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Qiu Y, Zhang J, Tong YW, He Y. Reverse electron transfer: Novel anaerobic methanogenesis pathway regulated through exogenous CO 2 synergized with biochar. Bioresour Technol 2024:130741. [PMID: 38670292 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Acid accumulation and carbon emission are two major challenges in anaerobic digestion. Syntrophic consortia can employ reverse electron transfer (RET) to facilitate thermodynamically unfavorable redox reactions during acetogenesis. However, the potential mechanisms and regulatory methods of RET remain unclear. This study examines the regulatory mechanisms by which exogenous CO2 affects RET and demonstrates that biochar maximizes CO2 solubility at 25.8 mmol/L to enhance effects further. CO2 synergized with biochar significantly increases cumulative methane production and propionate degradation rate. From the bioenergetic perspective, CO2 decreases energy level to a maximum of -87 kJ/mol, strengthening the thermodynamic viability. The underlying mechanism can be attributed to RET promotion, as indicated by increased formate dehydrogenase and enrichment of H2/formate-producing bacteria with their partner Methanospirillum hungatei. Moreover, the 5 % 13CH4 and methane contribution result show that CO2 accomplishes directed methanogenesis. Overall, this investigation riches the roles of CO2 and biochar in AD surrounding RET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qiu
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; E2S2, NUS Environmental Research Institute, 1 CREATE Way, #15-02, 138602, Singapore.
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; E2S2, NUS Environmental Research Institute, 1 CREATE Way, #15-02, 138602, Singapore
| | - Yiliang He
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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2
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Guo M, Wei S, Guo M, Li M, Qi X, Wang Y, Jia X. Potential mechanisms of propionate degradation and methanogenesis in anaerobic digestion coupled with microbial electrolysis cell system: Importance of biocathode. Bioresour Technol 2024; 400:130695. [PMID: 38614147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Microbial electrolysis cells (MEC) have the potential for enhancing the efficiency of anaerobic digestion (AD). In this study, microbiological and metabolic pathways in the biocathode of anaerobic digestion coupled with microbial electrolysis cells system (AD-MEC) were revealed to separate bioanode. The biocathode efficiently degraded 90 % propionate within 48 h, leading to a methane production rate of 3222 mL·m-2·d-1. The protein and heme-rich cathodic biofilm enhanced redox capacity and facilitated interspecies electron transfer. Key acid-degrading bacteria, including Dechloromonas agitata, Ignavibacteriales bacterium UTCHB2, and Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans, along with functional proteins such as cytochrome c and e-pili, established mutualistic relationships with Methanothrix soehngenii. This synergy facilitated a multi-pathway metabolic process that converted acetate and CO2 into methane. The study sheds light on the intricate microbial dynamics within the biocathode, suggesting promising prospects for the scalable integration of AD-MEC and its potential in sustainable energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Guo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Sijia Wei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - MeiXin Guo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mingxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xuejiao Qi
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xuan Jia
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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3
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Ding F, Zhou N, Luo Y, Wang T, Li W, Qiao F, Du Z, Zhang M. Probiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus restored gossypol-induced intestinal barrier injury by increasing propionate content in Nile tilapia. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:54. [PMID: 38582865 PMCID: PMC10999087 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01011-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal barrier is a dynamic interface between the body and the ingested food components, however, dietary components or xenobiotics could compromise intestinal integrity, causing health risks to the host. Gossypol, a toxic component in cottonseed meal (CSM), caused intestinal injury in fish or other monogastric animals. It has been demonstrated that probiotics administration benefits the intestinal barrier integrity, but the efficacy of probiotics in maintaining intestinal health when the host is exposed to gossypol remains unclear. Here, a strain (YC) affiliated to Pediococcus pentosaceus was isolated from the gut of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its potential to repair gossypol-induced intestinal damage was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 270 Nile tilapia (2.20 ± 0.02 g) were allotted in 3 groups with 3 tanks each and fed with 3 diets including CON (control diet), GOS (control diet containing 300 mg/kg gossypol) and GP (control diet containing 300 mg/kg gossypol and 108 colony-forming unit (CFU)/g P. pentosaceus YC), respectively. After 10 weeks, addition of P. pentosaceus YC restored growth retardation and intestinal injury induced by gossypol in Nile tilapia. Transcriptome analysis and siRNA interference experiments demonstrated that NOD-like receptors (NLR) family caspase recruitment domain (CARD) domain containing 3 (Nlrc3) inhibition might promote intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation, as well as maintaining gut barrier integrity. 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed that addition of P. pentosaceus YC altered the composition of gut microbiota and increased the content of propionate in fish gut. In vitro studies on propionate's function demonstrated that it suppressed nlrc3 expression and promoted wound healing in Caco-2 cell model. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals that P. pentosaceus YC has the capacity to ameliorate intestinal barrier injury by modulating gut microbiota composition and elevating propionate level. This finding offers a promising strategy for the feed industry to incorporate cottonseed meal into fish feed formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Ding
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Nannan Zhou
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Weijie Li
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhenyu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Wang Y, Du B, Wu G. Powdered activated carbon facilitated degradation of complex organic compounds and tetracycline in stressed anaerobic digestion systems. Bioresour Technol 2024; 400:130672. [PMID: 38583675 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Tetracycline exerts an inhibitory effect on anaerobic digestion, inducing stressed microbial activities and even system failure. Continuous-flow reactors (CFRs) and sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were employed along with the dosage of powdered activated carbon (PAC) to enhance tetracycline removal during anaerobic digestion of complex organic compounds. PAC increased the maximum methane production rate by 15.6% (CFRs) and 13.8% (SBRs), and tetracycline biodegradation by 24.4% (CFRs) and 19.2% (SBRs). CFRs showed higher tetracycline removal and methane production rates than SBRs. Geobacter was enriched in CFRs, where Methanothrix was enriched with the addition of PAC. Desulfomicrobium harbored abundant propionate degradation-related genes, significantly correlating with tetracycline removal. The genes encoding carbon dioxide reduction in Methanothrix along with the detection of Geobacter might indicate direct interspecies electron transfer for methanogenesis in CFRs and PAC-added reactors. The study offers new insights into anaerobic digestion under tetracycline-stressed conditions and strategies for optimizing tetracycline removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyin Wang
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Bang Du
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Guangxue Wu
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
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Adams M, Wang Y, Du B, Olbert I, Wu G. Operational mode and powdered activated carbon promoting syntrophic propionate oxidation during anaerobic digestion of complex organic substances. J Environ Manage 2024; 356:120593. [PMID: 38508004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Operational mode and powdered activated carbon (PAC) are key factors facilitating microbial syntrophy and interspecies electron transfer during anaerobic digestion, consequently benefiting process stability and efficient methanogenesis. In this study, continuous-flow reactor (CFR) and sequencing batch reactor (SBR), with and without the addition of PAC, respectively, were operated to examine their effects on system performance and methanogenic activity. Based on the cycle-test result, the PAC-amended CFR (CFRPAC) recorded both the highest methane yield (690.1 mL/L) and the maximum CH4 production rate (28.8 mL/(L·h)), while SBRs exhibited slow methanogenic rates. However, activity assays indicated that SBRs were beneficial for organics removal in batch experiments fed with peptone. Taxonomic and functional analysis confirmed that CFRs were optimal for proliferating oligotrophs (e.g., Geobacter) and SBRs were more suitable for copiotrophs (e.g., Desulfobulbus). Metagenomic analysis revealed that CFRs had efficient acetate metabolic pathways from propionate and ethanol, whereas SBRs did not, resulting in the buildup of propionate. Furthermore, Methanobacterium and Methanothrix were acclimated to the different operational conditions, while acetoclastic Methanosarcina and hydrogenotrophic Methanolinea were acclimated in SBRs (5.1-13.4%) and CFRs (0.3-1.7%), respectively. This study confirmed the enhancement of microbial syntrophy by the addition of PAC as well as the acclimation of electroactive bacteria (e.g., Geobacter) with complex organic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabruk Adams
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Yuyin Wang
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Bang Du
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Indiana Olbert
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Guangxue Wu
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
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Wei Y, Liu W, Wang R, Chen Y, Liu J, Guo X, Can C, Yang X, Wang D, Hu X, Ma D. Propionate promotes ferroptosis and apoptosis through mitophagy and ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis elicits anti-leukemia immunity. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:36-51. [PMID: 38215892 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly propionate and butyrate, have been reported in many cancers. However, the relationship between propionate and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unclear. Additionally, Acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSL4) has been reported to regulate immunity in solid tumors, but there are still many gaps to be filled in AML. Here, we discovered the underlying mechanism of propionate and ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis for immunotherapy. Our results showed that the level of propionate in the AML patients' feces was decreased, which was correlated to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Moreover, we demonstrated that propionate suppressed AML progression both in vivo and in vitro. In mechanism, propionate induced AML cells apoptosis and ferroptosis. The imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and redox homeostasis induced by propionate caused mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, which enhanced ferroptosis and apoptosis. Furthermore, ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis caused by propionate increased the immunogenicity of AML cells, induced the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and promoted the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs). The increased level of immunogenicity due to ferroptosis enable propionate-based whole-cell vaccines to activate immunity, thus further facilitating effective killing of AML cells. Collectively, our study uncovers a crucial role for propionate suppresses AML progression by inducing ferroptosis and the potential mechanisms of ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis in the regulation of AML immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Wei
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wancheng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ruiqing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore
| | - Jinting Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Can Can
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Daoxin Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
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Thing M, Werge MP, Kimer N, Hetland LE, Rashu EB, Nabilou P, Junker AE, Galsgaard ED, Bendtsen F, Laupsa-Borge J, McCann A, Gluud LL. Targeted metabolomics reveals plasma short-chain fatty acids are associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:43. [PMID: 38262952 PMCID: PMC10804800 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) may reflect disturbances in the gut microbiota and have been linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We assessed plasma SCFAs in patients with MASLD and healthy controls. METHODS Fasting venous blood samples were collected and eight SCFAs were measured using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Relative between-group differences in circulating SCFA concentrations were estimated by linear regression, and the relation between SCFA concentrations, MASLD, and fibrosis severity was investigated using logistic regression. RESULTS The study includes 100 patients with MASLD (51% with mild/no fibrosis and 49% with significant fibrosis) and 50 healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, MASLD patients had higher plasma concentrations of propionate (21.8%, 95% CI 3.33 to 43.6, p = 0.02), formate (21.9%, 95% CI 6.99 to 38.9, p = 0.003), valerate (35.7%, 95% CI 4.53 to 76.2, p = 0.02), and α-methylbutyrate (16.2%, 95% CI 3.66 to 30.3, p = 0.01) but lower plasma acetate concentrations (- 30.0%, 95% CI - 40.4 to - 17.9, p < 0.001). Among patients with MASLD, significant fibrosis was positively associated with propionate (p = 0.02), butyrate (p = 0.03), valerate (p = 0.03), and α-methylbutyrate (p = 0.02). Six of eight SCFAs were significantly increased in F4 fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, SCFAs were associated with MASLD and fibrosis severity, but further research is needed to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying our observations and to assess the possible benefit of therapies modulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Thing
- Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegard Alle 30, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Parsberg Werge
- Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegard Alle 30, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark
| | - Nina Kimer
- Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegard Alle 30, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark
| | - Liv Eline Hetland
- Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegard Alle 30, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark
| | - Elias Badal Rashu
- Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegard Alle 30, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark
| | - Puria Nabilou
- Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegard Alle 30, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark
| | - Anders Ellekaer Junker
- Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegard Alle 30, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark
| | | | - Flemming Bendtsen
- Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegard Alle 30, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark
| | | | | | - Lise Lotte Gluud
- Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegard Alle 30, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
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Santos-Oliveira PH, Silva JGP, Blank LM, Silva LF, Gomez JGC. Constant fed-batch cultivation with glucose and propionate as co-substrate: A strategy to fine-tune polyhydroxyalkanoates monomeric composition in Pseudomonas spp. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128287. [PMID: 37995793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas sp. LFM693 is a 2-methylisocitrate lyase (prpB) disrupted mutant. This enzyme catalyzes a step in the 2-methylcitrate cycle, the only known and described pathway for propionate oxidation in this organism. The affected mutants can efficiently produce PHA containing even and odd-chain length hydroxyalkanoates (HAeven/odd) in the presence of propionate and glucose. In this study, a constant fed-batch configuration was utilized to control the composition of PHA and decrease the toxicity of propionate. The incorporation of HAodd into the copolymer was linear, ranging from 7 to approximately 30 %, and correlated directly with the propionate/glucose molar ratio in the feeding solution. This allowed for the molecular composition of the mclPHA to be fine-tuned with minimum process monitoring and control. The average PHA content was 52 % cell dry weight with a molar composition that favored 3-hydroxyalkanoates containing C8, C9, and C10. The conversion factor of propionate to HAodd varied between 0.36 and 0.53 mol·mol-1 (YHAodd/prop.), which are significantly lower than the theoretical maximum efficiency (1.0 mol·mol-1). These results along with the lack of 2-methylisocitrate as a byproduct provides further support for the evidence that the mutant prpB- is still capable of oxidizing propionate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Santos-Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; iAMB - Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Lars Mathias Blank
- iAMB - Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Luiziana Ferreira Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Vanslette AM, Toft PB, Lund ML, Moritz T, Arora T. Serotonin receptor 4 agonism prevents high fat diet induced reduction in GLP-1 in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176181. [PMID: 37926275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Hormone-producing enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are present throughout the gastrointestinal tract and respond to various nutrient and gut microbiota produced metabolites stimuli. Two important EEC subtypes, Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) producing L-cells and serotonin (5-HT) producing enterochromaffin (EC) cells interact via paracrine signaling and exhibit bidirectional regulation of expression and secretion of produced hormones. Accordingly, in vitro studies suggest potential to modulate 5-HT secretion by GLP-1 receptor agonism, and L-cell differentiation via serotonin receptor 4 agonism. However, the importance of this cellular signaling on host metabolism is poorly understood. In this study, we found that two weeks of high fat diet (HFD) feeding reduced RNA expression of gut hormones, including proglucagon (Gcg) gene encoding GLP-1 and Tryptophan hydroxylase1 (Tph1) gene encoding rate limiting enzyme in 5-HT synthesis, specifically in the colon and reduced plasma GLP-1 levels. Levels of propionate and butyrate were also reduced following HFD. However, supplementation of sodium propionate did not improve HFD induced reduction in GLP-1. In contrast, chemical induction of serotonin receptor 4 promoted GLP-1 levels, colonic Gcg RNA expression accompanied by improvement in glucose tolerance in HFD-fed mouse. Thus, this study suggests a novel mechanism to improve glucose tolerance via serotonin receptor 4 stimulation in the HFD induced obese mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Marie Vanslette
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pernille Baumann Toft
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mari Lilith Lund
- Human Health Research, Scientific Affairs, Chr. Hansen A/S, Bøge Alle 10-12, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tulika Arora
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Wang GY, Qin SL, Zheng YN, Geng HJ, Chen L, Yao JH, Deng L. Propionate promotes gluconeogenesis by regulating mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in calf hepatocytes. Anim Nutr 2023; 15:88-98. [PMID: 37841648 PMCID: PMC10568569 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing hepatic gluconeogenesis is one of the main modes of meeting the glucose requirement of dairy cows. This study attempted to determine whether the gluconeogenesis precursor propionate had an effect on the expression of the main genes involved in gluconeogenesis in calf hepatocytes and elucidate the associated mechanisms. Calf hepatocytes were obtained from 5 healthy calves (1 d old; 30 to 40 kg) and exposed to 0-, 1-, 2.5-, or 5-mM sodium propionate (NaP), which is known to promote the expression of genes involved in the gluconeogenesis pathway, including fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and glucose-6-phosphatase. With regard to the underlying mechanism, propionate promoted the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4, and forkhead box O1 (transcription factors that regulate the expression of hepatic gluconeogenic genes) by promoting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), but inhibiting mTORC2 activity (P < 0.01). We also established a model of palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatic injury in calf hepatocytes and found that PA could inhibit the gluconeogenic capacity of calf hepatocytes by suppressing the expression of gluconeogenic genes, inhibiting mTORC1, and promoting the activity of mTORC2 (P < 0.01). In contrast, NaP provided protection to calf hepatocytes by counteracting the inhibitory effect of PA on the gluconeogenic capacity of calf hepatocytes (P < 0.05). Collectively, these findings indicate that NaP enhances the gluconeogenic capacity of calf hepatocytes by regulating the mTOR pathway activity. Thus, in addition to improving the glucose production potential, propionate may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of hepatic injury in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Ning Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hui Jun Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jun Hu Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lu Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Hruby Weston A, Li MM, Huang X, Campos LM, Prestegaard-Wilson JM, Pilonero T, Budde A, Hanigan MD. Effects of dietary starch and ruminally undegraded protein on glucogenic precursors in lactating dairy cows. Animal 2023; 17 Suppl 5:100893. [PMID: 37468351 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gluconeogenesis is a large contributor to the blood supply of glucose carbons. The impact of varying dietary starch and ruminally degraded protein (RDP) on glucose entry, and the contributions of propionate and lactate to total plasma glucose entry were evaluated. Six cannulated, lactating, Holstein cows were fed one of four treatment diets arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial within a 4 × 4 partially replicated Latin Square design: (1) 8% RDP (LRDP) and 16% starch (LSt), (2) LRDP and 30% starch (HSt), (3) 11% RDP (HRDP) and LSt, or (4) HRDP and HSt. On d 12 of each period, 2-[13C]-sodium propionate (0.15 g/h) was ruminally infused for 4 h; on d 13, 1,2-[13C2]-glucose (0.2 g/h) was infused into the jugular vein for 1 h followed by 1-[13C]-lactate (0.1 g/h) for 1 h. Blood samples were serially collected starting prior to the infusions, and analyzed for plasma glucose, propionate, and lactate isotopic ratios. A one-compartment, glucose carbon model with inputs from lactate, propionate, and other glucogenic precursors (Oth, primarily absorbed glucose plus amino acids) was fitted to the isotope ratio data to derive glucose entry rates and conversion of the precursors to glucose. Milk protein production additively increased when HSt and HRDP were fed (P = 0.05 and P = 0.02, respectively). Plasma glucose and propionate concentrations increased with HSt (P = 0.04 and P = 0.01, respectively) and LRDP (P = 0.02 and P < 0.01, respectively). Total glucose and Oth entry increased (P = 0.03 and P = 0.03, respectively) with HSt, indicating greater glucose absorption from the small intestine or conversion of amino acids to glucose in the liver. However, neither entry rate was affected by RDP. The lack of an RDP effect suggests the increase in microbial outflow in response to RDP did not significantly alter glucose precursor supplies. Entry rates of propionate and lactate carbon to glucose carbon were not affected by treatment suggesting that neither starch nor RDP significantly affected fermentation or lactate production. Derivation of absolute entry rates and contributions to glucose using isotopic tracers is complicated by single carbon removals in the pentose phosphate (PPP), tri-carboxylic acid (TCA), and gluconeogenic pathways, and label randomization with the PPP and TCA pathways. Multiple tracers must be used to avoid assumptions regarding the proportional entries. These results provide insights on glucose supply and contributors, and draw attention to significant label cycling when utilizing isotope techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hruby Weston
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
| | - M M Li
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - X Huang
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - L M Campos
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | | | - T Pilonero
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - A Budde
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - M D Hanigan
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
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12
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Pang R, Xiao X, Mao T, Yu J, Huang L, Xu W, Li Y, Zhu W. The molecular mechanism of propionate-regulating gluconeogenesis in bovine hepatocytes. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:1693-1699. [PMID: 37402451 PMCID: PMC10623044 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cows that are nursing get around 80% of their glucose from liver gluconeogenesis. Propionate, a significant precursor of liver gluconeogenesis, can regulate the key genes involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis expression, but its precise effects on the activity of enzymes have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of propionate on the activity, gene expression, and protein abundance of the key enzymes involved in the gluconeogenesis of dairy cow hepatocytes. METHODS The hepatocytes were cultured and treated with various concentrations of sodium propionate (0, 1.25, 2.50, 3.75, and 5.00 mM) for 12 h. Glucose content in the culture media was determined by an enzymatic coloring method. The activities of gluconeogenesis related enzymes were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits, and the levels of gene expression and protein abundance of the enzymes were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS Propionate supplementation considerably increased the amount of glucose in the culture medium compared to the control (p<0.05); while there was no discernible difference among the various treatment concentrations (p>0.05). The activities of cytoplasmic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCK1), mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCK2), pyruvate carboxylase (PC), and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC) were increased with the addition of 2.50 and 3.75 mM propionate; the gene expressions and protein abundances of PEPCK1, PEPCK2, PC, and G6PC were increased by 3.75 mM propionate addition. CONCLUSION Propionate encouraged glucose synthesis in bovine hepatocytes, and 3.75 mM propionate directly increased the activities, gene expressions and protein abundances of PC, PEPCK1, PEPCK2, and G6PC in bovine hepatocytes, providing a theoretical basis of propionate-regulating gluconeogenesis in bovine hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Tiantian Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Jiajia Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Wen Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
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13
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Chen L, Chu H, Hu L, Li Z, Yang L, Hou X. The role of NADPH oxidase 1 in alcohol-induced oxidative stress injury of intestinal epithelial cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2345-2364. [PMID: 35639301 PMCID: PMC10547661 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in intestinal barrier injury. However, the mechanism of ROS accumulation in enterocytes needs to be explored further. In our study, we found that chronic-binge ethanol-fed mice had increased levels of gut oxidative stress and high intestinal permeability. The transcription profiles of the colonic epithelial cells showed that the level of NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) was significantly elevated in alcohol-exposed mice compared with isocaloric-exposed mice. In vitro, NOX1 silencing alleviated ROS accumulation and the apoptosis of human colonic epithelial cells (NCM460), while NOX1 overexpression accelerated oxidative stress injury of NCM460 cells. Propionic acid was reduced in the gut of chronic-binge ethanol-fed mice, compared with isocaloric-fed mice, as observed through untargeted metabolomic analysis. Supplementation with propionate relieved ethanol-induced liver and intestinal barrier injuries and reduced the level of ROS accumulation and apoptosis of ethanol-induced colonic epithelial cells. Propionate alleviating NOX1 induced ROS injury of colonic epithelial cells, independent of G protein-coupled receptors. Propionate significantly inhibited histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) expressions both in ethanol-exposed colonic epithelial cells and TNF-α-treated NCM460. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays showed that propionate suppressed the NOX1 expression by regulating histone acetylation in the gene promoter region. In conclusion, NOX1 induces oxidative stress injury of colonic epithelial cells in alcohol-related liver disease. Propionate, which can act as an endogenous HDAC2 inhibitor, can decrease levels of apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuying Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huikuan Chu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lilin Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhonglin Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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14
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Wu M, Liu X, Tu W, Xia J, Zou Y, Gong X, Yu P, Huang WE, Wang H. Deep insight into oriented propionate production from food waste: Microbiological interpretation and design practice. Water Res 2023; 243:120399. [PMID: 37499537 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Using mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) for oriented volatile fatty acids (VFAs) refining in an open environment is a typical challenge due to the microbial diversiform and the process complexity. Especially for carbohydrate-rich waste (such as food waste), butyrate-type fermentation is usually dominant in a single-stage MMCs anaerobic process, while the production of odd-carbon VFAs (such as propionate) is difficult although it plays a significant role in chemicals industries. In this study, firstly, we gave a new perspective on the rationality of the oriented propionate production using MMCs with lactate as feedstock by conducting in-depth microbial informatics and reaction analysis. Secondly, we verified the feasibility of the "food waste-lactate-propionate" route to reverse the original butyrate-type fermentation situation and explore mechanisms for maintaining stability. In the first stage, a defined lactate fermentation microbiome was used to produce lactate-containing broth (80% of total chemical oxygen demand) at pH=4. In the second stage, an undomesticated undefined anaerobic microbiome was used to drive propionate production (45.26% ± 2.23% of total VFAs) under optimized conditions (C/N = 100:1-200:1 and pH=5.0). The low pH environment in the first stage enhanced the lactic acid bacteria to resist the invasion of non-functional flanking bacteria, making the community stable. In the second stage, the system maintained the propionate-type fermentation due to the absence of the ecological niche of the invasive lactic acid bacteria; The selection of propionate-producing specialists was a necessary but not sufficient condition for propionate-type fermentation. At last, this study proposed an enhanced engineering strategy framework for understanding elaborate MMCs fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinning Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weiming Tu
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Juntao Xia
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yina Zou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Gong
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei E Huang
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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15
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Kaur H, Gelain J, Calidonio J, Muñoz M, Faust JE, Schnabel G. Efficacy of calcium propionate against fungicide-resistant fungal plant pathogens and suppression of botrytis blight of ornamental flowers. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 194:105472. [PMID: 37532311 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Conventional fungicides are used in IPM programs to manage fungal plant pathogens, but there are concerns about resistance development in target organisms, environmental contamination, and human health risks. This study explored the potential of calcium propionate (CaP), a common food preservative generally recognized as safe (GRAS) to control fungicide-resistant plant pathogens, mainly Botrytis cinerea, and botrytis blight in ornamentals. In-vitro experiments using mycelium growth inhibition indicated a mean EC50 value for CaP (pH 6.0) of 527 mg/L for six isolates of Botrytis cinerea as well as 618, 1354, and 1310 mg/L for six isolates each of Monilinia fructicola, Alternaria alternata, and Colletotrichum acutatum. In vitro efficacy tests indicated CaP equally inhibited mycelium growth of fungal isolates sensitive and resistant to FRAC codes 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 11, 12, and 17 fungicides. CaP at 0.1% (pH 6.0-6.5) reduced infection cushion (IC) formation in vitro, botrytis blight on petunia flowers, and botrytis blight of cut flower roses with little to no visible phytotoxicity. Although higher concentrations strongly inhibited infection cushion formation, they did not improve efficacy and exhibited phytotoxicity. We hypothesize that high concentrations may create tissue damage that facilitates direct fungal penetration without the need for infection cushion and subsequent appressoria formation. This study indicates the potential usefulness of CaP for blossom blight disease management in ornamentals if applied at concentrations low enough to avoid phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleen Kaur
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States of America
| | - Jhulia Gelain
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States of America
| | - Josselyn Calidonio
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States of America
| | - Melissa Muñoz
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States of America
| | - James E Faust
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States of America
| | - Guido Schnabel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States of America.
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16
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Sugiura J, Tsuchiyama T, Taniguchi M, Fukatsu K, Miyazaki H. Novel SPE purification approach using the direct adsorption of vaporised propionic acid in food for rapid HPLC determination. Food Chem 2023; 428:136799. [PMID: 37429237 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid phase extraction (SPE) is a technique widely used in food analysis for the isolation of analytes. Herein, we proposed a novel application of SPE to extract vaporised propionic acid, a common preservative, from a heated sample solution. A sample was heated under acidified conditions and the resulting steam was directly passed through an SPE column to extract the propionic acid, followed by elution and HPLC analysis. Here, the extraction on the SPE column ensures direct capture of propionic acid. The results demonstrated excellent linearity (R2 greater than 0.999) and recoveries of 89.9%-97.6% with intra- and inter-day precisions lower than 3.9%. To the best of our knowledge, no study has investigated the applicability of SPE to an analyte vaporised in the headspace of food products. The proposed method is promising in its application to various volatile compounds and in the routine analysis of propionic acid in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sugiura
- Food Department, Nagoya City Public Health Research Institute, 4-207, Sakurazaka, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 463-8585, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Tsuchiyama
- Food Department, Nagoya City Public Health Research Institute, 4-207, Sakurazaka, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 463-8585, Japan
| | - Masaru Taniguchi
- Food Department, Nagoya City Public Health Research Institute, 4-207, Sakurazaka, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 463-8585, Japan
| | - Kosuke Fukatsu
- Food Department, Nagoya City Public Health Research Institute, 4-207, Sakurazaka, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 463-8585, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyazaki
- Food Department, Nagoya City Public Health Research Institute, 4-207, Sakurazaka, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 463-8585, Japan
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17
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Girard CL, Duplessis M. Review: State of the knowledge on the importance of folates and cobalamin for dairy cow metabolism. Animal 2023; 17 Suppl 3:100834. [PMID: 37210233 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of B vitamins by the rumen microbiota is usually sufficient to avoid the appearance of clinical deficiency symptoms in dairy cows under normal feeding conditions. Nevertheless, it is now generally accepted that vitamin deficiency is much more than the appearance of major functional and morphological symptoms. Subclinical deficiency, which is present as soon as the supply is lower than the need, causes cellular metabolic changes leading to a loss of metabolic efficiency. Folates and cobalamin, two B vitamins, share close metabolic relationships. Folates act as co-substrates in one-carbon metabolism, providing one-carbon unit for DNA synthesis and de novo synthesis of methyl groups for the methylation cycle. Cobalamin acts as a coenzyme for reactions in the metabolism of amino acids, odd-numbered chain fatty acids including propionate and de novo synthesis of methyl groups. Both vitamins are involved in reactions to support lipid and protein metabolism, nucleotide synthesis, methylation reactions and possibly, maintenance of redox status. Over the last decades, several studies have reported the beneficial effects of folic acid and vitamin B12 supplements on lactation performance of dairy cows. These observations indicate that, even when cows are fed diets adequately balanced for energy and major nutrients, B-vitamin subclinical deficiency could be present. This condition reduces casein synthesis in the mammary gland and milk and milk component yields. Folic acid and vitamin B12 supplements, especially when given together, may alter energy partitioning in dairy cows during early and mid-lactation as indicated by increased milk, energy-corrected milk, or milk component yields without affecting DM intake and BW or even with reductions in BW or body condition loss. Folate and cobalamin subclinical deficiency interferes with efficiency of gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation and possibly alters responses to oxidative conditions. The present review aims to describe the metabolic pathways affected by folate and cobalamin supply and the consequences of a suboptimal supply on metabolic efficiency. The state of knowledge on the estimation of folate and cobalamin supply is also briefly mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Girard
- Centre de recherche et développement de Sherbrooke, Agriculture et agroalimentaire Canada, 2000 rue Collège, Sherbrooke, Québec J1M 0C8, Canada.
| | - M Duplessis
- Centre de recherche et développement de Sherbrooke, Agriculture et agroalimentaire Canada, 2000 rue Collège, Sherbrooke, Québec J1M 0C8, Canada
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18
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Woo JS, Hwang SH, Yang S, Lee KH, Lee YS, Choi JW, Park JS, Jhun J, Park SH, Cho ML. Lactobacillus acidophilus and propionate attenuate Sjögren's syndrome by modulating the STIM1-STING signaling pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:135. [PMID: 37316856 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the exocrine gland. An imbalance of gut microbiota has been linked to SS. However, the molecular mechanism is unclear. We investigated the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) and propionate on the development and progression of SS in mouse model. METHODS We compared the gut microbiomes of young and old mice. We administered L. acidophilus and propionate up to 24 weeks. The saliva flow rate and the histopathology of the salivary glands were investigated, and the effects of propionate on the STIM1-STING signaling pathway were evaluated in vitro. RESULTS Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus were decreased in aged mice. SS symptoms were ameliorated by L. acidophilus. The abundance of propionate-producing bacterial was increased by L. acidophilus. Propionate ameliorated the development and progression of SS by inhibiting the STIM1-STING signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that Lactobacillus acidophilus and propionate have therapeutic potential for SS. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Seok Woo
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Hwang
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - SeungCheon Yang
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Kun Hee Lee
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Yeon Su Lee
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Jeong Won Choi
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Jin-Sil Park
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - JooYeon Jhun
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
| | - Mi-La Cho
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
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19
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Sasaki Y, Kawagoe N, Imai T, Urita Y. Effects of ethanol and sex on propionate metabolism evaluated via a faster 13C-propionate breath test in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:3269-3279. [PMID: 37377586 PMCID: PMC10292142 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i21.3269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcoholism is regarded as a risk factor for vitamin B12 (VB12) deficiency. Because VB12 serves as a coenzyme of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, a key enzyme in propionate metabolism, the 13C-propionate breath test (PBT) has been studied as a non-invasive diagnostic modality for VB12 deficiency. However, the conventional PBT requires 2 h, which is inconvenient in clinical practice. We hypothesized that a faster PBT can be used to evaluate propionate metabolism and is more easily adaptable for clinical practice.
AIM To evaluate a faster PBT for assessing the effects of long-term ethanol consumption on propionate metabolism in ethanol-fed rats (ERs).
METHODS ERs were obtained by replacing standard drinking water (for control rats, CRs) with 16% ethanol solution in descendants of F344/DuCrj rats. Faster PBT was performed by administering 13C-propionate aqueous solution to male and female ERs and CRs by inserting a metal tubule from the mouth to the stomach; exhaled gas was collected in a bag to measure its 13CO2/12CO2 isotope ratio via infrared isotope spectrometry. Serum VB12 and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were measured via chemiluminescence immunoassay and the lactate dehydrogenase-ultraviolet method, respectively. We evaluated statistical differences in mean body weight, change in 13CO2 (Δ13CO2‰), peak Δ13CO2‰, and serum VB12 and ALT, between males and females and between ERs and CRs using the t-test and Mann-Whitney U test for normally and non-normally distributed variables, respectively.
RESULTS Males weighed significantly more than females (P < 0.001); CRs weighed significantly more than ERs (P < 0.008). Δ13CO2 reached a peak (Cmax) at 20 min and 30 min in females and males, respectively, decreasing after 20-30 min without rebound in all groups. Males had significantly higher Cmax and Δ13CO2 at 15-45 min than females (P < 0.05; for all pairs). Propionate metabolism was enhanced in male ERs relative to male CRs, whereas metabolism did not differ markedly between ERs and CRs for females. Males had higher serum VB12 levels than females, without prominent differences between the ER and CR groups. Male CRs had notably higher ALT levels than male ERs. Thus, chronic ethanol consumption may trigger fatty acid production via intestinal bacteria and changes in gut microbiome composition.
CONCLUSION Faster PBT shows that 16% ethanol consumption promotes propionate metabolism without inducing liver injury. This PBT may be used clinically to evaluate gut flora status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Sasaki
- Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kawagoe
- Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
| | - Tsunehiko Imai
- Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Urita
- Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
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Parera Olm I, Sousa DZ. Upgrading dilute ethanol to odd-chain carboxylic acids by a synthetic co-culture of Anaerotignum neopropionicum and Clostridium kluyveri. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod 2023; 16:83. [PMID: 37194097 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02336-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dilute ethanol streams generated during fermentation of biomass or syngas can be used as feedstocks for the production of higher value products. In this study, we describe a novel synthetic microbial co-culture that can effectively upgrade dilute ethanol streams to odd-chain carboxylic acids (OCCAs), specifically valerate and heptanoate. The co-culture consists of two strict anaerobic microorganisms: Anaerotignum neopropionicum, a propionigenic bacterium that ferments ethanol, and Clostridium kluyveri, well-known for its chain-elongating metabolism. In this co-culture, A. neopropionicum grows on ethanol and CO2 producing propionate and acetate, which are then utilised by C. kluyveri for chain elongation with ethanol as the electron donor. RESULTS A co-culture of A. neopropionicum and C. kluyveri was established in serum bottles with 50 mM ethanol, leading to the production of valerate (5.4 ± 0.1 mM) as main product of ethanol-driven chain elongation. In a continuous bioreactor supplied with 3.1 g ethanol L-1 d-1, the co-culture exhibited high ethanol conversion (96.6%) and produced 25% (mol/mol) valerate, with a steady-state concentration of 8.5 mM and a rate of 5.7 mmol L-1 d-1. In addition, up to 6.5 mM heptanoate was produced at a rate of 2.9 mmol L-1 d-1. Batch experiments were also conducted to study the individual growth of the two strains on ethanol. A. neopropionicum showed the highest growth rate when cultured with 50 mM ethanol (μmax = 0.103 ± 0.003 h-1) and tolerated ethanol concentrations of up to 300 mM. Cultivation experiments with C. kluyveri showed that propionate and acetate were used simultaneously for chain elongation. However, growth on propionate alone (50 mM and 100 mM) led to a 1.8-fold reduction in growth rate compared to growth on acetate. Our results also revealed sub-optimal substrate use by C. kluyveri during odd-chain elongation, where excessive ethanol was oxidised to acetate. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the potential of synthetic co-cultivation in chain elongation processes to target the production of OCCAs. Furthermore, our findings shed light on to the metabolism of odd-chain elongation by C. kluyveri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivette Parera Olm
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Centre for Living Technologies, Eindhoven-Wageningen-Utrecht Alliance, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Diana Z Sousa
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Living Technologies, Eindhoven-Wageningen-Utrecht Alliance, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Golpour F, Abbasi-Alaei M, Babaei F, Mirzababaei M, Parvardeh S, Mohammadi G, Nassiri-Asl M. Short chain fatty acids, a possible treatment option for autoimmune diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114763. [PMID: 37105078 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota can interact with the immune system through its metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as one of the most abundant metabolites of the resident gut microbiota play an important role in this crosstalk. SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) regulate nearly every type of immune cell in the gut's immune cell repertoire regarding their development and function. SCFAs work through several pathways to impose protection towards colonic health and against local or systemic inflammation. Additionally, SCFAs play a role in the regulation of immune or non-immune pathways that can slow the development of autoimmunity either systematically or in situ. The present study aims to summarize the current knowledge on the immunomodulatory roles of SCFAs and the association between the SCFAs and autoimmune disorders such as celiac disease (CD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other immune-mediated diseases, uncovering a brand-new therapeutic possibility to prevent or treat autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Golpour
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrsa Abbasi-Alaei
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Babaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mirzababaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Siavash Parvardeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Marjan Nassiri-Asl
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Isayama K, Rini DM, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. Propionate regulates tight junction barrier by increasing endothelial-cell selective adhesion molecule in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Exp Cell Res 2023; 425:113528. [PMID: 36842619 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of the intestinal barrier is closely associated with intestinal microbial metabolism. This study investigated the role of propionate, a major short-chain fatty acid produced by intestinal microorganisms, in the regulation of the tight junction (TJ) barrier in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Propionate strengthened TJ barrier integrity, as indicated by decreased permeability to macromolecules and increased transepithelial electrical resistance in Caco-2 cells. DNA microarray analysis revealed that propionate upregulated endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM), a TJ-associated protein, without any increase in other TJ proteins. The upregulation of ESAM was confirmed using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence analyses. Luciferase promoter analysis demonstrated that propionate induced the transcriptional activation of ESAM. The effects of propionate were sensitive to nilotinib inhibition of NR2C2. Overexpression of human ESAM (hESAM) in canine kidney epithelial MDCK-II cells lowered the permeability to macromolecules in a manner similar to that of propionate-treated Caco-2 cells. hESAM overexpression facilitated calcium-induced assembly of the TJ complex in MDCK-II cells. Taken together, propionate strengthened the intestinal TJ barrier by increasing ESAM levels in Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Isayama
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Dina Mustika Rini
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan; Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran", Surabaya, Jawa Timur, 60294, Indonesia
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
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23
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Tang H, Zhan Z, Liu X, Zhang Y, Huang X, Xu M. Propionate reduces the viability of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi in macrophages by propionylation of PhoP K102. Microb Pathog 2023; 178:106078. [PMID: 36965832 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Propionate, a major constituent of short chain fatty acids, has recently been reported to be involved in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic lysine propionylation (Kpr). However, the propionylation characteristics of the enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) following invasion of the human gut under the influence of propionate, whether virulence is affected, and the underlying mechanisms are not yet known. In the present study, we report that propionate significantly reduces the viability of S. Typhi in macrophages through intra-macrophage survival assays. We also demonstrate that the concentration of propionate and the propionate metabolic intermediate propionyl coenzyme A can affect the level of modification of PhoP by propionylation, which is tightly linked to intracellular survival. By expressing and purifying PhoP protein in vitro and performing EMSA and protein phosphorylation analyses, We provide evidence that K102 of PhoP is modified by Kpr propionate, which regulates S. Typhi viability in macrophages by decreasing the phosphorylation and DNA-binding ability of PhoP. In conclusion, our study reveals a potential molecular mechanism by which propionate reduces the viability of S. Typhi in macrophages via Kpr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyang Zhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiucheng Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinxiang Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Digestive Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang S, Li D, Zhang K, Ma Y, Liu F, Li Z, Gao X, Gao W, Du L. Effects of initial volatile fatty acid concentrations on process characteristics, microbial communities, and metabolic pathways on solid-state anaerobic digestion. Bioresour Technol 2023; 369:128461. [PMID: 36503086 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state anaerobic digestion (SSAD) is vulnerable to excess volatile fatty acids (VFA), mainly acetate and propionate. The co-effects of VFAs and microbial dynamics under VFA accumulation were investigated in SSAD of pig manure and corn straw. Adding 2 and 4 mg/g acetate or propionate caused initial increases in total VFAs, followed by decreases after day 6, resulting in 'mild' VFA accumulation, while adding 6 mg/g caused similarly increased VFAs, but with no subsequent decrease, causing 'severe' VFA accumulation and poor methanation performance. Mild propionate accumulation promoted acetate consumption, whereas acetate accumulation inhibited propionate degradation by affecting crucial redox reactions. Under severe VFA accumulation, hydrolysis and acidification mainly conducted by acid-tolerant Clostridium sp. exacerbated VFA inhibition, causing a competition between Methanosarcina and Methanosaeta, and impairments of acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis and interspecies formate transfer. This study provides new insights into mechanisms of VFA accumulation in SSAD, and its effects on methanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Danni Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Keqiang Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingjun Ma
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Fuyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, 221 Wuyi Road, Shihezi 2553960, China
| | - Zhuowu Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xingliang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, 221 Wuyi Road, Shihezi 2553960, China
| | - Wenxuan Gao
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lianzhu Du
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R, Beijing 100193, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Epidemiologic studies and clinical trials have demonstrated the benefits of dietary fiber. This occurs through a combination of the physiochemical properties of fiber and through microbial fermentation that occurs in the colon which result in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). The purpose of this review is to highlight the physiochemical properties of fiber that result in the range of physiologic effects and to review the literature on the health benefits of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. RECENT FINDINGS Of the variety of properties and functions exerted by dietary fibers, the fermentability and production of SCFA's are emphasized in this review. Studies done in both animal and humans reveal the anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and possible anti-neoplastic roles SCFAs exert at the mucosal level. Many clinical questions remain regarding the optimal dose, type, and method of delivery of fiber to exert the desired beneficial effects. It has the potential to be used in the management of clinical symptoms, prevention of disease, and improvement in human health. Further studies to address this novel use of fiber has the potential to make a large impact in clinical practice.
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Liu Y, Zhong X, Lin S, Xu H, Liang X, Wang Y, Xu J, Wang K, Guo X, Wang J, Yu M, Li C, Xie C. Limosilactobacillus reuteri and caffeoylquinic acid synergistically promote adipose browning and ameliorate obesity-associated disorders. Microbiome 2022; 10:226. [PMID: 36517893 PMCID: PMC9753294 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High intake of caffeoylquinic acid (CQA)-rich dietary supplements, such as green coffee bean extracts, offers health-promoting effects on maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Similar to many active herbal ingredients with high pharmacological activities but low bioavailability, CQA has been reported as a promising thermogenic agent with anti-obesity properties, which contrasts with its poor oral absorption. Intestinal tract is the first site of CQA exposure and gut microbes might react quickly to CQA. Thus, it is of interest to explore the role of gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in the beneficial effects of CQA on obesity-related disorders. RESULTS Oral CQA supplementation effectively enhanced energy expenditure by activating browning of adipose and thus ameliorated obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions in high fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Here, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that CQA treatment remodeled the gut microbiota to promote its anti-obesity actions, as confirmed by antibiotic treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation. CQA enriched the gut commensal species Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) and stimulated the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially propionate. Mono-colonization of L. reuteri or low-dose CQA treatment did not reduce adiposity in DIO mice, while their combination elicited an enhanced thermogenic response, indicating the synergistic effects of CQA and L. reuteri on obesity. Exogenous propionate supplementation mimicked the anti-obesity effects of CQA alone or when combined with L. reuteri, which was ablated by the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) inhibitor 7ACC1 or MCT1 disruption in inguinal white adipose tissues to block propionate transport. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate a functional axis among L. reuteri, propionate, and beige fat tissue in the anti-obesity action of CQA through the regulation of thermogenesis. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the therapeutic use of herbal ingredients with poor bioavailability via their interaction with the gut microbiota. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianchun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Suqin Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hualing Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Liang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Kanglong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Yang LL, Stiernborg M, Skott E, Gillberg T, Landberg R, Giacobini M, Lavebratt C. Lower plasma concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in patients with ADHD. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 156:36-43. [PMID: 36228390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced during bacterial fermentation, have been shown to be mediators in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This axis has been proposed to influence psychiatric symptoms seen in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, there is no report of plasma SCFA concentrations in ADHD. The aim of this study was to explore the plasma concentrations of SCFAs in children and adults with ADHD and the possible factors that could influence those levels. We collected data on age group, sex, serum vitamin D levels, delivery mode, body mass index, diet, medication and blood samples from 233 ADHD patients and 36 family-related healthy controls. The concentrations of SCFAs and the intermediary metabolite succinic acid, were measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Adults with ADHD had lower plasma concentrations of formic, acetic, propionic and succinic acid than their healthy family members. When adjusting for SCFA-influential factors among those with ADHD, children had lower concentrations of formic, propionic and isovaleric acid than adults, and those who had more antibiotic medications during the last 2 years had lower concentrations of formic, propionic and succinic acid. When adjusting for antibiotic medication, we found that among children, those currently on stimulant medication had lower acetic and propionic acid levels, and adults with ADHD had lower formic and propionic acid concentrations than adult healthy family members. In all, our findings show lower-than-normal plasma concentrations of SCFAs in ADHD explained in-part by antibiotic medication, age and stimulant medication. Whether or not this is of clinical significance is yet to be explored.
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Yan J, Pan Y, Shao W, Wang C, Wang R, He Y, Zhang M, Wang Y, Li T, Wang Z, Liu W, Wang Z, Sun X, Dong S. Beneficial effect of the short-chain fatty acid propionate on vascular calcification through intestinal microbiota remodelling. Microbiome 2022; 10:195. [PMID: 36380385 PMCID: PMC9667615 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01390-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification is a major cause of the high morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases and is closely associated with the intestinal microbiota. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are derived from the intestinal microbiota and can also regulate intestinal microbiota homeostasis. However, it remains unclear whether exogenous supplementation with propionate, a SCFA, can ameliorate vascular calcification by regulating the intestinal microbiota. This study was conducted to explore the roles of propionate and the intestinal microbiota in the process of vascular calcification. METHODS In total, 92 patients were enrolled consecutively as the observational cohort to analyse the relationship between SCFAs and vascular calcification in both blood and faecal samples. A rat model of vascular calcification was induced by vitamin D3 and nicotine (VDN) to validate the effect of propionate. Differences in the intestinal microbiota were analysed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Faecal microbiota transplantation and Akkermansia muciniphila transplantation experiments were performed to evaluate the functions of the intestinal microbiota. RESULTS The results of the observational cohort study revealed that the levels of SCFAs (particularly propionate) in both blood and faecal samples independently correlated negatively with calcification scores (P < 0.01). To verify the activities of propionate, it was provided to VDN-treated rats, and oral or rectal propionate delivery reshaped the intestinal microbiota, resulted in elevated SCFA production, improved intestinal barrier function and alleviated inflammation, ultimately ameliorating vascular calcification. Furthermore, we demonstrated that transplantation of the propionate-modulated intestinal microbiota induced beneficial outcomes similar to those with oral or rectal propionate administration. Interestingly, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) revealed that oral or rectal propionate administration and propionate-modulated intestinal microbiota transplantation both enriched primarily Akkermansia. Subsequently, we demonstrated that Akkermansia supplementation could ameliorate VDN-induced vascular calcification in rats. CONCLUSIONS Propionate can significantly ameliorate vascular calcification in VDN-treated rats, and this effect is mediated by intestinal microbiota remodelling. The findings in our study indicate that the intestinal tract-vessel axis is a promising target for alleviating vascular calcification. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanbin Pan
- Department of health management center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenming Shao
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Caiping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongning Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqiong He
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongshun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Tangzhiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhefeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenmin Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shaohong Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
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Dank A, Biel G, Abee T, Smid EJ. Microaerobic metabolism of lactate and propionate enhances vitamin B 12 production in Propionibacterium freudenreichii. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:225. [PMID: 36307780 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propionibacterium freudenreichii is used in biotechnological applications to produce vitamin B12. Although cultured mainly in anaerobic conditions, microaerobic conditions can greatly enhance biomass formation in P. freudenreichii. Since B12 yields may be coupled to biomass formation, microaerobic conditions show great potential for increasing B12 yields in P. freudenreichii. RESULTS Here we show biomass formation increases 2.7 times for P. freudenreichii grown in microaerobic conditions on lactate versus anaerobic conditions (1.87 g/L vs 0.70 g/L). Consumption of lactate in microaerobic conditions resulted first in production of pyruvate, propionate and acetate. When lactate was depleted, pyruvate and propionate were oxidised with a concomitant sixfold increase in the B12 titer compared to anaerobic conditions, showing potential for propionate and pyruvate as carbon sources for B12 production. Consequently, a fed-batch reactor with anaerobically precultured lactate-grown cells was fed propionate in microaerobic conditions resulting in biomass increase and production of B12. Vitamin yields increased from 0.3 [Formula: see text] B12 per mmol lactate in anaerobic conditions to 2.4 [Formula: see text] B12 per mmol lactate and 8.4 [Formula: see text] B12 per mmol propionate in microaerobic conditions. Yield per cell dry weight (CDW) increased from 41 [Formula: see text] per g CDW in anaerobic conditions on lactate to 92 [Formula: see text] per g CDW on lactate and 184 [Formula: see text] per g CDW on propionate in microaerobic conditions. CONCLUSIONS Here we have shown both B12 yield per substrate and per CDW were highest on cells oxidising propionate in microaerobic conditions, showing the potential of propionate for biotechnological production of vitamin B12 by P. freudenreichii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dank
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriela Biel
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tjakko Abee
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eddy J Smid
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Ma S, Yeom J, Lim YH. Specific activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α by propionate metabolism via a β-oxidation-like pathway stimulates MUC2 production in intestinal goblet cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113672. [PMID: 36095963 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are known to stimulate mucin expression in the intestine, which contributes to the gut mucosal immune responses, and the gut mucosal immune system extends to the brain and other organs through several axes. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), especially HIF-1α, are known to act as the master regulator of mucin expression, however, underlying mechanism of mucin expression during hypoxia by SCFAs remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of MUC2 expression by propionate, an SCFA, in intestinal goblet cells. The real time oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and ATPase activity were measured to investigate the induction of hypoxia by propionate. Using 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), microarray analysis, and siRNA-induced gene silencing, we found that propionate is metabolized via a β-oxidation-like pathway instead of the vitamin B12-dependent carboxylation pathway (also known as the methylmalonyl pathway). We verified the results by analyzing several intermediates in the pathway using LC-MS and GC-MS. Propionate metabolism via the β-oxidation-like pathway leads to the depletion of oxygen and thereby induces hypoxia. Analysis of HIFs revealed that HIF-2α is the primary HIF whose activation is induced by propionate metabolism in a hypoxic environment and that HIF-2α regulates the expression of MUC2. Thus, hypoxia induced during propionate metabolism via a β-oxidation-like pathway specifically activates HIF-2α, stimulating MUC2 production in LS 174 T goblet cells. Our findings show that propionate-induced selective HIF-2α stimulation contributes to intestinal mucosal defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongho Ma
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiah Yeom
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hee Lim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Duc LV, Miyagawa Y, Inoue D, Ike M. Identification of key steps and associated microbial populations for efficient anaerobic digestion under high ammonium or salinity conditions. Bioresour Technol 2022; 360:127571. [PMID: 35788390 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) and salinity are major inhibitors of CH4 production in anaerobic digestion. This study evaluated their inhibitory effects on CH4 production and explored the key populations for efficient CH4 production under high NH4+ and NaCl concentrations to understand their inhibition mechanisms. Comparative batch experiments for mesophilic anaerobic digestion were conducted using three seeding sludges under different concentrations of NH4+ (1-5 gNH4-N/L) and NaCl (10-30 g/L). Although all sludges tolerated 3 gNH4-N/L and 10 g/L NaCl, NH4+ or NaCl concentrations higher than these substantially reduced CH4 production, depending on the seeding sludge, primarily by impairing the initial hydrolysis and methanogenesis steps. In addition, propionate was found to be a deterministic factor affecting CH4 production. Based on microbial community analysis, Candidatus Brevefilum was identified as a potential syntrophic propionate-oxidizing bacterium that facilitates the mitigation of propionate accumulation, allowing the maintenance of unaffected CH4 production under high inhibitory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luong Van Duc
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuta Miyagawa
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Inoue
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michihiko Ike
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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32
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Guo W, Zhang Z, Li L, Liang X, Wu Y, Wang X, Ma H, Cheng J, Zhang A, Tang P, Wang CZ, Wan JY, Yao H, Yuan CS. Gut microbiota induces DNA methylation via SCFAs predisposing obesity-prone individuals to diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106355. [PMID: 35842183 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-prone (OP) individuals have a significant predisposition to obesity and diabetes. Previously, we have found that OP individuals, despite being normal in weight and BMI, have already exhibited diabetes-related DNA methylation signatures. However, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here we determined the effects of gut microbiota on DNA methylation and investigated the underlying mechanism from microbial-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Diabetes-related DNA methylation loci were screened and validated in a new OP cohort. Moreover, the OP group was revealed to have distinct gut microbiota compositions, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) demonstrated the role of gut microbiota in inducing diabetes-related DNA methylations and glucolipid disorders. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis indicated a significantly lower level of total fecal SCFAs in the OP group. The gut microbiota from OP subjects yielded markedly decreased total SCFAs, while notably enriched propionate. Additionally, propionate was also identified by variable importance in projection (VIP) score as the most symbolic SCFAs of the OP group. Further cellular experiments verified that propionate could induce hypermethylation at locus cg26345888 and subsequently inhibit the expression of the target gene DAB1, which was crucially associated with clinical vitamin D deficiency and thus may affect the development and progression of diabetes. In conclusion, our study revealed that gut microbiota-derived propionate induces specific DNA methylation, thus predisposing OP individuals to diabetes. The findings partially illuminate the mechanisms of diabetes susceptibility in OP populations, implying gut microbiota and SCFAs may serve as promising targets both for clinical treatment and medication development of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zengliang Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia 010110, China
| | - Lingru Li
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xue Liang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Han Ma
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinjun Cheng
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ping Tang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jin-Yi Wan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Haiqiang Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Li Y, Qin GQ, Wang WY, Liu X, Gao XQ, Liu JH, Zheng T, Zhang W, Cheng L, Yang K, You X, Wu Y, Fang ZZ. Short chain fatty acids for the risk of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:901-909. [PMID: 35368224 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-01870-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to explore relationships short chain fatty acids with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. METHODS We extracted the clinical and omics data of 100 T2D patients and 100 DN patients from April 2018 to April 2019 from a tertiary hospital. Restricted cubic splines were used to examine full-range associations of short chain fatty acids with DN in T2D.Query Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Acetate, butyrate and isovalerate were negatively correlated with DN. Isobutyrate was positively correlated with DN. Propionate ≥ 4.4 μg/mL and isobutyrate ≥ 1.4 μg/mL had threshold effects and their increasing levels above the cutoff points were associated with rapid rises in the risk of DN. The additive interaction between high propionate and high isobutyrate in serum significantly increased the risk of DN (OR34.35; 95%CI 7.11 to 166.08). Presence of hypertension further increased the OR of high propionate for DN to 8.27(95%CI 1.82 to 37.57) with a significant additive interaction. The additive interaction of the high isobutyrate and hypertension was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Acetate, butyrate and isovalerate were negatively associated with DN. Isobutyrate was positively associated with DN. Serum high propionate and high isobutyrate worked independently and synergistically to increase the risk of DN in T2D. Presence of hypertension further amplified the effect of copresence of high propionate on DN risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Qiang Qin
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Ying Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qian Gao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin You
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shannxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhong-Ze Fang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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Laguillaumie L, Rafrafi Y, Moya-Leclair E, Delagnes D, Dubos S, Spérandio M, Paul E, Dumas C. Stability of ex situ biological methanation of H 2/CO 2 with a mixed microbial culture in a pilot scale bubble column reactor. Bioresour Technol 2022; 354:127180. [PMID: 35439560 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological methanation is a promising technology for gas and carbon valorisation. Therefore, process stability is required to allow its scale up and development. A pilot scale bubble column reactor was used for ex situ biological methanation with Mixed Microbial Culture (MMC). A 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing analysis revealed the MMC reached a stable composition with 50-60% Methanobacterium in closed liquid mode, a robust genus adapted to large scale constraints. Class MBA03 was identified as an indicator of process stability. Methanogenic genera moved toward 50% of Methanothermobacter when intensifying the process, and proteolytic activity was identified while 94% of H2/CO2 was converted into methane at 4NL.L-1.d-1. This study gives clarifications on the origin of volatile fatty acids (VFA) apparitions. Acetate and propionate accumulated when methanogenic activity weakened due to nutritive deficiency, and when PH2 reached 0.7 bar. The MMC withstood a storage period of 34d at room temperature indicating its suitability for industrial constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Laguillaumie
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - Yan Rafrafi
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Simon Dubos
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Etienne Paul
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Dumas
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France.
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35
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Wu Q, Dong J, Bai X, Jiang Y, Li J, Fan S, Cheng Y, Jiang G. Propionate ameliorates diabetes-induced neurological dysfunction through regulating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:174974. [PMID: 35490725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A large body of research has established diabetes-related cognitive deterioration, sometimes known as "diabetic encephalopathy". Current evidence supports that oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and cerebral microcirculation weakness are associated with cognition deficits induced by diabetes. The present study explores the effect of propionate on neurological deficits, cerebral blood flow, and oxidative stress in diabetic mice. Propionate in different doses (37.5, 75 and 150 mg/kg) was orally administrated daily. Here, we show that propionate can markedly improve neurological function, which is correlated with its capabilities of stimulating nitrogen monoxide (NO) production, increasing cerebral microcirculation, suppressing oxidative stress, and reducing neuron loss in the hippocampus. In addition, the results of Western Blotting indicated that the brain-protective function of propionate in streptozocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) mice is related to phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine-threonine protein kinase (Akt)/endothelial nitrogen monoxide synthase (eNOS) signaling pathway. In a diabetic mouse model, propionate reduces cerebral microcirculation, hippocampus apoptosis, and neurological impairment. Thus, propionate, now employed as a food preservative, may also help slow diabetes-induced cognitive loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wu
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jiajun Dong
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xinying Bai
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shiqi Fan
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yahong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Gaofeng Jiang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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36
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Li C, Wang Q, Jia W. N 2O reduction during denitrifying phosphorus removal with propionate as carbon source. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:12390-12398. [PMID: 34057632 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Denitrifying phosphorus removal was realized in sequencing batch reactors using different carbon sources (acetate, propionate, and a mixture of acetate/propionate). Nutrient removal and nitrous oxide (N2O) production were investigated, and the factors affecting N2O production were explored. Nitrogen removal was 40.6% lower when propionate was used as the carbon source instead of acetate, while phosphorus removal was not significantly different. N2O production was greatly reduced when propionate was used as the carbon source instead of acetate. The emission factor in the propionate system was only 0.43%, while those in the acetate and mixed-carbon source system were 16.3% and 1.9%, respectively. Compared to the propionate system, ordinary heterotrophic organisms (i.e., glycogen-accumulating organisms) were enriched in the acetate system, explaining the higher N2O production in the acetate system. The lower nitrite accumulation in the propionate system compared to the acetate system was the dominant factor leading to the lower N2O production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- School of Environmental and Programming, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenlin Jia
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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Deng F, Zhang LQ, Wu H, Chen Y, Yu WQ, Han RH, Han Y, Zhang XQ, Sun QS, Lin ZB, Wang Y, Liu YP, Chen JY, Liu KX, Hu JJ. Propionate alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury aggravated by Angiotensin II dependent on caveolin-1/ACE2 axis through GPR41. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:858-872. [PMID: 35002530 PMCID: PMC8741842 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.67724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is still a lack of effective therapeutic drugs, and its molecular mechanism is urgently needed. Studies have shown that the intestinal flora plays an important regulatory role in cardiovascular injury, but the specific mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that an increase in Ang II in plasma was accompanied by an increase in the levels of myocardial injury during myocardial reperfusion in patients with cardiopulmonary bypass. Furthermore, Ang II treatment enhanced mice myocardial I/R injury, which was reversed by caveolin-1 (CAV-1)-shRNA or strengthened by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-shRNA. The results showed that CAV-1 and ACE2 have protein interactions and inhibit each other's expression. In addition, propionate, a bacterial metabolite, inhibited the elevation of Ang II and myocardial injury, while GPR41-shRNA abolished the protective effects of propionate on myocardial I/R injury. Clinically, the propionate content in the patient's preoperative stool was related to Ang II levels and myocardial I/R injury levels during myocardial reperfusion. Taken together, propionate alleviates myocardial I/R injury aggravated by Ang II dependent on CAV-1/ACE2 axis through GPR41, which provides a new direction that diet to regulate the intestinal flora for treatment of myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Liang-Qing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wen-Qian Yu
- The First Ward of Pain Department, Hubei NO. 3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Rong-Hui Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yuan Han
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Major of Clinical Medicine, Nanshan College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qi-Shun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ze-Bin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yong-Pan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Jing-Yi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing-Juan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Pereira AM, de Lurdes Nunes Enes Dapkevicius M, Borba AES. Alternative pathways for hydrogen sink originated from the ruminal fermentation of carbohydrates: Which microorganisms are involved in lowering methane emission? Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:5. [PMID: 34991722 PMCID: PMC8734291 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-021-00153-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Agriculture is responsible for a great share of the anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases that, by warming the earth, threaten its biodiversity. Among greenhouse gas emissions, enteric CH4 from livestock is an important target to slow down climate changes. The CH4 is originated from rumen fermentation and its concentration is affected by several factors, including genetics and nutrition. Ruminants have an extraordinary symbiosis with microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and protozoa) that ferment otherwise indigestible carbohydrates, from which they obtain energy to grow and continue actively producing, among other products, volatile fatty acids, CO2 and H2. Detrimental ruminal accumulation of H2 is avoided by methanogenesis carried out by Archaea methanogens. Importantly, methanogenesis is not the only H2 sink pathway. In fact, other bacteria can reduce substrates using metabolic hydrogen formed during carbohydrate fermentation, namely propionate production and reductive acetogenesis, thus lowering the CH4 produced. Although the complexity of rumen poses challenges to mitigate CH4 production, the emergence of sequencing techniques that allow the study of microbial communities, gene expression, and metabolome are largely contributing to unravel pathways and key players in the rumen. Indeed, it is now recognized that in vivo emissions of CH4 are correlated to microbial communities, and particularly with the abundance of methanogens, several bacterial groups, and their genes. The goal of CH4 mitigation is to work in favor of the natural processes, without compromising rumen function, animal health, and productivity. Notwithstanding, the major challenge continues to be the feasibility and affordability of the proposed solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Pereira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e do Ambiente, Instituto de Investigação em Tecnologias Agrárias e do Ambiente (IITAA), Universidade dos Açores, Campus de Angra do Heroísmo, rua Capitão João d’Ávila, 9700-042 Açores Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lurdes Nunes Enes Dapkevicius
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e do Ambiente, Instituto de Investigação em Tecnologias Agrárias e do Ambiente (IITAA), Universidade dos Açores, Campus de Angra do Heroísmo, rua Capitão João d’Ávila, 9700-042 Açores Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - Alfredo E. S. Borba
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e do Ambiente, Instituto de Investigação em Tecnologias Agrárias e do Ambiente (IITAA), Universidade dos Açores, Campus de Angra do Heroísmo, rua Capitão João d’Ávila, 9700-042 Açores Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
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石 言, 高 偲, 王 会. [Research Progress in Regulation of Allergic Diseases by Short-Chain Fatty Acids]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2022; 53:28-34. [PMID: 35048596 PMCID: PMC10408865 DOI: 10.12182/20220160503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota-derived metabolites play vital roles in the regulation of host-gut microbiota mutualism, gut homeostasis and the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases. Fermentation of indigestible dietary fibers by gut microbiota produces a variety of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) consisting mainly of acetate, propionate and butyrate. Despite high concentrations of SCFAs in the gut, it has been reported in a large number of studies that SCFAs are involved in the onset and development of multiple diseases, including colitis, diabetes mellitus, hepatic steatosis, and obesity. Recent studies including our work found that SCFAs regulates allergic immune reactions and the pathogenesis of allergic diseases via their action on allergic effector immune cells, including T helper 2 (Th2) cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), eosinophils, mast cells and basophils. Herein, we reviewed the association of SCFAs with human allergic diseases, their role in regulating the animal model of allergic diseases and the effects of different SCFAs in regulating the functions of allergic effectors cells and the underlying mechanisms, aiming to provide research clues for in-depth investigation in the role played by SCFAs in regulating various allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- 言彪 石
- 徐州医科大学基础医学院 病原生物学与免疫学教研室 (徐州 221004)Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- 徐州医科大学 江苏省免疫与代谢重点实验室 (徐州 221004)Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - 偲佳 高
- 徐州医科大学基础医学院 病原生物学与免疫学教研室 (徐州 221004)Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- 徐州医科大学 江苏省免疫与代谢重点实验室 (徐州 221004)Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - 会 王
- 徐州医科大学基础医学院 病原生物学与免疫学教研室 (徐州 221004)Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- 徐州医科大学 江苏省免疫与代谢重点实验室 (徐州 221004)Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
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Rhee C, Park SG, Kim DW, Yu SI, Shin J, Hwang S, Shin SG. Tracking microbial community shifts during recovery process in overloaded anaerobic digesters under biological and non-biological supplementation strategies. Bioresour Technol 2021; 340:125614. [PMID: 34315123 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion encounters operational instability due to fluctuations in organic loading. Propionic acid (HPr) is frequently accumulated due to its unfavorable reaction thermodynamics. Here, 'specific' bioaugmentation using HPr enrichment cultures (three different injection regimes of quantity and frequency) was compared with 'non-specific' bioaugmentation using anaerobic sludge, and with non-biological supplementation of magnetite or coenzyme M. The specific bioaugmentation treatments showed superior recovery responses during continuous feeding after a peak overload. A 'one-shot' bioaugmentation with enrichment showed the best remediation, with ~25% recovery time and >10% CH4 conversion efficiency compared to the control. Consecutive bioaugmentation showed evidence of increased stability of the introduced community. Families Synergistaceae, Syntrophobacteraceae, and Kosmotogaceae were likely responsible for HPr-oxidation, in potential syntrophy with Methanoculleus and Methanobacterium. The different supplementation strategies can be considered to reduce the effect of start-up or overload in anaerobic digesters based on the availability of supplementation resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeyoung Rhee
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gwan Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Wook Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Il Yu
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhwan Hwang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gu Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea.
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He W, Wang Y, Xie EJ, Barry MA, Zhang GF. Metabolic perturbations mediated by propionyl-CoA accumulation in organs of mouse model of propionic acidemia. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 134:257-266. [PMID: 34635437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Propionic acidemia (PA) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder after gene encoding propionyl-CoA carboxylase, Pcca or Pccb, is mutated. This genetic disorder could develop various complications which are ascribed to dysregulated propionyl-CoA metabolism in organs. However, the effect of attenuated PCC on propionyl-CoA metabolism in different organs remains to be fully understood. We investigated metabolic perturbations in organs of Pcca-/-(A138T) mice (a mouse model of PA) under chow diet and acute administration of [13C3]propionate to gain insight into pathological mechanisms of PA. With chow diet, the metabolic alteration is organ dependent. l-Carnitine reduction induced by propionylcarnitine accumulation only occurs in lung and liver of Pcca-/- (A138T) mice. [13C3]Propionate tracing data demonstrated that PCC activity was dramatically reduced in Pcca-/-(A138T) brain, lung, liver, kidney, and adipose tissues, but not significantly changed in Pcca-/-(A138T) muscles (heart and skeletal muscles) and pancreas, which was largely supported by PCCA expression data. The largest expansion of propionylcarnitine in Pcca-/-(A138T) heart after acute administration of propionate indicated the vulnerability of heart to high circulating propionate. The overwhelming propionate in blood also stimulated ketone production from the increased fatty acid oxidation in Pcca-/-(A138T) liver by lowering malonyl-CoA, which has been observed in cases where metabolic decompensation occurs in PA patients. This work shed light on organ-specific metabolic alternations under varying severities of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao He
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - You Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Erik J Xie
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Michael A Barry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
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Jardou M, Provost Q, Brossier C, Pinault É, Sauvage FL, Lawson R. Alteration of the gut microbiome in mycophenolate-induced enteropathy: impacts on the profile of short-chain fatty acids in a mouse model. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:66. [PMID: 34711288 PMCID: PMC8555345 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is the most widely used immunosuppressive drug in transplantation and for autoimmune diseases. Unfortunately, more than 30% of patients experience a typical gastrointestinal adverse effect also referred to as mycophenolate-induced enteropathy. Due to its antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties, MPA exposure is associated with intestinal dysbiosis characterized by a decrease in density and diversity of the microbiome regarding the main bacterial phyla (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes). These bacterial phyla are known for their metabolic role in maintaining the homeostasis of the digestive tract, particularly through the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) that could contribute to the pathophysiology of mycophenolate-induced enteropathy. Our study aimed at deciphering short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) profile alterations associated with gastrointestinal toxicity of MPA at the digestive and systemic levels in a mouse model. METHODS Ten-week old C57BL/6 (SOPF) mice were randomly assigned in 2 groups of 9 subjects: control, and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF, 900 mg/kg/day). All mice were daily treated by oral gavage for 7 days. Individual faecal pellets were collected at days 0, 4 and 8 as well as plasma at day 8 for SCFA profiling. Additionally, after the sacrifice on day 8, the caecum was weighted, and colon length was measured. The proximal colon was cut for histological analysis. RESULTS MMF treatment induced around 10% weight loss at the end of the protocol associated with a significant decrease in caecum weight and a slight reduction in colon length. Histological analysis showed significant architectural changes in colon epithelium. Moreover, we observed an overall decrease in SCFA concentrations in faecal samples, especially regarding acetate (at day 8, control 1040.6 ± 278.161 μM versus MMF 384.7 ± 80.5 μM, p < 0.01) and propionate (at day 8, control 185.94 ± 51.96 μM versus MMF 44.07 ± 14.66 μM, p < 0.001), and in plasma samples for butyrate (at day 8, control 0.91 ± 0.1 μM versus MMF 0.46 ± 0.1 μM, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with functional impairment of the gut microbiome linked with digestive or systemic defects during MMF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Jardou
- Univ. Limoges, Inserm U1248, IPPRITT, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Quentin Provost
- Univ. Limoges, Inserm U1248, IPPRITT, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | | | - Émilie Pinault
- Univ. Limoges, Inserm U1248, IPPRITT, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | | | - Roland Lawson
- Univ. Limoges, Inserm U1248, IPPRITT, F-87000 Limoges, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Limoges, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France
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Bashir A, Sun Y, Yu X, Sun X, Li L. Nematicidal effects of 2-methyl-aconitate isomerase from the phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae MB03 on the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. J Invertebr Pathol 2021; 185:107669. [PMID: 34560108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2021.107669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenicity of a common phytopathogenic bacterium, Pseudomonas syringae, against animal model hosts, such as mice and Caenorhabditis elegans, has been recently revealed. However, most of the virulence determinants associated with pathogenesis remain elusive. In the current study, we performed predictive analysis of virulence factors against C. elegans in the genome of the wild-type P. syringae strain MB03. Nine predicted nematicidal proteins were expressed and purified in recombinant Escherichia coli strains and were evaluated to define their toxicity against C. elegans in liquid killing assays. Next, we focused on one essential 2-methyl citrate cycle protein, PrpF03, which showed the highest lethal activity against C. elegans compared to the other tested proteins with a half lethal concentration (LC50) of 155.3 (123.4-176.6) µg mL-1 and a half lethal time (LT50) of 3.72 (1.64-4.85) days. Purified PrpF03 also caused adverse effects on the brood size, growth, and motility of C. elegans. Moreover, the PrpF03 protein exhibited pathological activity towards the intestinal tract of C. elegans. We surmise that the PrpF03 protein functions as a virulence factor when it blocks the average circulation of the 2-methyl citrate cycle of C. elegans by accumulating 2-methyl citrate in the gut of C. elegans, which damages and restrains the growth of intestinal tissues that ultimately kill C. elegans. The discovery of specific nematicidal activities of PrpF03 provides a better understanding of the mechanisms of phytopathogenic P. syringae against nematodes and could aid in developing nematode pest-controlling agents in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Bashir
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaowen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Wang T, Zhu G, Kuang B, Jia J, Liu C, Cai G, Li C. Novel insights into the anaerobic digestion of propionate via Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans and Geobacter sulfurreducens: Process and mechanism. Water Res 2021; 200:117270. [PMID: 34077836 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of volatile fatty acids, particularly propionic acid, significantly inhibits the efficiency of the anaerobic digestion system. In propionate degradation metabolism, the unfavorable thermodynamics of syntrophic reactions, strict ecological niche of syntrophic priopionate oxidizing bacteria, and slow metabolic rate of methanogens are regarded as major limitations. In this study, Geobacter sulfurreducens was co-cultured with Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans in bioelelectrochemical cells to analyze the propionate degradation process, impact factor, mechanism metabolic pathways, and electron transfer comprehensively. The results revealed that the syntroph S. fumaroxidans and syntrophic partner G. sulfurreducens achieved more efficient propionate degradation than the control group, comprising S. fumaroxidans and methanogens. Moreover, the carbon resource concentration and pH were both significantly correlated with propionate degradation (P < 0.01). The results further confirmed that G. sulfurreducen strengthened the consumption of H2 and acetate via direct interspecific electron transfer in propionate degradation. These findings indicate that G. sulfurreducens plays an unidentified functional role in propionate degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Gefu Zhu
- School of Environment and Nature Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Bin Kuang
- School of Economics and Management, Jiangmen Polytechnic, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Jianbo Jia
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Changyu Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Guanjing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Chunxing Li
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
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Bertges M, van Helden J, Weiskirchen R. Quantification of Short Chain Fatty Acids (acetate, butyrate, propionate) in human blood with ion exclusion chromatography. Pract Lab Med 2021; 26:e00244. [PMID: 34337125 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2021.e00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs), i.e. acetate, propionate and butyrate, are mainly produced by bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates in the human colon. Most important are omega-3, omega-6 and unsaturated fatty acids as being important for a healthy lifestyle. SCFAs are fundamental for proper intestinal flora and they can help to prevent type 2 diabetes. SCFAs such as acetate and propionate show promise as candidates to increase satiety-enhancing properties of food. Here we describe a simple method for determining organic acids in human blood.
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Pereira AS, Miranda SM, Lopes M, Belo I. Factors affecting microbial lipids production by Yarrowia lipolytica strains from volatile fatty acids: Effect of co-substrates, operation mode and oxygen. J Biotechnol 2021; 331:37-47. [PMID: 33652072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), which can be generated by acidogenesis of organic wastes, are important building blocks for chemicals production, and are intermediates in many bioprocesses such as microbial lipids production. Important factors affecting the bioconversion of VFAs (acetate, propionate and butyrate) by Yarrowia lipolytica W29 and NCYC 2904 for growth and lipids accumulation were studied. Yarrowia lipolytica grew efficiently in VFAs-based media, but lipids production was enhanced by the addition of co-substrates (glucose or glycerol) in batch cultures. A two-stage batch culture - growth phase on glucose, followed by VFAs addition, improved lipids accumulation. Lipids concentrations of 2.3 g·L-1 and 3.5 g·L-1 were obtained with this mode of operation, with addition of 18 g·L-1 VFAs, for Y. lipolytica W29 and NCYC 2904, respectively. For the first time, it was demonstrated that oxygen mass transfer is a crucial factor for lipids production by Y. lipolytica from VFAs. Intracellular lipids produced by Y. lipolytica strains were mainly composed by oleic and linoleic acids, similar to common vegetable oils, making these lipids suitable for biodiesel production. Moreover, margaric acid, which may improve biodiesel properties, was only detected in propionate medium. The strategies studied herein will contribute to the feasibility of using VFAs as low-cost feedstock for microbial lipids production by Y. lipolytica strains.
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Jiao A, Yu B, He J, Yu J, Zheng P, Luo Y, Luo J, Yan H, Wang Q, Wang H, Mao X, Chen D. Sodium acetate, propionate, and butyrate reduce fat accumulation in mice via modulating appetite and relevant genes. Nutrition 2021; 87-88:111198. [PMID: 33761444 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acetate, propionate, and butyrate, three of the most common short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can be produced when some non-digestible carbohydrates enter the large intestine and undergo bacterial fermentation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these three SCFAs on appetite regulation and lipid metabolism and to determine the extent that appetite contributes to the beneficial influences of SCFAs. METHODS In a 35-d study, 48 C57BL/6J male mice were randomly allocated to six groups: control; 5% sodium acetate; 5% sodium propionate; 5% sodium butyrate; pair fed 1; and pair fed 2. RESULTS The study showed that dietary supplementation of sodium acetate reduced serum triacylglycerol, free fatty acids, glucose, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels (P < 0.05), increased serum glucagon-like peptide 1, and leptin levels (P < 0.05), downregulated the mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, and lipoprotein lipase (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expressions of fasting-induced adipose factor, nuclear respiratory factor 1, mitochondrial transcription factor A, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9, cytochrome-C oxidase IV and free fatty acid receptor 2 (P < 0.05). Sodium propionate also reduced serum IL-1β level (P < 0.05), increased serum peptide YY level (P < 0.05), downregulated the mRNA expressions of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expression of transmembrane protein 26 (P < 0.05). Additionally, sodium butyrate decreased average daily feed intake (P < 0.05) downregulated the mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHc) Ⅱb (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expressions of lipase hormone-sensitive, MyHC Ⅱa and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α (P < 0.05). Moreover, the metabolic benefits of SCFAs were partly attributed to the reduction of feed intake. CONCLUSION Taken together, SCFAs could reduce appetite and fat accumulation via modulating relevant genes and hormones, which might further illustrate the potential mechanisms that underlay the effects of SCFAs on lipid homeostasis and control of body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anran Jiao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Quyuan Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huifen Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China.
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Hou YF, Shan C, Zhuang SY, Zhuang QQ, Ghosh A, Zhu KC, Kong XK, Wang SM, Gong YL, Yang YY, Tao B, Sun LH, Zhao HY, Guo XZ, Wang WQ, Ning G, Gu YY, Li ST, Liu JM. Gut microbiota-derived propionate mediates the neuroprotective effect of osteocalcin in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Microbiome 2021; 9:34. [PMID: 33517890 PMCID: PMC7849090 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-020-00988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with no absolute cure. The evidence of the involvement of gut microbiota in PD pathogenesis suggests the need to identify certain molecule(s) derived from the gut microbiota, which has the potential to manage PD. Osteocalcin (OCN), an osteoblast-secreted protein, has been shown to modulate brain function. Thus, it is of interest to investigate whether OCN could exert protective effect on PD and, if yes, whether the underlying mechanism lies in the subsequent changes in gut microbiota. RESULTS The intraperitoneal injection of OCN can effectively ameliorate the motor deficits and dopaminergic neuronal loss in a 6-hydroxydopamine-induced PD mouse model. The further antibiotics treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation experiments confirmed that the gut microbiota was required for OCN-induced protection in PD mice. OCN elevated Bacteroidetes and depleted Firmicutes phyla in the gut microbiota of PD mice with elevated potential of microbial propionate production and was confirmed by fecal propionate levels. Two months of orally administered propionate successfully rescued motor deficits and dopaminergic neuronal loss in PD mice. Furthermore, AR420626, the agonist of FFAR3, which is the receptor of propionate, mimicked the neuroprotective effects of propionate and the ablation of enteric neurons blocked the prevention of dopaminergic neuronal loss by propionate in PD mice. CONCLUSIONS Together, our results demonstrate that OCN ameliorates motor deficits and dopaminergic neuronal loss in PD mice, modulating gut microbiome and increasing propionate level might be an underlying mechanism responsible for the neuroprotective effects of OCN on PD, and the FFAR3, expressed in enteric nervous system, might be the main action site of propionate. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Hou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chang Shan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Si-Yue Zhuang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhuang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ke-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Ke Kong
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shu-Min Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan-Ling Gong
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yu-Ying Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bei Tao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Li-Hao Sun
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xing-Zhi Guo
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wei-Qing Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan-Yun Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Sheng-Tian Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Jian-Min Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Meng X, Sui Q, Liu J, Yu D, Wang Y, Wei Y. Relieving ammonia inhibition by zero-valent iron (ZVI) dosing to enhance methanogenesis in the high solid anaerobic digestion of swine manure. Waste Manag 2020; 118:452-462. [PMID: 32977305 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Relieving from ammonia inhibition and enhancing the utilization of thermodynamically unfavorable propionate are crucial for methane harvest in the high solid anaerobic digestion (HSAD) of ammonia-rich swine manure. In this study, the potential of dosing zero-valent iron (ZVI, 150 um) for enhancing the methanogenesis to resist total ammonia (TAN) over 5.0 g-N·L-1 was investigated via batch experiments under mesophilic condition. The cumulative methane production was enhanced by 22.2% at ≥160 mM ZVI dosage and the HSAD duration was further shortened by 50.6% at ≥320 mM ZVI dosage. The enhanced methanogenesis was mainly resulted from the full utilization of propionate and the accelerated collapse of posterior-biodegradable organics which might be driven by ZVI. Results of microbial community and qPCR (mcrA) showed that ZVI might trigger the blooming of Methanosarcina (from 27.9% to 78.3%) and Syntrophomonas (0.5% to 3.7%) and attribute to their possible direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) to enhance propionate utilization. Besides, the main methanogenesis might remain in the effective aceticlastic pathway even under free ammonia (FAN) almost 1.0 g-N·L-1 because syntrophic acetate oxidizing bacteria (SAOB) decreased to almost none at 320 mM ZVI dosage. Dosing ZVI could relieve HSAD from TAN inhibition and more dosage was required to resist FAN inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Meng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qianwen Sui
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jibao Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Dawei Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Energy, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330029, China.
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Bilotta AJ, Ma C, Yang W, Yu Y, Yu Y, Zhao X, Zhou Z, Yao S, Dann SM, Cong Y. Propionate Enhances Cell Speed and Persistence to Promote Intestinal Epithelial Turnover and Repair. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:1023-1044. [PMID: 33238220 PMCID: PMC7898181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Gut bacteria-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play crucial roles in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. However, how SCFAs regulate epithelial turnover and tissue repair remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated how the SCFA propionate regulates cell migration to promote epithelial renewal and repair. METHODS Mouse small intestinal epithelial cells (MSIE) and human Caco-2 cells were used to determine the effects of SCFAs on gene expression, proliferation, migration, and cell spreading in vitro. Video microscopy and single cell tracking were used to assess cell migration kinetically. 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and hydroxyurea were used to assess the effects of SCFAs on migration in vivo. Lastly, an acute colitis model using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to examine the effects of SCFAs in vivo. RESULTS Using video microscopy and single cell tracking, we found that propionate promoted intestinal epithelial cell migration by enhancing cell spreading and polarization, which led to increases in both cell speed and persistence. This novel function of propionate was dependent on inhibition of class I histone deacetylases (HDAC) and GPR43 and required signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Furthermore, using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and hydroxyurea in vivo, we found that propionate enhanced cell migration up the crypt-villus axis under homeostatic conditions, while also protecting against ulcer formation in experimental colitis. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate a mechanism by which propionate stimulates cell migration in an HDAC inhibition, GPR43, and STAT3 dependent manner, and suggest that propionate plays an important role in epithelial migration independent of proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Bilotta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Chunyan Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas,Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Yanbo Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Suxia Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Sara M. Dann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Yingzi Cong, PhD, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 4.142C Medical Research Building, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, Texas 77555-1019. fax: (409) 772-5065.
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