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Wang ML, Belmonte S, Kim U, Dolan M, Morris JW, Goodman HM. A cluster of ABA-regulated genes on Arabidopsis thaliana BAC T07M07. Genome Res 1999; 9:325-33. [PMID: 10207155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana BAC T07M07 encoding the abscisic acid-insensitive 4 (ABI4) locus has been sequenced completely. It contains a 95,713-bp insert and 24 predicted genes. Most putative genes were confirmed by gel-based RNA profiling and a cluster of ABA-regulated genes was identified. One of the 24 genes, designated PP2C5, encodes a putative protein phosphatase 2C. The encoded protein was expressed in Escherichia coli, and its enzyme activity in vitro was confirmed.
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153
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Wu TN, Tsai SF, Li SF, Lee TF, Huang TM, Wang ML, Hsu KH, Shen CY. Sentinel surveillance for enterovirus 71, Taiwan, 1998. Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 5:458-60. [PMID: 10341187 PMCID: PMC2640775 DOI: 10.3201/eid0503.990321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of enterovirus 71 have been reported around the world since 1969. The most recent outbreak occurred in Taiwan during April-July 1998. This hand, foot, and mouth disease epidemic was detected by a sentinel surveillance system in April at the beginning of the outbreak, and the public was alerted.
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Jackson SA, Wang ML, Goodman HM, Jiang J. Application of fiber-FISH in physical mapping of Arabidopsis thaliana. Genome 1998; 41:566-72. [PMID: 9796106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana has become a model plant species for genetic studies because of its small genome and short juvenility period. However, the small chromosomes of this species are not suitable for classical cytogenetic studies. Here we demonstrate that the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique using extended DNA fibers can be a powerful tool in the physical mapping of the A. thaliana genome. Using a refined fiber-FISH technique we were able to measure DNA clusters as long as 1.71 Mb, more than 1% of the A. thaliana genome. Several small DNA loci, including the telomeres and a dispersed repetititve DNA sequence, mi167, were also analyzed with this technique. The results show that without known adjacent DNA markers such small DNA loci cannot be mapped precisely using fiber-FISH. One of the most difficult obstacles in physical mapping by contig assembly is closing the gaps that are present between adjacent contigs. Currently available molecular techniques are not sufficient to accurately estimate the physical sizes of these gaps. We isolated bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones bordering gaps 2 and 3 on the physical contig map of A. thaliana chromosome II. The BAC clones were used in fiber-FISH analysis and the physical sizes of the two gaps were estimated as 31 kb and more than 500 kb, respectively. Thus, we have demonstrated that fiber-FISH is an efficient technique for determining the physical size of gaps on molecular contig maps.
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Finkelstein RR, Wang ML, Lynch TJ, Rao S, Goodman HM. The Arabidopsis abscisic acid response locus ABI4 encodes an APETALA 2 domain protein. THE PLANT CELL 1998; 10:1043-54. [PMID: 9634591 PMCID: PMC144030 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.10.6.1043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 462] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis abscisic acid (ABA)-insensitive abi4 mutants have pleiotropic defects in seed development, including decreased sensitivity to ABA inhibition of germination and altered seed-specific gene expression. This phenotype is consistent with a role for ABI4 in regulating seed responses to ABA and/or seed-specific signals. We isolated the ABI4 gene by positional cloning and confirmed its identity by complementation analysis. The predicted protein product shows homology to a plant-specific family of transcriptional regulators characterized by a conserved DNA binding domain, the APETALA 2 domain. The single mutant allele identified has a single base pair deletion, resulting in a frameshift that should disrupt the C-terminal half of the protein but leave the presumed DNA binding domain intact. Expression analyses showed that despite the seed-specific nature of the mutant phenotype, ABI4 expression is not seed specific.
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Finkelstein RR, Wang ML, Lynch TJ, Rao S, Goodman HM. The Arabidopsis abscisic acid response locus ABI4 encodes an APETALA 2 domain protein. THE PLANT CELL 1998; 10:1043-1054. [PMID: 9634591 DOI: 10.2307/3870689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis abscisic acid (ABA)-insensitive abi4 mutants have pleiotropic defects in seed development, including decreased sensitivity to ABA inhibition of germination and altered seed-specific gene expression. This phenotype is consistent with a role for ABI4 in regulating seed responses to ABA and/or seed-specific signals. We isolated the ABI4 gene by positional cloning and confirmed its identity by complementation analysis. The predicted protein product shows homology to a plant-specific family of transcriptional regulators characterized by a conserved DNA binding domain, the APETALA 2 domain. The single mutant allele identified has a single base pair deletion, resulting in a frameshift that should disrupt the C-terminal half of the protein but leave the presumed DNA binding domain intact. Expression analyses showed that despite the seed-specific nature of the mutant phenotype, ABI4 expression is not seed specific.
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Hodgins P, Henneberger PK, Wang ML, Petsonk EL. Bronchial responsiveness and five-year FEV1 decline: a study in miners and nonminers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157:1390-6. [PMID: 9603113 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.157.5.9701123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased nonspecific bronchial responsiveness (NSBR) may be a risk factor for the development of chronic airflow obstruction. We evaluated this hypothesis in a cohort of 378 underground coal miners and working nonminers. Methacholine testing was performed at the beginning and end of a 5-yr study period. Spirometry was repeated at 6-mo intervals and individual 5-yr FEV1 slopes were calculated by linear regression. Relationships between FEV1 slopes and NSBR were examined using multiple linear regression models, controlling for FEV1 level, smoking, and mining. Increasing NSBR at the initial survey was associated with a somewhat greater rate of subsequent FEV1 decline. Methacholine responders at the final survey had a considerably increased rate of decline during the previous years. Responsiveness status changed over the 5 yr in 22% of the subjects. Both the development and persistence of increased NSBR were strongly associated with higher rates of FEV1 decline. In contrast, FEV1 declines were not accelerated among workers with increased NSBR that reverted to normal. Smoking and mining were both independently associated with FEV1 declines, but did not substantially modify the effect of NSBR. Due to its variability over time, NSBR testing predicts lung function decline only in some individuals, and its value as a prognostic test for chronic airway disorders is limited. Because improvement in bronchial hyperresponsiveness was associated with a reduction in the rate of FEV1 loss, interventions directed at preventing or reducing nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness should be investigated.
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Dunlosky J, Domoto PK, Wang ML, Ishikawa T, Roberson I, Nelson TO, Ramsay DS. Inhalation of 30% nitrous oxide impairs people's learning without impairing people's judgments of what will be remembered. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 1998. [PMID: 9526148 DOI: 10.1037//1064-1297.6.1.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Many hypotheses have been proposed to account for the effects of nitrous oxide on memory, with one emerging possibility being that it has a global effect on memory-related functioning. This possibility was explored by examining the effects of nitrous oxide on memory performance and on the accuracy of people's judgments about their memory performance. Participants inhaled 30% nitrous oxide or a placebo gas while items were studied and while judgments were made about the likelihood of recall for each item. Next, all participants inhaled the placebo during paired-associate recall. Although administration of nitrous oxide during study impaired recall, it did not affect the predictive accuracy of the metacognitive judgments. These results provide pharmacological evidence for a distinction between memory and metamemory.
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Banks DE, Wang ML, Lapp NL. Respiratory health effects of opencast coalmining: a cross sectional study of current workers. Occup Environ Med 1998; 55:287-8. [PMID: 9624285 PMCID: PMC1757575 DOI: 10.1136/oem.55.4.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wang ML, Huang L, Bongard-Pierce DK, Belmonte S, Zachgo EA, Morris JW, Dolan M, Goodman HM. Construction of an approximately 2 Mb contig in the region around 80 cM of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 2. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1997; 12:711-730. [PMID: 9351255 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1997.00711.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A method for construction of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) contigs from a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) physical map is described. An approximately 2 Mb contig, consisting of two large BAC contigs linked by a small YAC, has been assembled in the region around 80 cM of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 2. Clones from this contig will facilitate gene isolation in the region and can be used directly as substrates for DNA sequencing.
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161
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Wang ML, Liao WB, Bullard MJ, Lin FC, Lin PJ, Chiang CW, Liaw SJ, Chiang CH. Cardiac tamponade in Taiwan. JAPANESE CIRCULATION JOURNAL 1997; 61:767-71. [PMID: 9293407 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.61.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We retrospectively reviewed all of the patients who were treated for cardiac tamponade at Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between January 1991 and December 1995. There were a total of 112 patients (57 males, 55 females) with a mean age of 51 +/- 14 years (53 +/- 15, 49 +/- 13, respectively). Dyspnea was the most common complaint (85%). The mean blood pressure was 129 +/- 24/78 +/- 17 mmHg, and only 8% had a systolic blood pressure of less than 90 mmHg. Sinus tachycardia was the most frequent electrocardiographic finding (72%, 62/86). Diffuse low voltage was noted in 35% (30/86) of the patients and electrical alternans was seen in 17% (15/86). The mean volume of pericardial effusion was 610 +/- 263 ml. Sixty-five percent of the pericardial effusions were bloody, 31% were serosanguineous, 2% were purulent and 2% were chylous. Overall, 54.5% of the patients had malignant diseases. Of the 61 patients who died, 79% had malignancies. Thirty-five (57%) of these 48 patients had lung cancer. The mean survival time from emergent pericardiocentesis was 3.4 months. In conclusion, non-traumatic cardiac tamponade had a poor prognosis because most patients had malignant etiologies. There is still no definitive treatment for recurrent malignant pericardial effusion-induced cardiac tamponade. Percutaneous pericardiocentesis as clinically required may be the most appropriate treatment, since it is questionable whether such subjects should be subjected to the unnecessary pain and suffering associated with an operative procedure, considering their short mean survival time.
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162
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Wang CW, Lai YM, Wang ML, Lee JD, Soong YK. Pregnancy after intracytoplasmic injection of immotile sperm. A case report. THE JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 1997; 42:448-50. [PMID: 9252938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the advent of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), fertilization and pregnancy have been reported in complete asthenozoospermia. The major problem with the use of immotile sperm for ICSI has been differentiating between live and dead sperm. We successfully selected live sperms with the hypoosmotic swelling test, and a twin pregnancy resulted after intracytoplasmic injection of completely immotile sperm. CASE A 32-year-old woman and her 36-year-old husband had had primary infertility for four years. Evaluation of the couple showed complete asthenozoospermia of the husband. Ovulation in the wife was successfully stimulated with clomiphene citrate, follicle-stimulating hormone and human menopausal gonadotropin. We selected the viable sperm with the hypoosmotic swelling test. ICSI was then performed. After assisted hatching, we transferred four embryos on the third day after oocyte retrieval. Intrauterine twin pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasonography four weeks later. The healthy infants, free of anomalies, were born on the 36th gestational week. CONCLUSION The hypoosmotic swelling test is a simple method of selecting immotile and viable sperm for use in ICSI.
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163
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Wang ML, McCabe L, Petsonk EL, Hankinson JL, Banks DE. Weight gain and longitudinal changes in lung function in steel workers. Chest 1997; 111:1526-32. [PMID: 9187168 DOI: 10.1378/chest.111.6.1526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Associations among dust exposure, smoking habits, and demographic factors and longitudinal changes of lung function were assessed among male steel workers. Cohort descriptive data analysis was conducted in 541 steel workers who had performed spirometry at least twice between 1982 and 1991 (mean follow-up, 6.1 years). The annual change (slope) in FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC%, and in body weight was determined by simple linear regression. The Pearson correlation coefficient between weight change and spirometry changes was calculated. Comparisons were also done in 75 pairs of steel workers matched by age, height, initial FEV1, and smoking status, but whose FEV1 declines differed by > or = 60 mL/yr. The FEV1 and FVC declined an average of 44 and 50 mL/yr, respectively, for the cohort as a whole. The FEV1 and FVC declined 52 and 54 mL/yr for current smokers, 43 and 53 mL/yr for ex-smokers, and 36 and 43 mL/yr for nonsmokers, respectively. Increasing weight was highly correlated with accelerated decline in lung function (p<0.0001). In the matched pairs, mean slopes for FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC ratio were -96 mL/yr, -95 mL/yr, and -0.40%/yr for the rapid decliners; and +5 mL/yr, +10 mL/yr, and +0.10%/yr for their partners (p<0.0001). Matched pair comparisons showed that the rapid decliners averaged a 4.313 kg weight gain, while their partners gained 1.044 kg during the follow-up period. The slope of weight gain was 0.708 kg/yr for rapid decliners and 0.191 kg/yr for comparison workers (p<0.0036). Weight gain, in addition to aging and cigarette smoking, was found to be associated with the longitudinal rate of decline in FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC ratio.
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Song JZ, Wu XJ, Sun ZP, Tian SJ, Wang ML, Wang RL. Determination of thiamphenicol in human plasma by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1997; 692:445-51. [PMID: 9188835 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A micellar electrokinetic chromatographic method is described for the determination of thiamphenicol in human plasma. The plasma sample was basified by adding K2HPO4 and was then extracted with ethyl acetate. After the solvent was evaporated, the residue was reconstituted in water. Approximately 40 nl of the solution were injected hydrodynamically. The running buffer was 20 mM borate (pH 9.2) containing 40 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate and 10% acetonitrile. The applied voltage was 18 kV and the detector wavelength was set at 195 nm. On-column sample stacking was achieved during the analysis to enhance the sensitivity; the limit of quantitation was 0.1 microg/ml. Linearity was over the range of 0.2 to 10 microg/ml. Recovery was 93.7+/-3.3%, the intra-day precision and accuracy was 99.6+/-2.8%; the inter-day precision and accuracy was 98.4+/-3.4%. The concentration of thiamphenicol in human plasma from eight volunteers was measured after administering thiamphenicol capsules orally.
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Schwarzacher T, Wang ML, Leitch AR, Moore G, Heslop-Harrison JS, Miller N. Flow cytometric analysis of the chromosomes and stability of a wheat cell-culture line. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1997; 94:91-7. [PMID: 19352750 DOI: 10.1007/s001220050386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/1996] [Revised: 05/24/1996] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A rapidly growing, long-term suspension culture derived from Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) was synchronized using hydroxyurea and colchicine, and a chromosome suspension with 2-3 x 10(6) chromosomes ml(-1) was made. After staining with the DNA-specific fluorochromes Hoechst 33258 and Chromomycin A(3), univariate and bivariate flow-cytometry histograms showed 15 clearly resolved peaks corresponding to individual chromosome types or groups of chromosomes with similar DNA contents. The flow karyotype was closely similar to a histogram of DNA content measurements of Feulgen-stained chromosomes made by microdensitometry. We were able to show the stability of the flow karyotype of the cell line over a year, while a parallel subculture had a slightly different, stable, karyotype following different growth conditions. The data indicate that flow cytometric analysis of plant karyotypes enables accurate, statistically precise chromosome classification and karyotyping of cereals. There was little overlap between individual flow-histogram peaks, so the method is useful for flow sorting and the construction of chromosome specific-recombinant DNA libraries. Using bivariate analysis, the AT:GC ratio of all the chromosomes was remarkably similar, in striking contrast to mammalian flow karyotypes. We speculate about a fundamental difference in organization and homogenization of DNA sequences between chromosomes within mammalian and plant genomes.
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Chen CS, Chu SH, Lai YM, Wang ML, Chan PR. Reconsideration of testicular biopsy and follicle-stimulating hormone measurement in the era of intracytoplasmic sperm injection for non-obstructive azoospermia? Hum Reprod 1996; 11:2176-9. [PMID: 8943525 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the possibility of finding motile spermatozoa and spermatids in patients with high serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and spermatogenetic disorders proven by pathology, 100 cases of male infertility were reviewed. Of these, 71 patients were found to have non-obstructive azoospermia or severe primary spermatogenetic disorders, and 20 had obstructive azoospermia. A prospective study of the most recent 51 cases was conducted. Multiple testicular tissue biopsies were examined by a pathologist and a well-trained gynaecological technician. The findings of spermatozoa, spermatids and serum FSH concentrations were compared among six different histological groups. It was concluded that 51.2% of the non-obstructive azoospermic and failed spermatogenetic patients had spermatids and even motile 'shaking' spermatozoa and should be re-evaluated. In the non-obstructive azoospermic patients here, almost all the motile spermatozoa and spermatids were found in patients with a serum FSH concentration of < 30 mIU/ml. It is suggested that a testicular biopsy should be conducted in every case of non-obstructive azoospermia and spermatogenetic disorder, even in those patients with elevated serum FSH concentrations.
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Lai YM, Chang MY, Chang FH, Lee CL, Lee JD, Chang SY, Huang HY, Wang ML, Chan PJ, Soong YK. The effects of Vero cell co-culture on human zygotes resulting from in vitro fertilization and oocytes following subzonal insemination. CHANGGENG YI XUE ZA ZHI 1996; 19:203-10. [PMID: 8921636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A variety of co-culture systems have been devised to enhance the human embryo development in vitro. Vero cells were selected because they can be highly controlled and are easy to handle. To evaluate the embryotrophic effects of Vero cell monolayers, when they were co-cultured with human in vitro fertilized zygotes or subzonal inseminated oocytes. Total 1695 two-pronuclear embryos resulting from in vitro fertilization were cultured with Vero cells or medium alone for 24 hours. Similarly, sixty-six two-pronuclear embryos resulted from subzonal insertion of sperm (SUZI) with co-culture starting immediately following SUZI were compared with fifty-two two-pronuclear embryos resulted from SUZI, without co-culture. The numbers of blastomere and morphology of embryos were compared between the co-culture group and control group using student's t-test. Cell numbers in each embryo were greater in the IVF/co-culture group than in the control group (4.01 +/- 1.32 vs. 3.86 +/- 1.45, p < 0.05). The rates of poor quality embryo with major fragmentation were lower in the co-culture group than in the control group(11.5% vs. 19.9%, p < 0.001, for IVF embryos; 9% vs. 27%, p < 0.005, for SUZI oocytes). Co-culture SUZI oocytes on Vero cells prior to fertilization did not positively influence embryo cleavage, but improved embryo quality. We conclude that Vero cells can enhance human embryo development; however, the period for one-day or two-day co-culture is too short to provide a maximal support. Short term co-culture did not increase implantation rates. Immediate co-culture following SUZI might somewhat rescue the microinseminated oocytes. However, a longer duration of co-culture is necessary to exert the maximal effects on embryo development and implantation.
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Wang ML, McCabe L, Hankinson JL, Shamssain MH, Gunel E, Lapp NL, Banks DE. Longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses of lung function in steelworkers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153:1907-13. [PMID: 8665054 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.153.6.8665054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated associations between dust exposure, demographic factors, and lung function by longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses in 475 steelworkers who participated in at least three spirometry tests over 5 yr between 1982 and 1991. Baseline and follow-up spirometry and changes between baseline and final follow-up assessment attributable to age, height, weight, weight gain, smoking status, pack-years, and years worked in dusty areas were examined using stepwise multiple linear regression techniques. Smoking, aging, being overweight, excessive weight gain, and dust exposure were related to a lower level and a steeper slope of decline of pulmonary function. Cigarette smoking was also an important risk factor. Dust exposure was related to the level of lung function, with a stronger effect at baseline than at follow-up. Estimated loss at baseline of FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC% was 9.3, 6.4 ml, and 0.1 % per year of employment in a dusty area, respectively, whereas the association between dust exposure and longitudinal decline of lung function was weak. However, a strong relationship between weight gain and longitudinal decline of FEV1 and FVC was found. Estimated decreases in FEV1 and FVC attributable to weight gain were 4.7 and 6.3 ml per lb/yr, respectively. This work suggests that weight gain is an important determinant for longitudinal lung function decline. This large impact of weight gain in the decline of lung function in a middle-age and relatively overweight working population has not been previously reported. Additional work needs to be undertaken to show the strength of this relationship in other populations.
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Lai YM, Chang FH, Lee CL, Lee JD, Huang HY, Wang ML, Chan PJ, Chang MY, Soong YK. Coculture of human spermatozoa with reproductive tract cell monolayers can enhance sperm functions better than coculture with Vero cell monolayers. J Assist Reprod Genet 1996; 13:417-22. [PMID: 8739059 DOI: 10.1007/bf02066175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to develop a better system for support of human sperm function in vitro, we conducted studies to evaluate whether reproductive tract cells are better than non-reproductive tract cells as an adjunt in that regard. METHODS Human spermatozoa were cocultured with Vero cells, with human oviduct cells and endometrial cells, and without cells (control) for either 1, 4, or 24 hr. Sperm motility was then analyzed with a computer-aided sperm analyzer (CASA-Hamiliton Thron, HTM IVOS Motility Analyzer). Aliquots of spermatozoa incubated for 24 hr were also stained with Hoechst 33258 and FITC-PNA to evaluate the status of acrosome in live cells. RESULTS Significant differences (P < 0.05) between the oviduct cell and the control groups after 24 hr were evident in the curvilinear velocity (VCL) (81.4 +/- 13.4 vs 60.0 +/- 14.1 microns/sec) and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) (5.2 +/- 0.6 vs 4.1 +/- 0.5 microns). The incidence of acrosome reaction of live sperm was significantly higher in the endometrial cell group than in the controls (25.4 +/- 9.9 vs 6.6 +/- 2.4%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Coculture with human reproductive tract cells seems to improve some functional parameters of human spermatozoa. Coincubation with such cell lines, especially oviduct cells, might be a feasible approach to optimization of human spermatozoa for assisted fertilization using subfertile or frozen-thawed samples. We think coincubating human spermatozoa with a human reproductive tract cell line, especially oviduct cells, might be a feasible approach in preparing human spermatozoa for assisted fertilizatioin in subfertile and frozen-thawed semen samples.
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Banks DE, Wang ML, McCabe L, Billie M, Hankinson J. Improvement in lung function measurements using a flow spirometer that emphasizes computer assessment of test quality. J Occup Environ Med 1996; 38:279-83. [PMID: 8882100 DOI: 10.1097/00043764-199603000-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We compared retrospective measurements of lung function from 101 steel workers using a commercially available spirometer to prospective lung function measurements performed, on average, 1.3 years later, with a newly developed spirometer. This spirometer was designed and developed to incorporate technology that provides immediate feedback on the quantitative and qualitative aspects of each forced expiratory effort. Of the 101 workers, 82 who had spirometry performed with each spirometer had at least two acceptable curves, and 51 workers tested with each spirometer had curves that met all American Thoracic Society (ATS) criteria for spirometry. No group showed the anticipated decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) over time. The results showed an increased number of curves meeting ATS acceptability and reproducibility criteria, and a statistically significant increase in the FVC in all groups, and an increase in the FEV1 in the group encompassing all workers. Use of technology that strengthens the interaction between the spirometry technician, the data available to the technician on the computer, and the participant appears to represent true underlying lung function more accurately. Such an approach to the collection of lung function data should be considered by those evaluating spirometers for implementation in the workplace or pulmonary function laboratory as well as by those planning future spirometer development.
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Chang MY, Soong YK, Wang ML. Preimplantation diagnosis of alpha-thalassemia by blastomere aspiration and polymerase chain reaction: preliminary experience. J Formos Med Assoc 1996; 95:203-8. [PMID: 8857251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The ability to diagnose and detect the presence of debilitating and life-threatening diseases would be an invaluable asset to those involved in in vitro fertilization programs. To investigate the possibility of diagnosing severe alpha-thalassemia before implantation, DNA sequences targeting the abnormal deletion breakpoint and the normal region of the alpha-globin gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction from blastomeres aspirated from human preimplantation embryos. Before performing this experiment, a mouse model blastomere aspiration technique was examined to confirm embryo survival and normal development capability. The mouse embryos showed undisturbed development in the five- to seven-, as well as the eight-cell stages when one, or two (eight-cell stage only) blastomeres were aspirated. The four-cell embryos had a lower survival rate but had a blastocyst formation rate comparable to the more advanced stages and the control embryos. In the human embryo experiment, no homozygous Southeast Asian alpha-thalassemia was detected in the aspirated blastomeres, although two heterozygotic alpha-thalassemia embryos were discovered. The sensitivities of targeting sequence detection in the mouse and human blastomeres were between 50% and 76% in the respective groups. This study supports the feasibility of preimplantation diagnosis of severe alpha-thalassemia when both father and mother are carriers of this inheritable disease.
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Chen TW, Huang TP, Liu MC, Wang ML. The removal index for evaluation of dialysis. Perit Dial Int 1996; 16:128-34. [PMID: 9147545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To find an index of adequacy that takes into consideration the effect of the decreasing concentration of urea nitrogen in hemodialysis (HD) and can be used before treatments to quantitate the prescriptions with the same criterion for both HD and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). DESIGN The removal index was obtained through mathematical theories and then compared with the urea index (KT/V) values of the sample patients. PATIENTS Thirty-two HD and 21 CAPD patients were included. All patients were dialyzed with optimal urea index values and had been stable for at least one year. RESULTS The removal index in HD (xi HD) for each dialysis was O.62 +/- 0.07, and the normalized removal index in CAPD (xi CAPD) was 0.59 +/- 0.11. There was no statistical significance. This result is consistent with the fact that no difference of morbidity or mortality exists between these two modalities. CONCLUSION After mathematical manipulation, the removal index in HD can be presented in the form of the urea reduction ratio, which is a retrospective measure to estimate the performance of hemodialysis. This study implies that the removal index is able to facilitate the prescriptions for adequate dialysis. The removal index can also be used to explain the reason why the urea index values are always larger in HD than in CAPD.
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174
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Chen HW, Lii CK, Chen WT, Wang ML, Ou CC. Blood pressure-lowering effect of fish oil is independent of thromboxane A2 level in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1996; 54:147-54. [PMID: 8848434 DOI: 10.1016/s0952-3278(96)90072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Whether the alterations in the synthesis of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is the direct mechanism underlying the blood pressure-lowering effect of fish oil was investigated in this study. Six groups of 11 male spontaneously hypertensive rats were fed semipurified diets containing corn or fish oils and graded levels (50, 5000 or 15,000 ppm) of dietary vitamin E for 8 weeks. Plasma TXA2, assayed by RIA, was significantly greater in the corn oil group than in the fish oil group (P < 0.05). Compared to 50 ppm dietary vitamin E, 5000 and 15 000 ppm dietary vitamin E, respectively, significantly decreased plasma TXA2 (P < 0.05). Systolic, mean or diastolic blood pressure, evaluated by the tail cuff method, were significantly higher in the corn oil group than in the fish oil group (P < 0.05). However, vitamin E had no effect on blood pressure. No relationship between TXA2 and blood pressure was found. Experimental results indicated that the alterations in the synthesis of TXA2 were not the direct antihypertensive effect of fish oil.
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175
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Zachgo EA, Wang ML, Dewdney J, Bouchez D, Camilleri C, Belmonte S, Huang L, Dolan M, Goodman HM. A physical map of chromosome 2 of Arabidopsis thaliana. Genome Res 1996; 6:19-25. [PMID: 8681135 DOI: 10.1101/gr.6.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) physical map of chromosome 2 of Arabidopsis thaliana has been constructed by hybridization of 69 DNA markers and 61 YAC end probes to gridded arrays of YAC clones. Thirty-four YACs in four contigs define the chromosome. Complete closure of the map was not attained because some regions of the chromosome were repetitive or were not represented in the YAC library. Based on the sizes of the YACs and their coverage of the chromosome, the length of chromosome 2 is estimated to be at least 18 Mb. These data provide the means for immediately identifying the YACs containing a genetic locus mapped on Arabidopsis chromosome 2.
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Chen HW, Lii CD, Wang ML, Ou CC, Wang MF. Effects of vitamin E deficiency and dietary linoleate on serum thromboxane synthesis in male sprague-dawley rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1995; 53:405-11. [PMID: 8821121 DOI: 10.1016/0952-3278(95)90104-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine whether vitamin E deficiency and dietary linoleate had additive or synergistic effects on serum thromboxane (TX) status and therefore on thrombogenesis. Eight groups of five male weaning Sprague-Dawley rats were fed semipurified diets containing 3.5 or 18.4% of energy from linoleate (en% linoleate) and 0, 100, 5000, 15,000 ppm vitamin E for 8 weeks. Rats fed no vitamin E had the lowest serum vitamin E while rats fed 15,000 ppm vitamin E had the highest serum vitamin E (p < 0.05). Serum 18:2, n-6 (linoleic acid; LA) and 20:4, n-6 (arachidonic acid; AA) were significantly greater in the 18.4 en% linoleate group than in the 3.5 en% linoleate group (p < 0.05). Serum TXA2, measured as its stable metabolite TXB2, was significantly greater in the vitamin E-deficient rats than in the vitamin E-adequate and vitamin E-supplemented rats (p < 0.05). Serum lipid peroxidation, measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), was significantly greater in the 0 and 100 ppm vitamin E groups than in the 5000 and 15,000 ppm vitamin E groups (p < 0.05). No interaction between dietary linoleate and vitamin E deficiency on serum TX status was found. However, it seemed that vitamin E deficiency had a more potent effect on TX synthesis than dietary linoleate. The result suggested that vitamin E deficiency may be prothrombogenic via its effect on TX synthesis.
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177
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Petsonk EL, Daniloff EM, Mannino DM, Wang ML, Short SR, Wagner GR. Airway responsiveness and job selection: a study in coal miners and non-mining controls. Occup Environ Med 1995; 52:745-9. [PMID: 8535494 PMCID: PMC1128355 DOI: 10.1136/oem.52.11.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that health related job selection is a major cause of the healthy worker effect, and may result in inaccurate estimates of health risks of exposures in the working environment. Improved understanding of self selection, including the role of airway hyperresponsiveness, should improve accuracy in estimating occupational risks. METHODS We evaluated symptoms of the respiratory tract, lung function, occupational and smoking histories, and airway responsiveness from a cross sectional survey of 478 underground bituminous coal miners and non-mining controls. Workers with abnormal spirometry were excluded from methacholine testing. RESULTS Methacholine responsiveness (> or = 15% decline in forced expiratory volume in one second) was associated in both miners and controls with reduced ventilatory lung function and an increased risk of respiratory symptoms. Miners with the longest duration of work at the coal face had a low prevalence of methacholine responsiveness, compared with miners who had never worked at the coal face (12% v 39%, P < 0.01). Throughout their mining careers, miners who responded to methacholine were consistently less likely to have worked in dusty jobs than miners who did not respond to methacholine. CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence that workers who are employed in dusty jobs are less likely than their unexposed coworkers to show increased non-specific airway responsiveness, presumably as a result of health related job selection. Surveys of workers in which responsiveness data are unavailable may underestimate the effects of dust exposure on respiratory health.
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178
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Yang SY, Zhang S, Wang ML. Clinical significance of admission hyperglycemia and factors related to it in patients with acute severe head injury. SURGICAL NEUROLOGY 1995; 44:373-7. [PMID: 8553258 DOI: 10.1016/0090-3019(96)80243-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients in the acute stage after a severe head injury often exhibit systemic stress responses. The aim of the present study is to assess in such patients the clinical significance of the change of catecholamines (CA) and of blood glucose. METHODS The levels of serum of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), and dopamine (DA) were measured in 48 adults in the first 7 days after a severe head injury, and in 35 normal adults as a control group. The blood level of glucose at the time of admission was also measured. RESULTS It was found that: (1) The serum CA level was significantly higher in the injured group than in controls. (2) The serum NE and E levels were higher in patients with lower Glasgow Coma Scores (GCS) and in the group of patients who did not survive. (3) The blood glucose level on admission was related both to the serum NE and E levels within the first 24 hours after head injury (r = 0.574, p < 0.05 and r = 0.410 and p < 0.05, respectively) and also the GCS and Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) in these patients. (4) Patients with GCS of 3-4, 5-6, and 7-8 had mean glucose levels on admission of 12.805 +/- 3.205 mmol/L (228 +/- 67.23 mg/100 mL), 9.133 +/- 1.228 mmol/L, (160 +/- 12.28 mg/100 mL) and 6.029 +/- 1.228 mmol/L (107.66 +/- 21.9 mg/100 mL), respectively (p < 0.01). (5) Ninety percent of the patients with blood glucose levels of 9.6 mmol/L (171.4 mg/100 mL) at admission died within the first month; in the patients with lower glucose levels the mortality was 15%. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that in the acute stage of severe head injury hyperglycemia and elevation of serum levels of CA are common components of the stress response, significant indicators of severity, and significant predictors of outcome.
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Shen TC, Wang ML. A new method for the preparation of polymeric porous layer open tubular columns for GC application. THE JOURNAL OF MICROCOLUMN SEPARATIONS : JMS 1995; 7:471-5. [PMID: 11543387 DOI: 10.1002/mcs.1220070506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A new method to prepare polymeric PLOT columns by using in situ polymerization technology is described. The method involves a straightforward in situ polymerization of the monomer. The polymer produced is directly coated on the metal tubing. This eliminates many of the steps needed in conventional polymeric PLOT column preparation. Our method is easy to operate and produces very reproducible columns, as shown previously (T. C. Shen. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 30, 239, 1992). The effects of solvents, tubing pretreatments, initiators and reaction temperatures in the preparation of PLOT columns are studied. Several columns have been developed to separate (1) highly polar compounds, such as water and ammonia or water and HCN, and (2) hydrocarbons and inert gases. A recent improvement has allowed us to produce bonded polymeric PLOT columns. These were studied, and the results are included also.
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180
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Chou CK, Chen LT, Sheu RS, Yang CW, Wang ML, Jaw TS, Liu GC. MRI manifestations of gastrointestinal lymphoma. ABDOMINAL IMAGING 1994; 19:495-500. [PMID: 7820018 DOI: 10.1007/bf00198248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic resonance (MR) images of 11 cases of gastrointestinal lymphoma are presented. The findings include irregularly thickened mucosal folds, irregular submucosal infiltration, annular constricting lesion, exophytic tumor growth, mesenteric masses, and mesenteric/retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. The tumors were homogeneous and intermediate in signal intensity on T1-weighted images. Heterogeneously increased signal intensities were noted on T2-weighted images. There was mild to moderate enhancement after intravenous administration of gadolinium dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA). The submucosal tumor infiltration might be outlined between the strongly GD-DTPA-enhanced mucosa and the low-intensity muscular layer. In one case that received tumor resection, the pathological examination showed destruction of most parts of the muscular layer, and the MR images did not disclose the low-intensity muscular zone.
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181
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Chou CK, Sheu RS, Yang CW, Wang ML, Chen LT. Abdominal pseudotumors and simulated lymphadenopathy in MRI: differential features with the use of retrograde air insufflation. ABDOMINAL IMAGING 1994; 19:503-6. [PMID: 7820020 DOI: 10.1007/bf00198250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the contribution of retrograde air insufflation in decreasing the occurrence of pseudotumor appearance and mimicked lymphadenopathy due to nonair-distended bowel loops, we retrospectively compared two groups of magnetic resonance (MR) examinations. In the group receiving retrograde air insufflation, 10.8% (67 of 619) of images showed a tumor-like lesion due to nonair-distended bowel loop(s), whereas in the group not receiving air introduction, a tumor-like lesion was simulated in 45.6% (140 of 307) of images. Furthermore, a collapsed bowel loop(s) mimicking an enlarged lymph node close to the aorta, inferior vena cava, or bilateral iliac vessels was found in 9.5% (24 of 252) of images of the latter group, in contrast to only 1.8% (9 of 505) of images of the former group. This study shows that retrograde air insufflation greatly reduces the occurrence of pseudotumor appearance and false impression of paraaortic, paracaval, or parailiac lymphadenopathy secondary to nonair-distended bowel loop(s).
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182
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Lin GJ, Yang PH, Wang ML. Neonatal renal venous thrombosis--a case report describing serial sonographic changes. Pediatr Nephrol 1994; 8:589-91. [PMID: 7819008 DOI: 10.1007/bf00858135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal renal venous thrombosis (NRVT) is a serious complication of newborns. Ultrasound is most useful in detecting NRVT. However, there is no detailed description of the evolution of ultrasound finding in NRVT. Here we report a patient with NRVT with complete ultrasound follow-up. Perivascular streaks were first seen at 3 days of age with a diffusely enlarged and echogenic right kidney. Echolucency then gradually appeared over the medulla area with shrinking renal size. Concomitant loss of renal function was evidenced by dimercaptosuccinic acid scan. The kidney became contracted at the age of 1 year. Since the pathognomonic perivascular streaks were present for only a few days, early ultrasound scanning should be performed for every newborn suspected of having NRVT.
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183
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Chou CK, Chen LT, Sheu RS, Wang ML, Jaw TS, Liu GC. MRI manifestations of gastrointestinal wall thickening. ABDOMINAL IMAGING 1994; 19:389-94. [PMID: 7950809 DOI: 10.1007/bf00206921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of gastrointestinal wall thickening of various entities is demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The entities include benign gastric ulcer, gastric carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma with direct invasion of stomach, duodenal leiomyoma, radiation enteritis, peritonitis, colonic carcinoma, recurrent carcinoma at the gastrojejunal anastomosis with direct extension to the transverse colon, colocolic intussusception, sigmoid diverticulitis with pericolonic abscess and fistula into the urinary bladder, and lymphoma of the stomach, duodenum, small bowel, and colon. Air was introduced antegradedly or retrogradedly into the alimentary tract to act as a contrast agent. When the bowel was distended by air, the normal bowel wall was barely visible or even invisible. Abnormal focal or segmental wall thickening was outlined between the intraluminal air and extraluminal fat. In some instances, the thickenings were better demonstrated on coronal or sagittal sections. The proper muscular layer of the bowel has a low-signal intensity and was delineated between the thickened mucosa-submucosa and extramural fat. Interruption of this low-intensity zone might represent tumor invasion through the muscular layer.
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184
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Wu J, Wang ML, Xu Z, Qiu SL, Zhu JQ, Zhu DX. [The role of TNF-alpha in the growth and differentiation of U937 cells induced by PMA and IFN-gamma]. SHI YAN SHENG WU XUE BAO 1994; 27:307-13. [PMID: 7801724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of PMA and IFN-gamma on regulation of growth and differentiation of human monoblastic leukemic cell U937 were examined. U937 cells were stimulated by different concentrations of PMA and IFN-gamma respectively and NBT reduction assay was used to detect the differentiation of the cells. The results showed that both PMA and IFN-gamma dose-dependently induced differentiation of U937 cells into mature macrophage-like cells. The data also revealed a time-course response in the differentiation induction. Moreover, the U937 cell growth was significantly inhibited by the treatment of PMA and IFN-gamma. These results suggest that PMA and IFN-gamma coupled the regulation of U937 cell growth and differentiation. It was found that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was expressed by the stimulated U937 cells. The specific monoclonal antibody against TNF-alpha diminished the effects of PMA and IFN-gamma on the growth and differentiation of U937 cells. Thus the endogenous TNF-alpha may involved in the mechanism of the effects of PMA and IFN-gamma on the differentiation of U937 cells. The regulatory action of the endogenous TNF-alpha on U937 cells was not due to its cytotoxic effect.
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185
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Yang CW, Liu GC, Chen HY, Wang ML, Lin MB, Kuo YT. MR imaging of sports-related muscle injuries. GAOXIONG YI XUE KE XUE ZA ZHI = THE KAOHSIUNG JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 1994; 10:203-9. [PMID: 8007050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the thighs of 26 baseball athletes and one softball athlete were studied to evaluate muscle injuries. We documented the abnormalities present in MR imaging after a muscle injury and evaluated the role of MR imaging in muscle injuries. Fifteen of the athletes showed muscle abnormalities in MR images. These include muscle strains without tear, muscle tear, scar and chronic tendon injury. Having the advantages of high tissue contrast and multiplanar display capability, MR allowed direct visualization of the injured muscles and characterization of traumatic lesions. We conclude that MR could be a good imaging modality for evaluating muscle injuries.
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186
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Wang ML, Lin JL, Liaw SJ, Bullard MJ. Heroin lung: report of two cases. J Formos Med Assoc 1994; 93:170-2. [PMID: 7912590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heroin lung is the most frequent complication of heroin intoxication. In September 1991 and January 1993, two young men aged 19 and 22 years presented with a sudden loss of consciousness and cyanosis after injecting heroin. They were both brought to our emergency department in the night and were immediately intubated and given 100% oxygen. Following intravenous naloxone, they both regained consciousness. The first patient's chest X ray revealed increased bilateral perihilar lung markings and mild patchy alveolar edema while the second patient showed a bat's wing shaped confluent alveolar edema. The blood gases in both cases revealed hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Follow-up chest roentgenograms on the second hospital day in case 1 and the third hospital day in case 2 revealed partial clearing of the lung fields. Fever developed on the second hospital day and they both received two weeks of antibiotics prior to discharge. Case 1 had normal pulmonary function testing, but case 2 developed mild restrictive lung changes. Review of the literature shows that heroin can cause a fulminant but rapidly reversible form of pulmonary edema. The treatment for this noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is adequate ventilation, good pulmonary toilet, and naloxone to reverse the respiratory and central nervous system depression. Diuretics, digitalis and morphine are not recommended in the treatment of heroin lung.
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187
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Wang ML, Seiff SR, Halbach VV, Christenbury JD, Jaben SL. Total choroidal detachment complicating dural arteriovenous sinus fistula. OPHTHALMIC SURGERY 1993; 24:856-857. [PMID: 8115106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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188
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Wang ML, Seiff SR, Halbach VV, Christenbury JD, Jaben SL. Total Choroidal Detachment Complicating Dural Arteriovenous Sinus Fistula. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 1993. [DOI: 10.3928/1542-8877-19931201-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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189
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Hwang CL, Wang ML, Miao S. Proposed healing and consolidation mechanisms of rock salt revealed by ESEM. Microsc Res Tech 1993; 25:456-64. [PMID: 8400440 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.1070250517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The grain boundary healing behavior of crushed rock salt was mainly studied by employing the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) to study the consolidation mechanism of rock salt backfill. Dedicated miniature round rock salt specimens were prepared for observation of the water trapping effect by using a cold stage in the ESEM to reach saturation conditions. Comparable high pressure pellets were prepared for measuring the crystal growth. Consolidation tests using materials made at different pressures and containing different moisture levels were conducted in order to construct the proposed mechanism. Direct observation of specimens in the ESEM resulted in viewing water trapped on the surface and the formation of a water meniscus between two particles. The concentration of brine at the grain boundary was observed as contributing to the amount of recrystallization. From aforementioned observations, a schematic drawing of the dissolution and recrystallization process may be redrawn. The amount of water therefore has a great effect on the consolidation of rock salt and is possibly due to the sliding, rotation, or crushing of the contact zone of the granular material. From such a study, tentative healing and consolidation mechanisms can be deduced.
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190
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Soong YK, Lai YM, Chang SY, Wang ML, Chang MY, Lee CL. A successful pregnancy after subzonal insertion with epididymal sperm and coculture on Vero cell monolayer. Fertil Steril 1993; 59:1308-10. [PMID: 8495782 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A 26-year-old nulliparous woman conceived after transfer of three embryos cocultured on a Vero cell monolayer. The ET followed SUZI of epididymal sperm from her husband with congenital absence of vas deferens.
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191
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Lee SK, Wang ML, Su YG, Shen WC, Ho YJ. Detection of renal allograft dysfunction with color Doppler flow ultrasound. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1993; 51:257-65. [PMID: 8481843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-six color Doppler flow (CDF) ultrasound studies were performed on 28 allograft kidneys to assess the capability of this technique in diagnosing transplant dysfunction through morphology and Doppler spectra. The composite score obtained from ultrasound images showed no statistical significance. Quantitative studies with Pulsatility Index (PI) and Resistive Index (RI) after localization of the arcuate, interlobar, segmental and main renal arteries by CDF revealed significant differences between normal functioning graft kidneys and the group of acute rejection, as well as the group of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) (P < 0.05). No apparent change was demonstrated in patients with chronic rejection. When PI was greater than 1.60 or RI was greater than 0.80, the transplant kidney was more likely to be rejected, though possibility of ATN should be considered. RI was easier to calculate, and correlated better than PI with the serum creatinine level. CDF expedited the Doppler spectrum study.
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192
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Wang ML. [Effects of lung- and liver-derived biomatrices on the attachment and growth of tumor cells]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1993; 22:38-41. [PMID: 8330331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The attachment and growth property of a human carcinoma cell line (Anip), which has high pulmonary metastatic potential, were investigated in vitro on the lung- or liver-derived biomatrix in culture medium supplemented with serum (SSM) or free of serum (SFM). Either in SFM or SSM, the carcinoma cells showed a higher rate of adhesion to the lung biomatrix than that to the liver biomatrix, In SFM, cells plated on plastic plates ceased proliferating and died; whereas those on the biomatrices, particularly the cells on the lung biomatrix survived and proliferated. Moreover, in SSM, carcinoma cells on the lung biomatrix had the highest clonal growth efficiency. These results indicate that biomatrices may provide conditions favourable for cell growth, and may compensate in part the deficiency of nutrition and growth factors when serum is absent in the culture medium. The different influences exerted on the growth and attachment rate of tumor cells by biomatrices derived from different organs also help to clarify the mechanism of organ specificity of tumor metastasis.
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Chang SY, Lee CL, Wang ML, Hu ML, Lai YM, Chang MY, Soong YK. No detrimental effects in delaying initiation of gonadotropin administration after pituitary desensitization with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. Fertil Steril 1993; 59:183-6. [PMID: 8419205 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if delaying initiation of exogenous gonadotropin administration after pituitary desensitization with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) is a realistic option to avoid scheduling clinical and laboratory work on weekends/holidays. DESIGN, PATIENTS A review of 57 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles in which, after pituitary desensitization with GnRH-a, initiation of gonadotropin administration were delayed in an attempt to avoid off-hour work. Thirty-eight IVF cohort cycles served as control. SETTING Tertiary medical center. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in ovarian response, dose of gonadotropin required, oocytes and embryos obtained, pregnancy rates, and abortion rates between groups. Eighty-three percent of the delayed cycles had clinical and laboratory work that fell within weekdays. CONCLUSION Delaying initiation of exogenous gonadotropin administration after pituitary desensitization had no detrimental effects on IVF outcomes. It may be used to avoid scheduling work on weekends/holidays.
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Wu J, Wang ML, Sheng Y, Zhu DX. [The role of p53 gene in the switch of U937 leukemic cells from growth into differentiation]. SHI YAN SHENG WU XUE BAO 1992; 25:311-6. [PMID: 1303002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The expression of p53 gene has been found to be regulated during the induction of differentiation of U937 leukemic cells into mature macrophages by recombinant human granulocyte- macrophage colony stimulating factors (rhGM-CSF) We showed here that the increased expression of p53 seemed to be necessary for the differentiation of U937 cells induced by rh-GM-CSF. The inhibition of p53 expression by a p53 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide lead to the significant decrease of formation of mature macrophages from U 937 cells in the presence of rhGM-CSF. By contrast, the p53 sense oligodeoxynucleotide had no any effect. Furthermore, we have analysed the growth of U937 cells in the presence or absence of rhGM-CSF. The results showed that rhGM-CSF dramatically inhibited the growth of U 937 cells in the cultures. At the same time, the antisense inhibition experiment demonstrated that the inhibition of p53 expression partially diminished the growth-inhibitory effect of rhGM-CSF on U 937 cells. These results suggested that the p53 was required for the initiation of rhGM-CSF-induced differentiation of U 937 cells on one hand, and the inhibition of cell growth on the other hand. Thus we deduce that the increased expression of p53 induced by rhGM-CSF may be a coupling event of switch of U 937 cells from growth into differentiation.
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195
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Wang ML, Seiff SR, Drasner K. A comparison of visual outcome in open-globe repair: succinylcholine with D-tubocurarine vs nondepolarizing agents. OPHTHALMIC SURGERY 1992; 23:746-51. [PMID: 1484667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We compared the visual outcome in patients with ocular perforations who received succinylcholine with d-tubocurarine during anesthesia induction, with the visual outcome of those who did not. No statistically significant differences in visual outcome were detected. No extrusion of intraocular contents occurred during induction in either group.
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196
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Wang ML, Seiff SR, Drasner K. A Comparison of Visual Outcome in Open-Globe Repair: Succinylcholine With D-Tubocurarine vs Nondepolarizing Agents. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 1992. [DOI: 10.3928/1542-8877-19921101-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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197
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Wang ML, Atkinson MD, Chinoy CN, Devos KM, Gale MD. Comparative RFLP-based genetic maps of barley chromosome 5 (1H) and rye chromosome 1R. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1992; 84:339-344. [PMID: 24203193 DOI: 10.1007/bf00229492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/1991] [Accepted: 11/27/1991] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A genetic map of barley chromosome 5 (1H) was constructed using DNA markers. Seventeen loci were mapped to 15 locations, and these included the known-function loci (in order from the most distal on the long arm) XAdh (alcohol dehydrogenase), XLec (homologous to wheat germ agglutinin), XHor3 (D-hordein), XPpdk (pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase), centromere, XIcal (chymotrypsin inhibitor), and 6 loci in the B- and C-hordein cluster towards the end of the short arm. The gene order on the barley map agreed closely with that of chromosome 1 of rye. Intervarietal comparisons showed that single-copy cDNA and genomic DNA probes revealed about twice the level of RFLPs found in wheat.
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198
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Lee CL, Lai YM, Chang SY, Chang MY, Wang ML, Soong YK. [Mouse embryos co-cultured with various generations of human ampullary cells]. J Formos Med Assoc 1992; 91 Suppl 2:S139-43. [PMID: 1358361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The pregnancy rates for the gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT) and tubal embryo transfer (TET) methods have been shown to be high. The oviductal environment appears to be suitable for fertilization and subsequent cleavage. Many authors have reported that when co-cultured with human ampullary cells, the embryos can develop in vitro as well as in vivo. Thus, significantly more embryos reach the early blastocyst stage, and more successful implantation may be obtained. However, the characteristics of the ampullary cells may change after a series of sub-cultures. In this study, we compared the first and the seventh sub-culture ampullary cell co-cultured systems with a control group. There were significantly more embryos cleaved to blastocysts in these two co-cultured systems than in the control group, but no significant difference between these two co-cultured systems. Detoxification of the medium by co-cultured cells may play an important role in improving embryo quality.
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199
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Wang ML, Leitch AR, Schwarzacher T, Heslop-Harrison JS, Moore G. Construction of a chromosome-enriched HpaII library from flow-sorted wheat chromosomes. Nucleic Acids Res 1992; 20:1897-901. [PMID: 1374560 PMCID: PMC312304 DOI: 10.1093/nar/20.8.1897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the first successful generation of a chromosome-enriched library from flow sorted plant chromosomes. Chromosomes with a characteristic DNA content (a peak) were sorted from a synchronized cell culture (TaKB1, derived from Triticum aestivum). A HpaII library was constructed from the sorted chromosomes and half of the cloned DNA sequences analysed are unique or low copy. Approximately half of these sequences when used as probes detect sequences on wheat chromosome 4A. The generation and analysis of the chromosome library is described in detail and the prospects of using flow-sorted plant chromosomes discussed.
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200
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Chang SY, Chang MY, Wang ML, Chan PJ, Soong YK. Ovum donation program at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei. CHANGGENG YI XUE ZA ZHI 1992; 15:9-14. [PMID: 1581841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The ovum donation program at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital currently confronts the difficulty of limited oocyte resources. The oocytes might be donated from the surplus oocytes of IVF patients. However, after the successful introduction of embryo cryopreservation, patients preferred to have their surplus embryos cryop-reserved and thus, few surplus oocyts were available for donation from IVF program. In addition, official policies discourage use of oocytes donated by consanguineous relatives of either one of the recipient couple or for financial rewards. Among the first three oocytes recipients, with ovarian failure, one chemical pregnancy resulted. Oral premarin and transvaginal and intramuscular progesterone were administered as hormone replacement. The fourth recipient, who had had bilateral oophorectomy, received transdermal estradiol patch (Estraderm) and transvaginal progesterone (Utrogestan) as hormone replacement. The Estraderm/Utrogestan protocol became standard in later cases since the first ongoing pregnancy was achieved in patient 4. We feel this protocol satisfies the required ample levels of hormone replacement for ovum donation.
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