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Gunderson JA, Hunt MC, Houser TA, Boyle EAE, Dikeman ME, Johnson DE, VanOverbeke DL, Hilton GG, Brooks C, Killefer J, Allen DM, Streeter MN, Nichols WT, Hutcheson JP, Yates DA. Effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride feeding duration on crossbred beef semimembranosus steak color in aerobic or modified atmosphere packaging12. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:3739-50. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-1843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Carpenter LM, Venables KM, Linsell L, Brooks C, Keegan TJ, Langdon T, Doyle P, Maconochie NES, Fletcher T, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Beral V. Mortality and cancer morbidity in a cohort of British military veterans included in chemical warfare agent experiments at Porton Down. Br J Soc Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2009.096719u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Fenlon D, Foster C, Brooks C, Stephens R, Payne S, Coleman P, Simmonds P, Seymour J, Walsh B, Addington-Hall J. 4224 Exploring the breast cancer experiences, needs and preferences of women aged 70 years and over. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70841-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Levine N, Dorr R, Ertl G, Brooks C, Alberts D. Effects of a potent synthetic melanotropin, Nle4-D-Phe7-α-MSH (Melanotan-I) on tanning: a dose-ranging study. J DERMATOL TREAT 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/09546639909056014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Cho IJ, Ki SH, Brooks C, Kim SG. Role of hepatitis B virus X repression of C/EBPbeta activity in the down-regulation of glutathione S-transferase A2 gene: implications in other phase II detoxifying enzyme expression. Xenobiotica 2009; 39:182-92. [PMID: 19255944 DOI: 10.1080/00498250802549808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
1. A genome-wide in silico screening rendered the genes of phase II enzymes in the rat genome whose promoters contain the putative DNA elements interacting with CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) and NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2). The hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein strongly modulates the transactivation and/or the repression of genes regulated by some bZIP transcription factors. 2. This study investigated the effects of HBx on the induction of phase II enzymes with the aim of elucidating the role of HBx interaction with C/EBPbeta or Nrf2 bZIP transcription factors in hepatocyte-derived cells. 3. Immunoblot and reporter gene analyses revealed that transfection of HBx interfered with the constitutive and inducible GSTA2 transactivation promoted by oltipraz (C/EBPbeta activator), but not that by tert-butylhydroquinone (t-BHQ, Nrf2 activator). Moreover, HBx transfection completely inhibited GSTA2 reporter gene activity induced by C/EBPbeta, but failed to inhibit that by Nrf2. 4. Gel shift assays identified that HBx inhibited the increase in C/EBPbeta-DNA complex formation by oltipraz, but not the increase in Nrf2-DNA complex by t-BHQ. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblot assays verified the direct interaction between HBx and C/EBPbeta. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed HBx inhibition of C/EBPbeta binding to its binding site in the GSTA2 gene promoter. HBx repressed the induction of other phase II enzymes including GSTP, UDP-glucuronyltransferase 1A, microsomal epoxide hydrolase, GSTM1, GSTM2, and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase. 5. These results demonstrate that HBx inhibits the induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes, which is mediated by its interaction with C/EBPbeta, but not Nrf2, substantiating the specific role of HBx in phase II detoxifying capacity.
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Brooks C, Finlay D, Blackburn P, Ball HJ. Detection of Mycoplasma mycoides sub-species mycoides small colony by a specific capture/enrichment monoclonal antibody-based sandwich ELISA. Res Vet Sci 2009; 87:200-3. [PMID: 19361829 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2008] [Revised: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes the development of a specific Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony (MmmSC) monoclonal antibody (MAb), 6E3, and its application in a sandwich ELISA (sELISA) format. Mab 6E3 reacted only to the 12 MmmSC within the 32 M. mycoides cluster strains and 12 representative strains of other bovine, ovine and caprine associated mycoplasmas examined. A capture/enrichment format of the sELISA that combined MAb 6E3 with a previously developed MAb 3H12 that cross reacted with Mmm Large Colony [Rodriguez, F., Ball, H.J., Finlay, D., Campbell, D., Mackie, D.P., 1996. Detection of Mycoplasma mycoides sub-species mycoides by monoclonal antibody-based sandwich ELISA. Veterinary Microbiology 51, 69-76], retained MmmSC specificity and improved the sensitivity from the 1.2x10(7)cfu/ml for a standard 2h capture stage sELISA down to as low as 2cfu/ml for a 72h capture. A low level of false positives (1%) was observed when this assay was applied to 200 bovine respiratory and milk samples submitted for diagnostic investigation. This simple and specific sELISA provides a suitable assay for screening large numbers of samples for CBPP.
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Carpenter LM, Linsell L, Brooks C, Keegan TJ, Langdon T, Doyle P, Maconochie NES, Fletcher T, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Beral V, Venables KM. Cancer morbidity in British military veterans included in chemical warfare agent experiments at Porton Down: cohort study. BMJ 2009; 338:b655. [PMID: 19318700 PMCID: PMC4984479 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.b655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine cancer morbidity in members of the armed forces who took part in tests of chemical warfare agents from 1941 to 1989. DESIGN Historical cohort study, with cohort members followed up to December 2004. DATA SOURCE Archive of UK government research facility at Porton Down, UK military personnel records, and national death and cancer records. PARTICIPANTS All veterans included in the cohort study of mortality, excluding those known to have died or been lost to follow-up before 1 January 1971 when the UK cancer registration system commenced: 17,013 male members of the UK armed forces who took part in tests (Porton Down veterans) and a similar group of 16,520 men who did not (non-Porton Down veterans). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cancer morbidity in each group of veterans; rate ratios, with 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for age group and calendar period. RESULTS 3457 cancers were reported in the Porton Down veterans compared with 3380 cancers in the non-Porton Down veterans. While overall cancer morbidity was the same in both groups (rate ratio 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.95 to 1.05), Porton Down veterans had higher rates of ill defined malignant neoplasms (1.12, 1.02 to 1.22), in situ neoplasms (1.45, 1.06 to 2.00), and those of uncertain or unknown behaviour (1.32, 1.01 to 1.73). CONCLUSION Overall cancer morbidity in Porton Down veterans was no different from that in non-Porton Down veterans.
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Venables KM, Brooks C, Linsell L, Keegan TJ, Langdon T, Fletcher T, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Maconochie NES, Doyle P, Beral V, Carpenter LM. Mortality in British military participants in human experimental research into chemical warfare agents at Porton Down: cohort study. BMJ 2009; 338:b613. [PMID: 19318699 PMCID: PMC3269894 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.b613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate any long term effects on mortality in participants in experimental research related to chemical warfare agents from 1941 to 1989. DESIGN Historical cohort study. Data sources Archive of UK government research facility at Porton Down, UK military personnel records, and national death and cancer records. Participants 18,276 male members of the UK armed forces who had spent one or more short periods (median 4 days between first and last test) at Porton Down and a comparison group of 17,600 non-Porton Down veterans followed to 31 December 2004. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mortality rate ratio of Porton Down compared with non-Porton Down veterans and standardised mortality ratio of each veteran group compared with the general population. Both ratios adjusted for age group and calendar period. RESULTS Porton Down veterans were similar to non-Porton Down veterans in year of enlistment (median 1951) but had longer military service (median 6.2 v 5.0 years). After a median follow-up of 43 years, 40% (7306) of Porton Down and 39% (6900) of non-Porton Down veterans had died. All cause mortality was slightly greater in Porton Down veterans (rate ratio 1.06, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.10, P<0.001), more so for deaths outside the UK (1.26, 1.09 to 1.46). Of 12 cause specific groups examined, rate ratios in Porton Down veterans were increased for deaths attributed to infectious and parasitic (1.57, 1.07 to 2.29), genitourinary (1.46, 1.04 to 2.04), circulatory (1.07, 1.01 to 1.12), and external (non-medical) (1.17, 1.00 to 1.37) causes and decreased for deaths attributed to in situ, benign, and unspecified neoplasms (0.60, 0.37 to 0.99). There was no clear relation between type of chemical exposure and cause specific mortality. The mortality in both groups of veterans was lower than that in the general population (standardised mortality ratio 0.88, 0.85 to 0.90; 0.82, 0.80 to 0.84). CONCLUSIONS Mortality was slightly higher in Porton Down than non-Porton Down veterans. With lack of information on other important factors, such as smoking or service overseas, it is not possible to attribute the small excess mortality to chemical exposures at Porton Down.
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Shan J, Brooks C, Kon N, Li M, Gu W. Dissecting roles of ubiquitination in the p53 pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009:127-36. [PMID: 19202598 DOI: 10.1007/2789_2008_105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modification of proteins by mono- or polyubiquitination represents a central mechanism to modulate a wide range of cellular functions like protein stability, intracellular transport, protein interactions, and transcriptional activity. Analogous to other posttranslational modifications, ubiquitination is a reversible process counteracted by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), which cleave the isopeptide linkage between protein substrate and the ubiquitin residue. The p53 tumor suppressor is a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcriptional factor that plays a central role in regulating growth arrest and apoptosis during the stress response. Notably, recent studies indicate that both the stability and the subcellular localization of p53 are tightly regulated by ubiquitination; p53 is mainly ubiquitinated by Mdm2 but other ubiquitin ligases such as ARF-BP1/HectH9/MULE are also involved in p53 regulation in vivo. Moreover, a deubiquitinase HAUSP was initially identified in p53 deubiquitination but more recent studies showed that both Mdm2 and Mdmx are also bona fide substrates of HAUSP. In this article, we review our latest understanding of ubiquitination in modulating the p53 tumor suppression pathway.
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Keegan TJ, Walker SAS, Brooks C, Langdon T, Linsell L, Maconochie NES, Doyle P, Fletcher T, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Carpenter LM, Venables KM. Exposures Recorded for Participants in the UK Chemical Warfare Agent Human Research Programme, 1941–1989. ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE 2009; 53:83-97. [PMID: 19131404 DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/men040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Davies H, Brophy S, Fielding A, Bingley P, Chandler M, Hilldrup I, Brooks C, Williams R. Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in South Wales: incidence and characterization. Diabet Med 2008; 25:1354-7. [PMID: 19046228 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02580.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To define the incidence and characteristics of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). METHODS We estimated the incidence of LADA by examining the incidence of Type 2 diabetes and calculating the proportion that were antibody positive. The incidence of Type 2 diabetes was calculated by analysis of computer records of 35 out of 36 general practices in Swansea. In addition, thirty-two practices participated in recruiting people with Type 2 diabetes to have glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody testing. RESULTS The crude proportion of Type 2 patients testing positive for GAD antibodies (GADA) was 4.0% (28/683). This figure did not change when we analysed only the practices that tested more than 60% of all eligible patients. In these practices, 79% (387/487) of all eligible patients were GADA tested and 14/387 [3.6% (95% confidence interval: 2.1-6.1%)] were classified as having LADA. This gives an incidence of LADA of 9 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval: 4.4-17.8 per 100,000) people per year registered with a general practitioner. Patients testing positive for GADA were more likely to have a lower body mass index, other antibodies, to present with acute symptoms and to have higher glycated haemoglobin. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study of the incidence of LADA in primary care. People with LADA make up a significant proportion of people with apparent Type 2 diabetes. Patients with LADA are likely to be symptomatic, have poorer glycaemic control and have other autoimmune antibodies.
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Blackburn P, Brooks C, Ball HJ. Filtration of homogenised tissue samples to improve the diagnostic detection of Mycoplasma bovis by sandwich ELISA. Vet Rec 2008; 163:514-5. [PMID: 18953076 DOI: 10.1136/vr.163.17.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Blackburn P, Brooks C, McConnell W, Ball HJ. Isolation of Mycoplasma bovis from cattle in Northern Ireland from 1999 to 2005. Vet Rec 2007; 161:452-3. [PMID: 17906227 DOI: 10.1136/vr.161.13.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Behrens T, Schill W, Wild P, Frentzel-Beyme R, Ahrens W, Iwatsubo Y, Benezet L, Boutou-Kempf O, Chabault E, Fevotte J, Garras L, Goldberg M, Luce D, Imbernon E, Peplonska B, Wilczynska U, Sobala W, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Thuret A, Geoffroy-Perez B, Luce D, Goldberg M, Imbernon E, Won JU, Koh DH, Roh JH, Kim KS, Canu IG, Molina G, Collomb P, Goldberg M, Perez P, Paquet F, Acker A, Tirmarche M, Berriault C, Lightfoot N, Conlon M, Bissett R, Gottfred B, Robinson CF, Sestito JP, Wood J, Walker JT, Brooks C, Linsell L, Keegan TJ, Langdon T, Beral V, Doyle P, Fletcher T, Maconochie N, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Carpenter LM, Venables KM. Industry based cohorts 1. Occup Environ Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1136/oem.64.12.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Keegan TJ, Brooks C, Walker S, Langdon T, Doyle P, Maconochie NES, Fletcher T, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Carpenter LM, Venables KM, Keegan TJ, Hsiech CM, Yang HY, Shih TS, Lin YC, Kim HM, Burstyn I, Huang AT, Chow WH, Coble J, Bonzini M, Baccarelli A, Tarantini L, Rizzo G, Marinelli B, Bertazzi PA, Tripodi A, Artoni A, Mannucci PM, Apostoli P, Raji OY, van Tongeren M, Feltbower RG, McKinney PA, Bilali LE, Demers P, Nicholas M. Exposure assessment 1. Occup Environ Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1136/oem.64.12.e11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Keegan T, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Fletcher T, Brooks C, Doyle P, Maconochie N, Carpenter L, Venables K. Reconstructing Exposures from the UK Chemical Warfare Agent Human Research Programme. ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE 2007; 51:441-50. [PMID: 17602209 DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mem017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The UK government has carried out a research programme studying military capability under conditions of chemical warfare at a facility at Porton Down, Wiltshire, since World War I. In 2001 the Ministry of Defence commissioned a cohort study to investigate the long-term health effects on military veterans of their participation in this programme. We assessed the availability and quality of exposure assessment data held in the archive at Porton Down for the purpose of this study. This involved looking in detail at exposure data in a sample of 150 veterans and undertaking a general review of all available records held in the archive. These sources suggested that the Porton Down records were largely complete and included sufficient identifying information for linkage with service personnel data and with national mortality and cancer registration records. Servicemen usually had multiple tests so data were most readily available in a test-wise format, allowing subsequent aggregation of tests by individual. The name of the chemical used in each test could be determined for most tests and most of the named chemicals could be categorized into major groups for epidemiological analyses. For the major groups (vesicants and nerve agents), quantitative data were available on exposure and on acute toxicity. Standardization will be required of the several different units which were used. Based on this study, exposure assessment for the cohort study of Porton Down veterans will involve abstraction of the name of the chemical used in each test, with quantitative data on exposure and acute toxicity for vesicants and nerve agents. Our results here show that experimental records at Porton Down offer a unique and valuable resource for reconstructing the chemical exposures used in this research programme. The resulting cohort study has the potential to provide information which will assist in understanding the long-term health impact of chemical warfare agent exposure on these veterans.
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Gyorki DE, Brooks C, Gett R, Heriot AG. CR12 ENTEROCUTANEOUS FISTULAE ? ARE WE GETTING IT RIGHT? ANZ J Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2007.04116_12.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Brooks C, Hancock G, Saunders M. Dependence of the nascent vibrational distribution of NO(v) on the photolysis wavelength of NO2 in the range λ = 266–327 nm measured by time-resolved Fourier transform infrared emission. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:5232-40. [DOI: 10.1039/b710594k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ghose S, Nagrath D, Hubbard B, Brooks C, Cramer S. Use and Optimization of a Dual-Flowrate Loading Strategy to Maximize Throughput in Protein-A Affinity Chromatography. Biotechnol Prog 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/bp040029x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cuzick J, Szarewski A, Cubie H, Hulman G, Kitchener H, Luesley D, McGoogan E, Menon U, Terry G, Edwards R, Brooks C, Desai M, Gie C, Ho L, Jacobs I, Pickles C, Sasieni P. Management of women who test positive for high-risk types of human papillomavirus: the HART study. Lancet 2003; 362:1871-6. [PMID: 14667741 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(03)14955-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are the primary cause of almost all cervical cancers. HPV testing of cervical smears is more sensitive but less specific than cytology for detecting high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+). HPV testing as a primary screening approach requires efficient management of HPV-positive women with negative or borderline cytology. We aimed to compare the detection rate and positive predictive values of HPV assay with cytology and to determine the best management strategy for HPV-positive women. METHODS We did a multicentre screening study of 11085 women aged 30-60 years. Women with borderline cytology and women positive for high-risk HPV with negative cytology were randomised to immediate colposcopy or to surveillance by repeat HPV testing, cytology, and colposcopy at 12 months. FINDINGS HPV testing was more sensitive than borderline or worse cytology (97.1% vs 76.6%, p=0.002) but less specific (93.3% vs 95.8%, p<0.0001) for detecting CIN2+. Of 825 randomised women, surveillance at 12 months was as effective as immediate colposcopy. In women positive for HPV at baseline, who had surveillance, 73 (45%) of 164 women with negative cytology and eight (35%) of 23 women with borderline cytology were HPV negative at 6-12 months. No CIN2+ was found in these women, nor in women with an initial negative HPV test with borderline (n=211) or mild (32) cytology. INTERPRETATION HPV testing could be used for primary screening in women older than 30 years, with cytology used to triage HPV-positive women. HPV-positive women with normal or borderline cytology (about 6% of screened women) could be managed by repeat testing after 12 months. This approach could potentially improve detection rates of CIN2+ without increasing the colposcopy referral rate.
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Nicholas D, Wilson C, Brooks C. Strategies to improve rural african american (AA) participation in stroke prevention research. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2003.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Brooks C. Theory and simulation The control and timescale of structure and reactivity in biological systems: from peptide folding to cellular networks. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-440x(03)00042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Brooks C, Robinson RL, Halsall PJ, Hopkins PM. No evidence of mutations in the CACNA1S gene in the UK malignant hyperthermia population. Br J Anaesth 2002; 88:587-9. [PMID: 12066739 DOI: 10.1093/bja/88.4.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is an inherited, potentially fatal, pharmocogenetic disorder triggered by certain anaesthetic agents. In light of the reported genetic heterogeneity for the disorder and the recent introduction of DNA testing guidelines for the trait, we have assessed the role of the CACNA1S gene in MH susceptibility in UK patients. Linkage to this locus has previously been demonstrated in several European MH families. METHODS AND RESULTS We screened 200 unrelated MH-susceptible individuals for known CACNA1S mutations. With the aim to characterize further novel mutations at this locus, functionally relevant regions of the gene were also sequenced in 10 unrelated individuals from families where the involvement of other MH susceptibility loci was unlikely. No sequence variations were detected in any of the patients investigated. CONCLUSIONS Defects in CACNA1S are not a major cause of MH in the UK population. Diagnostic screening of this gene is unlikely to be of value to UK MH patients in the near future.
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