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Liu YX, Kang ET, Neoh KG, Tan KL. SURFACE MODIFICATION OF POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE) FILMS BY GRAFT COPOLYMERIZATION FOR ADHESION IMPROVEMENT WITH EVAPORATED METALS. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2000. [DOI: 10.1081/ma-100101144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Chen Y, Kang ET, Neoh KG, Tan KL. Surface Functionalization of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Films via Consecutive Graft Copolymerization with Glycidyl Methacrylate and Aniline. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp000152g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tan KL, Lee HS, Poh WT, Ren MQ, Watt F, Tang SM, Eng P. Hard metal lung disease--the first case in Singapore. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2000; 29:521-7. [PMID: 11056785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We report the first case of hard metal lung disease in Singapore and the occupational investigative work and control measures that were undertaken. CLINICAL PICTURE A 38-year-old machinist in the tool manufacturing industry presented with exertional dyspnoea and cough. Chest X-ray revealed bilateral reticulonodular infiltrates with honeycombing. High resolution computed tomography scan of the thorax confirmed the presence of interstitial fibrosis. Open biopsy of the lung showed features of pneumoconiosis. Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis, a relatively new elemental analysis technique, performed on the lung biopsy specimen confirmed the presence of tungsten and titanium; and he was diagnosed to have hard metal lung disease. Microbiologic, serologic and histologic investigations excluded an infective cause. Serial pulmonary function tests on follow-up showed no progression. He presented with haemoptysis 10 months later and was diagnosed to have tuberculosis on the basis of positive sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. TREATMENT Preventive measures and permanent transfer to non-cobalt work were instituted. OUTCOME The interstitial fibrosis appears to have stabilised. CONCLUSION The diagnosis of hard metal lung disease must be considered in a worker exposed to cobalt presenting with interstitial fibrosis.
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Lim SL, Tan KL, Kang ET, Chin WS. A comparative ab initio and DFT study of neutral aniline oligomers. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wang P, Tan KL, Kang ET. Surface modification of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) films via grafting of poly(ethylene glycol) for reduction in protein adsorption. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2000; 11:169-86. [PMID: 10718477 DOI: 10.1163/156856200743634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) films with surface grafted poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains were prepared by two methods: (1) UV-induced graft copolymerization of methoxy poly- (ethylene glycol) monomethacrylate (PEGMA) onto the plasma-pretreated PTFE films; and (2) coupling of the hydroxyl groups of PEG via ester linkages with the carbonyl chloride groups which were introduced onto the acrylic acid (AAc) graft-copolymerized PTFE surface through reaction with thionyl chloride (SOCl2). The UV-induced graft copolymerization of PEGMA onto the plasma-pretreated PTFE film was explored with different macromonomer concentrations and different UV graft copolymerization time. The coupling reaction, on the other hand, was explored with PEG of different molecular weights. The surface microstructures and compositions of the PEG-modified PTFE films from both processes were characterized by contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. In general, higher macromonomer concentration and longer UV graft copolymerization time led to a higher graft yield for the UV-induced graft copolymerization with PEGMA. Contact angle measurements revealed that the hydrophilicity of the PTFE film surface was greatly enhanced by the grafting of the PEG chains. The PTFE surface with a high density of grafted PEG was very effective in preventing bovine serum albumin adsorption.
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Abstract
The synthesis and applications of carbon nanotubes, a new form of crystalline carbon, are reviewed. In particular, the results obtained in the authors' laboratory are summarized, including the preparation of highly crystalline multi-walled carbon nanotubes; also discussed are the valence band and core level structures, the nonlinear optical limiting behavior, the band gap measurement, and the hydrogen uptake by carbon nanotubes, which has been greatly enhanced by alkali-doping.
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Li S, Kang ET, Ma ZH, Tan KL. XPS investigation of electrode/polymer interfaces of relevance to the phenylene vinylene polymer-based LEDs. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9918(200002)29:2<95::aid-sia699>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Liu YX, Kang ET, Neoh K, Tan KL. Reactive adsorption of aminosilane onto the glycidyl methacrylate graft-copolymerized poly(tetrafluoroethylene) film surface for adhesion enhancement with evaporated copper. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0518(20000101)38:1<80::aid-pola11>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wang J, Neoh KG, Kang ET, Tan KL. Chemical deposition of palladium on leucoemeraldine from solutions: state and distribution of palladium species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1039/b002167i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liu YX, Kang ET, Neoh KG, Tan KL, Huang CC, Liaw DJ. Lamination of polytetrafluoroethylene films via surface thermal graft copolymerization with ionic and zwitterionic monomers. J Appl Polym Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19991024)74:4<816::aid-app7>3.0.co;2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Tan KL, Robinson TD, Celermajer DS, Hughes CF, Young IH. Intermittent hypoxaemia without orthodeoxia due to right-to-left shunting related to an elongated aorta. Respirology 1999; 4:291-3. [PMID: 10489677 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1843.1999.00193.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An elderly woman presented with unexplained, intermittent hypoxaemia unrelated to posture. Subsequent investigations revealed intermittent and variable right-to-left interatrial shunting through a patent foramen ovale in the presence of normal pulmonary arterial and intracardiac pressures, caused by right atrial compression from a horizontal, elongated ascending aorta. Surgical closure of the foramen resulted in marked clinical improvement.
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Tan KL, Kang ET. Preface. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9918(199908)28:1<1::aid-sia655>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Chen P, Wu X, Lin J, Tan KL. High H2 uptake by alkali-doped carbon nanotubes under ambient pressure and moderate temperatures. Science 1999; 285:91-3. [PMID: 10390369 DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5424.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 959] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Lithium- or potassium-doped carbon nanotubes can absorb approximately 20 or approximately 14 weight percent of hydrogen at moderate (200 degrees to 400 degrees C) or room temperatures, respectively, under ambient pressure. These values are greater than those of metal hydride and cryoadsorption systems. The hydrogen stored in the lithium- or potassium-doped carbon nanotubes can be released at higher temperatures, and the sorption-desorption cycle can be repeated with little decrease in the sorption capacity. The high hydrogen-uptake capacity of these systems may be derived from the special open-edged, layered structure of the carbon nanotubes made from methane, as well as the catalytic effect of alkali metals.
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Kang ET, Ma ZH, Tan KL, Zhu BR, Uyama Y, Ikada Y. Surface modification and functionalization of electroactive polymer films. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1581(199907)10:7<421::aid-pat887>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Chen P, Wu X, Lin J, Tan KL. Synthesis of Cu Nanoparticles and Microsized Fibers by Using Carbon Nanotubes as a Template. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp983983j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Goh SH, Lee SY, Yeo YT, Zhou X, Tan KL. Miscibility and specific interactions in polyacrylonitrile/ poly(p-vinylphenol) blends. Macromol Rapid Commun 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3927(19990301)20:3<148::aid-marc148>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Goh SH, Lee SY, Zhou X, Tan KL. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Studies of Interactions between Styrenic Polymers and Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide). Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma980920q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wu S, Kang ET, Neoh KG, Han HS, Tan KL. Surface Modification of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Films by Graft Copolymerization for Adhesion Improvement with Evaporated Copper. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9803133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Han HS, Tan KL, Kang ET, Neoh KG. Low-temperature graft copolymerization of 1-vinyl imidazole on low-density polyethylene films with simultaneous lamination of copper foils. J Appl Polym Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19981205)70:10<1977::aid-app13>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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