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Bonhoeffer B, Kwade A, Juhnke M. Impact of Formulation Properties and Process Parameters on the Dispensing and Depositioning of Drug Nanosuspensions Using Micro-Valve Technology. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:1102-1110. [PMID: 28062204 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Flexible manufacturing processes with continuously adjustable dose strengths are considered particularly innovative and interesting for applications in personalized medicine, continuous manufacturing, or early drug development. A piezo-actuated micro-valve has been investigated for the dispensing and depositioning of drug nanosuspensions onto substrates to facilitate the manufacturing of solid oral dosage forms. The investigated micro-valve has been characterized regarding dispensing behavior, mass flow, accuracy, and robustness. The amount of dispensed drug compound during 1 dispensing event could be continuously adjusted from a few micrograms to several milligrams with high accuracy. Fluid properties, dispensing parameters of the micro-valve, and the resulting steady state mass flow could be correlated adequately for low-viscous drug nanosuspensions. High-speed imaging was used to investigate the dispensing behavior of the micro-valve regarding the evolution of the dispensed drug nanosuspension after ejection from the nozzle and the behavior during impact on flat and dry solid substrates. The experimentally determined breakup length of the dispensed liquid jet could be correlated with a semiempirical equation. From image sequences of the jet impact, We-Re phase diagrams could be established, providing a profound understanding and systematic guidance for the controlled depositioning of the entire dispensed drug nanosuspension onto the substrate.
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Sambale F, Hesselbach J, Finke B, Schilde C, Stahl F, Bahnemann D, Scheper T, Kwade A. Surface and Mechanical Properties of Nanoparticulate Resin Coatings and Their Toxicological Characterization. Chem Eng Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201500735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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78
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Flach F, Konnerth C, Peppersack C, Schmidt J, Damm C, Breitung-Faes S, Peukert W, Kwade A. Impact of formulation and operating parameters on particle size and grinding media wear in wet media milling of organic compounds – A case study for pyrene. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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79
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Overbeck A, Michel S, Kampen I, Kwade A. Einfluss der Temperatur auf das Berstverhalten von Hefezellen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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80
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Fragnière G, Burmeister C, Schilde C, Kwade A. Fließschemasimulation von Rührwerkskugelmühlen mithilfe eines mechanistischen Feinstzerkleinerungsmodells. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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81
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Titscher L, Breitung-Faes S, Kwade A. Experimentelle Parameterstudie zur Trockenzerkleinerung in Planetenkugelmühlen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201600036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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82
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Steiner D, Finke JH, Kwade A. Efficient production of nanoparticle-loaded orodispersible films by process integration in a stirred media mill. Int J Pharm 2016; 511:804-13. [PMID: 27477101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Orodispersible films possess a great potential as a versatile platform for nanoparticle-loaded oral dosage forms. In this case, poorly water-soluble organic materials were ground in a stirred media mill and embedded into a polymer matrix. The aim of this study was the shortening of this manufacturing process by the integration of several process steps into a stirred media mill without facing disadvantages regarding the film quality. Furthermore, this process integration is time conserving due to the high stress intensities provided in the mill and applicable for high solids contents and high suspension viscosities. Two organic materials, the model compound Anthraquinone and the active pharmaceutical ingredient Naproxen were investigated in this study. Besides the impact of the film processing on the crystallinity of the particles in the orodispersible film, a particle load of up to 50% was investigated with the new developed processing route. Additionally, a disintegration test was developed, combining an appropriate amount of saliva substitute and a clear endpoint determination. In summary, high nanoparticle loads in orodispersible films with good particle size preservation after film redispersion in water as well as a manufacturing of the film casting mass within a few minutes in a stirred media mill was achieved.
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Steiner D, Finke JH, Breitung-Faes S, Kwade A. Breakage, temperature dependency and contamination of Lactose during ball milling in ethanol. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2016.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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84
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Kockmann A, Hesselbach J, Schilde C, Kwade A, Garnweitner G. Verbesserung von Kunstharzbeschichtungen durch Nanopartikel mit maßgeschneiderter Oberflächenmodifizierung. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201500171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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85
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Günther S, Gernat D, Overbeck A, Kampen I, Kwade A. Micromechanical Properties and Energy Requirements of the MicroalgaeChlorella vulgarisfor Cell Disruption. Chem Eng Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201400632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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86
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Konnerth C, Flach F, Breitung-Faes S, Damm C, Schmidt J, Kwade A, Peukert W. Impact of stressing conditions and polymer–surfactant interactions on product characteristics of organic nanoparticles produced by media milling. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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87
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Combarros Garcia M, Feise H, Strege S, Kwade A. Segregation in heaps and silos: Comparison between experiment, simulation and continuum model. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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88
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Simons T, Bensmann S, Zigan S, Feise H, Zetzener H, Kwade A. Characterization of granular mixing in a helical ribbon blade blender. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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89
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Gothsch T, Richter C, Beinert S, Schilcher C, Schilde C, Büttgenbach S, Kwade A. Effect of cavitation on dispersion and emulsification process in high-pressure microsystems (HPMS). Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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90
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Drücker S, Krautstrunk I, Paulick M, Saleh K, Morgeneyer M, Kwade A. Development of an Experimental Setup for the Measurement of the Coefficient of Restitution under Vacuum Conditions. J Vis Exp 2016:e53299. [PMID: 27077671 DOI: 10.3791/53299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Discrete Element Method is used for the simulation of particulate systems to describe and analyze them, to predict and afterwards optimize their behavior for single stages of a process or even an entire process. For the simulation with occurring particle-particle and particle-wall contacts, the value of the coefficient of restitution is required. It can be determined experimentally. The coefficient of restitution depends on several parameters like the impact velocity. Especially for fine particles the impact velocity depends on the air pressure and under atmospheric pressure high impact velocities cannot be reached. For this, a new experimental setup for free-fall tests under vacuum conditions is developed. The coefficient of restitution is determined with the impact and rebound velocity which are detected by a high-speed camera. To not hinder the view, the vacuum chamber is made of glass. Also a new release mechanism to drop one single particle under vacuum conditions is constructed. Due to that, all properties of the particle can be characterized beforehand.
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Flach F, Breitung-Faes S, Kwade A. Feinstzerkleinerung organischer Partikeln in Rührwerkskugelmühlen: Bestimmung günstiger Formulierungen und Prozessparameter. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201500159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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92
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Hesselbach J, Barth N, Lippe K, Schilde C, Kwade A. Process chain and characterisation of nanoparticle enhanced composite coatings. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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93
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Paulick M, Morgeneyer M, Kwade A. Review on the influence of elastic particle properties on DEM simulation results. POWDER TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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94
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Beinert S, Fragnière G, Schilde C, Kwade A. Analysis and modelling of bead contacts in wet-operating stirred media and planetary ball mills with CFD–DEM simulations. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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95
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Overbeck A, Kampen I, Kwade A. Mechanical characterization of yeast cells: effects of growth conditions. Lett Appl Microbiol 2015; 61:333-8. [PMID: 26189650 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Industrial biotechnology uses microbiological cells to produce a wide range of products. While the organisms in question are well understood regarding their genetic and molecular properties, less is known about their mechanical properties. Previous work has established a testing procedure for single Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells using a Nanoindenter equipped with a Flat Punch probe, allowing the compression between two parallel surfaces. The resulting force-displacement curves clearly showed the bursting of the cells and served to determine characteristic values such as the bursting force, bursting energy and relative deformation. This study examined the mechanical characteristics of yeast cells under the influence of varying cultivation parameters, namely the pH value, temperature, aeration rate, stirrer speed and culture medium composition. It was observed that only temperature and medium composition showed significant effect on the mechanical properties of the cells. Higher temperatures during cultivation caused lower bursting forces and energies. Further analysis of the data showed that the mechanical characteristics of the cells were only influenced by parameters which also had an influence on the growth rate. In conclusion, higher growth rates result in a lower mechanical strength of the yeast cells. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study provides data on the influence of growth conditions on the mechanical properties of yeast cells. Single cell compression tests on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells indicate that higher growth rates result in a lower mechanical strength of the cells. As in biotechnological processes mechanical degradation is often part of the downstream process to release the product from the micro-organisms, the knowledge about the mechanical properties of the cells is relevant for process optimization.
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Schmidt R, Burmeister CF, Baláž M, Kwade A, Stolle A. Effect of Reaction Parameters on the Synthesis of 5-Arylidene Barbituric Acid Derivatives in Ball Mills. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/op5003787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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97
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Simons TA, Weiler R, Strege S, Bensmann S, Schilling M, Kwade A. A Ring Shear Tester as Calibration Experiment for DEM Simulations in Agitated Mixers – A Sensitivity Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.01.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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98
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Kockmann A, Hesselbach J, Zellmer S, Kwade A, Garnweitner G. Facile surface tailoring of metal oxide nanoparticles via a two-step modification approach. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08932h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a versatile two-step approach that allows a rational tailoring of the surface properties of metal oxide nanoparticles, showing many benefits e.g. for the realization of optimized particle–matrix interfaces in nanocomposites.
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Schönstedt B, Jacob HJ, Schilde C, Kwade A. Scale-up of the power draw of inline-rotor–stator mixers with high throughput. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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100
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Paranjpe M, Finke J, Richter C, Gothsch T, Kwade A, Büttgenbach S, Müller-Goymann C. Physicochemical characterization of sildenafil-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle dispersions (SLN) for pulmonary application. Int J Pharm 2014; 476:41-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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