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Elshorbany YF, Kleffmann J, Hofzumahaus A, Kurtenbach R, Wiesen P, Brauers T, Bohn B, Dorn HP, Fuchs H, Holland F, Rohrer F, Tillmann R, Wegener R, Wahner A, Kanaya Y, Yoshino A, Nishida S, Kajii Y, Martinez M, Kubistin D, Harder H, Lelieveld J, Elste T, Plass-Dülmer C, Stange G, Berresheim H, Schurath U. HOxbudgets during HOxComp: A case study of HOxchemistry under NOx-limited conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd017008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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77
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Aguilar-Pimentel J, Adler T, Gailus-Durner V, Fuchs H, Gutermuth J, Schmidt-Weber C, Hrab de Angelis M, Busch D, Ollert M. The German Mouse Clinic (gmc): A Systemic Phenotyping Platform To Uncover New Models For Allergic Diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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78
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Zhong D, Franke JH, Podiyanachari SK, Blomker T, Zhang H, Kehr G, Erker G, Fuchs H, Chi L. Linear Alkane Polymerization on a Gold Surface. Science 2011; 334:213-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1211836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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79
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Weng A, Thakur M, Schindler A, Fuchs H, Melzig MF. Liquid-chromatographic profiling of Saponinum album (Merck). DIE PHARMAZIE 2011; 66:744-746. [PMID: 22026154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Saponinum album (Merck) is a complex composite of triterpene saponins. It was shown that Saponinum album (Merck) dramatically enhances the toxicity of the N-glycosylase saporin from the seeds of Saponaria officinalis L. as well as the toxicity of a saporin based anti-tumor toxin. This study was intended to chromatographically profile the saponins present in Saponinum album (Merck) in order to identify saponins that determine the cytotoxicity enhancing properties of Saponinum album (Merck) on saporin. For this purpose a liquid-chromatographic profiling (HPLC) followed by ESI-TOF-MS analysis and evaluation of cytotoxicity enhancer effects of saponins from Saponinum album (Merck) was performed. This is the first study describing a liquid-chromatographic profiling of saponins from Saponinum album (Merck). Ten different saponins were isolated. There was a lot of variation observed in the cytotoxicity enhancing properties of different isolated saponins, 8 out of 10 isolated saponins showed an enhancer effect on the toxicity of saporin. Based on these results it was concluded that the cytotoxicity enhancer effect of Saponinum album (Merck) is not attributable to a single, activity determining saponin.
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Fuchs H, Lindner W, Leiprecht A, Mendler MR, Hummler HD. Predictors of early nasal CPAP failure and effects of various intubation criteria on the rate of mechanical ventilation in preterm infants of <29 weeks gestational age. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2011; 96:F343-7. [PMID: 21278432 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2010.205898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Delivery room management using early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) may delay surfactant therapy. OBJECTIVE To identify factors associated with early nCPAP failure and effects of various intubation criteria on rate and time of intubation. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of the first 48 h in infants of 23-28 weeks gestational age (GA) treated with sustained inflations followed by early nCPAP. RESULTS Of 225 infants (GA 26.2±1.6 weeks) 140 (62%) could be stabilised with nCPAP in the delivery room, of whom 68 (49%; GA 26.9±1.5 weeks) succeeded on nCPAP with favourable outcome and 72 infants (51%; GA 26.3±1.4 weeks) failed nCPAP within 48 h at a median (IQR) age of 5.6 (3.3-19.3) h. History or initial blood gases were poor predictors of subsequent nCPAP failure. Intubation at fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO(2))≥0.35 versus 0.4 versus 0.45 instead of ≥0.6 would have resulted in unnecessary intubations of 16% versus 9% versus 6% of infants with nCPAP success but decreased the age at intubation of infants with nCPAP failure to 3.1 (2.2-5.2) versus 3.8 (2.5-8.7) versus 4.4 (2.7-10.9) h. CONCLUSIONS Medical history or initial blood gas values are poor predictors of subsequent nCPAP failure. A threshold FiO(2) of ≥0.35-0.45 compared to ≥0.6 for intubation would shorten the time to surfactant delivery without a relevant increase in intubation rate. An individualised approach with a trial of early nCPAP and prompt intubation and surfactant treatment at low thresholds may be the best approach in very low birthweight infants.
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81
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Alter ML, Chaykovska L, Websky KV, Heiden S, Relle K, Rahnenführer J, Fuchs H, Runge F, Klein T, Hocher B. Chronische Niereninsuffizienz hat im Rattenmodell keinen Einfluss auf die Pharmakokinetik von Linagliptin, erhöht aber die Exposition mit Sitagliptin und Alogliptin. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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82
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Hierholzer J, Nöldge G, Westphalen K, Fuchs H. Vertebroplastie mit praktischen Übungen/Kyphoplastie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1278959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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83
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Wagner S, Calzada-Wack J, Rosemann M, Becker L, Tost M, Silva-Buttkus P, Klein-Rodewald T, Fuchs H, Neff F, Hrabé de Angelis M, Esposito I. [Characterization of ENU-mutant mice. Animal models for human diseases using morphological and molecular methods]. DER PATHOLOGE 2011; 31 Suppl 2:147-52. [PMID: 20835709 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-010-1347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Following sequencing of the human genome there are new challenges to decipher the knowledge concerning gene function and the role of gene interactions and pathways leading to disease. Mouse models have proven to be an ideal tool for this purpose. Point mutations induced by chemical mutagenesis by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) offer possibilities for the analysis of the phenotypic outcome of a single base pair exchange on the entire organism. The Munich ENU mouse mutagenesis project is part of the worldwide efforts to obtain mutations for each gene. The generation of new alleles or allelic series offers relevant insights into the relevance of single gene sections. Various mouse models for human diseases have been generated by a systematic large-scale genome-wide phenotyping screen in the last decade. This work illustrates how the implementation of the ENU mouse mutagenesis project with gene identification and parallel high-throughput screening is taking advantage of local cooperation with experienced phenotyping groups at the Helmholtz Zentrum München, leading to major advances in the functional analysis of the mammalian genome.
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84
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Fuchs H, Schlee P, Rottmann O, Stein H. Differentiation of bleak (Alburnus alburnus, L.) and chub (Leuciscus cephalus, L.) populations from Rivers Main, Isar and Danube using molecular genetic markers. J Anim Breed Genet 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.1998.tb00369.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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85
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Beringer O, Kittel J, Pauli S, Hönig M, Fuchs H, Amann K, Hummler H, Schulz A. Hyperkalzämische Krise Komplikation bei Osteopetrose nach Stammzelltransplantation. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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86
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Fuchs H, Gleiter H. The Significance of the Impact Velocity of Vacuum-Deposited Atoms for the Structure of thin Films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-47-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe goal in this study was to investigate the effect of the impact velocity of the atoms on the structure of thin films generated by vacuum deposition. For that purpose all atoms faster or slower than a pre-selected velocity, u, were removed with a velocity filter frm a beam of gold atoms obtained by thermal evaporation in vacuum (10−5 Pa). The residual atoms (with a velocity u)were deposited onto cold (80 K) glass substrates. The annealing behaviour of the films studied by means of d.c. resistance measurements indicates a correlation between film structure and impact velocity in the sense that films generated by means of low velocity atoms have a non-equilibrium structure which does not exist in films prepared by conventional vacuum deposition.
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87
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Schellmann N, Deckert P, Bachran D, Fuchs H, Bachran C. Targeted Enzyme Prodrug Therapies. Mini Rev Med Chem 2010; 10:887-904. [DOI: 10.2174/138955710792007196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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88
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Langewisch G, Fuchs H, Schirmeisen A. Temperature dependence of energy dissipation on NaCl(001) in non-contact atomic force microscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:345703. [PMID: 20683136 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/34/345703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The dissipative tip-sample interactions are measured by dynamic force spectroscopy for silicon tips on NaCl(001) in ultrahigh vacuum in the attractive and repulsive force regimes. Force and dissipation versus distance curves were obtained for different sample temperatures ranging from 35 to 285 K. Detailed comparison in different distance regimes shows that neither the force nor energy dissipation exhibits a systematic variation with sample temperature.
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89
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Schellmann N, Deckert P, Bachran D, Fuchs H, Bachran C. Targeted Enzyme Prodrug Therapies. Mini Rev Med Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.2174/1389210205608765575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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90
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Hummler H, Rauh N, Fuchs H, Lindner W, Beringer O, Reister F. Verlauf der Hospitalisationen von Schwangeren mit drohender Frühgeburt im Perinatalzentrum des Universitätsklinikums Ulm. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1261571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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91
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Fuchs H, Kallert J, Schulz A, Hönig M, Lindner W, Hummler H. Nichtinvasive Beatmung zur Behandlung der akuten respiratorischen Insuffizienz bei Kindern nach Stammzelltransplantation bzw. hämato-/onkologischer Erkrankung. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1261297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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92
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Aherrahrou Z, Adler T, Gailus-Durner V, Fuchs H, Busch D, Wagner A, de Angelis MH, Schunkert H, Erdmann J. MS490 LARGE-SCALE PHENOTYPING OF EMP3-KNOCKOUT MICE AT THE GERMAN MOUSE CLINIC REVEALS A SPECIFIC ROLE OF THE GENE IN IMMUNITY. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70991-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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93
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Schäfer K, Fuchs H, Hummler H. Evaluation eines transkutanen Bilirubinometers bei Neugeborenen mit ≥35 Schwangerschaftswochen. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1261353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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94
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Augustin MD, Fuchs H, Defranceschi B, Carbon CC, Hutzler F. Style follows content revisited: Evidence from an ERP study. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/9.8.1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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95
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Hierholzer J, Nöldge G, Libicher M, Westphalen K, Fuchs H. Vertebroplastie mit praktischen Übungen/Kyphoplastie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1252401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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96
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Hetzel C, Bachran C, Tur MK, Fuchs H, Stöcker M. Improved immunotoxins with novel functional elements. Curr Pharm Des 2009; 15:2700-11. [PMID: 19689340 DOI: 10.2174/138161209788923930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunotoxins (ITs) are protein-based drugs combining a target-specific binding domain (usually derived from an antibody) and a cytotoxic domain to kill target cells. They are among the most promising new therapeutic tools to fight cancer, and several clinical trials have been completed with encouraging results. Although the targeted elimination of malignant cells is an elegant concept, there are numerous practical challenges that limit the clinical use of ITs, including inefficient cellular uptake, low cytotoxicity and off-target effects. Here we present some of the strategies that have been developed to improve the efficacy of ITs, particularly those involving the incorporation of functional peptide sequences into recombinant ITs to improve target binding, modify plasma half life and distribution, boost tumor penetration, enhance cellular uptake and increase cytotoxic efficiency.
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97
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Bachran C, Weng A, Bachran D, Riese SB, Schellmann N, Melzig MF, Fuchs H. The distribution of saponins in vivo affects their synergy with chimeric toxins against tumours expressing human epidermal growth factor receptors in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 159:345-52. [PMID: 20015087 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00543.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Certain saponins synergize with antitumour drugs to enhance their efficacy, but the mechanisms underlying this synergy in vivo are not well studied. Here, we describe the distribution of Saponinum album (Spn) from Gypsophila paniculata L. in mice after subcutaneous injection. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The [(3)H]-labelled Spn used for in vivo experiments was biologically active, as it still increased the cytotoxicity of a chimeric toxin in vitro. Distribution of [(3)H]-Spn was measured in BALB/c mice, with or without subcutaneous tumours in the flank. Labelled Spn was subcutaneously injected in the neck, and samples of organs, blood, urine and tumour tissue were analysed for radioactivity, 5-240 min after the injection. KEY RESULTS The majority of [(3)H]-Spn distributed within 10 min throughout the entire animal, with high levels of radioactivity in the urine by 30 min. No preferential accumulation in tumour tissue or other organs was observed. In tumour-bearing mice, using a sequential combination of Spn (given first) and a chimeric toxin against the epidermal growth factor receptor, ErbB1, we tested two different pretreatment times for Spn. There was high antitumour efficacy (66% inhibition of tumour growth) after 60 min pre treatment with Spn, but no significant inhibition after 10 min pre treatment with Spn. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS [(3)H]-Spn was rapidly cleared from the mice after s.c. injection, and antitumour synergy with chimeric toxins was correlated with the removal of excess Spn from tissues. Disposition of Spn in vivo may critically determine antitumour synergy with chimeric toxins.
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98
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Grzmil P, Konietzko J, Boehm D, Hölter SM, Hoelter SM, Aguilar-Pimentel A, Aguilar A, Javaheri A, Kalaydjiev S, Adler T, Bolle I, Adham I, Dixkens C, Wolf S, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Gailus-Durne V, Wurst W, Ollert M, Busch DH, Busch D, Schulz H, de Angelis MH, Burfeind P. Targeted disruption of the mouse Npal3 gene leads to deficits in behavior, increased IgE levels, and impaired lung function. Cytogenet Genome Res 2009; 125:186-200. [PMID: 19738379 DOI: 10.1159/000230003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome (NIPA) proteins are highly conserved receptors or transporters. Translocation of NIPA genes were found in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome, and loss-of-function of the NIPA1 gene was identified in hereditary spastic paraplegia. The family of NIPA-like domain containing (NPAL) proteins is closely related to the NIPA proteins, but to date nothing is known about their function. Here, we could demonstrate that both human NPAL3 and mouse NPAL3 are ubiquitously expressed and encode highly conserved proteins. To further elucidate the function of the Npal3 gene, knockout (Npal3(-/-)) mice were generated. Intensive phenotypic analyses revealed that disruption of the Npal3 gene results in a pleiotropic phenotype. The function of the nervous system was impaired in both mutant males and females which could be demonstrated in behavioral tests. In addition, in NPAL3 mutants the number of NK cells was decreased and changes in IgM, IgG(2), and IgA were observed, indicating that the immune system is also affected. Interestingly, increased IgE levels as well as impaired lung functions were observed in mutant males but not in mutant females. It should be noted that the human Npal3 gene is located at 1p36.12-->p35.1, and atopic diseases were previously linked to this genomic region. Thus, the Npal3(-/-) mice could serve as a valuable model system for studying atopic diseases.
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99
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Weng A, Bachran C, Fuchs H, Krause E, Stephanowitz H, Melzig MF. Enhancement of saporin cytotoxicity by Gypsophila saponins--more than stimulation of endocytosis. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 181:424-9. [PMID: 19615984 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Saporin is a type I ribosome-inactivating protein with N-glycosidase activity. It removes adenine residues from the 28S ribosomal RNA resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis. Recently we have shown that saporin exerts no cytotoxicity on seven human cell lines. However, the combination of saporin with a special mixture of Gypsophila saponins (Soapwort saponins) from Gypsophila paniculata L. (baby's breath) rendered saporin to a potent cytotoxin comparable to viscumin, a highly toxic type II ribosome-inactivating protein. In this study we investigated whether the enhancement of the saporin-cytotoxicity by Gypsophila saponins is mediated by a saponin-triggered modulation of endocytosis, exocytosis or impaired degradation processes of his-tagged saporin ((his)saporin) in ECV-304 cells. For this purpose (his)saporin was labelled with tritium and cytotoxicity of the toxin alone and in combination with Gypsophila saponins was scrutinized. The transport and degradation processes of (his)saporin were not different in Gypsophila saponin-treated and control cells. However, after ultracentrifugation of a post-nuclear supernatant the amount of cytosolic (his)saporin was significantly higher in saponin-treated cells than in cells, which were only incubated with (his)saporin. This indicates a saponin mediated endosomal escape of saporin.
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100
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Braun DA, Weiner D, Such B, Fuchs H, Schirmeisen A. Submolecular features of epitaxially grown PTCDA on Cu(111) analyzed by force field spectroscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:264004. [PMID: 19509447 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/26/264004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Submolecular features of epitaxially grown 3,4,9,10-perylenetetra-carboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA) on Cu(111) are resolved in non-contact atomic force microscopy topography scans in ultrahigh vacuum. While molecules in the first layer above the Cu substrate are depicted as featureless ovals, the second layer molecules show an intramolecular structure with a height corrugation of up to 40 pm. Force field spectroscopy experiments with submolecular resolution show that the tip-molecule forces differ significantly on the first and second layer molecules. Possible contributions to these force differences from mechanical deformations of the molecules as well as the internal charge density distribution are discussed.
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