan Baeza
- King's Business School, King's College London, 30 Aldwych, London, WC2B 4BG, UK
| | - Alec Fraser
- King's Business School, King's College London, 30 Aldwych, London, WC2B 4BG, UK
| | - Erik Persson
- Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário Reitor João Davi Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis, SC, 88.040-900, Brazil
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Frimpong R, Acheampong EY. "If You Don't Arrange Your Bets Well You Will Still Lose": Gambling Strategies of Visually Impaired Students. J Gambl Stud 2024:10.1007/s10899-023-10279-y. [PMID: 38311693 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-023-10279-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Few studies have focused on people with hearing loss and intellectual disabilities engaging in gambling activities. However, people with visual impairments' energetic participation in sports betting activities is unexplored. This article highlights sports betting strategies of visually impaired students to understand how their motives affect their gambling behaviours as an alternative to their survival. Six male adults aged between 27 and 40 years participated using semi-structured interviews, which were conducted face-to-face, recorded, transcribed, and thematically analysed with the Braun and Clarke model. Findings show that sports betting prevails in communities fostering peer persuasion including family relations serving as an inducer for visually impaired students. Their strategies are varied including the fewer the better concept based on teams' selection dynamics. While they are inspired by potential economic gains, some recognise it as acquiring entrepreneurial skills because of risk-taking, thus asymmetry and disconnected. The article recommends stakeholders' education to provide better policies that can remind them to bet for leisure or desist from gambling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Frimpong
- Department of Health, Physical Education, Recreation & Sport, University of Education, Winneba, P. O. Box 25, Winneba, Ghana
| | - Ernest Yeboah Acheampong
- Department of Health, Physical Education, Recreation & Sport, University of Education, Winneba, P. O. Box 25, Winneba, Ghana.
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24
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Jaya ZN, Mapanga W, Moetlhoa B, Mashamba-Thompson TP. Nurses' perspectives on user-friendly self-sampling interventions for diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections among young women in eThekwini district municipality: a nominal group technique. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:106. [PMID: 38238703 PMCID: PMC10797754 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syndromic management in the main non-laboratory-based management approach for sexually transmitted infections (STI) in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) but it has limitations. Self-sampling has been proven as a suitable alternative approach to help improve management STIs by improving access to diagnosis among vulnerable populations. We sought to determine health workers' perspectives on user-friendly self-sampling interventions for STIs among young women in eThekwini District Municipality. METHODS Healthcare workers providing STI healthcare services in the study location participated in a nominal group technique (NGT) workshop. The NGT workshop was aimed enabling collaboration with key health providers in identifying user-friendly self-sampling interventions for diagnosis of STIs among young women. Data collection was conducted in two phases: phase 1 determined barrier that hinder young women from accessing current STI healthcare services and phase 2 focused on determining the key strategies for self-sampling interventions to diagnose STIs in young women. Thematic analysis and percentage form analysis were used to examine qualitative and quantitative data respectively. RESULTS The following barriers were identified: negligence; myths about STIs; fear of judgement; denial; operating hours; lack of knowledge of STI symptoms and safe sex practices; and stigma associated with STIs. The following strategies were suggested: hand out self-sampling kits at popular restaurants; collect self-sampling kits from security guard at primary healthcare clinics (PHCs); receive STI diagnostic results via SMS or email or the clinic for treatment; improve youth friendly services at PHCs; educate the public on proper use of the kits. Education about STIs and handing out self-sampling kits at clinics, universities, schools, pharmacies or via outreach teams were ranked high priority strategies. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the need to address stigma and fear of judgment and provide comprehensive education to improve healthcare-seeking behaviour in young women. Additionally, the study also indicates that using eHealth solutions could significantly enhance the accessibility and efficiency of STI healthcare services in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziningi N Jaya
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Natural Science, Mangosuthu University of Technology, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
| | - Witness Mapanga
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Boitumelo Moetlhoa
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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25
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Lu X, Zhang W, Jia X, Bao X, Zhang X, Kang J, Du S, Yin Z. Exploring the problems and coping strategies of pharmacy internship in large general hospitals in China: from the perspective of preceptors. BMC Med Educ 2024; 24:69. [PMID: 38233919 PMCID: PMC10795210 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of the Hospital Pharmacy Preceptor (HPP) is pivotal in upholding the excellence of experiential training and fostering the professional growth of pharmacy interns. However, there is a lack of studies that provide an overview of pharmacy internships from the perspective of HPP. This study explores the experience and expectations of HPPs regarding existing problems and possible coping strategies in intern teaching. METHODS This is a qualitative study that was conducted through individual interviews and focus group discussions. HPPs were invited as participants from large-scale tertiary hospitals in representative provinces of mainland China. Interview and focus group discussion data were analyzed using thematic analysis to see emerging themes from the data. Nvivo 12 was utilized for data management and processing. RESULTS Eight individual interviews and two focus group discussions were conducted, involving 14 HPPs as participants. Upon the examination of the interviews and focus group data, four themes were summarized regarding HPPs' perceptions: 1) current presenting problems; 2) possible coping strategies; 3) something HPPs should do; 4) something interns should do. CONCLUSION This study found that from the HPPs' perspective, the hospital-based pharmacy internship still has some problems from policy to practice, which need to be addressed by the joint efforts of the state, schools, internship bases, pharmacy preceptors, and students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Drug Clinical Comprehensive Evaluation Center, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xuedong Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiaoyue Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Drug Clinical Comprehensive Evaluation Center, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Drug Clinical Comprehensive Evaluation Center, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Shuzhang Du
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Zhao Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Institute for Hospital Management of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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26
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Sturgis CD, LeBlanc JB, Smith MA, McNair SA, Hansing KL, Bammert CE, Russell DK, Howell JM, Alperstein SA, Lennen K, Srebotnik-Kirbis I, Paradis VA, van Zuylen-Manders L, Liikanen E, Freund G, Davey DD, Goulart R, Yuil-Valdes A, Vielh P, Brainard JA, Hitchens SW, Donnelly A. Editorial: Optimizing Schools of Cytology: Discussions from the 2022 ASC/IAC Cytology Education Symposium, North American Strategies, and European Symbiosis. J Am Soc Cytopathol 2024; 13:4-9. [PMID: 38184364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasc.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
This report highlights information and outcomes from the November 2022 ASC/IAC joint Cytology Education Symposium, an annual conference organized by the Cytology Programs Review Committee. The manuscript provides information on shared educational opportunities and practices for cytology students and other learners in anatomic pathology, discusses recruitment strategies for schools of cytology, conveys teaching resources, introduces perspectives on virtual microscopy and online learning, and transmits information about wellness of students in schools of cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenna B LeBlanc
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, New York
| | - Michele A Smith
- University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sean A McNair
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - Joshua M Howell
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Kelly Lennen
- Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | - Gregory Freund
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - Robert Goulart
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
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Xilong C, Junjun Z, Yuliang S, Wanmei Y, Xiumei W, Xiuling H, Haiyang Y, Chengmin L, Zikai H. Biomechanical Comparison of Different Treatment Strategies for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture: A Finite Element Study. World Neurosurg 2023; 180:e429-e439. [PMID: 37757943 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical performance of 6 pedicle screw internal fixation strategies for the treatment of burst fractures of the thoracolumbar spine using finite element (FE) analysis. METHODS A finite element model of the T11-L3 thoracolumbar segment was established to simulate L1 vertebral burst fractures, and 6 models were conducted under multidirectional loading conditions: P2-D2, P1-D1, P2-D1,P1-D, P1-BF-D1, and P1-UF-D1. The range of motion (ROM) in the T12-L2 region and the von Mises stresses of pedicle screws and rods under the 6 internal fixation models were mainly analyzed. RESULTS The maximum ROM and von Mises stress were obtained under flexion motion in all models. The P1-BF-D1 model had the least ROM and screw stress. However, when the injured vertebra was not nailed bilaterally, the P1-UF-D1 model had the smallest ROM; the maximum von Mises stress on the screw and rod was remarkably higher than that recorded in the other models. Moreover, the P2-D1 model had a ROM similar to that of the P1-D2 model, but with lower screw stress. The 2 models outperformed the P1-D1 model in all 6 conditions. The P2-D2 model had a similar ROM with the P2-D1 model; nevertheless, the maximum von Mises stress was not substantially reduced. CONCLUSIONS The P1-BF-D1 model exhibited better stability and less von Mises stress on the pedicle screws and rods, thereby reducing the risk of screw loosening and fracture. The P2-D1 internal fixation approach is recommended when the fractured vertebrae are not nailed bilaterally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Xilong
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; Spinal Deformity Clinical and Research Center of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Zhu Junjun
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun Yuliang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wanmei
- Spinal Deformity Clinical and Research Center of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Anhui, China; Department of Orthopedics, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Wang Xiumei
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huang Xiuling
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Haiyang
- Spinal Deformity Clinical and Research Center of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Anhui, China; Department of Orthopedics, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Chengmin
- Spinal Deformity Clinical and Research Center of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Anhui, China; Department of Orthopedics, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Zikai
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; Spinal Deformity Clinical and Research Center of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Anhui, China.
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28
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Manzo ML, Doudou Halidou M, Dramaix Wilmet M, Donnen P. Trends in malnutrition among children under 5 in Niger: a retrospective analysis of demographic and nutrition surveys comparing 2008-2014 with 2015-2021. Public Health 2023; 225:151-159. [PMID: 37925840 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES For decades, Niger, a Sahelian country in Africa, has faced serious food and nutrition crises. Policies and strategies have been implemented by the Government, with the support of its partners, to address this public health problem. The current study was conducted to assess trends in malnutrition among children under 5 years of age. By comparing results from 2008 to 2014 with results from 2015 to 2021, this study aimed to check the efficacy of strategies and policies that were implemented to combat malnutrition. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. METHODS Data from the annual nutrition survey Standardized Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transitions and the Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Surveys were used. Meta-analyses were performed on the data as a whole and in each age group by time period. For analysis of age groups, the 95% confidence interval (CI) data were missing, thus an estimate was made from the 'design effect' calculated based on existing CIs. RESULTS Institutional arrangements had not changed from 2008 to 2014 to 2015-2021, and there were very few changes to existing strategies and policies. The prevalence of Global Acute Malnutrition and Global Chronic Malnutrition (GCM) both remained above critical thresholds for each year in both periods. GCM was above the emergency threshold for both periods, indicating that all regions of the country were affected by malnutrition. The most populated regions (40%) of Maradi and Zinder were the most affected by malnutrition. These two regions also had highest incidence of poverty and the least health service coverage. CONCLUSIONS Despite the implementation of various policies and strategies, the nutritional status of children under 5 remains an important public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Manzo
- School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | | | | | - P Donnen
- School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
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Compagnoni R, Cucchi D, Klumpp R, Ronga M, Berruto M, Di Giacomo G, Randelli PS. Operational strategies to deal with the COVID-19 emergency: recommendations from the Italian national society SIAGASCOT following the introduction of vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Musculoskelet Surg 2023; 107:471-479. [PMID: 37658981 PMCID: PMC10709259 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-023-00796-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article aims to present the operational recommendations adopted by the Italian national society for orthopaedic surgery, arthroscopy, and sports medicine (SIAGASCOT) in managing patients eligible to undergo elective orthopaedic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic after the beginning of a national vaccination campaign. MATERIALS AND METHODS An extensive literature search, analysing medical databases and scientific societies protocols, was performed to support this document. A four-step approach was used: 1-definition of priorities; 2-definition of significant clusters of interventions; 3-extraction of recommendations from international literature; and 4-adaptation of the recommendations to the specific features of the Italian healthcare system. RESULTS Three operational priorities were defined ("continuity of care and containment of the virus spread", "examination of waiting lists", and "definition of the role of vaccines"), six significant clusters of intervention were identified, and recommendations regarding the risk management for healthcare staff and hospital facility as well as the preoperative, in-hospital, and postoperative management were produced. Patient selection, preoperative screening, and pre-hospitalization procedures, which are regarded as pivotal roles in the safe management of patients eligible to undergo elective orthopaedic surgery, were analysed extensively. CONCLUSIONS This document presents national-wide recommendations for managing patients eligible to undergo elective orthopaedic surgery with the beginning of the vaccination campaign. This paper could be the basis for similar documents adapted to the local healthcare systems in other countries. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Compagnoni
- 1° Clinica Ortopedica, ASST Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via della Commenda 10, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Cucchi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Raymond Klumpp
- Reparto di Ortopedia e Traumatologia dell`Ospedale di Treviglio-Caravaggio, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Piazzale Ospedale Luigi Meneguzzo, 24047, Treviglio, Italy
| | - Mario Ronga
- Orthopaedic and Trauma Operative Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara - Italy. "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Corso Mazzini n.18, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Massimo Berruto
- 1° Clinica Ortopedica, ASST Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Giacomo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Concordia Hospital for Special Surgery, 00145, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro S Randelli
- 1° Clinica Ortopedica, ASST Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Kang X, Yang X, He Y, Guo C, Li Y, Ji H, Qin Y, Wu L. Strategies and materials for the prevention and treatment of biofilms. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100827. [PMID: 37859998 PMCID: PMC10582481 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are aggregates of organized microbial growth that function as barriers and create a stable internal environment for cell survival. The bacteria in the biofilms exhibit characteristics that are quite different from the planktonic bacteria, such as strong resistance to antibiotics and other bactericides, getting out of host immunity, and developing in harsh environments, which all contribute to the persistent and intractable treatment. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel materials and strategies to combat biofilms. However, most of the reviews on anti-biofilms published in recent years are based on specific fields or materials. Microorganisms are ubiquitous, except in the context of medical and health issues; however, biofilms exert detrimental effects on the advancement and progress of various fields. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of effective strategies and methodologies applicable across all industries. Firstly, the process of biofilms formation was introduced to enhance our comprehension of the "enemy". Secondly, strategies to intervene in the important links of biofilms formation were discussed, taking timely action during the early weak stages of the "enemy". Thirdly, treatment strategies for mature biofilms were summarized to deal with biofilms that break through the defense line. Finally, several substances with antibacterial properties were presented. The review concludes with the standpoint of the author about potential developments of anti-biofilms strategies. This review may help researchers quickly understand the research progress and challenges in the field of anti-biofilms to design more efficient methods and strategies to combat biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Kang
- School of Public Health, Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- School of Public Health, Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yue He
- School of Public Health, Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Conglin Guo
- School of Public Health, Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yuechen Li
- School of Public Health, Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Haiwei Ji
- School of Public Health, Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yuling Qin
- School of Public Health, Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Li Wu
- School of Public Health, Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
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Luo Z, Yun L. Investigating risks and strategies in adopting green tourism practices in developing economy. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:123710-123728. [PMID: 37989948 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
In emerging economies, the tourism industry is crucial for economic growth, but it also carries substantial environmental and social risks. Promoting sustainability and reducing the detrimental effects of tourism are two benefits of using green tourism strategies. In order to assess the efficiency of various green tourism practices in reducing these risks, this study will first define the main risks and sub-risks related to implementing green tourist practices in China's developing economy. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and simple additive weighting (SAW) methods are used in the study to assess the multiple risks and strategies of various green tourism initiatives. The results of the AHP method show that economic, environmental, and political risks impede the implementation of green tourism for sustainable development. According to the SAW method findings, clear and effective regulations and guidelines, infrastructure development, and public-private partnerships are top-ranked strategy risks to adopting green tourism practices in China. The study provides implications for policymakers and tourism business owners in developing economies to promote the use of sustainable tourism practices. The study highlights effective strategies to promote sustainability and increase the adoption of sustainable tourism practices. The study offers useful insights for the government, stakeholders, and policymakers to take into account the risks and challenges involved with implementing green tourism practices in the context of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenrong Luo
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, HaiKou, 571126, Hainan, China
| | - Laiyan Yun
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, HaiKou, 571126, Hainan, China.
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Ni F, Wu Z, Zhao P. Programmed intermittent epidural bolus in maintenance of epidural labor analgesia: a literature review. J Anesth 2023; 37:945-960. [PMID: 37733073 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-023-03253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Programmed intermittent epidural bolus (PIEB), administered by the infusion pump programmed to deliver boluses of epidural solution at certain intervals, is gradually gaining more attention as a technique to maintain the labor analgesia in recent years. Many studies find that it may have some advantages when compared with other methods. However, its exact effectiveness and optimal regimen are still unclear. We conducted a literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for studies published between January 2010 and June 2022. Of the 263 publications identified, 27 studies were included. The purpose of this review is to discuss the effects of PIEB with continuous epidural infusion (CEI) and patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) in maintenance of epidural labor analgesia on labor outcomes and elucidate the latest research progress of implementation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanshu Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang, CN 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang, CN 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang, CN 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
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Chen YL, Bao CJ, Duan JL, Xie Y, Lu WL. Overcoming biological barriers by virus-like drug particles for drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115134. [PMID: 37926218 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) have natural structural antigens similar to those found in viruses, making them valuable in vaccine immunization. Furthermore, VLPs have demonstrated significant potential in drug delivery, and emerged as promising vectors for transporting chemical drug, genetic drug, peptide/protein, and even nanoparticle drug. With virus-like permeability and strong retention, they can effectively target specific organs, tissues or cells, facilitating efficient intracellular drug release. Further modifications allow VLPs to transfer across various physiological barriers, thus acting the purpose of efficient drug delivery and accurate therapy. This article provides an overview of VLPs, covering their structural classifications, deliverable drugs, potential physiological barriers in drug delivery, strategies for overcoming these barriers, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chun-Jie Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jia-Lun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Wan-Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Fjällström P, Coe AB, Lilja M, Hajdarevic S. Adopting standardized cancer patient pathways as a policy at different organizational levels in the Swedish Health System. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:122. [PMID: 38012670 PMCID: PMC10680238 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-023-01073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Standardized cancer patient pathways as a new policy has been adopted in healthcare to improve the quality of cancer care. Within the health systems, actors at different levels manage the adoption of new policies to develop healthcare. The various actors on different levels play an important role and influence the policy adoption process. Thus, knowledge about how these actors use strategies when adopting cancer patient pathways as a policy in the health system becomes central. METHOD The study's aim was to explore how actors at different organizational levels in the health system adopted cancer patient pathways. Our overarching case was the Swedish health system at the national, regional, and local levels. Constructivist Grounded Theory Method was used to collect and analyze qualitative interviews with persons working in organizations directly involved in adopting cancer patient pathways at each level. Twelve individual and nine group interviews were conducted including 53 participants. RESULTS Organizational actors at three different levels used distinct strategies during the adoption of cancer patient pathways: acting as-missionaries, fixers, and doers. Acting as missionaries consisted of preaching the idea of cancer patient pathways and framing it with a common purpose to agree upon. Acting as fixers entailed creating a space to put cancer patient pathways into practice and overcome challenges to this. Acting as doers comprised balancing breadth and speed in healthcare provision with not being involved in the development of cancer patient pathways for the local context. These strategies were not developed in isolation from the other organizational levels but rather, each level interacted with one another. CONCLUSIONS When adopting new policies, it is important to be aware of the different strategies and actors at various organizational levels in health systems. Even when actors on different levels developed separate strategies, if these contribute to fulfilling the four domains of inter-organizational collaboration, they can work well together to adopt new policies. Our study highlighted that the application of two domains was lacking, which meant that local actors were not sufficiently involved in collaboration, thus constricting the local use and optimization of cancer patient pathways in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna-Britt Coe
- Department of Sociology, Umeå University, SE 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Lilja
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Research, Education, and Development, Östersund Hospital, Umeå University, SE 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Senada Hajdarevic
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, SE 90187, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, SE 90187, Umeå, Sweden
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Mbalinda SN, Lusota DA, Muddu M, Musoke D, Nyashanu M. Strategies to improve the care of older adults 50 years and above living with HIV in Uganda. AIDS Res Ther 2023; 20:76. [PMID: 37925468 PMCID: PMC10625693 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-023-00550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), many persons living with HIV (PLHIV) live to old age. Caring for aged PLHIV necessitates the engagement of caregivers and patients to establish agreed-upon goals of treatment. However, there is limited literature on friendly and centered models of care for elderly PLHIV. We explored strategies to improve care in HIV clinics among PLHIV aged 50 years and above in Uganda. METHODS We conducted 40 in-depth interviews in two hospitals with elderly PLHIV aged 50 years and above who had lived with HIV for more than ten years. We explored strategies for improving care of elderly PLHIV at both health facility and community levels. The in-depth interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The thematic approach guided data analysis. RESULTS The elderly PLHIV suggested the following strategies to improve their care: creating geriatric clinics; increasing screening tests for non-communicable diseases in the ART clinics; community and home-based ART delivery; workshops at health facilities to provide health education on aging effectively; creating community support groups; financial assistance for the elderly PLHIV and advances in science. CONCLUSIONS There is need to improve community HIV care especially for the elderly and social and economic support in the community. Involving the elderly PLHIV in developing strategies to improve their health goes a long way to improve the patients' quality of care. There is a need to incorporate the raised strategies in HIV care or older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scovia Nalugo Mbalinda
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Derrick Amooti Lusota
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Martin Muddu
- Makerere University Joint AIDS Program (MJAP), Kampala, Uganda
| | - David Musoke
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mathew Nyashanu
- Department of Health & Allied Professions School of Social Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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Probst S, Gschwind G, Murphy L, Sezgin D, Carr P, McIntosh C, Gethin G. Patients 'acceptance' of chronic wound-associated pain - A qualitative descriptive study. J Tissue Viability 2023; 32:455-459. [PMID: 37451973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wound-associated pain negatively impacts the quality of life of individuals and their families. To date, little research exists that has explored collectively how individuals describe wound pain, strategies they use to manage pain, and the perceived effectiveness of such strategies. Therefore, qualitative, semi-structured interviews were carried out between June and August 2021 with 13 individuals to gain a deeper understand of the experience and impact of chronic wound-associated pain in this population. Data were analyzed following Braun and Clarke's approach for reflexive thematic analysis using MAXQdA®. Two themes and subthemes were identified. Theme 1 reflects participants' characterization of pain and how wound-associated pain affected their daily life and how they learned to accept it. Participants felt functionally impaired. In theme 2, participants described how they accepted to live with such a pain even though they received support to manage their chronic wound-associated pain, especially during the dressing-changes. Patients depended on their health care professionals and family support networks to cope with the pain. Coping with pain is exhausting contributing to poorer quality of life. Health care professionals should be aware of wound-associated pain during dressing changes. Patients recommended the need for further research on dressings and not drugs to manage pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Probst
- Geneva School of Health Science, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Western Switzerland, Avenue Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland; University Hospital Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Alliance for Research and Innovation in Wounds, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Ireland.
| | - Géraldine Gschwind
- Geneva School of Health Science, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Western Switzerland, Avenue Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Louise Murphy
- Alliance for Research and Innovation in Wounds, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Duygu Sezgin
- Alliance for Research and Innovation in Wounds, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Ireland.
| | - Peter Carr
- Alliance for Research and Innovation in Wounds, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Ireland.
| | - Caroline McIntosh
- Alliance for Research and Innovation in Wounds, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; School of Health Science, University of Galway, Ireland.
| | - Georgina Gethin
- Geneva School of Health Science, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Western Switzerland, Avenue Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Alliance for Research and Innovation in Wounds, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Ireland.
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Gadbois EA, Meehan A, Uth R, Baier RR, Gravenstein S, Zullo AR, Kabler H, Loiacono MM, Bardenheier BH. Identifying strategies that promote staff and resident influenza and COVID-19 vaccination in nursing homes: Perspectives from nursing home staff. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 54:205-210. [PMID: 37844537 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Resident and staff influenza and COVID-19 vaccination are critical components of infection prevention in nursing homes. Our study sought to characterize strategies that nursing home staff use to promote vaccination. Twenty-six telephone/videoconference interviews were conducted with administrators, directors of nursing, infection preventionists, and Minimum Data Set coordinators at 14 nursing homes across the US. Transcripts were analyzed using content analysis and a detailed audit trail was maintained. Staff described resident and staff influenza and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence as well as varying approaches to promote vaccination. These included incentives, education efforts, and having a "vaccine champion" responsible for vaccine promotion. While many strategies had been in place prior to COVID-19 in support of improving influenza vaccination, participants reported implementing additional approaches to promote COVID-19 vaccination. Findings may inform future efforts to promote vaccination, which will be critical to mitigate the burden of influenza and COVID-19 in nursing homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Gadbois
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main St., Providence, RI 02903, United States.
| | - Amy Meehan
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main St., Providence, RI 02903, United States
| | - Rebecca Uth
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main St., Providence, RI 02903, United States
| | - Rosa R Baier
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main St., Providence, RI 02903, United States
| | - Stefan Gravenstein
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main St., Providence, RI 02903, United States; Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond St., Providence, RI 02903, United States; Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 830 Chalkstone Ave., Providence, RI 02908, United States
| | - Andrew R Zullo
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main St., Providence, RI 02903, United States; Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 830 Chalkstone Ave., Providence, RI 02908, United States; Department of Pharmacy, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy St., Providence, RI 02903, United States
| | - Heidi Kabler
- Medical Affairs, Sanofi, 1 Discovery Dr., Swiftwater, PA 18370, United States
| | - Matthew M Loiacono
- Global Medical Evidence Generation, Sanofi, 1 Discovery Dr., Swiftwater, PA 18370, United States
| | - Barbara H Bardenheier
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main St., Providence, RI 02903, United States; Westat, Inc., 1600 Research Blvd., Rockville, MD 20850, United States
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Kibonire RA, Mphuthi DD. Perceptions of indigenous ugandan men on the use of long acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) by rural women. Contracept Reprod Med 2023; 8:50. [PMID: 37845682 PMCID: PMC10577931 DOI: 10.1186/s40834-023-00246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, unintended pregnancies remain a critical public health challenge, with 74 million women in low- and middle-income countries getting these pregnancies yearly. The African continent alone contributes about 25% of all unintended pregnancies globally. Even though not all unintended pregnancies are unwanted, they can lead to many health problems for mothers and children, like malnutrition, sickness, neglect, or abuse, as well as maternal and infant morbidities and mortalities. Globally, many women die due to complications related to childbirth, either during or after pregnancy. Contraceptives, especially for long-acting reversible Contraceptive methods (LARCs), are among the best interventions to reduce maternal death. LARCs help the mother delay pregnancy and allow for longer intervals in childbirth spacing. However, utilising LARCs globally and in Uganda remains low because of limited male partner support.The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative research study was to elicit an understanding of the perceptions and beliefs of rural indigenous Ugandan men towards the use of LARCs by rural women. Ultimately the study designed strategies to enhance the uptake of those methods. Purposive sampling was used to identify 65 participants for focus group interviews and 30 for individual interviews comprising married men aged 20 to 49 years. The study was conducted in the Rubanda and Kiboga Districts of Uganda. The researcher used semi-structured questions for individual and focus group interviews.The data analysis was done by transcribing the interviews, sorting the field notes, organising, and storing the data, listening to recordings, and reading field notes and interviews to look for patterns related to the perceptions and belief systems. Using the identified patterns, the researcher coded and categorised the data to build themes emerging on the phenomenon.The study established negative perceptions and belief systems among rural indigenous Ugandan men regarding the use of LARCs by their rural women, which acted as barriers to utilisation. These perceptions included side effects, fears, desires, and cultural and religious beliefs. The study recommends strengthening social and behavioural change communication, strengthening service provision for LARCs, and monitoring and evaluation systems for LARCs. Additionally, policymakers should provide a conducive environment for LARC services provision, and the Ministry of Education and Sports, through health training institutions and universities, should prepare pre-service and in-service healthcare workers to provide LARC services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Arineitwe Kibonire
- College of Human Sciences, School of Social Sciences, Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa, City of Tshwane, South Africa.
| | - David D Mphuthi
- College of Human Sciences, School of Social Sciences, Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa, City of Tshwane, South Africa
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Amesho KTT, Chinglenthoiba C, Samsudin MSAB, Lani MN, Pandey A, Desa MNM, Suresh V. Microplastics in the environment: An urgent need for coordinated waste management policies and strategies. J Environ Manage 2023; 344:118713. [PMID: 37567004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become a prevalent environmental concern, exerting detrimental effects on marine and terrestrial ecosystems, as well as human health. Addressing this urgent issue necessitates the implementation of coordinated waste management policies and strategies. In this study, we present a comprehensive review focusing on key results and the underlying mechanisms associated with microplastics. We examine their sources and pathways, elucidate their ecological and human health impacts, and evaluate the current state of waste management policies. By drawing upon recent research and pertinent case studies, we propose a range of practical solutions, encompassing enhanced recycling and waste reduction measures, product redesign, and innovative technological interventions. Moreover, we emphasize the imperative for collaboration and cooperation across sectors and jurisdictions to effectively tackle this pressing environmental challenge. The findings of this study contribute to the broader understanding of microplastics and provide valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassian T T Amesho
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan; Center for Emerging Contaminants Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan; The International University of Management, Centre for Environmental Studies, Main Campus, Dorado Park Ext 1, Windhoek, Namibia; Destinies Biomass Energy and Farming Pty Ltd, P.O. Box 7387, Swakopmund, Namibia.
| | - Chingakham Chinglenthoiba
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, India; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Mohd S A B Samsudin
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Microplastic Research Interest Group (MRIG), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nizam Lani
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Microplastic Research Interest Group (MRIG), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Ashutosh Pandey
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, 19 Steve Biko Road, Durban 4000, South Africa; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, AKS University, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, 485001, India.
| | - Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Valiyaveettil Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore.
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Prosen M, Ličen S. Newly graduated nurses' perceptions of their professional role and professional competency: a qualitative focus group study. BMC Med Educ 2023; 23:755. [PMID: 37821964 PMCID: PMC10568792 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, complex and rapidly changing healthcare settings have placed high demands on nursing graduates, who must effectively assume new professional roles with a wide variety of competencies. However, in an ever-altering environment it is impossible to teach students everything. This means that assessing nursing students' perceptions of their ability to practise their competencies and assume their professional roles is critical for faculty to further develop the nursing education curriculum and to assist healthcare organisations in supporting the transition of graduates. The aim of the study was to explore newly graduated nurses' perceptions of their new professional role and professional competency associated with this role. METHODS A qualitative study using the focus group method. The purposive sample included 18 nursing graduates with an average of 29 years, most of whom were female. The average time that had elapsed since graduation was 1.5 years. Four face-to-face focus group interviews were conducted. Thematic analysis was employed to identify themes and subthemes. RESULTS Three main themes describing newly graduated nurses' perceptions were found: (1) significance of the transition period; (2) commitment to the nursing profession; and (3) perceived needs and challenges to professional competency. CONCLUSION The transition from a safe academic environment to turbulent clinical practice is shaped by both graduates' expectations and reality. The results of the study indicate a high level of commitment to the profession immediately after graduation and point to groups of competencies that need greater emphasis in the nursing curriculum. Although the responsibility for adequately preparing and supporting nursing students for their new professional roles rests with faculty and healthcare organisations, the responsibility for professional development should also lie on the students themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Prosen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, University of Primorska, Polje 42, Izola, 6310, Slovenia.
| | - Sabina Ličen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, University of Primorska, Polje 42, Izola, 6310, Slovenia
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Shankaranarayana AM, Jagadish A, Nimmy J, Natarajan M, Janssen H, Solomon JM. Non-therapeutic strategies to promote physical activity of stroke survivors in hospital settings: A systematic review. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023; 36:192-202. [PMID: 37949559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically summarize the evidence of strategies other than therapy to promote physical activity in hospital settings. METHODS Studies testing the various strategies to promote the physical activity of stroke survivors in different hospital settings, including stroke units, hospitals and rehabilitation centres were included. Two independent reviewers screened, extracted data, and assessed the study quality. Quality assessments were performed using standardized checklists. Data synthesis was done from the selected articles and results were reported. RESULTS Of the 3396 records retrieved from database searches, 12 studies (n = 529 participants) were included. All the studies were of moderate to good quality. The strategies were grouped into five categories: i) physical environment, ii) device-based feedback, iii) self-management approaches, iv) family presence, and v) education. Physical environmental and device-based feedback were the most common strategies to promote physical activity after a stroke in a hospital setting. Strategies such as family presence and education improved physical activity levels, whereas device-based feedback showed mixed results. CONCLUSION Despite the importance of physical activity in early stroke, there is limited literature present to enhance activity levels. Physical environment and device-based feedback were the two most common strategies used in acute stroke survivors. The impact of these strategies remain suboptimal to be considered as effective intervention methods to enhance physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva M Shankaranarayana
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India; Centre for Comprehensive Stroke Rehabilitation and Research (CCSRR), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Akhila Jagadish
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India; Centre for Comprehensive Stroke Rehabilitation and Research (CCSRR), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Josephine Nimmy
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Manikandan Natarajan
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India; Centre for Comprehensive Stroke Rehabilitation and Research (CCSRR), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Heidi Janssen
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - John M Solomon
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India; Centre for Comprehensive Stroke Rehabilitation and Research (CCSRR), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Abstract
Little is understood about how people strategically process and remember important but complex information, such as sentences. In the current study, we asked whether people can effectively prioritize memory for sentences as a function of their relative importance (operationalized as a reward point value) and whether they do so, in part, by changing their sentence processing strategies when value information is available in advance. We adapted the value-directed remembering paradigm (Castel, Psychol Learn Motiv 48:225-270, 2007) for sentences that varied in constraint and predictability. Each sentence was associated with a high or low value for subsequent free recall (whole sentence) and recognition (sentence-final words) tests. Value information appeared after or before each sentence as a between-subject manipulation. Regardless of condition, we observed that high-value sentences were recalled more often than low-value sentences, showing that people can strategically prioritize their encoding of sentences. However, memory patterns differed depending on when value information was available. Recall for high-value sentences that ended unexpectedly (and therefore violated one's predictions) was reduced in the Before compared to the After condition. Before condition participants also showed a greater tendency to false alarm to lures (words that were the predicted - but not obtained - ending) from strongly constraining sentences. These observations suggest that when people try to prioritize sentence-level information that they know is valuable, the reading strategies they employ may paradoxically lead to worse memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Min W Chung
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 603 E Daniel St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
| | - Kara D Federmeier
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 603 E Daniel St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
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Mahdavi A, Atlasi R, Ebrahimi M, Azimian E, Naemi R. Human resource management (HRM) strategies of medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20355. [PMID: 37771528 PMCID: PMC10522956 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthcare workers are at the forefront of fight against COVID-19 and the managers of medical centers should develop coping strategies for the challenges caused by COVID-19, especially for health human resources in order to improve the performance of healthcare organizations. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the human resource management strategies of medical staff during the COVID-19 to help them cope with the new strains of COVID-19 or epidemics of viral diseases that may occur in the future. In this study, a search was performed in the international Web of Science electronic database, using keywords such as human resource management and COVID-19. As a result, a total of 1884 articles published between January 1st, 2020 and October 22nd, 2021 were extracted. After screening the articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24 articles were selected to enter the study. Then, a scientometric analysis was performed on the content of selected articles and the results were presented in the form of tables and conceptual models. In total, 9 strategies were extracted from the selected articles including development of organizational culture, staff screening, policy-making, infection control training and monitoring the implementation of learned materials, patient management, human resource management, psychological and motivational support, communication and coordination, and digital health services. Employing comprehensive strategies to maintain the health of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 can play an effective role in reducing burnout, improving productivity and employee satisfaction, and in increasing the resilience of healthcare workers. It also has a positive effect on the patient's safety. Revision and reengineering of human resource management strategies in health and treatment organizations according to different cultures and contexts require research and investment in creative and innovative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Mahdavi
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Paramedical Sciences, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Rasha Atlasi
- Information and Scientometrics Center at Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Maryam Ebrahimi
- Department of Health Information Technology, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ehsanollah Azimian
- Department of Linguistics and Foreign Languages, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Naemi
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Paramedical Sciences, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Chen PH, Chung AC, Lin HC, Yang SZ. Climbing strategies of Taiwan climbers. Bot Stud 2023; 64:26. [PMID: 37736799 PMCID: PMC10516820 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-023-00399-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The climbing strategies of lianas and herbaceous vines influence climber competition abilities and survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the climbing strategies of each plant species and observe their organs of origin. RESULTS The results showed that all Taiwan climbers were approximately 555 species, accounting for 11% of the native flora. Among the 555 climbers, the twining stem type was the most common, with a total of 255 species (46%), the remaining climbing methods accounted for 300 species. Approximately twenty one climbing methods, including nine combination types, were exhibited, of which the most common type was the twining stem, followed by simple scrambling and twining tendrils. Most species of Fabaceae and Apocynaceae were twining stems in dextrorse, excluding Wisteriopsis reticulata and Alyxia taiwanensis, which were in sinistrorse. The prehensile branch of Fissistigma genus, Ventilago genus, and Dalbergia benthamii, originated from second-order or modified stems. In the simple scrambling type, some climbers were covered spines and prickles to attach the host, and the others were clinging to the supports or creeping on the ground without speculation. The hooks or grapnels of the genus Uncaria are derived from the branches, and a pair of curved hooks or a spine of Artabotrys hexapetalus are originated from the inflorescence to tightly attach to a host. The Piper genus use adhesive roots to climb their hosts. Among the genus Trichosanthes, only Trichosanthes homophylla exhibits a combination of twining modified shoots and adhesive roots. Gentianales includes four families with seven climbing mechanisms, while Fabales includes only Fabaceae, which presents six climbing methods. CONCLUSIONS The twining tendrils had nine organs of origin in Taiwan climber, that these opinions of originated organs might be available to the studies of convergent evolution. The data presented herein provide crucial basic information of the climber habits types and origin structures, which are available for terms standardization to improve field investigation. The terminologies would aid in the establishment of climber habits as commonly taxon-specific and the combination of two climber habits could be a characteristic of taxonomic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hao Chen
- Liouguei Research Center, Taiwan Forest Research Institute, Liouguei District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Bioresources, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuefu Rd., Neipu, 91201, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - An-Ching Chung
- Liouguei Research Center, Taiwan Forest Research Institute, Liouguei District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Bioresources, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuefu Rd., Neipu, 91201, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Lin
- Division of Silviculture, Taiwan Forest Research Institute, No. 53, Nanhai Rd., 100051, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Zehn Yang
- Department of Forestry, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuefu Rd., Neipu, 91201, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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Dunsmore J, Duncan E, MacLennan S, N'Dow J, MacLennan S. Effectiveness of de-implementation strategies for low-value prescribing in secondary care: a systematic review. Implement Sci Commun 2023; 4:115. [PMID: 37723589 PMCID: PMC10507868 DOI: 10.1186/s43058-023-00498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Considerable efforts have been made to improve guideline adherence in healthcare through de-implementation, such as decreasing the prescription of inappropriate medicines. However, we have limited knowledge about the effectiveness, barriers, facilitators and consequences of de-implementation strategies targeting inappropriate medication prescribing in secondary care settings. This review was conducted to understand these factors to contribute to better replication and optimisation of future de-implementation efforts to reduce low-value care. METHODS A systematic review of randomised control trials was conducted. Papers were identified through CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE and Cochrane register of controlled trials to February 2021. Eligible studies were randomised control trials evaluating behavioural strategies to de-implement inappropriate prescribing in secondary healthcare. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Intervention characteristics, effectiveness, barriers, facilitators and consequences were identified in the study text and tabulated. RESULTS Eleven studies were included, of which seven were reported as effectively de-implementing low-value prescribing. Included studies were judged to be mainly at low to moderate risk for selection biases and generally high risk for performance and reporting biases. The majority of these strategies were clinical decision support at the 'point of care'. Clinical decision support tools were the most common and effective. They were found to be a low-cost and simple strategy. However, barriers such as clinician's reluctance to accept recommendations, or the clinical setting were potential barriers to their success. Educational strategies were the second most reported intervention type however the utility of educational strategies for de-implementation remains varied. Multiple barriers and facilitators relating to the environmental context, resources and knowledge were identified across studies as potentially influencing de-implementation. Various consequences were identified; however, few measured the impact of de-implementation on usual appropriate practice. CONCLUSION This review offers insight into the intervention strategies, potential barriers, facilitators and consequences that may affect the de-implementation of low-value prescribing in secondary care. Identification of these key features helps understand how and why these strategies are effective and the wider (desirable or undesirable) impact of de-implementation. These findings can contribute to the successful replication or optimisation of strategies used to de-implement low-value prescribing practices in future. TRIAL REGISTRATION The review protocol was registered at PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021243944).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eilidh Duncan
- Health Service Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Sara MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - James N'Dow
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Ni B, Liu Y, Dai M, Zhao J, Liang Y, Yang X, Han B, Jiang M. The role of cannabidiol in aging. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115074. [PMID: 37418976 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is usually considered a key risk factor associated with multiple diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Furthermore, the burden of age-related diseases has become a global challenge. It is of great significance to search for drugs to extend lifespan and healthspan. Cannabidiol (CBD), a natural nontoxic phytocannabinoid, has been regarded as a potential candidate drug for antiaging. An increasing number of studies have suggested that CBD could benefit healthy longevity. Herein, we summarized the effect of CBD on aging and analyzed the possible mechanism. All these conclusions may provide a perspective for further study of CBD on aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yanying Liu
- Department of Basic Medical, Qingdao Huanghai University, Qingdao 266427, China
| | - Meng Dai
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Man Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Collada Sánchez VL, Villamañán Bueno E, Ayllón Morales M, Ruano Encinar M, Sobreino Jimenez C, Lara Catedra C, Perez Andreu E, Herrero Ambrosio A. Green hospital pharmacy: A sustainable approach to the medication use process in a tertiary hospital. Farm Hosp 2023; 47:T196-T200. [PMID: 37673702 DOI: 10.1016/j.farma.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sustainable management of healthcare waste has a positive impact on the global environment. In order to reduce it, the sustainable practice of the pharmacotherapeutic process in all its stages is essential. OBJECTIVE To analyse the sustainability strategies proposed by the pharmacy service to reduce drug waste derived from the pharmacotherapeutic process. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES To analyse the stage of the pharmacotherapeutic process and the number and type of drugs involved. METHODS The study was carried out in a tertiary-level hospital. To coordinate the proposals, a referent pharmacist from every pharmacy department area was selected. Four stages of the process were evaluated (management, validation, dispensing and compounding), patients concerned were classified as outpatients or inpatients, and drugs potentially involved were analysed by the administration route: Into oral or parenteral. RESULTS Twenty eight ideas were proposed, which could affect more than 1200 drugs. 39.3% would affect the validation process, 17.9% the procurement management, 17.9% dispensing, and 7.1% the compounding. Implementation feasibility and acceptability of these proposals were evaluated. Those with the greatest potential were: Limiting the duration of treatments when possible, favouring the implementation of computer prescription order entry, favouring the use of the oral route over the parenteral route, and implementing computers in the preparation areas to avoid the use of paper guides. DISCUSION In our study, many ideas have been proposed by hospital pharmacists to improve the sustainability of the medication use process. When assessing these proposals by impact and feasibility, according to our results, shorten as much as possible the duration of treatments, computerization of the medication use process, and oral administration over intravenous should be prioritized in order to reduce environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - C Lara Catedra
- Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
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48
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Hunter EG, Shukla A, Andrade JM. Barriers to and Strategies for Dietary Adherence: A Qualitative Study Among Hemodialysis/Peritoneal Dialysis Patients and Health Care Providers. J Ren Nutr 2023; 33:682-690. [PMID: 37315706 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were: (1) investigate hemodialysis (HD)/peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients' barriers to dietary adherence, (2) identify strategies to overcome these barriers, and (3) examine dialysis providers' perceptions toward patients' barriers to dietary adherence and strategies to overcome these barriers. METHODS A qualitative descriptive approach was conducted from February-May 2022. A total of 21 HD/PD participants and 11 health care providers participated in individual interviews. HD/PD participants also responded to a 57-item food frequency questionnaire. Six months of serum laboratory values were obtained from the medical charts. Content analysis methodology was used to identify themes. Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to examine diet quality and laboratory values of the HD and PD participants using SPSS v.27 with statistical significance of P < .05. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) diet quality score for HD/PD patients was 36 (26-43) with no differences observed between the patient populations. Mann-Whitney U tests showed no differences between serum laboratory values between the patient populations. Barriers identified by the HD/PD patients were communication/patient education and dietary habits. Barriers identified by the health care providers were communication/patient education and socioeconomic status. Strategies to overcome these barriers were enhancing communication between all parties involved in the care and tailoring educational information to the patient's background. CONCLUSIONS Communication and patient education were themes identified among both health care providers and patients. Therefore, open communication among the patients and providers and enhancement of the nutrition education handouts may improve dietary adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Hunter
- Student, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ashutosh Shukla
- Professor of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Physiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jeanette M Andrade
- Assistant Professor, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
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49
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Sánchez VLC, Bueno EV, Morales MA, Encinar MR, Jimenez CS, Catedra CL, Perez EA, Ambrosio AH. Green hospital pharmacy: A sustainable approach to the medication use process in a tertiary hospital. Farm Hosp 2023; 47:196-200. [PMID: 37451908 DOI: 10.1016/j.farma.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sustainable management of healthcare waste has a positive impact on the global environment. In order to reduce it, the sustainable practice of the pharmacotherapeutic process in all its stages is essential. OBJECTIVE To analyze the sustainability strategies proposed by the pharmacy service to reduce drug waste derived from the pharmacotherapeutic process. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES to analyze the stage of the pharmacotherapeutic process and the number and type of drugs involved. METHODS The study was carried out in a tertiary level hospital. To coordinate the proposals, a referent pharmacist from every pharmacy department area was selected. Four stages of the process were evaluated (procurement, validation, dispensing and compounding), patients concerned were classified as outpatients or inpatients, and drugs potentially involved were analyzed by the administration route: into oral or parenteral. RESULTS 28 ideas were proposed, which could affect more than 1200 drugs. 39.3% would affect the validation process, 17.9% the procurement management, 17.9% dispensing and 7.1% the compounding. Implementation feasibility and acceptability of these proposals were evaluated. Those with the greatest potential were: limiting the duration of treatments when possible, favoring the implementation of computer prescription order entry, favoring the use of the oral route over the parenteral route, and implementing computers in the preparation areas to avoid the use of paper guides. DISCUSSION In our study, many ideas have been proposed by hospital pharmacists to improve the sustainability of the medication use process. When assessing these proposals by impact and feasibility, according to our results, shorten as much as possible the duration of treatments, computerization of the medication use process and oral administration over intravenous should be prioritized in order to reduce environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - M Ruano Encinar
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - C Lara Catedra
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Andreu Perez
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
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50
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Rony MKK, Sharmi PD, Alamgir HM. Addressing antimicrobial resistance in low and middle-income countries: overcoming challenges and implementing effective strategies. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:101896-101902. [PMID: 37610548 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a critical worldwide health crisis. It poses major challenges for healthcare systems across the globe, demanding immediate attention and action. Low and middle-income countries (LMICs), in particular, encounter unique obstacles in addressing AMR due to various factors. This article aims to examine specific challenges and propose effective strategies to combat this issue. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, this article identifies common barriers and successful interventions in tackling AMR. The research highlights several challenges faced by LMICs in addressing AMR, including limited access to quality healthcare services, socioeconomic disparities, limited awareness, inadequate surveillance systems and data collection, limited regulatory frameworks and quality control, as well as weak healthcare infrastructure and infection prevention practices. The research suggests strategies like improving healthcare access, promoting responsible antimicrobial use, enhancing surveillance, ensuring quality antimicrobial drugs, and fostering global collaboration to address these challenges. By understanding the challenges encountered by LMICs, it is possible to mitigate the impact of AMR and contribute to global efforts in combating this growing threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustaq Karim Khan Rony
- Masters of Public Health, Bangladesh Open University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Priyanka Das Sharmi
- College of Nursing, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasnat M Alamgir
- Department of Public Health, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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