Bilateral vision loss as the initial presentation for central nervous system involvement of mantle cell lymphoma: A case series

Purpose

Mantle cell lymphoma is a rare aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkins B cell lymphoma. It typically presents with asymptomatic monoclonal lymphocytosis, lymphadenopathy or bulky extranodal disease. Mantle cell lymphoma rarely affects the central nervous system. We present two cases in which vision loss was the initial symptom of central nervous system involvement by the malignancy.

Observations

Both patients initially received high dose intravenous steroids with notable improvement in their vision.

Conclusions and importance

Early detection and management of optic nerve infiltration by mantle cell lymphoma is essential as it improves visual outcomes and enables prompt management of the patient's systemic disease.

LINC00106 prevents against metastasis of thyroid cancer by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition

OBJECTIVE

Thyroid cancer (TC) is a common malignant tumor of the endocrine system, and its morbidity and mortality are in the high places. Recent studies have focused on exploring biological markers and targeted therapy for TC. This research aims to elucidate the role of LINC00106 in the progression of TC and the regulatory mechanisms.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Differential level of LINC00106 in a downloaded profile containing TC and normal tissues from GEPIA database was analyzed. Subsequently, its level in TC tissues and cell lines was detected by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The relationship between LINC00106 level and clinical data of TC patients was assessed, including age, tumor staging, lymphatic metastasis, and overall survival. After transfection of si-LINC00106, TC cell metastasis was evaluated by wound healing and transwell assay. Relative levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, β-catenin, and Vimentin regulated by LINC00106 were determined using qRT-PCR and Western blot.

RESULTS

LINC00106 was downregulated in TC tissues than normal ones. Its level was correlated to tumor staging, lymphatic metastasis and overall survival in TC patients. The knockdown of LINC00106 in BCPCP and TPC-1 cells enhanced migratory and invasive abilities and triggered the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

CONCLUSIONS

LINC00106 is lowly expressed in TC specimens, which attenuates migratory and invasive abilities in TC by inhibiting EMT as a tumor suppressor.

CircRNA_009934 induces osteoclast bone resorption via silencing miR-5107

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to explore the expression of circRNA_009934 in osteoclast, as well as its potential roles in regulating osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via regulating miR-5107.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We performed qRT-PCR analysis to examine the expression of circRNA_009934 in osteoclast in distinctive stages. We used CCK-8 assay to detect the cell proliferation ability. Correlation analysis between the expression levels of circRNA_009934 and miR-5107 was performed using statistical analysis. Bioinformatics prediction was performed to predict the binding site of circRNA_009934 and miR-5107, subsequently followed by Luciferase assay for validation. The mice TRAF6 3'-UTR were cloned into the Luciferase reporter vector and miR-5107 binding mutants were constructed to validate the inhibited regulation of miR-5107 to the expression of TRAF6.

RESULTS

Our results showed that expression of circRNA_009934 was increased during osteoclast differentiation. CircRNA_009934 expression was closely correlated with osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption activity. Bioinformatics prediction and Luciferase assay demonstrated that circRNA_009934 served as a ceRNA of miR-5107 and regulated its downstream TRAF6 expression.

CONCLUSIONS

We first demonstrated that circRNA_009934 expression was increased in osteoclasts, which promoted osteoclastogenesis by serving as a ceRNA of miR-5107 and regulated the expression of TRAF6.

A173 INNOVATIVE CARE FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: USE OF BEDSIDE INTESTINAL ULTRASOUND TO OPTIMIZE MANAGEMENT

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant alterations in the ability to deliver outpatient care to patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including endoscopic evaluation. This has highlighted the need for alternative, accurate, non-invasive strategies to safely assess disease activity.

Aims

The aim of this study is to describe the impact of point of care intestinal ultrasound (IUS) in a university-based tertiary care IBD urgent access clinic.

Methods

We prospectively evaluated a comprehensive care pathway which incorporated outpatient sigmoidoscopy and intestinal ultrasound with the purpose of directing further ambulatory clinical care and avoiding hospitalization or hospital-based investigations including endoscopy during the COVID pandemic for patients with established IBD with symptoms suggestive of a disease flare, or those at high risk of a new diagnosis of IBD. Non-invasive markers C Reactive Protein (CRP) and fecal calprotectin (fCal) were collected where available. Patients were pre-screened for influenza-like illness, as COVID-19 testing was not available for this population during the study period. Substantial management changes were defined as addition of any medications, biologic switch/ optimization, and or referral for surgical consultation.

Results

Between March 15^th and June 30^th 2020, a total of 72 patients were seen in the urgent access clinic. All patients were seen within 7 days of referral. The majority were female 57% (41/72) and/ or had Crohn’s disease 65.5% (47/72) (Table 1). Of these, 84.7% (61/72) underwent a substantial management change based on features of active inflammation detected by either IUS alone (53% 38/72) sigmoidoscopy alone (12.5% 9/72) or combination IUS with in-clinic sigmoidoscopy (32% 23/72) in addition to CRP and fCal. Three new diagnoses of IBD were made: one colonic Crohn’s and 2 with ulcerative colitis. One pregnant patient avoided all acute care utilization. Five patients were referred to colorectal surgery for urgent resection including two patients admitted directly for emergent operations. No patients required visits to the emergency department. Furthermore, there have been no unscheduled hospitalizations occurred in this cohort since inception March 23, 2020 til November 15^th 2020.

Conclusions

The implementation of IUS in a centralized, urgent access clinic pathway resulted in efficient and meaningful changes in IBD management while sparing the need for acute care services including ER visits, need for in-hospital endoscopy, and hospitalization. The pandemic highlights the utility of this patient-center tool and supports expansion of wider IUS adoption.

Funding Agencies

None

A80 IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN IBD PATIENT CARE

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting patients and healthcare providers worldwide. During the first wave of the pandemic, healthcare delivery shifted from in-person to virtual clinics. Non-urgent and some emergent procedures, including endoscopies, surgeries, and imaging, were delayed to limit the spread and divert resources to COVID-19.

Aims

To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in care to IBD patients

Methods

A survey study was conducted to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on IBD care. All patients had a virtual clinic appointment between March to July 2020 at either: University of Alberta Hospital or the University of Calgary Clinic. A section of the survey assessed patient experience of virtual clinics and delays in access to IBD care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results

A total of 1581 patients were contacted to complete the survey. 628 patients agreed to participate in the survey, however not all patients completed each component. The mean age of patients who participated in the survey was 48 years (SD = 15.19). 408 patients responded to satisfaction/future use questions: 84.3% (344) patients agree/strongly agree they were comfortable communicating to the physician using the remote system, 77.5% (316) of patients agree/strongly agree that virtual clinic is an acceptable way to receive healthcare services, 84.8% (346) of patients agree/strongly agree they would use virtual care services again, and 82.6% (337) agree/strongly agree they were satisfied with the telehealth system.

Additional challenges were reported by 228 patients. Fear and stress (infection risk/mental health concerns/unemployment) was reported by 57.4% (131) patients. Access to healthcare services, PPE, and community resources was a challenge experienced by 26.3% (60) patients. Additionally, 16.2% (37) patients experienced uncertainty around IBD-specific care, including procedures, treatments, labs, and medications.

Overall, 17.3% of patients reported some type of delay in care by July 2020. Table 1 shows the proportion of patients with a delay by type of care and the median delay: 5.7% of patients with IBD had surgery delayed by a median of 10 weeks (8–16 weeks).

Conclusions

While some delays in healthcare delivery occurred during the first wave of the pandemic, overall 82.7% of patients with IBD maintained their care without disruption. Sustaining healthcare delivery to the IBD community required adaptation to virtual care; however, patient satisfaction was overwhelming positive among patients with IBD.

Funding Agencies

None

A21 ULCERATIVE COLITIS-ASSOCIATED E. COLI PATHOBIONTS POTENTIATE COLITIS IN SUSCEPTIBEL HOSTS

Background

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition linked to intestinal microbial dysbiosis, including the expansion of E. coli strains related to extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli. These “pathobionts” exhibit pathogenic properties, but their potential to promote UC is unclear due to the lack of relevant animal models.

Aims

We explored the potential to establish a mouse model of GI infection by the UC-associated E. coli strain p19A, as well as characterize the pathogenic features of p19A.

Methods

We used a representative UC pathobiont strain (p19A), and mice lacking single immunoglobulin and toll-interleukin 1 receptor domain (SIGIRR), a deficiency increasing susceptibility to gut infections. Vancomycin-pretreated Sigirr-/- mice were subsequently gavaged with the control E. coli DH10B (a derivative of commensal strain K-12) or p19A. One day after infection, mice were exposed to 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in their drinking water for another 4 days.

Results

Strain p19A was found to adhere to the cecal mucosa of Sigirr-/- mice, causing modest inflammation. Moreover, it dramatically worsened DSS-induced colitis. This potentiation was attenuated using a p19A strain lacking α-hemolysin genes, or when we targeted pathobiont adherence using a p19A strain lacking the adhesin FimH, or following treatment with FimH antagonists.

Conclusions

Thus, UC pathobionts adhere to the intestinal mucosa, and worsen the course of colitis in susceptible hosts in a manner dependent on specific virulence factors, including α-hemolysin and FimH.

Funding Agencies

CCC, CIHR

A123 DEFINING CROHN’S DISEASE STRICTURES USING INTESTINAL ULTRASOUND COMPARED TO HISTOPATHOLOGY

Background

Fibrostenotic Crohn’s Disease (CD) is a challenging phenotype often leading to surgical resection. Diagnostic imaging is an invaluable tool to diagnose CD strictures. MRE (Magnetic Resonance Enterography) is the most widely used modality for evaluating strictures, but is limited by access and cost. The current definition of strictures is based only on MRE or CT (computed tomography). Strictures are defined as increased bowel wall thickness (BWT), narrowed luminal apposition, and pre-stenotic dilation > 3cm according to CONSTRICT MR/CT expert consensus criteria. However, this definition has not been studied in intestinal US (IUS). IUS is a cost-effective, easily repeatable, and well-tolerated tool shown to have equal accuracy to MRE in diagnosing and monitoring CD.

Aims

The objective of this study was to assess the utility of identifying strictures with IUS using CONSTRICT definition.

Methods

In this retrospective pilot study, 30 of 80 CD patients who underwent small bowel resection (gold standard for stricture diagnosis) between 2015–2019 with IUS within 6 months prior to surgery were randomly identified for chart review. IUS was performed in a fasted state without oral contrast. Data extracted included confirmed stricture on resection specimens defined as having fibrosis and prestenotic dilation. Fistulizing disease was excluded. Student’s t-tests, sensitivities, specificities, positive (PNV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated for IUS in detecting strictures.

Results

Of the 30 CD patients evaluated, 20 patients had fibrostenosis on pathology and IUS reports. Only 40% (8/20) met CONSTRICT criteria for stricture diagnosis on IUS, despite having a stricture on pathology. All patients had elevated BWT and luminal narrowing, but 60% (12/20) did not have prestenotic dilation > 3cm. Mean dilation was 2.9 cm (SD 1.38) and was significantly different from the mean stricture diameter of 1.3cm (SD 0.59 cm, p=0.0001, 95% CI: 0.9–2.2). Mean BWT was 8.7 mm (SD: 2.5, range 5–15) where normal is < 3mm, and mean luminal apposition was 2.3 mm (SD 1.2, range 0.2–5.8mm). IUS has a sensitivity of 95.2% (95% CI: 76.2 - 99.9%), specificity of 66.7% (95% CI: 29.9 - 92.5%), PPV of 87.0% (95% CI: 72.5–94.4), and NPV of 85.7% (95% CI 45.6–97.7%) in detecting strictures when compared to gold standard.

Conclusions

CONSTRICT criteria for diagnosing fibrostenotic CD on CT/MR may not be applicable to IUS. In this study, only 40% of patients met criteria despite having histologic confirmed strictures. Thus, perhaps additional criteria of stricture diameter < 50% of prestenotic dilation size is most appropriate for IUS. This pilot study provides the initial data to delineate an IUS stricture definition for future validation and to inform both clinical practice and trial design.

Funding Agencies

None

A155 REAL-WORLD USE OF CORTIMENT IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY

Background

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing and remitting disease with variable severity. BudesonideMMX (Cortiment®) was approved by Health Canada for the treatment of mild to moderate UC in July 2016. It offers the advantage of extensive first pass hepatic metabolism resulting in decreased systemic corticosteroid toxicity. Most public drug plans in Canada do not cover it, limiting its use to private insurance and self-pay.

Aims

To characterize the UC patients who use Cortiment® and explore prescribing patterns and short-term outcomes.

Methods

Population-based administrative data identified patients who were covered by the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan and dispensed Cortiment® from August 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. Analyses identified: age, sex, rural/urban status, Material [MDI] and Social Deprivation Indices [SDI], UC-related medications 6-months before and 10-weeks following Cortiment® dispensing, and disease exacerbation indicators (new dispense of corticosteroids, hospitalization with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as most responsible diagnosis, or IBD-related surgery).

Results

We identified 427 UC patients dispensed Cortiment®. The median age was 47 years (25th %: 35; 75th %: 59) and 57.4% were females. Most individuals (91.3%, n=390) resided in an urban setting, as compared to approximately 73% of all UC cases. Distribution of patients across SDI was consistent while the MDI had a higher proportion in the more well-off categories. 77.5% had a UC-related drug therapy in the 6 months prior to Cortiment® dispensing and 71.7% had a UC-related drug dispensed in the 10-weeks following. Approximately, 30% had a disease exacerbation indicators in the 10 weeks following dispensing: 24.8% new corticosteroid, 3.7% UC-related hospitalization, and <2.3% UC-related surgery.

Conclusions

Despite lack of public drug coverage, Cortiment® was dispensed across socioeconomic classes. The high dispensing within urban sites suggests that rural UC patients may have less access to Cortiment®. While a quarter of Cortiment® dispensings had a new concurrent dispensing of prednisone, <5% of these patients were admitted to hospital for a flare of UC.

Funding Agencies

Ferring Pharmaceuticals

The feasibility of dual-energy CT to predict the probability of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage after successful mechanical thrombectomy

AIM

To study the ability of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) after successful mechanical thrombectomy (MT) to predict symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH) in anterior circulation acute ischaemic stroke (AIS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

From June 2018 to February 2020, 102 AIS patients with DECT performed immediately after successful MT were enrolled prospectively. According to the presence of iodine contrast media extravasation (ICME) on DECT and subsequent sICH development, patients were classified into four groups. The neurological outcome was compared among groups. Imaging parameters, together with clinical factors, were investigated for sICH prediction based on a linear logistic regression model after class-imbalance resolved by Synthetic Minority Sampling Technique (SMOTE) method.

RESULTS

Among 102 patients, patients (14.7%, 15/102) with the presence of sICH experienced worse outcomes than others without sICH (p<0.001). No case without ICME was observed with sICH development (0/102). The parameters derived from DECT have excellent performance for sICH prediction after successful MT, which is better than clinical predictive model boosted data (area under the curve [AUC]: DECT 0.87 versus clinical prediction 0.65), cross-validation results (AUC: DECT 0.87 versus clinical prediction 0.65), and original data (AUC: DECT 0.85 versus clinical prediction 0.68). By combining clinical and radiological parameters, the predictive performance for sICH could be further improved with an AUC of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.85-0.96).

CONCLUSIONS

Based on DECT parameters acquired immediately after successful MT, the present model was more efficient than the clinical model for accurate prediction of sICH. Rho and ICME volume appeared to be the best parameters for predicting sICH using DECT.

Cinobufagin suppresses colorectal cancer growth via STAT3 pathway inhibition

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become one of the most common types of cancer with the highest morbidity and mortality rates globally. Cinobufagin, a natural product extracted from toad venom and a major active ingredient in cinobufotalin, exhibits high antitumor activity. Here, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities of cinobufagin and explored the underlying mechanisms in CRC. Cinobufagin could inhibit proliferation, migration, invasion and promote apoptosis of HCT116, RKO, and SW480 cells in vitro. Mechanistically, cinobufagin simultaneously suppressed the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and blocked the interleukin-6 (IL6)-induced nuclear translocation of STAT3. IL6 activated the STAT3 pathway, subsequently inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, cinobufagin suppressed EMT in CRC by inhibiting the STAT3 pathway. Animal experiments clearly showed that cinobufagin could reduce tumor growth. Cinobufagin may be used clinically as a novel STAT3 inhibitor for CRC adjuvant therapy.

[Investigation and analysis of reproductive health status of female street cleaners in a district]

Objective: To explore the reproductive health status of the female street cleaners in Chaoyang district of Beijing and its influencing factors. Methods: In July 2018, a total of 647 questionnaires were sent out to female road cleaning and sanitation workers in the whole district, 613 of which were valid, with an effective rate of 94.7%. Frequency or percentage (%) is used for statistical description of counting data, and mean standard deviation is used for measurement data. The influencing factors were analyzed by 2 test. Results: The average age of 613 female road sweepers in Chaoyang District of Beijing was 42.01 (SD=6.69) years old, including 535 married female workers (87.28%) , 356 middle school and below educated (58.08%) , 292 non Beijing registered (47.63%) , accounting for (/613) , (/613) female workers working hours >8 hours per day 110 (17.94%) , weekly rest <2 days 341 (55.63%) . 144 (23.49%) women workers did not have regular gynecological examination, 119 (19.41%) had reproductive tract infections, 177 (28.87%) had abnormal menstruation in recent 6 months. Drinking, sexual behavior outside marriage, night shift and job satisfaction were all the influencing factors (P<0.05) . The increasing age, working years, drinking, household registration in other places and the decreasing satisfaction of women workers＇ rights and interests protection were all the influencing factors (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The reproductive health status of female road sweepers in Chaoyang District of Beijing is not optimistic.

Rapid detection of extended-spectrum β-Lactamases producers in Enterobacteriaceae using a calorimetry approach

AIM

To design and assess a novel protocol that employs isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) for rapid detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producers in clinical pathogens.

METHODS AND RESULTS

A total of 69 clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates were examined in the new ESBL-ITC test by examining the heat profiles associated with enzyme hydrolysis of different substrates (imipenem, cefotaxime and clavulanic acid). The presence of β-lactamase genes in the bacteria tested was confirmed by PCR and DNA sequencing. Comparative analysis between ESBL-ITC and conventional minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC)/combined disk method (CDM) showed high agreement between the two assays. However, the ESBL-ITC test had a remarkable advantage of providing testing result within 1 h, in comparison to the 32-48 h required by MIC/CDM.

CONCLUSIONS

The ESBL-ITC test developed in this work offers a new option for rapid and accurate detection of ESBL-producers.

SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY

Timely detection of ESBL-producers is vital to guide the decision-making process in clinical treatment as well as in hospital-infection control. The new ESBL-ITC test provides a rapid phenotypic assay that can be further adapted for clinical diagnosis of ESBL-producing pathogens.

Electron Microprobe/SIMS Determinations of Al in Olivine: Applications to Solar Wind, Pallasites and Trace Element Measurements

Electron probe microanalyzer measurements of trace elements with high accuracy are challenging. Accurate Al measurements in olivine are required to calibrate SIMS implant reference materials for measurement of Al in the solar wind. We adopt a combined EPMA/SIMS approach that is useful for producing SIMS reference materials as well as for EPMA at the ~100 μg g^-1 level. Even for mounts not polished with alumina photoelectron spectroscopy shows high levels of Al surface contamination. In order to minimize electron beam current density, a rastered 50 × 100 μm electron beam was adequate and minimized sensitivity to small Al-rich contaminants. Reproducible analyses of eleven SIMS-cleaned spots on San Carlos olivine agreed at 69.3 ± 1.0 μg g^-1• The known Al mass fraction was used to calibrate an Al implant into San Carlos. Accurate measurements of Al were made for olivines in the pallasites: lmilac, Eagle Station and Springwater. Our focus was on Al in olivine, but our technique could be refined to give accurate electron probe measurements for other contamination-sensitive trace elements. For solar wind, it is projected that the Al/Mg abundance ratio can be determined to 6%, a factor of 2 more precise than the solar spectroscopic ratio.

MFN2 contributes to metabolic disorders and inflammation in the aging of rat chondrocytes and osteoarthritis

OBJECTIVE

Metabolic disorders and inflammation of chondrocytes are major pathological changes in aging cells and osteoarthritis (OA). Recent studies demonstrated age-related mitochondrial dysfunction may be a key contributing factor in the development of OA. Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) is a key regulator of mitochondrial fusion, cell metabolism, autophagy and apoptosis. This study was performed to ascertain whether MFN2 was involved in the aging of chondrocytes and OA.

METHODS

Metabolic measurements were taken in rat chondrocytes between different ages (3-week, 5-month, 12-month). MFN2 activity was detected in both human and rat chondrocytes during aging and OA. Then, knockdown of MFN2 with small interfering RNA (siRNA) was performed to confirm whether MFN2 contributes to metabolic changes. Lentiviruses were used to establish MFN2-overexpression/knockdown OA models both in vivo and in vitro to confirm whether MFN2 contributes to OA progress. Further, regulatory mechanism of MFN2 was assessed and interaction between MFN2 and PARKIN was performed.

RESULTS

A metabolic shift to mitochondrial respiration was confirmed in rat chondrocytes during aging. MFN2 expression was elevated in both human and rat chondrocytes during aging and OA. Knockdown of MFN2 with siRNA reversed the age-related metabolic changes in rat chondrocytes. Overexpression of MFN2 exacerbated inflammation and OA progress, while knockdown of MFN2 ameliorated inflammation and OA progress. Further, MFN2 could be ubiquitinated by PARKIN, declined PARKIN expression during aging and OA might result in elevated MFN2 expression.

CONCLUSIONS

Elevated MFN2 contributes to metabolic changes and inflammation during aging of rat chondrocytes and osteoarthritis.

Dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 alters the intestinal microbiota and metabolites in weaned piglets

AIM

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis (BS) DSM 32315 on the intestinal microbiota composition and metabolites of weaned pigs.

METHODS AND RESULTS

Sixty-four piglets were allocated to two groups (control and BS), each group including eight replicates with four piglets. Dietary BS DSM 32315 increased (P < 0·05) the abundances of jejunal Leucobacter and Cupriavidus, ileal Thermus, Coprococcus and Bifidobacterium, as well as colonic Succiniclasticum; and increased the concentrations of ileal straight-chain fatty acids, colonic propionate, branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs), and tyramine, but decreased (P < .05) the colonic indole concentration. The ileal and colonic microbial community structure tended to cluster into two groups. LEfSe analysis identified five microbial biomarkers in jejunum and eight biomarkers in ileum in the BS group, and three biomarkers in colon in the control group. The ileal Bifidobacterium abundance was positively correlated (P < 0·05) with isovalerate concentration, while the colonic Actinobacteria and Lactobacillus abundances were negatively correlated (P < 0·05) with indole concentration.

CONCLUSION

These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with BS DSM 32315 could alter the diversity, composition, and metabolites of intestinal microbiota in weaned piglets.

SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY

Weaned piglets are often accompanied with impaired gastrointestinal tract and intestinal disorder affecting their growth. This study demonstrated that dietary BS DSM 32315 presented a beneficial role in gut health via regulating intestinal microbiota composition and metabolites.

ELECTROACUPUNCTURE IMPROVES INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN HIGH-FAT DIET-INDUCED INSULIN RESISTANT RATS BY ACTIVATING SIRT1 AND GLUT4 IN QUADRICEPS FEMORIS

OBJECTIVES

To assess the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at the Zusanli (ST36), Guanyuan (CV4), Zhongwan (CV12), and Fenglong (ST40) acupoints on sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin-resistant (IR) rats.

METHODS

Wistar rats were divided into normal control (NC), HFD, and HFD+EA groups. NC rats were fed a standard chow diet and did not receive EA. After being fed an HFD for eight weeks, rats in the HFD+EA group received EA at 2 Hz five times a week for eight weeks. Rats in the HFD group did not receive EA.

RESULTS

In HFD-induced IR rats, EA inhibited body weight increase and water intake, which were observed in HFD rats. EA had no effect on fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood sugar levels. Intraperitoneal insulin tolerance testing revealed that EA enhanced insulin sensitivity in HFD-induced IR rats. Compared with NC rats, SIRT1 and GLUT4 were downregulated in the quadriceps femoris of HFD-fed rats but were increased after eight weeks of EA stimulation.

CONCLUSIONS

EA enhanced HFD-induced insulin resistance by activating SIRT1 and GLUT4 in the quadriceps femoris. These results provide powerful evidence supporting the beneficial effects of EA on HFD-induced insulin resistance.

SAT0447 CORRELATES OF RADIAL BONE MICROARCHITECTURES IN OLDER ADULTS

Background:

Weight, dietary patterns, vitamin D, physical activity and grip strength have been suggested to be associated with bone loss in older adults. However, studies have yet been performed to investigate the associations between these factors and radial bone microarchitecture.

Objectives:

This study aimed to describe the associations of weight, dietary patterns, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations, physical activity and grip strength with bone measures in older adults.

Methods:

Cross-sectional data on 201 older adults (mean age 72 years, female 46%) from a population-based cohort study were analysed. Weight, dietary patterns, serum 25(OH)D concentrations, physical activity (steps per day), grip strength were collected and analysed from baseline to 10-year follow-up. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at spine, hip and whole body were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Radial cortical and trabecular bone microarchitectures were measured by high-resolution peripheral computed tomography (HRpQCT). Multivariable linear regression was used to analyse associations of study factors with bone measures.

Results:

Weight was positively associated with radial bone area (total: β=0.18, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.29; cortical: β=0.12, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.21; trabecular: β=0.18, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.32), and was inversely associated with compact cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) (β= -0.19, 95% CI: -0.37, -0.01) and trabecular thickness (β= -0.25, 95% CI: -0.43, -0.07). Ten-year changes in weight were not significantly associated with bone measures, apart from radial trabecular separation (β= 0.15, 95%CI: 0.009, 0.28). Western dietary pattern scores were inversely associated with radial vBMD (total: β= -0.17, 95% CI: -0.32, -0.01; cortical: β= -0.19, 95% CI: -0.34, -0.04; compact cortical: β= -0.19, 95% CI: -0.34, -0.04; outer transitional zone: β= -0.20, 95% CI: -0.35, -0.06), and were positively associated with cortical porosity (cortical: β= 0.18, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.33; compact cortical: β= 0.19, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.34; outer transitional zone: β= 0.20, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.35). Steps per day were not significantly associated with bone measures, apart from inner transitional zone area and thickness (β= 0.12, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.24; β= 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.33). Healthy food pattern scores, serum 25(OH)D and grip strength were not significantly associated with radial HRpQCT measures.

Conclusion:

Higher weight, but not weight change, was beneficial for radial cortical and trabecular bone area but also associated with worse compact cortical vBMD and trabecular thickness. Higher western dietary pattern scores had adverse effects on radial vBMD and cortical porosity while physical activity had inconsistent associations.

Disclosure of Interests:

None declared

0380 Association of Day-to-Day Variability in Rest-Activity Circadian Rhythm with Sleep Quality Among Law Enforcement Officers

Introduction

Poor sleep quality may be attributed to several occupational factors and has been linked to adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease. Recent epidemiologic studies suggest rest-activity circadian rhythm (RAR) as a possible determinant of poor sleep quality. The focus of these studies has been on the magnitude of the parameters of RAR with little attention to the impact of their day-to-day fluctuation. We examined association of daily variation in parameters of RAR with sleep quality.

Methods

Participants (n=280) were officers from the Buffalo Cardio-metabolic Occupational Police Stress Study (2004-2009). Sleep quality was determined using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Participants wore wrist actigraph for a minimum of seven days. A cosine curve was fit to measure goodness of fit and estimate the mean values of the three parameters of RAR: Mesor, Amplitude, and Acrophase. Day-to-day variability of the parameters were assessed by fitting the cosine function separately for each day and computing the sample standard deviation across the days. Poisson regression models were conducted adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and occupational factors.

Results

The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 50.3%. Poor sleep quality was 56% higher in officers with the largest day-to-day variability in Mesor (PR=1.56, 95%CI:1.11 - 2.19) compared to those with the lowest daily variation. Similar estimates were found for Amplitude (PR=1.42, 1.03 - 1.95), Acrophase (PR=1.86, 1.29 - 2.67), and measure of goodness of fit (PR=1.54, 1.13 - 2.11). On the other hand, mean values of RAR parameters were not significantly associated with poor sleep quality.

Conclusion

Results suggest larger daily variation in parameters of RAR is associated with a decrease in sleep quality. Given that day-to-day variation in RAR may increase the odds of poor sleep quality, future studies ought to address risk factors for higher daily fluctuations in RAR which could aid in developing intervention measures.

Support

CDC/NIOSH grant 1R01OH009640-01A1