1
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Fu Y, Zhang Z, Webster KA, Paulus YM. Treatment Strategies for Anti-VEGF Resistance in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration by Targeting Arteriolar Choroidal Neovascularization. Biomolecules 2024; 14:252. [PMID: 38540673 PMCID: PMC10968528 DOI: 10.3390/biom14030252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive use of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) biologics for over a decade, neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) or choroidal neovascularization (CNV) continues to be a major cause of irreversible vision loss in developed countries. Many nAMD patients demonstrate persistent disease activity or experience declining responses over time despite anti-VEGF treatment. The underlying mechanisms of anti-VEGF resistance are poorly understood, and no effective treatment strategies are available to date. Here we review evidence from animal models and clinical studies that supports the roles of neovascular remodeling and arteriolar CNV formation in anti-VEGF resistance. Cholesterol dysregulation, inflammation, and ensuing macrophage activation are critically involved in arteriolar CNV formation and anti-VEGF resistance. Combination therapy by neutralizing VEGF and enhancing cholesterol removal from macrophages is a promising strategy to combat anti-VEGF resistance in CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbin Fu
- Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.Z.); (K.A.W.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.Z.); (K.A.W.)
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.Z.); (K.A.W.)
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yannis M. Paulus
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
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2
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Webster KA. Translational Relevance of Advanced Age and Atherosclerosis in Preclinical Trials of Biotherapies for Peripheral Artery Disease. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:135. [PMID: 38275616 PMCID: PMC10815340 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 6% of adults worldwide suffer from peripheral artery disease (PAD), primarily caused by atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries. Despite optimal medical care and revascularization, many PAD patients remain symptomatic and progress to critical limb ischemia (CLI) and risk major amputation. Delivery of pro-angiogenic factors as proteins or DNA, stem, or progenitor cells confers vascular regeneration and functional recovery in animal models of CLI, but the effects are not well replicated in patients and no pro-angiogenic biopharmacological procedures are approved in the US, EU, or China. The reasons are unclear, but animal models that do not represent clinical PAD/CLI are implicated. Consequently, it is unclear whether the obstacles to clinical success lie in the toxic biochemical milieu of human CLI, or in procedures that were optimized on inappropriate models. The question is significant because the former case requires abandonment of current strategies, while the latter encourages continued optimization. These issues are discussed in the context of relevant preclinical and clinical data, and it is concluded that preclinical mouse models that include age and atherosclerosis as the only comorbidities that are consistently present and active in clinical trial patients are necessary to predict clinical success. Of the reviewed materials, no biopharmacological procedure that failed in clinical trials had been tested in animal models that included advanced age and atherosclerosis relevant to PAD/CLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A. Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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3
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Lalwani RC, Volmar CH, Wahlestedt C, Webster KA, Shehadeh LA. Contextualizing the Role of Osteopontin in the Inflammatory Responses of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3232. [PMID: 38137453 PMCID: PMC10741223 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive accumulations of extracellular amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregates from soluble oligomers to insoluble plaques and hyperphosphorylated intraneuronal tau, also from soluble oligomers to insoluble neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Tau and Aβ complexes spread from the entorhinal cortex of the brain to interconnected regions, where they bind pattern recognition receptors on microglia and astroglia to trigger inflammation and neurotoxicity that ultimately lead to neurodegeneration and clinical AD. Systemic inflammation is initiated by Aβ's egress into the circulation, which may be secondary to microglial activation and can confer both destructive and reparative actions. Microglial activation pathways and downstream drivers of Aβ/NFT neurotoxicity, including inflammatory regulators, are primary targets for AD therapy. Osteopontin (OPN), an inflammatory cytokine and biomarker of AD, is implicated in Aβ clearance and toxicity, microglial activation, and inflammation, and is considered to be a potential therapeutic target. Here, using the most relevant works from the literature, we review and contextualize the evidence for a central role of OPN and associated inflammation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni C. Lalwani
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Claude-Henry Volmar
- Department of Psychiatry, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.-H.V.); (C.W.)
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Claes Wahlestedt
- Department of Psychiatry, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (C.-H.V.); (C.W.)
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Integene International Holdings, LLC, Miami, FL 33137, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Everglades BioPharma, Houston, TX 77098, USA
| | - Lina A. Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Condor Capcha JM, Kamiar A, Robleto E, Saad AG, Cui T, Wong A, Villano J, Zhong W, Pekosz A, Medina E, Cai R, Sha W, Ranek MJ, Webster KA, Schally AV, Jackson RM, Shehadeh LA. Growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor antagonist MIA-602 attenuates cardiopulmonary injury induced by BSL-2 rVSV-SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308342120. [PMID: 37983492 PMCID: PMC10691341 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308342120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pneumonia causes acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) characterized by early pulmonary endothelial and epithelial injuries with altered pulmonary diffusing capacity and obstructive or restrictive physiology. Growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRH-R) is expressed in the lung and heart. GHRH-R antagonist, MIA-602, has been reported to modulate immune responses to bleomycin lung injury and inflammation in granulomatous sarcoidosis. We hypothesized that MIA-602 would attenuate rVSV-SARS-CoV-2-induced pulmonary dysfunction and heart injury in a BSL-2 mouse model. Male and female K18-hACE2tg mice were inoculated with SARS-CoV-2/USA-WA1/2020, BSL-2-compliant recombinant VSV-eGFP-SARS-CoV-2-Spike (rVSV-SARS-CoV-2), or PBS, and lung viral load, weight loss, histopathology, and gene expression were compared. K18-hACE2tg mice infected with rVSV-SARS-CoV-2 were treated daily with subcutaneous MIA-602 or vehicle and conscious, unrestrained plethysmography performed on days 0, 3, and 5 (n = 7 to 8). Five days after infection mice were killed, and blood and tissues collected for histopathology and protein/gene expression. Both native SARS-CoV-2 and rVSV-SARS-CoV-2 presented similar patterns of weight loss, infectivity (~60%), and histopathologic changes. Daily treatment with MIA-602 conferred weight recovery, reduced lung perivascular inflammation/pneumonia, and decreased lung/heart ICAM-1 expression compared to vehicle. MIA-602 rescued altered respiratory rate, increased expiratory parameters (Te, PEF, EEP), and normalized airflow parameters (Penh and Rpef) compared to vehicle, consistent with decreased airway inflammation. RNASeq followed by protein analysis revealed heightened levels of inflammation and end-stage necroptosis markers, including ZBP1 and pMLKL induced by rVSV-SARS-CoV-2, that were normalized by MIA-602 treatment, consistent with an anti-inflammatory and pro-survival mechanism of action in this preclinical model of COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. Condor Capcha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Ali Kamiar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Emely Robleto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Ali G. Saad
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Tengjiao Cui
- Research Service, Miami Veterans Affairs Health System (VAHS), Miami, FL33125
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33101
| | - Amanda Wong
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Jason Villano
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - William Zhong
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Edgar Medina
- Qualityminds Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH), Munchen, Munich81549, Germany
| | - Renzhi Cai
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
- Research Service, Miami Veterans Affairs Health System (VAHS), Miami, FL33125
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33101
| | - Wei Sha
- Research Service, Miami Veterans Affairs Health System (VAHS), Miami, FL33125
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33101
| | - Mark J. Ranek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Integene International Holdings, Miami, FL33179
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Andrew V. Schally
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
- Research Service, Miami Veterans Affairs Health System (VAHS), Miami, FL33125
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33101
| | - Robert M. Jackson
- Research Service, Miami Veterans Affairs Health System (VAHS), Miami, FL33125
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33101
| | - Lina A. Shehadeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
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Kamiar A, Alitter Q, Capcha JMC, Saad A, Webster KA, Shehadeh LA. Ascending aortic aneurysm and histopathology in Alport syndrome: a case report. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:300. [PMID: 37828432 PMCID: PMC10568822 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alport syndrome (AS) is caused by mutations in type IV collagen genes that typically target and compromise the integrity of basement membranes in kidney, ocular, and sensorineural cochlear tissues. Type IV and V collagens are also integral components of arterial walls, and whereas collagenopathies including AS are implicated in aortic disease, the incidence of aortic aneurysm in AS is unknown probably because of underreporting. Consequently, AS is not presently considered an independent risk factor for aortic aneurysm and more detailed case studies including histological evidence of basement membrane abnormalities are needed to determine such a possible linkage. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we present unique histopathological findings of an ascending aortic aneurysm collected at the time of surgery from an AS patient wherein hypertension was the only other known risk factor. CONCLUSIONS The studies reveal classical histological features of aortic aneurysm, including atheroma, lymphocytic infiltration, elastin disruption, and myxoid degeneration with probable AS association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kamiar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fl, United States
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Qusai Alitter
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Jose M C Capcha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fl, United States
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ali Saad
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Keith A Webster
- Integene International Holdings, LLC, Miami, FL, United States
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Everglades BioPharma, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fl, United States.
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.
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6
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Huang C, Ji L, Kaur A, Tian H, Waduge P, Webster KA, Li W. Anti-Scg3 Gene Therapy to Treat Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1910. [PMID: 37509549 PMCID: PMC10377229 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a leading cause of blindness in the elderly in developed countries. The disease is currently treated with anti-angiogenic biologics, including aflibercept, against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) but with limited efficacy, treatment resistance and requirement for frequent intravitreal injections. Although anti-VEGF gene therapy may provide sustained therapy that obviates multiple injections, the efficacy and side effects related to VEGF pathway targeting remain, and alternative strategies to block angiogenesis independently of VEGF are needed. We recently reported that secretogranin III (Scg3) induces only pathological angiogenesis through VEGF-independent pathways, and Scg3-neutralizing antibodies selectively inhibit pathological but not physiological angiogenesis in mouse proliferative retinopathy models. Anti-Scg3 antibodies synergize dose-dependently with VEGF inhibitors in a CNV model. Here, we report that an adeno-associated virus-8 (AAV8) vector expressing anti-Scg3 Fab ameliorated CNV with an efficacy similar to that of AAV-aflibercept in a mouse model. This study is the first to test an anti-angiogenic gene therapy protocol that selectively targets pathological angiogenesis via a VEGF-independent mechanism. The findings support further safety/efficacy studies of anti-Scg3 gene therapy as monotherapy or combined with anti-VEGF to treat nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchi Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liyang Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Avinash Kaur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77098, USA
| | - Prabuddha Waduge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77098, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Ji L, Waduge P, Wu Y, Huang C, Kaur A, Oliveira P, Tian H, Zhang J, Stout JT, Weng CY, Webster KA, Li W. Secretogranin III Selectively Promotes Vascular Leakage in the Deep Vascular Plexus of Diabetic Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10531. [PMID: 37445707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults, induces mosaic patterns of vasculopathy that may be associated with spatial heterogeneity of intraretinal endothelial cells. We recently reported that secretogranin III (Scg3), a neuron-derived angiogenic and vascular leakage factor, selectively binds retinal vessels of diabetic but not healthy mice. Here, we investigated endothelial heterogeneity of three retinal vascular plexuses in DR pathogenesis and the therapeutic implications. Our unique in vivo ligand binding assay detected a 22.7-fold increase in Scg3 binding to retinal vessels of diabetic mice relative to healthy mice. Functional immunohistochemistry revealed that Scg3 predominantly binds to the DR-stressed CD31- deep retinal vascular plexus but not to the relatively healthy CD31+ superficial and intermediate plexuses within the same diabetic retina. In contrast, VEGF bound to healthy and diabetic retinal vessels indiscriminately with low activity. FITC-dextran assays indicated that selectively increased retinal vascular leakage coincides with Scg3 binding in diabetic mice that was independent of VEGF, whereas VEGF-induced leakage did not distinguish between diabetic and healthy mice. Dose-response curves showed that the anti-Scg3 humanized antibody (hAb) and anti-VEGF aflibercept alleviated DR leakage with equivalent efficacies, and that the combination acted synergistically. These findings suggest: (i) the deep plexus is highly sensitive to DR; (ii) Scg3 binding to the DR deep plexus coincides with the loss of CD31 and compromised endothelial junctions; (iii) anti-Scg3 hAb alleviates vascular leakage by selectively targeting the DR-stressed deep plexus within the same diabetic retina; (iv) combined anti-Scg3 and anti-VEGF treatments synergistically ameliorate DR through distinct mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Ji
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Prabuddha Waduge
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yan Wu
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Chengchi Huang
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Avinash Kaur
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paola Oliveira
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77098, USA
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, China
| | - J Timothy Stout
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christina Y Weng
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keith A Webster
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77098, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Aguilar-Caballero D, Capcha JMC, Caballero V, Young KC, Duara S, Borchetta M, Gonzalez I, Saad AG, Webster KA, Shehadeh LA, Bandstra ES, Schmidt AF. Case report: Fatal lung hyperinflammation in a preterm newborn with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1144230. [PMID: 37287630 PMCID: PMC10242137 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1144230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to fetus is widely accepted. Whereas most infected neonates present with mild symptoms or are asymptomatic, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and abnormal lung images are significantly more frequent in COVID-19 positive neonates than in non-infected newborns. Fatality is rare and discordant meta-analyses of case reports and series relating perinatal maternal COVID-19 status to neonatal disease severity complicate their extrapolation as prognostic indicators. A larger database of detailed case reports from more extreme cases will be required to establish therapeutic guidelines and allow informed decision making. Here we report an unusual case of a 28 weeks' gestation infant with perinatally acquired SARS-CoV-2, who developed severe protracted respiratory failure. Despite intensive care from birth with first line anti-viral and anti-inflammatory therapy, respiratory failure persisted, and death ensued at 5 months. Lung histopathology showed severe diffuse bronchopneumonia, and heart and lung immunohistochemistry confirmed macrophage infiltration, platelet activation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation consistent with late multisystem inflammation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SARS CoV-2 pulmonary hyperinflammation in a preterm newborn with fatal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Aguilar-Caballero
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Holz Children's Hospital/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jose M. C. Capcha
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Veronica Caballero
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Holz Children's Hospital/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Karen C. Young
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Holz Children's Hospital/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shahnaz Duara
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Holz Children's Hospital/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael Borchetta
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ivan Gonzalez
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ali G. Saad
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Integene International, LLC, Miami, FL, United States
- Baylor College of Medicine, Everglades Biopharma, Cullen Eye Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lina A. Shehadeh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Emmalee S. Bandstra
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Holz Children's Hospital/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Augusto F. Schmidt
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Holz Children's Hospital/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
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9
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Waduge P, Tian H, Webster KA, Li W. Profiling disease-selective drug targets: From proteomics to ligandomics. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103430. [PMID: 36343915 PMCID: PMC9974940 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Despite advancements in omics technologies, including proteomics and transcriptomics, identification of therapeutic targets remains challenging. Ligandomics recently emerged as a unique technology of functional proteomics for global profiling of cell-binding protein ligands. When applied to diseased versus healthy vasculatures, comparative ligandomics systematically maps novel disease-restricted ligands that allow selective targeting of pathological but not physiological pathways, providing high efficacy with intrinsic safety. In this review, we discuss the potential of cellular ligands as therapeutic targets and summarize the development of ligandomics. We further compare the advantages and limitations of different omics technologies for drug target discovery and discuss target selection criteria to improve drug R&D success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabuddha Waduge
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- LigandomicsRx, LLC, Houston, TX 77098, USA; Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77098, USA
| | - Keith A Webster
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Vascular Biology Institute, Department of Pharmacology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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10
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Safronenka A, Capcha JM, Webster KA, Buglo E, Tamariz L, Goldberger JJ, Shehadeh LA. Autoimmune Reaction Associated With Long COVID Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease: A Genetic Case Report. JACC Case Rep 2023; 6:101644. [PMID: 36348978 PMCID: PMC9633038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A 35-year-old woman with history of cardiovascular disease presented with shortness of breath, lightheadedness, fatigue, chest pain, and premature ventricular contractions 3 weeks after her second COVID-19 vaccine. Symptoms subsided following catheter ablation and ibuprofen except for chest pain and fatigue, which persisted following ablation and subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection. The case suggests causal associations between COVID-19 vaccine/infection and recurrence of cardiovascular disease, including long-COVID-like symptoms. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Safronenka
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA,Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jose M.C. Capcha
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA,Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA,Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, Integene International LLC
| | - Elena Buglo
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Leonardo Tamariz
- Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA,Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Goldberger
- Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lina A. Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA,Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA,Address for correspondence: Dr Lina A. Shehadeh, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Biomedical Research Building 818, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
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11
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Williams M, Capcha JMC, Irion CI, Seo G, Lambert G, Kamiar A, Yousefi K, Kanashiro-Takeuchi R, Takeuchi L, Saad AG, Mendez A, Webster KA, Goldberger JJ, Hare JM, Shehadeh LA. Mouse Model of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Driven by Hyperlipidemia and Enhanced Cardiac Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Expression. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e027216. [PMID: 36056728 PMCID: PMC9496436 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The pathways of diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction driven by lipotoxicity with metabolic syndrome are incompletely understood. Thus, there is an urgent need for animal models that accurately mimic the metabolic and cardiovascular phenotypes of this phenogroup for mechanistic studies. Methods and Results Hyperlipidemia was induced in WT‐129 mice by 4 weeks of biweekly poloxamer‐407 intraperitoneal injections with or without a single intravenous injection of adeno‐associatedvirus 9–cardiac troponin T–low‐density lipoprotein receptor (n=31), or single intravenous injection with adeno‐associatedvirus 9–cardiac troponin T–low‐density lipoprotein receptor alone (n=10). Treatment groups were compared with untreated or placebo controls (n=37). Echocardiography, blood pressure, whole‐body plethysmography, ECG telemetry, activity wheel monitoring, and biochemical and histological changes were assessed at 4 to 8 weeks. At 4 weeks, double treatment conferred diastolic dysfunction, preserved ejection fraction, and increased left ventricular wall thickness. Blood pressure and whole‐body plethysmography results were normal, but respiration decreased at 8 weeks (P<0.01). ECG and activity wheel monitoring, respectively, indicated heart block and decreased exercise activity (P<0.001). Double treatment promoted elevated myocardial lipids including total cholesterol, fibrosis, increased wet/dry lung (P<0.001) and heart weight/body weight (P<0.05). Xanthelasma, ascites, and cardiac ischemia were evident in double and single (p407) groups. Sudden death occurred between 6 and 12 weeks in double and single (p407) treatment groups. Conclusions We present a novel model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction driven by dyslipidemia where mice acquire diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmia, cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, pulmonary congestion, exercise intolerance, and preserved ejection fraction in the absence of obesity, hypertension, kidney disease, or diabetes. The model can be applied to dissect pathways of metabolic syndrome that drive diastolic dysfunction in this lipotoxicity‐mediated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction phenogroup mimic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Williams
- Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL.,Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Jose Manuel Condor Capcha
- Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL.,Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Camila Iansen Irion
- Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL.,Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Grace Seo
- Department of Medical Education University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Guerline Lambert
- Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL.,Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Ali Kamiar
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Keyan Yousefi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | | | - Lauro Takeuchi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Ali G Saad
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Armando Mendez
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Diabetes Research Institute University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Keith A Webster
- Cullen Eye Institute Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX.,Integene International LLC Houston TX
| | - Jeffrey J Goldberger
- Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL.,Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
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12
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Dai C, Tian H, Bhatt A, Su G, Webster KA, Li W. Safety and Efficacy of Systemic Anti-Scg3 Therapy to Treat Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2022; 27:130. [PMID: 35468689 PMCID: PMC9201993 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2704130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To circumvent possible systemic side effects, anti-angiogenic drugs targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for ocular neovascular diseases in adults are approved only for intravitreal administration. However, intravitreal injection itself can elicit injection-related adverse effects, and premature eyes of infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) may be particularly susceptible to intravitreal injection. Therefore, an unmet clinical need is to develop safe systemic anti-angiogenic therapies for ROP. We recently reported that secretogranin III (Scg3) is a disease-restricted angiogenic factor and that systemic anti-Scg3 mAb alleviates ROP in animal models with minimal side effects on developing eyes and organs. The aim of this study is to investigate the safety and efficacy of a humanized anti-Scg3 antibody via systemic administration. METHODS We analyzed the safety and efficacy of a humanized anti-Scg3 antibody Fab fragment (hFab) delivered by intraperitoneal injection in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice, a surrogate model of ROP. RESULTS The results showed that systemic anti-Scg3 hFab effectively alleviated pathological retinal neovascularization in OIR mice with similar efficacy to the anti-VEGF drug aflibercept. Systemic aflibercept conferred significant adverse side effects in neonatal mice, including reduced body weight, abnormalities in retinal and renal development, and retarded physiological neovascularization, whereas systemic anti-Scg3 hFab elicited no such side effects. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that systemic anti-Scg3 hFab is a safe and effective therapy for OIR and support further development for ROP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Amit Bhatt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Texas Children Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guanfang Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77054, USA.,Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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13
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Dai C, Waduge P, Ji L, Huang C, He Y, Tian H, Zuniga-Sanchez E, Bhatt A, Pang IH, Su G, Webster KA, Li W. Secretogranin III stringently regulates pathological but not physiological angiogenesis in oxygen-induced retinopathy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:63. [PMID: 35006382 PMCID: PMC9007175 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Conventional angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), regulate both pathological and physiological angiogenesis indiscriminately, and their inhibitors may elicit adverse side effects. Secretogranin III (Scg3) was recently reported to be a diabetes-restricted VEGF-independent angiogenic factor, but the disease selectivity of Scg3 in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a retinal disease in preterm infants with concurrent pathological and physiological angiogenesis, was not defined. Here, using oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice, a surrogate model of ROP, we quantified an exclusive binding of Scg3 to diseased versus healthy developing neovessels that contrasted sharply with the ubiquitous binding of VEGF. Functional immunohistochemistry visualized Scg3 binding exclusively to disease-related disorganized retinal neovessels and neovascular tufts, whereas VEGF bound to both disorganized and well-organized neovessels. Homozygous deletion of the Scg3 gene showed undetectable effects on physiological retinal neovascularization but markedly reduced the severity of OIR-induced pathological angiogenesis. Furthermore, anti-Scg3 humanized antibody Fab (hFab) inhibited pathological angiogenesis with similar efficacy to anti-VEGF aflibercept. Aflibercept dose-dependently blocked physiological angiogenesis in neonatal retinas, whereas anti-Scg3 hFab was without adverse effects at any dose and supported a therapeutic window at least 10X wider than that of aflibercept. Therefore, Scg3 stringently regulates pathological but not physiological angiogenesis, and anti-Scg3 hFab satisfies essential criteria for development as a safe and effective disease-targeted anti-angiogenic therapy for ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Dai
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Prabuddha Waduge
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Liyang Ji
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Chengchi Huang
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ye He
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth Zuniga-Sanchez
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amit Bhatt
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Texas Children Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Iok-Hou Pang
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Guanfang Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, #218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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14
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Ji L, Waduge P, Hao L, Kaur A, Wan W, Wu Y, Tian H, Zhang J, Webster KA, Li W. Selectively targeting disease-restricted secretogranin III to alleviate choroidal neovascularization. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22106. [PMID: 34918375 PMCID: PMC8694659 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101085rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV), a leading cause of blindness in the elderly, is routinely treated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors that have limited efficacy and potentially adverse side effects. An unmet clinical need is to develop novel therapies against other angiogenic factors for alternative or combination treatment to improve efficacy and safety. We recently described secretogranin III (Scg3) as a disease-selective angiogenic factor, causally linked to diabetic retinopathy and acting independently of the VEGF pathway. An important question is whether such a disease-selective Scg3 pathway contributes to other states of pathological angiogenesis beyond diabetic retinopathy. By applying a novel in vivo endothelial ligand binding assay, we found that the binding of Scg3 to CNV vessels in live mice was markedly increased over background binding to healthy choriocapillaris and blocked by an Scg3-neutralizing antibody, whereas VEGF showed no such differential binding. Intravitreal injection of anti-Scg3 humanized antibody Fab (hFab) inhibited Matrigel-induced CNV with similar efficacy to the anti-VEGF drug aflibercept. Importantly, a combination of anti-Scg3 hFab and aflibercept synergistically alleviated CNV. Homozygous deletion of the Scg3 gene markedly reduced CNV severity and abolished the therapeutic activity of anti-Scg3 hFab, but not aflibercept, suggesting a role for Scg3 in VEGF-independent CNV pathogenesis and therapy. Our work demonstrates the stringent disease selectivity of Scg3 binding and positions anti-Scg3 hFab as a next-generation disease-targeted anti-angiogenic therapy for CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Ji
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Prabuddha Waduge
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Lili Hao
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Avinash Kaur
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Wencui Wan
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL.,Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX
| | - Wei Li
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL
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15
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He Y, Tian H, Dai C, Wen R, Li X, Webster KA, Li W. Optimal Efficacy and Safety of Humanized Anti-Scg3 Antibody to Alleviate Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:350. [PMID: 35008775 PMCID: PMC8745183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a neovascular retinal disorder presenting in premature infants, is the leading causes of blindness in children. Currently, there is no approved drug therapy for ROP in the U.S., highlighting the urgent unmet clinical need for a novel therapeutic to treat the disease. Secretogranin III (Scg3) was recently identified as a disease-selective angiogenic factor, and Scg3-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies were reported to alleviate pathological retinal neovascularization in mouse models. In this study, we characterized the efficacy and safety of a full-length humanized anti-Scg3 antibody (hAb) to ameliorate retinal pathology in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice, a surrogate model of ROP, by implementing histological and functional analyses. Our results demonstrate that the anti-Scg3 hAb outperforms the vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor aflibercept in terms of efficacy and safety to treat OIR mice. Our findings support the development of anti-Scg3 hAb for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (Y.H.); (C.D.); (R.W.); (K.A.W.)
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77054, USA;
| | - Chang Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (Y.H.); (C.D.); (R.W.); (K.A.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rong Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (Y.H.); (C.D.); (R.W.); (K.A.W.)
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300392, China;
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (Y.H.); (C.D.); (R.W.); (K.A.W.)
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77054, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (Y.H.); (C.D.); (R.W.); (K.A.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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16
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Chahdi A, Yousefi K, Condor Capcha JM, Irion C, Lambert G, Shehadeh S, Dunkley J, Lee YS, Khan A, Ramic M, Andrade N, Zeier Z, Dykxhoorn D, Katsoufis C, freundlich M, Hare JM, Nabity M, Rivera C, Lymperopoulos A, Webster KA, Zelcer N, Shehadeh LA. Abstract MP257: Dual Actions Of β
2
Ar-agonism Confer Protection Against Heart Failure And Renal Dysfunction Via Inotropic And Lusitropic Effects And Normalized Cholesterol Homeostasis In A Mouse Model Of Alport Syndrome. Circ Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/res.129.suppl_1.mp257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Col4a3
-/-
Alport mice present a model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD) wherein etiological relationships have been established between hypertension, pulmonary edema, inflammation, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, diastolic dysfunction and underlying abnormalities of elevated low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression, excess LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) accumulation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in renal tubules. HFpEF is characteristically unresponsive to pharmacological intervention. Here, we tested the hypothesis that selective β
2
-Adrenoceptor (β
2
AR) modulation with salbutamol, a short-acting β
2
AR agonist, could alleviate symptoms of CKD and simultaneously augment cardiac function. Secondarily, we investigated the mechanism of actions of such β
2
AR-mediated therapeutics on cardiac and renal functions.
Methods:
Alport mice were injected intraperitoneally with salbutamol or DMSO vehicle as a single bolus of 200μg/dose in short-term studies or daily with 100 μg/dose for 2 weeks long-term. Cardiac and renal functions, cAMP levels,
in vivo
renal tubular LDL-C uptake and renal histology were evaluated post-injection.
In vitro
mechanistic studies were performed in HK-2, Alport dog smooth muscle and tubular epithelial cells differentiated from Alport patient-derived iPSCs. Protein-protein interactions were studied using co-immunoprecipitation experiments and LDL-C uptake was measured by live-cell imaging.
Results:
Short-term, salbutamol improved renal function in parallel with decreased LDLR levels and reduced uptake of LDL-C into renal tubules. Long-term, cardiac diastolic function assessed by isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), filling pressures (E/E’), and myocardial performance index, and systolic function reflected by ejection fraction, stroke volume and cardiac output improved significantly in parallel with increased cardiac cAMP. Mechanistically, in the kidney, salbutamol activated IDOL and hence lysosomal ubiquitination and degradation of LDLR via a novel β
2
AR-mediated, cAMP-independent pathway involving the Rac1/Cdc42 β
1
PixGEF. β
1
Pix reversibly sequesters IDOL into a complex with LDLR, thereby blocking the degradation pathway. β
2
AR stimulation dissipates the complex reactivating IDOL-mediated LDLR degradation thereby re-establishing LDL-C homeostasis and renal function. Using flow cytometry in HEK293T cells, ectopic expression of bPix stabilized membrane LDLR, sensitive to IDOL- but not PCSK-mediated degradation.
Conclusions:
β
2
AR agonism represents a potential treatment strategy to alleviate progression of CKD and heart failure associated with HFpEF phenogroup 3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zane Zeier
- UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI MILLER SCH MED, Miami, FL
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17
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Dunkley JC, Irion CI, Yousefi K, Shehadeh SA, Lambert G, John-Williams K, Webster KA, Goldberger JJ, Shehadeh LA. Carvedilol and exercise combination therapy improves systolic but not diastolic function and reduces plasma osteopontin in Col4a3-/- Alport mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1862-H1872. [PMID: 33769915 PMCID: PMC8163658 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00535.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There are currently no Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Here we compared the effects of exercise with and without α/β-adrenergic blockade with carvedilol in Col4a3-/- Alport mice, a model of the phenogroup 3 subclass of HFpEF with underlying renal dysfunction. Alport mice were assigned to the following groups: no treatment control (n = 29), carvedilol (n = 11), voluntary exercise (n = 9), and combination carvedilol and exercise (n = 8). Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography after 4-wk treatments. Running activity of Alport mice was similar to wild types at 1 mo of age but markedly reduced at 2 mo (1.3 ± 0.40 vs. 4.5 ± 1.02 km/day, P < 0.05). There was a nonsignificant trend for increased running activity at 2 mo by carvedilol in the combination treatment group. Combination treatments conferred increased body weight of Col4a3-/- mice (22.0 ± 1.18 vs. 17.8 ± 0.29 g in untreated mice, P < 0.01), suggesting improved physiology, and heart rates declined by similar increments in all carvedilol-treatment groups. The combination treatment improved systolic parameters; stroke volume (30.5 ± 1.99 vs. 17.8 ± 0.77 μL, P < 0.0001) as well as ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain compared with controls. Myocardial performance index was normalized by all interventions (P < 0.0001). Elevated osteopontin plasma levels in control Alport mice were significantly lowered only by combination treatment, and renal function of the Alport group assessed by urine albumin creatinine ratio was significantly improved by all treatments. The results support synergistic roles for exercise and carvedilol to augment cardiac systolic function of Alport mice with moderately improved renal functions but no change in diastole.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In an Alport mouse model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), exercise and carvedilol synergistically improved systolic function without affecting diastole. Carvedilol alone or in combination with exercise also improved kidney function. Molecular analyses indicate that the observed improvements in cardiorenal functions were mediated at least in part by effects on serum osteopontin and related inflammatory cytokine cascades. The work presents new potential therapeutic targets and approaches for HFpEF.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology
- Animals
- Autoantigens/genetics
- Biomarkers/blood
- Carvedilol/pharmacology
- Collagen Type IV/deficiency
- Collagen Type IV/genetics
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Diastole
- Disease Models, Animal
- Down-Regulation
- Exercise Therapy
- Heart Failure/blood
- Heart Failure/genetics
- Heart Failure/physiopathology
- Heart Failure/therapy
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Knockout
- Nephritis, Hereditary/blood
- Nephritis, Hereditary/genetics
- Nephritis, Hereditary/physiopathology
- Nephritis, Hereditary/therapy
- Osteopontin/blood
- Recovery of Function
- Systole
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/blood
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/genetics
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/therapy
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C Dunkley
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Camila I Irion
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keyvan Yousefi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Serene A Shehadeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Guerline Lambert
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Krista John-Williams
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keith A Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jeffrey J Goldberger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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18
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Kamiar A, Yousefi K, Dunkley JC, Webster KA, Shehadeh LA. β 2-Adrenergic receptor agonism as a therapeutic strategy for kidney disease. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 320:R575-R587. [PMID: 33565369 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00287.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 14% of the general population suffer from chronic kidney disease that can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI), a condition with up to 50% mortality for which there is no effective treatment. Hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are the main comorbidities, and more than 660,000 Americans have kidney failure. β2-Adrenergic receptors (β2ARs) have been extensively studied in association with lung and cardiovascular disease, but with limited scope in kidney and renal diseases. β2ARs are expressed in multiple parts of the kidney including proximal and distal convoluted tubules, glomeruli, and podocytes. Classical and noncanonical β2AR signaling pathways interface with other intracellular mechanisms in the kidney to regulate important cellular functions including renal blood flow, electrolyte balance and salt handling, and tubular function that in turn exert control over critical physiology and pathology such as blood pressure and inflammatory responses. Nephroprotection through activation of β2ARs has surfaced as a promising field of investigation; however, there is limited data on the pharmacology and potential side effects of renal β2AR modulation. Here, we provide updates on some of the major areas of preclinical kidney research involving β2AR signaling that have advanced to describe molecular pathways and identify potential drug targets some of which are currently under clinical development for the treatment of kidney-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kamiar
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keyvan Yousefi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Julian C Dunkley
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keith A Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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19
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Liu J, Wei E, Wei J, Zhou W, Webster KA, Zhang B, Li D, Zhang G, Wei Y, Long Y, Qi X, Zhang Q, Xu D. MiR-126-HMGB1-HIF-1 Axis Regulates Endothelial Cell Inflammation during Exposure to Hypoxia-Acidosis. Dis Markers 2021; 2021:4933194. [PMID: 34970357 PMCID: PMC8714334 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4933194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Crosstalk between molecular regulators miR-126, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-α), and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) contributes to the regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis in multiple physiological and pathophysiological settings. Here, we present evidence of an overriding role for miR-126 in the regulation of HMGB1 and its downstream proinflammatory effectors in endothelial cells subjected to hypoxia with concurrent acidosis (H/A). Methods. Primary mouse endothelial cells (PMEC) were exposed to hypoxia or H/A to simulate short or chronic low-flow ischemia, respectively. RT-qPCR quantified mRNA transcripts, and proteins were measured by western blot. ROS were quantified by fluorogenic ELISA and luciferase reporter assays employed to confirm an active miR-126 target in the HMGB1 3'UTR. Results. Enhanced expression of miR-126 in PMECs cultured under neutral hypoxia was suppressed under H/A, whereas the HMGB1 expression increased sequentially under both conditions. Enhanced expression of HMGB1 and downstream inflammation markers was blocked by the premiR-126 overexpression and optimized by antagomiR. Compared with neutral hypoxia, H/A suppressed the HIF-1α expression independently of miR-126. The results show that HMGB1 and downstream effectors are optimally induced by H/A relative to neutral hypoxia via crosstalk between hypoxia signaling, miR-126, and HIF-1α, whereas B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl2), a HIF-1α, and miR-126 regulated gene expressed optimally under neutral hypoxia. Conclusion. Inflammatory responses of ECs to H/A are dynamically regulated by the combined actions of hypoxia, miR-126, and HIF-1α on the master regulator HMGB1. The findings may be relevant to vascular diseases including atherosclerotic occlusion and interiors of plaque where coexisting hypoxia and acidosis promote inflammation as a defining etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Eileen Wei
- Gulliver High School, Miami, FL 33156, USA
| | - Jianqin Wei
- Department of Medicine Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen 529030, China
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Integene International, LLC, Miami, FL 33137, USA
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen 529030, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit and Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen 529030, China
| | - Gaoxing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen 529030, China
| | - Yidong Wei
- Department of Surgery, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Chengxiang Rd, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
| | - Yusheng Long
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiuyu Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Qianhuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dingli Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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20
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Irion CI, Dunkley JC, John-Williams K, Condor Capcha JM, Shehadeh SA, Pinto A, Loebe M, Webster KA, Brozzi NA, Shehadeh LA. Nuclear Osteopontin Is a Marker of Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy: Evidence From Transplant and Retransplant Hearts. Front Physiol 2020; 11:928. [PMID: 32903540 PMCID: PMC7438570 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heart transplant is the gold standard therapy for patients with advanced heart failure. Over 5,500 heart transplants are performed every year worldwide. Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a common complication post-heart transplant which reduces survival and often necessitates heart retransplantation. Post-transplant follow-up requires serial coronary angiography and endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) for CAV and allograft rejection screening, respectively; both of which are invasive procedures. This study aims to determine whether osteopontin (OPN) protein, a fibrosis marker often present in chronic heart disease, represents a novel biomarker for CAV. Methods Expression of OPN was analyzed in cardiac tissue obtained from patients undergoing heart retransplantation using immunofluorescence imaging (n = 20). Tissues from native explanted hearts and three serial follow-up EMB samples of transplanted hearts were also analyzed in five of these patients. Results Fifteen out of 20 patients undergoing retransplantation had CAV. 13/15 patients with CAV expressed nuclear OPN. 5/5 patients with multiple tissue samples expressed nuclear OPN in both 1st and 2nd explanted hearts, while 0/5 expressed nuclear OPN in any of the follow-up EMBs. 4/5 of these patients had an initial diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Conclusion Nuclear localization of OPN in cardiomyocytes of patients with CAV was evident at the time of cardiac retransplant as well as in patients with DCM at the time of the 1st transplant. The results implicate nuclear OPN as a novel biomarker for severe CAV and DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Iansen Irion
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Julian C Dunkley
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Krista John-Williams
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - José Manuel Condor Capcha
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Serene A Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Andre Pinto
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Matthias Loebe
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Keith A Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Nicolas A Brozzi
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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21
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Yousefi K, Irion CI, Takeuchi LM, Ding W, Lambert G, Eisenberg T, Sukkar S, Granzier HL, Methawasin M, Lee DI, Hahn VS, Kass DA, Hatzistergos KE, Hare JM, Webster KA, Shehadeh LA. Osteopontin Promotes Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction Through a Mitochondrial Pathway. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 73:2705-2718. [PMID: 31146816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and coincident heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) may constitute a distinct HFpEF phenotype. Osteopontin (OPN) is a biomarker of HFpEF and predictive of disease outcome. We recently reported that OPN blockade reversed hypertension, mitochondrial dysfunction, and kidney failure in Col4a3-/- mice, a model of human Alport syndrome. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to identify potential OPN targets in biopsies of HF patients, healthy control subjects, and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs), and to characterize the cardiac phenotype of Col4a3-/- mice, relate this to HFpEF, and investigate possible causative roles for OPN in driving the cardiomyopathy. METHODS OGDHL mRNA and protein were quantified in myocardial samples from patients with HFpEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, and donor control subjects. OGDHL expression was quantified in hiPS-CMs treated with or without anti-OPN antibody. Cardiac parameters were evaluated in Col4a3-/- mice with and without global OPN knockout or AAV9-mediated delivery of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase-like (Ogdhl) to the heart. RESULTS OGDHL mRNA and protein displayed abnormal abundances in cardiac biopsies of HFpEF (n = 17) compared with donor control subjects (n = 12; p < 0.01) or heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients (n = 12; p < 0.05). Blockade of OPN in hiPS-CMs conferred increased OGDHL expression. Col4a3-/- mice demonstrated cardiomyopathy with similarities to HFpEF, including diastolic dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, pulmonary edema, and impaired mitochondrial function. The cardiomyopathy was ameliorated by Opn-/- coincident with improved renal function and increased expression of Ogdhl. Heart-specific overexpression of Ogdhl in Col4a3-/- mice also improved cardiac function and cardiomyocyte energy state. CONCLUSIONS Col4a3-/- mice present a model of HFpEF secondary to CKD wherein OPN and OGDHL are intermediates, and possibly therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Yousefi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Camila I Irion
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Lauro M Takeuchi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Wen Ding
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Guerline Lambert
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Trevor Eisenberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Sarah Sukkar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Henk L Granzier
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Mei Methawasin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Dong I Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Virginia S Hahn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David A Kass
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Konstantinos E Hatzistergos
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Vascular Biology Institute and Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Vascular Biology Institute and Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
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22
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Song L, Zigmond ZM, Martinez L, Lassance-Soares RM, Macias AE, Velazquez OC, Liu ZJ, Salama A, Webster KA, Vazquez-Padron RI. c-Kit suppresses atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H867-H876. [PMID: 31441677 PMCID: PMC6843012 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00062.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the most common underlying cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. c-Kit (CD117) is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, which regulates differentiation, proliferation, and survival of multiple cell types. Recent studies have shown that c-Kit and its ligand stem cell factor (SCF) are present in arterial endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The role of c-Kit in cardiovascular disease remains unclear. The aim of the current study is to determine the role of c-Kit in atherogenesis. For this purpose, atherosclerotic plaques were quantified in c-Kit-deficient mice (KitMut) after they were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 wk. KitMut mice demonstrated substantially greater atherosclerosis compared with control (KitWT) littermates (P < 0.01). Transplantation of c-Kit-positive bone marrow cells into KitMut mice failed to rescue the atherogenic phenotype, an indication that increased atherosclerosis was associated with reduced arterial c-Kit. To investigate the mechanism, SMC organization and morphology were analyzed in the aorta by histopathology and electron microscopy. SMCs were more abundant, disorganized, and vacuolated in aortas of c-Kit mutant mice compared with controls (P < 0.05). Markers of the "contractile" SMC phenotype (calponin, SM22α) were downregulated with pharmacological and genetic c-Kit inhibition (P < 0.05). The absence of c-Kit increased lipid accumulation and significantly reduced the expression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) necessary for lipid efflux in SMCs. Reconstitution of c-Kit in cultured KitMut SMCs resulted in increased spindle-shaped morphology, reduced proliferation, and elevated levels of contractile markers, all indicators of their restored contractile phenotype (P < 0.05).NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study describes the novel vasculoprotective role of c-Kit against atherosclerosis and its function in the preservation of the SMC contractile phenotype.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/metabolism
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/ultrastructure
- Aortic Diseases/etiology
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/etiology
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Foam Cells/metabolism
- Foam Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Hyperlipidemias/complications
- Hyperlipidemias/metabolism
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/ultrastructure
- Mutation
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/ultrastructure
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Calponins
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Song
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zachary M Zigmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Laisel Martinez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Alejandro E Macias
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Omaida C Velazquez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zhao-Jun Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Alghidak Salama
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Roberto I Vazquez-Padron
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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23
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Shen J, Zhang N, Lin YN, Xiang P, Liu XB, Shan PF, Hu XY, Zhu W, Tang YL, Webster KA, Cai R, Schally AV, Wang J, Yu H. Regulation of Vascular Calcification by Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Its Agonists. Circ Res 2018; 122:1395-1408. [PMID: 29618597 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.312418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Vascular calcification (VC) is a marker of the severity of atherosclerotic disease. Hormones play important roles in regulating calcification; estrogen and parathyroid hormones exert opposing effects, the former alleviating VC and the latter exacerbating it. To date no treatment strategies have been developed to regulate clinical VC. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and its agonist (GHRH-A) on the blocking of VC in a mouse model. METHODS AND RESULTS Young adult osteoprotegerin-deficient mice were given daily subcutaneous injections of GHRH-A (MR409) for 4 weeks. Significant reductions in calcification of the aortas of MR409-treated mice were paralleled by markedly lower alkaline phosphatase activity and a dramatic reduction in the expression of transcription factors, including the osteogenic marker gene Runx2 and its downstream factors, osteonectin and osteocalcin. The mechanism of action of GHRH-A was dissected in smooth muscle cells isolated from human and mouse aortas. Calcification of smooth muscle cells induced by osteogenic medium was inhibited in the presence of GHRH or MR409, as evidenced by reduced alkaline phosphatase activity and Runx2 expression. Inhibition of calcification by MR409 was partially reversed by MIA602, a GHRH antagonist, or a GHRH receptor-selective small interfering RNA. Treatment with MR409 induced elevated cytosolic cAMP and its target, protein kinase A which in turn blocked nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity and reduced production of reactive oxygen species, thus blocking the phosphorylation of nuclear factor κB (p65), a key intermediate in the ligand of receptor activator for nuclear factor-κ B-Runx2/alkaline phosphatase osteogenesis program. A protein kinase A-selective small interfering RNA or the chemical inhibitor H89 abolished these beneficial effects of MR409. CONCLUSIONS GHRH-A controls osteogenesis in smooth muscle cells by targeting cross talk between protein kinase A and nuclear factor κB (p65) and through the suppression of reactive oxygen species production that induces the Runx2 gene and alkaline phosphatase. Inflammation-mediated osteogenesis is thereby blocked. GHRH-A may represent a new pharmacological strategy to regulate VC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- From the Departments of Cardiology (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
| | - Ning Zhang
- From the Departments of Cardiology (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
| | - Yi-Nuo Lin
- From the Departments of Cardiology (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
| | - PingPing Xiang
- From the Departments of Cardiology (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
| | - Xian-Bao Liu
- From the Departments of Cardiology (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
| | | | - Xin-Yang Hu
- From the Departments of Cardiology (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
| | - Wei Zhu
- From the Departments of Cardiology (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
| | - Yao-Liang Tang
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta (Y.-l.T.)
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology and the Vascular Biology Institute (K.A.W., R.C., A.V.S.)
| | - Renzhi Cai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology and the Vascular Biology Institute (K.A.W., R.C., A.V.S.)
- Divisions of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine (R.C., A.V.S.)
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; and Endocrine, Polypeptide and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL (R.C., A.V.S.)
| | - Andrew V Schally
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology and the Vascular Biology Institute (K.A.W., R.C., A.V.S.)
- Divisions of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine (R.C., A.V.S.)
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; and Endocrine, Polypeptide and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL (R.C., A.V.S.)
| | - Jian'an Wang
- From the Departments of Cardiology (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
| | - Hong Yu
- From the Departments of Cardiology (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
- Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China (J.S., N.Z., Y.-N.L., P.P.X., X.-b.L., X.-y.H., W.Z., J.W., H.Y.)
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24
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Hernandez DR, Artiles A, Duque JC, Martinez L, Pinto MT, Webster KA, Velazquez OC, Vazquez-Padron RI, Lassance-Soares RM. Loss of c-Kit function impairs arteriogenesis in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. Surgery 2017; 163:877-882. [PMID: 29287914 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2017.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arteriogenesis is a process whereby collateral vessels remodel usually in response to increased blood flow and/or wall stress. Remodeling of collaterals can function as a natural bypass to alleviate ischemia during arterial occlusion. Here we used a genetic approach to investigate possible roles of tyrosine receptor c-Kit in arteriogenesis. METHODS Mutant mice with loss of c-Kit function (KitW/W-v), and controls were subjected to hindlimb ischemia. Blood flow recovery was evaluated pre-, post-, and weekly after ischemia. Foot ischemic damage and function were assessed between days 1 to 14 post-ischemia while collaterals remodeling were measured 28 days post-ischemia. Both groups of mice also were subjected to wild type bone marrow cells transplantation 3 weeks before hindlimb ischemia to evaluate possible contributions of defective bone marrow c-Kit expression on vascular recovery. RESULTS KitW/W-v mice displayed impaired blood flow recovery, greater ischemic damage and foot dysfunction after ischemia compared to controls. KitW/W-v mice also demonstrated impaired collateral remodeling consistent with flow recovery findings. Because arteriogenesis is a biological process that involves bone marrow-derived cells, we investigated which source of c-Kit signaling (bone marrow or vascular) plays a major role in arteriogenesis. KitW/W-v mice transplanted with bone marrow wild type cells exhibited similar phenotype of impaired blood flow recovery, greater tissue ischemic damage and foot dysfunction as nontransplanted KitW/W-v mice. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that c-Kit signaling is required during arteriogenesis. Also, it strongly suggests a vascular role for c-Kit signaling because rescue of systemic c-Kit activity by bone marrow transplantation did not augment the functional recovery of KitW/W-v mouse hindlimbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana R Hernandez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Adriana Artiles
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan C Duque
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Laisel Martinez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mariana T Pinto
- Interdiciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omaida C Velazquez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Roberto I Vazquez-Padron
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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25
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Parikh PP, Castilla D, Lassance-Soares RM, Shao H, Regueiro M, Li Y, Vazquez-Padron R, Webster KA, Liu ZJ, Velazquez OC. A Reliable Mouse Model of Hind limb Gangrene. Ann Vasc Surg 2017; 48:222-232. [PMID: 29197603 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of a reliable hind limb gangrene animal model limits preclinical studies of gangrene, a severe form of critical limb ischemia. We develop a novel mouse hind limb gangrene model to facilitate translational studies. METHODS BALB/c, FVB, and C57BL/6 mice underwent femoral artery ligation (FAL) with or without administration of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Gangrene was assessed using standardized ischemia scores ranging from 0 (no gangrene) to 12 (forefoot gangrene). Laser Doppler imaging (LDI) and DiI perfusion quantified hind limb reperfusion postoperatively. RESULTS BALB/c develops gangrene with FAL-only (n = 11/11, 100% gangrene incidence), showing mean limb ischemia score of 12 on postoperative days (PODs) 7 and 14 with LDI ranging from 0.08 to 0.12 on respective PODs. Most FVB did not develop gangrene with FAL-only (n = 3/9, 33% gangrene incidence) but with FAL and L-NAME (n = 9/9, 100% gangrene incidence). Mean limb ischemia scores for FVB undergoing FAL with L-NAME were significantly higher than for FVB receiving FAL-only. LDI score and capillary density by POD 28 were significantly lower in FVB undergoing FAL with L-NAME. C57BL/6 did not develop gangrene with FAL-only or FAL and L-NAME. CONCLUSIONS Reproducible murine gangrene models may elucidate molecular mechanisms for gangrene development, facilitating therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punam P Parikh
- DeWitt-Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
| | - Diego Castilla
- DeWitt-Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Roberta M Lassance-Soares
- DeWitt-Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Hongwei Shao
- DeWitt-Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Manuela Regueiro
- DeWitt-Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Yan Li
- DeWitt-Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Roberto Vazquez-Padron
- DeWitt-Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology and the Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Zhao-Jun Liu
- DeWitt-Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Omaida C Velazquez
- DeWitt-Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
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26
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Zhu J, Lu K, Zhang N, Zhao Y, Ma Q, Shen J, Lin Y, Xiang P, Tang Y, Hu X, Chen J, Zhu W, Webster KA, Wang J, Yu H. Myocardial reparative functions of exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells are enhanced by hypoxia treatment of the cells via transferring microRNA-210 in an nSMase2-dependent way. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2017; 46:1659-1670. [PMID: 29141446 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1388249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia treatment enhances paracrine effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The aim of this study was to investigate whether exosomes from hypoxia-treated MSCs (ExoH) are superior to those from normoxia-treated MSCs (ExoN) for myocardial repair. Mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs were cultured under hypoxia or normoxia for 24 h, and exosomes from conditioned media were intramyocardially injected into infarcted heart of C57BL/6 mouse. ExoH resulted in significantly higher survival, smaller scar size and better cardiac functions recovery. ExoH conferred increased vascular density, lower cardiomyocytes (CMs) apoptosis, reduced fibrosis and increased recruitment of cardiac progenitor cells in the infarcted heart relative to ExoN. MicroRNA analysis revealed significantly higher levels of microRNA-210 (miR-210) in ExoH compared with ExoN. Transfection of a miR-210 mimic into endothelial cells (ECs) and CMs conferred similar biological effects as ExoH. Hypoxia treatment of MSCs increased the expression of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) which is crucial for exosome secretion. Blocking the activity of nSMase2 resulted in reduced miR-210 secretion and abrogated the beneficial effects of ExoH. In conclusion, hypoxic culture augments miR-210 and nSMase2 activities in MSCs and their secreted exosomes, and this is responsible at least in part for the enhanced cardioprotective actions of exosomes derived from hypoxia-treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Zhu
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Kai Lu
- b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China.,c Department of Cardiology , The First People's Hospital of Huzhou , Huzhou , PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Yun Zhao
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Qunchao Ma
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Jian Shen
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Yinuo Lin
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Pingping Xiang
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Yaoliang Tang
- d Vascular Biology Center, Department of Medicine , Medical College of Georgia/Georgia Regents University , Augusta , GA , USA
| | - Xinyang Hu
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Jinghai Chen
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Wei Zhu
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Keith A Webster
- e Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine , University of Miami , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Jian'an Wang
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Hong Yu
- a Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.,b Department of Cardiology , Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
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Li W, Webster KA, LeBlanc ME, Tian H. Secretogranin III: a diabetic retinopathy-selective angiogenic factor. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 75:635-647. [PMID: 28856381 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2635-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Secretogranin III (Scg3) is a member of the granin protein family that regulates the biogenesis of secretory granules. Scg3 was recently discovered as an angiogenic factor, expanding its functional role to extrinsic regulation. Unlike many other known angiogenic factors, the pro-angiogenic actions of Scg3 are restricted to pathological conditions. Among thousands of quantified endothelial ligands, Scg3 has the highest binding activity ratio to diabetic vs. healthy mouse retinas and lowest background binding to normal vessels. In contrast, vascular endothelial growth factor binds to and stimulates angiogenesis of both diabetic and control vasculature. Consistent with its role in pathological angiogenesis, Scg3-neutralizing antibodies alleviate retinal vascular leakage in mouse models of diabetic retinopathy and retinal neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy mice. This review summarizes our current knowledge of Scg3 as a regulatory protein of secretory granules, highlights its new role as a highly disease-selective angiogenic factor, and envisions Scg3 inhibitors as "selective angiogenesis blockers" for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Keith A Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department Pharmacology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Michelle E LeBlanc
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, Miami, FL, 33156, USA
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28
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Wang W, LeBlanc ME, Chen X, Chen P, Ji Y, Brewer M, Tian H, Spring SR, Webster KA, Li W. Pathogenic role and therapeutic potential of pleiotrophin in mouse models of ocular vascular disease. Angiogenesis 2017; 20:479-492. [PMID: 28447229 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-017-9557-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR), neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Pleiotrophin, a well-known angiogenic factor, was recently reported to be upregulated in the vitreous fluid of patients with proliferative DR (PDR). However, its pathogenic role and therapeutic potential in ocular vascular diseases have not been defined in vivo. Here using corneal pocket assays, we demonstrated that pleiotrophin induced angiogenesis in vivo. To investigate the pathological role of pleiotrophin we used neutralizing antibody to block its function in multiple in vivo models of ocular vascular diseases. In a mouse model of DR, intravitreal injection of pleiotrophin-neutralizing antibody alleviated diabetic retinal vascular leakage. In a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), which is a surrogate model of ROP and PDR, we demonstrated that intravitreal injection of anti-pleiotrophin antibody prevented OIR-induced pathological retinal neovascularization and aberrant vessel tufts. Finally, pleiotrophin-neutralizing antibody ameliorated laser-induced choroidal neovascularization, a mouse model of nAMD, suggesting that pleiotrophin is involved in choroidal vascular disease. These findings suggest that pleiotrophin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DR with retinal vascular leakage, ROP with retinal neovascularization and nAMD with choroidal neovascularization. The results also support pleiotrophin as a promising target for anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michelle E LeBlanc
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Xiuping Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital of Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Zhengzhou Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Megan Brewer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Samantha R Spring
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Keith A Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. .,Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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29
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Wang K, Jiang Z, Webster KA, Chen J, Hu H, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhong Z, Ni C, Li Q, Xiang C, Zhang L, Wu R, Zhu W, Yu H, Hu X, Wang J. Enhanced Cardioprotection by Human Endometrium Mesenchymal Stem Cells Driven by Exosomal MicroRNA-21. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:209-222. [PMID: 28170197 PMCID: PMC5442741 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our group recently reported positive therapeutic benefit of human endometrium‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSCs) delivered to infarcted rat myocardium, an effect that correlated with enhanced secretion of protective cytokines and growth factors compared with parallel cultures of human bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs). To define more precisely the molecular mechanisms of EnMSC therapy, in the present study, we assessed in parallel the paracrine and therapeutic properties of MSCs derived from endometrium, bone marrow, and adipose tissues in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). EnMSCs, BMMSCs, and adipose‐derived MSCs (AdMSCs) were characterized by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS). Paracrine and cytoprotective actions were assessed in vitro by coculture with neonatal cardiomyocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. A rat MI model was used to compare cell therapy by intramyocardial injection of BMMSCs, AdMSCs, and EnMSCs. We found that EnMSCs conferred superior cardioprotection relative to BMMSCs or AdMSCs and supported enhanced microvessel density. Inhibitor studies indicated that the enhanced paracrine actions of EnMSCs were mediated by secreted exosomes. Analyses of exosomal microRNAs (miRs) by miR array and quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that miR‐21 expression was selectively enhanced in exosomes derived from EnMSCs. Selective antagonism of miR‐21 by anti‐miR treatment abolished the antiapoptotic and angiogenic effects of EnMSCs with parallel effects on phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a miR‐21 target and downstream Akt. The results of the present study confirm the superior cardioprotection by EnMSCs relative to BMMSCs or AdMSCs and implicates miR‐21 as a potential mediator of EnMSC therapy by enhancing cell survival through the PTEN/Akt pathway. The endometrium might be a preferential source of MSCs for cardiovascular cell therapy. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:209–222
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jinghai Chen
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengxun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingju Li
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Charlie Xiang
- Zhejiang‐California International Nanosystems Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Adi N, Adi J, Lassance-Soares RM, Kurlansky P, Yu H, Webster KA. High protein/fish oil diet prevents hepatic steatosis in NONcNZO10 mice; association with diet/genetics-regulated micro-RNAs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 7. [PMID: 28529818 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6156.1000676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE NONcNZO10 (NZ10) mice are predisposed to obesity and develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hepatic steatosis even when maintained on a control diet (CD) of 6% fat. Studies were designed to determine whether this extreme susceptibility phenotype could be alleviated by diet and if so the molecular targets of diet. METHODS NZ10 and SWR/J (SWR) control mice were fed a CD or a test diet of high protein and fish oil (HPO) for 19 weeks and then analyzed for steatosis, blood chemistry, hepatic gene and micro-RNA expression. RESULTS HPO diet prevented steatosis, significantly increased serum adiponectin and reduced serum cholesterol and triglycerides only in NZ10 mice. The HPO diet repressed hepatic expression of fatty acid metabolic regulators including PPAR-γ, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-c1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator-1, fatty acid synthase, fatty acid binding protein-4, and apolipoprotein A4 genes only in NZ10 mice. Also repressed by a HPO diet were adiponectinR2 receptor, leptin-R, PPAR-α, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoforms 2 and 4, AKT2 and GSK3β. Micro-RNA (miR) arrays identified miRs that were diet and/or genetics regulated. QRTPCR confirmed increased expression of miR-205 and suppression of a series of miRs including miRs-411, 155, 335 and 21 in the NZ10-HPO group, each of which are implicated in the progression of diabetes and/or steatosis. Evidence is presented that miR-205 co-regulates with PPARγ and may regulate fibrosis and EMT during the progression of steatosis in the livers of NZ10-CD mice. The dietary responses of miR-205 are tissue-specific with opposite effects in adipose and liver. CONCLUSION The results confirm that a HPO diet overrides the genetic susceptibility of NZ10 mice and this correlates with the suppression of key genes and perhaps micro-RNAs involved in hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and inflammation including master PPAR regulators, adiponectin and leptin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Adi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.,Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Jennipher Adi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.,Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Roberta Marques Lassance-Soares
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.,Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | | | - Hong Yu
- Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.,Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.,Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
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Boden J, Lassance-Soares RM, Wang H, Wei Y, Spiga MG, Adi J, Layman H, Yu H, Vazquez-Padron RI, Andreopoulos F, Webster KA. Vascular Regeneration in Ischemic Hindlimb by Adeno-Associated Virus Expressing Conditionally Silenced Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.115.001815. [PMID: 27231018 PMCID: PMC4937238 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.001815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is the extreme manifestation of peripheral artery disease, a major unmet clinical need for which lower limb amputation is the only option for many patients. After 2 decades in development, therapeutic angiogenesis has been tested clinically via intramuscular delivery of proangiogenic proteins, genes, and stem cells. Efficacy has been modest to absent, and the largest phase 3 trial of gene therapy for CLI reported a worsening trend of plasmid fibroblast growth factor. In all clinical trials to date, gene therapy has used unregulated vectors with limited duration of expression. Only unregulated extended expression vectors such as adeno‐associated virus (AAV) and lentivirus have been tested in preclinical models. Methods and Results We present preclinical results of ischemia (hypoxia)‐regulated conditionally silenced (CS) AAV–human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF) gene delivery that shows efficacy and safety in a setting where other strategies fail. In a BALB/c mouse model of CLI, we show that gene therapy with AAV‐CS‐hVEGF, but not unregulated AAV or plasmid, vectors conferred limb salvage, protection from necrosis, and vascular regeneration when delivered via intramuscular or intra‐arterial routes. All vector treatments conferred increased capillary density, but organized longitudinal arteries were selectively generated by AAV‐CS‐hVEGF. AAV‐CS‐hVEGF therapy reversibly activated angiogenic and vasculogenic genes, including Notch,SDF1, Angiopoietin, and Ephrin‐B2. Reoxygenation extinguished VEGF expression and inactivated the program with no apparent adverse side effects. Conclusions Restriction of angiogenic growth factor expression to regions of ischemia supports the safe and stable reperfusion of hindlimbs in a clinically relevant murine model of CLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Boden
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Roberta Marques Lassance-Soares
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Huilan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Yuntao Wei
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Maria-Grazia Spiga
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Jennipher Adi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Hans Layman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Hong Yu
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Roberto I Vazquez-Padron
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Fotios Andreopoulos
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Hu X, Chen P, Wu Y, Wang K, Xu Y, Chen H, Zhang L, Wu R, Webster KA, Yu H, Zhu W, Wang J. MiR-211/STAT5A Signaling Modulates Migration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Improve its Therapeutic Efficacy. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1846-58. [PMID: 27145179 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation were improved by enhancing migration. MicroRNA-211 (miR-211) can modulate the migratory properties of some cell types by mechanisms that are not fully understood. This study was designed to investigate a possible role for miR-211 in MSC migration, and whether genetic manipulation of miR-211 in MSCs could be used to enhance its beneficial effects of cell transplantation. Transwell assays confirmed that MSCs migration of was significantly impaired by miR-211 knockdown but enhanced by miR-211 overexpression. MiR-211 overexpressing MSCs also exhibited significantly increased cell engraftment in the peri-infarct areas of female rat hearts 2 days after intravenous transplantation of male MSCs as shown by GFP tracking and SYR gene quantification. This conferred a significant decrease in infarct size and improved cardiac performance. By using a loss or gain of gene function approach, we demonstrated that miR-211 targeted STAT5A to modulate MSCs migration, possibly by interacting with MAPK signaling. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of miR-211 overexpression in MSCs were abolished by simultaneous overexpression of STAT5A whereas the negative effects of miR-211 silencing on MSC migration were rescued by simultaneous downregulation of STAT5A. Finally, using ChIP-PCR and luciferase assays, we provide novel evidence that STAT3 can directly bind to promoter elements that activate miR-211 expression. STAT3/miR-211/STAT5A signaling plays a key role in MSCs migration. Intravenous infusion of genetically modified miR-211 overexpressing MSCs conveys enhanced protection from adverse post-MI remodeling compared with unmodified MSCs. Stem Cells 2016;34:1846-1858.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinchuan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Ma Q, Xia X, Tao Q, Lu K, Shen J, Xu Q, Hu X, Tang Y, Block NL, Webster KA, Schally AV, Wang J, Yu H. Profound Actions of an Agonist of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone on Angiogenic Therapy by Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:663-672. [PMID: 26868211 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The efficiency of cell therapy is limited by poor cell survival and engraftment. Here, we studied the effect of the growth hormone-releasing hormone agonist, JI-34, on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) survival and angiogenic therapy in a mouse model of critical limb ischemia. APPROACH AND RESULTS Mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs were incubated with or without 10(-8) mol/L JI-34 for 24 hours. MSCs were then exposed to hypoxia and serum deprivation to detect the effect of preconditioning on cell apoptosis, migration, and tube formation. For in vivo tests, critical limb ischemia was induced by femoral artery ligation. After surgery, mice received 50 μL phosphate-buffered saline or with 1×10(6) MSCs or with 1×10(6) JI-34-reconditioned MSCs. Treatment of MSCs with JI-34 improved MSC viability and mobility and markedly enhanced their capability to promote endothelial tube formation in vitro. These effects were paralleled by an increased phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. In vivo, JI-34 pretreatment enhanced the engraftment of MSCs into ischemic hindlimb muscles and augmented reperfusion and limb salvage compared with untreated MSCs. Significantly more vasculature and proliferating CD31(+) and CD34(+) cells were detected in ischemic muscles that received MSCs treated with JI-34. CONCLUSIONS Our studies demonstrate a novel role for JI-34 to markedly improve therapeutic angiogenesis in hindlimb ischemia by increasing the viability and mobility of MSCs. These findings support additional studies to explore the full potential of growth hormone-releasing hormone agonists to augment cell therapy in the management of ischemia.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
- Animals
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/agonists
- Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives
- Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/metabolism
- Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology
- Hindlimb
- Ischemia/metabolism
- Ischemia/physiopathology
- Ischemia/therapy
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/drug effects
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- Phosphorylation
- Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/agonists
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/metabolism
- Receptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating Hormone/agonists
- Receptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating Hormone/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Time Factors
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Graham RM, Thompson JW, Webster KA. BNIP3 promotes calcium and calpain-dependent cell death. Life Sci 2015; 142:26-35. [PMID: 26471219 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Loss of cardiac muscle by programmed cell death contributes to the progression of ischemic heart disease. Hypoxia, metabolite waste buildup and energy depletion are components of ischemia which may initiate caspase dependent and independent cell death pathways. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that combined hypoxia with acidosis, a hallmark of ischemia promotes cardiac myocyte injury with increasing severity as the pH declines. Hypoxia-acidosis was demonstrated to activate the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein BNIP3 which initiated opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cell death in the absence of caspase activation. Because calpains are known to contribute to ischemic myocardial damage in some models, we hypothesized that they are intermediates in the BNIP3-mediated death caused by hypoxia-acidosis. MAIN METHODS Neonatal rat cardiac myocytes were subjected to hypoxia with and without acidosis and the contribution of calpains to hypoxia-acidosis cell death determined. KEY FINDINGS Here we report that the death pathway activated by hypoxia-acidosis is driven by a combination of calcium-activated calpains and pro-death factors (DNases) secreted by the mitochondria. Cytochrome c accumulated in the cytoplasm during hypoxia-acidosis but caspase activity was repressed through a calpain-dependent process that prevents the cleavage of procaspase 3. Calpain inhibitors provide vigorous protection against hypoxia-acidosis-induced programmed death. Knockdown of BNIP3 with siRNA prevented calpain activation confirming a central role of BNIP3 in this pathway. SIGNIFICANCE The results implicate BNIP3 and calpain as dependent components of cardiac myocyte death caused by hypoxia-acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina M Graham
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - John W Thompson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
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Webster KA, Vincent L, Docherty CA. 56 Peak plantar pressures during walking in chronic ankle instability and healthy patients. Br J Sports Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095573.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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36
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Adi N, Adi J, Cesar L, Kurlansky P, Agatston A, Webster KA. Role of Micro RNA-205 in Promoting Visceral Adiposity of NZ10 Mice with Polygenic Susceptibility for Type 2 Diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 6. [PMID: 26664929 PMCID: PMC4671289 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6156.1000574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE To characterize diet-dependent miRNA profiles and their targets in the visceral adipose of mice with polygenic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS Six-week NONcNZO10/LtJ (NZ10) and control SWR/J mice were subjected to high protein-fish oil or control diets for 19 weeks and micro-RNA microarray analyses were implemented on visceral adipose RNA. We found that 27 miRNAs were significantly induced and 10 significantly repressed in the VA of obese NZ10 mice compared with controls. 12 selected regulated miRNAs were confirmed by RT-PCR based on the microarray data and we demonstrated that the expression of these miRNAs remained unaltered in the VA of control SWR mice. To assess the possible functional roles of miRNAs in adipogenesis, we also analyzed their expression in 3T3-L1 cells during growth and differentiation. This revealed that suppression of miRNA-205 alone correlated selectively with increased cell proliferation and lipid formation of adipocytes. CONCLUSION Diet and genetics control the expression of obesity-regulated miRNAs in the visceral adipose of NZ10 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Adi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA ; Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jennipher Adi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA ; Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Liliana Cesar
- Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA ; Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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37
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Hu X, Zhang L, Jin J, Zhu W, Xu Y, Wu Y, Wang Y, Chen H, Webster KA, Chen H, Yu H, Wang J. Heparanase released from mesenchymal stem cells activates integrin beta1/HIF-2alpha/Flk-1 signaling and promotes endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. Stem Cells 2015; 33:1850-1862. [PMID: 25754303 PMCID: PMC5108061 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Heparanase plays important roles in tumor angiogenesis. Our previous study demonstrated that hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) enhanced the angiogenic and therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), effects that were paralleled by enhanced heparanase expression. This study was designed to elucidate the role of heparanase in the improved therapeutic properties of HPC-MSCs and to explore underlying mechanisms using an ischemic rat hind limb model. MSCs transfected with heparanase (MSC(hpa) ) or empty vector (MSC(null) ) were delivered by intramuscular injections to ischemic hind limbs. Hind limbs that received MSC(hpa) recovered blood flow more rapidly at 7 days and acquired higher capillary density at 14 days compared with MSC(null) . Conditioned medium from MSC(hpa) increased endothelial cell migration and promoted greater tube formation relative to that from the MSC(null) groups. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2, Flk-1) and its downstream signaling pathway (p38MAPK/HSP27) were significantly increased in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after treatment with MSC(hpa) conditioned medium. Each of these responses was decreased by cocultured with MSC(hpa-KD) conditioned medium. MSC(hpa) conditioned medium activated hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) and increased in parallel the transcript level of Flk-1 as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR and luciferase assays. Analyses of integrin expression revealed an important role for integrin β1 in the regulation of HIF-2α. All angiogenic effects of MSC(hpa) conditioned medium were abolished by knockdown of integrin β1, HIF-2α, and Flk-1 in HUVECs with selective shRNAs. These findings identify heparanse as a key regulator of angiogenesis by MSCs. We propose a novel pathway wherein heparanse sequentially activates integrin β1, HIF-2α, Flk-1, and p38MAPK/HSP27 with corresponding enhancement of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinchuan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Huiqiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian’an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Hu X, Wu R, Jiang Z, Wang L, Chen P, Zhang L, Yang L, Wu Y, Chen H, Chen H, Xu Y, Zhou Y, Huang X, Webster KA, Yu H, Wang J. Leptin signaling is required for augmented therapeutic properties of mesenchymal stem cells conferred by hypoxia preconditioning. Stem Cells 2015; 32:2702-13. [PMID: 24989835 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia preconditioning enhances the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the mechanism underlying hypoxia-induced augmentation of the protective effect of MSCs on myocardial infarction (MI) is poorly understood. We show that hypoxia-enhanced survival, mobility, and protection of cocultured cardiomyocytes were paralleled by increased expression of leptin and cell surface receptor CXCR4. The enhanced activities were abolished by either knockdown of leptin with a selective shRNA or by genetic deficiency of leptin or its receptor in MSCs derived, respectively, from ob/ob or db/db mice. To characterize the role of leptin in the regulation of MSC functions by hypoxia and its possible contribution to enhanced therapeutic efficacy, cell therapy using MSCs derived from wild-type, ob/ob, or db/db mice was implemented in mouse models of acute MI. Augmented protection by hypoxia pretreatment was only seen with MSCs from wild-type mice. Parameters that were differentially affected by hypoxia pretreatment included MSC engraftment, c-Kit(+) cell recruitment to the infarct, vascular density, infarct size, and long-term contractile function. These data show that leptin signaling is an early and essential step for the enhanced survival, chemotaxis, and therapeutic properties of MSCs conferred by preculture under hypoxia. Leptin may play a physiological role in priming MSCs resident in the bone marrow endosteum for optimal response to systemic signaling molecules and subsequent tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Graham RM, Thompson JW, Webster KA. Inhibition of the vacuolar ATPase induces Bnip3-dependent death of cancer cells and a reduction in tumor burden and metastasis. Oncotarget 2015; 5:1162-73. [PMID: 24811485 PMCID: PMC4012732 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The pro-apoptotic protein Bnip3 is induced by hypoxia and is present in the core regions of most solid tumors. Bnip3 induces programmed necrosis by an intrinsic caspase independent mitochondrial pathway. Many tumor cells have evolved pathways to evade Bnip3-mediated death attesting to the physiological relevance of the survival threat imposed by Bnip3. We have reported that acidosis can trigger the Bnip3 death pathway in hypoxic cells therefore we hypothesized that manipulation of intracellular pH by pharmacological inhibition of the vacuolar (v)ATPase proton pump, a significant pH control pathway, may activate Bnip3 and promote death of hypoxic cells within the tumor. Here we confirm that bafilomycin A1 (BafA1), a selective vATPase inhibitor, significantly increased death of breast cancer cells in a hypoxia and Bnip3-dependent manner and significantly reduced tumor growth in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 mouse xenografts. Combined treatment of cells with BafA1 and the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 further augmented cell death. Combined treatment of mice containing MDA-MB-231 xenografts with BafA1 and the ERK1/2 inhibitor sorafenib was superior to either treatment alone and supported tumor regression. BafA1 and sorafenib treatments alone reduced MDA-MB-231 cell metastasis and again the combination was significantly more effective than either treatment alone and was without apparent side effects. These results present a novel mechanism to destroy hypoxic tumor cells that may help reverse the resistance of hypoxic tumors to radiation and chemotherapy and perhaps target tumor stem cells.
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Hu X, Wu R, Shehadeh LA, Zhou Q, Jiang C, Huang X, Zhang L, Gao F, Liu X, Yu H, Webster KA, Wang J. Severe hypoxia exerts parallel and cell-specific regulation of gene expression and alternative splicing in human mesenchymal stem cells. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:303. [PMID: 24758227 PMCID: PMC4234502 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endosteum of the bone marrow provides a specialized hypoxic niche that may serve to preserve the integrity, pluripotency, longevity and stemness of resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). To explore the molecular genetic consequences of such a niche we subjected human (h) MSCs to a pO2 of 4 mmHg and analyzed global gene expression and alternative splicing (AS) by genome-exon microarray and RT-qPCR, and phenotype by western blot and immunostaining. RESULTS Out of 446 genes differentially regulated by >2.5-fold, down-regulated genes outnumbered up-regulated genes by 243:203. Exon analyses revealed 60 hypoxia-regulated AS events with splice indices (SI) >1.0 from 53 genes and a correlation between high SI and degree of transcript regulation. Parallel analyses of a publicly available AS study on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) showed that there was a strong cell-specific component with only 11 genes commonly regulated in hMSCs and HUVECs and 17 common differentially spliced genes. Only 3 genes were differentially responsive to hypoxia at the gene (>2.0) and AS levels in both cell types. Functional assignments revealed unique profiles of gene expression with complex regulation of differentiation, extracellular matrix, intermediate filament and metabolic marker genes. Antioxidant genes, striated muscle genes and insulin/IGF-1 signaling intermediates were down-regulated. There was a coordinate induction of 9 out of 12 acidic keratins that along with other epithelial and cell adhesion markers implies a partial mesenchymal to epithelial transition. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that severe hypoxia confers a quiescent phenotype in hMSCs that is reflected by both the transcriptome profile and gene-specific changes of splicosome actions. The results reveal that severe hypoxia imposes markedly different patterns of gene regulation of MSCs compared with more moderate hypoxia. This is the first study to report hypoxia-regulation of AS in stem/progenitor cells and the first molecular genetic characterization of MSC in a hypoxia-induced quiescent immobile state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Keith A Webster
- Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, P,R, China.
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Jiang Z, Hu X, Yu H, Xu Y, Wang L, Chen H, Chen H, Wu R, Zhang Z, Xiang C, Webster KA, Wang JA. Human endometrial stem cells confer enhanced myocardial salvage and regeneration by paracrine mechanisms. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 17:1247-60. [PMID: 23837896 PMCID: PMC3843975 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human endometrial stem cells (EnSCs) have the potential to be 'off the shelf' clinical reagents for the treatment of heart failure. Here, using an immunocompetent rat model of myocardial infarction (MI), we provide evidence that the functional benefits of EnSC transplantation are principally and possibly exclusively through a paracrine effect. Human EnSCs were delivered by intramyocardial injection into rats 30 min. after coronary ligation. EnSC therapy significantly preserved viable myocardium in the infarct zone and improved cardiac function at 28 days. Despite increased viable myocardium and vascular density, there was scant evidence of differentiation of EnSCs into any cardiovascular cell type. Cultured human EnSCs expressed a distinctive profile of cytokines that enhanced the survival, proliferation and function of endothelial cells in vitro. When injected into the peri-infarct zone, human EnSCs activated AKT, ERK1/2 and STAT3 and inhibited the p38 signalling pathway. EnSC therapy decreased apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation and c-kit+ cell recruitment in vivo. Myocardial protection and enhanced post-infarction regeneration by EnSCs is mediated primarily by paracrine effects conferred by secreted cytokines that activate survival pathways and recruit endogenous progenitor stem cells. Menstrual blood provides a potentially limitless source of biologically competent 'off the shelf' EnSCs for allogeneic myocardial regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Webster KA. Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and cell death during myocardial infarction: roles of calcium and reactive oxygen species. Future Cardiol 2013; 8:863-84. [PMID: 23176689 DOI: 10.2217/fca.12.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytosolic calcium accumulation play major roles in the initiation of programmed cell death during acute myocardial infarction. Cell death may include necrosis, apoptosis and autophagy, and combinations thereof. During ischemia, calcium handling between the sarcoplasmic reticulum and myofilament is disrupted and calcium is diverted to the mitochondria causing swelling. Reperfusion, while essential for survival, reactivates energy transduction and contractility and causes the release of ROS and additional ionic imbalance. During acute ischemia-reperfusion, the principal death pathways are programmed necrosis and apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway, initiated by the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and outer mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, respectively. Despite intense investigation, the mechanisms of action and modes of regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization are incompletely understood. Extrinsic apoptosis, necroptosis and autophagy may also contribute to ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this review, the roles of dysregulated calcium and ROS and the contributions of Bcl-2 proteins, as well as mitochondrial morphology in promoting mitochondrial membrane permeability change and the ensuing cell death during myocardial infarction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Webster
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Medical Center, FL 33101, USA.
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Song L, Duque JC, Pena A, Shehadeh L, Webster KA, Pham SM, Vazquez-Padron RI. Abstract 364: Loss Of Systemic C-kit Function Determines Atherosclerosis Burden In Hyperlipidemic Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.33.suppl_1.a364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction
C-kit is one of the most important tyrosine kinase receptors dynamically regulated in healthy and diseased blood vessels. However, whether c-Kit signaling is beneficial or detrimental to the vasculature remains elusive. This study assesses the impact of the loss of c-Kit in somatic and circulatory cells on atherosclerosis.
Methods and Results
c-Kit expression was abundant in human aortas as determined by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence (IF) confocal microscopy. The vascular expression of this receptor varied among patients and tended to decrease in atherosclerotic arteries. Interestingly, in the murine aorta from a c-Kit reporter mouse, GFP was only found in a sub fraction of quiescent VSMC that reside just below the endothelium. c-Kit deficiency favored VSMC proliferation when aortic explants from c-Kit mutant (W/Wv) and wild type (WT) mice were simultaneously placed in a tissue culture system (cells per well: 1337 ± 167 vs. 696 ± 108, p= 0.0123). To measure the contribution of c-Kit signaling to atherosclerosis disease in ApoE KO mice, we fed ApoE KO mice carrying the c-Kit mutant alleles W and Wv with a high-cholesterol diet for 16 weeks. The atherosclerosis plaque burden in these mice was 2.5 greater than in control ApoE KO kit
+/+
mice (affected proportion of the aorta: 0.25 ± 0.03 vs.0.104 ± 0.01, p= 0.0002). Finally, we rescued lethally irradiated ApoE KO W/Wv and control ApoE KO kit
+/+
mice with ApoE KO kit
+/+
bone marrow (BM) cells to determine how the lack of c-Kit activity in BM-derived cells modifies atherosclerosis. While BM transplantation ameliorated most of the hematopoietic defects in the ApoE W/Wv recipients, it had little or no effect on preventing atherosclerotic disease development (affected proportion of the aorta: 0.09 ± 0.01 vs.0.05 ± 0.007, p= 0.03).
Conclusion
Our results demonstrate for the first time that somatic c-Kit-positive cells may confer protection against atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Song
- Surgery, Univ of Miami, Miami, FL
| | | | | | | | - Keith A Webster
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Univ of Miami, Miami, FL
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Graham RM, Singh J, Webster KA, Vanni S. Abstract 2177: A novel role for sirtuins in modulating ER stress: implications for neuroblastoma therapy. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-2177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are NAD+ dependent deacetylases, which play an important role in cancer cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy. SIRT1, the most studied sirtuin, is overexpressed in many drug resistant cancers including neuroblastoma. SIRTs mediate cellular processes by deacetylating histone and non-histone proteins including those involved in the oxidative stress response, DNA repair and apoptosis. Here we define a novel role for Sirts in modulating the unfolded protein response (UPR) and cell survival following endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Cellular stresses such as hypoxia, nutrient deprivation and chemotherapy can reduce the protein folding capacity of the ER leading to the accumulation of unfolded proteins which triggers activation of the UPR. The UPR is an adaptive mechanism that functions to restore ER and cellular homeostasis and as such plays a key role in cancer cell survival and tumor growth.
To induce ER stress we exposed neuroblastoma cell lines NB1691, SK-N-BE2 and SH-SY5Y to the glucose analog, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG). In addition to inhibiting glycolysis, 2-DG has been shown to activate the UPR by interfering with N-linked glycosylation and proper protein folding. 2-DG (2mM) induced the UPR markers grp78, grp94 and CHOP as determined by western blot analysis. Treatment of neuroblastoma cell lines with the SIRT inhibitor, sirtinol (50μM), blocked the induction of grp78 by 2-DG, attenuated grp94 and increased CHOP. Recently it has been shown that activation of SIRT1 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) exerts similar effects and may regulate the activity of each other. AMPK can increase the transcription of the NAD+ biosynthetic enzyme Nampt, which in turn increases the NAD+/NADH ratio We found that 2-DG induced rapid activation of AMPK, as indicated by robust induction of phospho-ACC (serine 79) and inhibition of AMPK with compound C prevented grp78 induction by 2-DG. To determine if this effect of SIRT inhibition on grp78 induction was unique to 2-DG, we also treated neuroblastoma cells with the ER stressors velcade (bortezomib) and the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor, thapsigargin. Inhibiting SIRTs significantly decreased the induction of grp78 and enhanced CHOP levels. Furthermore, sirtinol significantly increased 2-DG, velcade, and thapsigargin induced cell death as determined by MTS assay.
The UPR promotes cancer cell survival in response to cellular stressors including chemotherapy. Therapeutic targeting of the UPR is a novel anti-cancer approach. Inhibiting the activity of SIRTs modulates the UPR in neuroblastoma and represents an innovative way to enhance the effect of chemotherapy in a cancer with minimal survival.
Citation Format: Regina M. Graham, Jayanti Singh, Keith A. Webster, Steven Vanni. A novel role for sirtuins in modulating ER stress: implications for neuroblastoma therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2177. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2177
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Steven Vanni
- Univ. of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
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Shi H, Chen L, Wang H, Zhu S, Dong C, Webster KA, Wei J. Synergistic induction of miR-126 by hypoxia and HDAC inhibitors in cardiac myocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012. [PMID: 23201405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
HDAC inhibitors are under clinical development for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and heart failure although the mechanisms of protection are incompletely understood. Micro-RNA 126, an endothelium-specific miR has been assigned essential developmental roles in the heart by activating survival kinases ERK1/2 and Akt and increasing pro-angiogenic signaling. Here we provide the first evidence that hypoxia and HDAC inhibitors selectively and synergistically stimulate expression of miR-126 in cardiac myocytes. MiR-126 expression was increased 1.7-fold (p<0.05) after 1h of hypoxic exposure and this was further enhanced to 3.0-fold (p<0.01) by simultaneously blocking HDAC with the pan-HDAC inhibitor Tricostatin A (TSA). TSA alone did not increase miR-126. In parallel, hypoxia and TSA synergistically increased p-ERK and p-Akt without effecting VEGF-A level. Knockdown of miR-126 with si-RNA eliminated inductions of p-ERK and p-Akt by hypoxia, whereas miR-126 overexpression mimicked hypoxia and amplified p-ERK and p-Akt in parallel with miR-126. The results suggest that miR-126 is a hypoxia-inducible target of HAT/HDAC and its activation in cardiac myocytes may contribute to cardioprotection by activating cell survival and pro-angiogenic pathways selectively during ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaping Shi
- Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Zhejiang, China
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Adi N, Adi J, Cesar L, Agatston A, Kurlansky P, Webster KA. Influence of diet on visceral adipose remodeling in NONcNZO10 mice with polygenic susceptibility for type 2 diabetes. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2012; 20:2142-6. [PMID: 22858798 PMCID: PMC3458149 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2012.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a source of inflammatory cytokines that in obese subjects may contribute to low-level systemic inflammation and development of metabolic syndrome. Expansion of VAT involves adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy and requires breakdown of the extracellular matrix and increased vascular outgrowth. To investigate changes of gene expression associated with VAT expansion and the role of combined genetics and diet, we implemented gene microarray analyses of VAT in NONcNZO10 (NZ10) and control SWR/J mice subjected to control chow (CD) or a diet of high protein and fish oil (HPO). NZ10 mice on CD showed increased body weight, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia at 25 weeks whereas those on HPO diet retained normal insulin levels and were normoglycemic. Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between diet and strain on blood glucose, serum insulin, and percent fat but not for body weight. Microarray heat maps revealed a remarkable combined effect of genetics and diet on genes that regulate extracellular matrix as well as angiogenic genes. Real time-PCR (RT-PCR) confirmed markedly increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 3, 11, and 12, vascular endothelial growth factor-A and C (VEGF-A and C), Von Willebrand Factor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) selectively in the NZ10/CD group. MMP7 was significantly decreased. Protein levels of MMP2, 3, and 9 were significantly increased in the VA of NZ10 mice fed CD while those of MMP7 were downregulated. Microarrays also revealed diet-dependent two to fourfold increased expression of all four tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) isoforms in NZ10 mice. Two-way ANOVA confirmed strongly interactive roles of diet and genetics on fat deposition and progression of type 2 diabetes in this polygenic mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Adi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
- Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Jennipher Adi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
- Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Liliana Cesar
- Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | | | | | - Keith A. Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
- Vascular Biology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
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Thompson JW, Graham RM, Webster KA. DNase activation by hypoxia-acidosis parallels but is independent of programmed cell death. Life Sci 2012; 91:223-9. [PMID: 22525374 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoxia, acidosis and programmed cell death are each hallmarks of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We previously described a death pathway of cardiac myocytes mediated by hypoxia-acidosis that was characterized by activation of the Bcl2-family protein Bnip3 and programmed necrosis. The pathway included extensive DNA fragmentation that was sensitive to inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and calpain inhibitors, but not caspase inhibitors. We did not identify the DNases responsible for DNA cleavage. MAIN METHODS Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypoxia with and without concurrent acidosis, and the cellular localization of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), DNase II and caspase-dependent DNase (CAD) were determined. KEY FINDINGS Here we report the occurrence of biphasic pH-dependent translocations of AIF and DNase II but no change in CAD or its inhibitor ICAD. AIF co-localized with the mitochondria under aerobic and hypoxia-neutral conditions but translocated to the nucleus at pH ~6.7 coincident with a decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential. DNase II co-localized with lysosomes under normoxia and hypoxia-neutral conditions, and translocated to the nucleus at pH ~6.1 coincident with the appearance of single strand DNA cuts. Inhibition of the mPTP pore with BH4-TAT peptide, calpain inhibition with PD150606, or knockdown (KD) of Bnip3 failed to prevent nuclear translocation of these DNase although Bnip3 KD blocked mitochondrial fission. SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that caspase-independent DNA fragmentation is precisely regulated and occurs in parallel but independently from programmed necrosis mediated by hypoxia-acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Thompson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology and the Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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48
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Chopra I, Li HF, Wang H, Webster KA. Phosphorylation of the insulin receptor by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) promotes ligand-independent activation of the insulin signalling pathway in rodent muscle. Diabetologia 2012; 55:783-94. [PMID: 22207502 PMCID: PMC4648248 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Muscle may experience hypoglycaemia during ischaemia or insulin infusion. During severe hypoglycaemia energy production is blocked, and an increase of AMP:ATP activates the energy sensor and putative insulin-sensitiser AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK promotes energy conservation and survival by shutting down anabolism and activating catabolic pathways. We investigated the molecular mechanism of a unique glucose stress defence pathway involving AMPK-dependent, insulin-independent activation of the insulin signalling pathway. METHODS Cardiac or skeletal myocytes were subjected to glucose and insulin-free incubation for increasing intervals up to 20 h. AMPK, and components of the insulin signalling pathway and their targets were quantified by western blot using phosphor-specific antibodies. Phosphomimetics were used to determine the function of IRS-1 Ser789 phosphorylation and in vitro [³²P]ATP kinase assays were used to measure the phosphorylation of the purified insulin receptor by AMPK. RESULTS Glucose deprivation increased Akt-Thr308 and Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation by almost tenfold. Phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta increased in parallel, but phosphorylation of ribosomal 70S subunit-S6 protein kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin decreased. AMPK inhibitors blocked and aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) mimicked the effects of glucose starvation. Glucose deprivation increased the phosphorylation of IRS-1 on serine-789, but phosphomimetics revealed that this conferred negative regulation. Glucose deprivation enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and the insulin receptor, effects that were blocked by AMPK inhibition and mimicked by AICAR. In vitro kinase assays using purified proteins confirmed that the insulin receptor is a direct target of AMPK. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION AMPK phosphorylates and activates the insulin receptor, providing a direct link between AMPK and the insulin signalling pathway; this pathway promotes energy conservation and survival of muscle exposed to severe glucose deprivation.
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MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Cells, Cultured
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Hypoglycemia/metabolism
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/genetics
- Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/metabolism
- Ligands
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Mutant Proteins/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational/drug effects
- Rats
- Receptor, Insulin/isolation & purification
- Receptor, Insulin/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- I Chopra
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave, RMSB 6038, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Shao H, Xu Q, Wu Q, Ma Q, Salgueiro L, Wang J, Eton D, Webster KA, Yu H. Defective CXCR4 expression in aged bone marrow cells impairs vascular regeneration. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 15:2046-56. [PMID: 21143386 PMCID: PMC3076550 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01231.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) plays a critical role in mobilizing precursor cells in the bone marrow and is essential for efficient vascular regeneration and repair. We recently reported that calcium augments the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and enhances the angiogenic potential of bone marrow derived cells (BMCs). Neovascularization is impaired by aging therefore we suggested that aging may cause defects of CXCR4 expression and cellular responses to calcium. Indeed we found that both the basal and calcium-induced surface expression of CXCR4 on BMCs was significantly reduced in 25-month-old mice compared with 2-month-old mice. Reduced Ca-induced CXCR4 expression in BMC from aged mice was associated with defective calcium influx. Diminished CXCR4 surface expression in BMC from aged mice correlated with diminished neovascularization in an ischemic hindlimb model with less accumulation of CD34+ progenitor cells in the ischemic muscle with or without local overexpression of SDF-1. Intravenous injection of BMCs from old mice homed less efficiently to ischemic muscle and stimulated significantly less neovascularization compared with the BMCs from young mice. Transplantation of old BMCs into young mice did not reconstitute CXCR4 functions suggesting that the defects were not reversible by changing the environment. We conclude that defects of basal and calcium-regulated functions of the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis in BMCs contribute significantly to the age-related loss of vasculogenic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Shao
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Shehadeh LA, Webster KA, Hare JM, Vazquez-Padron RI. Dynamic regulation of vascular myosin light chain (MYL9) with injury and aging. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25855. [PMID: 22003410 PMCID: PMC3189218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging-associated changes in the cardiovascular system increase the risk for disease development and lead to profound alterations in vascular reactivity and stiffness. Elucidating the molecular response of arteries to injury and age will help understand the exaggerated remodeling of aging vessels. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We studied the gene expression profile in a model of mechanical vascular injury in the iliac artery of aging (22 months old) and young rats (4 months old). We investigated aging-related variations in gene expression at 30 min, 3 d and 7 d post injury. We found that the Myosin Light Chain gene (MYL9) was the only gene differentially expressed in the aged versus young injured arteries at all time points studied, peaking at day 3 after injury (4.6 fold upregulation (p<0.05) in the smooth muscle cell layers. We confirmed this finding on an aging aortic microarray experiment available through NCBI's GEO database. We found that Myl9 was consistently upregulated with age in healthy rat aortas. To determine the arterial localization of Myl9 with age and injury, we performed immunohistochemistry for Myl9 in rat iliac arteries and found that in healthy and injured (30 days post injury) arteries, Myl9 expression increased with age in the endothelial layers. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The consistent upregulation of the myosin light chain protein (Myl9) with age and injury in arterial tissue draws attention to the increased vascular permeability and to the age-caused predisposition to arterial constriction after balloon angioplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina A. Shehadeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LAS); (RIV-P)
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Joshua M. Hare
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Roberto I. Vazquez-Padron
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LAS); (RIV-P)
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