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Dang R, Wang J, Tang M, Han W, Jiang P. Vitamin D Receptor Activation Attenuates Olanzapine-Induced Dyslipidemia in Mice Through Alleviating Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300228. [PMID: 37565702 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of vitamin D (VD) signaling in atypical antipsychotics (AAPs)-induced metabolic disturbances has been previously established. This study aims to elucidate the role of VD in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis and its impact on AAPs-induced metabolic adverse effects. Female C57BL/6 mice receive either calcitriol or vehicle one week prior to co-treatment with olanzapine (OLZ) for an additional four weeks. Metabolic parameters, hepatic ER homeostasis, and the SREBPs pathway are assessed through biochemical assays and protein expression profiling. HepG2 cells are transfected with vitamin D receptor (VDR) siRNA for VDR knockdown. OLZ-treated HepG2 cells are exposed to calcitriol to examine its effects on SREBPs and the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways. VDR activation by calcitriol reduces OLZ-induced hepatic ER stress, leading to decreased SREBPs activity and lipid accumulation. Conversely, the knockdown of VDR in HepG2 cells diminishes the protective effects of calcitriol against OLZ-induced ER stress and SREBPs activation. This resulted in sustained UPR activation, elevated cleaved SREBPs levels, and increased lipid accumulation. These findings highlight an essential role of VDR signaling in the beneficial effects of VD on OLZ-induced metabolic side effects. Targeting VDR to resolve ER stress is likely an applicable therapeutic strategy for AAPs-induced metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruili Dang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Mimi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wenxiu Han
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China
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2
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Ma J, Zheng Y, Sun F, Fan Y, Fan Y, Su X, Wang Z, Weng N, Li R. Research progress in the correlation between SREBP/PCSK9 pathway and lipid metabolism disorders induced by antipsychotics. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 48:1529-1538. [PMID: 38432882 PMCID: PMC10929898 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Antipsychotic medications are commonly used to treat schizophrenia, but they can have negative effects on lipid metabolism, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, reduced life expectancy, and difficulties with treatment adherence. The specific mechanisms by which antipsychotics disrupt lipid metabolism are not well understood. Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are important transcriptional factors that regulate lipid metabolism. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a gene regulated by SREBPs, plays a critical role in controlling levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and has become a focus of research on lipid-lowering drugs. Recent studies have shown that antipsychotic drugs can affect lipid metabolism through the SREBP/PCSK9 pathway. A deep understanding of the mechanism for this pathway in antipsychotic drug-related metabolic abnormalities will promote the prevention of lipid metabolism disorders in patients with schizophrenia and the development and application of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Ma
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining Shandong 272067.
| | - Yunshao Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan 250014
| | - Fengxia Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan 250014
| | - Yunli Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan 250014
| | - Yunming Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan 250014
| | - Xianbiao Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan 250014
| | - Zhongbao Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining Shandong 272051, China
| | - Ning Weng
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan 250014
| | - Ranran Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan 250014.
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3
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Ross MG, Kobayashi K, Han G, Desai M. Modulation of Milk and Lipid Synthesis and Secretion in a3-Dimensional Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cell Culture Model: Effects of Palmitate and Orlistat. Nutrients 2022; 14:4948. [PMID: 36500977 PMCID: PMC9739267 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk synthesis is impacted by maternal diet, serum composition, and substrate uptake and synthesis by mammary epithelial cells (MECs). The milk of obese/high-fat-diet women has an increased fat content, which promote excess infant weight gain and the risk of childhood/adult obesity. Yet, the knowledge of milk synthesis regulation is limited, and there are no established approaches to modulate human milk composition. We established a 3-dimensional mouse MEC primary culture that recreates the milk production pathway and tested the effects of the major saturated fatty acid in human milk (palmitate) and a lipoprotein lipase inhibitor (orlistat) on triglyceride production. Positive immunostaining confirmed the presence of milk protein and intracellular lipid including milk globules in the cytoplasm and extracellular space. The treatment with palmitate activated "milk" production by MECs (β-casein) and the lipid pathway (as evident by increased protein and mRNA expression). Consistent with these cellular changes, there was increased secretion of milk protein and triglyceride in MEC "milk". The treatment with orlistat suppressed milk triglyceride production. Palmitate increased milk and lipid synthesis, partly via lipoprotein lipase activation. These findings demonstrate the ability to examine MEC pathways of milk production via both protein and mRNA and to modulate select pathways regulating milk composition in MEC culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Ross
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Ken Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Guang Han
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Mina Desai
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
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Nezhadebrahimi A, Sepehri H, Jahanshahi M, Marjani M, Marjani A. The effect of simvastatin on gene expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor, sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 mRNA in rat hepatic tissues. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1383-1390. [PMID: 32643419 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1772829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the effect of simvastatin on gene expression of LDLR, SREBPs, and SCD1 in rat hepatic tissues fed with high-fat diets (HFD) and its association with some biochemical parameters. Thirty-two male Wister albino rats were divided into four equal groups (three test and one control groups). The biochemical parameters were determined by using spectrophotometer techniques and the Elisa method. Low-density lipoprotein receptor, sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, stearoyl-CoA desaturase1, Beta-actin were analysed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. At the end of study, the livers of the rats were separated and changes of hepatic tissue were determined. LDLR, SREBP2, and SCD1 expression increased significantly when compared G1 versus G4 and G2 versus G4. The expression of LDLR, SREBP2, and SCD1 also increased significantly when compared G2 versus G3, G1versus G3 and G1 versus G3 and G2 versus G3. The serum level of cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, LDL, and HDL increased significantly when compared G1 versus G3. LDL showed significantly decreased when compared G1 versus G2. Cholesterol, glucose and HDL and triglyceride levels were increased significantly when compared G1 versus G4 and G2. Treatment of rats with HFD and simvastatin 20 mg/kg, triglyceride and LDL were almost the same as a control group and LDLR expression increased 98% in liver tissue. Gene expressions may be up-regulated in liver tissue and they showed different effects on biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Nezhadebrahimi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Student Research Center, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamid Sepehri
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Jahanshahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Majid Marjani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Abdoljalal Marjani
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Refaat B, Abdelghany AH, Ahmad J, Abdalla OM, Elshopakey GE, Idris S, El-Boshy M. Vitamin D 3 enhances the effects of omega-3 oils against metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in rat. Biofactors 2022; 48:498-513. [PMID: 34767670 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of omega-3 oils (OM) and/or vitamin D3 (VD) against metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Forty rats were divided into negative (NC) and positive (PC) controls, OM, VD, and OM + VD groups, and MAFLD was induced by high-fat/high-fructose diet (12 weeks). Oral OM (415 mg/kg/day) and/or intramuscular VD (290 IU/kg/day) were given for 4 weeks (5 times/week). The PC animals were markedly obese and had hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, elevated liver enzymes, abnormal hepatic histology, and increased caspase-3 with apoptosis than the NC group. The expression of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α; 5.3-fold), insulin induced gene-1 (INSIG1; 7.8-fold), adiponectin receptor-1 (AdipoR1; 4.4-fold), and leptin receptor (LEPR; 6-fold) declined, while PPAR-γ (3.7-fold) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP1; 2.4-fold) increased, in the PC than the NC group. Leptin (2.2-fold), malondialdehyde (2.1-fold), protein carbonyl groups (17.3-fold), IL-1β (4.4-fold), IL-6 (2.1-fold), TNF-α (1.8-fold) also increased, whereas adiponectin (2.8-fold) glutathione (2.1-fold), glutathione peroxidase-1 (2.4-fold), glutathione reductase (2.2-fold), catalase (1.4-fold), and IL-10 (2.8-fold) decreased, in the PC livers. Both monotherapies attenuated obesity, metabolic profiles, and PPAR-γ/SREBP1/leptin/Caspase-3/apoptosis, while induced PPAR-α/adiponectin/AdipoR1/LEPR/INSIG1. The monotherapies also reduced the oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory markers and increased the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules. However, the OM effects were better than VD monotherapy. Alternatively, the co-therapy group showed the greatest ameliorations in liver functions, lipid-regulatory molecules, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. In conclusion, while OM monotherapy was superior to VD, the co-therapy protocol displayed the best alleviations against MAFLD, possibly by enhanced modulation of metabolic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Refaat
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jawwad Ahmad
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M Abdalla
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Gehad E Elshopakey
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shakir Idris
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Boshy
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Ferré P, Phan F, Foufelle F. SREBP-1c and lipogenesis in the liver: an update1. Biochem J 2021; 478:3723-39. [PMID: 34673919 DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20210071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1c is a transcription factor that controls the synthesis of lipids from glucose in the liver, a process which is of utmost importance for the storage of energy. Discovered in the early nineties by B. Spiegelman and by M. Brown and J. Goldstein, it has generated more than 5000 studies in order to elucidate its mechanism of activation and its role in physiology and pathology. Synthetized as a precursor found in the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, it has to be exported to the Golgi and cleaved by a mechanism called regulated intramembrane proteolysis. We reviewed in 2002 its main characteristics, its activation process and its role in the regulation of hepatic glycolytic and lipogenic genes. We particularly emphasized that Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1c is the mediator of insulin effects on these genes. In the present review, we would like to update these informations and focus on the response to insulin and to another actor in Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1c activation, the endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Yang W, Luo Y, Yang S, Zeng M, Zhang S, Liu J, Han Y, Liu Y, Zhu X, Wu H, Liu F, Sun L, Xiao L. Ectopic lipid accumulation: potential role in tubular injury and inflammation in diabetic kidney disease. Clin Sci (Lond). 2018;132:2407-2422. [PMID: 30348828 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Emerging studies suggest that lipid accumulates in the kidneys during diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the correlation between ectopic lipid accumulation with tubular damage has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. Using Oil Red staining, lipid accumulation was observed in the kidneys of type 2 DKD patients (classes II-III) and db/db mice compared with the control and was predominantly located in the proximal tubular compartment. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining showed that the intensity of adipose differentiation related protein (ADRP) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) was clearly up-regulated, which was positively correlated with the tubulointerstitial damage score and inflammation. Furthermore, the urine ADRP content significantly increased in DKD patients compared with the control, which positively correlated with abnormal lipid metabolism, serum creatinine, urine N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG), albumin excretion (albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR)), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression. However, there was no significant difference observed in plasma ADRP levels. In addition, the expression of SREBP-1 protein was dramatically increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from DKD patients, which was also tightly correlated with urine NAG, ACR, and TNF-α levels. In vitro studies demonstrated increased ADRP and SREBP-1 expression accompanied by lipid accumulation in HK-2 cells cultured in high glucose (HG). HG induced high levels of TNF-α expression, which was partially blocked by transfection of ADRP siRNA or SREBP-1 siRNA. These data indicated that ADRP and SREBP-1 are crucial factors that mediate lipid accumulation with tubular damage and inflammation in DKD, and ectopic lipid accumulation may serve as a novel therapeutic target for amelioration of tubular injury in DKD.
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Shim SH, Sur S, Steele R, Albert CJ, Huang C, Ford DA, Ray RB. Disrupting cholesterol esterification by bitter melon suppresses triple-negative breast cancer cell growth. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1599-1607. [PMID: 30074275 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive with a worse prognosis. We have recently shown that bitter melon extract (BME) treatment was more effective in inhibition of TNBC tumor growth in mouse models as compared to ER positive breast tumor growth. Aberrant dysregulation of lipid metabolism is associated with breast cancer progression, however, anti-cancer mechanism of BME linking lipid metabolism in breast cancer growth remains unexplored. Here, we observed that accumulation of esterified cholesterol was reduced in BME treated TNBC cell lines as compared to control cells. We next evaluated expression levels of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT-1) in TNBC cells treated with BME. Our results demonstrated that BME treatment inhibited ACAT-1 expression in TNBC cells. Subsequently, we found that sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1 and -2, and FASN was significantly reduced in BME treated TNBC cell lines. Low-density lipoprotein receptor was also downregulated in BME treated TNBC cells as compared to control cells. We further demonstrated that BME feeding reduced tumor growth in TNBC mammospheres implanted into NSG mice, and inhibits ACAT-1 expression. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating BME suppresses TNBC cell growth through ACAT-1 inhibition, and have potential for additional therapeutic regimen against human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Shim
- Departments of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Subhayan Sur
- Departments of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert Steele
- Departments of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Carolyn J Albert
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Chunfa Huang
- Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - David A Ford
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ratna B Ray
- Departments of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri.,Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
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Yang TH, Yao HT, Chiang MT. Red algae (Gelidium amansii) hot-water extract ameliorates lipid metabolism in hamsters fed a high-fat diet. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:931-938. [PMID: 28987370 PMCID: PMC9328878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Gelidium amansii (GA) hot-water extracts (GHE) on lipid metabolism in hamsters. Six-week-old male Syrian hamsters were used as the experimental animals. Hamsters were divided into four groups: (1) control diet group (CON); (2) high-fat diet group (HF); (3) HF with GHE diet group (HF + GHE); (4) HF with probucol diet group (HF + PO). All groups were fed the experimental diets and drinking water ad libitum for 6 weeks. The results showed that GHE significantly decreased body weight, liver weight, and adipose tissue (perirenal and paraepididymal) weight. The HF diet induced an increase in plasma triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. However, GHE supplementation reversed the increase of plasma lipids caused by the HF diet. In addition, GHE increased fecal cholesterol, TG and bile acid excretion. Lower hepatic TC and TG levels were found with GHE treatment. GHE reduced hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP) including SREBP 1 and SREBP 2 protein expressions. The phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein expression in hamsters was decreased by the HF diet; however, GHE supplementation increased the phosphorylation of AMPK protein expression. Our results suggest that GHE may ameliorate lipid metabolism in hamsters fed a HF diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Han Yang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung,
Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsien-Tsung Yao
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung,
Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Tsan Chiang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung,
Taiwan, ROC
- Corresponding author. Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC. E-mail address: (M.-T. Chiang)
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Wen G, Pachner LI, Gessner DK, Eder K, Ringseis R. Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins are regulators of the sodium/iodide symporter in mammary epithelial cells. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:9211-9226. [PMID: 27614840 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS), which is essential for iodide concentration in the thyroid, is reported to be transcriptionally regulated by sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP) in rat FRTL-5 thyrocytes. The SREBP are strongly activated after parturition and throughout lactation in the mammary gland of cattle and are important for mammary epithelial cell synthesis of milk lipids. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the NIS gene is regulated also by SREBP in mammary epithelial cells, in which NIS is functionally expressed during lactation. Regulation of NIS expression and iodide uptake was investigated by means of inhibition, silencing, and overexpression of SREBP and by reporter gene and DNA-binding assays. As a mammary epithelial cell model, the human MCF-7 cell line, a breast adenocarcinoma cell line, which shows inducible expression of NIS by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and unlike bovine mammary epithelial cells, is widely used to investigate the regulation of mammary gland NIS and NIS-specific iodide uptake, was used. Inhibition of SREBP maturation by treatment with 25-hydroxycholesterol (5 µM) for 48h reduced ATRA (1 µM)-induced mRNA concentration of NIS and iodide uptake in MCF-7 cells by approximately 20%. Knockdown of SREBP-1c and SREBP-2 by RNA interference decreased the mRNA and protein concentration of NIS by 30 to 50% 48h after initiating knockdown, whereas overexpression of nuclear SREBP (nSREBP)-1c and nSREBP-2 increased the expression of NIS in MCF-7 cells by 45 to 60%, respectively, 48h after initiating overexpression. Reporter gene experiments with varying length of NIS promoter reporter constructs revealed that the NIS 5'-flanking region is activated by nSREBP-1c and nSREBP-2 approximately 1.5- and 4.5-fold, respectively, and activation involves a SREBP-binding motif (SRE) at -38 relative to the transcription start site of the NIS gene. Gel shift assays using oligonucleotides spanning either the wild-type or the mutated SRE at -38 of the NIS 5'-flanking region showed that in vitro-translated nSREBP-1c and nSREBP-2 bind only the wild-type but not the mutated SRE at -38 of NIS. Collectively, the present results from cell culture experiments with human mammary epithelial MCF-7 cells and from genetic studies show for the first time that the NIS gene and iodide uptake are regulated by SREBP in cultured human mammary epithelial cells. Future studies are necessary to clarify if the regulation of NIS expression and iodide uptake by SREBP also applies to the lactating bovine mammary epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - L I Pachner
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - D K Gessner
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - K Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - R Ringseis
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
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11
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Li GS, Liu XH, Zhu H, Huang L, Liu YL, Ma CM. Skeletal muscle insulin resistance in hamsters with diabetes developed from obesity is involved in abnormal skeletal muscle LXR, PPAR and SREBP expression. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:2259-2269. [PMID: 27284309 PMCID: PMC4887951 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic ‘lipotoxicity’ theory suggests that fat-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance (FISMIR) in obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), which leads to ectopic lipid accumulation in insulin-sensitive tissues, may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. However, the changes in gene expression and the molecular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of FISMIR have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study the changes in skeletal muscle gene expression were examined in FISMIR in obese insulin-resistant and diabetic hamster models induced by HFD with or without low-dose streptozotocin-treatment. Microarray technology and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to explore the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. The pathophysiological and metabolic features of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans are closely resembled by these hamster models. The results of microarray analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes associated with metabolism were mostly related to the abnormal regulation and changes in the gene expression of liver X receptor (LXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) transcriptional programs in the skeletal muscle from insulin-resistant and diabetic hamsters. The microarray findings confirmed by RT-qPCR indicated that the increased expression of SREBPs and LXRβ and the decreased expression of LXRα and PPARs were involved in the molecular mechanisms of FISMIR pathogenesis in insulin-resistant and diabetic hamsters. A significant difference in the abnormal expression of skeletal muscle LXRs, PPARs and SREBPs was found between insulin-resistant and diabetic hamsters. It may be concluded that the combined abnormal expression of LXR, PPAR and SREBP transcriptional programs may contribute to the development of FISMIR mediated by skeletal muscle lipid accumulation resulting from abnormal skeletal muscle glucose and lipid metabolism in these HFD- and streptozotocin injection-induced insulin-resistant and diabetic hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Sheng Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Han Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Li Liu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Mei Ma
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100021, P.R. China
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Miyata S, Inoue J, Shimizu M, Sato R. Xanthohumol Improves Diet-induced Obesity and Fatty Liver by Suppressing Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein (SREBP) Activation. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:20565-79. [PMID: 26140926 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.656975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are key transcription factors that stimulate the expression of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis. Here, we demonstrate that a prenylated flavonoid in hops, xanthohumol (XN), is a novel SREBP inactivator that reduces the de novo synthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. XN independently suppressed the maturation of SREBPs of insulin-induced genes in a manner different from sterols. Our results suggest that XN impairs the endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi translocation of the SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP)-SREBP complex by binding to Sec23/24 and blocking SCAP/SREBP incorporation into common coated protein II vesicles. Furthermore, in diet-induced obese mice, dietary XN suppressed SREBP-1 target gene expression in the liver accompanied by a reduction of the mature form of hepatic SREBP-1, and it inhibited the development of obesity and hepatic steatosis. Altogether, our data suggest that XN attenuates the function of SREBP-1 by repressing its maturation and that it has the potential of becoming a nutraceutical food or pharmacological agent for improving metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Miyata
- From the Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- From the Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Makoto Shimizu
- From the Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Sato
- From the Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Han C, Wan H, Ma S, Liu D, He F, Wang J, Pan Z, Liu H, Li L, He H, Xu H, Wei S, Xu F. RETRACTED: Role of mammalian sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in lipids metabolism and cell proliferation of goose primary hepatocytes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 382:282-291. [PMID: 24145124 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Authors. It has come to the attention of the corresponding author that there are two errors in Section 3.1 of the Results section titled “Effect of overfeeding on gene expression and enzyme activity of several genes in liver”. The first error is that the article contains the wrong number of overfeeding days. The second error is that there are incorrect correlations between liver weight, lipids content in live and plasma metabolic substrates because of the wrong overfeeding days. The authors take responsibility for them and apologize to the readership of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchun Han
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.
| | - Huofu Wan
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Shuang Ma
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Fang He
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Zhixiong Pan
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Hua He
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Hongyong Xu
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Shouhai Wei
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- Institute of Animal Breeding & Genetic, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
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Dawczynski C, Massey KA, Ness C, Kiehntopf M, Stepanow S, Platzer M, Grün M, Nicolaou A, Jahreis G. Randomized placebo-controlled intervention with n-3 LC-PUFA-supplemented yoghurt: effects on circulating eicosanoids and cardiovascular risk factors. Clin Nutr 2013; 32:686-96. [PMID: 23332800 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The study examined the value of n-3 LC-PUFA-enriched yogurt as means of improving cardiovascular health. DESIGN Fifty three mildly hypertriacylglycerolemic subjects (TAG ≥ 1.7 mmol/L) participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel designed study. The subjects consumed 1) control yoghurt; 2) yoghurt enriched with 0.8 g n-3 LC-PUFA/d; or 3) yoghurt enriched with 3 g n-3 LC-PUFA/d for a period of 10 wks. Blood samples were taken at the beginning and the end of the study period. RESULTS Following daily intake of 3 g n-3 LC-PUFA for 10 weeks, n-3 LC-PUFA levels increased significantly in plasma and red blood cells (RBC) with concomitant increase in the EPA-derived mediators (PGE₃, 12-, 15-, 18-HEPE) in plasma whilst cardiovascular risk factors such as HDL, TAG, AA/EPA ratio, and n-3 index were improved (P < 0.05); the decrease of TAG and increase in HDL were associated with the CD36 genotype. CONCLUSION The observed increase of n-3 LC-PUFA in RBC and plasma lipids due to intake of n-3 LC-PUFA enriched yoghurt resulted in a reduction of cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory mediators showing that daily consumption of n-3 PUFA enriched yoghurt can be an effective way of supplementing the daily diet and improving cardiovascular health.
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Nohturfft A, DeBose-Boyd RA, Scheek S, Goldstein JL, Brown MS. Sterols regulate cycling of SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:11235-40. [PMID: 10500160 PMCID: PMC18017 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.20.11235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteolytic cleavage of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) is regulated by SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP), which forms complexes with SREBPs in membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In sterol-depleted cells, SCAP facilitates cleavage of SREBPs by Site-1 protease, thereby initiating release of active NH(2)-terminal fragments from the ER membrane so that they can enter the nucleus and activate gene expression. In sterol-overloaded cells, the activity of SCAP is blocked, SREBPs remain bound to membranes, and transcription of sterol-regulated genes declines. Here, we provide evidence that sterols act by inhibiting the cycling of SCAP between the ER and Golgi. We use glycosidases, glycosidase inhibitors, and a glycosylation-defective mutant cell line to demonstrate that the N-linked carbohydrates of SCAP are modified by Golgi enzymes in sterol-depleted cells. After modification, SCAP returns to the ER, as indicated by experiments that show that the Golgi-modified forms of SCAP cofractionate with ER membranes on density gradients. In sterol-overloaded cells, the Golgi modifications of SCAP do not occur, apparently because SCAP fails to leave the ER. Golgi modifications of SCAP are restored when sterol-overloaded cells are treated with brefeldin A, which causes Golgi enzymes to translocate to the ER. These studies suggest that sterols regulate the cleavage of SREBPs by modulating the ability of SCAP to transport SREBPs to a post-ER compartment that houses active Site-1 protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nohturfft
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
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