76
|
Roos A, Barr A, King O, Ugochukwu E, Russell A, Knapp S, von Delft F. A family-wide approach to structure-based inhibitor design for protein tyrosine phosphatases. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308098796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
77
|
Hunt S, Russell A, Smithson WH, Parsons L, Robertson I, Waddell R, Irwin B, Morrison PJ, Morrow J, Craig J. Topiramate in pregnancy: Preliminary experience from the UK Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register. Neurology 2008; 71:272-6. [PMID: 18645165 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000318293.28278.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
78
|
Montuelle S, Kardong K, Russell A, Libourel P, Bels V. Drinking behaviour in a Gekkotan lizard, Eublepharis macularius. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.04.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
79
|
Goldblatt F, Andrews J, Russell A, Isenberg D. Association of Kikuchi-Fujimoto's disease with SLE. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47:553-4. [PMID: 18304938 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
80
|
Oakey F, Ayoub AF, Goodall CA, Crawford A, Smith I, Russell A, Holland IS. Delivery of a brief motivational intervention to patients with alcohol-related facial injuries: role for a specialist nurse. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007; 46:102-6. [PMID: 18096281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2007.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this paper we focus on providing an alcohol screening and intervention service within maxillofacial surgery. Two trained nurses screened patients with alcohol-related facial injuries who attended maxillofacial outpatient clinics, and gave brief motivational interventions to those who had been drinking to a hazardous level. Patients were followed up at 3 and 12 months after the intervention. 195/249 patients (78%) drank to a hazardous level. One hundred and ninety-five patients received an intervention. Duration of intervention was between 5 and 65 minutes. Reasons for refusal to participate included lack of interest or time, and the main reason for exclusion was length of time since injury. The follow up rate was 103 (53%) at 3 months and 134 (69%) at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS The high level of hazardous drinking among people with facial trauma suggests a clear need for alcohol screening and intervention. It is feasible for nursing staff to deliver brief interventions in a busy maxillofacial trauma clinic.
Collapse
|
81
|
Hoes JN, Jacobs JWG, Boers M, Boumpas D, Buttgereit F, Caeyers N, Choy EH, Cutolo M, Da Silva JAP, Esselens G, Guillevin L, Hafstrom I, Kirwan JR, Rovensky J, Russell A, Saag KG, Svensson B, Westhovens R, Zeidler H, Bijlsma JWJ. EULAR evidence-based recommendations on the management of systemic glucocorticoid therapy in rheumatic diseases. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66:1560-7. [PMID: 17660219 PMCID: PMC2095301 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2007.072157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop evidence-based recommendations for the management of systemic glucocorticoid (GC) therapy in rheumatic diseases. METHODS The multidisciplinary guideline development group from 11 European countries, Canada and the USA consisted of 15 rheumatologists, 1 internist, 1 rheumatologist-epidemiologist, 1 health professional, 1 patient and 1 research fellow. The Delphi method was used to agree on 10 key propositions related to the safe use of GCs. A systematic literature search of PUBMED, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library was then used to identify the best available research evidence to support each of the 10 propositions. The strength of recommendation was given according to research evidence, clinical expertise and perceived patient preference. RESULTS The 10 propositions were generated through three Delphi rounds and included patient education, risk factors, adverse effects, concomitant therapy (ie, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, gastroprotection and cyclo-oxygenase-2 selective inhibitors, calcium and vitamin D, bisphosphonates) and special safety advice (ie, adrenal insufficiency, pregnancy, growth impairment). CONCLUSION Ten key recommendations for the management of systemic GC-therapy were formulated using a combination of systematically retrieved research evidence and expert consensus. There are areas of importance that have little evidence (ie, dosing and tapering strategies, timing, risk factors and monitoring for adverse effects, perioperative GC-replacement) and need further research; therefore also a research agenda was composed.
Collapse
|
82
|
Gastaldi G, Russell A, Golay A, Giacobino JP, Habicht F, Barthassat V, Muzzin P, Bobbioni-Harsch E. Upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator gene (PGC1A) during weight loss is related to insulin sensitivity but not to energy expenditure. Diabetologia 2007; 50:2348-55. [PMID: 17828388 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2007] [Accepted: 06/22/2007] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We investigated whether skeletal muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC1A; also known as PPARGC1A) and its target mitofusin-2 (MFN2), as well as carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1; also known as carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A [liver] [CPT1A]) and uncoupling protein (UCP)3, are involved in the improvement of insulin resistance and/or in the modification of energy expenditure during surgically induced massive weight loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventeen morbidly obese women (mean BMI: 45.9 +/- 4 kg/m(2)) were investigated before, and 3 and 12 months after, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). We evaluated insulin sensitivity by the euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp, energy expenditure and substrate oxidation by indirect calorimetry, and muscle mRNA expression by PCR. RESULTS Post-operatively, PGC1A was enhanced at 3 (p = 0.02) and 12 months (p = 0.03) as was MFN2 (p = 0.008 and p = 0.03 at 3 and 12 months respectively), whereas UCP3 was reduced (p = 0.03) at 12 months. CPT1 did not change. The expression of PGC1A and MFN2 were strongly (p < 0.0001) related. Insulin sensitivity, which increased after surgery (p = 0.002 at 3, p = 0.003 at 12 months), was significantly related to PGC1A and MFN2, but only MFN2 showed an independent influence in a multiple regression analysis. Energy expenditure was reduced at 3 months post-operatively (p = 0.001 vs before RYGB), remaining unchanged thereafter until 12 months. CPT1 and UCP3 were not significantly related to the modifications of energy expenditure or of lipid oxidation rate. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Weight loss upregulates PGC1A, which in turn stimulates MFN2 expression. MFN2 expression significantly and independently contributes to the improvement of insulin sensitivity. UCP3 and CPT1 do not seem to influence energy expenditure after RYGB.
Collapse
|
83
|
Russell A, Morris E. The complementary use of solid state NMR and XRD to solve zeolite structures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1524/zksu.2007.2007.suppl_26.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
84
|
Russell A. The effects of magnitude and duration of change on the light-contingent bar pressing of hooded rats. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00049537208255786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
85
|
Zeck W, Desoye G, Lang U, McIntyre HD, Prins J, Russell A. Der Einfluss von Insulin auf die Placental Growth Hormone (PGH) – Sekretion von BeWo-Zellen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-983557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
86
|
Tartakovskii AI, Wright T, Russell A, Fal'ko VI, Van'kov AB, Skiba-Szymanska J, Drouzas I, Kolodka RS, Skolnick MS, Fry PW, Tahraoui A, Liu HY, Hopkinson M. Nuclear spin switch in semiconductor quantum dots. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:026806. [PMID: 17358634 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.026806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We show that by illuminating an InGaAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dot with circularly polarized light, the nuclei of atoms constituting the dot can be driven into a bistable regime, in which either a thresholdlike enhancement or reduction of the local nuclear field by up to 3 T can be generated by varying the pumping intensity. The excitation power threshold for such a nuclear spin "switch" is found to depend on both the external magnetic and electric fields. The switch is shown to arise from the strong feedback of the nuclear spin polarization on the dynamics of the spin transfer from electrons to the nuclei of the dot.
Collapse
|
87
|
Kassab D, Robinson E, Russell A, McMorris M. The Availability of EpiPens® Used by Students with Severe Food allergies in Michigan Schools. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
88
|
Hunt S, Craig J, Russell A, Guthrie E, Parsons L, Robertson I, Waddell R, Irwin B, Morrison PJ, Morrow J. Levetiracetam in pregnancy: Preliminary experience from the UK Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register. Neurology 2006; 67:1876-9. [PMID: 17130430 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000244491.48937.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It is not known whether the antiepileptic drug (AED) levetiracetam can be used safely in human pregnancy. As part of a study to determine the risks of major congenital malformations (MCMs) for infants exposed to AEDs in utero, we identified all cases exposed to levetiracetam. Three of 117 exposed pregnancies had an MCM (2.7%; 95% CI 0.9% to 7.7%); all 3 were exposed to other AEDs.
Collapse
|
89
|
Marmur A, Mulholland J, Kim E, Hopke P, Sarnat J, Klein M, Tolbert P, Russell A. Comparing Results From Several PM2.5 Source-Apportionment Methods for Use in a Time-Series Health Study. Epidemiology 2006. [DOI: 10.1097/00001648-200611001-00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
90
|
Mann C, Russell A, Collidge T. P24.3 3 Cases of severe statin induced rhabdomyolysis: Potential for early misdiagnosis. Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
91
|
Russell A. BS20 Investigation of pseudoseizures. Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.07.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
92
|
Smith K, Clark A, Dyson K, Kruger E, Lejmanoski L, Russell A, Tennant M. Guided self diagnosis: an innovative approach to triage for emergency dental care. Aust Dent J 2006; 51:11-5. [PMID: 16669471 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2006.tb00394.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The basic model of triage, developed more than 200 years ago by the French, is based on categorization of patient needs and thus the urgency and time required for care. This model in various forms is used in most hospitals throughout the world. METHODS In this study, a fully computerized guided self-diagnosis system (based on a neural network design) was designed, prototyped, developed and trialled by front line non-clinically trained personnel in emergency dentistry. RESULTS A total of 699 patients were seen as a result of the triage assessment within 14 days of their initial phone call and/or first contact. Patients categorized as requiring care on the day (Category 1) were provided more items of care (50 per cent of all items) and the greatest number of extractions (76 per cent) and endodontic treatments (78 per cent). Other categories were found to require less urgent care. CONCLUSIONS The triage system developed in this study clearly holds significant promise in reducing the impact of emergency dental patients on dental health care systems. However, it is recognized that the system still requires some adjustment to ensure all Category 1 patients are examined before less urgent categories.
Collapse
|
93
|
Morrow J, Russell A, Guthrie E, Parsons L, Robertson I, Waddell R, Irwin B, McGivern RC, Morrison PJ, Craig J. Malformation risks of antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy: a prospective study from the UK Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; 77:193-8. [PMID: 16157661 PMCID: PMC2077578 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2005.074203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the relative risk of major congenital malformation (MCM) from in utero exposure to antiepileptic drug (AEDs). METHODS Prospective data collected by the UK Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register were analysed. The presence of MCMs recorded within the first three months of life was the main outcome measure. RESULTS Full outcome data were collected on 3607 cases. The overall MCM rate for all AED exposed cases was 4.2% (95% confidence interval (CI), 3.6% to 5.0%). The MCM rate was higher for polytherapy (6.0%) (n = 770) than for monotherapy (3.7%) (n = 2598) (crude odds ratio (OR) = 1.63 (p = 0.010), adjusted OR = 1.83 (p = 0.002)). The MCM rate for women with epilepsy who had not taken AEDs during pregnancy (n = 239) was 3.5% (1.8% to 6.8%). The MCM rate was greater for pregnancies exposed only to valproate (6.2% (95% CI, 4.6% to 8.2%) than only to carbamazepine (2.2% (1.4% to 3.4%) (OR = 2.78 (p<0.001); adjusted OR = 2.97 (p<0.001)). There were fewer MCMs for pregnancies exposed only to lamotrigine than only to valproate. A positive dose response for MCMs was found for lamotrigine (p = 0.006). Polytherapy combinations containing valproate carried a higher risk of MCM than combinations not containing valproate (OR = 2.49 (1.31 to 4.70)). CONCLUSIONS Only 4.2% of live births to women with epilepsy had an MCM. The MCM rate for polytherapy exposure was greater than for monotherapy exposure. Polytherapy regimens containing valproate had significantly more MCMs than those not containing valproate. For monotherapy exposures, carbamazepine was associated with the lowest risk of MCM.
Collapse
|
94
|
Russell A, Bisanti L, Cadum E, De Maria M, Forestiere F, Miglio R, Pandolfi P, Perucci C, Picciotto S, Rognoni M, Stafoggia M. 282: Identification of Vulnerable-To-Heat Population: Case-Only Approach. Am J Epidemiol 2005. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/161.supplement_1.s71a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
95
|
Lin A, Ryu J, Harvey D, Scudder S, Lee S, Leiserowitz G, Smith L, Dalrymple J, Skilling J, Kinney W, Russell A. Combined chemoradiation (CRT) with high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR) for locally advanced cervical cancer: A regional experience. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.5162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
96
|
Russell A. Mechanisms of Action, Resistance, and Stress Adaptation. ANTIMICROBIALS IN FOOD, THIRD EDITION 2005. [DOI: 10.1201/9781420028737.ch20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
97
|
Turner H, Frampton C, Russell A, Claybourn M, Roberts R. VCD spectroscopic determination of absolute stereochemistry as a complementary technique for investigation of chiral drugs. Acta Crystallogr A 2004. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767304098812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
98
|
Russell A. Preface. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2004.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
99
|
Strehle EM, Ahmed OA, Hameed M, Russell A. The 4q-Syndrome. GENETIC COUNSELING (GENEVA, SWITZERLAND) 2002; 12:327-39. [PMID: 11837601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The 4q-Syndrome: Here we report four cases of interstitial and terminal deletions of the long arm of chromosome 4. Case 1 is a 16 month old boy with del(4)(q12q21) who has soft dysmorphic features, tetralogy of Fallot, and severe developmental delay. Case 2 is a male infant with the same deletion and congenital cardiomyopathy. He suffered severe birth asphyxia and died at the age of 6 months. His father was found to have a complex chromosome 4 rearrangement. Case 3 is a female infant with del(4)(q33) who died of aspiration pneumonia. She was mildly dysmorphic and presented with heart failure and hypercalcaemia. Case 4 is a 8 month old girl who has del(4)(q33) and Pierre-Robin sequence. So far about 70 patients with microscopically visible deletions of chromosome 4q have been described. Although they vary in their phenotypes, they have several features in common. We suggest to use the term 4q-syndrome for all macrodeletions of the long arm of chromosome 4.
Collapse
|
100
|
McIntyre HD, Russell A, Serek R, Veveris-Lowe T, Cotterill A, Cowley D, Barnard R. Placental growth hormone is not suppressed by oral glucose loading in normal human pregnancy. Horm Metab Res 2002; 34:250-3. [PMID: 12063638 DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-32138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Placental growth hormone (PGH) progressively replaces pituitary growth hormone in the maternal circulation from mid-gestation onwards in human pregnancy. Our previous investigations have shown that placental growth hormone concentrations correlate well with foetal growth. Despite the apparent correlation between PGH and birthweight, the physiology of its secretion during pregnancy has not been well defined. We investigated the response of maternal serum PGH to oral glucose loading in pregnant women (n = 24) who demonstrated normal glucose tolerance at a mean gestation of 29 weeks. Mean (SEM) fasting PGH concentrations were high (36.9 [6.4] ng/ml). No suppression of PGH was noted at one, two or three hours after a 75 g oral glucose load. Similarly, no changes were noted in growth hormone binding protein or in calculated free PGH over the course of the glucose tolerance test. As expected, insulin concentrations rose sixfold and insulin like growth factor binding protein 1 concentrations fell by 20 % with glucose loading. Correlation analysis showed maternal weight, BMI, fasting serum glucose serum insulin to be significantly correlated with the babies' birthweight. Our results support the proposition that PGH concentrations in maternal serum are not suppressed by oral glucose loading in non-diabetic mothers.
Collapse
|