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Liu J, Wang Q, Wei Y, Zhang S, Chai E, Tang F. Calpain inhibitor prevents atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice by regulating mRNA expression of genes related to cholesterol uptake and efflux. Microvasc Res 2022; 140:104276. [PMID: 34742813 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We previously reported that a calpain inhibitor (CAI) prevents the development of atherosclerosis in rats. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CAI (1 mg/kg) on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO) mice that were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and explore the underlying mechanism by analyzing the expression of genes related to the uptake and efflux of cholesterol. METHODS Atherosclerotic plaques were evaluated. The activity of calpain in the aorta and that of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the serum were assessed. Lipid profiles in the serum and liver were examined. Serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured. The mRNA expressions of CD68, TNF-α, IL-6, CD36, scavenger receptor (SR-A), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), liver-x-receptor alpha (LXR-α), and ATP-binding cassette transporter class A1 (ABCA1) in the aorta and peritoneal macrophages were also evaluated. RESULTS CAI reduced calpain activity in the aorta. CAI also impeded atherosclerotic lesion formation and mRNA expression of CD68 in the aorta and peritoneal macrophages of ApoE KO mice compared with those of mice receiving HFD. However, CAI had no effect on body weight and lipid levels in both the serum and liver. CAI significantly decreased MDA, oxLDL, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels and increased SOD activity in the serum. Moreover, CAI significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6 genes in the aorta and peritoneal macrophages. In addition, CAI significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of scavenger receptors CD36 and SR-A and upregulated the expression of genes involved in the cholesterol efflux pathway, i.e., PPAR-γ, LXR-α, and ABCA1 in the aorta and peritoneal macrophages. CONCLUSIONS CAI inhibited the development of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE KO mice, and this effect might be related to the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation and the improvement of cholesterol intake and efflux pathways.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/metabolism
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/enzymology
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/enzymology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/enzymology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Calpain/antagonists & inhibitors
- Calpain/metabolism
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Leupeptins/pharmacology
- Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
- Lipid Metabolism/genetics
- Liver X Receptors/genetics
- Liver X Receptors/metabolism
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/enzymology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- PPAR gamma/genetics
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Scavenger Receptors, Class A/genetics
- Scavenger Receptors, Class A/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Liu
- Medical Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiuning Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Yujie Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Shining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Erqing Chai
- Emergency General Hospital, Beijing 100028, China.
| | - Futian Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China.
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2
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Hannemann C, Schecker JH, Brettschneider A, Grune J, Rösener N, Weller A, Stangl V, Fisher EA, Stangl K, Ludwig A, Hewing B. Deficiency of inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) attenuates diet-induced hyperlipidaemia and early atherogenesis. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:156-168. [PMID: 33576385 PMCID: PMC8932158 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial vessel wall and anti-inflammatory treatment strategies are currently pursued to lower cardiovascular disease burden. Modulation of recently discovered inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) attenuates shedding of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) selectively from immune cells. The present study aims at investigating the impact of iRhom2 deficiency on the development of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-deficient mice with additional deficiency of iRhom2 (LDLR-/-iRhom2-/-) and control (LDLR-/-) mice were fed a Western-type diet (WD) for 8 or 20 weeks to induce early or advanced atherosclerosis. Deficiency of iRhom2 resulted in a significant decrease in the size of early atherosclerotic plaques as determined in aortic root cross-sections. LDLR-/-iRhom2-/- mice exhibited significantly lower serum levels of TNF-α and lower circulating and hepatic levels of cholesterol and triglycerides compared to LDLR-/- mice at 8 weeks of WD. Analyses of hepatic bile acid concentration and gene expression at 8 weeks of WD revealed that iRhom2 deficiency prevented WD-induced repression of hepatic bile acid synthesis in LDLR-/- mice. In contrast, at 20 weeks of WD, plaque size, plaque composition, and serum levels of TNF-α or cholesterol were not different between genotypes. CONCLUSION Modulation of inflammation by iRhom2 deficiency attenuated diet-induced hyperlipidaemia and early atherogenesis in LDLR-/- mice. iRhom2 deficiency did not affect diet-induced plaque burden and composition in advanced atherosclerosis in LDLR-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Hannemann
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Hannemann435 East 30th St., 10016 New York, NY, USA
| | - Johannes H Schecker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alica Brettschneider
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Grune
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Physiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Rösener
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Weller
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena Stangl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Edward A Fisher
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Hannemann435 East 30th St., 10016 New York, NY, USA
| | - Karl Stangl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Ludwig
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Radiologie, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Hewing
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Zentrum für Kardiologie, Kardiologische Gemeinschaftspraxis, Loerstr. 19, 48143, Muenster, Germany
- Department of Cardiology III-Adult Congenital and Valvular Heart Disease, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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3
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Mueller PA, Kojima Y, Huynh KT, Maldonado RA, Ye J, Tavori H, Pamir N, Leeper NJ, Fazio S. Macrophage LRP1 (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1) Is Required for the Effect of CD47 Blockade on Efferocytosis and Atherogenesis-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:e1-e9. [PMID: 34758632 PMCID: PMC8702482 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antibody blockade of the "do not eat me" signal CD47 (cluster of differentiation 47) enhances efferocytosis and reduces lesion size and necrotic core formation in murine atherosclerosis. TNF (Tumor necrosis factor)-α expression directly enhances CD47 expression, and elevated TNF-α is observed in the absence of the proefferocytosis receptor LRP1 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1), a regulator of atherogenesis and inflammation. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that CD47 blockade requires the presence of macrophage LRP1 to enhance efferocytosis, temper TNF-α-dependent inflammation, and limit atherosclerosis. Approach and Results: Mice lacking systemic apoE (apoE-/-), alone or in combination with the loss of macrophage LRP1 (double knockout), were fed a Western-type diet for 12 weeks while receiving anti-CD47 antibody (anti-CD47) or IgG every other day. In apoE-/- mice, treatment with anti-CD47 reduced lesion size by 25.4%, decreased necrotic core area by 34.5%, and decreased the ratio of free:macrophage-associated apoptotic bodies by 47.6% compared with IgG controls (P<0.05), confirming previous reports. Double knockout mice treated with anti-CD47 showed no differences in lesion size, necrotic core area, or the ratio of free:macrophage-associated apoptotic bodies compared with IgG controls. In vitro efferocytosis was 30% higher when apoE-/- phagocytes were incubated with anti-CD47 compared with IgG controls (P<0.05); however, anti-CD47 had no effect on efferocytosis in double knockout phagocytes. Analyses of mRNA and protein showed increased CD47 expression in anti-inflammatory IL (interleukin)-4 treated LRP1-/- macrophages compared with wild type, but no differences were observed in inflammatory lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophages. CONCLUSIONS The proefferocytosis receptor LRP1 in macrophages is necessary for anti-CD47 blockade to enhance efferocytosis, limit atherogenesis, and decrease necrotic core formation in the apoE-/- model of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Mueller
- Center for Preventive Cardiology, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Yoko Kojima
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Katherine T. Huynh
- Center for Preventive Cardiology, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Richard A. Maldonado
- Center for Preventive Cardiology, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Jianqin Ye
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Hagai Tavori
- Center for Preventive Cardiology, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Nathalie Pamir
- Center for Preventive Cardiology, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Nicholas J. Leeper
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Sergio Fazio
- Center for Preventive Cardiology, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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4
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Wang Y, Liu L, Li J. LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 depletion inhibits the malignant development of atherosclerosis by miR-145-5p. Microvasc Res 2022; 139:104236. [PMID: 34464666 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is a lipid-driven inflammatory disease of the arterial intima. Evidence is growing that dysregulation of lncRNAs is implicated in the pathogenesis of AS. In this research, the role of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 in AS was investigated. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were fed on a high fat diet to establish mouse models of AS. Macrophages (THP-1) were treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to establish cell models of AS. Atherosclerotic lesions of AS mice were determined by performing Oil red O staining. Lipid metabolic disorders and inflammatory were detected using specific assay kits. KCNQ1OT1 and miR-145-5p expression was measured using RT-qPCR. Levels of PPARα and CPT1 were measured using western blot. RESULTS KCNQ1OT1 expression was upregulated and miR-145-5p was downregulated in atherosclerotic plaques of AS mice and ox-LDL-treated THP-1 cells. Lipid metabolic disorders and inflammation in vivo and in vitro were attenuated by either KCNQ1OT1 knockdown or miR-145-5p overexpression. Additionally, KCNQ1OT1 acted as a molecular sponge of miR-145-5p and downregulated miR-145-5p expression. Furthermore, silencing miR-145-5p abolished the effect of KCNQ1OT1 knockdown. CONCLUSION Silencing KCNQ1OT1 attenuates AS progression by sponging miR-145-5p.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Male
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Inflammation/prevention & control
- Lipoproteins, LDL/toxicity
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/genetics
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- THP-1 Cells
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yebao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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Feng L, Que D, Li Z, Zhong X, Yan J, Wei J, Zhang X, Yang P, Ou C, Chen M. Dihydromyricetin ameliorates vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease by targeting AKT signaling. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2483-2502. [PMID: 34643227 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is characterized by transdifferentiation from contractile vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) into an osteogenic phenotype. However, no effective and therapeutic option to prevent vascular calcification is yet available. Dihydromyricetin (DMY), a bioactive flavonoid isolated from Ampelopsis grossedentata, has been found to inhibit VSMCs proliferation and the injury-induced neointimal formation. However, whether DMY has an effect on osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs and vascular calcification is still unclear. In the present study, we sought to investigate the effect of DMY on vascular calcification in CKD and the underlying mechanism. DMY treatment significantly attenuated calcium/phosphate-induced calcification of rat and human VSMCs in a dose-dependent manner, as shown by Alizarin Red S staining and calcium content assay, associated with down-regulation of osteogenic markers including type I collagen (COL I), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and osteocalcin (OCN). These results were further confirmed in aortic rings ex vivo. Moreover, DMY ameliorated vascular calcification in rats with CKD. Additionally, we found that AKT signaling was activated during vascular calcification, whereas significantly inhibited by DMY administration. DMY treatment significantly reversed AKT activator-induced vascular calcification. Furthermore, inhibition of AKT signaling efficiently attenuated calcification, which was similar to that after treatment with DMY alone, and DMY had a better inhibitory effect on calcification as compared with AKT inhibitor. The present study demonstrated that DMY has a potent inhibitory role in vascular calcification partially by inhibiting AKT activation, suggesting that DMY may act as a promising therapeutic candidate for patients suffering from vascular calcification.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/enzymology
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/enzymology
- Aortic Diseases/etiology
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Flavonols/pharmacology
- Humans
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Osteogenesis/drug effects
- Phosphorylation
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/enzymology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Vascular Calcification/enzymology
- Vascular Calcification/etiology
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
- Vascular Calcification/prevention & control
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Que
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zehua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinglong Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jintao Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Pingzhen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Caiwen Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Minsheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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6
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Kawanishi K, Coker JK, Grunddal KV, Dhar C, Hsiao J, Zengler K, Varki N, Varki A, Gordts PL. Dietary Neu5Ac Intervention Protects Against Atherosclerosis Associated With Human-Like Neu5Gc Loss-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2730-2739. [PMID: 34587757 PMCID: PMC8551057 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective Species-specific pseudogenization of the CMAH gene during human evolution eliminated common mammalian sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) biosynthesis from its precursor N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac). With metabolic nonhuman Neu5Gc incorporation into endothelia from red meat, the major dietary source, anti-Neu5Gc antibodies appeared. Human-like Ldlr-/-Cmah-/- mice on a high-fat diet supplemented with a Neu5Gc-enriched mucin, to mimic human red meat consumption, suffered increased atherosclerosis if human-like anti-Neu5Gc antibodies were elicited. Approach and Results We now ask whether interventional Neu5Ac feeding attenuates metabolically incorporated Neu5Gc-mediated inflammatory acceleration of atherogenesis in this Cmah-/-Ldlr-/- model system. Switching to a Neu5Gc-free high-fat diet or adding a 5-fold excess of Collocalia mucoid-derived Neu5Ac in high-fat diet protects against accelerated atherosclerosis. Switching completely from a Neu5Gc-rich to a Neu5Ac-rich diet further reduces severity. Remarkably, feeding Neu5Ac-enriched high-fat diet alone has a substantial intrinsic protective effect against atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/- mice even in the absence of dietary Neu5Gc but only in the human-like Cmah-null background. Conclusions Interventional Neu5Ac feeding can mitigate or prevent the red meat/Neu5Gc-mediated increased risk for atherosclerosis, and has an intrinsic protective effect, even in the absence of Neu5Gc feeding. These findings suggest that similar interventions should be tried in humans and that Neu5Ac-enriched diets alone should also be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Kawanishi
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Joanna K Coker
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Kaare V. Grunddal
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Chirag Dhar
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Jason Hsiao
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Karsten Zengler
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Nissi Varki
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Ajit Varki
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Philip L.S.M. Gordts
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
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7
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-Ain QU, Ahmed A, Nisa Iqbal MU, Hashmi IA, Khan NI, Khan TA. Clearing the Clutter: Antiatherosclerotic activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis crude extract. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:2205-2211. [PMID: 35034882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant components have been extensively evaluated for their pharmacological activities. This study provides scientific rationale towards the therapeutic effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis aqueous bark extract against induced atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia in pigeons. Phytochemical components of Eucalyptus bark extract possess a great antioxidant activity that potentially reduced the risk of heart diseases. A total of 42 Pigeons of both sexes were distributed into negative control (fed normal grain diet), hyperlipidemic control (fed HFD 1% animal fat oil and 0.1% cholesterol for 3 months), test groups of variable doses (0.05, 0.1, 0.2 to 0.4 gms/kg BW for 21 days) and the group received atorvastatin daily after induction used. At the end of the experiment biochemical and histological evaluation has been performed. After HFD induction the serum levels of liver enzyme AST, glucose, urea, cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, and TG were significantly increased with the reduction in HDL levels. The atherogenic index was also found significantly raised. Microscopic examination of the liver and aorta showed the appearance of lipid-filled foam cells all over the liver parenchyma and intima after the HFD induction. Thus it was concluded that Eucalyptus aqueous bark extract can be effective against atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qurat-Ul -Ain
- Department of Physiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ahmed
- ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Imran Ali Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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8
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Man JJ, Lu Q, Moss ME, Carvajal B, Baur W, Garza AE, Freeman R, Anastasiou M, Ngwenyama N, Adler GK, Alcaide P, Jaffe IZ. Myeloid Mineralocorticoid Receptor Transcriptionally Regulates P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1 and Promotes Monocyte Trafficking and Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2740-2755. [PMID: 34615372 PMCID: PMC8601161 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective MR (mineralocorticoid receptor) activation associates with increased risk of cardiovascular ischemia while MR inhibition reduces cardiovascular-related mortality and plaque inflammation in mouse atherosclerosis. MR in myeloid cells (My-MR) promotes inflammatory cell infiltration into injured tissues and atherosclerotic plaque inflammation by unclear mechanisms. Here, we examined the role of My-MR in leukocyte trafficking and the impact of sex. Approach and Results We confirm in vivo that My-MR deletion (My-MR-KO) in ApoE-KO mice decreased plaque size. Flow cytometry revealed fewer plaque macrophages with My-MR-KO. By intravital microscopy, My-MR-KO significantly attenuated monocyte slow-rolling and adhesion to mesenteric vessels and decreased peritoneal infiltration of myeloid cells in response to inflammatory stimuli in male but not female mice. My-MR-KO mice had significantly less PSGL1 (P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1) mRNA in peritoneal macrophages and surface PSGL1 protein on circulating monocytes in males. In vitro, MR activation with aldosterone significantly increased PSGL1 mRNA only in monocytes from MR-intact males. Similarly, aldosterone induced, and MR antagonist spironolactone inhibited, PSGL1 expression in human U937 monocytes. Mechanistically, aldosterone stimulated MR binding to a predicted MR response element in intron-1 of the PSGL1 gene by ChIP-qPCR. Reporter assays demonstrated that this PSGL1 MR response element is necessary and sufficient for aldosterone-activated, MR-dependent transcriptional activity. Conclusions These data identify PSGL1 as a My-MR target gene that drives leukocyte trafficking to enhance atherosclerotic plaque inflammation. These novel and sexually dimorphic findings provide insight into increased ischemia risk with MR activation, cardiovascular protection in women, and the role of MR in atherosclerosis and tissue inflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Cell Adhesion/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Hypoglycemia/drug therapy
- Hypoglycemia/genetics
- Hypoglycemia/metabolism
- Leukocyte Rolling/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/pathology
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Middle Aged
- Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Monocytes/pathology
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/drug effects
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/metabolism
- Sex Factors
- Signal Transduction
- Spironolactone/therapeutic use
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration
- Treatment Outcome
- U937 Cells
- Young Adult
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Man
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Qing Lu
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - M. Elizabeth Moss
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Brigett Carvajal
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Wendy Baur
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Amanda E Garza
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Roy Freeman
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marina Anastasiou
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Crete Medical School, Crete, Greece
| | - Njabulo Ngwenyama
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Gail K Adler
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Pilar Alcaide
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Iris Z Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
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9
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Wang FZ, Zhou H, Wang HY, Dai HB, Gao Q, Qian P, Zhou YB. Hydrogen sulfide prevents arterial medial calcification in rats with diabetic nephropathy. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:495. [PMID: 34645391 PMCID: PMC8515673 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial medial calcification (AMC) is associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Here, we tested whether hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can prevent AMC in rats with diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS DN was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin and high-fat diet (45% kcal as fat) containing 0.75% adenine in Sprague-Dawley rats for 8 weeks. RESULTS Rats with DN displayed obvious calcification in aorta, and this was significantly alleviated by Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaHS, a H2S donor, 50 μmol/kg/day for 8 weeks) treatment through decreasing calcium and phosphorus content, ALP activity and calcium deposition in aorta. Interestingly, the main endogenous H2S generating enzyme activity and protein expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) were largely reduced in the arterial wall of DN rats. Exogenous NaHS treatment restored CSE activity and its expression, inhibited aortic osteogenic transformation by upregulating phenotypic markers of smooth muscle cells SMα-actin and SM22α, and downregulating core binding factor α-1 (Cbfα-1, a key factor for bone formation), protein expressions in rats with DN when compared to the control group. NaHS administration also significantly reduced Stat3 activation, cathepsin S (CAS) activity and TGF-β1 protein level, and improved aortic elastin expression. CONCLUSIONS H2S may have a clinical significance for treating AMC in people with DN by reducing Stat3 activation, CAS activity, TGF-β1 level and increasing local elastin level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Zheng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong-Yu Wang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang-Bing Dai
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pei Qian
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye-Bo Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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10
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Bonacina F, Martini E, Svecla M, Nour J, Cremonesi M, Beretta G, Moregola A, Pellegatta F, Zampoleri V, Catapano AL, Kallikourdis M, Norata GD. Adoptive transfer of CX3CR1 transduced-T regulatory cells improves homing to the atherosclerotic plaques and dampens atherosclerosis progression. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2069-2082. [PMID: 32931583 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Loss of immunosuppressive response supports inflammation during atherosclerosis. We tested whether adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with Tregulatory cells (Tregs), engineered to selectively migrate in the atherosclerotic plaque, would dampen the immune-inflammatory response in the arterial wall in animal models of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). METHODS AND RESULTS FH patients presented a decreased Treg suppressive function associated to an increased inflammatory burden. A similar phenotype was observed in Ldlr -/- mice accompanied by a selective increased expression of the chemokine CX3CL1 in the aorta but not in other districts (lymph nodes, spleen, and liver). Treg overexpressing CX3CR1 were thus generated (CX3CR1+-Tregs) to drive Tregs selectively to the plaque. CX3CR1+-Tregs were injected (i.v.) in Ldlr -/- fed high-cholesterol diet (western type diet, WTD) for 8 weeks. CX3CR1+-Tregs were detected in the aorta, but not in other tissues, of Ldlr -/- mice 24 h after ACT, corroborating the efficacy of this approach. After 4 additional weeks of WTD, ACT with CX3CR1+-Tregs resulted in reduced plaque progression and lipid deposition, ameliorated plaque stability by increasing collagen and smooth muscle cells content, while decreasing the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages. Shotgun proteomics of the aorta showed a metabolic rewiring in CX3CR1+-Tregs treated Ldlr -/- mice compared to controls that was associated with the improvement of inflammation-resolving pathways and disease progression. CONCLUSION ACT with vasculotropic Tregs appears as a promising strategy to selectively target immune activation in the atherosclerotic plaque.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Adult
- Animals
- Aortic Diseases/immunology
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/immunology
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/genetics
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Genetic Therapy
- Humans
- Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/immunology
- Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Middle Aged
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Prospective Studies
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/metabolism
- Retrospective Studies
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/transplantation
- Transduction, Genetic
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizia Bonacina
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Martini
- Adaptive Immunity Lab, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Monika Svecla
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Jasmine Nour
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cremonesi
- Adaptive Immunity Lab, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Moregola
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Zampoleri
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Centro SISA per lo Studio dell'Aterosclerosi, Ospedale Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
| | - Alberico Luigi Catapano
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Marinos Kallikourdis
- Adaptive Immunity Lab, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Centro SISA per lo Studio dell'Aterosclerosi, Ospedale Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
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11
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Määttä J, Serpi R, Hörkkö S, Izzi V, Myllyharju J, Dimova EY, Koivunen P. Genetic Ablation of Transmembrane Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase Reduces Atherosclerotic Plaques in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2128-2140. [PMID: 34039020 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Määttä
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research (J. Määttä, R.S., V.I., J. Myllyharju, E.Y.D., P.K.), University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Raisa Serpi
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research (J. Määttä, R.S., V.I., J. Myllyharju, E.Y.D., P.K.), University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Sohvi Hörkkö
- Institute of Biomedicine (S.H.), University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Valerio Izzi
- Faculty of Medicine (V.I.), University of Oulu, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, Finland (V.I.)
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research (J. Määttä, R.S., V.I., J. Myllyharju, E.Y.D., P.K.), University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Elitsa Y Dimova
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research (J. Määttä, R.S., V.I., J. Myllyharju, E.Y.D., P.K.), University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Peppi Koivunen
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research (J. Määttä, R.S., V.I., J. Myllyharju, E.Y.D., P.K.), University of Oulu, Finland
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12
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Li Y, Tang J, Gao H, Xu Y, Han Y, Shang H, Lu Y, Qin C. Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids and polysaccharides attenuate atherosclerotic plaque in high-fat diet rabbits. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1929-1938. [PMID: 33992512 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis is characterized by lipid deposition, oxidative stress, and inflammation in the arterial intima. Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids (GLTs) and polysaccharides (GLPs) are traditional Chinese medicines with potential cardiovascular benefits. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effect of GLTs and GLPs on atherosclerosis and the associated underlying mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS Japanese big-ear white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups of blank, model, and treatment, and the treatment group was fed with GLSO and GLSP (0.3 g/kg body-weight/day) for 4 months. Serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total (TC), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in GL treatment group were significantly lower than those in the model group. The area of aortic plaques was significantly reduced in the treatment group. Further, GL administration in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) by inhibiting the upregulation of the nuclear transcription factor (NF)-κB p65 and the relative receptor LOX-1. In THP-1 cells treated with phorbol myristate acetate, GL inhibited the inflammatory polarization of macrophages (as evidenced by reduced TNF-α levels) via regulation of Notch1 and DLL4 pathways. Ox-LDL-stimulated THP-1 cells treated with GL showed an increase in the apoptosis of foam cells. CONCLUSIONS GLTs and GLPs attenuated the progression of atherosclerosis by alleviating endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory polarization of macrophages, thus promoting apoptosis of foam cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hongling Gao
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Qinghai, 810007, China
| | - Yanfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yunlin Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Haiquan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yaozeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China.
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13
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Chen YX, Shi C, Deng J, Diao C, Maarouf N, Rosin M, Shrivastava V, Hu AA, Bharadwa S, Adijiang A, Ulke-Lemee A, Gwilym B, Hellmich A, Malozzi C, Batulan Z, Dean JLE, Ramirez FD, Liu J, Gerthoffer WT, O’Brien ER. HSP25 Vaccination Attenuates Atherogenesis via Upregulation of LDLR Expression, Lowering of PCSK9 Levels and Curbing of Inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:e338-e353. [PMID: 33792343 PMCID: PMC8159870 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.315933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Antibodies/blood
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/enzymology
- Aorta/immunology
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/enzymology
- Aortic Diseases/immunology
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/enzymology
- Atherosclerosis/immunology
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Case-Control Studies
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Heat-Shock Proteins/administration & dosage
- Heat-Shock Proteins/immunology
- Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Chaperones/administration & dosage
- Molecular Chaperones/immunology
- Molecular Chaperones/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Proprotein Convertase 9/metabolism
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/metabolism
- Vaccination
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xiang Chen
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chunhua Shi
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jingti Deng
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Catherine Diao
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nadia Maarouf
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew Rosin
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vipul Shrivastava
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Angie A. Hu
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sonya Bharadwa
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ayinuer Adijiang
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Annegret Ulke-Lemee
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brenig Gwilym
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alexandria Hellmich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Christopher Malozzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama Medical Center, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Zarah Batulan
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jonathan L. E. Dean
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - F. Daniel Ramirez
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
| | - William T. Gerthoffer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Edward R. O’Brien
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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14
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Ling QS, Zhang SL, Tian JS, Cheng MH, Liu AJ, Fu FH, Liu JG, Miao CY. Allisartan isoproxil reduces mortality of stroke-prone rats and protects against cerebrovascular, cardiac, and aortic damage. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:871-884. [PMID: 34002042 PMCID: PMC8149727 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00684-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a common cause of death and disability. Allisartan isoproxil (ALL) is a new angiotensin II receptor blocker and a new antihypertensive drug discovered and developed in China. In the present study we investigated the therapeutic effects of ALL in stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats (RHR-SP) and the underlying mechanisms. The model rats were generated via two-kidney two-clip (2K2C) surgery, which led to 100% of hypertension, 100% of cerebrovascular damage as well as 100% of mortality 1 year after the surgery. Administration of ALL (30 mg · kg-1 · d-1 in diet, for 55 weeks) significantly decreased stroke-related death and prolonged lifespan in RHR-SP, but the survival ALL-treated RHR-SP remained of hypertension and cardiovascular hypertrophy compared with sham-operated normal controls. In addition to cardiac, and aortic protection, ALL treatment for 10 or 12 weeks significantly reduced cerebrovascular damage incidence and scoring, along with a steady reduction of blood pressure (BP) in RHR-SP. Meanwhile, it significantly decreased serum aldosterone and malondialdehyde levels and cerebral NAD(P)H oxidase expressions in RHR-SP. We conducted 24 h continuous BP recording in conscious freely moving RHR-SP, and found that a single intragastric administration of ALL produced a long hypotensive effect lasting for at least 12 h on systolic BP. Taken together, our results in RHR-SP demonstrate that ALL can be used for stroke prevention via BP reduction and organ protection, with the molecular mechanisms related to inhibition of angiotensin-aldosterone system and oxidative stress. This study also provides a valuable scoring for evaluation of cerebrovascular damage and drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Sheng Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Sai-Long Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ming-He Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ai-Jun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Feng-Hua Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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15
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Han Y, Hua S, Chen Y, Yang W, Zhao W, Huang F, Qiu Z, Yang C, Jiang J, Su X, Yang K, Jin W. Circulating PGLYRP1 Levels as a Potential Biomarker for Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:578-585. [PMID: 33760799 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Coronary artery disease (CAD) and associated comorbidities such as heart failure (HF) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide attributed to, at least partially, the lack of biomarkers for efficient disease diagnosis. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic potential of serum peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), an important component of the innate immunity and inflammation system, for both CAD and HF. A machine-learning method (random forest) was used to evaluate the clinical utility of circulating PGLYRP1 for diagnosis of CAD and HF in a total of 370 individuals. Causal links of chronic serum PGLYRP1 elevation to both diseases were further explored in ApoE-/- mice. The serum levels of PGLYRP1 were significantly higher in individuals with either chronic CAD or acute coronary syndrome than those in those without coronary artery stenosis (the control group) and even more pronounced in CAD individuals with concomitant HF. Our random forest classifier revealed that this protein performed better than other recommended clinical indicators in distinguishing the CAD from the control individuals. In addition, this protein associates more with the biomarkers of HF including left ventricular ejection fraction than inflammation. Notably, our mice experiment indicated that long-term treatment with recombinant PGLYRP1 could significantly impair the cardiovascular system as reflected from both increased atherogenic lesions and reduced fractional shortening of the left ventricle. Our findings, therefore, supported the circulating levels of PGLYRP1 as a valuable biomarker for both CAD and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Han
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
| | - Sha Hua
- Department of Cardiology, RuiJin Hospital/Lu Wan Branch, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
| | - Weilin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
| | - Fanyi Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
| | - Zeping Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
| | - Chendie Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
| | - Xiuxiu Su
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and
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16
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Seneviratne A, Cave L, Hyde G, Moestrup SK, Carling D, Mason JC, Haskard DO, Boyle JJ. Metformin directly suppresses atherosclerosis in normoglycaemic mice via haematopoietic adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1295-1308. [PMID: 32667970 PMCID: PMC8064441 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atherosclerotic vascular disease has an inflammatory pathogenesis. Heme from intraplaque haemorrhage may drive a protective and pro-resolving macrophage M2-like phenotype, Mhem, via AMPK and activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1). The antidiabetic drug metformin may also activate AMPK-dependent signalling. Hypothesis: Metformin systematically induces atheroprotective genes in macrophages via AMPK and ATF1, thereby suppresses atherogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Normoglycaemic Ldlr-/- hyperlipidaemic mice were treated with oral metformin, which profoundly suppressed atherosclerotic lesion development (P < 5 × 10-11). Bone marrow transplantation from AMPK-deficient mice demonstrated that metformin-related atheroprotection required haematopoietic AMPK [analysis of variance (ANOVA), P < 0.03]. Metformin at a clinically relevant concentration (10 μM) evoked AMPK-dependent and ATF1-dependent increases in Hmox1, Nr1h2 (Lxrb), Abca1, Apoe, Igf1, and Pdgf, increases in several M2-markers and decreases in Nos2, in murine bone marrow macrophages. Similar effects were seen in human blood-derived macrophages, in which metformin-induced protective genes and M2-like genes, suppressible by si-ATF1-mediated knockdown. Microarray analysis comparing metformin with heme in human macrophages indicated that the transcriptomic effects of metformin were related to those of heme, but not identical. Metformin-induced lesional macrophage expression of p-AMPK, p-ATF1, and downstream M2-like protective effects. CONCLUSION Metformin activates a conserved AMPK-ATF1-M2-like pathway in mouse and human macrophages, and results in highly suppressed atherogenesis in hyperlipidaemic mice via haematopoietic AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luke Cave
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gareth Hyde
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - David Carling
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Justin C Mason
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dorian O Haskard
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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17
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Stein S, Weber J, Nusser-Stein S, Pahla J, Zhang HE, Mohammed SA, Oppi S, Gaul DS, Paneni F, Tailleux A, Staels B, von Meyenn F, Ruschitzka F, Gorrell MD, Lüscher TF, Matter CM. Deletion of fibroblast activation protein provides atheroprotection. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1060-1069. [PMID: 32402085 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is upregulated at sites of tissue remodelling including chronic arthritis, solid tumours, and fibrotic hearts. It has also been associated with human coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Yet, the causal role of FAP in atherosclerosis remains unknown. To investigate the cause-effect relationship of endogenous FAP in atherogenesis, we assessed the effects of constitutive Fap deletion on plaque formation in atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E (Apoe) or low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr) knockout mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Using en face analyses of thoraco-abdominal aortae and aortic sinus cross-sections, we demonstrate that Fap deficiency decreased plaque formation in two atherosclerotic mouse models (-46% in Apoe and -34% in Ldlr knockout mice). As a surrogate of plaque vulnerability fibrous cap thickness was used; it was increased in Fap-deficient mice, whereas Sirius red staining demonstrated that total collagen content remained unchanged. Using polarized light, atherosclerotic lesions from Fap-deficient mice displayed increased FAP targets in terms of enhanced collagen birefringence in plaques and increased pre-COL3A1 expression in aortic lysates. Analyses of the Stockholm Atherosclerosis Gene Expression data revealed that FAP expression was increased in human atherosclerotic compared to non-atherosclerotic arteries. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide causal evidence that constitutive Fap deletion decreases progression of experimental atherosclerosis and increases features of plaque stability with decreased collagen breakdown. Thus, inhibition of FAP expression or activity may not only represent a promising therapeutic target in atherosclerosis but appears safe at the experimental level for FAP-targeted cancer therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/enzymology
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/enzymology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/enzymology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Case-Control Studies
- Collagen/genetics
- Collagen/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endopeptidases/deficiency
- Endopeptidases/genetics
- Fibrosis
- Gene Deletion
- Humans
- Lipids/blood
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/deficiency
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Proteome
- Receptors, LDL/deficiency
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Transcriptome
- Vascular Remodeling
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokrates Stein
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julien Weber
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Nusser-Stein
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Pahla
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Hui E Zhang
- Liver Enzymes in Metabolism and Inflammation Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW 2050, Liver Enzymes in Metabolism and Inflammation Program, Centenary Institute, Australia
| | - Shafeeq A Mohammed
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sara Oppi
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Daniel S Gaul
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Tailleux
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011 - EGID, Lille, 42 Rue Paul Duez, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011 - EGID, Lille, 42 Rue Paul Duez, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Ferdinand von Meyenn
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16 CH-8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark D Gorrell
- Liver Enzymes in Metabolism and Inflammation Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW 2050, Liver Enzymes in Metabolism and Inflammation Program, Centenary Institute, Australia
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Cardiology, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospital Trust, Imperial College London, 77 Wimpole Street, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Christian M Matter
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Wang G, Chen JJ, Deng WY, Ren K, Yin SH, Yu XH. CTRP12 ameliorates atherosclerosis by promoting cholesterol efflux and inhibiting inflammatory response via the miR-155-5p/LXRα pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:254. [PMID: 33692340 PMCID: PMC7947013 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03544-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
C1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein 12 (CTRP12), a conserved paralog of adiponectin, is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about its role in atherogenesis. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of CTRP12 on atherosclerosis and explore the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that lentivirus-mediated CTRP12 overexpression inhibited lipid accumulation and inflammatory response in lipid-laden macrophages. Mechanistically, CTRP12 decreased miR-155-5p levels and then increased its target gene liver X receptor α (LXRα) expression, which increased ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1)- and ABCG1-dependent cholesterol efflux and promoted macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype. Injection of lentiviral vector expressing CTRP12 decreased atherosclerotic lesion area, elevated plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, promoted reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), and alleviated inflammatory response in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice fed a Western diet. Similar to the findings of in vitro experiments, CTRP12 overexpression diminished miR-155-5p levels but increased LXRα, ABCA1, and ABCG1 expression in the aortas of apoE-/- mice. Taken together, these results suggest that CTRP12 protects against atherosclerosis by enhancing RCT efficiency and mitigating vascular inflammation via the miR-155-5p/LXRα pathway. Stimulating CTRP12 production could be a novel approach for reducing atherosclerosis.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/metabolism
- Adipokines/genetics
- Adipokines/metabolism
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Inflammation/prevention & control
- Liver X Receptors/genetics
- Liver X Receptors/metabolism
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Signal Transduction
- THP-1 Cells
- Up-Regulation
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
| | - Wen-Yi Deng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
| | - Kun Ren
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shan-Hui Yin
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China.
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19
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Zhang D, Qiao X, Yao J, Zhang L, Wu X, Ma J, Cai X, Boström KI, Yao Y. Pronethalol Reduces Sox2 (SRY [Sex-Determining Region Y]-Box 2) to Ameliorate Vascular Calcification. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:931-933. [PMID: 33297753 PMCID: PMC8105260 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daoqin Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, U.S.A
| | - Xiaojing Qiao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, U.S.A
| | - Jiayi Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, U.S.A
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, U.S.A
| | - Xiuju Wu
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, U.S.A
| | - Jocelyn Ma
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, U.S.A
| | - Xinjiang Cai
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, U.S.A
| | - Kristina I. Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, U.S.A
- The Molecular Biology Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570, U.S.A
| | - Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, U.S.A
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20
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Singh B, Kosuru R, Lakshmikanthan S, Sorci-Thomas M, Zhang D, Sparapani R, Vasquez-Vivar J, Chrzanowska M. Endothelial Rap1 (Ras-Association Proximate 1) Restricts Inflammatory Signaling to Protect From the Progression of Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:638-650. [PMID: 33267664 PMCID: PMC8105264 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Small GTPase Rap1 (Ras-association proximate 1) is a novel, positive regulator of NO release and endothelial function with a potentially key role in mechanosensing of atheroprotective, laminar flow. Our objective was to delineate the role of Rap1 in the progression of atherosclerosis and its specific functions in the presence and absence of laminar flow, to better define its role in endothelial mechanisms contributing to plaque formation and atherogenesis. Approach and Results: In a mouse atherosclerosis model, endothelial Rap1B deletion exacerbates atherosclerotic plaque formation. In the thoracic aorta, where laminar shear stress-induced NO is otherwise atheroprotective, plaque area is increased in Athero-Rap1BiΔEC (atherogenic endothelial cell-specific, tamoxifen-inducible Rap1A+Rap1B knockout) mice. Endothelial Rap1 deficiency also leads to increased plaque size, leukocyte accumulation, and increased CAM (cell adhesion molecule) expression in atheroprone areas, whereas vascular permeability is unchanged. In endothelial cells, in the absence of protective laminar flow, Rap1 deficiency leads to an increased proinflammatory TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha) signaling and increased NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) activation and elevated inflammatory receptor expression. Interestingly, this increased signaling to NF-κB activation is corrected by AKTVIII-an inhibitor of Akt (protein kinase B) translocation to the membrane. Together, these data implicate Rap1 in restricting Akt-dependent signaling, preventing excessive cytokine receptor signaling and proinflammatory NF-κB activation. CONCLUSIONS Via 2 distinct mechanisms, endothelial Rap1 protects from the atherosclerosis progression in the presence and absence of laminar flow; Rap1-stimulated NO release predominates in laminar flow, and restriction of proinflammatory signaling predominates in the absence of laminar flow. Our studies provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying endothelial homeostasis and reveal the importance of Rap1 signaling in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandana Singh
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ramoji Kosuru
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | | - Mary Sorci-Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Division of Endocrinology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - David Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Rodney Sparapani
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Jeannette Vasquez-Vivar
- Department of Biophysics and Redox Biology Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Magdalena Chrzanowska
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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21
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Ganguly R, Khanal S, Mathias A, Gupta S, Lallo J, Sahu S, Ohanyan V, Patel A, Storm K, Datta S, Raman P. TSP-1 (Thrombospondin-1) Deficiency Protects ApoE -/- Mice Against Leptin-Induced Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:e112-e127. [PMID: 33327743 PMCID: PMC8105272 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperleptinemia, hallmark of obesity, is a putative pathophysiologic trigger for atherosclerosis. We previously reported a stimulatory effect of leptin on TSP-1 (thrombospondin-1) expression, a proatherogenic matricellular protein implicated in atherogenesis. However, a causal role of TSP-1 in leptin-driven atherosclerosis remains unknown. Approach and Results: Seventeen-weeks-old ApoE-/- and TSP-1-/-/ApoE-/- double knockout mice, on normocholesterolemic diet, were treated with or without murine recombinant leptin (5 µg/g bwt, IP) once daily for 3 weeks. Using aortic root morphometry and en face lesion assay, we found that TSP-1 deletion abrogated leptin-stimulated lipid-filled lesion burden, plaque area, and collagen accumulation in aortic roots of ApoE-/- mice, shown via Oil red O, hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson trichrome staining, respectively. Immunofluorescence microscopy of aortic roots showed that TSP-1 deficiency blocked leptin-induced inflammatory and smooth muscle cell abundance as well as cellular proliferation in ApoE-/- mice. Moreover, these effects were concomitant to changes in VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein)-triglyceride and HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol levels. Immunoblotting further revealed reduced vimentin and pCREB (phospho-cyclic AMP response element-binding protein) accompanied with augmented smooth muscle-myosin heavy chain expression in aortic vessels of leptin-treated double knockout versus leptin-treated ApoE-/-; also confirmed in aortic smooth muscle cells from the mice genotypes, incubated ± leptin in vitro. Finally, TSP-1 deletion impeded plaque burden in leptin-treated ApoE-/- on western diet, independent of plasma lipid alterations. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides evidence for a protective effect of TSP-1 deletion on leptin-stimulated atherogenesis. Our findings suggest a regulatory role of TSP-1 on leptin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition and inflammatory lesion invasion. Collectively, these results underscore TSP-1 as a potential target of leptin-induced vasculopathy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/chemically induced
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/chemically induced
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Collagen/metabolism
- Diet, High-Fat
- Disease Models, Animal
- Leptin
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Signal Transduction
- Thrombospondin 1/deficiency
- Thrombospondin 1/genetics
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Ganguly
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH
- Current Address: Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Saugat Khanal
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH
| | - Amy Mathias
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH
| | - Shreya Gupta
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH
| | - Jason Lallo
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH
| | - Soumyadip Sahu
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH
- Current Address: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709
| | - Vahagn Ohanyan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH
| | - Aakaash Patel
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH
| | - Kyle Storm
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH
| | - Sujay Datta
- Department of Statistics, The University of Akron, Akron, OH
| | - Priya Raman
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH
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22
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Abstract
BACKGROUND NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and several studies have suggested that inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome could be a potential therapeutic approach to treat atherosclerosis. Baicalin is a flavone glycoside with anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative activities. The inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by baicalin has also been described. Therefore, the effects of baicalin on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and atherosclerosis were evaluated in present study. METHODS We established the apolipoprotein E-deficient atherosclerosis mice model. After baicalin treatment, the IL-1, IL-18, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the plaque area was monitored. We also measured the NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 expression in atherosclerosis mice after baicalin treatment. We silenced NLRP3 by administration of lentivirus expressing NLRP3 shRNA to atherosclerosis mice and monitored the IL-1, IL-18, and ROS production, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. RESULTS Baicalin remarkably inhibited the production of IL-1, IL-18, mitochondria ROS, total ROS, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1. Baicalin reduced the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and suppressed its activation. Baicalin significantly reduced the plaque area. Silencing NLRP3 resulted in decreased production of IL-1, IL-18, mitochondria ROS, total ROS, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. CONCLUSION Baicalin ameliorated atherosclerosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Third People’s Hospital of Liaocheng City, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Zhengtang Wang
- Department of Surgery, Third People’s Hospital of Liaocheng City, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Zhilu Yuan
- Department of Surgery, Third People’s Hospital of Liaocheng City, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shuzhen Lv
- Department of Orthopedic, Third People’s Hospital of Liaocheng City, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Qingbo Su
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Qingbo Su, Department of Vascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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23
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Kang GH, Lee S, Choi DB, Shin D, Kim J, Yang H, Bae H. Bee Venom Phospholipase A2 Ameliorates Atherosclerosis by Modulating Regulatory T Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12100609. [PMID: 32977607 PMCID: PMC7598180 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12100609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by lipids and calcareous accumulations in the vascular wall due to an inflammatory reaction. Recent reports have demonstrated that regulatory T (Treg) cells have an important role as a new treatment for atherosclerosis. This study suggests that bee venom phospholipase A2 (bvPLA2) may be a potential therapeutic agent in atherosclerosis by inducing Treg cells. We examined the effects of bvPLA2 on atherosclerosis using ApoE-/- and ApoE-/-/Foxp3DTR mice. In this study, bvPLA2 increased Treg cells, followed by a decrease in lipid accumulation in the aorta and aortic valve and the formation of foam cells. Importantly, the effect of bvPLA2 was found to depend on Treg cells. This study suggests that bvPLA2 can be a potential therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis.
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24
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Douglas G, Mehta V, Al Haj Zen A, Akoumianakis I, Goel A, Rashbrook VS, Trelfa L, Donovan L, Drydale E, Chuaiphichai S, Antoniades C, Watkins H, Kyriakou T, Tzima E, Channon KM. A key role for the novel coronary artery disease gene JCAD in atherosclerosis via shear stress mechanotransduction. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1863-1874. [PMID: 31584065 PMCID: PMC7449560 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have consistently identified an association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and a locus on chromosome 10 containing a single gene, JCAD (formerly KIAA1462). However, little is known about the mechanism by which JCAD could influence the development of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Vascular function was quantified in subjects with CAD by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and vasorelaxation responses in isolated blood vessel segments. The JCAD risk allele identified by GWAS was associated with reduced FMD and reduced endothelial-dependent relaxations. To study the impact of loss of Jcad on atherosclerosis, Jcad-/- mice were crossed to an ApoE-/- background and fed a high-fat diet from 6 to16 weeks of age. Loss of Jcad did not affect blood pressure or heart rate. However, Jcad-/-ApoE-/- mice developed significantly less atherosclerosis in the aortic root and the inner curvature of the aortic arch. En face analysis revealed a striking reduction in pro-inflammatory adhesion molecules at sites of disturbed flow on the endothelial cell layer of Jcad-/- mice. Loss of Jcad lead to a reduced recovery perfusion in response to hind limb ischaemia, a model of altered in vivo flow. Knock down of JCAD using siRNA in primary human aortic endothelial cells significantly reduced the response to acute onset of flow, as evidenced by reduced phosphorylation of NF-КB, eNOS, and Akt. CONCLUSION The novel CAD gene JCAD promotes atherosclerotic plaque formation via a role in the endothelial cell shear stress mechanotransduction pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/physiopathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/physiopathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/physiopathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Coronary Artery Disease/genetics
- Coronary Artery Disease/metabolism
- Coronary Artery Disease/physiopathology
- Coronary Circulation
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Coronary Vessels/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Hindlimb/blood supply
- Humans
- Ischemia/genetics
- Ischemia/metabolism
- Ischemia/physiopathology
- Male
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
- Stress, Mechanical
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Douglas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Vedanta Mehta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Ayman Al Haj Zen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ioannis Akoumianakis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Victoria S Rashbrook
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Lucy Trelfa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Lucy Donovan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Edward Drydale
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Surawee Chuaiphichai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Theodosios Kyriakou
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Ellie Tzima
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
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25
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Ben-Aicha S, Casaní L, Muñoz-García N, Joan-Babot O, Peña E, Aržanauskaitė M, Gutierrez M, Mendieta G, Padró T, Badimon L, Vilahur G. HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Remodeling and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Assessed Atherosclerotic Plaque Burden: Study in a Preclinical Experimental Model. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:2481-2493. [PMID: 32847390 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HDL (high-density lipoprotein) role in atherosclerosis is controversial. Clinical trials with CETP (cholesterylester transfer protein)-inhibitors have not provided benefit. We have shown that HDL remodeling in hypercholesterolemia reduces HDL cardioprotective potential. We aimed to assess whether hypercholesterolemia affects HDL-induced atherosclerotic plaque regression. Approach and Results: Atherosclerosis was induced in New Zealand White rabbits for 3-months by combining a high-fat-diet and double-balloon aortic denudation. Then, animals underwent magnetic resonance imaging (basal plaque) and randomized to receive 4 IV infusions (1 infusion/wk) of HDL isolated from normocholesterolemic (NC-HDL; 75 mg/kg; n=10), hypercholesterolemic (HC-HDL; 75 mg/Kg; n=10), or vehicle (n=10) rabbits. Then, animals underwent a second magnetic resonance imaging (end plaque). Blood, aorta, and liver samples were obtained for analyses. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging revealed that NC-HDL administration regressed atherosclerotic lesions by 4.3%, whereas, conversely, the administration of HC-HDLs induced a further 6.5% progression (P<0.05 versus basal). Plaque characterization showed that HC-HDL administered animals had a 2-fold higher lipid and cholesterol content versus those infused NC-HDL and vehicle (P<0.05). No differences were observed among groups in CD31 levels, nor in infiltrated macrophages or smooth muscle cells. Plaques from HC-HDL administered animals exhibited higher Casp3 (caspase 3) content (P<0.05 versus vehicle and NC-HDL) whereas plaques from NC-HDL infused animals showed lower expression of Casp3, Cox1 (cyclooxygenase 1), inducible nitric oxide synthase, and MMP (metalloproteinase) activity (P<0.05 versus HC-HDL and vehicle). HDLs isolated from animals administered HC-HDL displayed lower antioxidant potential and cholesterol efflux capacity as compared with HDLs isolated from NC-HDL-infused animal and vehicle or donor HDL (P<0.05). There were no differences in HDL-ApoA1 content, ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) vascular expression, and SRB1 (scavenger receptor B1) and ABCA1 liver expression. CONCLUSIONS HDL particles isolated from a hypercholesterolemic milieu lose their ability to regress and stabilize atherosclerotic lesions. Our data suggest that HDL remodeling in patients with co-morbidities may lead to the loss of HDL atheroprotective functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B., L.C., N.M.-G., O.J.-B., E.P., M.A., M.G., T.P., L.B., G.V.)
- School of Medicine, University of Barcelona (UB), Spain (S.B., G.M.)
| | - Laura Casaní
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B., L.C., N.M.-G., O.J.-B., E.P., M.A., M.G., T.P., L.B., G.V.)
| | - Natàlia Muñoz-García
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B., L.C., N.M.-G., O.J.-B., E.P., M.A., M.G., T.P., L.B., G.V.)
| | - Oriol Joan-Babot
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B., L.C., N.M.-G., O.J.-B., E.P., M.A., M.G., T.P., L.B., G.V.)
| | - Esther Peña
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B., L.C., N.M.-G., O.J.-B., E.P., M.A., M.G., T.P., L.B., G.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (T.P., L.B., G.V., E.P.)
| | - Monika Aržanauskaitė
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B., L.C., N.M.-G., O.J.-B., E.P., M.A., M.G., T.P., L.B., G.V.)
| | - Manuel Gutierrez
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B., L.C., N.M.-G., O.J.-B., E.P., M.A., M.G., T.P., L.B., G.V.)
| | - Guiomar Mendieta
- School of Medicine, University of Barcelona (UB), Spain (S.B., G.M.)
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clinico Barcelona Spain (G.M.)
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B., L.C., N.M.-G., O.J.-B., E.P., M.A., M.G., T.P., L.B., G.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (T.P., L.B., G.V., E.P.)
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B., L.C., N.M.-G., O.J.-B., E.P., M.A., M.G., T.P., L.B., G.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (T.P., L.B., G.V., E.P.)
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, Universidad Autónoma Barcelona (UAB), Spain(L.B.)
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B., L.C., N.M.-G., O.J.-B., E.P., M.A., M.G., T.P., L.B., G.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (T.P., L.B., G.V., E.P.)
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26
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Tian S, Nakamura J, Hiller S, Simington S, Holley DW, Mota R, Willis MS, Bultman SJ, Luft JC, DeSimone JM, Jia Z, Maeda N, Yi X. New insights into immunomodulation via overexpressing lipoic acid synthase as a therapeutic potential to reduce atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2020; 133-134:106777. [PMID: 32750408 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a systemic chronic inflammatory disease. Many antioxidants including alpha-lipoic acid (LA), a product of lipoic acid synthase (Lias), have proven to be effective for treatment of this disease. However, the question remains whether LA regulates the immune response as a protective mechanism against atherosclerosis. We initially investigated whether enhanced endogenous antioxidant can retard the development of atherosclerosis via immunomodulation. To explore the impact of enhanced endogenous antioxidant on the retardation of atherosclerosis via immune regulation, our laboratory has recently created a double mutant mouse model, using apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe-/-) mice crossbred with mice overexpressing lipoic acid synthase gene (LiasH/H), designated as LiasH/HApoe-/- mice. Their littermates, Lias+/+Apoe-/- mice, served as a control. Distinct redox environments between the two strains of mice have been established and they can be used to facilitate identification of antioxidant targets in the immune response. At 6 months of age, LiasH/HApoe-/- mice had profoundly decreased atherosclerotic lesion size in the aortic sinus compared to their Lias+/+Apoe-/- littermates, accompanied by significantly enhanced numbers of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and anti-oxidized LDL autoantibody in the vascular system, and reduced T cell infiltrates in aortic walls. Our results represent a novel exploration into an environment with increased endogenous antioxidant and its ability to alleviate atherosclerosis, likely through regulation of the immune response. These outcomes shed light on a new therapeutic strategy using antioxidants to lessen atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomin Tian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jun Nakamura
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Biosciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Japan
| | - Sylvia Hiller
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Stephen Simington
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Darcy W Holley
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Roberto Mota
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Monte S Willis
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, and Krannert Institute of Cardiology and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Van Nuys MS 5067, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Scott J Bultman
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - J Christopher Luft
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Joseph M DeSimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA
| | - Nobuyo Maeda
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xianwen Yi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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27
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Calcification serves as a surrogate for atherosclerosis-associated vascular diseases, and coronary artery calcification is mediated by multiple pathogenic factors. Estrogen is a known factor that protects the arterial wall against atherosclerosis, but its role in the coronary artery calcification development remains largely unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that estrogen inhibits coronary artery calcification via the hypoxia-induced factor-1α pathway. METHODS Eight-week-old healthy female Sprague-Dawley rats were castrated, and vitamin D3 was administered orally to establish. Hypoxia-induced factor-1 inhibitor was administered to test its effect on vascular calcification and expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 and runt-related transcription factor-2. Vascular smooth muscle cell calcification was induced with CaCl2 in rat aortic smooth muscle cells in the presence or absence of E2(17β-estradiol) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 siRNA intervention. RESULTS The estrogen levels in ovariectomized rats were significantly decreased, as determined by ELISA. Expression of hypoxia-induced factor-1α mRNA and protein was significantly increased in vascular cells with calcification as compared to those without calcification (p < 0.01). E2 treatment decreased the calcium concentration in vascular cell calcification and cell calcium nodules in vitro (p < 0.05). E2 also lowered the levels of hypoxia-induced factor-1α mRNA and protein (p < 0.01). Oral administration of the hypoxia-induced factor-1α inhibitor dimethyloxetane in castrated rats alleviated vascular calcification and expression of osteogenesis-related transcription factors, bone morphogenetic protein 2 and RUNX2 (p < 0.01). Finally, bone morphogenetic protein 2 siRNA treatment decreased the levels of p-Smad1/5/8 in A7r5 calcification cells (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Estrogen deficiency enhances vascular calcification. Treatment with estrogen reduces the expression of hypoxia-induced factor-1α as well as vascular calcification in rats. The estrogen effects occur in a fashion dependent on hypoxia-induced factor-1α regulation of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and downstream Smad1/5/8.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2/genetics
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/genetics
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Female
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Ovariectomy
- Phosphorylation
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Smad Proteins, Receptor-Regulated/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/genetics
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
- Vascular Calcification/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Trans-plateau Cardiovascular Disease of Prevention and Treatment Research Center, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Trans-plateau Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiuyan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhangrong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Trans-plateau Cardiovascular Disease of Prevention and Treatment Research Center, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Trans-plateau Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Yong-Jian Geng
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis, McGovern School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wanting Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Quanyi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Trans-plateau Cardiovascular Disease of Prevention and Treatment Research Center, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Trans-plateau Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
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28
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Chen D, Li K, Festenstein S, Karegli J, Wilkinson H, Leonard H, Wei L, Ma N, Xia M, Tam H, Wang J, Xu Q, McVey JH, Smith RAG, Dorling A. Regression of Atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- Mice Via Modulation of Monocyte Recruitment and Phenotype, Induced by Weekly Dosing of a Novel "Cytotopic" Anti-Thrombin Without Prolonged Anticoagulation. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e014811. [PMID: 32611229 PMCID: PMC7670518 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.014811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Anticoagulants induce atherosclerosis regression in animal models but exploiting this clinically is limited by bleeding events. Here we test a novel thrombin inhibitor, PTL060, comprising hirulog covalently linked to a synthetic myristoyl electrostatic switch to tether to cell membranes. Methods and Results ApoE-/- mice were fed chow or high-fat diets, before transplantation of congenic aortic segments or injection of PTL060, parental hirulog, control saline, or labeled CD11b positive cells. Aortic transplants from transgenic mice expressing anticoagulants on endothelium did not develop atherosclerosis. A single intravenous injection of PTL060, but not hirulog inhibited atheroma development by >50% compared with controls when assessed 4 weeks later. Mice had prolonged bleeding times for only one seventh of the time that PTL060 was biologically active. Repeated weekly injections of PTL060 but not hirulog caused regression of atheroma. We dissected 2 contributory mechanisms. First, the majority of CCR2+ (C-C chemokine receptor type 2+) monocytes recruited into plaques expressed CCR7 (C-C chemokine receptor type 7), ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter - 1), and interleukin-10 in PTL060 mice, a phenotype seen in <20% of CCR2+ recruits in controls. Second, after several doses, there was a significant reduction in monocyte recruits, the majority of which were CCR2-negative with a similar regression-associated phenotype. Regression equivalent to that induced by intravenous PTL060 was induced by adoptive transfer of CD11b+ cells pre-coated with PTL060. Conclusions Covalent linkage of a myristoyl electrostatic switch onto hirulog in PTL060 uncouples the pharmacodynamic effects on hemostasis and atherosclerosis, such that plaque regression, mediated predominantly via effects on monocytes, is accompanied by only transient anticoagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxin Chen
- Department of Inflammation BiologySchool of Immunology and Microbial SciencesKing’s College London, Guy’s HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ke Li
- Core Research Laboratorythe Second Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineJiaotong UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Sam Festenstein
- Department of Inflammation BiologySchool of Immunology and Microbial SciencesKing’s College London, Guy’s HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Julieta Karegli
- Department of Inflammation BiologySchool of Immunology and Microbial SciencesKing’s College London, Guy’s HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Hannah Wilkinson
- Department of Inflammation BiologySchool of Immunology and Microbial SciencesKing’s College London, Guy’s HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Hugh Leonard
- Department of Inflammation BiologySchool of Immunology and Microbial SciencesKing’s College London, Guy’s HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Lin‐Lin Wei
- Core Research Laboratorythe Second Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineJiaotong UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Ning Ma
- Core Research Laboratorythe Second Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineJiaotong UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Min Xia
- Thrombosis Research InstituteLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Henry Tam
- Department of ImagingImperial College Healthcare NHS TrustCharing Cross HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jian‐an Wang
- Department of CardiologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Cardiovascular DivisionKing’s College LondonJames Black CentreLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - John H. McVey
- School of Bioscience & MedicineFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard A. G. Smith
- Department of Inflammation BiologySchool of Immunology and Microbial SciencesKing’s College London, Guy’s HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Anthony Dorling
- Department of Inflammation BiologySchool of Immunology and Microbial SciencesKing’s College London, Guy’s HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
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Lees JS, Mangion K, Rutherford E, Witham MD, Woodward R, Roditi G, Hopkins T, Brooksbank K, Jardine AG, Mark PB. Vitamin K for kidney transplant organ recipients: investigating vessel stiffness (ViKTORIES): study rationale and protocol of a randomised controlled trial. Open Heart 2020; 7:e001070. [PMID: 32675297 PMCID: PMC7368482 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) exhibit increased vascular stiffness and calcification; these parameters are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Activity of endogenous calcification inhibitors such as matrix gla protein (MGP) is dependent on vitamin K. RTRs commonly have subclinical vitamin K deficiency. The Vitamin K in kidney Transplant Organ Recipients: Investigating vEssel Stiffness (ViKTORIES) study assesses whether vitamin K supplementation reduces vascular stiffness and calcification in a diverse population of RTR. METHODS AND ANALYSIS ViKTORIES (ISRCTN22012044) is a single-centre, phase II, parallel-group, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the effect of vitamin K supplementation in 90 prevalent RTR. Participants are eligible if they have a functioning renal transplant for >1 year. Those on warfarin, with atrial fibrillation, estimated glomerular filtration rate <15 mL/min/1.73 m2 or contraindications to MRI are excluded. Treatment is with vitamin K (menadiol diphosphate) 5 mg three times per week for 1 year or matching placebo. All participants have primary and secondary endpoint measures at 0 and 12 months. The primary endpoint is ascending aortic distensibility on cardiac MR imaging. Secondary endpoints include vascular calcification (coronary artery calcium score by CT), cardiac structure and function on MR, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, serum uncarboxylated MGP, transplant function, proteinuria and quality of life. The study is powered to detect 1.0×10-3 mm Hg-1 improvement in ascending aortic distensibility in the vitamin K group relative to placebo at 12 months. Analyses will be conducted as between-group differences at 12 months by intention to treat. DISCUSSION This trial may identify a novel, inexpensive and low-risk treatment to improve surrogate markers of cardiovascular risk in RTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Susan Lees
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Renal Medicine, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kenneth Mangion
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Elaine Rutherford
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Miles D Witham
- AGE Research Group, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rosemary Woodward
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Giles Roditi
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tracey Hopkins
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Katriona Brooksbank
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alan G Jardine
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Patrick B Mark
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
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30
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Chen W, Eisenberg R, Mowrey WB, Wylie-Rosett J, Abramowitz MK, Bushinsky DA, Melamed ML. Association between dietary zinc intake and abdominal aortic calcification in US adults. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 35:1171-1178. [PMID: 31298287 PMCID: PMC7417001 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfz134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In animal studies, zinc supplementation inhibited phosphate-induced arterial calcification. We tested the hypothesis that higher intake of dietary zinc was associated with lower abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) among adults in the USA. We also explored the associations of AAC with supplemental zinc intake, total zinc intake and serum zinc level. METHODS We performed cross-sectional analyses of 2535 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-14. Dietary and supplemental zinc intakes were obtained from two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Total zinc intake was the sum of dietary and supplemental zinc. AAC was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in adults ≥40 years of age and quantified using the Kauppila score system. AAC scores were categorized into three groups: no AAC (AAC = 0, reference group), mild-moderate (AAC >0-≤6) and severe AAC (AAC >6). RESULTS Dietary zinc intake (mean ± SE) was 10.5 ± 0.1 mg/day; 28% had AAC (20% mild-moderate and 8% severe), 17% had diabetes mellitus and 51% had hypertension. Higher intake of dietary zinc was associated with lower odds of having severe AAC. Per 1 mg/day higher intake of dietary zinc, the odds of having severe AAC were 8% lower [adjusted odds ratio 0.92 (95% confidence interval 0.86-0.98), P = 0.01] compared with those without AAC, after adjusting for demographics, comorbidities and laboratory measurements. Supplemental zinc intake, total zinc intake and serum zinc level were not associated with AAC. CONCLUSIONS Higher intake of dietary zinc was independently associated with lower odds of having severe AAC among noninstitutionalized US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ruth Eisenberg
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Wenzhu B Mowrey
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Judith Wylie-Rosett
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Division of Health Promotion and Nutrition Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - David A Bushinsky
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Michal L Melamed
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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31
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Osaka N, Kushima H, Mori Y, Saito T, Hiromura M, Terasaki M, Yashima H, Ohara M, Fukui T, Matsui T, Hirano T, Yamagishi SI. Anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective properties of glucagon. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2020; 17:1479164120965183. [PMID: 33076703 PMCID: PMC7919216 DOI: 10.1177/1479164120965183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although glucagon has been shown to exert pleiotropic actions in various types of cells and organs through the interaction with its receptor, its pathophysiological role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains unclear. Here, we examined whether and how glucagon could attenuate the progression of atherosclerotic plaques in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoE-/-), an animal model of atherosclerosis. Glucagon (138 or 413 nmol/kg/day) or vehicle was infused to mice at 16 weeks of age. After 4-week treatment, vascular samples were collected for histological and RT-PCR analyses. Human monocytic THP-1 cells were pre-incubated with or without a glucagon receptor antagonist L-168049, and then treated with or without glucagon for 7 h. Gene and protein expressions were determined by RT-PCR and western blot analyses, respectively. High-dose glucagon infusion significantly decreased aortic plaque area and volume in ApoE-/- mice, both of which were inversely correlated with plasma glucagon levels. Glucagon infusion also reduced the ratio of pro-inflammatory interleukin-1β to anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 gene expression in aortae. Glucagon receptor was expressed in THP-1 cells, and 1 nM glucagon decreased the ratio of interleukin-1β to interleukin-10 gene expression, which was significantly prevented by L-168049. Our present findings suggest that glucagon could exert atheroprotection partly via its anti-inflammatory property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Osaka
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Kushima
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusaku Mori
- Anti-glycation Research Section, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
- Yusaku Mori, Anti-glycation Research Section, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Saito
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munenori Hiromura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michishige Terasaki
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Yashima
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohara
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Fukui
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hirano
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
- Diabetes Center, Ebina General Hospital, Ebina, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sho-ichi Yamagishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
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Ye M, Zhang J, Li J, Liu Y, He W, Lin H, Fan R, Li C, Li W, Liu D, Yao F. Diabetes attenuated age-related aortic root dilatation in end-stage renal disease patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. J Diabetes Investig 2019; 10:1550-1557. [PMID: 30943331 PMCID: PMC6825943 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Recently, some data have supported the concept that diabetes is negatively associated with aortic aneurysm. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between diabetes and cardiac structural and functional characteristics, in particular, aortic root dimensions, in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. METHODS ESRD patients receiving peritoneal dialysis for >3 months were consecutively enrolled. Clinical features and echocardiographic parameters were analyzed according to the presence of diabetes history. Correlation analyses were carried out for diabetes mellitus and aortic root dilatation. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify variables correlated with aortic root dilatation. RESULTS A total of 218 ESRD patients receiving peritoneal dialysis were enrolled. Patients with diabetes showed lower left ventricular internal measurements in end-diastole, left ventricular internal measurements in end-systole and aortic root diameter (ARD)/body surface area (BSA). Worse cardiac diastolic function was also observed in these patients. In addition, the age-related increase of ARD/BSA and ARD/height was attenuated in patients with diabetes. With the increase of ARD/BSA, lower levels of serum creatinine, phosphorus and serum glucose, as well as higher serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-1 were also observed. Increased normalized left ventricular internal measurements were shown in patients with greater ARD/BSA. Multiple regression analysis showed that diabetes (odds ratio 0.353, P = 0.015) was an independent correlate of aortic root dilatation, even after correction for age, sex and other clinical confounders in the enrolled patients. CONCLUSIONS The present findings shown an inverse association between diabetes and age-related aortic root dilatation in ESRD patients. Diabetes remained to be independently correlated with aortic root dilatation even after adjustment for age, sex and other clinical confounders in ESRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ye
- Department of UltrasoundInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of UltrasoundInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of NephrologyMinistry of Health and Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
| | - Yanqiu Liu
- Department of UltrasoundInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei He
- Department of UltrasoundInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of UltrasoundInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Rui Fan
- Department of UltrasoundInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Cuiling Li
- Department of UltrasoundInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei Li
- Department of UltrasoundInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Donghong Liu
- Department of UltrasoundInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Fengjuan Yao
- Department of UltrasoundInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Song L, Zigmond ZM, Martinez L, Lassance-Soares RM, Macias AE, Velazquez OC, Liu ZJ, Salama A, Webster KA, Vazquez-Padron RI. c-Kit suppresses atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H867-H876. [PMID: 31441677 PMCID: PMC6843012 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00062.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the most common underlying cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. c-Kit (CD117) is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, which regulates differentiation, proliferation, and survival of multiple cell types. Recent studies have shown that c-Kit and its ligand stem cell factor (SCF) are present in arterial endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The role of c-Kit in cardiovascular disease remains unclear. The aim of the current study is to determine the role of c-Kit in atherogenesis. For this purpose, atherosclerotic plaques were quantified in c-Kit-deficient mice (KitMut) after they were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 wk. KitMut mice demonstrated substantially greater atherosclerosis compared with control (KitWT) littermates (P < 0.01). Transplantation of c-Kit-positive bone marrow cells into KitMut mice failed to rescue the atherogenic phenotype, an indication that increased atherosclerosis was associated with reduced arterial c-Kit. To investigate the mechanism, SMC organization and morphology were analyzed in the aorta by histopathology and electron microscopy. SMCs were more abundant, disorganized, and vacuolated in aortas of c-Kit mutant mice compared with controls (P < 0.05). Markers of the "contractile" SMC phenotype (calponin, SM22α) were downregulated with pharmacological and genetic c-Kit inhibition (P < 0.05). The absence of c-Kit increased lipid accumulation and significantly reduced the expression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) necessary for lipid efflux in SMCs. Reconstitution of c-Kit in cultured KitMut SMCs resulted in increased spindle-shaped morphology, reduced proliferation, and elevated levels of contractile markers, all indicators of their restored contractile phenotype (P < 0.05).NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study describes the novel vasculoprotective role of c-Kit against atherosclerosis and its function in the preservation of the SMC contractile phenotype.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/metabolism
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/ultrastructure
- Aortic Diseases/etiology
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/etiology
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Foam Cells/metabolism
- Foam Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Hyperlipidemias/complications
- Hyperlipidemias/metabolism
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/ultrastructure
- Mutation
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/ultrastructure
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Calponins
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Song
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zachary M Zigmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Laisel Martinez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Alejandro E Macias
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Omaida C Velazquez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zhao-Jun Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Alghidak Salama
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Roberto I Vazquez-Padron
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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34
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Kim S, Graham MJ, Lee RG, Yang L, Kim S, Subramanian V, Layne JD, Cai L, Temel RE, Shih D, Lusis AJ, Berliner JA, Lee S. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) antisense oligonucleotide protected against hyperlipidemia-associated atherosclerosis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:306-315. [PMID: 30738642 PMCID: PMC6452438 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a representative EGF family member that interacts with EGFR under diverse stress environment. Previously, we reported that the HB-EGF-targeting using antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) effectively suppressed an aortic aneurysm in the vessel wall and circulatory lipid levels. In this study, we further examined the effects of the HB-EGF ASO administration on the development of hyperlipidemia-associated atherosclerosis using an atherogenic mouse model. METHODS AND RESULTS The male and female LDLR deficient mice under Western diet containing 21% fat and 0.2% cholesterol content were cotreated with control and HB-EGF ASOs for 12 weeks. We observed that the HB-EGF ASO administration effectively downregulated circulatory VLDL- and LDL-associated lipid levels in circulation; concordantly, the HB-EGF targeting effectively suppressed the development of atherosclerosis in the aorta. An EGFR blocker BIBX1382 administration suppressed the hepatic TG secretion rate, suggesting a positive role of the HB-EGF signaling for the hepatic VLDL production. We newly observed that there was a significant improvement of the insulin sensitivity by the HB-EGF ASO administration in a mouse model under the Western diet as demonstrated by the improvement of the glucose and insulin tolerances. CONCLUSION The HB-EGF ASO administration effectively downregulated circulatory lipid levels by suppressing hepatic VLDL production rate, which leads to effective protection against atherosclerosis in the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - M J Graham
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - R G Lee
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - L Yang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - S Kim
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - V Subramanian
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - J D Layne
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - L Cai
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - R E Temel
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - D Shih
- Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - A J Lusis
- Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - J A Berliner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - S Lee
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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35
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Romain C, Piemontese A, Battista S, Bernini F, Ossoli A, Strazzella A, Gaillet S, Rouanet JM, Cases J, Zanotti I. Anti-Atherosclerotic Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Ingredient, Oleactiv ®, in a Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Golden Syrian Hamster Model. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1511. [PMID: 30326655 PMCID: PMC6213376 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of nutraceutical ingredients has risen as a nutritional solution for health prevention. This study evaluated the effects of Oleactiv®, an ingredient developed for the prevention of atherogenesis, in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Oleactiv® is a polyphenol-rich ingredient obtained from artichoke, olive and grape extracts as part of fruit and vegetables commonly consumed within the Mediterranean diet. A total of 21 Golden Syrian hamsters were divided into three groups. The standard group (STD) was fed a normolipidemic diet for 12 weeks, while the control group (CTRL) and Oleactiv® goup (OLE) were fed a high-fat diet. After sacrifice, the aortic fatty streak area (AFSA), plasmatic total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C), non-HDL-C and triglycerides (TG), were assessed. The cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of hamster plasma was quantified using a radiolabeled technique in murine macrophages J774. OLE administration induced a significant reduction of AFSA (-69%, p < 0.0001). Hamsters of the OLE group showed a significant decrease of both non-HDL-C (-173 mmol/L, p < 0.05) and TG (-154 mmol/L, p < 0.05). Interestingly, OLE induced a significant increase of total CEC (+17,33%, p < 0,05). Oleactiv® supplementation prevented atheroma development and had positive effects on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic hamsters. The increased CEC underlines the anti-atherosclerotic mechanism at the root of the atheroma reduction observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Romain
- Fytexia SAS, Innovation and Scientific Affairs, 34350 Vendres, France.
| | - Antonio Piemontese
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Simone Battista
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Franco Bernini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Alice Ossoli
- Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Arianna Strazzella
- Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Sylvie Gaillet
- Nutrition & Métabolisme, UMR 204 NUTRIPASS, Prévention des Malnutritions & des Pathologies Associées, Université Montpellier Sud de France, 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Jean-Max Rouanet
- Nutrition & Métabolisme, UMR 204 NUTRIPASS, Prévention des Malnutritions & des Pathologies Associées, Université Montpellier Sud de France, 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Julien Cases
- Fytexia SAS, Innovation and Scientific Affairs, 34350 Vendres, France.
| | - Ilaria Zanotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
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Lindskog Jonsson A, Caesar R, Akrami R, Reinhardt C, Fåk Hållenius F, Borén J, Bäckhed F. Impact of Gut Microbiota and Diet on the Development of Atherosclerosis in Apoe -/- Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:2318-2326. [PMID: 29903735 PMCID: PMC6166703 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective- To investigate the effect of gut microbiota and diet on atherogenesis. Approach and Results- Here, we investigated the interaction between the gut microbiota and diet on atherosclerosis by feeding germ-free or conventionally raised Apoe-/- mice chow or Western diet alone or supplemented with choline (which is metabolized by the gut microbiota and host enzymes to trimethylamine N-oxide) for 12 weeks. We observed smaller aortic lesions and lower plasma cholesterol levels in conventionally raised mice compared with germ-free mice on a chow diet; these differences were not observed in mice on a Western diet. Choline supplementation increased plasma trimethylamine N-oxide levels in conventionally raised mice but not in germ-free mice. However, this treatment did not affect the size of aortic lesions or plasma cholesterol levels. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. As expected, the global community structure and relative abundance of many taxa differed between mice fed chow or a Western diet. Choline supplementation had minor effects on the community structure although the relative abundance of some taxa belonging to Clostridiales was altered. Conclusions- In conclusion, the impact of the gut microbiota on atherosclerosis is dietary dependent and is associated with plasma cholesterol levels. Furthermore, the microbiota was required for trimethylamine N-oxide production from dietary choline, but this process could not be linked to increased atherosclerosis in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Lindskog Jonsson
- From the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (A.L.J., R.C., R.A., C.R., F.F.H., J.B., F.B.)
| | - Robert Caesar
- From the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (A.L.J., R.C., R.A., C.R., F.F.H., J.B., F.B.)
| | - Rozita Akrami
- From the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (A.L.J., R.C., R.A., C.R., F.F.H., J.B., F.B.)
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- From the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (A.L.J., R.C., R.A., C.R., F.F.H., J.B., F.B.)
| | - Frida Fåk Hållenius
- From the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (A.L.J., R.C., R.A., C.R., F.F.H., J.B., F.B.)
| | - Jan Borén
- From the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (A.L.J., R.C., R.A., C.R., F.F.H., J.B., F.B.)
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- From the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (A.L.J., R.C., R.A., C.R., F.F.H., J.B., F.B.)
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (F.B.)
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Kimura T, Kobiyama K, Winkels H, Tse K, Miller J, Vassallo M, Wolf D, Ryden C, Orecchioni M, Dileepan T, Jenkins MK, James EA, Kwok WW, Hanna DB, Kaplan RC, Strickler HD, Durkin HG, Kassaye SG, Karim R, Tien PC, Landay AL, Gange SJ, Sidney J, Sette A, Biol.Sci., Ley K. Regulatory CD4 + T Cells Recognize Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Molecule-Restricted Peptide Epitopes of Apolipoprotein B. Circulation 2018; 138:1130-1143. [PMID: 29588316 PMCID: PMC6160361 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.031420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD4+ T cells play an important role in atherosclerosis, but their antigen specificity is poorly understood. Immunization with apolipoprotein B (ApoB, core protein of low density lipoprotein) is known to be atheroprotective in animal models. Here, we report on a human APOB peptide, p18, that is sequence-identical in mouse ApoB and binds to both mouse and human major histocompatibility complex class II molecules. METHODS We constructed p18 tetramers to detect human and mouse APOB-specific T cells and assayed their phenotype by flow cytometry including CD4 lineage transcription factors, intracellular cytokines, and T cell receptor activation. Apolipoprotein E-deficient ( Apoe-/-) mice were vaccinated with p18 peptide or adjuvants alone, and atherosclerotic burden in the aorta was determined. RESULTS In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from donors without cardiovascular disease, p18 specific CD4+ T cells detected by a new human leukocyte antigen-antigen D related-p18 tetramers were mostly Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Donors with subclinical cardiovascular disease as detected by carotid artery ultrasound had Tregs coexpressing retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma t or T-bet, which were both almost absent in donors without cardiovascular disease. In Apoe-/- mice, immunization with p18 induced Tregs and reduced atherosclerotic lesions. After peptide restimulation, responding CD4+ T cells identified by Nur77-GFP (green fluorescent protein) were highly enriched in Tregs. A new mouse I-Ab-p18 tetramer identified the expansion of p18-specific CD4+ T cells on vaccination, which were enriched for interleukin-10-producing Tregs. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that APOB p18-specific CD4+ T cells are mainly Tregs in healthy donors, but coexpress other CD4 lineage transcription factors in donors with subclinical cardiovascular disease. This study identifies ApoB peptide 18 as the first Treg epitope in human and mouse atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kimura
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kouji Kobiyama
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Holger Winkels
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kevin Tse
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jacqueline Miller
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Melanie Vassallo
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Christian Ryden
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Marco Orecchioni
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Marc K. Jenkins
- Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Eddie A. James
- Tetramer Core Laboratory, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - William W. Kwok
- Tetramer Core Laboratory, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - David B. Hanna
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Howard D. Strickler
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Helen G. Durkin
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Seble G. Kassaye
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Roksana Karim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Phyllis C. Tien
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alan L. Landay
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen J. Gange
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John Sidney
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Biol.Sci.
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Klaus Ley
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Phie J, Moxon JV, Krishna SM, Kinobe R, Morton SK, Golledge J. A diet enriched with tree nuts reduces severity of atherosclerosis but not abdominal aneurysm in angiotensin II-infused apolipoprotein E deficient mice. Atherosclerosis 2018; 277:28-33. [PMID: 30170221 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diets enriched with tree nuts have been demonstrated to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular events. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) shares common risk factors with atherosclerosis and AAA patients commonly have atherosclerosis related cardiovascular events. AAA has some distinct pathological and clinical characteristics to those of atherosclerosis. No previous study has examined the effect of a diet enriched with tree nuts on experimental or clinical AAA. This study investigated the effect of a diet enriched with tree nuts on the development and severity of AAA within an experimental rodent model. METHODS Male apolipoprotein E deficient mice were allocated to a diet enriched with tree nuts or control diet for 56 days (n = 17 per group). After 28 days, all mice were infused with angiotensin II whilst being maintained on their respective diets. The primary outcome was AAA severity assessed by the supra-renal aortic diameter, measured by ultrasound and ex vivo morphometric analysis. The severity of atherosclerosis was assessed by computer-aided analysis of Sudan IV stained aortic arches and sections of brachiocephalic arteries prepared with Van Gieson's stain. RESULTS The diet enriched with tree nuts did not influence aortic diameter or aortic rupture incidence. Mice receiving the diet enriched with tree nuts had significantly less atherosclerosis within the brachiocephalic artery (p = 0.033) but not in the aortic arch. CONCLUSIONS This experimental study suggests that a diet enriched with tree nuts does not reduce the severity of AAA, but does reduce the severity of atherosclerosis within the brachiocephalic artery. The study was not powered to identify a moderate effect of the diet on the primary outcome and therefore this cannot be excluded.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II
- Animal Feed
- Animals
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Brachiocephalic Trunk/metabolism
- Brachiocephalic Trunk/pathology
- Dilatation, Pathologic
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage
- Male
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Nutritive Value
- Nuts
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Polyphenols/administration & dosage
- Severity of Illness Index
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- James Phie
- The Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joseph V Moxon
- The Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Smriti M Krishna
- The Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert Kinobe
- College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susan K Morton
- The Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- The Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
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Alfaidi MA, Chamberlain J, Rothman A, Crossman D, Villa-Uriol MC, Hadoke P, Wu J, Schenkel T, Evans PC, Francis SE. Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL-1-Mediated Mechanism. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e008757. [PMID: 29960988 PMCID: PMC6064924 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.008757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a complex condition and a common cardiovascular risk factor. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) modulates atherosclerosis and hypertension, possibly via an inflammatory mechanism. IL-1 (interleukin 1) has an established role in atherosclerosis and inflammation, although whether IL-1 inhibition modulates blood pressure is unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Male apoE-/- (apolipoprotein E-null) mice were fed either a high fat diet or a high fat diet plus DHA (300 mg/kg per day) for 12 weeks. Blood pressure and cardiac function were assessed, and effects of DHA on wall shear stress and atherosclerosis were determined. DHA supplementation improved left ventricular function, reduced wall shear stress and oscillatory shear at ostia in the descending aorta, and significantly lowered blood pressure compared with controls (119.5±7 versus 159.7±3 mm Hg, P<0.001, n=4 per group). Analysis of atheroma following DHA feeding in mice demonstrated a 4-fold reduction in lesion burden in distal aortas and in brachiocephalic arteries (P<0.001, n=12 per group). In addition, DHA treatment selectively decreased plaque endothelial IL-1β (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that raised blood pressure can be reduced by inhibiting IL-1 indirectly by administration of DHA in the diet through a mechanism that involves a reduction in wall shear stress and local expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabruka A Alfaidi
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Janet Chamberlain
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Rothman
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Maria-Cruz Villa-Uriol
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine & Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Hadoke
- BHF Centre of Excellence, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Junxi Wu
- BHF Centre of Excellence, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Torsten Schenkel
- Department of Engineering and Mathematics, Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Paul C Evans
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila E Francis
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Mursawa H, Hatakeyama S, Yamamoto H, Tanaka Y, Soma O, Matsumoto T, Yoneyama T, Hashimoto Y, Koie T, Fujita T, Murakami R, Saitoh H, Suzuki T, Narumi S, Ohyama C. Slow Progression of Aortic Calcification Is a Potential Benefit of Pre-emptive Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:145-149. [PMID: 29407299 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pre-emptive kidney transplantation (PKT) is expected to improve graft and cardiovascular event-free survival compared with standard kidney transplantation. Aortic calcification is reported to be closely associated with renal dysfunction and cardiovascular events; however, its implication in PKT recipients remains incompletely explored. This aim of this study was to evaluate whether PKT confers a protective effect on aortic calcification, renal function, graft survival, and cardiovascular event-free survival. METHODS One hundred adult patients who underwent renal transplantation between January 1996 and March 2016 at Hirosaki University Hospital and Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute were included. Among them, 19 underwent PKT and 81 patients underwent pretransplant dialysis. We retrospectively compared pretransplant and post-transplant aortic calcification index (ACI), renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]), and graft and cardiovascular event-free survivals between the 2 groups. RESULTS The median age of this cohort was 45 years. Preoperative ACI was significantly lower in PKT recipients. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding postoperative eGFR, graft survival, and cardiovascular event-free survival. However, the ACI progression rate (ΔACI/y) was significantly lower in PKT recipients than in those who underwent pretransplant dialysis. Higher ACI was significantly associated with poor cardiovascular event-free survival. CONCLUSIONS PKT is beneficial in that it contributes to the slow progression of after transplantation. Although we could not observe significant differences in graft and cardiovascular event-free survivals between the 2 groups, slow progression of aortic calcification showed a potential to decrease cardiovascular events in PKT recipients during long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mursawa
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - S Hatakeyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
| | - H Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - O Soma
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - T Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - T Yoneyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Y Hashimoto
- Department of Advanced Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - T Koie
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - T Fujita
- Departments of Cardiology, Respiratory Medicine, and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - R Murakami
- Departments of Cardiology, Respiratory Medicine, and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - H Saitoh
- Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - T Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - S Narumi
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - C Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan; Department of Advanced Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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Chen J, Cao Z, Guan J. SHP2 inhibitor PHPS1 protects against atherosclerosis by inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:72. [PMID: 29703160 PMCID: PMC5923012 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0816-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smooth muscle cells play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. SHP2 is known to regulate the proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the SHP2 inhibitor PHPS1 has a pro-atherosclerotic or an atheroprotective effect in vivo and in vitro. METHODS After exposure to a high-cholesterol diet for 4 weeks, LDL receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice were exposed to the SHP2 inhibitor PHPS1 or vehicle. Body weight, serum glucose and lipid levels were determined. The size and composition of atherosclerotic plaques were measured by en face analysis, Movat staining and immunohistochemistry. The phosphorylation of SHP2 and related signaling molecules was analyzed by Western blot. Mechanistic analyses were performed in oxLDL-stimulated cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with or without 10 mM PHPS1 pretreatment. Protein phosphorylation levels were detected by Western blot, and VSMC proliferation was assessed by BrdU staining. RESULTS PHPS1 decreased the number of atherosclerotic plaques without significantly affecting body weight, serum glucose levels or lipid metabolism. Plaque composition analysis showed a significant decrease in the number of VSMCs in atherosclerotic lesions of Ldlr-/- mice treated with PHPS1. Stimulation with oxLDL induced a dose-dependent increase in the number of VSMCs and in SHP2 and ERK phosphorylation levels, and these effects were blocked by PHPS1. CONCLUSION The SHP2 inhibitor PHPS1 exerts a protective effect against atherosclerosis by reducing VSMC proliferation via SHP2/ERK pathway activation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/enzymology
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/enzymology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/enzymology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Benzenesulfonates/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Diet, High-Fat
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Hydrazones/pharmacology
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Phosphorylation
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11/metabolism
- Receptors, LDL/deficiency
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Friendship Road 181, Baoshan District, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Navy 411 Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingshu Guan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Friendship Road 181, Baoshan District, Shanghai, China
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Shirai R, Sato K, Yamashita T, Yamaguchi M, Okano T, Watanabe-Kominato K, Watanabe R, Matsuyama TA, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Koba S, Kobayashi Y, Hirano T, Watanabe T. Neopterin Counters Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e007359. [PMID: 29420219 PMCID: PMC5850243 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neopterin, a metabolite of GTP, is produced by activated macrophages and is abundantly expressed within atherosclerotic lesions in human aorta and carotid and coronary arteries. We aimed to clarify the influence of neopterin on both vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, as neither effect had been fully assessed. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated neopterin expression in coronary artery lesions and plasma from patients with coronary artery disease. We assessed the atheroprotective effects of neopterin in vitro using human aortic endothelial cells, human monocyte-derived macrophages, and human aortic smooth muscle cells. In vivo experiments included a study of aortic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Neopterin expression in coronary artery lesions and plasma was markedly increased in patients with versus without coronary artery disease. In human aortic endothelial cells, neopterin reduced proliferation and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α)-induced upregulation of MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein 1), ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1), and VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1). Neopterin attenuated TNF-α-induced monocyte adhesion to human aortic endothelial cells and the inflammatory macrophage phenotype via NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) downregulation. Neopterin suppressed oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation associated with CD36 downregulation and upregulation of ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 and G1 in human monocyte-derived macrophages. In human aortic smooth muscle cells, neopterin suppressed angiotensin II-induced migration and proliferation via c-Src/Raf-1/ERK1/2 downregulation without inducing apoptosis. Exogenous neopterin administration and endogenous neopterin attenuation with its neutralizing antibody for 4 weeks retarded and promoted, respectively, the development of aortic atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that neopterin prevents both vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis and may be induced to counteract the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Consequently, neopterin could be of use as a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Coculture Techniques
- Coronary Artery Disease/metabolism
- Coronary Artery Disease/pathology
- Coronary Artery Disease/prevention & control
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Female
- Foam Cells/metabolism
- Foam Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Middle Aged
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neopterin/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Signal Transduction
- THP-1 Cells
- Vasculitis/metabolism
- Vasculitis/pathology
- Vasculitis/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Remina Shirai
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kengo Sato
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yamashita
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maho Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Okano
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaho Watanabe-Kominato
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rena Watanabe
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Matsuyama
- Department of Pathology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youichi Kobayashi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hirano
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Watanabe
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Thompson JC, Wilson PG, Shridas P, Ji A, de Beer M, de Beer FC, Webb NR, Tannock LR. Serum amyloid A3 is pro-atherogenic. Atherosclerosis 2018; 268:32-35. [PMID: 29175652 PMCID: PMC5839639 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Serum amyloid A (SAA) predicts cardiovascular events. Overexpression of SAA increases atherosclerosis development; however, deficiency of two of the murine acute phase isoforms, SAA1.1 and SAA2.1, has no effect on atherosclerosis. SAA3 is a pseudogene in humans, but is an expressed acute phase isoform in mice. The goal of this study was to determine if SAA3 affects atherosclerosis in mice. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were used as the model for all studies. SAA3 was overexpressed by an adeno-associated virus or suppressed using an anti-sense oligonucleotide approach. RESULTS Over-expression of SAA3 led to a 4-fold increase in atherosclerosis lesion area compared to control mice (p = 0.01). Suppression of SAA3 decreased atherosclerosis in mice genetically deficient in SAA1.1 and SAA2.1 (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS SAA3 augments atherosclerosis in mice. Our results resolve a previous paradox in the literature and support extensive epidemiological data that SAA is pro-atherogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel C Thompson
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Lexington, KY 40502, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Patricia G Wilson
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Lexington, KY 40502, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Preetha Shridas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Ailing Ji
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Lexington, KY 40502, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Maria de Beer
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Frederick C de Beer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Nancy R Webb
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Lexington, KY 40502, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Lisa R Tannock
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Lexington, KY 40502, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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44
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Zhou W, Ye SD, Chen C, Wang W. Involvement of RBP4 in Diabetic Atherosclerosis and the Role of Vitamin D Intervention. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:7329861. [PMID: 30186876 PMCID: PMC6116469 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7329861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to evaluate the expression of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) in diabetic rats with atherosclerosis and to investigate the role of vitamin D intervention. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, including the control group (NC), the diabetic rats (DM1), the untreated diabetic atherosclerosis rats (DM2), and the vitamin D-treated diabetic atherosclerosis rats (DM3). The levels of serum and adipose RBP4, fasting insulin (FINS), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], C-reactive protein (CRP), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment β-cell function index (HOMA-β), and atherogenic indexes (AI) were calculated. Compared with group NC, the levels of RBP4, TG, LDL-c, FPG, FINS, CRP, AI1, AI2, SBP, and HOMA-IR increased, while the levels of HDL-c, 25(OH)D, and HOMA-β decreased in groups DM1 and DM2. After 8 weeks of vitamin D supplementation in group DM3, the levels of 25(OH)D and HOMA-β increased and the levels of LDL-c, TC, HOMA-IR, FINS, CRP, RBP4, AI1, AI2, and SBP decreased significantly when compared with group DM2 (P < 0.05); Pearson analysis showed that serum RBP4 was positively correlated with TG, FINS, HOMA-IR, SBP, CRP, and AI and negatively correlated with 25(OH)D. In addition, multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that serum RBP4, SBP, and HDL-c were predictors for the presence of diabetic atherosclerosis. These findings suggested that RBP4 could involve in the improvement of diabetic atherosclerosis; vitamin D had the ability to decrease the level of RBP4 and eventually played an important role in preventing atherosclerosis in diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/blood
- Aortic Diseases/etiology
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/blood
- Atherosclerosis/etiology
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Biomarkers/blood
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetic Angiopathies/blood
- Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/prevention & control
- Diet, High-Fat
- Insulin/blood
- Insulin Resistance
- Lipids/blood
- Male
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Rats, Wistar
- Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma/metabolism
- Vitamin D/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Shan-Dong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
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45
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Christodoulou E, Kadoglou NPE, Stasinopoulou M, Konstandi OA, Kenoutis C, Kakazanis ZI, Rizakou A, Kostomitsopoulos N, Valsami G. Crocus sativus L. aqueous extract reduces atherogenesis, increases atherosclerotic plaque stability and improves glucose control in diabetic atherosclerotic animals. Atherosclerosis 2017; 268:207-214. [PMID: 29128090 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We aimed to evaluate a possible atheroprotective effect of saffron aqueous extract (SFE), and its potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms, in apoE knockout (ApoE-/-) mice. METHODS Fifty male, ApoE-/- mice, fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, were randomized into 5 groups: (1) baseline group, euthanatized, without intervention, (2) three saffron groups, receiving HFD and 30,60,90 mg/kg/day of SFE, respectively, for four weeks, per os through gavage, after reconstitution in water for injection (WFI), (3) control group (COG), receiving daily HFD and the same volume of WFI (four weeks). After blood sampling and euthanasia, aortic roots were excised and analyzed for gene expression and/or percentage of aortic stenosis, relative content of macrophages, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), connective tissue, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), matrix metalloproteinases-2,-3,-9 (MMP-2,-3,-9) and their inhibitor (TIMP-2) and IL-6. SFE doses were determined by a pilot serum pharmacokinetic study in C57BL/6J wild-type mice. RESULTS SFE did not affect body weight and total cholesterol levels (p > 0.05), while high SFE dose significantly ameliorated glucose and triglycerides profiles compared to other groups (p < 0.05). SFE considerably decreased aortic stenosis in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Furthermore, increasing SFE doses proportionally reduced macrophages content and increased within plaques content of collagen, elastin, and SMCs, promoting more stable plaque phenotype compared to COG (p < 0.05). Those effects seemed to be associated with a considerable reduction (>30%) in IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, MMP-2,-3,-9 (p < 0.05) and MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio. CONCLUSIONS SFE exerted dose-dependent anti-atherosclerotic and plaque-stabilizing effects in Apo-E-/- mice, probably mediated by a favorable modification of inflammatory mechanisms, which requires further investigation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/blood
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/blood
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Biomarkers/blood
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/etiology
- Diet, High-Fat
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Hypoglycemic Agents/isolation & purification
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Male
- Mannose-Binding Lectins/chemistry
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/pharmacokinetics
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plant Lectins/chemistry
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Rupture, Spontaneous
- Triglycerides/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- Ei Christodoulou
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics-Pharmacokinetics, Athens, Greece
| | | | - M Stasinopoulou
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Centre of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Athens, Greece
| | - O A Konstandi
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Sciences, Department of Biology, Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Athens, Greece
| | - C Kenoutis
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Sciences, Department of Biology, Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Athens, Greece
| | - Z I Kakazanis
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Centre of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Athens, Greece
| | - A Rizakou
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics-Pharmacokinetics, Athens, Greece
| | - N Kostomitsopoulos
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Centre of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Athens, Greece
| | - G Valsami
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics-Pharmacokinetics, Athens, Greece.
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46
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Habitual aerobic exercise is associated with lower aortic stiffness, as measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CFPWV), in middle-aged/older adults without hypertension, but beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on CFPWV in hypertension remain contraversial. Therefore, the focus of this review is to discuss the evidence for and against the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on aortic stiffness in middle-aged and older adults with hypertension, possible limitations in these studies, and highlight novel directions for future research. RECENT FINDINGS Most randomized controlled intervention studies demonstrate that short-term aerobic exercise results in no reductions in CFPWV in middle-aged and/or older adults with treated or treatment-naïve hypertension. Higher aerobic fitness is not associated with lower aortic stiffness among older adults with treated hypertension. Aortic stiffness appears to be resistant to clinically relevant improvements in response to habitual aerobic exercise in the presence of hypertension among middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary L Pierce
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, 225 S. Grand Ave, 412 FH, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- UI Healthcare Center for Hypertension Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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47
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Wang J, Xu P, Xie X, Li J, Zhang J, Wang J, Hong F, Li J, Zhang Y, Song Y, Zheng X, Zhai Y. DBZ (Danshensu Bingpian Zhi), a Novel Natural Compound Derivative, Attenuates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e006297. [PMID: 28971954 PMCID: PMC5721843 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DBZ (Danshensu Bingpian Zhi), a synthetic derivative of a natural compound found in traditional Chinese medicine, has been reported to suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage activation and lipid accumulation in vitro. The aim of this study was to assess whether DBZ could attenuate atherosclerosis at early and advanced stages. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of DBZ on the development of atherosclerosis were studied using apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice. For early treatment, 5-week-old apoE-/- mice were fed a Western diet and treated daily by oral gavage with or without DBZ or atorvastatin for 10 weeks. For advanced treatment, 5-week-old apoE-/- mice were fed a Western diet for 10 weeks to induce atherosclerosis, and then they were randomly divided into 4 groups and subjected to the treatment of vehicle, 20 mg/kg per day DBZ, 40 mg/kg per day DBZ, or 10 mg/kg per day atorvastatin for the subsequent 10 weeks. We showed that early treatment of apoE-/- mice with DBZ markedly reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation by inhibiting inflammation and decreasing macrophage infiltration into the vessel wall. Treatment with DBZ also attenuated the progression of preestablished diet-induced atherosclerotic plaques in apoE-/- mice. In addition, we showed that DBZ may affect LXR (liver X receptor) function and that treatment of macrophages with DBZ suppressed lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cell migration and oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation. CONCLUSIONS DBZ potentially has antiatherosclerotic effects that involve the inhibition of inflammation, macrophage migration, leukocyte adhesion, and foam cell formation. These results suggest that DBZ may be used as a therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinni Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- State key laboratory of environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Department of Biology Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou, China
- State key laboratory of environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Hong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry and College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Song
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China and College of Life Sciences Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yonggong Zhai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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48
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Ceneri N, Zhao L, Young BD, Healy A, Coskun S, Vasavada H, Yarovinsky TO, Ike K, Pardi R, Qin L, Qin L, Tellides G, Hirschi K, Meadows J, Soufer R, Chun HJ, Sadeghi MM, Bender JR, Morrison AR. Rac2 Modulates Atherosclerotic Calcification by Regulating Macrophage Interleukin-1β Production. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:328-340. [PMID: 27834690 PMCID: PMC5269510 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The calcium composition of atherosclerotic plaque is thought to be associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events, but whether plaque calcium itself is predictive of worsening clinical outcomes remains highly controversial. Inflammation is likely a key mediator of vascular calcification, but immune signaling mechanisms that promote this process are minimally understood. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here, we identify Rac2 as a major inflammatory regulator of signaling that directs plaque osteogenesis. In experimental atherogenesis, Rac2 prevented progressive calcification through its suppression of Rac1-dependent macrophage interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expression, which in turn is a key driver of vascular smooth muscle cell calcium deposition by its ability to promote osteogenic transcriptional programs. Calcified coronary arteries from patients revealed decreased Rac2 expression but increased IL-1β expression, and high coronary calcium burden in patients with coronary artery disease was associated with significantly increased serum IL-1β levels. Moreover, we found that elevated IL-1β was an independent predictor of cardiovascular death in those subjects with high coronary calcium burden. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these studies identify a novel Rac2-mediated regulation of macrophage IL-1β expression, which has the potential to serve as a powerful biomarker and therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/enzymology
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/enzymology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/enzymology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Cells, Cultured
- Coronary Artery Disease/enzymology
- Coronary Artery Disease/mortality
- Coronary Artery Disease/pathology
- Coronary Vessels/enzymology
- Coronary Vessels/pathology
- Female
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein/pharmacology
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Macrophages/enzymology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neuropeptides/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Prognosis
- Signal Transduction
- Transfection
- Up-Regulation
- Vascular Calcification/enzymology
- Vascular Calcification/mortality
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
- rac GTP-Binding Proteins/deficiency
- rac GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
- rac GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
- RAC2 GTP-Binding Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle Ceneri
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Lina Zhao
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Bryan D Young
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Abigail Healy
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Suleyman Coskun
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Hema Vasavada
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Timur O Yarovinsky
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Kenneth Ike
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Ruggero Pardi
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Lingfen Qin
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Li Qin
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - George Tellides
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Karen Hirschi
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Judith Meadows
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Robert Soufer
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Hyung J Chun
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Mehran M Sadeghi
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Jeffrey R Bender
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.)
| | - Alan R Morrison
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (N.C., L.Z., A.H., L.Q., G.T., J.M., R.S., M.M.S., A.R.M.); Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Providence VA Medical Center, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (N.C., L.Z., B.D.Y., A.H., S.C., H.V., T.O.Y., K.I., L.Q., L.Q., G.T., K.H., J.M., R.S., H.J.C., M.M.S., J.R.B, A.R.M.); Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI (A.H., A.R.M.); and Department of Molecular Pathology, Universita Vita Salute School of Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (R.P.).
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Fu WJ, Lei T, Yin Z, Pan JH, Chai YS, Xu XY, Yan YX, Wang ZH, Ke J, Wu G, Xu RH, Paranjpe M, Qu L, Nie H. Anti-atherosclerosis and cardio-protective effects of the Angong Niuhuang Pill on a high fat and vitamin D3 induced rodent model of atherosclerosis. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 195:118-126. [PMID: 27880884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Angong Niuhuang Pill (ANP) is a well known Chinese traditional therapeutic for the treatment for diseases affecting the Central Nervous System (CNS). Components of the ANP formulation, including Bovis Calculus Sativus, Pulvis Bubali Comus Concentratus, Moschus, Margarita, Cinnabaris, Realgar, Coptidis Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Gardeniae Fructus, Curcumae Radix, and Bomeolum Syntheticum, have been used for the treatment of stroke, encephalitis and emergency meningitis across Asia, especially in China for hundreds of years. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to investigate the anti-atherosclerosis and cardio-protective effects of ANP administration using a rodent model of atherosclerosis induced by a high fat and vitamin D3. METHODS Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) 78 male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group and 5 atherosclerotic model groups. The atherosclerotic groups were divided to receive either Simvastatin (SVTT, 0.005g/kg), Low-dose ANP (0.125g/kg), Medium-dose ANP (0.25g/kg), and High-dose ANP (0.5g/kg). Following adaptive feeding for one week, atherosclerosis was induced and the atherosclerosis model was established. Experimental drugs (either simvastatin or ANP) or normal saline were administered intragastrically once daily for 9 weeks starting from the 8th week. A carotid artery ultrasound was performed at the 17th week to determine whether atherosclerosis had been induced. After the atherosclerosis model was successfully established, platelet aggregation rates, serum biochemical indices, apoptosis-related Bcl-2, Bax proteins levels in the heart were assayed. Pathological and histological analysis was completed using artery tissue from different experimental different groups to assess the effects of ANP. RESULTS ANP significantly decreased aortic membrane thickness, the maximum platelet aggregation rates, and the ratio of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL). In addition, ANP significantly reduced serum contents of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, malondialdehyde, troponin I, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase. ANP markedly improved abnormal pathological conditions of the aorta and heart, and helped to prevent myocardial apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that ANP has robust ant-atherosclerosis and cardio-protective effects on a high-fat and vitamin D3 - induced rodent model of atherosclerosis due to its antiplatelet aggregation, lipid regulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Fu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi pharmaceutical co., ltd, Guangzhou 510530, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Yin
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi pharmaceutical co., ltd, Guangzhou 510530, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Hao Pan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Shuang Chai
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi pharmaceutical co., ltd, Guangzhou 510530, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Xi Yan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Ke
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi pharmaceutical co., ltd, Guangzhou 510530, Guangdong, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999000 Macau, China
| | - Manish Paranjpe
- Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Lintao Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery pain research institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hong Nie
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
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50
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Chen X, Qian S, Hoggatt A, Tang H, Hacker TA, Obukhov AG, Herring PB, Seye CI. Endothelial Cell-Specific Deletion of P2Y2 Receptor Promotes Plaque Stability in Atherosclerosis-Susceptible ApoE-Null Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 37:75-83. [PMID: 27856454 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nucleotide P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R) contributes to vascular inflammation by increasing vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in endothelial cells (EC), and global P2Y2R deficiency prevents fatty streak formation in apolipoprotein E null (ApoE-/-) mice. Because P2Y2R is ubiquitously expressed in vascular cells, we investigated the contribution of endothelial P2Y2R in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS EC-specific P2Y2R-deficient mice were generated by breeding VEcadherin5-Cre mice with the P2Y2R floxed mice. Endothelial P2Y2R deficiency reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and significantly altered ATP- and UTP (uridine 5'-triphosphate)-induced vasorelaxation without affecting vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine. Telemetric blood pressure and echocardiography measurements indicated that EC-specific P2Y2R-deficient mice did not develop hypertension. We investigated the role of endothelial P2Y2R in the development of atherosclerotic lesions by crossing the EC-specific P2Y2R knockout mice onto an ApoE-/- background and evaluated lesion development after feeding a standard chow diet for 25 weeks. Histopathologic examination demonstrated reduced atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic sinus and entire aorta, decreased macrophage infiltration, and increased smooth muscle cell and collagen content, leading to the formation of a subendothelial fibrous cap in EC-specific P2Y2R-deficient ApoE-/- mice. Expression and proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 was significantly reduced in atherosclerotic lesions from EC-specific P2Y2R-deficient ApoE-/- mice. Furthermore, EC-specific P2Y2R deficiency inhibited nitric oxide production, leading to significant increase in smooth muscle cell migration out of aortic explants. CONCLUSIONS EC-specific P2Y2R deficiency reduces atherosclerotic burden and promotes plaque stability in ApoE-/- mice through impaired macrophage infiltration acting together with reduced matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity and increased smooth muscle cell migration.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Cell Movement
- Cells, Cultured
- Collagen/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Fibrosis
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Purinergic P2Y Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2/deficiency
- Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2/genetics
- Rupture, Spontaneous
- Signal Transduction
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Chen
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Shaomin Qian
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - April Hoggatt
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Hongying Tang
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Timothy A Hacker
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Alexander G Obukhov
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Paul B Herring
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Cheikh I Seye
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.).
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