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Noh MY, Vincent HK. Poster 211 Annual Injury Patterns of Competitive Hardcourt Bike Polo Players in 2010. PM R 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2011.08.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Noh MY, Laker SR, Vincent HK. Characterization of Injuries During Hardcourt Bike Polo Participation: A Descriptive Survey. PM R 2011; 3:523-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2011.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 02/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR, Lamb KM, Conrad BP, Seay AN, Kennedy DJ, MacMillan M. Comparative Acute Physiological Responses to Novel Eccentric Resistance Exercise Prototype Machines and Traditional Machines. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402096.27973.ac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Vincent KR, Vincent HK, Seay AN, Lamb KM, Greenberg S, Conrad BP. Effect of Running and Walking in Barefoot and Shod Conditions on Gait Parameters in Trained Runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402851.25234.2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Vincent HK, Omli MR, Day T, Hodges M, Vincent KR, George SZ. Fear of Movement, Quality of Life, and Self-Reported Disability in Obese Patients with Chronic Lumbar Pain. PAIN MEDICINE 2011; 12:154-64. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2010.01011.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vincent HK, Lamb KM, Day TI, Tillman SM, Vincent KR, George SZ. Morbid obesity is associated with fear of movement and lower quality of life in patients with knee pain-related diagnoses. PM R 2010; 2:713-22. [PMID: 20709300 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Revised: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare fear of movement in patients with different body mass index (BMI) values referred for rehabilitative care of the knee and to examine whether this fear contributed to self-reported knee-related function. We hypothesized that fear of movement would be elevated with increasing BMI and that fear would correspond with lower self-report knee-related function and lower quality of life (QOL). DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING Outpatient therapy clinic affiliated with a tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS Patients with knee pain diagnoses (n = 278) were stratified into 4 BMI groups (in < or =25 kg/m(2) nonobese; 25-29.9 kg/m(2) overweight; 30-39.9 kg/m(2) obese; > or =40 kg/m(2) morbidly obese). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK; fear of movement), International Knee Documentation (IKDC; knee function), and Short-Form 8 (SF-8; QOL) scores were main outcomes. Pain and straight leg raise test scores also were collected. METHODS After review of the medical records, descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests were performed, and TSK, QOL, and SF-8 scores were compared. Hierarchical regression modeling determined the contribution of TSK scores to the variance of IKDC scores. RESULTS Pain scores were greatest in the nonobese group and lowest in the morbidly obese group (7.5 +/- 2.6 points vs 4.8 +/- 3.1 points; P < .05). TSK scores in morbidly obese patients were greater than in nonobese patients (27.1 +/- 7.7 points vs 22.0 +/- 6.6 points; P = .002). The SF-8 mental-physical subscores were 27% to 32% lower in the morbidly obese than nonobese patients (both P < .0001). IKDC scores were lower in the morbidly obese than nonobese patients (32.1 +/- 19.2 points vs 50.9 +/- 23.8 points; P = .0001). Pain severity and TSK scores contributed 28.6% and 7.1% to the variance of the IKDC scores (overall R(2) = 68.6). CONCLUSIONS Morbid obesity is associated with elevated fear of movement. Pain was the strongest predictor of IKDC scores, and fear of movement enhanced this predictive value of the regression model. Despite lower absolute pain severity in the morbidly obese group, this fear may influence IKDC scores in this population. Morbidly obese patients might benefit from rehabilitation activities that reduce fear of movement to optimize participation in rehabilitation activity.
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Vincent HK, DiVita MA, Granger CV, Markello SJ, Vincent KR. Poster 27: Long‐term Functional Outcomes in Patients With Musculoskeletal Sarcoma After Inpatient Rehabilitation. PM R 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Vincent KR, Conrad B, Greenberg S, Lamb KM, Stevenson A, Vincent HK. Poster 348: A Proposal for a Clinical Model of Care for the Treatment and Secondary Prevention of Running Injuries. PM R 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.07.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Poster 46: Absence of Combined Effects of Anemia and Bilateral Surgical Status on Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes After Total Knee Arthroplasty. PM R 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Mobility disability is becoming prevalent in the obese older population (> or = 60 years of age). We included a total of 13 cross-sectional and 15 longitudinal studies based on actual physical assessments of mobility in the obese older population in this review. We systematically examined existing evidence of which adiposity estimate best predicted mobility disability. Cross-sectional studies (82-4000 participants) showed poorer lower extremity mobility with increasing obesity severity in both men and women. All longitudinal studies (1-22 years) except for one, reported relationships between adiposity and declining mobility. While different physical tests made interpretation challenging, a consistent finding was that walking, stair climbing and chair rise ability were compromised with obesity, especially if the body mass index (BMI) exceeded 35 kg m(-2). More studies found that obese women were at an increased risk for mobility impairment than men. Existing evidence suggests that BMI and waist circumference are emerging as the more consistent predictors of the onset or worsening of mobility disability. Limited interventional evidence shows that weight loss is related with increased mobility and lower extremity function. Additional longitudinal studies are warranted that address overall body composition fat and muscle mass or change on future disability.
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Vincent HK, Ben-David K, Cendan J, Vincent KR, Lamb KM, Stevenson A. Effects of bariatric surgery on joint pain: a review of emerging evidence. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2010; 6:451-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2010.03.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tran ND, Kim S, Vincent HK, Rodriguez A, Hinton DR, Bullock MR, Young HF. Aquaporin-1-mediated cerebral edema following traumatic brain injury: effects of acidosis and corticosteroid administration. J Neurosurg 2010; 112:1095-104. [PMID: 19731985 DOI: 10.3171/2009.8.jns081704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Dysregulation of water homeostasis induces cerebral edema. Edema is a major cause of morbidity and mortality following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Aquaporin-1 (AQP-1), a water channel found in the brain, can function as a transporter for CO2 across the cellular membrane. Additionally, AQP-1's promoter contains a glucocorticoid response element. Thus, AQP-1 may be involved with edema-related brain injury and might be modulated by external conditions such as the pH and the presence of steroids. In this study, the authors investigated the hypotheses that: 1) AQP-1 participates in brain water homeostasis following TBI; 2) secondary injury (for example, acidosis) alters the expression of AQP-1 and exacerbates cerebral edema; and 3) corticosteroids augment brain AQP-1 expression and differentially affect cerebral edema under nonacidotic and acidotic conditions. METHODS Anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to moderate to severe TBI (2.5-3.5 atm) or surgery without injury, and they were randomized to receive a 3-mg/kg bolus of intravenous dexamethasone within 10 minutes after injury or surgery, a 3-mg/kg bolus of dexamethasone followed by 1-mg/kg maintenance doses every 8 hours for 24 hours, or saline boluses at similar time intervals. A second group of animals was subjected to respiratory acidosis with target arterial blood pH 6.8-7.2 for 1 hour following the surgery or injury. To evaluate selective blockage of AQP-1, some animals received a single intraperitoneal dose of HgCl2 (0.3-30.0 mmol/L) within 30 minutes of injury or surgery. At 4 or 24 hours postinjury, animals were killed and their brains were harvested for mRNA, protein, or water content analyses. RESULTS The authors demonstrated elevated cerebral edema levels at 4 and 24 hours following TBI. Dexamethasone administration within 1 hour of TBI attenuated the cerebral edema under nonacidotic conditions but worsened it under acidotic conditions. Selective blockage of AQP-1 channels with HgCl2 attenuated the edematous effects of corticosteroids and acidosis. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated a paucity of AQP-1 in the cerebral cortices of the uninjured animals. In contrast, AQP-1 mRNA and protein levels were higher in the cerebral cortices of animals that sustained a TBI. CONCLUSIONS These findings implicate an important, modifiable role for AQP-1 in water homeostasis within the CNS following TBI.
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Vincent HK, Omli MR, Vincent KR. Absence of combined effects of anemia and bilateral surgical status on inpatient rehabilitation outcomes following total knee arthroplasty. Disabil Rehabil 2010; 32:207-15. [PMID: 20001826 DOI: 10.3109/09638280903071875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the effects of anemia on inpatient rehabilitation outcomes following unilateral and bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHOD This was a multicenter, retrospective study from 15 inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Patients (N = 5421) with very low hematocrit (Hct <30%), low Hct (30-36% women, 30-41% men), or normal Hct (>36% women, 41% men) were included. Inpatient rehabilitation occurred following TKA. Functional independence measure (FIM) scores, length of stay (LOS), itemized hospital charges, discharge destination were main outcomes. RESULTS LOS was 13% longer and hospital charges were 12.5-18.0% higher in the very low Hct than remaining groups (p = 0.0001). The FIM score and subscores for walking, stair climbing, bathing, transfers, and dressing changes were comparable for all Hct groups for the overall score. Hct <30% did not correspond to worse outcomes in patients with bilateral surgeries compared with unilateral surgeries; total FIM scores improved 47-53% across all Hct groups, regardless of bilateral surgical status. Discharge to home ranged 92.6-94.7% across all Hct groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Rehabilitation teams can expect comparable functional improvements and discharge to home in anemic and non-anemic patients with either unilateral or bilateral surgeries without hematologic correction in the rehabilitation setting, but might need an additional day to accomplish these outcomes.
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Vincent HK, Bourguignon CM, Taylor AG. Relationship of the dietary phytochemical index to weight gain, oxidative stress and inflammation in overweight young adults. J Hum Nutr Diet 2009; 23:20-9. [PMID: 19735350 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2009.00987.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytochemicals are bioactive nutrients that help reduce disease risk. A high intake of these compounds is important for optimal health and prevention of disease, but quantification of these nutrients in vivo is costly and time consuming. The present examined whether an alternative, simple 'phytochemical index' (PI) ratio calculation (PI = the ratio of the energy from high-nutrient phytochemical-rich foods to overall daily energy consumed [kJ phytochemical rich foods/total kJ consumed]) was related to several precursors of future disease: annual weight gain, adiposity, oxidative stress and inflammation. METHODS This was a cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive study (n = 54, age range 18-30 years). Participants were stratified into normal weight and overweight groups. Three-day dietary records were analysed for food items, food groups, energy and the PI score at repeated time points. Blood plasma samples were analysed by colorimetric or an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay for cholesterol subfractions, glycated haemoglobin, total antioxidant status, lipid hydroperoxides, cytokines (interleukins-1beta and -6) and C-reactive protein). RESULTS PI values were higher in the overweight-obese group. Correlation values between the PI score and body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and plasma oxidative stress were significant. The PI score did not correlate with any cytokine levels. The PI score was a significant contributor to yearly weight gain. CONCLUSIONS The PI is inversely related to adiposity and oxidative stress in healthy young adults, and is responsive to body weight changes. This simple, easy to administer index might be useful as a dietary target for appropriate proportion consumption of nutrient-rich foods in weight reduction or management programmes.
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Vincent HK, DeJong G, Mascarenhas DJ, Vincent KR. Poster 67: The Impact of Body Mass Index and Hip Abductor Brace Use on Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes Following Total Hip Arthroplasty. PM R 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Vincent HK, Barrett EJ, Bourguignon CM, Innes KE, Taylor AG, Vincent KR, Weltman AL. Poster 314: Antioxidant Supplementation Effects on Insulin Sensitivity, Endothelial Adhesion Molecules and Oxidative Stress in Overweight Adults. PM R 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.08.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Vincent HK, Day TI, George SZ, Hodges M, Omli MR, Vincent KR. Poster 185: Obesity is Associated with Elevated Fear of Movement in Patients Seeking Therapy for Chronic Lumbar Pain. PM R 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.08.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Vincent HK, Omli MR, Day TI, Machek M, Vincent KR, Braith RW, George SZ. Obesity Is Associated With Lumbar Pain Related Fear Of Movement And Self Reported Mobility Impairment. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000355469.10145.a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Vincent HK, Bourguignon CM, Weltman AL, Vincent KR, Barrett E, Innes KE, Taylor AG. Effects of antioxidant supplementation on insulin sensitivity, endothelial adhesion molecules, and oxidative stress in normal-weight and overweight young adults. Metabolism 2009; 58:254-62. [PMID: 19154960 PMCID: PMC3325609 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2008.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine whether short-term antioxidant (AOX) supplementation affects insulin sensitivity, endothelial adhesion molecule levels, and oxidative stress in overweight young adults. A randomized, double-blind, controlled study tested the effects of AOXs on measures of insulin sensitivity (homeostasis model assessment [HOMA]) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index), endothelial adhesion molecules (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular adhesion molecule, and endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1), adiponectin, and oxidative stress (lipid hydroperoxides) in overweight and normal-weight individuals (N = 48, 18-30 years). Participants received either AOX (vitamin E, 800 IU; vitamin C, 500 mg; beta-carotene, 10 mg) or placebo for 8 weeks. The HOMA values were initially higher in the overweight subjects and were lowered with AOX by week 8 (15% reduction, P = .02). Adiponectin increased in both AOX groups. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 decreased in overweight AOX-treated groups by 6% and 13%, respectively (P < .05). Plasma lipid hydroperoxides were reduced by 0.31 and 0.70 nmol/mL in the normal-weight and overweight AOX-treated groups, respectively, by week 8 (P < .05). Antioxidant supplementation moderately lowers HOMA and endothelial adhesion molecule levels in overweight young adults. A potential mechanism to explain this finding is the reduction in oxidative stress by AOX. Long-term studies are needed to determine whether AOXs are effective in suppressing diabetes or vascular activation over time.
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Wilder RP, Vincent HK, Stewart J, Pack C, Vincent KR. Clinical Use of Tuning Forks to Identify Running-Related Stress Fractures: A Pilot Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3928/19425864-20090101-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Poster 30: Obesity Influence on Clinical Outcomes in Cardiopulmonary Patients Receiving Rehabilitative Care in the Inpatient Rehabilitation or Skilled Nursing Facility Setting. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Poster 293: Infections During Interdisciplinary Inpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.09.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Poster 39: Congestive Heart Failure Exerts a Limited Influence on Lower Extremity Joint Replacement Rehabilitation Outcomes. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Poster 31: Rehabilitation Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Two Postacute Care Settings: Influence of Therapy Participation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Vincent KR, Vincent HK, Stewart J, Wilder R. Clinical Use of Tuning Forks to Identify Running-Related Stress Fractures. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000323487.27961.3a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Vincent HK, Stephenson ML, Omli MR, Vincent KR. Clinical Outcomes Following Postacute Comprehensive Rehabilitative Care in Patients with Cardiopulmonary Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1615/critrevphysrehabilmed.v20.i2.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Obesity and inpatient rehabilitation outcomes following knee arthroplasty: a multicenter study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16:130-6. [PMID: 18223625 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This multicenter study examined whether inpatient rehabilitation outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were influenced by BMI. METHODS AND PROCEDURES This was a retrospective, comparative study conducted using a computerized medical database and medical records derived from TKA patients, at 15 independent rehabilitation hospitals (N = 5,428). Patients were separated into four groups based on BMI: non-obese (BMI < 25 kg/m(2)), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m(2)), moderately obese (30-40 kg/m(2)), severely obese (BMI > or = 40 kg/m(2)). All patients completed an interdisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation program post-TKA. Total and individual functional independence measure (FIM) scores, length of stay (LOS), FIM efficiency scores, itemized hospital charges, and discharge disposition location, were collected. RESULTS The percentage of total FIM change was 7.5% greater by the time of discharge in the non-obese than in the very severely obese (P < 0.05). FIM efficiency was lowest in the severely obese as compared to the remaining groups (3.7 points (pts)/day vs. 4.0-4.3 pts/day; P = 0.044). The change in the motor FIM score from admission to discharge was 6.7-15.6% greater in the non-obese than in the remaining groups (P < 0.05). The changes in cognition FIM, toilet transfer and walking without assistance scores were higher in the non-obese as compared to the severely obese group (P < 0.05). The severely obese group had higher total, physical and occupational therapy and pharmacy charges than the remaining groups (P < 0.05). DISCUSSION An excessive BMI does not prevent gains during inpatient rehabilitation; however, these gains are made less efficiently and at a higher cost than those made when the BMI is low.
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Innes KE, Vincent HK. The influence of yoga-based programs on risk profiles in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2007; 4:469-86. [PMID: 18227915 PMCID: PMC2176136 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nel103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 11/13/2006] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that yoga may offer a safe and cost-effective intervention for Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (DM 2). However, systematic reviews are lacking. This article critically reviews the published literature regarding the effects of yoga-based programs on physiologic and anthropometric risk profiles and related clinical outcomes in adults with DM 2. We performed a comprehensive literature search using four computerized English and Indian scientific databases. The search was restricted to original studies (1970-2006) that evaluated the metabolic and clinical effects of yoga in adults with DM 2. Studies targeting clinical populations with cardiovascular disorders that included adults with comorbid DM were also evaluated. Data were extracted regarding study design, setting, target population, intervention, comparison group or condition, outcome assessment, data analysis and presentation, follow-up, and key results, and the quality of each study was evaluated according to specific predetermined criteria. We identified 25 eligible studies, including 15 uncontrolled trials, 6 non-randomized controlled trials and 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Overall, these studies suggest beneficial changes in several risk indices, including glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, oxidative stress, coagulation profiles, sympathetic activation and pulmonary function, as well as improvement in specific clinical outcomes. Yoga may improve risk profiles in adults with DM 2, and may have promise for the prevention and management of cardiovascular complications in this population. However, the limitations characterizing most studies preclude drawing firm conclusions. Additional high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm and further elucidate the effects of standardized yoga programs in populations with DM 2.
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Vincent HK, Innes KE, Vincent KR. Oxidative stress and potential interventions to reduce oxidative stress in overweight and obesity. Diabetes Obes Metab 2007; 9:813-39. [PMID: 17924865 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2007.00692.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity may be a state of chronic oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may be the mechanism underlying the development of co-morbidities in obesity. This review provides a summary of the available evidence regarding systemic oxidative stress in young, older and clinical obese populations. METHODS Medline was searched for all available articles published between 1975 and 2006 that evaluated oxidative stress biomarkers in resting conditions or following various interventions in overweight and obese humans. RESULTS Obesity elevates oxidative stress in young, old and clinical populations as shown by elevations in lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, hydroperoxides, 4-hydroxynonenal, isoprostanes, conjugated dienes) or protein oxidation (8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine). Lipid peroxidation is associated with several indices of adiposity and a low systemic antioxidant defence (i.e. antioxidant enzymes, tissue dietary antioxidants, glutathione). Oxidative stress may be exacerbated with acute exercise, advancing age or co-existing clinical conditions and may be corrected by improving antioxidant defences through fat volume reduction via surgery, pharmacological agents, exercise and/or dietary modification. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress is related to chronic disease in obesity, but is reversible with one or more interventions described above.
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Influence of Admission Hematocrit on Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes After Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2007; 86:806-17. [PMID: 17885313 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0b013e318151fe19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine admission hematocrit (Hct) status on inpatient rehabilitation outcomes after total knee (TKA) and hip arthroplasty (THA). DESIGN This study was a retrospective, exploratory analysis. Patients (n = 400) were stratified by admission hematocrit levels: normal (Hct >or=36-41%, World Health Organization criteria for normal Hct in women and men), low (Hct between the operational 30% cutoff and 36-41%), and very low (Hct <30%). Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores and specific lower-body FIM motor scores, FIM efficiency, length of stay (LOS), and total hospital charges were analyzed. RESULTS Regardless of arthroplasty joint, all improved total FIM score, motor FIM score, and specific lower-body activity FIM scores (walking, wheelchair, dressing, transfers, stairs) by discharge (all P < 0.05). LOS was 28.9-31% longer in the TKA-very low Hct and THA-very low Hct groups than in the normal Hct groups (P = 0.026). Total hospital charges were 32.6-45.6% higher in the TKA-very low Hct and THA-very low Hct groups than in the normal Hct groups (P < 0.05). Hct was a significant contributor to the variance of linear regression models for LOS and total charges (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although very low Hct at admission does not impede functional gains, it is related to longer LOS and greater hospital charges. Rehabilitation teams should consider this when preparing plans of care, rehabilitation goals, and plans for discharge.
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MESH Headings
- Activities of Daily Living
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/rehabilitation
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/rehabilitation
- Comorbidity
- Female
- Hematocrit
- Humans
- Length of Stay
- Linear Models
- Male
- Osteoarthritis, Hip/blood
- Osteoarthritis, Hip/epidemiology
- Osteoarthritis, Hip/surgery
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/blood
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/epidemiology
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery
- Recovery of Function
- Retrospective Studies
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Vincent KR, Vincent HK. Poster 259: Influence of Obesity on Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes Following Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Review of 1947 Patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vincent KR, Vincent HK. Poster 261: Multicenter Examination of the Center for Medicare Services Eligibility Criteria in Total Joint Arthroplasty. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Innes KE, Vincent HK, Taylor AG. Chronic stress and insulin resistance-related indices of cardiovascular disease risk, part 2: a potential role for mind-body therapies. Altern Ther Health Med 2007; 13:44-51. [PMID: 17900042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability in the industrialized world, and its prevalence is rapidly increasing among developing nations. The increasing global prevalence of CVD reflects in part the concurrent rise in insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and other atherogenic changes associated with insulin resistance syndrome (IRS). Evidence suggests that chronic stress and related psychosocial factors also play an important role in the development and progression of IRS-related states and ultimately, in the pathogenesis of CVD. Designed to address these interrelated psychological and physiological components of health, yoga and other traditional mind-body therapies may offer particular promise in both the primary and secondary prevention of CVD. In this article, we review the evidence regarding the potential benefits of specific mind-body modalities for CVD risk reduction and discuss possible mechanisms underlying these observed effects.
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Poster 264: Early Effects of the Centers for Medicare Services Criteria on Patient Care Following Total Joint Arthroplasty. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Poster 40: Relationship of Admission Hematocrit Level to Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Multicenter Examination. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Poster 39: A Multicenter Examination of the Effect of Body Mass Index on Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes Following Total Knee Arthroplasty. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vincent HK, Gamon S, Vincent KR. Poster 29: Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes Are Influenced by Cognitive Status, Comorbidities, and Skin Quality in Cardiopulmonary Patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR. Poster 26: Clinical Outcomes of Cardiopulmonary Patients in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility and Skilled Nursing Facility. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vincent KR, Vincent HK. Poster 262: A Multicenter Analysis of Age and Sex Effects on Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes Following Total Joint Arthroplasty. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Innes KE, Vincent HK, Taylor AG. Chronic stress and insulin resistance-related indices of cardiovascular disease risk, part I: neurophysiological responses and pathological sequelae. Altern Ther Health Med 2007; 13:46-52. [PMID: 17658122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability in the industrialized world, and the prevalence is increasing rapidly among developing nations. The rising prevalence of CVD worldwide may be attributed in large part to specific atherogenic changes in insulin resistance, adiposity, lipid profiles, and other indices of insulin resistance syndrome (IRS), a cluster of metabolic and hemodynamic abnormalities that are strongly predictive of CVD. A growing body of research suggests that chronic psychosocial stress and related factors significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of IRS-related abnormalities, associated insulin-resistant states, and CVD, in part by promoting dysregulation of the sympathoadrenal system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In this article, we review the literature supporting the relationships between these factors, outline the neurophysiologic responses to chronic stress, and discuss the pathways by which chronic or recurrent psychosocial stress may lead to a destructive cascade of neuroendocrine, metabolic, inflammatory, and neuropsychological changes that fosters the development of IRS and, ultimately, CVD.
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Vincent HK, Bourguignon CM, Vincent KR, Taylor AG. Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplementation in Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Pilot Study. J Altern Complement Med 2007; 13:577-84. [PMID: 17604563 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2007.6177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether 3 months of lipoic acid (LA) supplementation improved walking tolerance and delayed claudication pain onset in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). DESIGN Randomized, double-blind, controlled study. SETTING General Clinical Research Center. SUBJECTS Twenty-eight (28) participants (15 men, 13 women) with PAD (ankle brachial index range 0.9-0.4, mean age 73.2 +/- 1.6 years). INTERVENTION LA (600 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months. OUTCOME MEASURES Walking tolerance was assessed by 6-minute walk test distance, 4-meter walk time, initial claudication pain time (ICT) and distance (ICD), and peak claudication pain. Serum was assessed for inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP]) and oxidative stress (lipid hydroperoxides) as potential mechanisms for changes in walking tolerance. RESULTS ICT increased 34.4% and 15%, ICD was reduced by 40.5% and 18%, and peak claudication pain ratings were reduced by 93% and 7% in LA and placebo groups, respectively. Although the improvements in peak pain and ICT achieved significance within the LA group (both p<0.05), the interactions of group by time were not found to be significant (p>0.05). Oxidative stress and CRP measures were not different between groups by month 3 (p>0.05). There were no serious side-effects associated with the LA. CONCLUSIONS LA may confer pain relief during exercise. However, longer and larger trials are warranted to determine long-term effects of LA alone or combined with other interventions on PAD symptoms.
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR, Lee LW, Alfano AP. Effect of obesity on inpatient rehabilitation outcomes following total knee arthroplasty. Clin Rehabil 2007; 21:182-90. [PMID: 17264112 DOI: 10.1177/0269215506069245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine obesity effects on outcomes following inpatient rehabilitation in patients following primary total knee arthroplasty or revision total knee arthroplasty. DESIGN Retrospective, comparative study. SETTING Fifty-bed, university-affiliated rehabilitation hospital. PATIENTS Obese (N = 139; body mass index >30 kg/m(2)) and non-obese (N = 146; body mass indexB <30 kg/m(2)) total knee arthroplasty patients. Participants were further stratified based on total knee arthroplasty type, primary and revision for a total of four groups. INTERVENTION Interdisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation. MAIN MEASURES Range of motion, length of stay, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores, FIM efficiency scores, total and daily hospital charges, and discharge disposition location. RESULTS Range of motion and FIM scores improved from admission to discharge in both obese and non-obese patients regardless of total knee arthroplasty type. FIM efficiency was lower in revision than primary total knee arthroplasty (2.8 versus 3.6 patients/day; P < 0.005) but not different between obese and non-obese groups. Total hospital charges were lower for the primary than for the revision patients (P < 0.05), but were directly related with body mass index (r = 0.140, P < 0.05). Discharge disposition locations were not different among groups. CONCLUSION Rehabilitation teams can expect comparable gains between obese and non-obese patients following total knee arthroplasty, but at a greater expense.
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Vincent HK, Weng JP, Vincent KR. Effect of obesity on inpatient rehabilitation outcomes after total hip arthroplasty. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2007; 15:522-30. [PMID: 17299126 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined whether obesity affected inpatient rehabilitation outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES This was a retrospective, comparative study conducted using a computerized medical database derived from THA patients at a university-affiliated rehabilitation hospital (data from 2002 to 2005). Patients were divided into four brackets based on BMI: non-obese (<25 kg/m(2)), overweight (25 to 29.9 kg/m(2)), moderate obesity (30 to 39.9 kg/m(2)), and severe obesity (> or = 40 kg/m(2)). All patients completed an interdisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation program after THA. Functional independence measure (FIM) scores, length of stay (LOS), FIM efficiency scores (FIM/LOS), hospital charges, and discharge disposition location were collected. RESULTS FIM scores improved from admission to discharge similarly in all groups (25 to 29.5 points). However, FIM efficiency, LOS, and total charges were curvilinearly related with BMI (all p < 0.05). Total hospital charges were highest in the severely obese group compared with the overweight group (p < 0.05). Non-homebound discharge disposition rates were lower in non-obese (13.1%) and severely obese groups (10.5%). DISCUSSION Elevated BMI does not prevent FIM gains in THA patients during inpatient rehabilitation. However, BMI is related with FIM efficiency, LOS, and hospital charges in a curvilinear fashion. Severely obese patients can achieve physical improvements but at a lower efficiency and greater cost.
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Vincent HK, Bourguignon CM, Vincent KR, Weltman AL, Bryant M, Taylor AG. Antioxidant supplementation lowers exercise-induced oxidative stress in young overweight adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14:2224-35. [PMID: 17189550 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2006.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether antioxidant (AOX) supplementation attenuates post-exercise oxidative stress and contributors to oxidative stress (inflammation, blood lipids) in overweight young adults. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES This was a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Overweight (BMI, 33.2 +/- 1.9 kg/m(2)) and comparative normal-weight (BMI, 21.9 +/- 0.5 kg/m(2)) adults 18 to 30 years old (total N = 48) were enrolled. Participants received either daily antioxidant (AOX) treatment (800 IU of vitamin E, 500 mg of vitamin C, 10 mg of beta-carotene) or placebo (PL) for 8 weeks for a total of four groups. All participants completed a standardized 30-minute cycle exercise bout at baseline and 8 weeks. Exercise-induced changes in lipid hydroperoxide (DeltaPEROX), C-reactive protein (DeltaCRP), interleukin-6 (DeltaIL-6), cholesterol subfractions, triglycerides, total AOX status (DeltaTAS), and adiponectin were assessed. RESULTS Exercise-induced DeltaPEROX was lower in the overweight-AOX group (0.09 nM/kg per min) compared with PL-treated overweight and normal-weight groups (0.98, 0.53 nM/kg per min) by 8 weeks (p < 0.05). Adiponectin was increased in both overweight and normal-weight AOX groups (22.1% vs. 3.1%; p < 0.05) but reduced in PL groups. DeltaIL-6, Deltatotal cholesterol, and Deltalow-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations during exercise were lower in the AOX-treated groups compared with PL groups (all p < 0.05). After controlling for BMI, the Deltatotal cholesterol, Deltalow-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, Deltaadiponectin, and DeltaTAS explained 59.1% of the variance of the regression model of the DeltaPEROX by 8 weeks (total model R(2) = 0.600; p = 0.015). DISCUSSION AOX lowers exercise-induced oxidative stress in overweight adults. Inflammatory and lipid markers may also be attenuated with AOX. Further studies are needed to determine whether AOX may be used in cardiovascular disease prevention in the overweight population.
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Vincent HK, Bourguignon CM, Vincent KR, Taylor AG. PR_089. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.08.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Vincent KR, Lee LW, Weng J, Alfano AP, Vincent HK. A Preliminary Examination of the CMS Eligibility Criteria in Total-Joint Arthroplasty. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2006; 85:872-81. [PMID: 17079959 DOI: 10.1097/01.phm.0000242647.81882.5c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze inpatient rehabilitation outcomes in total-knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total-hip arthroplasty (THA) patients using the 2004 Medicare 75% rule criteria. DESIGN This retrospective study compared outcomes in unilateral TKA (UTKA), bilateral TKA (BTKA), and THA after interdisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation (n = 867). Patients were separated into three comparison pairs: 1) UTKA or BTKA, 2) age <85 yrs or > or =85 yrs, and 3) body mass index (BMI) <50 or > or =50 kg/m. Length of stay (LOS), functional independence measure (FIM) scores (total, motor, and cognitive), hospital charges, FIM efficiency, and discharge disposition were analyzed. RESULTS BTKA improved total FIM score more than UTKA (43 vs. 38%; P = 0.039). TKA with BMI > or =50 kg/m had similar admission and discharge FIM motor scores compared with BMI <50 kg/m (P > 0.05). TKA patients > or =85 yrs had lower admission FIM scores, longer LOS (11.3 vs. 9.4 days), and 22% higher total charges than TKA patients younger than 85 yrs (P = 0.042). THA patients > or =85 yrs had 6-10% lower total FIM, FIM motor, and FIM cognition scores and were discharged to home less frequently than younger patients (P < 0.05). Total and daily charges were 21-162% higher in THA patients with BMIs > or =50 kg/m than in THA patients with BMIs <50 kg/m (P < 0.045). CONCLUSION All patients made functional gains during rehabilitation. However, the most costly and lengthy rehabilitation occurred in TKA patients > or =85 yrs and THA patients with BMI > or =50 kg/m.
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Vincent HK, Bourguignon C, Vincent KR. Resistance training lowers exercise-induced oxidative stress and homocysteine levels in overweight and obese older adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14:1921-30. [PMID: 17135607 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2006.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare exercise-induced oxidative stress and levels of homocysteine and cholesterol in normal-weight and overweight older adults after resistance exercise (RX). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES This interventional study was conducted at a wellness center. Forty-nine older adults (age range, 60 to 72 years) were stratified by BMI (<25 kg/m(2) normal weight, > or =25 kg/m(2) overweight/obese) and then randomly assigned to either a control non-exercise group or an RX group. The RX group completed a 6-month training program. Exercise-induced lipid hydroperoxides (PEROXs) and thiobarbituric-reactive acid substances, homocysteine, lipoprotein a, cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured before and after the 6-month RX program. RESULTS PEROXs and thiobarbituric-reactive acid substances were lower in both the overweight/obese and normal-weight RX-trained groups compared with control groups (p < 0.05). Homocysteine levels were lower in both overweight/obese and normal-weight RX groups compared with control groups (p < 0.05). Lipoprotein a, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not different in normal-weight and overweight/obese groups before or after RX. The change in muscle strength was correlated with homocysteine at 6 months (r = -0.452, p < 0.05), whereas the change in PEROXs was correlated with the change in body fat (r = -0.329). DISCUSSION To our knowledge, these data are the first to show that RX reduces exercise-induced oxidative stress and homocysteine regardless of adiposity, indicating that this protection can be afforded in an older, overweight/obese population as effectively as in healthy older adults. These data suggest that RX may afford some protection against emerging cardiovascular risk factors using a mode of exercise that supports body weight.
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR, Weng J. PR_052. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Vincent KR, Vincent HK, Lee LW, Weng J, Alfano AP. Outcomes After Inpatient Rehabilitation of Primary and Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006; 87:1026-32. [PMID: 16876546 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2006] [Accepted: 04/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the outcomes of patients who have gone to inpatient rehabilitation after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) and revision THA. DESIGN Retrospective, comparative study. SETTING Fifty-bed freestanding, university-affiliated rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred fifty-five male and female primary THA patients and 147 male and female revision THA patients. INTERVENTION Interdisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Length of stay (LOS), FIM instrument score and FIM motor score components, hospital charges, and discharge disposition location. RESULTS FIM scores improved from admission to discharge by 29.7 and 27.9 points for the primary THA and revision THA groups, respectively (P<.05). LOS was shorter for primary THA patients compared with revision THA patients (10.0d vs 11.5d, P<.05). FIM efficiency (DeltaFIM/LOS) was greater for primary THA compared with revision THA (3.4 and 2.7 points/day, P<.05). Total rehabilitation hospital charges were 11,421 US dollars and 13,707 US dollars for the primary and revision THA groups, respectively, with the mechanical and infection revision THAs incurring the greatest charges (14,596 US dollars and 15,386 US dollars, respectively; P<.001). Compared with primary THA, revision THA patients were twice as likely to be discharged to locations other than home. CONCLUSIONS FIM score improvement was lower and LOS and hospital charges were greater in revision THA than in primary THA after rehabilitation. Infection revision THA patients gained less functional independence and were discharged home less often than mechanical or pain revision THA patients; finally, infection and mechanical revision THA accrued the highest hospital charges.
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Vincent HK, Vincent KR, Bourguignon C, Braith RW. Obesity and postexercise oxidative stress in older women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006; 37:213-9. [PMID: 15692315 DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000152705.77073.b3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study compared lipid peroxidation values in nonobese and obese postmenopausal women before and after acute maximal aerobic exercise (AX). METHODS Blood samples were collected in nonobese (22.1 +/- 0.9% body fat) and obese (40.8 +/- 0.9% body fat) women (61-75 yr, N = 34) before and immediately after a maximal graded treadmill test. Lipid hydroperoxides (PEROX), cholesterol, and thiol profiles were measured. Oxygen consumption (V(O2), respiratory exchange ratios (RER), and minute ventilation (VE) values were determined before and during exercise. RESULTS PEROX levels were not different between the nonobese and obese groups at baseline (2.4 vs 2.8 nmol.mL(-1), respectively) or post-AX (2.8 vs 3.2 nmol.mL(-1), respectively) (P > 0.05). When expressed as DeltaPEROX (nmol.mL(-1))/DeltaVO(2) (mL.kg(-1).min(-1)), to account for different exercise durations, the obese group had a greater lipid peroxidation response compared with the nonobese group (0.13 vs 0.02 (nmol.mL(-1)).mL(-1).kg(-1).min(-1), respectively; P < 0.05). Regression analysis revealed that when baseline PEROX and body fat values were controlled, age, exercise intensity, and duration were significant contributors to the DeltaPEROX/DeltaV(O2) after AX (R(2) = 0.536 P < 0.05). CONCLUSION For a given oxidative challenge (exercise-associated oxygen utilization), older, obese women were at a greater risk for oxidative stress compared with nonobese counterparts.
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