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Kim P, Littau M, Baker TB, Abdelsattar Z, Tonelli C, Bunn C, Kulshrestha S, Luchette FA, Scaglione S, Baker MS. The benefit of liver transplant beyond Milan criteria: An analysis using the National Cancer Database. Surgery 2022; 172:1823-1828. [PMID: 36096963 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2022.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Published studies examining the efficacy of liver transplantation in patients presenting with hepatocellular cancer beyond the traditional Milan criteria for liver transplantation have primarily been single institution series with limited ability to compare outcomes to alternative methods of management. METHODS We queried the National Cancer Database to identify patients presenting between 2004 and 2016 with histologically confirmed clinical stage III and IVA hepatocellular cancer. Multivariable regression was used to identify factors associated with liver transplantation. Patients undergoing liver transplantation were 1:1 propensity score-matched for age, demographics, comorbid disease, clinical stage, and histologic resection margin to those undergoing surgical resection. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare overall survival profiles for matched cohorts. RESULTS Seven hundred and ninety-two patients met inclusion criteria-590 (74.5%) underwent surgical resection and 202 (25.5%) liver transplantation. On adjusted analysis, patients undergoing liver transplantation were less likely to have advanced age (>60 years; odds ratio 0.39, 95% confidence interval [0.21-0.71]) and to be of Black race (odds ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval [0.23-0.73]) or Asian (odds ratio 0.25, 95% confidence interval [0.11-0.53]) ethnicity but were more likely to have advanced (Charlson score >2) comorbidity scores, (odds ratio 2.48, 95% confidence interval [1.58-3.90]) and more likely to have private health insurance (odds ratio 4.17, 95% confidence interval [1.31-18.66]) than those undergoing surgical resection. On Kaplan-Meier analysis of matched cohorts, patients undergoing liver transplantation demonstrated significantly better rates of 5-year overall survival (65.3% vs 26.3%, P < .0001) and longer median overall survival times than those undergoing resection (53.1 ± 2.78 vs 26.9 ± 1.20 months, P < .0001). CONCLUSION Liver transplantation offers the potential to be an effective treatment modality in select patients presenting with stage III and IVA hepatocellular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preston Kim
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Michael Littau
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Talia B Baker
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, IL
| | - Zaid Abdelsattar
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Celsa Tonelli
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Corinne Bunn
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | | | - Fred A Luchette
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Steven Scaglione
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Marshall S Baker
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL.
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2
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Singh J, Wozniak A, Cotler SJ, Dhanarajan A, Aldrich D, Park D, Kasia C, Schmidt B, Scaglione S. Combined Use of Aspirin and Statin is Associated With a Decreased Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Gastroenterol 2022; 56:369-373. [PMID: 33883511 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer and cancer-related mortality worldwide. Studies have suggested that aspirin (ASA) and statins may be associated with a decrease in incident HCC. GOALS We aimed to evaluate the effect of ASA and statin use on the incidence of HCC in a prospective cohort of patients with liver cirrhosis and to identify if there was an increased risk of esophageal variceal hemorrhage (VH) in patients with ASA use. STUDY We conducted a retrospective study of 521 patients with data collected from July 1, 2012 to December 31, 2017. We used competing risk analysis to assess the association between risk factors and HCC; and the association between ASA and VH. RESULTS ASA use alone was associated with a decreased incidence of HCC in the univariate and multivariate models; [hazard ratio (HR) confidence interval (CI): 0.348 (0.124-0.976); P=0.0448] and [HR (CI): 0.266 (0.094-0.755); P=0.0129, respectively]. The combination of ASA and statin use was associated with a decreased hazard of HCC [HR (CI): 0.15 (0.036-0.624); P=0.0090] and this remained statistically significant in the multivariable model [HR (CI): 0.113 (0.026-0.483); P=0.0033]. Among daily ASA users compared with non-users, there was not a significant increase in risk of VH. CONCLUSIONS Daily ASA use was associated with a decrease risk of incident HCC. The combination of daily ASA use and statin use decreased the risk of incident HCC suggesting there is beneficial interaction. Finally, no excess VH was observed in daily ASA users compared with non-users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasleen Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center
| | - Amy Wozniak
- Clinical Research Office, Biostatistics, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Scott J Cotler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center
| | - Asha Dhanarajan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center
| | - Daniel Aldrich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center
| | - David Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center
| | - Chris Kasia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center
| | - Benjamin Schmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center
| | - Steven Scaglione
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center
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Marzagalli M, Castriconi R, Bottino C, Scaglione S. 183P A novel human immunocompetent platform for immunotherapy screening. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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4
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Reasoner SA, Enriquez KT, Abelson B, Scaglione S, Schneier B, O'Connor MG, Van Horn G, Hadjifrangiskou M. Urinary tract infections in cystic fibrosis patients. J Cyst Fibros 2021; 21:e1-e4. [PMID: 34330649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Improved understanding of non-respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients will be vital to sustaining the increased life span of these patients. To date, there has not been a published report of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in CF patients. We performed a retrospective chart review at a major academic medical center during 2010-2020 to determine the features of UTIs in 826 CF patients. We identified 108 UTI episodes during this period. Diabetes, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS), and nephrolithiasis were correlated with increased risk of UTIs. UTIs in CF patients were less likely to be caused by Gram-negative rods compared to non-CF patients and more likely to be caused by Enterococcus faecalis. The unique features of UTIs in CF patients highlight the importance of investigating non-respiratory infections to ensure appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth A Reasoner
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Kyle T Enriquez
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Benjamin Abelson
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Steven Scaglione
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Bennett Schneier
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Michael G O'Connor
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Gerald Van Horn
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Center for Personalized Microbiology (CPMi), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Maria Hadjifrangiskou
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Center for Personalized Microbiology (CPMi), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology & Inflammation (VI4), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.
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5
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Takedachi A, Despras E, Scaglione S, Guérois R, Guervilly JH, Blin M, Audebert S, Camoin L, Hasanova Z, Schertzer M, Guille A, Churikov D, Callebaut I, Naim V, Chaffanet M, Borg JP, Bertucci F, Revy P, Birnbaum D, Londoño-Vallejo A, Kannouche PL, Gaillard PHL. Publisher Correction: SLX4 interacts with RTEL1 to prevent transcription-mediated DNA replication perturbations. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2020; 27:604. [PMID: 32409716 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-020-0447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Takedachi
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France.,Inovarion, Paris, France.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - E Despras
- CNRS UMR9019, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - S Scaglione
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - R Guérois
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, cedex, France
| | - J H Guervilly
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - M Blin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - S Audebert
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - L Camoin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Z Hasanova
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France.,Institute of Molecular Genetics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Schertzer
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR3244, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR3244, Paris, France
| | - A Guille
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - D Churikov
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - I Callebaut
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Paris, France
| | - V Naim
- CNRS UMR9019, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - M Chaffanet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - J P Borg
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - F Bertucci
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - P Revy
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genome Dynamics in the Immune System, Equipe Labellisée La Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - D Birnbaum
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - A Londoño-Vallejo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR3244, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR3244, Paris, France
| | - P L Kannouche
- CNRS UMR9019, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - P H L Gaillard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France.
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Rich NE, Yang JD, Perumalswami PV, Alkhouri N, Jackson W, Parikh ND, Mehta N, Salgia R, Duarte-Rojo A, Kulik L, Rakoski M, Said A, Oloruntoba O, Ioannou GN, Hoteit MA, Moon AM, Rangnekar AS, Eswaran SL, Zheng E, Jou JH, Hanje J, Pillai A, Hernaez R, Wong R, Scaglione S, Samant H, Kapuria D, Chandna S, Rosenblatt R, Ajmera V, Frenette CT, Satapathy SK, Mantry P, Jalal P, John BV, Fix OK, Leise M, Lindenmeyer CC, Flores A, Patel N, Jiang ZG, Latt N, Dhanasekaran R, Odewole M, Kagan S, Marrero JA, Singal AG. Provider Attitudes and Practice Patterns for Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy for Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 18:974-983. [PMID: 31357028 PMCID: PMC8174017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are effective against hepatitis C virus and sustained virologic response is associated with reduced incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is controversy over the use of DAAs in patients with active or treated HCC and uncertainty about optimal management of these patients. We aimed to characterize attitudes and practice patterns of hepatology practitioners in the United States regarding the use of DAAs in patients with HCC. METHODS We conducted a survey of hepatology providers at 47 tertiary care centers in 25 states. Surveys were sent to 476 providers and we received 279 responses (58.6%). RESULTS Provider beliefs about risk of HCC recurrence after DAA therapy varied: 48% responded that DAAs reduce risk, 36% responded that DAAs do not change risk, and 16% responded that DAAs increase risk of HCC recurrence. However, most providers believed DAAs to be beneficial to and reduce mortality of patients with complete response to HCC treatment. Accordingly, nearly all providers (94.9%) reported recommending DAA therapy to patients with early-stage HCC who received curative treatment. However, fewer providers recommended DAA therapy for patients with intermediate (72.9%) or advanced (57.5%) HCC undergoing palliative therapies. Timing of DAA initiation varied among providers based on HCC treatment modality: 49.1% of providers reported they would initiate DAA therapy within 3 months of surgical resection whereas 45.9% and 5.0% would delay DAA initiation for 3-12 months and >1 year post-surgery, respectively. For patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), 42.0% of providers would provide DAAs within 3 months of the procedure, 46.7% would delay DAAs until 3-12 months afterward, and 11.3% would delay DAAs more than 1 year after TACE. CONCLUSIONS Based on a survey sent to hepatology providers, there is variation in provider attitudes and practice patterns regarding use and timing of DAAs for patients with HCC. Further studies are needed to characterize the risks and benefits of DAA therapy in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E Rich
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
| | - Ju Dong Yang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Comprehensive Transplant Center and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ponni V Perumalswami
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Naim Alkhouri
- Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Whitney Jackson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
| | - Neehar D Parikh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Neil Mehta
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Reena Salgia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Andres Duarte-Rojo
- T.E. Starzl Transplantation Institute and Center for Liver Disease, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura Kulik
- Division of Hepatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mina Rakoski
- Transplantation Institute and Division of Gastroenterology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California
| | - Adnan Said
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Omobonike Oloruntoba
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Duke University Health Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - George N Ioannou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare System and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Maarouf A Hoteit
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew M Moon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Amol S Rangnekar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Sheila L Eswaran
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elizabeth Zheng
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Janice H Jou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - James Hanje
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anjana Pillai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ruben Hernaez
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine and Michael E. Debakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System, Oakland, California
| | - Steven Scaglione
- Division of Hepatology, Loyola University Medical Center and Edward Hines Veterans Affairs, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hrishikesh Samant
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Devika Kapuria
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Shaun Chandna
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Russell Rosenblatt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Veeral Ajmera
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Catherine T Frenette
- Division of Organ Transplantation, Scripps Green Hospital, San Diego, California
| | - Sanjaya K Satapathy
- Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Prasun Jalal
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Binu V John
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Oren K Fix
- Organ Transplant Department, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael Leise
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Avegail Flores
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Nayan Patel
- Banner Transplant Institute, Banner - University Medical Center Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Z Gordon Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nyan Latt
- Oschner Multi-Organ Transplant Institute, Oschner Health System, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Mobolaji Odewole
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sofia Kagan
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jorge A Marrero
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Amit G Singal
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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7
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Schmidt B, Scaglione S, Ding X. Elevated Liver Enzymes in a Young Man with Hyperlipidemia. Gastroenterology 2019; 157:e6-e8. [PMID: 31319073 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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8
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Singal AG, Rich NE, Mehta N, Branch AD, Pillai A, Hoteit M, Volk M, Odewole M, Scaglione S, Guy J, Said A, Feld JJ, John BV, Frenette C, Mantry P, Rangnekar AS, Oloruntoba O, Leise M, Jou JH, Bhamidimarri KR, Kulik L, Ioannou GN, Huang A, Tran T, Samant H, Dhanasekaran R, Duarte-Rojo A, Salgia R, Eswaran S, Jalal P, Flores A, Satapathy SK, Kagan S, Gopal P, Wong R, Parikh ND, Murphy CC. Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy for Hepatitis C Virus Infection Is Associated With Increased Survival in Patients With a History of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2019; 157:1253-1263.e2. [PMID: 31374215 PMCID: PMC6815711 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS There is controversy regarding the benefits of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection for patients with a history of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We performed a multicenter cohort study to compare overall survival between patients with HCV infection treated with DAAs and patients who did not receive DAA treatment for their HCV infection after complete response to prior HCC therapy. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with HCV-related HCC who achieved a complete response to resection, local ablation, transarterial chemo- or radioembolization, or radiation therapy, from January 2013 through December 2017 at 31 health care systems throughout the United States and Canada. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to determine the association between receipt of DAA therapy, modeled as a time-varying covariate, and all-cause mortality, accounting for informative censoring and confounding using inverse probability weighting. RESULTS Of 797 patients with HCV-related HCC, 383 (48.1%) received DAA therapy and 414 (51.9%) did not receive treatment for their HCV infection after complete response to prior HCC therapy. Among DAA-treated patients, 43 deaths occurred during 941 person-years of follow-up, compared with 103 deaths during 526.6 person-years of follow-up among patients who did not receive DAA therapy (crude rate ratio, 0.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16-0.33). In inverse probability-weighted analyses, DAA therapy was associated with a significant reduction in risk of death (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.33-0.90). This association differed by sustained virologic response to DAA therapy; risk of death was reduced in patients with sustained virologic response to DAA therapy (hazard ratio, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.18-0.47), but not in patients without a sustained virologic response (hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.55-2.33). CONCLUSIONS In an analysis of nearly 800 patients with complete response to HCC treatment, DAA therapy was associated with a significant reduction in risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit G. Singal
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, UT Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Nicole E. Rich
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, UT Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Neil Mehta
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco
| | | | - Anjana Pillai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago
| | - Maarouf Hoteit
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Volk
- Transplantation Institute and Division of Gastroenterology, Loma Linda University Health
| | - Mobolaji Odewole
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, UT Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Steven Scaglione
- Division of Hepatology, Loyola University Medical Center and Edward Hines Veterans Affairs
| | - Jennifer Guy
- Department of Transplantation, California Pacific Medical Center
| | - Adnan Said
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
| | - Jordan J. Feld
- Toronto Center for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital
| | - Binu V. John
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, McGuire VA Medical Center
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael Leise
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic
| | - Janice H. Jou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Oregon Health and Science University
| | | | - Laura Kulik
- Division of Hepatology, Northwestern University
| | - George N. Ioannou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare System and University of Washington
| | - Annsa Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Tram Tran
- Liver Disease and Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
| | - Hrishikesh Samant
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center
| | | | - Andres Duarte-Rojo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Reena Salgia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henry Ford Hospital
| | | | - Prasun Jalal
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Avegail Flores
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Sanjaya K. Satapathy
- Division of Hepatology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Northshore University Hospital, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | - Sofia Kagan
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, UT Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Purva Gopal
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Robert Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System
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9
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Singal AG, Rich NE, Mehta N, Branch A, Pillai A, Hoteit M, Volk M, Odewole M, Scaglione S, Guy J, Said A, Feld JJ, John BV, Frenette C, Mantry P, Rangnekar AS, Oloruntoba O, Leise M, Jou JH, Bhamidimarri KR, Kulik L, Tran T, Samant H, Dhanasekaran R, Duarte-Rojo A, Salgia R, Eswaran S, Jalal P, Flores A, Satapathy SK, Wong R, Huang A, Misra S, Schwartz M, Mitrani R, Nakka S, Noureddine W, Ho C, Konjeti VR, Dao A, Nelson K, Delarosa K, Rahim U, Mavuram M, Xie JJ, Murphy CC, Parikh ND. Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy Not Associated With Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Multicenter North American Cohort Study. Gastroenterology 2019; 156:1683-1692.e1. [PMID: 30660729 PMCID: PMC6598433 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS There is controversy over the effects of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence and tumor aggressiveness. We compared HCC recurrence patterns between DAA-treated and untreated HCV-infected patients who had achieved a complete response to HCC treatment in a North American cohort. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with HCV-related HCC with a complete response to resection, local ablation, transarterial chemo- or radioembolization, or radiation therapy from January 2013 through December 2017 at 31 health systems throughout the United States and Canada. Cox regression was used to examine the association between DAA therapy and time to recurrence after a complete response, with DAA therapy analyzed as a time-varying exposure. We also estimated the association between DAA therapy and risk of early HCC recurrence (defined as 365 days after complete response). RESULTS Of 793 patients with HCV-associated HCC, 304 (38.3%) received DAA therapy and 489 (61.7%) were untreated. HCC recurred in 128 DAA-treated patients (42.1%; early recurrence in 52 patients) and 288 untreated patients (58.9%; early recurrence in 227 patients). DAA therapy was not associated with HCC recurrence (hazard ratio 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.70-1.16) or early HCC recurrence (hazard ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.70-1.34) after we adjusted for study site, age, sex, Child-Pugh score, α-fetoprotein level, tumor burden, and HCC treatment modality. In DAA-treated and untreated patients, most recurrences were within the Milan criteria (74.2% vs 78.8%; P = .23). A larger proportion of DAA-treated than untreated patients received potentially curative HCC therapy for recurrent HCC (32.0% vs 24.6%) and achieved a complete or partial response (45.3% vs 41.0%) but this did not achieve statistical significance. CONCLUSION In a large cohort of North American patients with complete response to HCC treatment, DAA therapy was not associated with increased overall or early HCC recurrence. HCC recurrence patterns, including treatment response, were similar in DAA-treated and untreated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit G. Singal
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, Texas
| | - Nicole E. Rich
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, Texas
| | - Neil Mehta
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Andrea Branch
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Anjana Pillai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maarouf Hoteit
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Volk
- Transplantation Institute and Division of Gastroenterology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California
| | - Mobolaji Odewole
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, Texas
| | - Steven Scaglione
- Division of Hepatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois,Edward Hines Veterans Affairs, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jennifer Guy
- Department of Transplantation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Adnan Said
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jordan J. Feld
- Toronto Center for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Binu V. John
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Catherine Frenette
- Division of Organ Transplantation, Scripps Green Hospital, San Diego, California
| | | | - Amol S. Rangnekar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Omobonike Oloruntoba
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Duke University Health Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael Leise
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Janice H. Jou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Laura Kulik
- Division of Hepatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tram Tran
- Liver Disease and Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hrishikesh Samant
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | | | - Andres Duarte-Rojo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Reena Salgia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Sheila Eswaran
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Prasun Jalal
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Baylor College of Medicine, Dallas, Texas
| | - Avegail Flores
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, Louis, Missouri
| | - Sanjaya K. Satapathy
- Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Robert Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System, Oakland, California
| | - Annsa Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Suresh Misra
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Myron Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Robert Mitrani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sasank Nakka
- Transplantation Institute and Division of Gastroenterology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California
| | - Wassim Noureddine
- Transplantation Institute and Division of Gastroenterology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California
| | - Chanda Ho
- Department of Transplantation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Venkata R. Konjeti
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Alexander Dao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Kevin Nelson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kelly Delarosa
- Liver Disease and Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Usman Rahim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Meher Mavuram
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Jesse J. Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Caitlin C. Murphy
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, Texas
| | - Neehar D. Parikh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Yang P, Formanek P, Scaglione S, Afshar M. Risk factors and outcomes of acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill patients with cirrhosis. Hepatol Res 2019; 49:335-343. [PMID: 30084205 PMCID: PMC6560637 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Prior randomized controlled trials of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) excluded critically ill patients with cirrhosis. Data regarding risk factors for ARDS development and outcomes from ARDS in patients with cirrhosis are scarce. We sought to characterize outcomes from ARDS in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS An observational cohort of patients with cirrhosis admitted to an intensive care unit at a high-volume liver transplant center between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2014 were reviewed. ARDS cases were identified according to the Berlin definition. Potential risk factors were examined in multivariable logistic regression analysis for ARDS development. Outcomes including in-hospital mortality were compared between ARDS and non-ARDS patients. RESULTS A total of 559 patients met the inclusion criteria and 45 (8.1%) developed ARDS. Differences between ARDS and non-ARDS patients included sepsis, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease - Sodium score, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. In-hospital mortality was higher in cirrhotic patients with ARDS compared with those without ARDS (82.2% vs. 27.6%, P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, acute-on-chronic liver failure (OR 8.69, 95% CI 2.28-33.18, P < 0.01) and shock on intensive care unit admission (OR 3.13, 95% CI 1.57-6.24, P = 0.001) were associated with ARDS development, whereas etiology of cirrhosis or alcohol use were not. CONCLUSIONS Acute-on-chronic liver failure and shock on intensive care unit admission were risk factors for ARDS development, whereas etiology of cirrhosis and alcohol were not. Mortality from ARDS was markedly increased in patients with cirrhosis. Early recognition and treatment for infection might be important for improving the high mortality in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Yang
- Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Perry Formanek
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Steven Scaglione
- Division of Hepatology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; Hines VA Hospital, 5000 S Fifth Ave, Hines, IL 60141
| | - Majid Afshar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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11
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Marrella A, Giannoni P, Pulsoni I, Quarto R, Raiteri R, Scaglione S. Topographical Features of Graphene-Oxide-Functionalized Substrates Modulate Cancer and Healthy Cell Adhesion Based on the Cell Tissue of Origin. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:41978-41985. [PMID: 30479135 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-derived materials, such as graphene oxide (GO), have been widely explored for biomedical and biological applications, including cancer research. Despite some recent works proving that GO inhibits the migration and invasion of different cancer cells, so far most of these in vitro studies have been conducted using GO sheets dispersed in solution or as a planar film. On the contrary, little is known about cellular activities, such as cell viability, adhesion, and spreading, when cancer cells interface with GO functionalized hydrogel-based surfaces, biomechanically and structurally more similar to the tumor environment. Here, we evaluate the interactions of human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) with alginate (Alg)/GO hydrogel-based substrates, and compare them with a cancer cell line from human osteosarcoma (HOS) and healthy murine fibroblasts (3T3). We observed that GO addition selectively inhibits malignant breast cancer cell adhesion efficiency and spreading area, while promotes HOS and 3T3 adhesive processes. Furthermore, we did not observe the same results over Alg substrates with GO nanosheets dispersed in the medium, without embedment into the Alg. This suggests that cancer (MDA-MB-231 and HOS) and healthy (3T3) cell adhesion efficacy does not depend on the cellular tumoral nature and it is driven by the topographical cues provided by the GO-based substrates, whose physical-mechanical characteristics better mimic those of the cell native tissue. We envision that this study can provide a rational for future design and use of graphene-based nanomaterials for cancer research by deepening the knowledge of graphene-cancer cell specific interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marrella
- Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine , University of Genova , Via Pastore 3 , Genoa 16132 , Italy
| | - P Giannoni
- Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine , University of Genova , Via Pastore 3 , Genoa 16132 , Italy
| | - I Pulsoni
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering , University of Genova , Via all' Opera Pia 13 , Genoa 16145 , Italy
| | - R Quarto
- Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine , University of Genova , Via Pastore 3 , Genoa 16132 , Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino , Largo R. Benzi 10 , Genoa 16132 , Italy
| | - R Raiteri
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering , University of Genova , Via all' Opera Pia 13 , Genoa 16145 , Italy
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12
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Zola D, Circi C, Vulpetti G, Scaglione S. Photon momentum change of quasi-smooth solar sails. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 2018; 35:1261-1271. [PMID: 30110287 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.35.001261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The solar photon sail (SPS) allows space missions without propellant that would otherwise not be feasible. Thrust models frequently used in the literature for the calculation of trajectories often underestimate the effect that the surface roughness has on SPS dynamics. A small variation of the thrust vector can induce a large modification of sail flight. In this work, the variation of the photon momentum vector (PMV) is computed as resulting from the incident Sun radiation, taking into account the absorbed and reflected photons. The momentum resulting from diffuse light has been modeled by using vectorial scattering theories in the limit of a quasi-smooth sail where the first-order of Rayleigh-Rice can be applied. In particular, the momentum change resulting from diffuse radiation causes a PMV reduction as well as a deviation of its direction from what is foreseen in the case of an ideally smooth sail.
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13
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Fontana RJ, Engle RE, Scaglione S, Araya V, Shaikh O, Tillman H, Attar N, Purcell RH, Lee WM. The role of hepatitis E virus infection in adult Americans with acute liver failure. Hepatology 2016; 64:1870-1880. [PMID: 27215797 PMCID: PMC5115940 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a leading cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in many developing countries, yet rarely identified in Western countries. Given that antibody testing for HEV infection is not routinely obtained, we hypothesized that HEV-related ALF might be present and unrecognized in North American ALF patients. Serum samples of 681 adults enrolled in the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group were tested for anti-HEV immunoglobulin (Ig) M and anti-HEV IgG levels. Subjects with a detectable anti-HEV IgM also underwent testing for HEV RNA. Mean patient age was 41.8 years, 32.9% were male, and ALF etiologies included acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity (29%), indeterminate ALF (23%), idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury DILI (22%), acute hepatitis B virus infection (12%), autoimmune hepatitis (12%), and pregnancy-related ALF (2%). Three men ages 36, 39, and 70 demonstrated repeatedly detectable anti-HEV IgM, but all were HEV-RNA negative and had other putative diagnoses. The latter 2 subjects died within 3 and 11 days of enrollment whereas the 36-year-old underwent emergency liver transplantation on study day 2. At admission, 294 (43.4%) of the ALF patients were anti-HEV IgG positive with the seroprevalence being highest in those from the Midwest (50%) and lowest in those from the Southeast (28%). Anti-HEV IgG+ subjects were significantly older, less likely to have APAP overdose, and had a lower overall 3-week survival compared to anti-HEV IgG- subjects (63% vs. 70%; P = 0.018). CONCLUSION Acute HEV infection is very rare in adult Americans with ALF (i.e., 0.4%) and could not be implicated in any indeterminate, autoimmune, or pregnancy-related ALF cases. Past exposure to HEV with detectable anti-HEV IgG was significantly more common in the ALF patients compared to the general U.S. POPULATION (Hepatology 2016;64:1870-1880).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald E. Engle
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | | | - Nahid Attar
- University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
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14
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Mora N, Adams WH, Kliethermes S, Dugas L, Balasubramanian N, Sandhu J, Nde H, Small C, Jose J, Scaglione S, Layden JE. A Synthesis of Hepatitis C prevalence estimates in Sub-Saharan Africa: 2000-2013. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:283. [PMID: 27296465 PMCID: PMC4906983 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1584-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis C (HCV) is a deleterious virus that can be cured with new, highly effective anti-viral treatments, yet more than 185 million individuals worldwide remain HCV positive (with the vast majority un-diagnosed or untreated). Of importance, HCV is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and liver cancer, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where the prevalence remains high but uncertain due to little population-based evidence of the epidemic. We aimed to synthesize available data to calculate and highlight the HCV disease burden in SSA. Methods Weighted random-effects generalized linear mixed models were used to estimate prevalence by risk cohort, African region (Southern, Eastern, Western, and Central Africa), type of assay used, publication year, and whether the estimate included children. A pooled prevalence estimate was also calculated. Multi-variable analyses were limited to cohort and region specific prevalence estimates in the adult population due to limited studies including children. Prevalence estimates were additionally weighted using the known adult population size within each region. Results We included more than 10 years of data. Almost half of the studies on HCV prevalence in SSA were from the Western region (49 %), and over half of all studies were from either blood donor (25 %) or general population cohorts (31 %). In uni-variable analyses, prevalence was lowest in Southern Africa (0.72 %), followed by Eastern Africa at 3.00 %, Western Africa at 4.14 %, and Central Africa at 7.82 %. Blood donors consistently had the lowest prevalence (1.78 %), followed by pregnant women (2.51 %), individuals with comorbid HIV (3.57 %), individuals from the general population (5.41 %), those with a chronic illness (7.99 %), and those at high risk for infection (10.18 %). After adjusting for the population size in each region, the overall adult prevalence of HCV in SSA rose from 3.82 to 3.94 %. Conclusion This meta-analysis offers a timely update to the HCV disease burden in SSA and offers additional evidence of the burgeoning epidemic. The study highlights the need to account for type of cohort and region variation when describing the HCV epidemic in SSA, the need for more studies that include children, as well as the need to factor in such variations when planning public health interventions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1584-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nallely Mora
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - William H Adams
- Department of Medicine, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Stephanie Kliethermes
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Lara Dugas
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Neelam Balasubramanian
- Department of Medicine, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Jasmin Sandhu
- Department of Medicine, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Helen Nde
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Christina Small
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Joanne Jose
- Department of Medicine, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Steven Scaglione
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Jennifer E Layden
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA. .,Loyola University Chicago Health Science Campus, Fahey Building Room 116, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
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15
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Beke S, Barenghi R, Farkas B, Romano I, Kőrösi L, Scaglione S, Brandi F. Improved cell activity on biodegradable photopolymer scaffolds using titanate nanotube coatings. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2014; 44:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pennesi G, Scaglione S, Giannoni P, Quarto R. Regulatory influence of scaffolds on cell behavior: how cells decode biomaterials. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2011; 12:151-9. [PMID: 21044012 DOI: 10.2174/138920111794295684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A stem cell is defined as a cell able to self-renew and at the same time to generate one or more specialized progenies. In the adult organism, stem cells need a specific microenvironment where to reside. This tissue-specific instructive microenvironment, hosting stem cells and governing their fate, is composed of extracellular matrix and soluble molecules. Cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions also contribute to the specifications of this milieu, regarded as a whole unitary system and referred to as "niche". For many stem cell systems a niche has been identified, but only partially defined. In regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, biomaterials are used to deliver stem cells in specific anatomical sites where a regenerative process is needed. In this context, biomaterials have to provide informative microenvironments mimicking a physiological niche. Stem cells may read and decode any biomaterial and modify their behavior and fate accordingly. Any material is therefore informative in the sense that its intrinsic nature and structure will anyway transmit a signal that will have to be decoded by colonizing cells. We still know very little of how to create local microenvironments, or artificial niches, that will govern stem cells behavior and their terminal fate. Here we will review some characteristics identifying specific niches and some of the requirements allowing stem cells differentiation processes. We will discuss on those biomaterials that are being projected/engineered/manufactured to gain the informative status necessary to drive proper molecular cross-talk and cell differentiation; specific examples will be proposed for bone and cartilage substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pennesi
- MultiMedica IRCCS, Via Fantoli 16/15, Milan, Italy.
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Montereali RM, Bonfigli F, Mussi V, Nichelatti E, Santoni A, Scaglione S. Optical investigation of metallic lithium colloids and F-centres in ion-assisted LiF thin films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/15/1/012017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Scaglione S, Wendt D, Miggino S, Papadimitropoulos A, Fato M, Quarto R, Martin I. Effects of fluid flow and calcium phosphate coating on human bone marrow stromal cells cultured in a defined 2D model system. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 86:411-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Romano P, Bertolini G, De Paoli F, Fattore M, Marra D, Mauri G, Merelli E, Porro I, Scaglione S, Milanesi L. Network integration of data and analysis of oncology interest. J Integr Bioinform 2006. [DOI: 10.1515/jib-2006-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary The Human Genome Project has deeply transformed biology and the field has since then expanded to the management, processing, analysis and visualization of large quantities of data from genomics, proteomics, medicinal chemistry and drug screening. This huge amount of data and the heterogeneity of software tools that are used implies the adoption on a very large scale of new, flexible tools that can enable researchers to integrate data and analysis on the network. ICT technology standards and tools, like Web Services and related languages, and workflow management systems, can support the creation and deployment of such systems. While a number of Web Services are appearing and personal workflow management systems are also being more and more offered to researchers, a reference portal enabling the vast majority of unskilled researchers to take profit from these new technologies is still lacking. In this paper, we introduce the rationale for the creation of such a portal and present the architecture and some preliminary results for the development of a portal for the enactment of workflows of interest in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Romano
- 1National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - M. Fattore
- 3National Research Council, Genoa, Italy
| | - D. Marra
- 1National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - G. Mauri
- 2University of Milan Bicocca, Italy
| | | | | | | | - L. Milanesi
- 6National Research Council, Milan Italy
- 7CILEA, Segrate, Italy
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Scaglione S, Braccini A, Wendt D, Jaquiery C, Beltrame F, Quarto R, Martin I. Engineering of osteoinductive grafts by isolation and expansion of ovine bone marrow stromal cells directly on 3D ceramic scaffolds. Biotechnol Bioeng 2005; 93:181-7. [PMID: 16245346 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we investigated whether osteoinductive constructs can be generated by isolation and expansion of sheep bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) directly within three-dimensional (3D) ceramic scaffolds, bypassing the typical phase of monolayer (2D) expansion prior to scaffold loading. Nucleated cells from sheep bone marrow aspirate were seeded into 3D ceramic scaffolds either by static loading or under perfusion flow and maintained in culture for up to 14 days. The resulting constructs were exposed to enzymatic treatment to assess the number and lineage of extracted cells, or implanted subcutaneously in nude mice to test their capacity to induce bone formation. As a control, BMSC expanded in monolayer for 14 days were also seeded into the scaffolds and implanted. BMSC could be isolated and expanded directly in the 3D ceramic scaffolds, although they proliferated slower than in 2D. Upon ectopic implantation, the resulting constructs formed a higher amount of bone tissue than constructs loaded with the same number of 2D-expanded cells. Constructs cultivated for 14 days generated significantly more bone tissue than those cultured for 3 days. No differences in bone formation were found between samples seeded by static loading or under perfusion. In conclusion, the culture of bone marrow nucleated cells directly on 3D ceramic scaffolds represents a promising approach to expand BMSC and streamline the engineering of osteoinductive grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Scaglione
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
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Difato F, Mazzone F, Scaglione S, Fato M, Beltrame F, Kubínová L, Janácek J, Ramoino P, Vicidomini G, Diaspro A. Improvement in volume estimation from confocal sections after image deconvolution. Microsc Res Tech 2004; 64:151-5. [PMID: 15352086 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The confocal microscope can image a specimen in its natural environment forming a 3D image of the whole structure by scanning it and collecting light through a small aperture (pinhole), allowing in vivo and in vitro observations. So far, the confocal fluorescence microscope (CFM) is considered a true volume imager because of the role of the pinhole that rejects information coming from out-of-focus planes. Unfortunately, intrinsic imaging properties of the optical scheme presently employed yield a corrupted image that can hamper quantitative analysis of successive image planes. By a post-image collection restoration, it is possible to obtain an estimate, with respect to a given optimization criterium, of the true object, utilizing the impulse response of system or Point Spread Function (PSF). The PSF can be measured or predicted so as to have a mathematical and physical model of the image-formation process. Further modelling and recording noise as an additive Gaussian process has used the regularized Iterative Constrained Tykhonov Miller (ICTM) restoration algorithm for solving the inverse problem. This algorithm finds the best estimate iteratively searching among the possible positive solutions; in the Fourier domain, such an approach is relatively fast and elegant. In order to compare the effective improvement in the quantitative image information analysis, we measured the volume of reference objects before and after image restoration, using the isotropic Fakir method.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Difato
- INFM, LAMBS-DIFI, University of Genoa, 16146, Italy
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Beruto DT, Botter R, Perfumo F, Scaglione S. Interfacial effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EM-ELF) on the vaporization step of carbon dioxide from aqueous solutions of body simulated fluid (SBF). Bioelectromagnetics 2003; 24:251-61. [PMID: 12696085 DOI: 10.1002/bem.10096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous processes in an aqueous solution of body simulated fluid (SBF) were monitored in closed vessel for a period of 1 month at 310 K, at atm pressure, and initial pH of 7.2, both with and without exposure to a square pulsed extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EM-ELF) of 250 microT, repeated at 75 Hz. The most important findings are that the SBF surface tension (gamma), evaluated under the EM-ELF field, is lower than the corresponding value measured without EM-ELF at any time. Furthermore, the pH of the exposed SBF is always more basic than that of the unexposed solution. As a consequence, when the EM-ELF is applied, calcium phosphate salts do not precipitate from the SBF solution for a period as long as 30 days. Behind all these experimental evidences there is only one mechanism: the vaporisation from the SBF-air interface of the CO(2)(aq) dissolved into the aqueous electrolyte solution. Thermodynamic analysis of these results establish that, at any given time, the difference, Delta, between the measured surface tensions with and without EM-ELF applied, gives the work of the electromagnetic forces to change the extent at which the CO(2)(aq) adsorbs at the liquid-air interface. It has been demonstrated that the work supply per second and per unit of area by the electromagnetic forces, 3.73 x 10(-10) mJ/s cm(2), is very near to the experimental slope in the plot Delta vs. t 1.7 x 10(-10) mJ/s cm(2). This leads to the conclusion that the EM-ELF fields have an interfacial effect on the concentration value of the CO(2) (aq) at the SBF-air interface. Because of that, the EM-ELF field is enhancing the CO(2) vaporisation rate; thus any other steps, which are a consequence of this mechanism, are changing. These results allow explanation of previous experiments concerning the precipitation of calcium carbonate from flowing hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution in the temperature range 353-373 K at a pressure of 0.1 MPa under the effect of static magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Beruto
- Dipartimento di Edilizia, Urbanistica e Ingegneria dei Materiali, Universita degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.
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Mussi V, Cricenti A, Montereali RM, Nichelatti E, Scaglione S, Somma F. Lithium fluoride films and crystals containing metallic colloids studied by scanning near-field optical microscopyPresented at the LANMAT 2001 Conference on the Interaction of Laser Radiation with Matter at Nanoscopic Scales: From Single Molecule Spectroscopy to Materials Processing, Venice, 3–6 October, 2001. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1039/b110269a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Giuri C, Perrone MR, Flori D, Piegari A, Scaglione S. Phase shift of stepwise reflectivity profile mirrors. Appl Opt 1997; 36:2495-2498. [PMID: 18253234 DOI: 10.1364/ao.36.002495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The effects of phase shifts in laser beams transmitted by output couplers with a stepwise reflectivity profile have been experimentally investigated with a XeCl laser. It is shown that the phase distortions of the cavity output coupler affect significantly the propagation properties of the output laser beam but do not affect the output beam energy and pulse width.
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Delogu P, Dikonimos-Makris T, Giorgi R, Lascovich J, Caneve L, Scaglione S. XPS and AES study of Al2O3/Ti6Al4V interface: Influence of oxidation and nitruration of the metal surface. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.740220152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bergan B, Stockis S, Kafetzis K, Schmid S, Scaglione S, Maciocchi M, Weidekamm W, Villa V, Reggio R, Mini M, Mazzei M, Paradisi P. Discussion: Clinical Pharmacology. J Chemother 1993; 5:502-503. [PMID: 27434407 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.1993.11741105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Martelli S, Mazzone G, Scaglione S, Vittori M. Solid state reactions in the CuZn system induced by plastic deformation at room temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-5088(88)90283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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