76
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Wolfenson D, Thatcher WW, Drost M, Caton D, Foster DB, LeBlanc MM. Characteristics of prostaglandin F measurements in the ovarian circulation during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in the cow. JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 1985; 75:491-9. [PMID: 4067928 DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.0750491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Holstein or crossbred beef cows were anaesthetized on Days 15 to 17 after oestrus; the ovarian artery (OA), ovarian (utero-ovarian) vein (OV) and a peripheral artery (PA), were catheterized for chronic blood sampling. Beginning on the day after surgery, 6 sequential blood samples were collected every 30-40 min twice daily from 8 cyclic and 6 pregnant cows during Days 16-20: 818 blood samples (including 216 OA and PA concurrent arterial pairs) were collected. Overall least squares means for PGF concentrations (pg/ml) in the OV, OA and PA of cyclic cows were 562, 228 and 106, respectively. A significant (P less than 0.01) OA-PA difference (122 pg/ml) suggests that a local transfer system, between uterine venous effluent and ovarian arterial affluent, is functional in the cow. A transfer efficiency of about 1% was estimated. In cyclic cows differences in OA-PA concentrations of PGF were minimal on Days 16-18 and increased to about 160 pg/ml during luteal regression (Days 19-20). In pregnant cows a biphasic OA-PA pattern of difference in PGF between days was detected, with a peak on Day 18 (136 pg/ml) which was not apparent on Days 19-20. Amplitude of PGF spikes in the OA was significantly higher in cyclic (725 pg/ml) than in pregnant cows (397 pg/ml). We suggest that pregnancy suppresses PGF delivery to the ovarian circulation, resulting in maintenance of the corpus luteum in pregnant cows.
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77
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Guilbault LA, Thatcher WW, Drost M, Hopkins SM. Source of F series prostaglandins during the early postpartum period in cattle. Biol Reprod 1984; 31:879-87. [PMID: 6440602 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod31.5.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo and in vitro studies were conducted to determine the contribution of the bovine uterus to concentrations of 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) in peripheral plasma of postpartum cows. In Experiment 1, cows were assigned to three groups: untreated control (n = 4), hysterectomy following a manually induced prolapse of the uterus (n = 5) and sham operation (n = 3: prolapse of the uterus and replacement). Surgery was performed within 8 h of parturition, and blood samples collected frequently on the day of surgery and once (0800 h) or twice (0800 and 1700 h) daily from Day 1 to Day 15 postpartum. Following hysterectomy, PGFM concentrations decreased precipitously, became essentially undetectable by 5 h, and remained so for the rest of the experimental period. In contrast (P less than 0.01), PGFM concentrations, which remained elevated during the day of surgery in the sham-operated group, peaked on Day 2 (sham-operated group: 1339 pg/ml) or Day 3 (untreated control: 2143 pg/ml), and declined to a basal concentration between Days 10 to 15. In Experiment 2, in vitro metabolism of tritiated arachidonic acid ([3H] AA: 10 microCi) and production of PGF2 alpha and PGFM were studied in explants of early postpartum intrauterine tissues (myometrium, caruncle and intercaruncular endometrium). Extracts of [3H] AA metabolites released into the incubation medium were separated on Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Metabolites of [3H] AA, having the same chromatographic mobility as PGF2 alpha, PGFM and PGE2, were detected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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78
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Thatcher W, Wolfenson D, Curl J, Rico L, Knickerbocker J, Bazer F, Drost M. Prostaglandin dynamics associated with development of the bovine conceptus. Anim Reprod Sci 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-4320(84)90033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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79
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Lewis GS, Thatcher WW, Bliss EL, Drost M, Collier RJ. Effects of heat stress during pregnancy on postpartum reproductive changes in Holstein cows. J Anim Sci 1984; 58:174-86. [PMID: 6538193 DOI: 10.2527/jas1984.581174x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Effects of heat stress during the last third of gestation on reproductive changes postpartum were studied in Holstein cows. Cows and heifers 160 to 190 d of gestation were assigned in June 1978 to shade (n = seven cows and two heifers) or no shade (n = eight cows and two heifers) management treatments. After parturition, all cows (n = 19) were moved to the milking herd and managed uniformly. On the day of calving and on each Monday, Wednesday and Friday thereafter until d 50 postpartum, jugular blood samples were collected. Beginning approximately 7 d postpartum, the reproductive tract of each cow was examined rectally after collection of blood samples. Estrus was monitored twice daily and cows were inseminated after d 45 postpartum. Prepartum heat stress increased 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) concentrations postpartum and increased the rate of uterine involution. Regardless of prepartum treatment, progesterone concentrations indicated that luteal phases had begun by d 12.4 +/- 1.3 postpartum, which was about 3 d before PGFM was basal. The first luteal phase lasted only 10.7 +/- .9 d. First estrus was not detected until d 32.3 +/- 4.8 postpartum. The previously gravid uterine horn had a negative effect on ovarian volume, diameter of the largest follicle and percentage of ovaries with a corpus luteum. However, prepartum heat stress attenuated this effect. This study indicates that heat stress prepartum had residual effects on postpartum reproductive changes, and that the previously gravid uterine horn exerted some control, which was attenuated by heat stress, over ovarian recrudescense. Even though heat stress prepartum affected sensitive measures of postpartum reproductive function, it did not alter days to first estrus, days open (102.3 +/- 13.1) or services/conception (2.5 +/- .3).
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80
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Drost M, Wright JM, Cripe WS, Richter AR. Embryo transfer in water buffalo (). Theriogenology 1983; 20:579-84. [PMID: 16725875 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(83)90082-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/1983] [Accepted: 09/15/1983] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A normal, live 35-kg water buffalo bull calf was born 300 days after it was nonsurgically collected as a 7-day blastocyst from a water buffalo donor and transferred nonsurgically to an unrelated water buffalo recipient. The development of estrus synchronization, superovulation and estrus detection methods in water buffalo are described.
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81
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Drost M. Prostaglandins in animal reproduction. Theriogenology 1981; 16:373. [PMID: 16725648 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(81)90069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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82
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Hopkins SM, Larsen RE, Drost M. Unilateral castration as treatment for hydrocele in a bull. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1981; 178:837-8. [PMID: 7275781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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83
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Bartol FF, Thatcher WW, Lewis GS, Bliss EL, Drost M, Bazer FW. Effect of estradiol-17β on PGF and total protein content in bovine uterine flushings and peripheral plasma concentration of 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2α. Theriogenology 1981; 15:345-58. [PMID: 16725594 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(81)90002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/1980] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of estradiol-17beta (E(2)-17beta) on content of immunoreactive prostagladin F(2)alpha (PGF, ng) and total protein (TUP, mg) in uterine flushings, as well as concentrations of 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF(2)alpha (PGFM) in plasma (Pg/ml). In experiment 1, Holstein heifers were utilized in a single reversal trial in which either E(2)-17beta (3 mg in 2 ml saline/ethanol 50:50; n=5) or vehicle alone (n=6) were given intravenously on day 14 or 15 of the estrous cycle (Period 1) following an induced estrus (day of estrus = day 0). Treatment (Trt) groups were reversed in Period 2 (Day 14 or 15 of the second estrous cycle). Jugular venous plasma was obtained before treatment (Oh), and at 5, 6, and 9h posttreatment (PT). Uterine flushings were collected nonsurgically in vivo , per cervix, via Foley catheter at 6h PT (20 ml of .9% saline per uterine horn). E(2)-17beta did not significantly alter (E(2)-17beta vs vehicle; x(-) +/- S.E.M.) PGF (1674 +/- .11 +/- 338.39 vs 1889.91 +/- 400.24 ng; P> .10) or TUP (33.25 +/- 2.57 vs 39.16 +/- 3.04 mg; P > .10). However, E(2)-17beta increased (P < .05) plasma PGFM (E(2)-17beta vs vehicle) after treatment (0h, 113.2 vs 163.8; 5h, 312.5 vs 203.9; 6h, 324.5 vs 198.0; 9h, 323.2 vs 246.8, pg/ml). In experiment 2, crossbred beef cattle received comparable treatments of either E(2)-17beta (n=5) or vehicle (n=5) on day 14 or 15 postestrus. Jugular venous plasma was obtained at 0h PT, and at 6h PT. Uterine flushings (1.9% saline, 20 ml per uterine horn) and peripheral plasma were collected at slaughter. Estradiol-17beta increased PGF (30.07 +/- 5.94 vs 8.46 +/- 2.01 ng; P> <.05) in uterine flushings as well as PGFM in plasma (E(2)-17beta : 55.82 +/- 19.13 pg/ml, at 0h and 89.31 +/- 14.02 pg/ml, at 6h, vs saline: 103.46 +/- 50.73 pg/ml, at 0h and 17.78 +/- 14.22, at 6h). Estradiol-17beta stimulated uterine production and release of PGF and protein as measured in flushings (experiment 2) as well as plasma PGFM responses (experiments 1 and 2). Uterine and/or cervical stimulation of experiment 1 may have masked uterine response to E(2)-17beta.
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84
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Anderson GB, Cupps PT, Drost M. Induction of twins in cattle with bilateral and unilateral embryo transfer. J Anim Sci 1979; 49:1037-42. [PMID: 541284 DOI: 10.2527/jas1979.4941037x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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85
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86
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Miller HV, Drost M. Failure to cause abortion in cows with intravenous sodium iodide treatment. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1978; 172:466. [PMID: 624668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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87
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Anderson GB, Cupps PT, Drost M, Horton MB, Wright RW. Induction of Twinning in Beef Heifers by Bilateral Embryo Transfer. J Anim Sci 1978. [DOI: 10.2527/jas1978.462449x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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88
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Cupps P, Anderson G, Drost M, Darien B, Horton M. Synchronization of estrus in cattle for embryo transfer. Theriogenology 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(77)90228-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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89
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90
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Brand A, Drost M, Aarts M, Gunnink J. A device for nonsurgical transfer of bovine embryos and its effect on uterine contamination. Theriogenology 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(76)90118-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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91
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Wright RW, Anderson GB, Cupps PT, Drost M. Blastocyst expansion and hatching of bovine ova cultured in vitro. J Anim Sci 1976; 43:170-4. [PMID: 939723 DOI: 10.2527/jas1976.431170x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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92
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McDonald TJ, Foote RH, Drost M, Lu L, Patrascu M, Hall CE. Preparation of teaser bulls and steriods-implanted steers and their effectiveness in detecting estrus. Theriogenology 1976; 6:51-60. [PMID: 976588 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(76)90188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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93
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Wright RW, Anderson GB, Cupps PT, Drost M, Bradford GE. In vitro culture of embryos from adult and prepuberal ewes. J Anim Sci 1976; 42:912-7. [PMID: 1262289 DOI: 10.2527/jas1976.424912x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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94
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Wright RW, Anderson GB, Cupps PT, Drost M. Successful culture in vitro of bovine embryos to the blastocyst stage. Biol Reprod 1976; 14:157-62. [PMID: 1260086 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod14.2.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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95
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Drost M, Anderson GB, Cupps PT, Horton MB, Warner PV, Wright RW. A field study on embryo transfer in cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1975; 166:1176-9. [PMID: 1141035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-five 4-day-old embryos were surgically collected from 5 Fleckvieh and 3 Gelbviehheifers. The embryos were transported by air on the same day to a distant rach where 34 embryos were surgically transferred via the flank into recipient cows. Nineteen recipient cows were diagnosed pregnant at approximately 50 days.
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96
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97
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Lamond DR, Tomlinson RV, Drost M, Henricks DM, Jöchle W. Studies of prostaglandin F2 in the cow. PROSTAGLANDINS 1973; 4:269-84. [PMID: 4729614 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(73)90045-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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98
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Lamond DR, Drost M. The counter-current transfer of prostaglandin in the ewe. PROSTAGLANDINS 1973; 3:691-702. [PMID: 4738127 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(73)90104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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99
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Abstract
SUMMARY
Chronic foetal—maternal cortisol interrelationships were studied in five time-dated pregnant ewes. Serial blood samples were obtained from ewe and foetus simultaneously for several weeks before and including parturition. Plasma cortisol was measured by both fluorometry and isotopic competitive protein binding. The data indicate that maternal cortisol levels are slightly higher than those in the foetus during the latter part of gestation until approximately 1 week before parturition. During the last week of gestation, especially 4–5 days before delivery, a marked increase in foetal cortisol levels was noted. Administration of amino-glutethimide to the foetus 1 week before delivery did not alter cortisol levels in either foetus or ewe. The results suggest that parturition in sheep is a culmination of events initiated by active foetal adrenocortical secretion.
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100
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Osburn BI, Drost M, Stabenfeldt GH. Response of fetal adrenal cortex to congenital infections. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1972; 114:622-7. [PMID: 4673970 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(72)90839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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