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Giordano S, Duan Z, Zhao H, Hwang J, Chavez MacGregor M. Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening prior to chemotherapy initiation among patients with solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy300.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hwang J, Yoo J, Shen J, Kim S, Chun S. MA14.01 Life Sustaining Procedures, Palliative Care and Hospital Cost Trends in Dying Lung Cancer Patients in U.S. Hospitals: 2005-2014. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hwang J, Park K, Yoon S, Hwang S. P05.17 Dorsal solid cervicomedullary hemangioblastomas: surgical results in seven patients. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy139.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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79
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Yu E, Choe S, Kim J, Hwang J, Hur Y, Kim R, Lee Y, Kim M, Kim Y, Kim J, Kim Y, Kang I, Koong M, Yoon T. Higher risk of delayed menarche in girls at school located in more deprived areas. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Choi SW, Kim H, Kim IC, Lee CH, Hwang J, Park HS, Cho YK, Yoon HJ, Nam CW, Han S, Hur SH. Implication of ultrasound contrast-enhancement of carotid plaques in prevalence of acute coronary syndrome and occurrence of cardiovascular outcomes. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2018; 46:461-466. [PMID: 30306599 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.22638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ultrasonographic contrast enhancement of carotid plaque (CECP) has been used to detect neovascularization of vasa vasorum and plaque. However, it is uncertain whether CECP can provide risk stratification of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between CECP and manifestations of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in established CAD patients and to explore the prognostic implication of CECP for cardiovascular (CV) clinical outcomes. METHODS A medical record review revealed that contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was performed to evaluate carotid atherosclerosis in 209 coronary artery-stented and 105 non-stented patients. The rate of ACS manifestations was compared depending on contrast uptake patterns: grade 0, absent; grade 1, dot; and grade 2, diffuse pattern. CV primary outcomes were assessed during a mean 7.6 months of follow-up. RESULTS Male sex, smoking, history of old myocardial infarction, intensive medications, and a favorable lipid profile were common in the stented versus non-stented group. Patients with grade 2 CECP had a higher rate of ACS, greater plaque thickness, and class I-II of Gray-Weale plaque echogenicity. During follow-up, 10 coronary revascularizations (nine ACSs), six strokes, and four heart failures occurred. Grade 2 CECP was more closely related with CV primary outcomes and showed a tendency toward more acute CV outcomes. CONCLUSION ACS manifestations were proportionate to CECP grade. Diffuse CECP uptake could be a risk factor for acute CV outcomes.
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Kim J, Hwang J, Lyu S, Kim J. Human platelet-rich plasma improves endometrial regeneration and pregnancy outcomes in a murine model of asherman syndrome. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Choe S, Yu E, Hwang J, Kim J, Hur Y, Kim R, Lee Y, Kim M, Kim J, Kim Y, Kim Y, Koong M, Kang I, Yoon T. Success of fresh IVF cycles and area-level deprivation index. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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83
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Paek S, Seok S, Park J, Jeon Y, Byun J, Son S, Lee S, Kim J, Hwang J, Kim J, Lyu S, Kim J, Kwak I, Lee W. Can single good quality frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer augment pregnancy rates in patients with elevated progesterone? Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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84
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Kim S, Eum J, Choi W, Kwon S, Bang S, Kim M, Lee D, Ko J, Hwang J, Chang E, Lee W. Meiotic spindle position and second polar body orientation enable the prediction of embryonic developmental potential and embryo euploidy. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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85
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Park M, Kim J, Hwang J, Lyu S, Song H. Perivascular stem cells from human umbilical cords ameliorate fibrotic uterine damage to improve poor pregnancy outcomes in a murine model of asherman's syndrome. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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86
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Hwang J, Park HS, Kim J, Kim JS, Park JS, Kim KH, Bae MH, Lee SH, Lee YS, Han S, Kim DK, Cha TJ, Shin DG, Jung BC, Kim YN. Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with a persistent left superior vena cava. Europace 2018. [PMID: 28641381 DOI: 10.1093/europace/eux164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims A persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is the most common thoracic venous anomaly. This venous anomaly can impact the evaluation and treatment of supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVA). The aim of this study was to assess the proportion and characteristics of PLSVC in adult SVA patients. Methods and results From July 2002 to July 2012, clinical and procedural data from databases of 10 cardiac electrophysiology laboratories in the Yeungnam region of the Republic of Korea were reviewed. Of 6662 adult SVA patients who underwent an EP study or catheter ablation of SVA during the 10-year study period, 18 patients had PLSVC (mean age 47.6 ± 14.8 years, 10 men). The proportion of PLSVC in adult SVA patients was 0.27% (18/6662). SVA type and procedural outcomes of radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation in these patients were investigated and the results were as follows: successful slow pathway modification in six of seven patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), successful ablation of accessory pathway in three of four patients with atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia, and successful ablation of atrial tachycardia (cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent in two, septal macroreentry in one, focal from the PLSVC in one) in three of four patients. In one patient with junctional tachycardia, catheter ablation failed. In two patients with atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation was successful. Conclusion Among adult SVA patients who underwent an EP study or RF catheter ablation during the 10-year study period, 0.27% had PLSVC. The most common type of SVA was AVNRT. The success rate of catheter ablation was 82% in SVA patients with PLSVC. There were no procedure-related complications.
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Salem M, Grothey A, Goldberg R, Xiu J, Korn W, Shields A, Hwang J, Philip P, Lenz H, Marshall J. Association between tumor mutation burden (TMB) and MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6 alterations in 395 microsatellite instability-high (MSI-High) gastrointestinal (GI) tumors. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy149.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Hwang J, Park N, Kim H, Lee T, Kim Y. 1327 Effect of ginsenoside Rd on dermal epidermal junction in fibroblast. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kang Y, Lee W, Hwang J, Lee Y. Influence of Glass Microsphere Filler on the Rheological Behavior of an Epoxy Resin. INT POLYM PROC 2018. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The rheological behavior of epoxy resin filled with glass hollow microspheres was studied using three types of microspheres with different particle size distributions. The shear-rate dependence on viscosity, as well as relative apparent viscosity, of the suspensions was investigated at different microsphere filler loadings. The change in relative viscosity with different types of microsphere loads was also investigated using the established semi empirical model to estimate the critical filler load. It was found that the critical filler load for all suspensions tested depends mostly on the filler size distribution, neither on the average filler size nor on the specific surface area of the filler.
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Jeon C, Kim C, Kwon H, Hwang J. Abstract No. 413 Long-term outcomes after the stent-grafts placement for treatment of postpancreatoduodenectomy arterial hemorrhage. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Hwang J, Park S, Kim K, Jeon C. Abstract No. 673 Ultrasonography-guided antegrade common femoral artery puncture: factors associated with puncture time. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Jeon C, Kim C, Kwon H, Hwang J. Abstract No. 665 Blunt splenic injury: clinical results of transarterial embolization, 4-years experiences in a single trauma center. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Wong F, Khan M, Agarwal K, Furusyo N, Hwang J, Flaherty J, Kim K. A180 IMPROVED RENAL LABORATORY PARAMETERS IN CHB PATIENTS TREATED WITH TAF COMPARED WITH TDF. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy008.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kota K, Kota K, Hwang J, Naumovski J. Effect of Urinalysis with Reflex Testing on Urine Culture Testing and Treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yu HT, Yang PS, Hwang J, Ryu S, Jang E, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Sung JH, Kim JY, Pak HN, Lee MH, Joung B, Lip GYH. P378Influence of reimbursement of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants on overall prescription rates of oral anticoagulation: A nationwide study using the Korean National Health Insurance Data. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Vidula N, Goga A, Krummel M, Hwang J, Liu M, Park BH, Nanda R, Pohlmann P, Storniolo AM, Van Poznak C, Brufsky A, Abramson V, Wolff A, Rugo HS. Abstract OT1-02-03: TBCRC 044: A randomized phase II study of pembrolizumab in combination with carboplatin versus carboplatin alone in breast cancer patients with chest wall disease. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-ot1-02-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Patients with breast cancer (BC) and chest wall disease have limited treatment options. We hypothesize that checkpoint inhibition may be an effective treatment approach due to the inflammatory nature of chest wall infiltration, and the association of PD-1 expression with lymphocytic infiltration. Platinum chemotherapy may facilitate anti-tumor immunity in a synergistic manner, and clinical studies of the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab with platinum combinations have been effective in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. In this study, we will evaluate the combination of carboplatin and pembrolizumab in BC patients with chest wall disease.
Methods: This is a randomized phase II multicenter study in the TBCRC including patients with advanced, unresectable BC with hormone resistant or triple negative chest wall disease. Patients may have had prior surgery, prior chest wall radiation is not required, and other sites of distant metastases are allowed. Eighty-four patients at TBCRC sites will be randomized 2:1 to receive pembrolizumab and carboplatin (n=56, Arm A) or carboplatin alone (n=28, Arm B) until disease progression. Patients randomized to Arm B may cross-over following progression to pembrolizumab alone (Arm Bx). Patients in Arm A will be treated with pembrolizumab 200 mg IV and carboplatin AUC 5 IV every 3 weeks for at least 6 cycles followed by maintenance pembrolizumab 200 mg IV every 3 weeks if stable or responding disease. Patients in Arm B will be treated with carboplatin AUC 5 IV every 3 weeks until progression, then may cross-over to pembrolizumab 200 mg IV every 3 weeks alone (Arm Bx). An interim analysis for futility will be performed after 18 patients are enrolled into Arm B to allow early closure of that arm for lack of efficacy. The primary endpoint is disease control rate at 18 weeks of treatment; the study is powered to detect a 20% difference in disease control rates between arms (hazard ratio 0.52, α= 0.10, β= 0.20). Secondary endpoints include progression free survival, toxicity, and response based on PD-L1 expression and irRECIST. Exploratory endpoints include association of response with a number of biomarkers including tumor PD-L1 gene expression, tumor and peripheral blood immune composition and cytokine expression, peripheral T-cell PD-1 expression, circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor cells, and tumor MYC genomic expression using tumor biopsy and peripheral blood testing before and after treatment. This study should be open to accrual by August of 2017. (NCT03095352)
Citation Format: Vidula N, Goga A, Krummel M, Hwang J, Liu M, Park BH, Nanda R, Pohlmann P, Storniolo AM, Van Poznak C, Brufsky A, Abramson V, Wolff A, Rugo HS. TBCRC 044: A randomized phase II study of pembrolizumab in combination with carboplatin versus carboplatin alone in breast cancer patients with chest wall disease [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-02-03.
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Hwang J, Siddique AB, Kim YJ, Lee H, Maeng JH, Ahn Y, Lee JS, Kim HS, Lee H. Ionic cellulose-stabilized gold nanoparticles and their application in the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. RSC Adv 2018; 8:1758-1763. [PMID: 35542619 PMCID: PMC9077261 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11393e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel strategy for the synthesis of highly stable gold nanoparticles (GNPs) was designed by reducing HAuCl4 with NaBH4 in an aqueous solution of water-soluble ionic cellulose composed of dimethylimidazolium cations and phosphite-bound cellulose anions. NMR and UV-Vis analysis along with the measurement of the zeta potential suggest that the exceptionally high stability of GNPs originates from the strong interaction of GNPs with the phosphite groups of the ionic cellulose. The thus prepared GNPs exhibit excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol, a model hydrogenation reaction. Gold nanoparticles (GNP) were highly stabilized by water soluble ionic cellulose by the strong interaction of GNP with the phosphite groups and showed extremely high catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol.![]()
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Ahn JK, Hwang J, Hwang JH, Yoon WT, Chung PW, Ryu S. The association between serum uric acid and asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis in middle-aged Koreans. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:14-22. [PMID: 29191476 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) is one of the most common causes of stroke, especially in Asians. Hyperuricemia has been associated with an increased risk of comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome or cardiovascular diseases. However, there are few studies focusing on the association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and asymptomatic ICAS. The aim of this study was to explore the association between SUA and the prevalence of ICAS in middle-aged Korean health screening examinees. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional study was performed on 9417 males and 7755 females who underwent a comprehensive health examination including transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography. The association of SUA and ICAS was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. The prevalence of ICAS among the total examinee population was 3.55%. In females, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio for ICAS was 1.52 (confidence interval 1.13-2.04) in the 3rd quartile of SUA and 1.45 (1.05-2.00) in the highest quartile, compared to the reference (P for trend 0.008). This trend was evident in all clinically relevant subgroups evaluated, including women with low inflammation status. SUA was not significantly associated with the prevalence of ICAS among males. In a sensitivity analysis, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of middle cerebral artery stenosis in females was 1.60 (1.09-2.37) in the highest quartile compared to the reference (P for trend 0.023). CONCLUSIONS Higher SUA level was associated with increased risk of ICAS among middle-aged females but not males. A further cohort study is warranted to elucidate the effect of SUA on asymptomatic ICAS.
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Jeong YH, Park DW, Sohn CB, Hwang KW, Lee SH, Choi JH, Chon MK, Lee SY, Hwang J, Kim IS, Lee SM, Han J, Noh M, Kim CH, Chun KJ, Park YH, Kim JS, Han DC, Kim JH. Antiplatelet effect of ticagrelor compared to tirofiban in non-ST-segment elevation ACS patients undergoing PCI. Thromb Haemost 2017; 115:213-21. [DOI: 10.1160/th15-02-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
SummaryAddition of a potent P2Y12 inhibitor to aspirin is the standard therapy for non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Glyco-protein IIb/IIIa inhibitor, together with antiplatelet therapy, may be considered as part of initial therapy in NSTE-ACS patients with high-risk features. This study investigated the antiplatelet effect of ticagrelor loading dose (LD) versus tirofiban bolus injection with a post-bolus infusion on top of aspirin among NSTE-ACS patients planned to PCI. NSTE-ACS patients were randomised to receive either ticagrelor (n = 47) or tirofiban (n = 48). Platelet reactivity was assessed by light transmittance aggregometry at 0, 2, 8, and 24 hours (h) after treatment initiation. Primary endpoint was inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA, 20 µM ADP, final extent) at 2 h after LD therapy, with a non-inferiority margin of 10 %. The prevalence of high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) was also compared at 0, 2, 8, and 24 h. The mean difference in IPA between ticagrelor and tirofiban was -9.9 % (95 % confidence interval: –25.7 % to 5.9 %) at 2 h, –1.6 % (-8.0 % to 4.8 %) at 8 h, and –3.3 % (-18.4 % to 12.0 %) at 24 h. The prevalence of HPR did not differ between the two groups at any time point (all p values ≥ 0.059), which was almost abolished by 8 h post-LD (< 5 %). In conclusion, the antiplatelet effect during the early phase (~2 h) after ticagrelor LD appeared to be relatively strong, but it did not reach that of tirofiban in NSTE-ACS patients.
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Reichert M, Bergmann SM, Hwang J, Buchholz R, Lindenberger C. Antiviral activity of exopolysaccharides from Arthrospira platensis against koi herpesvirus. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2017; 40:1441-1450. [PMID: 28422294 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although koi herpesvirus (KHV) has a history of causing severe economic losses in common carp and koi farms, there are still no treatments available on the market. Thus, the aim of this study was to test exopolysaccharides (EPS) for its antiviral activity against KHV, by monitoring inhibition and cytotoxic effects in common carp brain cells. These substances can be easily extracted from extracellular algae supernatant and were identified as groups of sulphated polysaccharides. In order to reach this aim, Arthrospira platensis, which is well known for its antiviral activity of intra- and extracellular compounds towards mammalian herpesviruses, was investigated as standard organism and compared to commercial antiviral drug, ganciclovir, which inhibits the viral DNA polymerization. The antiviral activity of polysaccharides of A. platensis against KHV was confirmed in vitro using qualitative assessment of KHV life cycle genes, and it was found by RT-PCR that EPS, applied at a concentration of >18 μg mL-1 and a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.45 of KHV, suppressed the viral replication in common carp brain (CCB) cells even after 22 days post-infection, entirely. Further, this study presents first data indicating an enormous potential using polysaccharides as an additive for aquacultures to lower or hinder the spread of the KHV and koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD) in future.
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