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Locher L, Häussler S, Laubenthal L, Singh S, Winkler J, Kinoshita A, Kenéz Á, Rehage J, Huber K, Sauerwein H, Dänicke S. Effect of increasing body condition on key regulators of fat metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue depot and circulation of nonlactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:1057-68. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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77
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Winkler J, Kersten S, Valenta H, Hüther L, Meyer U, Engelhardt U, Dänicke S. Simultaneous determination of zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and their metabolites in bovine urine as biomarkers of exposure. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2014.1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A feeding trial with 30 dairy cows which were fed rations with three different concentrations of zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) contaminated maize was carried out to examine the ZEA and DON concentration in urine. German Holstein cows (n=30) were divided into three groups (n=10 in each) which received diets with following toxin concentrations: CON (0.02 mg ZEA and 0.07 mg DON, per kg dry matter (DM)), FUS-50 (0.33 mg ZEA and 2.62 mg DON, per kg DM), FUS-100 (0.66 mg ZEA and 5.24 mg DON, per kg DM). For urine analysis, a reliable, cost-efficient and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of ZEA, DON and their metabolites was developed. The method comprises a solid phase extraction clean-up on Oasis HLB cartridges followed by LC-MS/MS measurement. ZEA, α-zearalenol, β-zearalenol, DON and de-epoxydeoxynivalenol (DOM) could be detected in the urine samples of the feeding trial. Thereby, DON was almost completely metabolised to DOM (83-98%) independent of the DON exposure. Moreover, conjugated toxins were the major urinary metabolites based on results of the analysis with β-glucuronidase treated and untreated samples. Furthermore, relationships between toxin intake and urinary toxin concentration could be established. In conclusion, increased urine toxin concentrations may hint on toxin exposure through the diets and thus the mycotoxins ZEA and DON and their detected metabolites could be used as biomarkers of exposure.
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78
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Winkler J, Kersten S, Meyer U, Stinshoff H, Locher L, Rehage J, Wrenzycki C, Engelhardt UH, Dänicke S. Diagnostic opportunities for evaluation of the exposure of dairy cows to the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN): reliability of blood plasma, bile and follicular fluid as indicators. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2014; 99:847-55. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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79
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Shokrzadeh N, Winkler AM, Dirin M, Winkler J. Oligonucleotides conjugated with short chemically defined polyethylene glycol chains are efficient antisense agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5758-5761. [PMID: 25453815 PMCID: PMC4263527 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ligand conjugation is an attractive approach to rationally modify the poor pharmacokinetic behavior and cellular uptake properties of antisense oligonucleotides. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) attachment is a method to increase solubility of oligonucleotides and prevent the rapid elimination, thus increasing tissue distribution. On the other hand, the attachment of long PEG chains negatively influences the pharmacodynamic effect by reducing the hybridization efficiency. We examined the use of short PEG ligands on the in vitro effect of antisense agents. Circular dichroism showed that the tethering of PEG12-chains to phosphodiester and phosphorothioate oligonucleotides had no influence on their secondary structure and did not reduce the affinity to the counter strand. In an in vitro tumor model, a luciferase reporter assay indicated unchanged gene silencing activity compared to unmodified compounds, and even slightly superior target down regulation was found after treatment with a phosphorothioate modified conjugate.
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80
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Kovacs G, Pienn M, Grünig E, Mereles D, Claussen M, Dandel M, Dumitrescu D, Kruck I, Bruch L, Blindt R, Holt S, Sinn L, Sorichter S, Winkler J, Olschewski H. [Modern imaging methods in the management of pulmonary hypertension]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2014; 139 Suppl 4:S121-5. [PMID: 25489681 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1387484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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81
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Golomb I, Winkler J, Ben-Yakov A, Benitez CC, Keidar A. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as a weight reduction strategy in obese patients after kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:2384-90. [PMID: 25139661 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Morbid obesity is associated with increased graft loss and shortened graft survival in kidney transplant patients. Treating obesity in transplant patients may improve graft outcomes. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), an effective bariatric operation, is relatively unlikely to interfere with absorption of anti-rejection medications. Data on relevant renal function parameters were collected from all LSGs performed on renal transplant patients at our center (n = 10). The procedure was successful in eight patients, with no mortality, graft rejection or dysfunction. The median age and follow-up were 57 years and 14 months, respectively. Seven patients had over 1 year of follow-up. The median preoperative weight and BMI were 119 kg (96-152) and 42 kg/m(2) (37-49), respectively. The median hospital stay was 4 days. The median postoperative weight and BMI at 6 months and 1 year were 86 kg and 31 kg/m(2) and 83 kg and 29 kg/m(2) , respectively. Urinary protein excretion and serum creatinine decreased significantly in all patients (p < 0.05). One patient developed two complications, acute renal failure and sleeve stricture, both of which resolved with treatment. LSG provided effective weight loss in renal transplant patients without adverse effects on graft function and immunosuppression.
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82
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Winkler J, Hofmann K, Chen S. Novel targets for ATM-deficient malignancies. Mol Cell Oncol 2014; 1:e29905. [PMID: 27308314 PMCID: PMC4905167 DOI: 10.4161/mco.29905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemo- and radiotherapies for the treatment of cancer target rapidly dividing cells in both tumor and non-tumor tissues and can exhibit severe cytotoxicity in normal tissue and impair the patient's immune system. Novel targeted strategies aim for higher efficacy and tumor specificity. The role of ATM protein in the DNA damage response is well known and ATM deficiency frequently plays a role in tumorigenesis and development of malignancy. In addition to contributing to disease development, ATM deficiency also renders malignant cells heavily dependent on other pathways that cooperate with the ATM-mediated DNA damage response to ensure tumor cell survival. Disturbing those cooperative pathways by inhibiting critical protein components allows specific targeting of tumors while sparing healthy cells with normal ATM status. We review druggable candidate targets for the treatment of ATM-deficient malignancies and the mechanisms underlying such targeted therapies.
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83
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Holzer K, Ori A, Winkler J, Cooke A, Eiteneuer E, Beck M, Schirmacher P, Singer S. 537: Nup155 is linked to the p53 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50479-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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84
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Winkler J, Steiniger L, Vogtmann M, Hoheisel G. Prof. Dr. med. Joachim Schauer zum 75. Geburtstag. Pneumologie 2014; 68:431. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1365685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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85
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Tajiri A, Winkler J. Magnetic Circular Dichroism and Molecular Orbital Studies on Condensed Thiadiazoles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/zna-1983-1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra of some thiadiazoles have revealed the characteristic π → π* transitions in cata-condensed thiadiazoles. Within the framework of the PPP method quantum mechanical calculations have been carried out in order to give a reasonable explanation for the MCD spectra, resulting in a fairly good agreement between the experimental and theoretical Faraday parameters
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86
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Winner B, Marchetto MC, Winkler J, Gage FH. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells pave the road for a better understanding of motor neuron disease. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:R27-34. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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87
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Gaziova Z, Baumann V, Winkler AM, Winkler J. Chemically defined polyethylene glycol siRNA conjugates with enhanced gene silencing effect. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2320-6. [PMID: 24613624 PMCID: PMC3994277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic application of siRNA suffers from poor bioavailability caused by rapid degradation and elimination. The covalent attachment of PEG is a universal concept to increase molecular size and enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of biomacromolecules. We devised a facile approach for attachment of PEG molecules with a defined molecular weight, and successful purification of the resulting conjugates. We directly conjugated structurally defined PEG chains with twelve ethylene glycol units to the 3'-terminal hydroxyl group of both sense and antisense strands via an aminoalkyl linker. The conjugates were easily purified by HPLC and successful PEGylation and molecule integrity were confirmed by ESI-MS. The evaluation of in vitro gene knockdown of two different targets in MCF-7 breast cancer cells showed stable pharmacologic activity when combined with a standard transfection reagent. Sense strand PEGylation even increased the silencing potency of a CRCX4-siRNA which had modest activity in its wild-type form. The results indicate that PEG chains at the 3'-terminus of both strands of siRNA are well tolerated by the RNAi effector. The attachment of short, chemically defined PEG chains is a feasible approach to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of siRNA, and can be combined with other targeted and untargeted delivery vehicles.
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88
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Rammelt S, Winkler J, Zwipp H. Osteosynthese zentraler Talusfrakturen. OPERATIVE ORTHOPADIE UND TRAUMATOLOGIE 2013; 25:525-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00064-013-0245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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89
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Shoup JP, Winkler J, Czap A, Staff I, Fortunato G, McCullough LD, Sansing LH. β-Blockers associated with no class-specific survival benefit in acute intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurol Sci 2013; 336:127-31. [PMID: 24183854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the high mortality, there is currently no specific treatment for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Research investigating optimum degree of blood pressure control in patients presenting with ICH and hypertension is ongoing. However, there is limited understanding of the potential benefits of specific classes of antihypertensive therapy. β-Adrenergic antagonists may provide neuroprotection from inflammation-induced injury by inhibiting sympathetic nervous system mediated immune activation. We examined mortality in ICH patients receiving β-adrenergic antagonists to determine whether this class of antihypertensive therapy was associated with improved survival. METHODS A retrospective analysis of a large, prospectively collected database of patients presenting with acute ICH was performed. Patients were grouped by inpatient β-blocker treatment to determine an effect on mortality during the inpatient stay and at 3 months of follow-up. Additional analysis was conducted comparing β-blocker therapy to any other antihypertensive treatment to determine a class-specific association of β-blocker treatment with mortality. RESULTS The study population included 426 patients with acute, spontaneous ICH. Inpatient β-blocker use was independently associated with decreased rates of inpatient death and mortality at 3 months of follow-up. However, univariate and multivariable analyses comparing β-blocker use to other antihypertensives failed to show any class-specific reduction in mortality at either time point. DISCUSSION Our study demonstrates that the improvement seen in patients treated with β-adrenergic antagonists is not an effect unique to this class. This supports ongoing trials to determine optimum levels of blood pressure control using multiple classes of antihypertensives.
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90
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91
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Csoti I, Fogel W, Schade S, Schnitzler A, Südmeyer M, Winkler C, Winkler J. Schmerz bei Parkinson-Patienten. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1343339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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92
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Dumitrescu D, Kovacs G, Nagel C, Halank M, Winkler J, Gruenig E, Olschewski H, Ewert R, Rosenkranz S. The role of gas exchange measurements during exercise in the detection of early pulmonary arterial hypertension in scleroderma patients - a multi-center analysis. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht307.p294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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93
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Riabinska A, Daheim M, Herter-Sprie GS, Winkler J, Fritz C, Hallek M, Thomas RK, Kreuzer KA, Frenzel LP, Monfared P, Martins-Boucas J, Chen S, Reinhardt HC. Therapeutic Targeting of a Robust Non-Oncogene Addiction to PRKDC in ATM-Defective Tumors. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5:189ra78. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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94
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Dirin M, Winkler J. Influence of diverse chemical modifications on the ADME characteristics and toxicology of antisense oligonucleotides. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013; 13:875-88. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2013.774366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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95
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Crawford S, Malvy CP, Vauthier C, Bertrand JR, Ramon AL, Winkler J, Burgess L, Laird E, Weaver D, Chantry D, Hernandez JC, Guerrero CA, Acosta O, Granja S, Lee CT, Park MY, Eo EY, Lee JH. Poster session 1. Target identification & validation. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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96
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Winkler J, Burgess L, Laird E, Weaver D, Chantry D. Phenotypic Screening for Kinase Targets Using Small Molecule Inhibitors with Proven Cell Penetration. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt043.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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97
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Klaric M, Winkler J, Vojnits K, Meganathan K, Jagtap S, Ensenat-Waser R, Hescheler J, Sachinidis A, Bremer-Hoffmann S. Current status of human pluripotent stem cell based in vitro toxicity tests. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2013; 5:118-133. [PMID: 23277040 DOI: 10.2741/s361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present review assesses the current status of in vitro tests based on human pluripotent stem cell-derived toxicologically relevant target cells. The majority of the evaluated test systems are in the phase of test development. In particular the success rates of differentiation protocols and their reproducibility are varying depending on different culture conditions but also on the assessed marker panel and the functional evaluation of the cells. However, the amount of differentiated cells decreases in relation to their maturation status. No harmonization has been achieved yet about the required maturation status of the cellular models to be used for toxicological applications. Even with an established cellular model, the selection of appropriate readouts is challenging. Some areas of toxicity, such as developmental toxicity, suffer from insufficient knowledge on predictive biomarkers which leads to difficulties in the selection of the most appropriate endpoints. In this heterogeneous context the rapidly increasing knowledge about 'omics' technologies, might lead to an improvement of the current situation and allow the establishment of more predictive human in vitro toxicity tests.
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Krug AK, Kolde R, Gaspar JA, Rempel E, Balmer NV, Meganathan K, Vojnits K, Baquié M, Waldmann T, Ensenat-Waser R, Jagtap S, Evans RM, Julien S, Peterson H, Zagoura D, Kadereit S, Gerhard D, Sotiriadou I, Heke M, Natarajan K, Henry M, Winkler J, Marchan R, Stoppini L, Bosgra S, Westerhout J, Verwei M, Vilo J, Kortenkamp A, Hescheler J, Hothorn L, Bremer S, van Thriel C, Krause KH, Hengstler JG, Rahnenführer J, Leist M, Sachinidis A. Human embryonic stem cell-derived test systems for developmental neurotoxicity: a transcriptomics approach. Arch Toxicol 2012. [PMID: 23179753 PMCID: PMC3535399 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-012-0967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) and many forms of reproductive toxicity (RT) often manifest themselves in functional deficits that are not necessarily based on cell death, but rather on minor changes relating to cell differentiation or communication. The fields of DNT/RT would greatly benefit from in vitro tests that allow the identification of toxicant-induced changes of the cellular proteostasis, or of its underlying transcriptome network. Therefore, the ‘human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived novel alternative test systems (ESNATS)’ European commission research project established RT tests based on defined differentiation protocols of hESC and their progeny. Valproic acid (VPA) and methylmercury (MeHg) were used as positive control compounds to address the following fundamental questions: (1) Does transcriptome analysis allow discrimination of the two compounds? (2) How does analysis of enriched transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) and of individual probe sets (PS) distinguish between test systems? (3) Can batch effects be controlled? (4) How many DNA microarrays are needed? (5) Is the highest non-cytotoxic concentration optimal and relevant for the study of transcriptome changes? VPA triggered vast transcriptional changes, whereas MeHg altered fewer transcripts. To attenuate batch effects, analysis has been focused on the 500 PS with highest variability. The test systems differed significantly in their responses (<20 % overlap). Moreover, within one test system, little overlap between the PS changed by the two compounds has been observed. However, using TFBS enrichment, a relatively large ‘common response’ to VPA and MeHg could be distinguished from ‘compound-specific’ responses. In conclusion, the ESNATS assay battery allows classification of human DNT/RT toxicants on the basis of their transcriptome profiles.
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99
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Link B, Rosenkranz J, Winkler J, Babst R. Minimal-invasive Plattenosteosynthese des distalen Femurs. OPERATIVE ORTHOPADIE UND TRAUMATOLOGIE 2012; 24:324-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00064-012-0175-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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100
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May V, Nuber S, Marxreiter F, Riess O, Winner B, Winkler J. Impaired olfactory bulb neurogenesis depends on the presence of human wild-type alpha-synuclein. Neuroscience 2012; 222:343-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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