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Bura A, Boutouyrie* P, Peyrard S, Fiessinger J, Laurent S, Azizi M. 13.04 LACK OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN BUERGER’S DISEASE. Artery Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-9312(07)70022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Nägele H, Hashagen S, Azizi M, Behrens S, Castel MA. Long-term hemodynamic benefit of biventricular pacing depending on coronary sinus lead position. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2006; 17:185-90. [PMID: 17211748 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-006-0533-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2006] [Accepted: 11/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute studies in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) showed that hemodynamic effects may depend on the coronary sinus (CS) lead position. However, there are no data on the longterm effect of CS lead position. METHODS In 45 heart failure patients with left bundle branch block and QRS >150 ms (age 59+/-10 years, 17 dilative cardiomyopathy, 23 ischemic, 5 valvular), biventricular pacemakers were implanted. CS leads were positioned in posterior (P, n=15), lateral (L, n=19) or, if no other option available, anterior (A, n=11) side branches. Before and 6 months after implantation, clinical state, echocardiography, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and right heart catheterization were evaluated. RESULTS Baseline parameters were similar between groups. After 6 months, there were 32/34 responders in groups P and L compared to 7/11 responders in group A (94 vs groups P and L: Arterial pressure +8 and +9% vs +2%; PCWP -23 and -15% vs -4%, pulmonary pressure -18 and -12% vs -3% (p<0.01 for A vs P+L); cardiac index +21 and +12% vs +11% (p=0.03 for A vs P). BNP was reduced by 55, 35, and 27% (p=0.05 for A vs P). Ejection fraction increased in P and L by 40 and 41%, respectively, but only by +19% in A (p<0.03 for A vs P+L). CONCLUSION Chronic CRT improves ejection fraction, BNP and hemodynamic measurements predominantly in patients with lateral and posterior CS lead positions. Anterior lead positions should be avoided.
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Nägele H, Azizi M. Inappropriate ICD discharge induced by electrical interference from a physio-therapeutic muscle stimulation device. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2006; 17:137-9. [PMID: 16969728 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-006-0527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2005] [Accepted: 03/15/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This report illustrates the case of a patient with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) who during physiotherapy with transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the lumbar musculature perceived a shock discharge by the ICD. Analysis of the stored electrogram showed inappropriate therapy due to electromagnetic interference with the external stimulation. Patients as well as physiotherapists should be informed about this potential interaction to avoid such iatrogenic, inappropriate ICD therapy.
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Nägele H, Ergin M, Azizi M, Behrens S, Jäckle S. Reversible impairment of myocardial function in Hanta virus infection – direct viral effect? Clin Res Cardiol 2006; 95:554-6. [PMID: 16845572 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-006-0419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2006] [Accepted: 06/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Nägele H, Azizi M, Hashagen S, Behrens S. Long-term follow-up of a malpositioned ventricular pacing lead via the aortic valve. Clin Res Cardiol 2006; 95:488-91. [PMID: 16799878 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-006-0405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2006] [Accepted: 05/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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81
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Santosa RE, Azizi M, Whittle T, Wanigaratrne K, Klineberg IJ. The influence of the leaf gauge and anterior jig on jaw muscle electromyography and condylar head displacement: a pilot study. Aust Dent J 2006; 51:33-41. [PMID: 16669475 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2006.tb00398.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A leaf gauge and an anterior jig may be used to assist the recording of a reproducible jaw position for restorative and prosthodontic treatment. This study investigated possible condylar displacement using an opto-electronic jaw-tracking device and a leaf gauge or anterior jig. The effect of a leaf gauge and anterior jig on jaw muscle electromyography was also examined. METHODS Five healthy adults without symptoms of temporomandibular disorders were selected. Condylar displacement during clenching were recorded simultaneously with electromyographic activity of superior and inferior heads of the lateral pterygoid, anterior and posterior temporalis, masseter, and suprahyoid muscles. Subjects were trained to bite at maximum and half-maximum bite-force using an anterior jig incorporating a force transducer. RESULTS No consistent condylar displacement was observed in x, y and z axes between different bite-forces although there was a trend towards superior displacement. Comparison of maximum intercuspal clench and maximum clench on a leaf gauge and an anterior jig produced significant decrease in anterior temporalis activity (p < 0.05), whilst an anterior jig with maximum clench significantly decreased posterior temporalis muscle activity. CONCLUSION Within the limits of this pilot study, no consistent change in condylar position was identified with these appliances.
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Azizi M, Castel MA, Behrens S, Rödiger W, Nägele H. Experience with coronary sinus lead implantations for cardiac resynchronization therapy in 244 patients. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2006; 17:13-8. [PMID: 16547655 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-006-0502-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2005] [Accepted: 12/29/2005] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) using coronary sinus (CS) leads is a new method for the therapy of congestive heart failure (CHF). Because the intervention is more complex than regular pacemaker implantations, information on the feasibility and side effects of this method are of interest. METHODS From 1999 to June 2005, CRT implantations were attempted in 244 patients (pts; mean age 64+/-12 years, range 14-90 years), 82% were male, 44% had coronary artery disease, 29% were in atrial fibrillation, 71 had preexisting pacemakers. RESULTS In 97% of the pts the intervention was successful (27% of the systems with defibrillation capabilities). In 285 interventions, 255 CS leads were positioned according to CS vein anatomy in 130 posterolateral, 97 anterolateral and 28 anterior side branches (16 patients received 2 CS leads). Over-the-wire leads were used in 88%, 71% were additionally preshaped. We observed no mortality but 37 complications (12.5%): CS dissection in 9, CS perforation in 1, ventricular fibrillation in 4, asystole in 5, pulmonary edema in 1, pneumothorax in 2, need for early CS lead revision in 19 (dislodgement n=7, phrenic nerve stimulation n=12) and infection with explantation in 2 cases. An improvement in NYHA functional class was found in 88% of pts (only 55% if anterior lead position). CONCLUSION Perioperative complications during CS lead implantation occur in 10-15% of cases. Most patients responded well to CRT. Patients should be informed about the possible need for a reoperation. During implantation, immediate defibrillation and stimulation capabilities must be available. Anterior lead positions should be avoided.
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Azizi M, Fuji Y. ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANT SUBSTANCES ON SEED GERMINATION OF AMARANTHUS RETROFLEXUS AND PORTULACA OLERACEAE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2006.699.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Azizi M, Schneider W, Plieth W. Electrolytic co-deposition of silicate and mica particles with zinc. J Solid State Electrochem 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-004-0572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Aroiee H, Azizi M, Omibaigi R. EFFECT OF SALINITY AND NITROGEN NUTRITION ON FREE PROLINE AND SEED OIL CONTENT OF MEDICINAL PUMPKIN (CUCURBITA PEPO SUBSP. PEPO CONVAR. PEPO VAR. STYRIACA). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2005.676.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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86
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Zavattiero S, Rossi GP, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, Favilla S, Versari D, Sudano I, Taddei S, Salvetti A, Azizi M, Jeunemaitre X. Loss of Function Polymorphism and In Vivo Acetylcholine-Triggered No Bioactivity in Human Essential Hypertension. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2005. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200512030-00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Kluge S, Azizi M, Baumann HJ, Meyer A, Kirsten D. Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie der Mykoplasmen-Pneumonie. Pneumologie 2004; 58:733-8. [PMID: 15476112 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-818536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen in community acquired pneumonia. In severe cases extrapulmonary manifestations of the disease may be prominent. Proof of infection is found, though usually delayed, through serologic methods. A calculated therapy of community acquired pneumonia, especially in younger patients with interstitial infiltrates, should therefore include effective treatment for Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Macrolide antibiotics are the most commonly used antibiotics in the treatment of mycoplasma infection, alternatives include ketolides, quinolones and tetracyclines.
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Boutouyrie P, Azizi M, Agharazii M, Bissery A, Verbeke F, Laurent S, Alhenc-Gelas F, Jeunemaitre X. ARTERIAL PROPERTIES AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN SUBJECTS WITH GENETICALLY REDUCED KALLIKREIN ACTIVITY. J Hypertens 2004. [DOI: 10.1097/00004872-200406002-00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Raguin G, Chêne G, Morand-Joubert L, Taburet AM, Droz C, Le Tiec C, Clavel F, Girard PM, Rozenbaum W, Naït-Ighil L, Nguyen TH, Slama L, Girard PM, Molina JM, Sereni D, Colin de Verdière N, Lascoux-Combes C, Pintado C, Ponscarme D, Prevoteau de Clary F, Tourneur M, Bentata M, Guillevin L, Launay O, Mansouri R, Rouges F, Kazatchkine M, Aouba A, Azizi M, Fiessinger JN, Le Houssine P, Sicard D, Bernasconi C, Salmon D, Silbermann B, Cassuto JP, Ceppi C, Poiree D, Raguin G, Merad M, Delfraissy JF, Goujard C, Quertainmont Y, Perronne C, de Truchis P, Dupont B, Bresson JL, Calatroni I, Raffi F, Esnault JL, Leautez S. Salvage Therapy with Amprenavir, Lopinavir and Ritonavir 200 Mg/D or 400 Mg/D in HIV-Infected Patients in Virological Failure. Antivir Ther 2004. [DOI: 10.1177/135965350400900407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To compare the antiviral efficacy of a salvage therapy combining lopinavir and amprenavir with 200 mg/d or 400 mg/d ritonavir, together with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, over a 26-week period in HIV-infected patients in whom multiple anti-retroviral regimens had failed. Design Phase IIb, randomized, open-label, multicentre trial. Patients were eligible if they had <500 CD4+ cells/mm3 and >4 log10 copies/ml HIV-RNA after treatment with at least two protease inhibitors (PIs) and one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Results At baseline ( n=37), the median CD4+ cell count was 207/mm3 and the median plasma HIV-1 RNA level was 4.7 log10 copies/ml; the median number of PI mutations was seven and the median decrease in phenotypic susceptibility to lopinavir and amprenavir was 9.7 and 2.6, respectively. The mean number of antiretrovirals received prior to randomization was 7.7. The fall in the median HIV-1 RNA level at week 26 was -1.4 log10 copies/ml in the 200 mg/d ritonavir group and -2.5 log10 copies/ml in the 400 mg/d group ( P=0.02). Viral load fell below 50 copies/ml in 32% and 61% of patients, respectively ( P=0.07). After adjustment for the ritonavir dose, a smaller number of PI mutations was the only baseline characteristic associated with a better virological response at week 26. Amprenavir concentrations were significantly lower in presence of lopinavir. The lopinavir inhibitory quotient at week 6 correlated weakly with the change in the HIV-RNA level at week 26. Conclusion Combination of amprenavir, lopinavir and 400 mg/d ritonavir shows significant virological efficacy without increased toxicity in HIV-infected patients in whom multiple antiretroviral regimens have failed.
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Bax L, Mali WPTM, Buskens E, Koomans HA, Beutler JJ, Braam B, Beek FJA, Rabelink TJ, Postma CT, Huysmans FTM, Deinum J, Thien T, Schultze Kool LJ, Woittiez AJJ, Kouwenberg JJ, van den Meiracker AH, Pattynama PMT, van de Ven PJG, Vroegindeweij D, Doorenbos CJ, Aarts JCNM, Kroon AA, de Leeuw PW, de Haan MW, van Engelshoven JMA, Rutten MJCM, van Montfrans GA, Reekers JA, Plouin PF, La Batide Alanore A, Azizi M, Raynaud A, Harden PN, Cowling M. The benefit of STent placement and blood pressure and lipid-lowering for the prevention of progression of renal dysfunction caused by Atherosclerotic ostial stenosis of the Renal artery. The STAR-study: rationale and study design. J Nephrol 2003; 16:807-12. [PMID: 14736007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) is associated with progressive loss of renal function and is one of the most important causes of renal failure in the elderly. Current treatment includes restoration of the renal arterial lumen by endovascular stent placement. However, this treatment only affects damage caused by ARAS due to the stenosis and ensuing post-stenotic ischemia. ARAS patients have severe general vascular disease. Atherosclerosis and hypertension can also damage the kidney parenchyma causing renal failure. Medical treatment focuses on the latter. Lipid-lowering drugs (statins) could reduce renal failure progression and could reduce the overall high cardiovascular risk. The additional effect on preserving renal function of stent placement as compared to medical therapy alone is unknown. Therefore, the STAR-study aims to compare the effects of renal artery stent placement together with medication vs. medication alone on renal function in ARAS patients. METHOD Patients with an ARAS of > or = 50% and renal failure (creatinine (Cr) clearance < 80 mL/min/1.73 m2) are randomly assigned to stent placement with medication or to medication alone. Medication consists of statins, anti-hypertensive drugs and antiplatelet therapy. Patients are followed for 2 yrs with extended follow-up to 5 yrs. The primary outcome of this study is a reduction in Cr clearance > 20% compared to baseline. This trial will include 140 patients.
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Soroosh P, Shokri F, Azizi M, Jeddi-Tehrani M. Analysis of T-cell receptor beta chain variable gene segment usage in healthy adult responders and nonresponders to recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Scand J Immunol 2003; 57:423-31. [PMID: 12753498 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.2003.01256.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
One to 10 per cent of healthy adult individuals do not produce protective levels of anti-hepatitis B surface (HBs) antibodies, following a standard vaccination protocol. Lack of an HBs antigen (Ag)-specific T-cell repertoire is amongst the possible defects, which may lead to humoral unresponsiveness and is the main objective of this study. We analysed TcR BV (T-cell receptor beta chain variable) gene usage in T lymphocytes from nine healthy adult responders and six nonresponders to recombinant HB vaccine, before and after booster vaccination. CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by magnetic beads, and the expression of TcR BV genes in each population was investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and hybridization with specific probe. When the usage of each TcR BV gene within CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of the responders was compared with that of nonresponders, statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) was noted for BV5S2-3 gene family in CD4+ T cells of nonresponders. Furthermore, individual vaccinees were shown to overexpress several TcR BV genes. To characterize the T-cell repertoire and determine their clonal nature, analysis of CDR3 length polymorphism was performed. Our results show that T-cell response to HBsAg is generally oligoclonal and involves multiple BV families. Furthermore, overexpressed individual TcR BV genes and CDR3 length distributions in response to HBsAg are subject-dependent. In conclusion, our results are not in line with the notion that defective TcR repertoire may be an explanation for unresponsiveness to recombinant HBsAg vaccine.
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Mahboudi F, Abolhassan M, Yaran M, Mobtaker H, Azizi M. Identification and differentiation of Iranian Leishmania species by PCR amplification of kDNA. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2002; 33:596-8. [PMID: 11525354 DOI: 10.1080/00365540110026746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
We describe the specific identification of Leishmania species in Iran using PCR DNA amplification of kDNA. For this purpose, we designed a pair of primers--upstream 5' TCGCAGAACGCCCCTACC 3' and downstream 5'-AGGGGTTGGTGTAAAATAGGC 3'--specific for conserved sequences of kDNA of Leishmania. Using this primer, we identified 3 different amplified fragments from the kDNA of the WHO reference Leishmania species. Two bands at 620 and 850 bp were identified for L. major (MRHO/IR/64/Nadim-1 strain) and only 1 band at 620 bp was identified for L. major (P strain). Therefore, we could differentiate 2 Leishmania species. Also, 1 band at 830 bp was identified for L. tropica (MHOM/Sudan/58/OD strain). We determined the sequence analysis of 2 DNA bands (620 and 850 bp) obtained from kDNA of L. major (MRHO/IR/64/Nadim-1). A total of 157 bp from the 5' site and 234 bp from the 3' site were sequenced and showed about 28% homology between 620 and 850 bp fragments. This technique could amplify as little as 1 fg of DNA and was used to differentiate kDNA samples isolated from Iranian patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. These data indicate that the primer used for PCR amplification of kDNA is specific and can be used for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes.
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Azizi M, Junot C, Ezan E, Ménard J. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme and metabolism of the haematological peptide N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2001; 28:1066-9. [PMID: 11903317 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03560.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) has two homologous active N- and C-terminal domains and displays activity towards a broad range of substrates. The tetrapeptide N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP) has been shown to be hydrolysed in vitro by ACE and to be a preferential substrate for its N-terminal active site. This peptide reversibly prevents the recruitment of pluripotent haematopoietic stem cells and normal early progenitors into the S-phase. 2. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors, given as a single dose to normal subjects or during long-term treatment in hypertensive patients, result in plasma AcSDKP levels five- to six-fold higher and urine concentrations 40-fold higher than those of control subjects and/or patients. Thus, AcSDKP is a natural peptide hydrolysed by the N-terminal domain of ACE in vivo. In addition, ACE may be implicated in the process of haematopoietic stem cell regulation by permanently degrading this natural circulating inhibitor of cell entry into the S-phase. 3. Besides hydrolysis by ACE, the second very effective mechanism by which AcSDKP is cleared from plasma is glomerular filtration. Because of its high sensitivity and specificity, the measurement of AcSDKP in plasma and urine provides a valuable tool in screening specific inhibitors of the N-terminal domain of ACE and in monitoring ACE inhibition during chronic treatment. 4. The long-term consequences of AcSDKP accumulation are not known. During chronic ACE inhibition in rats, AcSDKP levels slightly increase in organs with high ACE content (kidneys, lungs). To significantly increase its concentration in target haematopoietic organs (the extracellular fraction of bone marrow), AcSDKP has to be infused on top of a captopril-based treatment. 5. A selective inhibitor of the N-domain of ACE in vitro and in vivo has been identified recently. The phosphinic peptide RXP 407 does not interfere with blood pressure regulation, but does increase, dose dependently, plasma concentrations of AcSDKP in mice, in contrast with lisinopril, which affects the metabolism of both AcSDKP and angiotensin I. N-Terminal-selective ACE inhibitors may be used to selectively control AcSDKP metabolism in target haematopoietic organs. This new therapeutic strategy may be of value for protecting haematopoietic cells from the toxicity of cancer chemotherapy.
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Boutouyrie P, Corvisier R, Serreau R, Azizi M, Lemoine D, Laloux B, Hallouin MC, Laurent S. [Effect of acupuncture on radial artery hemodynamics. Two controlled studies in pre-exposed and naive healthy subjects]. ARCHIVES DES MALADIES DU COEUR ET DES VAISSEAUX 2001; 94:913-7. [PMID: 11575230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Palpation of the radial pulses is one of the most important techniques in traditional Chinese medicine. Two double-blind randomised trials of the effects of real and sham acupuncture on radial artery hemodynamics were conducted in 19 patients regularly exposed to acupuncture (sensitised subjects), and in 8 healthy subjects devoid of previous exposure (naive subjects), respectively. Radial artery diameter and pulse waveform was measured with a high-resolution echotracking system and aplanation tonometry, respectively, before and during a 20-minute's acupuncture period. In sensitised patients, arterial diameter significantly increased during real acupuncture, compared to the sham group (+7.5 +/- 2.8% vs -2.9 +/- 2.7%, respectively; p < 0.01). By contrast, in naive subjects, arterial diameter did not change during real or sham acupuncture. In both populations, no significant difference was observed between real and sham acupuncture, concerning the time-course of blood pressure, radial artery distensibility and pressure waveform. Our results demonstrate that real acupuncture can determine an objective vasodilatation of the radial artery in patients regularly exposed to acupuncture, but not in naive subjects.
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Junot C, Gonzales MF, Ezan E, Cotton J, Vazeux G, Michaud A, Azizi M, Vassiliou S, Yiotakis A, Corvol P, Dive V. RXP 407, a selective inhibitor of the N-domain of angiotensin I-converting enzyme, blocks in vivo the degradation of hemoregulatory peptide acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro with no effect on angiotensin I hydrolysis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001; 297:606-11. [PMID: 11303049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphinic peptide RXP 407 has recently been identified as the first potent selective inhibitor of the N-active site (domain) of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in vitro. The aim of this study was to probe the in vivo efficacy of this new ACE inhibitor and to assess its effect on the metabolism of AcSDKP and angiotensin I. In mice infused with increasing doses of RXP 407 (0.1--30 mg/kg/30 min), plasma concentrations of AcSDKP, a physiological substrate of the N-domain, increased significantly and dose dependently toward a plateau 4 to 6 times the basal levels. RXP 407 significantly and dose dependently inhibited ex vivo plasma ACE N-domain activity, whereas it had no inhibitory activity toward the ACE C-domain. RXP 407 (10 mg/kg) did not inhibit the pressor response to an i.v. angiotensin I bolus injection in mice. In contrast, lisinopril infusion (5 and 10 mg/kg/30 min) affected the metabolism of both AcSDKP and angiotensin I. Thus, RXP 407 is the first ACE inhibitor that might be used to control selectively AcSDKP metabolism with no effect on blood pressure regulation.
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Vuagnat A, Giacché M, Hopkins PN, Azizi M, Hunt SC, Vedie B, Corvol P, Williams GH, Jeunemaitre X. Blood pressure response to angiotensin II, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and polymorphisms of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene in hypertensive sibling pairs. J Mol Med (Berl) 2001; 79:175-83. [PMID: 11409708 DOI: 10.1007/s001090100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) response to infused angiotensin II (Ang II) has been widely used to characterize hypertensive subjects. High cholesterol levels have recently been found to enhance this response in young men, suggesting an important new link between atherosclerosis and hypertension. The present study assessed the familial resemblance of the BP response following an Ang II infusion and measured the factors affecting the trait in a large set of hypertensive men and women. After a low-salt diet for 7 days a 30-min infusion of Ang II was administered to 218 white hypertensive patients (28 singletons, 80 sibling pairs, 10 trios). Age and gender were significantly correlated to the Ang II systolic but not to the diastolic BP response. Conversely, cholesterol level and especially low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were correlated to both systolic and diastolic changes. Multivariate analysis showed that age, gender, and LDL were the three parameters that explained the systolic BP change whereas plasma LDL remained the only variable significantly correlated to the diastolic BP change. Significant familial resemblances in the Ang II induced systolic and diastolic BP response were observed, especially in female pairs. On this limited number of subjects, suggestive evidence for association and linkage was found between the trait, A1166C, and (CA)n repeat polymorphisms of the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene. In conclusion, the Ang II induced BP change is strongly related to plasma LDL in hypertensive men and women, stressing the importance of the lipid profile as a contributor to BP regulation. Familial resemblance of this intermediate phenotype is sex dependent and may be partly explained by polymorphisms of the AT1R gene.
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Gordh T, Sharma HS, Azizi M, Alm P, Westman J. Spinal nerve lesion induces upregulation of constitutive isoform of heme oxygenase in the spinal cord. An immunohistochemical investigation in the rat. Amino Acids 2001; 19:373-81. [PMID: 11026508 DOI: 10.1007/s007260070068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The influence of carbon monoxide (CO) on chronic spinal nerve lesion induced spinal cord neurodegeneration was examined using immunohistochemical expression of the constitutive isoform of its synthesising enzyme, hemeoxygenase-2 (HO-2) in a rat model. Spinal nerve lesion at L-5 and L-6 level was produced according to the Chung model of neuropathic pain and rats were allowed to survive for 8 weeks. Sham operated rats, in which the spinal nerves were exposed but not ligated, served as controls. Ligation of spinal nerves in rats resulted in an upregulation of HO-2 expression which was most pronounced in the ipsilateral gray matter of the spinal cord compared to the contralateral side. In these rats, morphological investigations showed distorted neurons, membrane disruption, synaptic damage and myelin vesiculation. Sham operated rats did not show an upregulation of HO-2 expression and the structural changes in the spinal cord were absent. These observations strongly suggest that spinal nerve lesion is associated with an increased production of CO which is somehow contributing to the neurodegenerative changes in the spinal cord, not reported earlier.
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Boutouyrie P, Corvisier R, Azizi M, Lemoine D, Laloux B, Hallouin M, Laurent S. Effects of acupuncture on radial artery hemodynamics: controlled trials in sensitized and naive subjects. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001; 280:H628-33. [PMID: 11158960 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.2.h628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Palpation of the radial pulses is an important technique in traditional Chinese medicine. Two double-blind randomized trials of the effects of real and sham acupuncture on radial artery hemodynamics were conducted in 19 patients regularly exposed to acupuncture (sensitized subjects) and in 8 healthy subjects devoid of previous exposure (naive subjects), respectively. Radial artery diameter and pulse waveform were measured with a high-resolution echotracking system and aplanation tonometry, respectively, before and during a 20-min acupuncture period. In sensitized patients, arterial diameter significantly increased during real acupuncture, compared with the sham group (+7.5 +/- 2.8 vs. -2.9 +/- 2.7%, respectively; P < 0.01). By contrast, in naive subjects, arterial diameter did not change during real or sham acupuncture. In both populations, no significant difference was observed between real and sham acupuncture, concerning the time course of blood pressure, radial artery distensibility, and pressure waveform. Our results demonstrate that real acupuncture is associated with an objective vasodilatation of the radial artery in patients regularly exposed to acupuncture, but not in naive subjects.
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Azizi M, Hallouin MC, Jeunemaitre X, Guyene TT, Ménard J. Influence of the M235T polymorphism of human angiotensinogen (AGT) on plasma AGT and renin concentrations after ethinylestradiol administration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:4331-7. [PMID: 11095476 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.11.6932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The T235 allele of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene is associated with plasma AGT concentration and pregnancy-induced hypertension. The aim of this study was to compare changes in the circulating renin-angiotensin system after short-term (2 days) and repeated (7 days) administration of 50 microg ethinylestradiol (EE) in homozygous normotensive men (TT and MM). After repeated EE administration, renin stimulation was induced by a single oral dose of 40 mg furosemide, followed by 50 mg captopril, 12 h later. The short-term administration of EE did not induce a significant differential genotype-dependent increase in AGT concentration. In the 7-day study, TT subjects had higher peak plasma AGT concentrations than MM subjects. The more pronounced AGT increase in TT subjects resulted in similar plasma renin activity at a lower plasma active renin concentration, with a higher plasma renin activity/active renin ratio. The difference between genotypes in renin secretion resulted in readjustment of angiotensins production. In conclusion, the T235 allele of the AGT gene is associated with greater stimulation of AGT secretion in plasma after EE administration. In the short-term, complete readjustment of the circulating renin-angiotensin system occurs, through a decrease in renin release, which blunts the effects of the increase in AGT concentration.
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100
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Unger T, Azizi M, Belz GG. Blocking the tissue renin-angiotensin system: the future cornerstone of therapy. J Hum Hypertens 2000; 14 Suppl 2:S23-31. [PMID: 11086633 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The development of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and selective angiotensin type 1 (AT1)-receptor antagonists has provided new insights into understanding the mechanism of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. There is good evidence from meta-analyses that shows that inhibition of the RAS achieves organ protection features that go beyond blood pressure control. Candesartan cilexetil, a new angiotensin II receptor antagonist, is characterised by its tight binding to and slow dissociation from the AT1 receptor, and high antagonistic potency, resulting in long-lasting antagonistic effects. It is anticipated that these pharmacological characteristics may bring additional benefits to patients, not only for the management of essential hypertension but also for the management of end-organ damage.
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