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Wang J, Chen W, Jiang Z, Lin X, Qin T, Yang X, Liu T, Hu H, Li Z, Xie D, Yao H, Song E. Abstract P4-04-11: A small amount of primary breast cancer shows high tumor mutation burden that may benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-04-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Targeted therapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a major breakthrough in cancer treatment in the last decade. ICIs like PD1 or PD-L1 antibodies have been shown to be quite effective in cancer like melanoma. However, in most other tumor types including breast cancer, the situation is not as optimistic. Only a small percentage of those patients respond to ICIs therapy. This highlights the importance of identifying biomarkers to predict which patients may benefit from such treatment. Tumor Mutation Burden (TMB) has been shown to be a sensitive marker for ICI treatment. This study is to investigate whether TBM could be used as a biomarker for breast cancer treatment.
Methods: We reviewed next generation sequencing studies of breast cancer. Two such studies with raw data provided were included in our analysis. One study entitled METABRIC performed targeted sequencing of 173 cancer-related genes in around 2500 primary breast cancer tissues. The other study was from TCGA breast cancer project, which performed Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) of around 1000 primary breast cancer samples. Mutation data were downloaded from public data deposit. The number of mutations per sample was calculated. TBM was calculated by divide the coverage in million base pair from that of the total mutation counts.
Results: In METABRIC study, 17272 mutations were identified in 2369 samples, with a median of 7 mutations per sample (95% CI: 6 ˜ 7). The median TMB of METABRIC dataset was 5.8 SNVs/Mb (95% CI: 5 ˜ 5.8). Totally 30 out 2369 (1.3%) samples had a TMB equal or large than 20 SNVs/Mb. In another cohort from TCGA breast cancer study using WES technology, 90172 mutations were identified in 977 samples, with a median of 44 mutations per sample (95% CI: 39 ˜ 50). The median TMB was 1 SNVs/Mb (95% CI: 0.9 ˜ 1.1). Totally 13 out 977 (1.3%) samples had a TMB equal or large than 20 SNVs/Mb.
Conclusions: Breast cancer shows middle to low mutation burden compared to other cancer types. Around 1.3% of breast cancer has quite high TMB of at least 20 SNVs/Mb, which may be qualified for immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy. Our study indicates that TMB may be incorporated as a standard test for late stage breast cancer patients in the clinical practice.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Tumor Mutation Burden, Whole exome sequencing, Targeted sequencing, Immune checkpoint
Citation Format: Wang J, Chen W, Jiang Z, Lin X, Qin T, Yang X, Liu T, Hu H, Li Z, Xie D, Yao H, Song E. A small amount of primary breast cancer shows high tumor mutation burden that may benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-04-11.
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Song E, Chao X, Nie Y, Jin X, Tan C, Cui J, Hu H, Yao H. Abstract P4-08-32: Derivation and validation of a novel prediction model in breast phyllodes tumors after surgery. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-08-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to develop a nomogram based on clinicopathological features to evaluate the recurrence probability of breast phyllodes tumors following surgery. The criteria for atypia, mitoses, overgrowth, and surgical margin (AMOS) were also validated.
Method
Data from 334 patients with breast phyllodes tumors, who underwent surgical treatment at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from January 2005 to December 2014, were used to develop a prediction model. Additionally, data of 36 patients from Peking University Shenzhen Hospital and data of 140 patients from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center during the same period were used to validate the model. The medical records and tumor slides were retrospectively reviewed. The log-rank and Cox regression tests were used to develop a clinical prediction model of breast phyllodes tumors as well as validating the AMOS criteriaAll statistical analyses were performed using R and STATA.
Results
Of all 334 patients included in the study, 224 had benign, 91 had borderline, and 19 had malignant tumors. The local and distant recurrence rate was 17.7%. The 1-,3-, and 5-year cumulative recurrence-free survival was 98.5%, 97.9%, and 96.8%, respectively. Surgical margin, mitoses, and tumor border were identified as independent risk factors for breast phyllodes tumors. A nomogram was developed based on these three variables. The C-index of internal and external validation was 0.71and 0.67, respectively. The area under the curve of AMOS criteria was 0.59.
Conclusions
The present study model presented a more concise and objective variables to evaluate the recurrence-free survival of patients after surgery compared with that using the AMOS criteria, which is more appropriate for clinical practice and also allows for a more accurate prediction.
Citation Format: Song E, Chao X, Nie Y, Jin X, Tan C, Cui J, Hu H, Yao H. Derivation and validation of a novel prediction model in breast phyllodes tumors after surgery [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-08-32.
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Song E, Yao H, Yu Y, Ou Q, Wang Y. Abstract P1-16-07: Progression-free survival is a surrogate of survival in maintenance therapy for metastatic breast cancer: Randomized trial level analysis. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-16-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:The validity of progression-free survival (PFS) as a surrogate end point for overall survival (OS) in maintenance therapy trials of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is uncertain. We aimed to compare treatment effect sizes and the strength of associations between OS and PFS in trials of maintenance therapy for MBC.
Methods: We searched for randomized trials investigating maintenance chemotherapy, endocrine therapy or immunotherapy after first-line chemotherapy in MBC and selected those reporting results for both OS and PFS. Treatment effect size differences between OS and PFS by a ratio of hazard ratios (rHRs) with 95% confidence intervals [CIs] were evaluated using random effects analysis. Surrogacy were analyzed using a weighted linear regression model, correlations were evaluated by squared correlation R2.
Results: We analyzed data from 16 trials and 3,898 patients that received maintenance chemotherapy, endocrine therapy or immunotherapy for MBC. In the all trial-level analysis, treatment effect sizes were 28% greater for PFS than for OS (combined rHR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.85, P < 0.001), and the correlation coefficient R2 between PFS and OS was 18% (95% CI, 12% to 26%). Differences were greater with PFS than OS for trials of maintenance chemotherapy compared with observation (rHR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.80, P < 0.001), and the correlation coefficient R2between treatment effects on PFS and on OS ranged from 12% (95% CI, 8% to 16%) when all trials were considered to 40% (95%CI, 30% to 54%) after exclusion of one highly influential trial by sensitivity analysis. Differences were also great for trials of maintenance endocrine therapy vs. observation (rHR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.66), and immunotherapy vs. observation (rHR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.91).
Conclusion: PFS was greater than OS in the treatment effect sizes, which is a valid surrogate end point for OS to assess treatment effect in MBC maintenance therapy trials.
PROSPERO registry: No. CRD42017071858; Support: ChiCTR-IIR-17014036, SYS-C-201801.
Citation Format: Song E, Yao H, Yu Y, Ou Q, Wang Y. Progression-free survival is a surrogate of survival in maintenance therapy for metastatic breast cancer: Randomized trial level analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-16-07.
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Yao H, Wu W, Ding L, Yu Y, Wang Y, Zeng Y, Zhao J, Li Q. Abstract OT2-05-01: FAMILY: A randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase III trial of fulvestrant versus capecitabine as maintenance therapy after first-line combination chemotherapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-ot2-05-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is incurable. Although first-line endocrine therapy is preferred to hormone receptor positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative (HER2-) MBC, combination chemotherapy should be reserved as the initial treatment for patients with rapid clinical progression, life-threatening visceral metastases, and need for rapidly symptom control. Either prolonged chemotherapy or endocrine therapy may be used as maintenance after disease control. However, which maintenance strategy is superior in terms of delaying disease progression as well as maintaining quality of life (QOL) remains uncertain. This phase III trial aims to compare the efficacy and safety of fulvestrant or capecitabine as maintenance therapy after first-line combined chemotherapy in HR+/HER2- MBC.
Trial Design: FAMILY is a multicenter, randomized, open-label phase III trial for HR+ and HER2- MBC. Eligible participants are randomized (1:1) to receive capecitabine (2000mg/m2 twice daily x 14 days followed by 7 days off) or fulvestrant (500mg Days 0, 14, 28, then every 28 days) until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or patient refusal. Stratification factor for randomization is sensitivity to adjuvant hormonal therapy (disease-free interval ≤24 months vs. >24 months).
Eligibility Criteria: Eligible patients must have HR+ (ER and/or PR>1%, by IHC) and HER2- MBC; achieved a complete or partial response or stable disease (investigator assessed) after 4-8 cycles of first-line combination chemotherapy. Patients with central nervous system metastasis and/or prior use of endocrine therapy for advanced breast cancer are excluded.
Specific Aims: The primary endpoint is progression free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints include overall survival, overall response rate, disease control rate, safety and QOL. A prospective translational research is also planned to assess the correlations between biomarkers and response.
Statistical Design: The planned sample size of 256 patients provides approximately 80% of power to detect a 6 months difference of PFS using a log-rank test with two-sided alpha of 0.05.
Target Accrual: Recruitment is ongoing. Up to 256 evaluable subjects will be enrolled within 24 months. (ChiCTR-IIR-17014036).
Citation Format: Yao H, Wu W, Ding L, Yu Y, Wang Y, Zeng Y, Zhao J, Li Q. FAMILY: A randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase III trial of fulvestrant versus capecitabine as maintenance therapy after first-line combination chemotherapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative metastatic breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-05-01.
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Benalia M, Zeller M, Mouhat B, Guenancia C, Yameogo V, Greco C, Yao H, Maza M, Vergès B, Cottin Y. Glycaemic variability is associated with severity of coronary artery disease in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and acute myocardial infarction. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2019; 45:446-452. [PMID: 30763700 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), glycaemic variability (GV), another component of glycaemic abnormalities, is a novel potentially aggravating factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to identify interactions between GV and severity of CAD in diabetes patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS All patients with T2D admitted to our university hospital for AMI from March 2015 to February 2017 who received intravenous (IV) insulin therapy and underwent coronary angiography were included. GV was assessed by mean amplitude of blood glucose excursion (MAGE) values taken within 2 days of admission. Patients with higher GV (highest MAGE tertile) were compared with those with lower GV (first and second MAGE tertiles). RESULTS A total of 204 patients were included: median age was 72 (61-81) years; 32% were female; HbA1c was 7.3% (6.4-8.2%); diabetes duration was 10 (2-17.5) years; and MAGE value was 0.65 (0.43-0.92) g/L. Compared with those with lower GV, patients with the highest GV were more often women, treated with previous insulin, and had higher blood glucose and HbA1c levels. In addition, patients with elevated GV had significantly higher SYNTAX scores: 17 (10-28) vs. 12 (6-22) (P = 0.009). Indeed, SYNTAX scores (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.08; P = 0.001) remained independently associated with high GV beyond HbA1c levels (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.2-1.89; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In AMI patients with poorly controlled diabetes, GV is associated with CAD severity beyond chronic hyperglycaemia. Although no causality can be determined from our observational study, the results suggest that, in AMI, early evaluation of GV might contribute to the identification of those diabetes patients at high risk, and serve as a therapeutic target for both primary and secondary prevention.
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Armstrong W, Kang H, Liyanage A, Maxwell J, Mulholland J, Ndukum L, Ahmidouch A, Albayrak I, Asaturyan A, Ates O, Baghdasaryan H, Boeglin W, Bosted P, Brash E, Butuceanu C, Bychkov M, Carter P, Chen C, Chen JP, Choi S, Christy ME, Covrig S, Crabb D, Danagoulian S, Daniel A, Davidenko AM, Davis B, Day D, Deconinck W, Deur A, Dunne J, Dutta D, El Fassi L, Ellis C, Ent R, Flay D, Frlez E, Gaskell D, Geagla O, German J, Gilman R, Gogami T, Gomez J, Goncharenko YM, Hashimoto O, Higinbotham D, Horn T, Huber GM, Jones M, Jones MK, Kalantarians N, Kang HK, Kawama D, Keith C, Keppel C, Khandaker M, Kim Y, King PM, Kohl M, Kovacs K, Kubarovsky V, Li Y, Liyanage N, Luo W, Mack D, Mamyan V, Markowitz P, Maruta T, Meekins D, Melnik YM, Meziani ZE, Mkrtchyan A, Mkrtchyan H, Mochalov VV, Monaghan P, Narayan A, Nakamura SN, Nuruzzaman A, Pentchev L, Pocanic D, Posik M, Puckett A, Qiu X, Reinhold J, Riordan S, Roche J, Rondón OA, Sawatzky B, Shabestari M, Slifer K, Smith G, Soloviev LF, Solvignon P, Tadevosyan V, Tang L, Vasiliev AN, Veilleux M, Walton T, Wesselmann F, Wood S, Yao H, Ye Z, Zhang J, Zhu L. Revealing Color Forces with Transverse Polarized Electron Scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:022002. [PMID: 30720291 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.022002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Spin Asymmetries of the Nucleon Experiment measured two double spin asymmetries using a polarized proton target and polarized electron beam at two beam energies, 4.7 and 5.9 GeV. A large-acceptance open-configuration detector package identified scattered electrons at 40° and covered a wide range in Bjorken x (0.3<x<0.8). Proportional to an average color Lorentz force, the twist-3 matrix element, d[over ˜]_{2}^{p}, was extracted from the measured asymmetries at Q^{2} values ranging from 2.0 to 6.0 GeV^{2}. The data display the opposite sign compared to most quark models, including the lattice QCD result, and an unexpected scale dependence. Furthermore, when combined with the neutron data in the same Q^{2} range the results suggest a flavor independent average color Lorentz force.
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Ashenfelter J, Balantekin AB, Baldenegro C, Band HR, Bass CD, Bergeron DE, Berish D, Bignell LJ, Bowden NS, Bricco J, Brodsky JP, Bryan CD, Bykadorova Telles A, Cherwinka JJ, Classen T, Commeford K, Conant AJ, Cox AA, Davee D, Dean D, Deichert G, Diwan MV, Dolinski MJ, Erickson A, Febbraro M, Foust BT, Gaison JK, Galindo-Uribarri A, Gilbert CE, Gilje KE, Glenn A, Goddard BW, Hackett BT, Han K, Hans S, Hansell AB, Heeger KM, Heffron B, Insler J, Jaffe DE, Ji X, Jones DC, Koehler K, Kyzylova O, Lane CE, Langford TJ, LaRosa J, Littlejohn BR, Lopez F, Lu X, Martinez Caicedo DA, Matta JT, McKeown RD, Mendenhall MP, Miller HJ, Minock JM, Mueller PE, Mumm HP, Napolitano J, Neilson R, Nikkel JA, Norcini D, Nour S, Pushin DA, Qian X, Romero-Romero E, Rosero R, Sarenac D, Seilhan BS, Sharma R, Surukuchi PT, Trinh C, Tyra MA, Varner RL, Viren B, Wagner JM, Wang W, White B, White C, Wilhelmi J, Wise T, Yao H, Yeh M, Yen YR, Zhang A, Zhang C, Zhang X, Zhao M. First Search for Short-Baseline Neutrino Oscillations at HFIR with PROSPECT. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:251802. [PMID: 30608854 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.251802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the first scientific results from the observation of antineutrinos emitted by fission products of ^{235}U at the High Flux Isotope Reactor. PROSPECT, the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment, consists of a segmented 4 ton ^{6}Li-doped liquid scintillator detector covering a baseline range of 7-9 m from the reactor and operating under less than 1 m water equivalent overburden. Data collected during 33 live days of reactor operation at a nominal power of 85 MW yield a detection of 25 461±283 (stat) inverse beta decays. Observation of reactor antineutrinos can be achieved in PROSPECT at 5σ statistical significance within 2 h of on-surface reactor-on data taking. A reactor model independent analysis of the inverse beta decay prompt energy spectrum as a function of baseline constrains significant portions of the previously allowed sterile neutrino oscillation parameter space at 95% confidence level and disfavors the best fit of the reactor antineutrino anomaly at 2.2σ confidence level.
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N'Djessan JJ, Yao H, Ekou A, Ehouman E, Adoubi A, Kouamé I, Konin C. [Pulmonary embolism and complete atrioventricular block]. JOURNAL DE MÉDECINE VASCULAIRE 2018; 43:375-378. [PMID: 30522711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdmv.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Complete atrioventricular block is a rare complication of pulmonary embolism. We describe the case of a black African patient, aged 42 years, who presented to the emergency department of Abidjan Heart Institute for sudden onset dyspnea and hemoptysis. ECG revealed a third degree atrioventricular block. Computed tomographic angiography showed proximal pulmonary embolism of the right main pulmonary artery. To our knowledge, this is the first case of complete atrioventricular block in pulmonary embolism in Sub-Saharan Africa. In case of pulmonary embolism, clinical and electrocardiographic monitoring is necessary in order to identify this uncommon and potentially serious outcome.
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Yao H, LIU Y, Jin J, Kong F. NTCP Model for Radiation Pneumonitis after Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kong F, Zhang H, LIU Y, Yao H, Cerra-Franco A, Shiue K, Vile D, Wang W, Langer M, Watson G, Bartlett G, Diab K, Birdas T, Timmerman R, Lautenschlaeger T, Jin J. Radiation to the Immune System May be an Important Risk Factor for Long-term Survival after SBRT in Early Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Role of RT Plan Optimization. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yan P, Zhang L, Li FY, Yang Y, Wang YN, Huang AM, Dai YL, Yao H. [Evaluation of ergonomic load of clinical nursing procedures]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2018; 35:581-584. [PMID: 29081125 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the ergonomic load of clinical nursing procedures and to provide evidence for the prevention and management of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in nurses. Methods: Based on the nursing unit characteristics and the common departments involving patient-turning procedures, 552 nurses were selected from 6 clinical departments from July to September, 2016. The ergonomic load of four types of patient-turning procedures, i.e., turning the patient's body, changing the bed linen of in-bed patients, moving patients, and chest physiotherapy, was evaluated by the on-site inspectors and self-evaluated by the operators using the Quick Exposure Check. The exposure value, exposure level, and exposure rate of WMSDs were assessed based on the procedure-related physical loads on the back, shoulders/arms, wrists/hands and neck, as well as the loads from work rhythm and work pressure. Results: All surveyed subjects were females who were aged mostly between 26-30 years (49.46%) , with a mean age of 29.66±5.28 years. These nurses were mainly from the Department of Infection (28.99%) and Spine Surgery (21.56%) . There were significant differences in the back, shoulders/arms, neck, work rhythm, and work pressure scores between different nursing procedures (F=16.613, 5.884, 3.431, 3.222, and 5.085, respectively; P<0.05) . Patient-turning nursing procedures resulted in high to intermediate physical load in nurses. Procedures with high to low level of WMSDs exposure were patient turning (72.69%) , bed linen changing (67.15%) , patient transfer (65.82%) , and chest physiotherapy (58.34%) . In particular, patient turning was considered as very high-risk procedure, whereas others were considered as high-risk procedures. Conclusion: Patient-turning nursing procedures result in high ergonomic load in the operators. Therefore, more focus should be placed on the ergonomics of the caretakers and nurses.
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Wang Y, Bu T, Yan P, Yao H. Comparison of Incidence and Risk of Depression in Recipients of Renal Transplantation and Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in China. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3449-3451. [PMID: 30577220 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate depressive symptoms in recipients of renal transplantation (RTx) compared with patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) in China. METHODS Forty-two Chinese recipients of transplant and 42 Chinese patients on hemodialysis were randomly selected from 2011 to 2012. These 2 groups were assessed with the validated Chinese versions of Hospital Anxiety Depression Scales and Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, fourth edition-after matching by sex, age, marital status, educational background, and somatic comorbidities-for investigation of the relationships of depressive symptoms with sex and family income. RESULTS Irritability was common among both groups, but no significant difference was found. Patients undergoing RTx were less likely than patients of HD to report depressive mood (26.1% vs 38.1%; P < .05), diminished interest or pleasure (14.3% vs 31.0%; P < .05), and suicidal ideation including recurrent thoughts of death (33.3% vs 54.8%; P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Among Chinese patients with end-stage renal disease, improved renal health after RTx reduced the incidence and risk of depression compared with HD. The effective profiling of patients with end-stage renal disease, treated with both RTx and HD, should be more extensive, including examination of all facets of their mental and emotional well-being, to accurately screen for depression.
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Nickel JC, Iwasaki LR, Gonzalez YM, Gallo LM, Yao H. Mechanobehavior and Ontogenesis of the Temporomandibular Joint. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1185-1192. [PMID: 30004817 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518786469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial secondary cartilages of the mandibular condyle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) eminence grow in response to the local mechanical environment. The intervening TMJ disc distributes normal loads over the cartilage surfaces and provides lubrication. A better understanding of the mechanical environment and its effects on growth, development, and degeneration of the TMJ may improve treatments aimed at modifying jaw growth and preventing or reversing degenerative joint disease (DJD). This review highlights data recorded in human subjects and from computer modeling that elucidate the role of mechanics in TMJ ontogeny. Presented data provide an approximation of the age-related changes in jaw-loading behaviors and TMJ contact mechanics. The cells of the mandibular condyle, eminence, and disc respond to the mechanical environment associated with behaviors and ultimately determine the TMJ components' mature morphologies and susceptibility to precocious development of DJD compared to postcranial joints. The TMJ disc may be especially prone to degenerative change due to its avascularity and steep oxygen and glucose gradients consequent to high cell density and rate of nutrient consumption, as well as low solute diffusivities. The combined effects of strain-related hypoxia and limited glucose concentrations dramatically affect synthesis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which limit repair capabilities. Magnitude and frequency of jaw loading influence this localized in situ environment, including stem and fibrocartilage cell chemistry, as well as the rate of ECM mechanical fatigue. Key in vivo measurements to characterize the mechanical environment include the concentration of work input to articulating tissues, known as energy density, and the percentage of time that muscles are used to load the jaws out of a total recording time, known as duty factor. Combining these measurements into a mechanobehavioral score and linking these to results of computer models of strain-regulated biochemical events may elucidate the mechanisms responsible for growth, maintenance, and deterioration of TMJ tissues.
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Xie M, Zheng D, Yao H, Wang Z. Vesicovaginal fistula repair through combined transurethral and transvaginal approaches: A case series study. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2018; 47:487-490. [PMID: 29783034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We report a case series study on five patients who underwent combined transurethral and transvaginal approaches to repair their vesicovaginal fistulas. All of them had failed the previous surgical treatments for their fistulas. Combined transurethral and transvaginal approaches successfully repaired their vesicovaginal fistulas, with minimal intraoperative bleeding and rapid postoperative recoveries. All the clinical symptoms had resolved. Bladder saline infusion tests and cystogram examinations confirmed the successful closure of their fistulas. Follow-up examinations up to one and a half years showed no return of clinical symptoms. Combined transurethral and transvaginal approaches could be successfully applied to patients who failed previous surgical treatments for the vesicovaginal fistula, when the fistula was smaller than 3cm and was located more than 0.5cm from the ureteral orifice.
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Yao H, Zhang Y, Yi X, Zhang X, Fan D, Chow WS, Zhang W. Diaheliotropic leaf movement enhances leaf photosynthetic capacity and photosynthetic light and nitrogen use efficiency via optimising nitrogen partitioning among photosynthetic components in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2018; 20:213-222. [PMID: 29222927 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phototropic leaf movement of plants is an effective mechanism for adapting to light conditions. Light is the major driver of plant photosynthesis. Leaf N is also an important limiting factor on leaf photosynthetic potential. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) exhibits diaheliotropic leaf movement. Here, we compared the long-term photosynthetic acclimation of fixed leaves (restrained) and free leaves (allowed free movement) in cotton. The fixed leaves and free leaves were used for determination of PAR, leaf chlorophyll concentration, leaf N content and leaf gas exchange. The measurements were conducted under clear sky conditions at 0, 7, 15 and 30 days after treatment (DAT). The results showed that leaf N allocation and partitioning among different components of the photosynthetic apparatus were significantly affected by diaheliotropic leaf movement. Diaheliotropic leaf movement significantly increased light interception per unit leaf area, which in turn affected leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf N content (NA ) and leaf N allocation to photosynthesis (NP ). In addition, cotton leaves optimised leaf N allocation to the photosynthetic apparatus by adjusting leaf mass per area and NA in response to optimal light interception. In the presence of diaheliotropic leaf movement, cotton leaves optimised their structural tissue and photosynthetic characteristics, such as LMA, NA and leaf N allocation to photosynthesis, so that leaf photosynthetic capacity was maximised to improve the photosynthetic use efficiency of light and N under high light conditions.
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91
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Korpal M, Puyang X, Furman C, Zheng GZ, Banka D, Wu J, Zhang Z, Thomas M, Mackenzie C, Yao H, Rimkunas V, Kumar P, Caleb B, Karr C, Subramanian V, Irwin S, Larsen N, Vaillancourt F, Nguyen TV, Davis A, Chan B, Hao MH, O'Shea M, Prajapati S, Agoulnik S, Kuznetsov G, Kumar N, Yu Y, Lai G, Hart A, Eckley S, Fekkes P, Bowser T, Joshi JJ, Selvaraj A, Wardell S, Norris J, Smith S, Reynolds D, Mitchell L, Wang J, Yu L, Kim A, Rioux N, Sahmoud T, Warmuth M, Smith PG, Zhu P. Abstract P1-10-08: Development of a first-in-class oral selective ERα covalent antagonist (SERCA) for the treatment of ERαWT and ERαMUT breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p1-10-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mutations in estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) are detected in up to 30% of breast cancer patients who have relapsed during endocrine therapy. ERα mutations functionally confer resistance to existing classes of endocrine therapies, likely through gaining constitutive activity. The fact that current ER-directed therapies are only partially effective in the ERα mutant setting, and that a significant proportion of resistant breast cancer metastases continue to remain dependent on ERα signaling for growth/survival, highlights the critical need to develop the next generation of ERα antagonists that can overcome aberrant ERα activity. Using structure-based drug design approaches we have identified a novel class of ERα antagonist referred to as Selective ERα Covalent Antagonist (SERCA) that inactivate both wild-type and mutant ERα by targeting a unique cysteine residue that is not conserved among other steroid hormone receptors. Biophysical, biochemical and cellular analyses confirm the covalent mechanism of action, specific binding to ER and selective inhibition of ERα-dependent transcription of SERCAs. H3B-6545 is a highly selective SERCA that potently antagonizes wild-type and mutant ERα in biochemical and cell based assays demonstrating increased potency over standard of care and other experimental agents. In vivo, H3B-6545 shows superior efficacy to fulvestrant in the MCF-7 xenograft model with once daily oral dosing, achieving maximal antitumor activity at doses >10x below the maximum tolerated dose in mice. In addition, H3B-6545 shows superior antitumor activity to both tamoxifen and fulvestrant in patient derived xenograft models of breast cancer carrying estrogen receptor mutations. In summary, H3B-6545 is a first-in-class, orally available and selective ER covalent antagonist with a compelling pre-clinical profile that is being developed for the treatment of ERα positive breast cancer.
Citation Format: Korpal M, Puyang X, Furman C, Zheng GZ, Banka D, Wu J, Zhang Z, Thomas M, Mackenzie C, Yao H, Rimkunas V, Kumar P, Caleb B, Karr C, Subramanian V, Irwin S, Larsen N, Vaillancourt F, Nguyen T-V, Davis A, Chan B, Hao MH, O'Shea M, Prajapati S, Agoulnik S, Kuznetsov G, Kumar N, Yu Y, Lai G, Hart A, Eckley S, Fekkes P, Bowser T, Joshi JJ, Selvaraj A, Wardell S, Norris J, Smith S, Reynolds D, Mitchell L, Wang J, Yu L, Kim A, Rioux N, Sahmoud T, Warmuth M, Smith PG, Zhu P. Development of a first-in-class oral selective ERα covalent antagonist (SERCA) for the treatment of ERαWT and ERαMUT breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-10-08.
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92
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Yao H, Ekou A, N'Djessan JJ, Zoumenou A, Angoran I, N'Guetta R. [Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: An exceptional cause of acute coronary syndrome]. JOURNAL DE MEDECINE VASCULAIRE 2018; 43:52-55. [PMID: 29425541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdmv.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an uncommon cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or sudden death, which typically affects young women. We reported two cases of black Africans patients, aged 56 and 52 years old, who presented to Abidjan Heart Institute for ACS. Coronary angiography showed spontaneous dissection of the right coronary artery in the first case, and dissection of the distal left anterior descending artery in the second. A conservative approach was preferred. Both patients received antiplatelet agents, beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and statins, with a favorable in-hospital course. These cases highlight SCAD as a possible cause of ACS. Implementation of interventional cardiology in Sub-Saharan Africa will help identify this uncommon cause of ACS.
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Camsonne A, Katramatou AT, Olson M, Acha A, Allada K, Anderson BD, Arrington J, Baldwin A, Chen JP, Choi S, Chudakov E, Cisbani E, Craver B, Decowski P, Dutta C, Folts E, Frullani S, Garibaldi F, Gilman R, Gomez J, Hahn B, Hansen JO, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Huang J, Iodice M, Jiang X, Kelleher A, Khrosinkova E, Kievsky A, Kuchina E, Kumbartzki G, Lee B, LeRose JJ, Lindgren RA, Lott G, Lu H, Marcucci LE, Margaziotis DJ, Markowitz P, Marrone S, Meekins D, Meziani ZE, Michaels R, Moffit B, Norum B, Petratos GG, Puckett A, Qian X, Rondon O, Saha A, Sawatzky B, Segal J, Shabestari M, Shahinyan A, Solvignon P, Sparveris N, Subedi RR, Suleiman R, Sulkosky V, Urciuoli GM, Viviani M, Wang Y, Wojtsekhowski BB, Yan X, Yao H, Zhang WM, Zheng X, Zhu L. Publisher's Note: JLab Measurements of the ^{3}He Form Factors at Large Momentum Transfers [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 162501 (2017)]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:209901. [PMID: 29219338 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.209901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.162501.
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94
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Defurne M, Jiménez-Argüello AM, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Allada K, Aniol KA, Bellini V, Benali M, Boeglin W, Bertin P, Brossard M, Camsonne A, Canan M, Chandavar S, Chen C, Chen JP, de Jager CW, de Leo R, Desnault C, Deur A, El Fassi L, Ent R, Flay D, Friend M, Fuchey E, Frullani S, Garibaldi F, Gaskell D, Giusa A, Glamazdin O, Golge S, Gomez J, Hansen O, Higinbotham D, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang J, Huang M, Hyde CE, Iqbal S, Itard F, Kang H, Kelleher A, Keppel C, Koirala S, Korover I, LeRose JJ, Lindgren R, Long E, Magne M, Mammei J, Margaziotis DJ, Markowitz P, Mazouz M, Meddi F, Meekins D, Michaels R, Mihovilovic M, Camacho CM, Nadel-Turonski P, Nuruzzaman N, Paremuzyan R, Puckett A, Punjabi V, Qiang Y, Rakhman A, Rashad MNH, Riordan S, Roche J, Russo G, Sabatié F, Saenboonruang K, Saha A, Sawatzky B, Selvy L, Shahinyan A, Sirca S, Solvignon P, Sperduto ML, Subedi R, Sulkosky V, Sutera C, Tobias WA, Urciuoli GM, Wang D, Wojtsekhowski B, Yao H, Ye Z, Zhan X, Zhang J, Zhao B, Zhao Z, Zheng X, Zhu P. A glimpse of gluons through deeply virtual compton scattering on the proton. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1408. [PMID: 29123117 PMCID: PMC5680334 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01819-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The internal structure of nucleons (protons and neutrons) remains one of the greatest outstanding problems in modern nuclear physics. By scattering high-energy electrons off a proton we are able to resolve its fundamental constituents and probe their momenta and positions. Here we investigate the dynamics of quarks and gluons inside nucleons using deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS)-a highly virtual photon scatters off the proton, which subsequently radiates a photon. DVCS interferes with the Bethe-Heitler (BH) process, where the photon is emitted by the electron rather than the proton. We report herein the full determination of the BH-DVCS interference by exploiting the distinct energy dependences of the DVCS and BH amplitudes. In the regime where the scattering is expected to occur off a single quark, measurements show an intriguing sensitivity to gluons, the carriers of the strong interaction.
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95
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Kong F, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yao H, Cerra-Franco A, Shiue K, Vile D, Wang W, Langer M, Watson G, Bartlett G, Diab K, Birdas T, Lautenschlaeger T, Jin J. MA 13.06 New Risk Factors for Overall Survival After SBRT in Early Stage NSCLC: A Role of RT Plan Optimization. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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96
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Camsonne A, Katramatou AT, Olson M, Acha A, Allada K, Anderson BD, Arrington J, Baldwin A, Chen JP, Choi S, Chudakov E, Cisbani E, Craver B, Decowski P, Dutta C, Folts E, Frullani S, Garibaldi F, Gilman R, Gomez J, Hahn B, Hansen JO, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Huang J, Iodice M, Jiang X, Kelleher A, Khrosinkova E, Kievsky A, Kuchina E, Kumbartzki G, Lee B, LeRose JJ, Lindgren RA, Lott G, Lu H, Marcucci LE, Margaziotis DJ, Markowitz P, Marrone S, Meekins D, Meziani ZE, Michaels R, Moffit B, Norum B, Petratos GG, Puckett A, Qian X, Rondon O, Saha A, Sawatzky B, Segal J, Shabestari M, Shahinyan A, Solvignon P, Sparveris N, Subedi RR, Suleiman R, Sulkosky V, Urciuoli GM, Viviani M, Wang Y, Wojtsekhowski BB, Yan X, Yao H, Zhang WM, Zheng X, Zhu L. JLab Measurements of the ^{3}He Form Factors at Large Momentum Transfers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:162501. [PMID: 29099223 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.162501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The charge and magnetic form factors, F_{C} and F_{M}, respectively, of ^{3}He are extracted in the kinematic range 25 fm^{-2}≤Q^{2}≤61 fm^{-2} from elastic electron scattering by detecting ^{3}He recoil nuclei and scattered electrons in coincidence with the two High Resolution Spectrometers of the Hall A Facility at Jefferson Lab. The measurements find evidence for the existence of a second diffraction minimum for the magnetic form factor at Q^{2}=49.3 fm^{-2} and for the charge form factor at Q^{2}=62.0 fm^{-2}. Both minima are predicted to exist in the Q^{2} range accessible by this Jefferson Lab experiment. The data are in qualitative agreement with theoretical calculations based on realistic interactions and accurate methods to solve the three-body nuclear problem.
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Majewski T, Bondaruk J, Yao H, Lee S, Lee J, Zhang S, Choi W, Zhang L, Guo C, Dinney C, McConkey D, Baggerly K, Czerniak B. Molecular characterization of field effects and their progression to clinically evident bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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98
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Long D, Kong F, Galle J, Tann M, Pi W, Furukawa Y, Haskins C, Yao H, Jin J, Cox J, Ellsworth S. Identification of Novel Prognostic Factors via Volumetric Analysis in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Liver Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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LIU Y, Yao H, Wang W, Shiue K, Cerra-Franco A, Vile D, Langer M, Watson G, Bartlett G, Sheski F, Jin J, Lautenschlaeger T, Kong F. Risk Factors for Radiation-Induced Lung Toxicity after Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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100
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Kong F, LIU Y, Cerra-Franco A, Shiue K, Vile D, Yao H, Wang W, Langer M, Watson G, Bartlett G, Diab K, Birdas T, Timmerman R, Lautenschlaeger T, Jin J. Radiation to the Normal Lung May be an Important Risk Factor for Survival after Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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