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Reichart D, Brand C, Schäfer A, Schmidt S, Deuse T, Wagner F, Bernhardt A, Reichenspurner H, Barten M. Single Center Experience of Minimally-Invasive Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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77
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Lüdtke K, Schäfer A, Braun C, Elsner B, Kopkow C, Grüneberg C, Ehrenbrusthoff K, Braun T. Forschung erleben, Kontakte knüpfen und Impulse für die eigene Arbeit mitnehmen: Bericht vom Forschungssymposium Physiotherapie an der Hochschule für Gesundheit in Bochum und von der 1. Mitgliederversammlung der DGPTW. PHYSIOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1567163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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78
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Reichart D, Brand C, Schäfer A, Deuse T, Barten J, Wagner F, Reichenspurner H, Bernhardt A. Single-Center Experience of Minimally Invasive Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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79
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Schofer N, Deuschl F, Schön G, Seiffert M, Linder M, Schäfer A, Schirmer J, Reichenspurner H, Blankenberg S, Conradi L, Schäfer U. Balloon-Expandable versus Mechanically Expandable Transcatheter Heart Valves: Comparison of Procedural, Clinical, and Functional Outcomes. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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80
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Kühn C, Tongers J, Sommer W, Ius F, Kaufeld T, Bauersachs J, Haverich A, Schäfer A. Biventricular Mechanical Support Combining Impella Microaxial Pump and Veno-arterial ECLS Rescues High-Risk Patients in Refractory Cardiogenic Shock. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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81
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Reichart D, Deuschl F, Schofer N, Schäfer A, Seiffert M, Schirmer J, Blankenberg S, Reichenspurner H, Schäfer U, Conradi L. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with True Bicuspid Valves Type 0. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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82
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Hall T, Coppieters MW, Nee R, Schäfer A, Ridehalgh C. Neurodynamic treatment improves leg pain, back pain, function and global perceived effect at 4 weeks in patients with chronic nerve-related leg pain. J Physiother 2017; 63:59. [PMID: 27964965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Moessnang C, Schäfer A, Bilek E, Roux P, Otto K, Baumeister S, Hohmann S, Poustka L, Brandeis D, Banaschewski T, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Tost H. Specificity, reliability and sensitivity of social brain responses during spontaneous mentalizing. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2016; 11:1687-1697. [PMID: 27445211 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsw098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The debilitating effects of social dysfunction in many psychiatric disorders prompt the need for systems-level biomarkers of social abilities that can be applied in clinical populations and longitudinal studies. A promising neuroimaging approach is the animated shapes paradigm based on so-called Frith-Happé animations (FHAs) which trigger spontaneous mentalizing with minimal cognitive demands. Here, we presented FHAs during functional magnetic resonance imaging to 46 subjects and examined the specificity and sensitivity of the elicited social brain responses. Test-retest reliability was additionally assessed in 28 subjects within a two-week interval. Specific responses to spontaneous mentalizing were observed in key areas of the social brain with high sensitivity and independently from the variant low-level kinematics of the FHAs. Mentalizing-specific responses were well replicable on the group level, suggesting good-to-excellent cross-sectional reliability [intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs): 0.40-0.99; dice overlap at Puncorr<0.001: 0.26-1.0]. Longitudinal reliability on the single-subject level was more heterogeneous (ICCs of 0.40-0.79; dice overlap at Puncorr<0.001: 0.05-0.43). Posterior temporal sulcus activation was most reliable, including a robust differentiation between subjects across sessions (72% of voxels with ICC>0.40). These findings encourage the use of FHAs in neuroimaging research across developmental stages and psychiatric conditions, including the identification of biomarkers and pharmacological interventions.
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84
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Cao H, Bertolino A, Walter H, Schneider M, Schäfer A, Taurisano P, Blasi G, Haddad L, Grimm O, Otto K, Dixson L, Erk S, Mohnke S, Heinz A, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Mühleisen TW, Mattheisen M, Witt SH, Cichon S, Noethen M, Rietschel M, Tost H, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Altered Functional Subnetwork During Emotional Face Processing: A Potential Intermediate Phenotype for Schizophrenia. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:598-605. [PMID: 27145286 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although deficits in emotional processing are prominent in schizophrenia, it has been difficult to identify neural mechanisms related to the genetic risk for this highly heritable illness. Prior studies have not found consistent regional activation or connectivity alterations in first-degree relatives compared with healthy controls, suggesting that a more comprehensive search for connectomic biomarkers is warranted. OBJECTIVES To identify a potential systems-level intermediate phenotype linked to emotion processing in schizophrenia and to examine the psychological association, task specificity, test-retest reliability, and clinical validity of the identified phenotype. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPATIONS The study was performed in university research hospitals from June 1, 2008, through December 31, 2013. We examined 58 unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia and 94 healthy controls with an emotional face-matching functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm. Test-retest reliability was analyzed with an independent sample of 26 healthy participants. A clinical association study was performed in 31 patients with schizophrenia and 45 healthy controls. Data analysis was performed from January 1 to September 30, 2014. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Conventional amygdala activity and seeded connectivity measures, graph-based global and local network connectivity measures, Spearman rank correlation, intraclass correlation, and gray matter volumes. RESULTS Among the 152 volunteers included in the relative-control sample, 58 were unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia (mean [SD] age, 33.29 [12.56]; 38 were women), and 94 were healthy controls without a first-degree relative with mental illness (mean [SD] age, 32.69 [10.09] years; 55 were women). A graph-theoretical connectivity approach identified significantly decreased connectivity in a subnetwork that primarily included the limbic cortex, visual cortex, and subcortex during emotional face processing (cluster-level P corrected for familywise error = .006) in relatives compared with controls. The connectivity of the same subnetwork was significantly decreased in patients with schizophrenia (F = 6.29, P = .01). Furthermore, we found that this subnetwork connectivity measure was negatively correlated with trait anxiety scores (P = .04), test-retest reliable (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.57), specific to emotional face processing (F = 17.97, P < .001), and independent of gray matter volumes of the identified brain areas (F = 1.84, P = .18). Replicating previous results, no significant group differences were found in face-related amygdala activation and amygdala-anterior cingulate cortex connectivity (P corrected for familywise error =.37 and .11, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Our results indicate that altered connectivity in a visual-limbic subnetwork during emotional face processing may be a functional connectomic intermediate phenotype for schizophrenia. The phenotype is reliable, task specific, related to trait anxiety, and associated with manifest illness. These data encourage the further investigation of this phenotype in clinical and pharmacologic studies.
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Engelhardt M, Musch B, Bhattacharya T, Green JR, Gupta R, Hägler P, Krieg S, Negele J, Pochinsky A, Schäfer A, Syritsyn S, Yoon B. Lattice QCD calculations of transverse momentum-dependent parton distributions (TMDs). EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201611201008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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86
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Schäfer A, Conradi L, Schäfer U. Die Therapie der Aortenklappenstenose mit TAVI-Systemen der nächsten Generation. AKTUELLE KARDIOLOGIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-110767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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87
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Westhofen S, Kloss L, Al-Saydali T, Schön G, Schäfer A, Seoudy H, Kodolitsch Y, Reichenspurner H, Detter C. Degeneration of Pericardial Aortic Valve Biological Prostheses in Correlation with Age Decades and Different Types of Prostheses - Long Term Follow-up Results. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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88
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Schönebeck J, Reiter B, Schneeberger Y, Schäfer A, Reichenspurner H, Gulbins H. Does the Choice of Arterial Graft Influence the Outcome in Long-Term Follow-up? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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89
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Bernhardt A, Barten M, Schäfer A, Sill B, Wagner F, Reichenspurner H, Deuse T. The Value of PET-CT Scans in Patients with Ventricular Assist Devices. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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90
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Predel HG, Pabst H, Schäfer A, Voss D, Giordan N. Diclofenac patch for the treatment of acute pain caused by soft tissue injuries of limbs: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2016; 56:92-99. [PMID: 26014092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the efficacy and the safety of a newly-developed patch containing diclofenac sodium 140 mg in patients affected by acute soft tissue sport injuries, such as contusion, strain and sprain with a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS One hundred and sixty-four subjects were recruited within 3 hours of a soft-tissue sport injury and were equally assigned to receive diclofenac or placebo patch applied twice a day for 7 days. The primary study endpoint was reduction in severity of pain on movement from baseline to 48 hours measured by Visual Analogue Scale. Secondary outcomes were reduction of pain on movement and at rest, reduction of pain on pressure, time to efficacy onset, global efficacy assessment and use of rescue analgesics. RESULTS The reduction of pain on movement from baseline to day 2 was markedly greater in the diclofenac group compared with placebo (treatment effect: -24.25 mm, P<0.001 between groups). Statistically significant improvements were also observed in the diclofenac group compared to placebo for the secondary variables of pain on movement and at rest, pain on pressure, time to efficacy onset and global patient and investigator efficacy assessment. Local adverse reactions at the application site were reported in comparable rates in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The diclofenac patch could be a safe and effective alternative to the oral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of minor sport injuries.
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Schäfer A, Appuhn P, Dall S, Gaidys J, Michalk K, Müller C, Riedesel N, Schöttker-Königer T. Reliabilität und Reproduzierbarkeit der neutralen LWS-Position im Sitz bei jungen Erwachsenen. PHYSIOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1553996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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92
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Marquardt J, Tampin B, Schöttker-Königer T, Schäfer A. Die Übersetzung des „Oxford Elbow Score“ (OES) in die deutsche Version der „Oxford Ellenbogen Bewertung“ (OEB). PHYSIOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1554033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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93
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Heckl S, Reiners C, Buck AK, Schäfer A, Dick A, Scheurlen M. Evidence of impaired carbohydrate assimilation in euthyroid patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 70:222-8. [PMID: 26443039 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) represents a wide-spread autoimmune disease. In euthyroid patients with HT, an impaired assimilation of common carbohydrates has been observed. Our objectives were to compare the frequency of (1) fructose (FM), lactose (LM) and sorbitol malassimilation (SM), (2) gastrointestinal symptoms (GS) following carbohydrate ingestion and (3) recurrent GS relevant to the participants' daily lives. SUBJECTS/METHODS We conducted a prospective case-control study of 45 ambulatory patients with HT and 38 healthy volunteers, matched with regard to age, gender and area of origin. Hydrogen breath tests with fructose, lactose, sorbitol and glucose were performed, the lactose testing additionally comprising measurements of capillary blood glucose (cBG). GS during the tests and recurrent GS concerning the participants' daily lives were assessed. A food-frequency questionnaire was administered. RESULTS FM was diagnosed in 48.9% of patients compared with 26.3% of the control group (P=0.035). In all, 42.2% of patients with HT and 21.1% of healthy controls showed LM (P=0.04). FM and/or LM was present in 73.3% of the patients and in 42.1% of healthy controls (P=0.004). GS after the ingestion of fructose (P=0.003) or lactose (P=0.025) and recurrent GS were significantly more prevalent in the case group. The consumption of free fructose, lactose or sorbitol did not differ. CONCLUSIONS Carbohydrate malassimilation and gastrointestinal complaints are frequent in euthyroid patients with HT, leading to novel clinical and pathophysiological considerations and concepts.
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Heldmann P, Schöttker-Königer T, Schäfer A. Cross-cultural Adaption and Validity of the “Patient Specific Functional Scale” / Kulturelle Adaption und Validierung der deutschen Version der “Patient Specific Functional Scale”. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROFESSIONS 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/ijhp-2015-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: Measurement of activity and participation related outcomes play an important role in rehabilitation of low back pain. Therefore the „Patient Specific Functional Scale»(PSFS) was developed to assess individual, patient related activities. The aim of this study is the cultural adaptation and validation of the PSFS for German speaking countries.
Method: A cultural translation and adaptation process was carried out in accordance with standardized guidelines. The internal and external responsiveness and the construct validity adjustment to the German version pertaining to patients with lumbar back pain was examined in comparison to the «Oswestry Disability Index»(ODI).
Results: In both groups the PSFS proved itself to be more sensitive in comparison to the ODI. The internal responsiveness of ODI improved ES= -0.75), (non-improved ES= -0.38). PSFS (improved ES= 1.96), (non-improved ES 0.77). The external responsiveness of ODI (AUC= 0.59), of PSFS (AUC= 0.83) (P= 0.0068). Constructs of both measurement instruments have a weak and a moderate correlation on measuring point 1 (r= -0.28) and 2 (r= -0.58).
Conclusion: The German version of PSFS proves itself to be a feasible model and a method of high sensitivity in evaluating changes in the functional ability of patients with lumbar back pain. The instrument can be recommended to be used in clinical practice.
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Bilek E, Ruf M, Schäfer A, Akdeniz C, Calhoun VD, Schmahl C, Demanuele C, Tost H, Kirsch P, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Information flow between interacting human brains: Identification, validation, and relationship to social expertise. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:5207-12. [PMID: 25848050 PMCID: PMC4413334 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1421831112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Social interactions are fundamental for human behavior, but the quantification of their neural underpinnings remains challenging. Here, we used hyperscanning functional MRI (fMRI) to study information flow between brains of human dyads during real-time social interaction in a joint attention paradigm. In a hardware setup enabling immersive audiovisual interaction of subjects in linked fMRI scanners, we characterize cross-brain connectivity components that are unique to interacting individuals, identifying information flow between the sender's and receiver's temporoparietal junction. We replicate these findings in an independent sample and validate our methods by demonstrating that cross-brain connectivity relates to a key real-world measure of social behavior. Together, our findings support a central role of human-specific cortical areas in the brain dynamics of dyadic interactions and provide an approach for the noninvasive examination of the neural basis of healthy and disturbed human social behavior with minimal a priori assumptions.
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96
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Biermann D, Paske M, Jelinek M, Schäfer A, Bernhardt A, Seoudy H, Subbotina I, Schneeberger Y, Sachweh J, Reichenspurner H, Ehmke H, Schwoerer A. Dynamic Electrocardiographic Changes in Non-Loaded Heterotopically Transplanted Rat Hearts. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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97
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Haddad L, Schäfer A, Streit F, Lederbogen F, Grimm O, Wüst S, Deuschle M, Kirsch P, Tost H, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Brain structure correlates of urban upbringing, an environmental risk factor for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2015; 41:115-22. [PMID: 24894884 PMCID: PMC4266290 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbu072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Urban upbringing has consistently been associated with schizophrenia, but which specific environmental exposures are reflected by this epidemiological observation and how they impact the developing brain to increase risk is largely unknown. On the basis of prior observations of abnormal functional brain processing of social stress in urban-born humans and preclinical evidence for enduring structural brain effects of early social stress, we investigated a possible morphological correlate of urban upbringing in human brain. In a sample of 110 healthy subjects studied with voxel-based morphometry, we detected a strong inverse correlation between early-life urbanicity and gray matter (GM) volume in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC, Brodmann area 9). Furthermore, we detected a negative correlation of early-life urbanicity and GM volumes in the perigenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) in men only. Previous work has linked volume reductions in the DLPFC to the exposure to psychosocial stress, including stressful experiences in early life. Besides, anatomical and functional alterations of this region have been identified in schizophrenic patients and high-risk populations. Previous data linking functional hyperactivation of pACC during social stress to urban upbringing suggest that the present interaction effect in brain structure might contribute to an increased risk for schizophrenia in males brought up in cities. Taken together, our results suggest a neural mechanism by which early-life urbanicity could impact brain architecture to increase the risk for schizophrenia.
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98
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Kahle M, Schäfer A, Seelig A, Schultheiß J, Wu M, Aichler M, Leonhardt J, Rathkolb B, Rozman J, Sarioglu H, Hauck SM, Ueffing M, Wolf E, Kastenmueller G, Adamski J, Walch A, Hrabé de Angelis M, Neschen S. High fat diet-induced modifications in membrane lipid and mitochondrial-membrane protein signatures precede the development of hepatic insulin resistance in mice. Mol Metab 2014; 4:39-50. [PMID: 25685688 PMCID: PMC4314525 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Excess lipid intake has been implicated in the pathophysiology of hepatosteatosis and hepatic insulin resistance. Lipids constitute approximately 50% of the cell membrane mass, define membrane properties, and create microenvironments for membrane-proteins. In this study we aimed to resolve temporal alterations in membrane metabolite and protein signatures during high-fat diet (HF)-mediated development of hepatic insulin resistance. Methods We induced hepatosteatosis by feeding C3HeB/FeJ male mice an HF enriched with long-chain polyunsaturated C18:2n6 fatty acids for 7, 14, or 21 days. Longitudinal changes in hepatic insulin sensitivity were assessed via the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, in membrane lipids via t-metabolomics- and membrane proteins via quantitative proteomics-analyses, and in hepatocyte morphology via electron microscopy. Data were compared to those of age- and litter-matched controls maintained on a low-fat diet. Results Excess long-chain polyunsaturated C18:2n6 intake for 7 days did not compromise hepatic insulin sensitivity, however, induced hepatosteatosis and modified major membrane lipid constituent signatures in liver, e.g. increased total unsaturated, long-chain fatty acid-containing acyl-carnitine or membrane-associated diacylglycerol moieties and decreased total short-chain acyl-carnitines, glycerophosphocholines, lysophosphatidylcholines, or sphingolipids. Hepatic insulin sensitivity tended to decrease within 14 days HF-exposure. Overt hepatic insulin resistance developed until day 21 of HF-intervention and was accompanied by morphological mitochondrial abnormalities and indications for oxidative stress in liver. HF-feeding progressively decreased the abundance of protein-components of all mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, inner and outer mitochondrial membrane substrate transporters independent from the hepatocellular mitochondrial volume in liver. Conclusions We assume HF-induced modifications in membrane lipid- and protein-signatures prior to and during changes in hepatic insulin action in liver alter membrane properties – in particular those of mitochondria which are highly abundant in hepatocytes. In turn, a progressive decrease in the abundance of mitochondrial membrane proteins throughout HF-exposure likely impacts on mitochondrial energy metabolism, substrate exchange across mitochondrial membranes, contributes to oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and the development of insulin resistance in liver.
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Key Words
- 2-[14C]DG, 2-[1-14C]deoxyglucose
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AUC, area under the curve
- B, basal
- Basal, 17 h fasting
- Clamp
- DAG, diacylglycerol
- Diabetes
- EGP, endogenous (hepatic) glucose production
- GIR, glucose infusion rate
- HF, high-fat diet
- Hepatosteatosis
- IS, insulin-stimulated
- LF, low-fat diet
- Metabolomics
- Mitochondria
- NEFA, non-esterified fatty acids
- PCaa, diacylglycerophosphocholine
- PCae, glycerophosphocholine
- Proteomics
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Ra, rate of appearance
- Rd, rate of disappearance
- Rg, glucose metabolic index
- SM, sphingolipid
- TAG, triacylglycerol
- WAT, white adipose tissue
- lysoPC, lysophosphatidylcholines
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Lehmann J, Schubert S, Schäfer A, Laspe P, Haenssle HA, Ohlenbusch A, Gratchev A, Emmert S. A novel mutation in the XPA gene results in two truncated protein variants and leads to a severe XP/neurological symptoms phenotype. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:2479-82. [PMID: 25393472 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway repairs UV-induced DNA lesions in an accurate fashion and prevents UV-irradiated areas of the skin from tumour formation. The XPA protein plays a major role in DNA damage demarcation as well as stabilization of other NER factors and was found to be defective in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) complementation group A patients. OBJECTIVE Characterization of four new XP-A patients. METHODS Genomic and cDNA sequencing, post-UV cell survival of living cells, host-cell reactivation of patients' fibroblasts and Western blotting. RESULTS One of the four investigated patients shows a novel mutation leading to two different truncated protein variants. Three patients contain the already described p.R228X mutation. All patient cell lines exhibit a strong UVC sensitivity and reduced NER capability. In most of the cases stable protein expression was detected. CONCLUSION We discovered four new XP-A patients and a novel XPA mutation resulting in two diverse patient alleles.
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