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Ivkovic T, Culafic T, Tepavcevic S, Romic S, Stojiljkovic M, Kostic M, Stanisic J, Koricanac G. Cholecalciferol ameliorates insulin signalling and insulin regulation of enzymes involved in glucose metabolism in the rat heart. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:196-204. [PMID: 34758675 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.2001020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The evidence on potential cross-talk of vitamin D and insulin in the regulation of cardiac metabolism is very scanty. OBJECTIVE Cholecalciferol was administered to male Wistar rats for six weeks to study its effects on cardiac glucose metabolism regulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS An expression, phosphorylation and/or subcellular localisation of insulin signalling molecules, glucose transport and metabolism key proteins were studied. RESULTS Circulating non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) level was lower after cholecalciferol administration. Cholecalciferol decreased cardiac insulin receptor substrate 1 Ser307 phosphorylation, while insulin-stimulated Akt Thr308 phosphorylation was increased. Cardiac 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase protein, hexokinase 2 mRNA level and insulin-stimulated glycogen synthase kinase 3β Ser9 phosphorylation were also increased. Finally, FOXO1 transcription factor cytosolic level was reduced. CONCLUSION Vitamin D-related improvement of insulin signalling and insulin regulation of glucose metabolism in the rat heart is accompanied by the decrease of blood NEFA level and dysregulation of cardiac FOXO1 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Ivkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Culafic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snezana Tepavcevic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snjezana Romic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mojca Stojiljkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Kostic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Stanisic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran Koricanac
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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2
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An W, Hall C, Li J, Hung A, Wu J, Park J, Wang L, Bai XC, Choi E. Activation of the insulin receptor by insulin-like growth factor 2. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2609. [PMID: 38521788 PMCID: PMC10960814 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin receptor (IR) controls growth and metabolism. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) has different binding properties on two IR isoforms, mimicking insulin's function. However, the molecular mechanism underlying IGF2-induced IR activation remains unclear. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of full-length human long isoform IR (IR-B) in both the inactive and IGF2-bound active states, and short isoform IR (IR-A) in the IGF2-bound active state. Under saturated IGF2 concentrations, both the IR-A and IR-B adopt predominantly asymmetric conformations with two or three IGF2s bound at site-1 and site-2, which differs from that insulin saturated IR forms an exclusively T-shaped symmetric conformation. IGF2 exhibits a relatively weak binding to IR site-2 compared to insulin, making it less potent in promoting full IR activation. Cell-based experiments validated the functional importance of IGF2 binding to two distinct binding sites in optimal IR signaling and trafficking. In the inactive state, the C-terminus of α-CT of IR-B contacts FnIII-2 domain of the same protomer, hindering its threading into the C-loop of IGF2, thus reducing the association rate of IGF2 with IR-B. Collectively, our studies demonstrate the activation mechanism of IR by IGF2 and reveal the molecular basis underlying the different affinity of IGF2 to IR-A and IR-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong An
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Catherine Hall
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Albert Hung
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jiayi Wu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Junhee Park
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Xiao-Chen Bai
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Eunhee Choi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Sekine Y, Kikkawa K, Honda S, Sasaki Y, Kawahara S, Mizushima A, Togi S, Fujimuro M, Oritani K, Matsuda T. STAP-2 facilitates insulin signaling through binding to CAP/c-Cbl and regulates adipocyte differentiation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5799. [PMID: 38461189 PMCID: PMC10925025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56533-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Signal-transducing adaptor protein-2 (STAP-2) is an adaptor molecule involved in several cellular signaling cascades. Here, we attempted to identify novel STAP-2 interacting molecules, and identified c-Cbl associated protein (CAP) as a binding protein through the C-terminal proline-rich region of STAP-2. Expression of STAP-2 increased the interaction between CAP and c-Cbl, suggesting that STAP-2 bridges these proteins and enhances complex formation. CAP/c-Cbl complex is known to regulate GLUT4 translocation in insulin signaling. STAP-2 overexpressed human hepatocyte Hep3B cells showed enhanced GLUT4 translocation after insulin treatment. Elevated levels of Stap2 mRNA have been observed in 3T3-L1 cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) during adipocyte differentiation. The differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes was highly promoted by retroviral overexpression of STAP-2. In contrast, STAP-2 knockout (KO) MEFs exhibited suppressed adipogenesis. The increase in body weight with high-fat diet feeding was significantly decreased in STAP-2 KO mice compared to WT animals. These data suggest that the expression of STAP-2 correlates with adipogenesis. Thus, STAP-2 is a novel regulatory molecule that controls insulin signal transduction by forming a c-Cbl/STAP-2/CAP ternary complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Sekine
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan.
| | - Kazuna Kikkawa
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Sachie Honda
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Yuto Sasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shoya Kawahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Akihiro Mizushima
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Sumihito Togi
- Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujimuro
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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4
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Hees JT, Wanderoy S, Lindner J, Helms M, Murali Mahadevan H, Harbauer AB. Insulin signalling regulates Pink1 mRNA localization via modulation of AMPK activity to support PINK1 function in neurons. Nat Metab 2024; 6:514-530. [PMID: 38504131 PMCID: PMC10963278 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01007-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial quality control failure is frequently observed in neurodegenerative diseases. The detection of damaged mitochondria by stabilization of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) requires transport of Pink1 messenger RNA (mRNA) by tethering it to the mitochondrial surface. Here, we report that inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by activation of the insulin signalling cascade prevents Pink1 mRNA binding to mitochondria. Mechanistically, AMPK phosphorylates the RNA anchor complex subunit SYNJ2BP within its PDZ domain, a phosphorylation site that is necessary for its interaction with the RNA-binding protein SYNJ2. Notably, loss of mitochondrial Pink1 mRNA association upon insulin addition is required for PINK1 protein activation and its function as a ubiquitin kinase in the mitophagy pathway, thus placing PINK1 function under metabolic control. Induction of insulin resistance in vitro by the key genetic Alzheimer risk factor apolipoprotein E4 retains Pink1 mRNA at the mitochondria and prevents proper PINK1 activity, especially in neurites. Our results thus identify a metabolic switch controlling Pink1 mRNA localization and PINK1 activity via insulin and AMPK signalling in neurons and propose a mechanistic connection between insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tabitha Hees
- TUM Medical Graduate Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Simone Wanderoy
- TUM Medical Graduate Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jana Lindner
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Marlena Helms
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hariharan Murali Mahadevan
- TUM Medical Graduate Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Angelika B Harbauer
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Martinsried, Germany.
- Technical University of Munich, Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany.
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5
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Lee D, Yoon E, Ham SJ, Lee K, Jang H, Woo D, Lee DH, Kim S, Choi S, Chung J. Diabetic sensory neuropathy and insulin resistance are induced by loss of UCHL1 in Drosophila. Nat Commun 2024; 15:468. [PMID: 38212312 PMCID: PMC10784524 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44747-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic sensory neuropathy (DSN) is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D), however the molecular mechanistic association between T2D and DSN remains elusive. Here we identify ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), a deubiquitinase highly expressed in neurons, as a key molecule underlying T2D and DSN. Genetic ablation of UCHL1 leads to neuronal insulin resistance and T2D-related symptoms in Drosophila. Furthermore, loss of UCHL1 induces DSN-like phenotypes, including numbness to external noxious stimuli and axonal degeneration of sensory neurons in flies' legs. Conversely, UCHL1 overexpression improves DSN-like defects of T2D model flies. UCHL1 governs insulin signaling by deubiquitinating insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and antagonizes an E3 ligase of IRS1, Cullin 1 (CUL1). Consistent with these results, genetic and pharmacological suppression of CUL1 activity rescues T2D- and DSN-associated phenotypes. Therefore, our findings suggest a complete set of genetic factors explaining T2D and DSN, together with potential remedies for the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daewon Lee
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Yoon
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Ham
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunwoo Lee
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansaem Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Daihn Woo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hyun Lee
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyeon Kim
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sekyu Choi
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jongkyeong Chung
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Lei C, Wang J, Li X, Mao YY, Yan JQ. Changes of insulin receptors in high fat and high glucose diet mice with insulin resistance. Adipocyte 2023; 12:2264444. [PMID: 37830511 PMCID: PMC10578188 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2264444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to observe the expression of insulin-signaling molecules in different organs of mice with insulin resistance (IR). Firstly, mice were fed a high-fat and high-sugar diet (HF group) to establish an IR model, and the controls (NF group) were fed with a normal diet. Next, the weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin and insulin tolerance were detected. Pathological changes of liver tissues were observed by H&E staining. The expressions of INSR, IRS-1 and IRS-2 in the liver, skeletal muscle and ovary were measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting. As a result, compared with the NF group, the HF group mice had increased weight, FBG, insulin and IR index after 6-week of feeding as well as a worse performance in the insulin tolerance test and H&E staining showed fatty liver-like changes after 12-week of feeding, exhibited lower expression of INSR, IRS-1 and IRS-2 in the liver of mice at 6 and 12 weeks. The expression of INSR and IRS-1 in skeletal muscle tissues exhibited the same trend, while those in ovary organs showed the opposite trend. These results suggested that the insulin signaling alters in the liver, skeletal muscle and ovary organs with the progress of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lei
- Physiological Department, Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi’an, China
- Department of geriatrics and special needs, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Research Office, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of nutrition, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Mao
- Department of geriatrics and special needs, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jian-Qun Yan
- Physiological Department, Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi’an, China
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7
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Gamwell JM, Paphiti K, Hodson L, Karpe F, Pinnick KE, Todorčević M. An optimised protocol for the investigation of insulin signalling in a human cell culture model of adipogenesis. Adipocyte 2023; 12:2179339. [PMID: 36763512 PMCID: PMC9980465 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2179339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
While there is no standardized protocol for the differentiation of human adipocytes in culture, common themes exist in the use of supra-physiological glucose and hormone concentrations, and an absence of exogenous fatty acids. These factors can have detrimental effects on some aspects of adipogenesis and adipocyte function. Here, we present methods for modifying the adipogenic differentiation protocol to overcome impaired glucose uptake and insulin signalling in human adipose-derived stem cell lines derived from the stromal vascular fraction of abdominal and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue. By reducing the length of exposure to adipogenic hormones, in combination with a physiological glucose concentration (5 mM), and the provision of exogenous fatty acids (reflecting typical dietary fatty acids), we were able to restore early insulin signalling events and glucose uptake, which were impaired by extended use of hormones and a high glucose concentration, respectively. Furthermore, the addition of exogenous fatty acids greatly increased the storage of triglycerides and removed the artificial demand to synthesize all fatty acids by de novo lipogenesis. Thus, modifying the adipogenic cocktail can enhance functional aspects of human adipocytes in vitro and is an important variable to consider prior to in vitro investigations into adipocyte biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. Gamwell
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
| | - Keanu Paphiti
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
| | - Leanne Hodson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine E. Pinnick
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
| | - Marijana Todorčević
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, UK
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8
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Soeda K, Sasako T, Enooku K, Kubota N, Kobayashi N, Ikushima YM, Awazawa M, Bouchi R, Toda G, Yamada T, Nakatsuka T, Tateishi R, Kakiuchi M, Yamamoto S, Tatsuno K, Atarashi K, Suda W, Honda K, Aburatani H, Yamauchi T, Fujishiro M, Noda T, Koike K, Kadowaki T, Ueki K. Gut insulin action protects from hepatocarcinogenesis in diabetic mice comorbid with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6584. [PMID: 37852976 PMCID: PMC10584811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is known to increase the risk of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we treat male STAM (STelic Animal Model) mice, which develop diabetes, NASH and HCC associated with dysbiosis upon low-dose streptozotocin and high-fat diet (HFD), with insulin or phlorizin. Although both treatments ameliorate hyperglycemia and NASH, insulin treatment alone lead to suppression of HCC accompanied by improvement of dysbiosis and restoration of antimicrobial peptide production. There are some similarities in changes of microflora from insulin-treated patients comorbid with diabetes and NASH. Insulin treatment, however, fails to suppress HCC in the male STAM mice lacking insulin receptor specifically in intestinal epithelial cells (ieIRKO), which show dysbiosis and impaired gut barrier function. Furthermore, male ieIRKO mice are prone to develop HCC merely on HFD. These data suggest that impaired gut insulin signaling increases the risk of HCC, which can be countered by restoration of insulin action in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Soeda
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Sasako
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Enooku
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Matsumoto Ikushima
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoharu Awazawa
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Bouchi
- Diabetes and Metabolism Information Center, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gotaro Toda
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Nakatsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tateishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miwako Kakiuchi
- Genome Science Division, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Yamamoto
- Genome Science Division, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Tatsuno
- Genome Science Division, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Atarashi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenya Honda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuo Noda
- Department of Cell Biology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation of Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Diabetology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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9
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Yunn NO, Kim J, Ryu SH, Cho Y. A stepwise activation model for the insulin receptor. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2147-2161. [PMID: 37779149 PMCID: PMC10618199 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (IR) triggers a cascade of receptor conformational changes and autophosphorylation, leading to the activation of metabolic and mitogenic pathways. Recent advances in the structural and functional analyses of IR have revealed the conformations of the extracellular domains of the IR in inactive and fully activated states. However, the early activation mechanisms of this receptor remain poorly understood. The structures of partially activated IR in complex with aptamers provide clues for understanding the initial activation mechanism. In this review, we discuss the structural and functional features of IR complexed with various ligands and propose a model to explain the sequential activation mechanism. Moreover, we discuss the structures of IR complexed with biased agonists that selectively activate metabolic pathways and provide insights into the design of selective agonists and their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Oh Yunn
- Postech Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junhong Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Ryu
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunje Cho
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Gruschus JM, Morris DL, Tjandra N. Evidence of natural selection in the mitochondrial-derived peptides humanin and SHLP6. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14110. [PMID: 37644144 PMCID: PMC10465549 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial-derived peptides are encoded by mitochondrial DNA but have biological activity outside mitochondria. Eight of these are encoded by sequences within the mitochondrial 12S and 16S ribosomal genes: humanin, MOTS-c, and the six SHLP peptides, SHLP1-SHLP6. These peptides have various effects in cell culture and animal models, affecting neuroprotection, insulin sensitivity, and apoptosis, and some are secreted, potentially having extracellular signaling roles. However, except for humanin, their importance in normal cell function is unknown. To gauge their importance, their coding sequences in vertebrates have been analyzed for synonymous codon bias. Because they lie in RNA genes, such bias should only occur if their amino acids have been conserved to maintain biological function. Humanin and SHLP6 show strong synonymous codon bias and sequence conservation. In contrast, SHLP1, SHLP2, SHLP3, and SHLP5 show no significant bias and are poorly conserved. MOTS-c and SHLP4 also lack significant bias, but contain highly conserved N-terminal regions, and their biological importance cannot be ruled out. An additional potential mitochondrial-derived peptide sequence was discovered preceding SHLP2, named SHLP2b, which also contains a highly conserved N-terminal region with synonymous codon bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Gruschus
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, NHLBI, NIH, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Daniel L Morris
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, NHLBI, NIH, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nico Tjandra
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, NHLBI, NIH, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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11
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Infante-Menéndez J, López-Pastor AR, González-Illanes T, González-López P, Huertas-Lárez R, Rey E, González-Rodríguez Á, García-Monzón C, Patil NP, de Céniga MV, Baker AB, Gómez-Hernández A, Escribano O. Increased let-7d-5p in non-alcoholic fatty liver promotes insulin resistance and is a potential blood biomarker for diagnosis. Liver Int 2023; 43:1714-1728. [PMID: 37057737 PMCID: PMC10523911 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The molecular mechanisms driving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are poorly understood; however, microRNAs might play a key role in these processes. We hypothesize that let-7d-5p could contribute to the pathophysiology of NAFLD and serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker. METHODS We evaluated let-7d-5p levels and its targets in liver biopsies from a cross-sectional study including patients with NAFLD and healthy donors, and from a mouse model of NAFLD. Moreover, the induction of let-7d-5p expression by fatty acids was evaluated in vitro. Further, we overexpressed let-7d-5p in vitro to corroborate the results observed in vivo. Circulating let-7d-5p and its potential as a NAFLD biomarker was determined in isolated extracellular vesicles from human plasma by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that hepatic let-7d-5p was significantly up-regulated in patients with steatosis, and this increase correlated with obesity and a decreased expression of AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), IGF-I receptor (IGF1R) and insulin receptor (INSR). These alterations were corroborated in a NAFLD mouse model. In vitro, fatty acids increased let-7d-5p expression, and its overexpression decreased AKT, IGF-IR and IR protein expression. Furthermore, let-7d-5p hindered AKT phosphorylation in vitro after insulin stimulation. Finally, circulating let-7d-5p significantly decreased in steatosis patients and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses confirmed its utility as a diagnostic biomarker. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the emerging role of let-7d-5p as a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD since its overexpression impairs hepatic insulin signalling, and also, as a novel non-invasive biomarker for NAFLD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Infante-Menéndez
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea R. López-Pastor
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara González-Illanes
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula González-López
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Huertas-Lárez
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Rey
- Liver Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda González-Rodríguez
- Liver Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo García-Monzón
- Liver Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikita P. Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Melina Vega de Céniga
- Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Aaron B. Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Almudena Gómez-Hernández
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Escribano
- Laboratory of Hepatic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid. Madrid, Spain
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12
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van Gerwen J, Shun-Shion AS, Fazakerley DJ. Insulin signalling and GLUT4 trafficking in insulin resistance. Biochem Soc Trans 2023:233101. [PMID: 37248992 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into muscle and adipose tissue is vital for maintaining whole-body glucose homeostasis. Insulin promotes glucose uptake into these tissues by triggering a protein phosphorylation signalling cascade, which converges on multiple trafficking processes to deliver the glucose transporter GLUT4 to the cell surface. Impaired insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation in these tissues underlies insulin resistance, which is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes and other metabolic diseases. Despite this, the precise changes in insulin signalling and GLUT4 trafficking underpinning insulin resistance remain unclear. In this review, we highlight insights from recent unbiased phosphoproteomics studies, which have enabled a comprehensive examination of insulin signalling and have transformed our perspective on how signalling changes may contribute to insulin resistance. We also discuss how GLUT4 trafficking is disrupted in insulin resistance, and underline sites where signalling changes could lead to these trafficking defects. Lastly, we address several major challenges currently faced by researchers in the field. As signalling and trafficking alterations can be examined at increasingly high resolution, integrative approaches examining the two in combination will provide immense opportunities for elucidating how they conspire to cause insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian van Gerwen
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Amber S Shun-Shion
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, U.K
| | - Daniel J Fazakerley
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, U.K
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13
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Shrivastava NK, Shakarad MN. Correlated responses in basal immune function in response to selection for fast development in Drosophila melanogaster. J Evol Biol 2023; 36:816-828. [PMID: 37073855 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Often, immunity is invoked in the context of infection, disease and injury. However, an ever alert and robust immune system is essential for maintaining good health, but resource investment into immunity needs to be traded off against allocation to other functions. In this study, we study the consequences of such a trade-off with growth by ascertaining various components of baseline innate immunity in two types of Drosophila melanogaster populations selected for fast development, in combination with either a long effective lifespan (FLJs) or a short effective lifespan (FEJs). We found that distinct immunological parameters were constitutively elevated in both, FLJs and FEJs compared to their ancestral control (JB) populations, and these constitutive elevated immunological parameters were associated with reduced insulin signalling and comparable total gut microbiota. Our results bring into focus the inter-relationship between egg to adult development time, ecdysone levels, larval gut microbiota, insulin signalling, adult reproductive longevity and immune function. We discuss how changes in selection pressures operating on life-history traits can modulate different components of immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mallikarjun N Shakarad
- Evolutionary Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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14
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Arjunan S, Thangaiyan R, Balaraman D. Biochanin A, a soy isoflavone, diminishes insulin resistance by modulating insulin-signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:316-322. [PMID: 32990040 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1820525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The objective of this study was to evaluate the probable mechanism of action of Biochanin A (BCA) on high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance mice. METHODS Twenty-four male C57/BL/6J mice were divided into two and fed either control diet or a high fat-high diet (HFD). After 6 weeks, mice were grouped into: Control, Control + BCA, HFD and HFD + BCA (n = 6). Mice were made diabetic by feeding them an HFD. RESULTS Body weight, plasma glucose, insulin, leptin levels and HOMA values were significantly lower in the BCA supplemented HFD group when related to the HFD group. Furthermore, BCA supplementation significantly increased Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS 1), PI3K, Akt and Glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) protein abundance in skeletal muscle when equated with HFD. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that BCA can improve insulin sensitivity by activating insulin signalling, suggesting that it may possess antidiabetic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaresan Arjunan
- CAS in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, India
| | - Radhiga Thangaiyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, India
| | - Deivasigamani Balaraman
- CAS in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, India
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15
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Fazakerley DJ, van Gerwen J, Cooke KC, Duan X, Needham EJ, Díaz-Vegas A, Madsen S, Norris DM, Shun-Shion AS, Krycer JR, Burchfield JG, Yang P, Wade MR, Brozinick JT, James DE, Humphrey SJ. Phosphoproteomics reveals rewiring of the insulin signaling network and multi-nodal defects in insulin resistance. Nat Commun 2023; 14:923. [PMID: 36808134 PMCID: PMC9938909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The failure of metabolic tissues to appropriately respond to insulin ("insulin resistance") is an early marker in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Protein phosphorylation is central to the adipocyte insulin response, but how adipocyte signaling networks are dysregulated upon insulin resistance is unknown. Here we employ phosphoproteomics to delineate insulin signal transduction in adipocyte cells and adipose tissue. Across a range of insults causing insulin resistance, we observe a marked rewiring of the insulin signaling network. This includes both attenuated insulin-responsive phosphorylation, and the emergence of phosphorylation uniquely insulin-regulated in insulin resistance. Identifying dysregulated phosphosites common to multiple insults reveals subnetworks containing non-canonical regulators of insulin action, such as MARK2/3, and causal drivers of insulin resistance. The presence of several bona fide GSK3 substrates among these phosphosites led us to establish a pipeline for identifying context-specific kinase substrates, revealing widespread dysregulation of GSK3 signaling. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 partially reverses insulin resistance in cells and tissue explants. These data highlight that insulin resistance is a multi-nodal signaling defect that includes dysregulated MARK2/3 and GSK3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Fazakerley
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Julian van Gerwen
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Kristen C Cooke
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaowen Duan
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Elise J Needham
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Alexis Díaz-Vegas
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Søren Madsen
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Dougall M Norris
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Amber S Shun-Shion
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - James R Krycer
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QL, Australia
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QL, Australia
| | - James G Burchfield
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Pengyi Yang
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Mark R Wade
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joseph T Brozinick
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia.
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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16
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Aye CC, Hammond DE, Rodriguez-Cuenca S, Doherty MK, Whitfield PD, Phelan MM, Yang C, Perez-Perez R, Li X, Diaz-Ramos A, Peddinti G, Oresic M, Vidal-Puig A, Zorzano A, Ugalde C, Mora S. CBL/CAP Is Essential for Mitochondria Respiration Complex I Assembly and Bioenergetics Efficiency in Muscle Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3399. [PMID: 36834818 PMCID: PMC9964740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
CBL is rapidly phosphorylated upon insulin receptor activation. Mice whole body CBL depletion improved insulin sensitivity and glucose clearance; however, the precise mechanisms remain unknown. We depleted either CBL or its associated protein SORBS1/CAP independently in myocytes and assessed mitochondrial function and metabolism compared to control cells. CBL- and CAP-depleted cells showed increased mitochondrial mass with greater proton leak. Mitochondrial respiratory complex I activity and assembly into respirasomes were reduced. Proteome profiling revealed alterations in proteins involved in glycolysis and fatty acid degradation. Our findings demonstrate CBL/CAP pathway couples insulin signaling to efficient mitochondrial respiratory function and metabolism in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Cho Aye
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Dean E. Hammond
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Sergio Rodriguez-Cuenca
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Mary K. Doherty
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK
| | - Phillip D. Whitfield
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK
- Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Garscube Campus, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Marie M. Phelan
- Centre for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Chenjing Yang
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Rafael Perez-Perez
- Instituto de Investigación, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), U723, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Angels Diaz-Ramos
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gopal Peddinti
- Technical Research Centre of Finland, 02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Matej Oresic
- Technical Research Centre of Finland, 02044 Espoo, Finland
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Abo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department de Bioquimica i Biomedicina, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Ugalde
- Instituto de Investigación, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), U723, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Mora
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
- Department de Bioquimica i Biomedicina, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Mäkinen S, Datta N, Rangarajan S, Nguyen YH, Olkkonen VM, Latva-Rasku A, Nuutila P, Laakso M, Koistinen HA. Finnish-specific AKT2 gene variant leads to impaired insulin signalling in myotubes. J Mol Endocrinol 2023; 70:JME-21-0285. [PMID: 36409629 PMCID: PMC9874976 DOI: 10.1530/jme-21-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Finnish-specific gene variant p.P50T/AKT2 (minor allele frequency (MAF) = 1.1%) is associated with insulin resistance and increased predisposition to type 2 diabetes. Here, we have investigated in vitro the impact of the gene variant on glucose metabolism and intracellular signalling in human primary skeletal muscle cells, which were established from 14 male p.P50T/AKT2 variant carriers and 14 controls. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and glucose incorporation into glycogen were detected with 2-[1,2-3H]-deoxy-D-glucose and D-[14C]-glucose, respectively, and the rate of glycolysis was measured with a Seahorse XFe96 analyzer. Insulin signalling was investigated with Western blotting. The binding of variant and control AKT2-PH domains to phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3) was assayed using PIP StripsTM Membranes. Protein tyrosine kinase and serine-threonine kinase assays were performed using the PamGene® kinome profiling system. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in myotubes in vitro were not significantly affected by the genotype. However, the insulin-stimulated glycolytic rate was impaired in variant myotubes. Western blot analysis showed that insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of AKT-Thr308, AS160-Thr642 and GSK3β-Ser9 was reduced in variant myotubes compared to controls. The binding of variant AKT2-PH domain to PI(3,4,5)P3 was reduced as compared to the control protein. PamGene® kinome profiling revealed multiple differentially phosphorylated kinase substrates, e.g. calmodulin, between the genotypes. Further in silico upstream kinase analysis predicted a large-scale impairment in activities of kinases participating, for example, in intracellular signal transduction, protein translation and cell cycle events. In conclusion, myotubes from p.P50T/AKT2 variant carriers show multiple signalling alterations which may contribute to predisposition to insulin resistance and T2D in the carriers of this signalling variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Mäkinen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Neeta Datta
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Savithri Rangarajan
- Pam Gene International B.V., Wolvenhoek, BJ ´s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Yen H Nguyen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vesa M Olkkonen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Haartmaninkatu, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aino Latva-Rasku
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu, Turku, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu, Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence should be addressed to H A Koistinen:
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18
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Liu Y, Yang Y, Xu C, Liu J, Chen J, Li G, Huang B, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Wei Q, Pandol SJ, Zhang F, Li L, Jin L. Circular RNA circGlis3 protects against islet β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis in obesity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:351. [PMID: 36681689 PMCID: PMC9867769 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell compensation is a major mechanism in delaying T2DM progression. Here we report the abnormal high expression of circGlis3 in islets of male mice with obesity and serum of people with obesity. Increasing circGlis3 is regulated by Quaking (QKI)-mediated splicing circularization. circGlis3 overexpression enhances insulin secretion and inhibits obesity-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circGlis3 promotes insulin secretion by up-regulating NeuroD1 and Creb1 via sponging miR-124-3p and decreases apoptosis via interacting with the pro-apoptotic factor SCOTIN. The RNA binding protein FUS recruits circGlis3 and collectively assemble abnormal stable cytoplasmic stress granules (SG) in response to cellular stress. These findings highlight a physiological role for circRNAs in β-cell compensation and indicate that modulation of circGlis3 expression may represent a potential strategy to prevent β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis after obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, P. R. China
| | - Yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, P. R. China
| | - Chenying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, P. R. China
| | - Jianxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, P. R. China
| | - Jiale Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, P. R. China
| | - Yi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, P. R. China.
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Liang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, P. R. China.
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19
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Blommer J, Pitcher T, Mustapic M, Eren E, Yao PJ, Vreones MP, Pucha KA, Dalrymple-Alford J, Shoorangiz R, Meissner WG, Anderson T, Kapogiannis D. Extracellular vesicle biomarkers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2023; 146:195-208. [PMID: 35833836 PMCID: PMC10060702 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides motor symptoms, many individuals with Parkinson's disease develop cognitive impairment perhaps due to coexisting α-synuclein and Alzheimer's disease pathologies and impaired brain insulin signalling. Discovering biomarkers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease could help clarify the underlying pathogenic processes and improve Parkinson's disease diagnosis and prognosis. This study used plasma samples from 273 participants: 103 Parkinson's disease individuals with normal cognition, 121 Parkinson's disease individuals with cognitive impairment (81 with mild cognitive impairment, 40 with dementia) and 49 age- and sex-matched controls. Plasma extracellular vesicles enriched for neuronal origin were immunocaptured by targeting the L1 cell adhesion molecule, then biomarkers were quantified using immunoassays. α-Synuclein was lower in Parkinson's disease compared to control individuals (P = 0.004) and in cognitively impaired Parkinson's disease individuals compared to Parkinson's disease with normal cognition (P < 0.001) and control (P < 0.001) individuals. Amyloid-β42 did not differ between groups. Phosphorylated tau (T181) was higher in Parkinson's disease than control individuals (P = 0.003) and in cognitively impaired compared to cognitively normal Parkinson's disease individuals (P < 0.001) and controls (P < 0.001). Total tau was not different between groups. Tyrosine-phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 was lower in Parkinson's disease compared to control individuals (P = 0.03) and in cognitively impaired compared to cognitively normal Parkinson's disease individuals (P = 0.02) and controls (P = 0.01), and also decreased with increasing motor symptom severity (P = 0.005); serine312-phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 was not different between groups. Mechanistic target of rapamycin was not different between groups, whereas phosphorylated mechanistic target of rapamycin trended lower in cognitively impaired compared to cognitively normal Parkinson's disease individuals (P = 0.05). The ratio of α-synuclein to phosphorylated tau181 was lower in Parkinson's disease compared to controls (P = 0.001), in cognitively impaired compared to cognitively normal Parkinson's disease individuals (P < 0.001) and decreased with increasing motor symptom severity (P < 0.001). The ratio of insulin receptor substrate-1 phosphorylated serine312 to insulin receptor substrate-1 phosphorylated tyrosine was higher in Parkinson's disease compared to control individuals (P = 0.01), in cognitively impaired compared to cognitively normal Parkinson's disease individuals (P = 0.02) and increased with increasing motor symptom severity (P = 0.003). α-Synuclein, phosphorylated tau181 and insulin receptor substrate-1 phosphorylated tyrosine contributed in diagnostic classification between groups. These findings suggest that both α-synuclein and tau pathologies and impaired insulin signalling underlie Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment. Plasma neuronal extracellular vesicles biomarkers may inform cognitive prognosis in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Blommer
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Toni Pitcher
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Maja Mustapic
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Erden Eren
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Pamela J Yao
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michael P Vreones
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Krishna A Pucha
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - John Dalrymple-Alford
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
| | - Reza Shoorangiz
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Wassilios G Meissner
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Service de Neurologie—Maladies Neurodégénératives, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Tim Anderson
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Dimitrios Kapogiannis
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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20
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Nagao H, Jayavelu AK, Cai W, Pan H, Dreyfuss JM, Batista TM, Brandão BB, Mann M, Kahn CR. Unique ligand and kinase-independent roles of the insulin receptor in regulation of cell cycle, senescence and apoptosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:57. [PMID: 36599833 PMCID: PMC9812992 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35693-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin acts through the insulin receptor (IR) tyrosine kinase to exert its classical metabolic and mitogenic actions. Here, using receptors with either short or long deletion of the β-subunit or mutation of the kinase active site (K1030R), we have uncovered a second, previously unrecognized IR signaling pathway that is intracellular domain-dependent, but ligand and tyrosine kinase-independent (LYK-I). These LYK-I actions of the IR are linked to changes in phosphorylation of a network of proteins involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix organization, cell cycle, ATM signaling and cellular senescence; and result in upregulation of expression of multiple extracellular matrix-related genes and proteins, down-regulation of immune/interferon-related genes and proteins, and increased sensitivity to apoptosis. Thus, in addition to classical ligand and tyrosine kinase-dependent (LYK-D) signaling, the IR regulates a second, ligand and tyrosine kinase-independent (LYK-I) pathway, which regulates the cellular machinery involved in senescence, matrix interaction and response to extrinsic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Nagao
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar Jayavelu
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Proteomics and Cancer Cell Signaling Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Leukemia, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Weikang Cai
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Hui Pan
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jonathan M Dreyfuss
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Thiago M Batista
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Bruna B Brandão
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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21
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Woodfield A, Gonzales T, Helmerhorst E, Laws S, Newsholme P, Porter T, Verdile G. Current Insights on the Use of Insulin and the Potential Use of Insulin Mimetics in Targeting Insulin Signalling in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415811. [PMID: 36555450 PMCID: PMC9779379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are chronic diseases that share several pathological mechanisms, including insulin resistance and impaired insulin signalling. Their shared features have prompted the evaluation of the drugs used to manage diabetes for the treatment of AD. Insulin delivery itself has been utilized, with promising effects, in improving cognition and reducing AD related neuropathology. The most recent clinical trial involving intranasal insulin reported no slowing of cognitive decline; however, several factors may have impacted the trial outcomes. Long-acting and rapid-acting insulin analogues have also been evaluated within the context of AD with a lack of consistent outcomes. This narrative review provided insight into how targeting insulin signalling in the brain has potential as a therapeutic target for AD and provided a detailed update on the efficacy of insulin, its analogues and the outcomes of human clinical trials. We also discussed the current evidence that warrants the further investigation of the use of the mimetics of insulin for AD. These small molecules may provide a modifiable alternative to insulin, aiding in developing drugs that selectively target insulin signalling in the brain with the aim to attenuate cognitive dysfunction and AD pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Woodfield
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Tatiana Gonzales
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Erik Helmerhorst
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Simon Laws
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
| | - Philip Newsholme
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Tenielle Porter
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-9266 5618
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22
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Wakabayashi Y, Miyatsuka T, Miura M, Himuro M, Taguchi T, Iida H, Nishida Y, Fujitani Y, Watada H. STAT3 suppression and β-cell ablation enhance α-to-β reprogramming mediated by Pdx1. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21419. [PMID: 36496541 PMCID: PMC9741642 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25941-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As diabetes results from the absolute or relative deficiency of insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, possible methods to efficiently generate surrogate β cells have attracted a lot of efforts. To date, insulin-producing cells have been generated from various differentiated cell types in the pancreas, such as acinar cells and α cells, by inducing defined transcription factors, such as PDX1 and MAFA, yet it is still challenging as to how surrogate β cells can be efficiently generated for establishing future regenerative therapies for diabetes. In this study, we demonstrated that the exogenous expression of PDX1 activated STAT3 in α cells in vitro, and STAT3-null PDX1-expressing α cells in vivo resulted in efficient induction of α-to-β reprogramming, accompanied by the emergence of α-cell-derived insulin-producing cells with silenced glucagon expression. Whereas β-cell ablation by alloxan administration significantly increased the number of α-cell-derived insulin-producing cells by PDX1, STAT3 suppression resulted in no further increase in β-cell neogenesis after β-cell ablation. Thus, STAT3 modulation and β-cell ablation nonadditively enhance α-to-β reprogramming induced by PDX1, which may lead to the establishment of cell therapies for curing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Wakabayashi
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyatsuka
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Masaki Miura
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miwa Himuro
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Taguchi
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Iida
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Nishida
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Fujitani
- grid.256642.10000 0000 9269 4097Laboratory of Developmental Biology & Metabolism, Institute for Molecular & Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Center for Identification of Diabetic Therapeutic Targets, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Center for Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Dall’Agnese A, Platt JM, Zheng MM, Friesen M, Dall’Agnese G, Blaise AM, Spinelli JB, Henninger JE, Tevonian EN, Hannett NM, Lazaris C, Drescher HK, Bartsch LM, Kilgore HR, Jaenisch R, Griffith LG, Cisse II, Jeppesen JF, Lee TI, Young RA. The dynamic clustering of insulin receptor underlies its signaling and is disrupted in insulin resistance. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7522. [PMID: 36473871 PMCID: PMC9727033 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin receptor (IR) signaling is central to normal metabolic control and is dysregulated in metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. We report here that IR is incorporated into dynamic clusters at the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus of human hepatocytes and adipocytes. Insulin stimulation promotes further incorporation of IR into these dynamic clusters in insulin-sensitive cells but not in insulin-resistant cells, where both IR accumulation and dynamic behavior are reduced. Treatment of insulin-resistant cells with metformin, a first-line drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, can rescue IR accumulation and the dynamic behavior of these clusters. This rescue is associated with metformin's role in reducing reactive oxygen species that interfere with normal dynamics. These results indicate that changes in the physico-mechanical features of IR clusters contribute to insulin resistance and have implications for improved therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Dall’Agnese
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Jesse M. Platt
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Ming M. Zheng
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Max Friesen
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Giuseppe Dall’Agnese
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA ,grid.5390.f0000 0001 2113 062XDepartment of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100 Italy
| | - Alyssa M. Blaise
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Jessica B. Spinelli
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Jonathan E. Henninger
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Erin N. Tevonian
- grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Nancy M. Hannett
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Charalampos Lazaris
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Hannah K. Drescher
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Lea M. Bartsch
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Henry R. Kilgore
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Rudolf Jaenisch
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Linda G. Griffith
- grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Center for Gynepathology Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Ibrahim I. Cisse
- grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Jacob F. Jeppesen
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA ,grid.425956.90000 0004 0391 2646Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tong I. Lee
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Richard A. Young
- grid.270301.70000 0001 2292 6283Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
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24
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Chu YD, Fan TC, Lai MW, Yeh CT. GALNT14-mediated O-glycosylation on PHB2 serine-161 enhances cell growth, migration and drug resistance by activating IGF1R cascade in hepatoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:956. [PMID: 36376274 PMCID: PMC9663550 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05419-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9679162 located on GALNT14 gene predicts therapeutic outcomes in patients with intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, the associations between SNP genotypes, GALNT14 expression, and downstream molecular events were determined. A higher GALNT14 cancerous/noncancerous ratio was associated with the rs9679162-GG genotype, leading to an unfavorable postoperative prognosis. A novel exon-6-skipped GALNT14 mRNA variant was identified in patients carrying the rs9679162-TT genotype, which was associated with lower GALNT14 expression and favorable prognosis. Cell-based experiments showed that elevated levels of GALNT14 promoted HCC growth, migration, and resistance to anticancer drugs. Using a comparative lectin-capture glycoproteomic approach, PHB2 was identified as a substrate for GALNT14-mediated O-glycosylation. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments revealed that serine-161 (Ser161) was the O-glycosylation site. Further analysis showed that O-glycosylation of PHB2-Ser161 was required for the GALNT14-mediated growth-promoting phenotype. O-glycosylation of PHB2 was positively correlated with GALNT14 expression in HCC, resulting in increased interaction between PHB2 and IGFBP6, which in turn led to the activation of IGF1R-mediated signaling. In conclusion, the GALNT14-rs9679162 genotype was associated with differential expression levels of GALNT14 and the generation of a novel exon-6-skipped GALNT14 mRNA variant, which was associated with a favorable prognosis in HCC. The GALNT14/PHB2/IGF1R cascade modulated the growth, migration, and anticancer drug resistance of HCC cells, thereby opening the possibility of identifying new therapeutic targets against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-De Chu
- grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tan-Chi Fan
- grid.454210.60000 0004 1756 1461Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lai
- grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDivision of Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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25
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Kim J, Yunn NO, Park M, Kim J, Park S, Kim Y, Noh J, Ryu SH, Cho Y. Functional selectivity of insulin receptor revealed by aptamer-trapped receptor structures. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6500. [PMID: 36310231 PMCID: PMC9618554 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of insulin receptor (IR) initiates a cascade of conformational changes and autophosphorylation events. Herein, we determined three structures of IR trapped by aptamers using cryo-electron microscopy. The A62 agonist aptamer selectively activates metabolic signaling. In the absence of insulin, the two A62 aptamer agonists of IR adopt an insulin-accessible arrowhead conformation by mimicking site-1/site-2' insulin coordination. Insulin binding at one site triggers conformational changes in one protomer, but this movement is blocked in the other protomer by A62 at the opposite site. A62 binding captures two unique conformations of IR with a similar stalk arrangement, which underlie Tyr1150 mono-phosphorylation (m-pY1150) and selective activation for metabolic signaling. The A43 aptamer, a positive allosteric modulator, binds at the opposite side of the insulin-binding module, and stabilizes the single insulin-bound IR structure that brings two FnIII-3 regions into closer proximity for full activation. Our results suggest that spatial proximity of the two FnIII-3 ends is important for m-pY1150, but multi-phosphorylation of IR requires additional conformational rearrangement of intracellular domains mediated by coordination between extracellular and transmembrane domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Kim
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Oh Yunn
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Postech Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Mangeun Park
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Postech Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Jihan Kim
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Seongeun Park
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Postech Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojoong Kim
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Noh
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Postech Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Ryu
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Yunje Cho
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
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26
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Zhang YP, Zhang WH, Zhang P, Li Q, Sun Y, Wang JW, Zhang SO, Cai T, Zhan C, Dong MQ. Intestine-specific removal of DAF-2 nearly doubles lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans with little fitness cost. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6339. [PMID: 36284093 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33850-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-nine years following the breakthrough discovery that a single-gene mutation of daf-2 doubles Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan, it remains unclear where this insulin/IGF-1 receptor gene is expressed and where it acts to regulate ageing. Using knock-in fluorescent reporters, we determined that daf-2 and its downstream transcription factor daf-16 are expressed ubiquitously. Using tissue-specific targeted protein degradation, we determined that intracellular DAF-2-to-DAF-16 signaling in the intestine plays a major role in lifespan regulation, while that in the hypodermis, neurons, and germline plays a minor role. Notably, intestine-specific loss of DAF-2 activates DAF-16 in and outside the intestine, causes almost no adverse effects on development and reproduction, and extends lifespan by 94% in a way that partly requires non-intestinal DAF-16. Consistent with intestine supplying nutrients to the entire body, evidence from this and other studies suggests that altered metabolism, particularly down-regulation of protein and RNA synthesis, mediates longevity by reduction of insulin/IGF-1 signaling.
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27
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Ng SP, Nomura W, Takahashi H, Inoue K, Kawada T, Goto T, Inoue Y. Methylglyoxal induces multiple serine phosphorylation in insulin receptor substrate 1 via the TAK1-p38-mTORC1 signaling axis in adipocytes. Biochem J 2022:BCJ20220271. [PMID: 36256829 DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20220271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Certain metabolic intermediates produced during metabolism are known to regulate a wide range of cellular processes. Methylglyoxal (MG), a natural metabolite derived from glycolysis, has been shown to negatively influences systemic metabolism by inducing glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and diabetic complications. MG plays a functional role as a signaling molecule that initiates signal transduction. However, the specific relationship between MG-induced activation of signal transduction and its negative effects on metabolism remains unclear. Here, we found that MG activated mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in adipocytes, and that the transforming growth factor-b-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is needed to activate p38-mTORC1 signaling following treatment with MG. We also found that MG increased the phosphorylation levels of serine residues in insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, which is involved in its negative regulation, thereby attenuating insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation in IRS-1. The negative effect of MG on insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation was exerted due to the MG-induced activation of the TAK1-p38-mTORC1 signaling axis. The involvement of the TAK1-p38-mTORC1 signaling axis in the induction of IRS-1 multiple serine phosphorylation was not unique to MG, as the proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α, also activated the same signaling axis. Therefore, our findings suggest that MG-induced activation of the TAK1-p38-mTORC1 signaling axis caused multiple serine phosphorylation on IRS-1, potentially contributing to insulin resistance.
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28
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Kobberø SD, Gajhede M, Mirza OA, Kløverpris S, Kjær TR, Mikkelsen JH, Boesen T, Oxvig C. Structure of the proteolytic enzyme PAPP-A with the endogenous inhibitor stanniocalcin-2 reveals its inhibitory mechanism. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6084. [PMID: 36257932 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The metzincin metalloproteinase PAPP-A plays a key role in the regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling by specific cleavage of inhibitory IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). Using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we here report the structure of PAPP-A in complex with its endogenous inhibitor, stanniocalcin-2 (STC2), neither of which have been reported before. The highest resolution (3.1 Å) was obtained for the STC2 subunit and the N-terminal approximately 1000 residues of the PAPP-A subunit. The 500 kDa 2:2 PAPP-A·STC2 complex is a flexible multidomain ensemble with numerous interdomain contacts. In particular, a specific disulfide bond between the subunits of STC2 and PAPP-A prevents dissociation, and interactions between STC2 and a module located in the very C-terminal end of the PAPP-A subunit prevent binding of its main substrate, IGFBP-4. While devoid of activity towards IGFBP-4, the active site cleft of the catalytic domain is accessible in the inhibited PAPP-A·STC2 complex, as shown by its ability to hydrolyze a synthetic peptide derived from IGFBP-4. Relevant to multiple human pathologies, this unusual mechanism of proteolytic inhibition may support the development of specific pharmaceutical agents, by which IGF signaling can be indirectly modulated.
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29
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Cobham AE, Neumann B, Mirth CK. Maintaining robust size across environmental conditions through plastic brain growth dynamics. Open Biol 2022; 12:220037. [PMID: 36102061 PMCID: PMC9471992 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ growth is tightly regulated across environmental conditions to generate an appropriate final size. While the size of some organs is free to vary, others need to maintain constant size to function properly. This poses a unique problem: how is robust final size achieved when environmental conditions alter key processes that regulate organ size throughout the body, such as growth rate and growth duration? While we know that brain growth is ‘spared’ from the effects of the environment from humans to fruit flies, we do not understand how this process alters growth dynamics across brain compartments. Here, we explore how this robustness in brain size is achieved by examining differences in growth patterns between the larval body, the brain and a brain compartment—the mushroom bodies—in Drosophila melanogaster across both thermal and nutritional conditions. We identify key differences in patterns of growth between the whole brain and mushroom bodies that are likely to underlie robustness of final organ shape. Further, we show that these differences produce distinct brain shapes across environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansa E Cobham
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brent Neumann
- Neuroscience Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christen K Mirth
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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30
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Ávalos Y, Hernández-Cáceres MP, Lagos P, Pinto-Nuñez D, Rivera P, Burgos P, Díaz-Castro F, Joy-Immediato M, Venegas-Zamora L, Lopez-Gallardo E, Kretschmar C, Batista-Gonzalez A, Cifuentes-Araneda F, Toledo-Valenzuela L, Rodriguez-Peña M, Espinoza-Caicedo J, Perez-Leighton C, Bertocchi C, Cerda M, Troncoso R, Parra V, Budini M, Burgos PV, Criollo A, Morselli E. Palmitic acid control of ciliogenesis modulates insulin signaling in hypothalamic neurons through an autophagy-dependent mechanism. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:659. [PMID: 35902579 PMCID: PMC9334645 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05109-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA) is significantly increased in the hypothalamus of mice, when fed chronically with a high-fat diet (HFD). PA impairs insulin signaling in hypothalamic neurons, by a mechanism dependent on autophagy, a process of lysosomal-mediated degradation of cytoplasmic material. In addition, previous work shows a crosstalk between autophagy and the primary cilium (hereafter cilium), an antenna-like structure on the cell surface that acts as a signaling platform for the cell. Ciliopathies, human diseases characterized by cilia dysfunction, manifest, type 2 diabetes, among other features, suggesting a role of the cilium in insulin signaling. Cilium depletion in hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons triggers obesity and insulin resistance in mice, the same phenotype as mice deficient in autophagy in POMC neurons. Here we investigated the effect of chronic consumption of HFD on cilia; and our results indicate that chronic feeding with HFD reduces the percentage of cilia in hypothalamic POMC neurons. This effect may be due to an increased amount of PA, as treatment with this saturated fatty acid in vitro reduces the percentage of ciliated cells and cilia length in hypothalamic neurons. Importantly, the same effect of cilia depletion was obtained following chemical and genetic inhibition of autophagy, indicating autophagy is required for ciliogenesis. We further demonstrate a role for the cilium in insulin sensitivity, as cilium loss in hypothalamic neuronal cells disrupts insulin signaling and insulin-dependent glucose uptake, an effect that correlates with the ciliary localization of the insulin receptor (IR). Consistently, increased percentage of ciliated hypothalamic neuronal cells promotes insulin signaling, even when cells are exposed to PA. Altogether, our results indicate that, in hypothalamic neurons, impairment of autophagy, either by PA exposure, chemical or genetic manipulation, cause cilia loss that impairs insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenniffer Ávalos
- grid.412179.80000 0001 2191 5013Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Paz Hernández-Cáceres
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile ,grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Lagos
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Pinto-Nuñez
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Rivera
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Burgos
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Díaz-Castro
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michelle Joy-Immediato
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory for Molecular Mechanics of Cell Adhesion, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leslye Venegas-Zamora
- grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Erik Lopez-Gallardo
- grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Kretschmar
- grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Batista-Gonzalez
- grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Flavia Cifuentes-Araneda
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Toledo-Valenzuela
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Rodriguez-Peña
- grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jasson Espinoza-Caicedo
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Perez-Leighton
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristina Bertocchi
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory for Molecular Mechanics of Cell Adhesion, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Cerda
- grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Integrative Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile ,grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Center for Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile ,grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Troncoso
- grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile ,grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile ,Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Parra
- grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile ,Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile ,grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Network for the Study of High-Lethality Cardiopulmonary Diseases (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Budini
- Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile ,grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia V. Burgos
- Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile ,grid.442215.40000 0001 2227 4297Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile ,grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile ,grid.443909.30000 0004 0385 4466Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile ,Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile ,Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile ,grid.442215.40000 0001 2227 4297Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
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31
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Wu X, Xie W, Xie W, Wei W, Guo J. Beyond controlling cell size: functional analyses of S6K in tumorigenesis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:646. [PMID: 35879299 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
As a substrate and major effector of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), the biological functions of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) have been canonically assigned for cell size control by facilitating mRNA transcription, splicing, and protein synthesis. However, accumulating evidence implies that diverse stimuli and upstream regulators modulate S6K kinase activity, leading to the activation of a plethora of downstream substrates for distinct pathobiological functions. Beyond controlling cell size, S6K simultaneously plays crucial roles in directing cell apoptosis, metabolism, and feedback regulation of its upstream signals. Thus, we comprehensively summarize the emerging upstream regulators, downstream substrates, mouse models, clinical relevance, and candidate inhibitors for S6K and shed light on S6K as a potential therapeutic target for cancers.
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32
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Wei W, Chen Q, Liu M, Sheng Y, OuYang Q, Feng W, Yang X, Ding L, Su S, Zhang J, Fang L, Vidal-Puig A, Wang HY, Chen S. TRIM24 is an insulin-responsive regulator of P-bodies. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3972. [PMID: 35803934 PMCID: PMC9270398 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31735-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin is a potent inducer of mRNA transcription and translation, contributing to metabolic regulation. Insulin has also been suggested to regulate mRNA stability through the processing body (P-body) molecular machinery. However, whether and how insulin regulates mRNA stability via P-bodies is not clear. Here we show that the E3-ligase TRIM24 is a critical factor linking insulin signalling to P-bodies. Upon insulin stimulation, protein kinase B (PKB, also known as Akt) phosphorylates TRIM24 and stimulates its shuttling from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. TRIM24 interacts with several critical components of P-bodies in the cytoplasm, promoting their polyubiquitylation, which consequently stabilises Pparγ mRNA. Inactivation of TRIM24 E3-ligase activity or prevention of its phosphorylation via knockin mutations in mice promotes hepatic Pparγ degradation via P-bodies. Consequently, both knockin mutations alleviate hepatosteatosis in mice fed on a high-fat diet. Our results demonstrate the critical role of TRIM24 in linking insulin signalling to P-bodies and have therapeutic implications for the treatment of hepatosteatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Qiaoli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Minjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Yang Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Qian OuYang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Weikuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Longfei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Shu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Jingzi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Lei Fang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- TVP Lab, WT/MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit - Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation, Jiangbei Area, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China.
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33
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Guo X, Asthana P, Gurung S, Zhang S, Wong SKK, Fallah S, Chow CFW, Che S, Zhai L, Wang Z, Ge X, Jiang Z, Wu J, Zhang Y, Wu X, Xu K, Lin CY, Kwan HY, Lyu A, Zhou Z, Bian ZX, Wong HLX. Regulation of age-associated insulin resistance by MT1-MMP-mediated cleavage of insulin receptor. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3749. [PMID: 35768470 PMCID: PMC9242991 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31563-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin sensitivity progressively declines with age. Currently, the mechanism underlying age-associated insulin resistance remains unknown. Here, we identify membrane-bound matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MT1-MMP/MMP14) as a central regulator of insulin sensitivity during ageing. Ageing promotes MMP14 activation in insulin-sensitive tissues, which cleaves Insulin Receptor to suppress insulin signaling. MT1-MMP inhibition restores Insulin Receptor expression, improving insulin sensitivity in aged mice. The cleavage of Insulin Receptor by MT1-MMP also contributes to obesity-induced insulin resistance and inhibition of MT1-MMP activities normalizes metabolic dysfunctions in diabetic mouse models. Conversely, overexpression of MT1-MMP in the liver reduces the level of Insulin Receptor, impairing hepatic insulin sensitivity in young mice. The soluble Insulin Receptor and circulating MT1-MMP are positively correlated in plasma from aged human subjects and non-human primates. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into regulation of insulin sensitivity during physiological ageing and highlight MT1-MMP as a promising target for therapeutic avenue against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanming Guo
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pallavi Asthana
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Susma Gurung
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sheung Kin Ken Wong
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Samane Fallah
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Fung Willis Chow
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.419537.d0000 0001 2113 4567Centre for Systems Biology Dresden, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell and Biology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sijia Che
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lixiang Zhai
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zening Wang
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Xin Ge
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Zhixin Jiang
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- grid.470187.dRespiratory Department, Jinhua Guangfu hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Keyang Xu
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheng Yuan Lin
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aiping Lyu
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhou
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Leong Xavier Wong
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Clerk A, Sugden PH. The insulin receptor family in the heart: new light on old insights. Biosci Rep 2022:BSR20221212. [PMID: 35766350 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20221212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin was discovered over 100 years ago. Whilst the first half century defined many of the physiological effects of insulin, the second emphasised the mechanisms by which it elicits these effects, implicating a vast array of G proteins and their regulators, lipid and protein kinases and counteracting phosphatases, and more. Potential growth-promoting and protective effects of insulin on the heart emerged from studies of carbohydrate metabolism in the 1960s, but the insulin receptors (and the related receptor for insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2) were not defined until the 1980s. A related third receptor, the insulin receptor-related receptor remained an orphan receptor for many years until it was identified as an alkali-sensor. The mechanisms by which these receptors and the plethora of downstream signalling molecules confer cardioprotection remain elusive. Here, we review important aspects of the effects of the three insulin receptor family members in the heart. Metabolic studies are set in the context of what is now known of insulin receptor family signalling and the role of protein kinase B (PKB or Akt), and the relationship between this and cardiomyocyte survival versus death is discussed. PKB/Akt phosphorylates numerous substrates with potential for cardioprotection in the contractile cardiomyocytes and cardiac non-myocytes. Our overall conclusion is that the effects of insulin on glucose metabolism that were initially identified remain highly pertinent in managing cardiomyocyte energetics and preservation of function. This alone provides a high level of cardioprotection in the face of pathophysiological stressors such as ischaemia and myocardial infarction.
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Duan X, Norris DM, Humphrey SJ, Yang P, Cooke KC, Bultitude WP, Parker BL, Conway OJ, Burchfield JG, Krycer JR, Brodsky FM, James DE, Fazakerley DJ. Trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1 (TRARG1) is a GSK3 substrate. Biochem J 2022; 479:1237-56. [PMID: 35594055 DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20220153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1, TRARG1, positively regulates insulin-stimulated GLUT4 trafficking and insulin sensitivity. However, the mechanism(s) by which this occurs remain(s) unclear. Using biochemical and mass spectrometry analyses we found that TRARG1 is dephosphorylated in response to insulin in a PI3K/Akt-dependent manner and is a novel substrate for GSK3. Priming phosphorylation of murine TRARG1 at serine 84 allows for GSK3-directed phosphorylation at serines 72, 76 and 80. A similar pattern of phosphorylation was observed in human TRARG1, suggesting that our findings are translatable to human TRARG1. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 increased cell surface GLUT4 in cells stimulated with a submaximal insulin dose, and this was impaired following Trarg1 knockdown, suggesting that TRARG1 acts as a GSK3-mediated regulator in GLUT4 trafficking. These data place TRARG1 within the insulin signaling network and provide insights into how GSK3 regulates GLUT4 trafficking in adipocytes.
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Sumlu E, Bostancı A, Sadi G, Alçığır ME, Akar F. Lactobacillus plantarum improves lipogenesis and IRS-1/AKT/eNOS signalling pathway in the liver of high-fructose-fed rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:786-794. [PMID: 32067511 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1727527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the influence of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus helveticus supplementation on lipogenesis, insulin signalling and glucose transporters in liver of high-fructose-fed rats. Fructose was given to the rats as a 20% solution in drinking water for 15 weeks. Lactobacillus plantarum and L. helveticus supplementations were performed by gastric gavage once a day during final 6 weeks. Dietary high-fructose increased hepatic weight, lipid accumulation and FASN expression as well as caused a significant reduction in IRS-1 expression, pAKT/total AKT and peNOS/total eNOS ratios, but an elevation in GLUT2 and GLUT5 mRNAs in the liver. Lactobacillus plantarum supplementation decreased hepatic weight, triglyceride content and FASN expression as well as improved IRS-1/AKT/eNOS pathway and GLUT2 expression in the liver of high-fructose-fed rats. However, L. helveticus supplementation exerted a restoring effect on lipid accumulation by decreasing FASN expression, and regulating effect on IRS-1 and GLUT2 expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Sumlu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aykut Bostancı
- Department of Biology, K.Ö. Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Sadi
- Department of Biology, K.Ö. Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Eray Alçığır
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Fatma Akar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Zhang B, Luk C, Valadares J, Aronis C, Foukas LC. Dominant Role of PI3K p110α over p110β in Insulin and β-Adrenergic Receptor Signalling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12813. [PMID: 34884613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Attribution of specific roles to the two ubiquitously expressed PI 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms p110α and p110β in biological functions they have been implicated, such as in insulin signalling, has been challenging. While p110α has been demonstrated to be the principal isoform activated downstream of the insulin receptor, several studies have provided evidence for a role of p110β. Here we have used isoform-selective inhibitors to estimate the relative contribution of each of these isoforms in insulin signalling in adipocytes, which are a cell type with essential roles in regulation of metabolism at the systemic level. Consistent with previous genetic and pharmacological studies, we found that p110α is the principal isoform activated downstream of the insulin receptor under physiological conditions. p110α interaction with Ras enhanced the strength of p110α activation by insulin. However, this interaction did not account for the selectivity for p110α over p110β in insulin signalling. We also demonstrate that p110α is the principal isoform activated downstream of the β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR), another important signalling pathway in metabolic regulation, through a mechanism involving activation of the cAMP effector molecule EPAC1. This study offers further insights in the role of PI3K isoforms in the regulation of energy metabolism with implications for the therapeutic application of selective inhibitors of these isoforms.
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Toffoli B, Tonon F, Tisato V, Zauli G, Secchiero P, Fabris B, Bernardi S. TRAIL/DR5 pathway promotes AKT phosphorylation, skeletal muscle differentiation, and glucose uptake. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1089. [PMID: 34789726 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a protein that induces apoptosis in cancer cells but not in normal ones, where its effects remain to be fully understood. Previous studies have shown that in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, TRAIL treatment reduced body weight gain, insulin resistance, and inflammation. TRAIL was also able to increase skeletal muscle free fatty acid oxidation. The aim of the present work was to evaluate TRAIL actions on skeletal muscle. Our in vitro data on C2C12 cells showed that TRAIL treatment significantly increased myogenin and MyHC and other hallmarks of myogenic differentiation, which were reduced by Dr5 (TRAIL receptor) silencing. In addition, TRAIL treatment significantly increased AKT phosphorylation, which was reduced by Dr5 silencing, as well as glucose uptake (alone and in combination with insulin). Our in vivo data showed that TRAIL increased myofiber size in HFD-fed mice as well as in db/db mice. This was associated with increased myogenin and PCG1α expression. In conclusion, TRAIL/DR5 pathway promotes AKT phosphorylation, skeletal muscle differentiation, and glucose uptake. These data shed light onto a pathway that might hold therapeutic potential not only for the metabolic disturbances but also for the muscle mass loss that are associated with diabetes.
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Ferré P, Phan F, Foufelle F. SREBP-1c and lipogenesis in the liver: an update1. Biochem J 2021; 478:3723-39. [PMID: 34673919 DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20210071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1c is a transcription factor that controls the synthesis of lipids from glucose in the liver, a process which is of utmost importance for the storage of energy. Discovered in the early nineties by B. Spiegelman and by M. Brown and J. Goldstein, it has generated more than 5000 studies in order to elucidate its mechanism of activation and its role in physiology and pathology. Synthetized as a precursor found in the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, it has to be exported to the Golgi and cleaved by a mechanism called regulated intramembrane proteolysis. We reviewed in 2002 its main characteristics, its activation process and its role in the regulation of hepatic glycolytic and lipogenic genes. We particularly emphasized that Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1c is the mediator of insulin effects on these genes. In the present review, we would like to update these informations and focus on the response to insulin and to another actor in Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1c activation, the endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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James R, Dimopoulou O, Martin RM, Perks CM, Kelly C, Mathias L, Brugger S, Higgins JPT, Lewis SJ. Could Reducing Body Fatness Reduce the Risk of Aggressive Prostate Cancer via the Insulin Signalling Pathway? A Systematic Review of the Mechanistic Pathway. Metabolites 2021; 11:726. [PMID: 34822385 PMCID: PMC8625823 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess body weight is thought to increase the risk of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa), although the biological mechanism is currently unclear. Body fatness is positively associated with a diminished cellular response to insulin and biomarkers of insulin signalling have been positively associated with PCa risk. We carried out a two-pronged systematic review of (a) the effect of reducing body fatness on insulin biomarker levels and (b) the effect of insulin biomarkers on PCa risk, to determine whether a reduction in body fatness could reduce PCa risk via effects on the insulin signalling pathway. We identified seven eligible randomised controlled trials of interventions designed to reduce body fatness which measured insulin biomarkers as an outcome, and six eligible prospective observational studies of insulin biomarkers and PCa risk. We found some evidence that a reduction in body fatness improved insulin sensitivity although our confidence in this evidence was low based on GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations). We were unable to reach any conclusions on the effect of insulin sensitivity on PCa risk from the few studies included in our systematic review. A reduction in body fatness may reduce PCa risk via insulin signalling, but more high-quality evidence is needed before any conclusions can be reached regarding PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel James
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
| | - Olympia Dimopoulou
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Richard M. Martin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Claire M. Perks
- IGF & Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK;
| | - Claire Kelly
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
| | - Louise Mathias
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
| | - Stefan Brugger
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
| | - Julian P. T. Higgins
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Sarah J. Lewis
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
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Kotikalapudi N, Sampath SJP, Sukesh Narayan S, R B, Nemani H, Mungamuri SK, Venkatesan V. The promise(s) of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in averting preclinical diabetes: lessons from in vivo and in vitro model systems. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16983. [PMID: 34417511 PMCID: PMC8379204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity (Ob) poses a significant risk factor for the onset of metabolic syndrome with associated complications, wherein the Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) therapy shows pre-clinical success. Here, we explore the therapeutic applications of human Placental MSCs (P-MSCs) to address Ob-associated Insulin Resistance (IR) and its complications. In the present study, we show that intramuscular injection of P-MSCs homed more towards the visceral site, restored HOMA-IR and glucose homeostasis in the WNIN/GR-Ob (Ob-T2D) rats. P-MSC therapy was effective in re-establishing the dysregulated cytokines. We report that the P-MSCs activates PI3K-Akt signaling and regulates the Glut4-dependant glucose uptake and its utilization in WNIN/GR-Ob (Ob-T2D) rats compared to its control. Our data reinstates P-MSC treatment's potent application to alleviate IR and restores peripheral blood glucose clearance evidenced in stromal vascular fraction (SVF) derived from white adipose tissue (WAT) of the WNIN/GR-Ob rats. Gaining insights, we show the activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway by P-MSCs both in vivo and in vitro (palmitate primed 3T3-L1 cells) to restore the insulin sensitivity dysregulated adipocytes. Our findings suggest a potent application of P-MSCs in pre-clinical/Ob-T2D management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagasuryaprasad Kotikalapudi
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O., Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Samuel Joshua Pragasam Sampath
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O., Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Sinha Sukesh Narayan
- Division of Food Safety, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O., Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Bhonde R
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Post, Bellary Road, Allalasandra, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560065, India
- Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, India
| | - Harishankar Nemani
- Division of Animal Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O., Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Sathish Kumar Mungamuri
- Division of Food Safety, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O., Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Vijayalakshmi Venkatesan
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O., Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
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Tozzi M, Brown EL, Petersen PSS, Lundh M, Isidor MS, Plucińska K, Nielsen TS, Agueda-Oyarzabal M, Small L, Treebak JT, Emanuelli B. Dynamic interplay between Afadin S1795 phosphorylation and diet regulates glucose homeostasis in obese mice. J Physiol 2021; 600:885-902. [PMID: 34387373 DOI: 10.1113/jp281657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Afadin is a ubiquitously expressed scaffold protein with a recently discovered role in insulin signalling and glucose metabolism. Insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Afadin at S1795 occurs in insulin-responsive tissues such as adipose tissue, muscle, liver, pancreas and heart. Afadin abundance and AfadinS1795 phosphorylation are dynamically regulated in metabolic tissues during diet-induced obesity progression. Genetic silencing of AfadinS1795 phosphorylation improves glucose homeostasis in the early stages of diet-induced metabolic dysregulation. AfadinS1795 phosphorylation contributes to the early development of obesity-related complications in mice. ABSTRACT Obesity is associated with systemic insulin resistance and numerous metabolic disorders. Yet, the mechanisms underlying impaired insulin action during obesity remain to be fully elucidated. Afadin is a multifunctional scaffold protein with the ability to modulate insulin action through its phosphorylation at S1795 in adipocytes. In the present study, we report that insulin-stimulated AfadinS1795 phosphorylation is not restricted to adipose tissues, but is a common signalling event in insulin-responsive tissues including muscle, liver, pancreas and heart. Furthermore, a dynamic regulation of Afadin abundance occurred during diet-induced obesity progression, while its phosphorylation was progressively attenuated. To investigate the role of AfadinS1795 phosphorylation in the regulation of whole-body metabolic homeostasis, we generated a phospho-defective mouse model (Afadin SA) in which the Afadin phosphorylation site was silenced (S1795A) at the whole-body level using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing. Metabolic characterization of these mice under basal physiological conditions or during a high-fat diet (HFD) challenge revealed that preventing AfadinS1795 phosphorylation improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance and increased liver glycogen storage in the early stage of diet-induced metabolic dysregulation, without affecting body weight. Together, our findings reveal that AfadinS1795 phosphorylation in metabolic tissues is critical during obesity progression and contributes to promote systemic insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in the early phase of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tozzi
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erin L Brown
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patricia S S Petersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Lundh
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie S Isidor
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaja Plucińska
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas S Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marina Agueda-Oyarzabal
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lewin Small
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brice Emanuelli
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhang X, Zhao S, Yuan Q, Zhu L, Li F, Wang H, Kong D, Hao J. TXNIP, a novel key factor to cause Schwann cell dysfunction in diabetic peripheral neuropathy, under the regulation of PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition-induced DNMT1 and DNMT3a overexpression. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:642. [PMID: 34162834 PMCID: PMC8222353 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the dysfunction of Schwann cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DPN. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is known as an inhibitor of thioredoxin and associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. However, whether TXNIP is involved in dysfunction of Schwann cells of DPN and the exact mechanism is still not known. In this study, we first reported that TXNIP expression was significantly increased in the sciatic nerves of diabetic mice, accompanied by abnormal electrophysiological indexes and myelin sheath structure. Similarly, in vitro cultured Schwann cells TXNIP was evidently enhanced by high glucose stimulation. Again, the function experiment found that knockdown of TXNIP in high glucose-treated RSC96 cells led to a 4.12 times increase of LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and a 25.94% decrease of cleaved caspase 3/total caspase 3 ratio. Then, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5-Aza has been reported to benefit Schwann cell in DPN, and here 5-Aza treatment reduced TXNIP protein expression, improved autophagy and inhibited apoptosis in high glucose-treated RSC96 cells and the sciatic nerves of diabetic mice. Furthermore, DNMT1 and DNMT3a upregulation were found to be involved in TXNIP overexpression in high glucose-stimulated RSC96 cells. Silencing of DNMT1 and DNMT3a effectively reversed high glucose-enhanced TXNIP. Moreover, high glucose-inhibited PI3K/Akt pathway led to DNMT1, DNMT3a, and TXNIP upregulation in RSC96 cells. Knockdown of DNMT1 and DNMT3a prevented PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition-caused TXNIP upregulation in RSC96 cells. Finally, in vivo knockout of TXNIP improved nerve conduction function, increased autophagosome and LC3 expression, and decreased cleaved Caspase 3 and Bax expression in diabetic mice. Taken together, PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition mediated high glucose-induced DNMT1 and DNMT3a overexpression, leading to cell autophagy inhibition and apoptosis via TXNIP protein upregulation in Schwann cells of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingqing Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Electromyogram, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dezhi Kong
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Institution of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Jun Hao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
- Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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44
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Bertrand L, De Loof M, Beauloye C, Horman S, Bultot L. A new degree of complexi(n)ty in the regulation of GLUT4 trafficking. Biochem J 2021; 478:1315-9. [PMID: 33821970 DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20210008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Loss of the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in muscle is a crucial event participating in the defect of whole-body metabolism in type 2 diabetes. Therefore, identification by Pavarotti et al. (Biochem. J (2021) 478 (2): 407-422) of complexin-2 as an important contributor to glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation to muscle cell plasma membrane upon insulin stimulation is essential. The present commentary discusses the biological importance of the findings and proposes future challenges and opportunities.
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Schell M, Wardelmann K, Kleinridders A. Untangling the effect of insulin action on brain mitochondria and metabolism. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e12932. [PMID: 33506556 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of energy homeostasis is controlled by the brain and, besides requiring high amounts of energy, it relies on functional insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 signalling in the central nervous system. This energy is mainly provided by mitochondria in form of ATP. Thus, there is an intricate interplay between mitochondrial function and insulin/IGF-1 action to enable functional brain signalling and, accordingly, propagate a healthy metabolism. To adapt to different nutritional conditions, the brain is able to sense the current energy status via mitochondrial and insulin signalling-dependent pathways and exerts an appropriate metabolic response. However, regional, cell type and receptor-specific consequences of this interaction occur and are linked to diverse outcomes such as altered nutrient sensing, body weight regulation or even cognitive function. Impairments of this cross-talk can lead to obesity and glucose intolerance and are linked to neurodegenerative diseases, yet they also induce a self-sustainable, dysfunctional 'metabolic triangle' characterised by insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in the brain. The identification of causal factors deteriorating insulin action, mitochondrial function and concomitantly a signature of metabolic stress in the brain is of utter importance to offer novel mechanistic insights into development of the continuously rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration. This review aims to determine the effect of insulin action on brain mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. It precisely outlines the interaction and differences between insulin action, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 signalling and mitochondrial function; distinguishes between causality and association; and reveals its consequences for metabolism and cognition. We hypothesise that an improvement of at least one signalling pathway can overcome the vicious cycle of a self-perpetuating metabolic dysfunction in the brain present in metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Schell
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Wardelmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Nutritional Medicine, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - André Kleinridders
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Nutritional Medicine, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
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Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination are well-studied events with a recognized importance in all aspects of cellular function. By contrast, protein S-acylation, although a widespread PTM with important functions in most physiological systems, has received far less attention. Perturbations in S-acylation are linked to various disorders, including intellectual disability, cancer and diabetes, suggesting that this less-studied modification is likely to be of considerable biological importance. As an exemplar, in this review, we focus on the newly emerging links between S-acylation and the hormone insulin. Specifically, we examine how S-acylation regulates key components of the insulin secretion and insulin response pathways. The proteins discussed highlight the diverse array of proteins that are modified by S-acylation, including channels, transporters, receptors and trafficking proteins and also illustrate the diverse effects that S-acylation has on these proteins, from membrane binding and micro-localization to regulation of protein sorting and protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke H Chamberlain
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael J Shipston
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gwyn W Gould
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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Mao H, Li L, Fan Q, Angelini A, Saha PK, Wu H, Ballantyne CM, Hartig SM, Xie L, Pi X. Loss of bone morphogenetic protein-binding endothelial regulator causes insulin resistance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1927. [PMID: 33772019 PMCID: PMC7997910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that chronic inflammation of metabolic tissues plays a causal role in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Yet, how specific endothelial factors impact metabolic tissues remains undefined. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-binding endothelial regulator (BMPER) adapts endothelial cells to inflammatory stress in diverse organ microenvironments. Here, we demonstrate that BMPER is a driver of insulin sensitivity. Both global and endothelial cell-specific inducible knockout of BMPER cause hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance without increasing inflammation in metabolic tissues in mice. BMPER can directly activate insulin signaling, which requires its internalization and interaction with Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1), an integral membrane protein that transports intracellular cholesterol. These results suggest that the endocrine function of the vascular endothelium maintains glucose homeostasis. Of potential translational significance, the delivery of BMPER recombinant protein or its overexpression alleviates insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in high-fat diet-fed mice and Leprdb/db (db/db) diabetic mice. We conclude that BMPER exhibits therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Mao
- Department of Medicine, Section of Athero & Lipo, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luge Li
- Department of Medicine, Section of Athero & Lipo, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qiying Fan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Athero & Lipo, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aude Angelini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Athero & Lipo, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pradip K Saha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Diabetes Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huaizhu Wu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Athero & Lipo, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Department of Medicine, Section of Athero & Lipo, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sean M Hartig
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Diabetes Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liang Xie
- Department of Medicine, Section of Athero & Lipo, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xinchun Pi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Athero & Lipo, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Zhang M, Ceyhan Y, Kaftanovskaya EM, Vasquez JL, Vacher J, Knop FK, Nathanson L, Agoulnik AI, Ittmann MM, Agoulnik IU. INPP4B protects from metabolic syndrome and associated disorders. Commun Biol 2021; 4:416. [PMID: 33772116 PMCID: PMC7998001 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01940-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A high fat diet and obesity have been linked to the development of metabolic dysfunction and the promotion of multiple cancers. The causative cellular signals are multifactorial and not yet completely understood. In this report, we show that Inositol Polyphosphate-4-Phosphatase Type II B (INPP4B) signaling protects mice from diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. INPP4B suppresses AKT and PKC signaling in the liver thereby improving insulin sensitivity. INPP4B loss results in the proteolytic cleavage and activation of a key regulator in de novo lipogenesis and lipid storage, SREBP1. In mice fed with the high fat diet, SREBP1 increases expression and activity of PPARG and other lipogenic pathways, leading to obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Inpp4b-/- male mice have reduced energy expenditure and respiratory exchange ratio leading to increased adiposity and insulin resistance. When treated with high fat diet, Inpp4b-/- males develop type II diabetes and inflammation of adipose tissue and prostate. In turn, inflammation drives the development of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). Thus, INPP4B plays a crucial role in maintenance of overall metabolic health and protects from prostate neoplasms associated with metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqi Zhang
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Yasemin Ceyhan
- grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
| | - Elena M. Kaftanovskaya
- grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
| | - Judy L. Vasquez
- grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
| | - Jean Vacher
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Filip K. Knop
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XCenter for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark ,grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.419658.70000 0004 0646 7285Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Lubov Nathanson
- grid.261241.20000 0001 2168 8324Institute for Neuro Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL USA
| | - Alexander I. Agoulnik
- grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA ,grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA ,grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
| | - Michael M. Ittmann
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA ,grid.413890.70000 0004 0420 5521Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Irina U. Agoulnik
- grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA ,grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA ,grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
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Atilano ML, Grönke S, Niccoli T, Kempthorne L, Hahn O, Morón-Oset J, Hendrich O, Dyson M, Adams ML, Hull A, Salcher-Konrad MT, Monaghan A, Bictash M, Glaria I, Isaacs AM, Partridge L. Enhanced insulin signalling ameliorates C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion toxicity in Drosophila. eLife 2021; 10:e58565. [PMID: 33739284 PMCID: PMC8007214 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G4C2 repeat expansions within the C9orf72 gene are the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The repeats undergo repeat-associated non-ATG translation to generate toxic dipeptide repeat proteins. Here, we show that insulin/IGF signalling is reduced in fly models of C9orf72 repeat expansion using RNA sequencing of adult brain. We further demonstrate that activation of insulin/IGF signalling can mitigate multiple neurodegenerative phenotypes in flies expressing either expanded G4C2 repeats or the toxic dipeptide repeat protein poly-GR. Levels of poly-GR are reduced when components of the insulin/IGF signalling pathway are genetically activated in the diseased flies, suggesting a mechanism of rescue. Modulating insulin signalling in mammalian cells also lowers poly-GR levels. Remarkably, systemic injection of insulin improves the survival of flies expressing G4C2 repeats. Overall, our data suggest that modulation of insulin/IGF signalling could be an effective therapeutic approach against C9orf72 ALS/FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda L Atilano
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Teresa Niccoli
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Liam Kempthorne
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | | | - Miranda Dyson
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Mirjam Lisette Adams
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Alexander Hull
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Marie-Therese Salcher-Konrad
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Amy Monaghan
- Alzheimer's Research United Kingdom UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Magda Bictash
- Alzheimer's Research United Kingdom UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Idoia Glaria
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Adrian M Isaacs
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Linda Partridge
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
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50
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Jacques S, Arjomand A, Perée H, Collins P, Mayer A, Lavergne A, Wéry M, Mni M, Hego A, Thuillier V, Becker G, Bahri MA, Plenevaux A, Di Valentin E, Oury C, Moutschen M, Delvenne P, Paquot N, Rahmouni S. Dual-specificity phosphatase 3 deletion promotes obesity, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5817. [PMID: 33712680 PMCID: PMC7954796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic hepatic pathology in Western countries. It encompasses a spectrum of conditions ranging from simple steatosis to more severe and progressive non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Obesity and related metabolic syndrome are important risk factors for the development of NAFLD, NASH and HCC. DUSP3 is a small dual-specificity protein phosphatase with a poorly known physiological function. We investigated its role in metabolic syndrome manifestations and in HCC using a mouse knockout (KO) model. While aging, DUSP3-KO mice became obese, exhibited insulin resistance, NAFLD and associated liver damage. These phenotypes were exacerbated under high fat diet (HFD). In addition, DEN administration combined to HFD led to rapid HCC development in DUSP3-KO compared to wild type (WT) mice. DUSP3-KO mice had more serum triglycerides, cholesterol, AST and ALT compared to control WT mice under both regular chow diet (CD) and HFD. The level of fasting insulin was higher compared to WT mice, though, fasting glucose as well as glucose tolerance were normal. At the molecular level, HFD led to decreased expression of DUSP3 in WT mice. DUSP3 deletion was associated with increased and consistent phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR) and with higher activation of the downstream signaling pathway. In conclusion, our results support a new role for DUSP3 in obesity, insulin resistance, NAFLD and liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Jacques
- Laboratory of Animal Genomics, GIGA-Medical Genomics, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, B34, 1, Avenue de l'hôpital, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arash Arjomand
- Laboratory of Animal Genomics, GIGA-Medical Genomics, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, B34, 1, Avenue de l'hôpital, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Hélène Perée
- Laboratory of Animal Genomics, GIGA-Medical Genomics, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, B34, 1, Avenue de l'hôpital, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrick Collins
- Department of Pathology, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alice Mayer
- GIGA-Genomics Core Facility, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lavergne
- GIGA-Genomics Core Facility, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie Wéry
- Laboratory of Animal Genomics, GIGA-Medical Genomics, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, B34, 1, Avenue de l'hôpital, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Myriam Mni
- Laboratory of Animal Genomics, GIGA-Medical Genomics, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, B34, 1, Avenue de l'hôpital, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Hego
- GIGA-Imaging Core Facility, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Virginie Thuillier
- Laboratory of Animal Genomics, GIGA-Medical Genomics, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, B34, 1, Avenue de l'hôpital, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Becker
- GIGA-CRC-In Vivo Imaging, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Ali Bahri
- GIGA-CRC-In Vivo Imaging, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alain Plenevaux
- GIGA-CRC-In Vivo Imaging, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Di Valentin
- GIGA-Viral Vectors Core Facility, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cécile Oury
- Laboratory of Cardiology, GIGA-Cardiovascular Sciences, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michel Moutschen
- Infectious Diseases Department, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Nicolas Paquot
- Division of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, CHU Sart-Tilman and GIGA-I3, Immunometabolism and Nutrition Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Souad Rahmouni
- Laboratory of Animal Genomics, GIGA-Medical Genomics, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, B34, 1, Avenue de l'hôpital, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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