151
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Effects of extracorporeal circulation on blood ketone body ratio reflecting hepatic energy metabolism during cardiac operation. SURGERY, GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS 1993; 177:507-12. [PMID: 8211604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
To examine the effects of extracorporeal circulation using an artificial heart and lung machine on hepatic energy metabolism in patients with cardiac operation using hypothermia, the arterial blood ketone body ratio (AKBR) reflecting the hepatic mitochondrial redox state was determined in 12 patients who had undergone cardiac operation using extracorporeal circulation from March to August 1991. Changes in AKBR were compared with those before and after extracorporeal circulation. AKBR decreased significantly after the beginning of extracorporeal circulation (p < 0.001) and remained at a lower level throughout extracorporeal circulation. On termination of extracorporeal circulation, the initial level was immediately resumed. The extent of decrease in ketone body ratio at ten minutes before termination of extracorporeal circulation was correlated with short term postoperative hepatic insufficiency. The patients whose ratio decreased below 0.4 showed increased levels in glutamic-pyruvic transaminase at the end of the first and second week after operation. Changes in AKBR were significantly associated with those in blood pressure (r = 0.433; p < 0.005) and body temperature (r = 0.472; p < 0.005). It was concluded that blood pressure and body temperature influence the blood ketone body ratio during extracorporeal circulation.
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152
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[Immunohistochemical detection of estrogen receptors (ER) in endometrial carcinoma]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1993; 22:227-9. [PMID: 8168183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Immunohistochemical localization of estrogen receptors (ER) using specific monoclonal antibody to human ER, H222, with ABC methods were performed on frozen sections of 22 endometrial carcinoma specimens. Specific nuclear staining of ER was observed in most epithelial, stromal and malignant cells while specific cytoplasmic staining was not observed. ER positive staining (H-Score > 75) was found in 16 of 22 cases (72.7%), and the H-Score of cancer components was significantly associated with the histological grade of endometrial carcinoma (P < 0.05). The data suggest that ER content of endometrial carcinoma reflects the degree of cancer cell differentiation and may be taken as a guideline for hormone therapy.
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153
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Abstract
To assess perceptions of bicycle-related head injuries, helmet use, and safety practices, we had questionnaires distributed to caregivers of 2,500 children in the third through sixth grades; 1,006 (40.2%) completed surveys were returned. Eight hundred thirty-two caregivers (82.7%) indicated that they had a child cyclist in their household; approximately 65% responded that they believed head injury was likely if their child was involved in a bicycle mishap. A majority (approximately 70%) also said that a bicycle helmet may prevent head injury in between 25% and 75% of all occurrences. Yet 758 (91.1%) students did not own or have access to a bicycle helmet. Among the caregivers whose child did not have a bicycle helmet, 530 (69.9%) stated that they had never thought about purchasing one. Caregivers of both helmeted and nonhelmeted youngsters indicated concern for bicycle safety (100% versus 94%, respectively). Most caregivers (approximately 64%) stated that they would encourage their child to attend a bicycle safety camp. These findings suggest that caregivers perceive the dangers associated with bicycling but are not cognizant of available programs and methods that prevent the risk of serious injury to bicyclists.
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154
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Abstract
This study examined proprioceptive responses under equivalent rising and falling blood alcohol concentrations (BAC), using a repeated-measures design. Seven volunteer subjects, 21 to 35 years of age, participated in the study. After alcohol consumption, BAC readings were obtained every 5 minutes, and the proprioceptive responses were measured at the following BAC levels (in %): 0 (baseline), rising 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, falling 0.075, and 0.05. The analysis focused on the comparisons of these measures at the equivalent rising and falling 0.05% and at the 0.075% BACs. Results showed that the proprioceptive response was less accurate during the rising than the falling BACs.
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155
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measure and assess the magnitude and latency of the H-reflex and M-response between pre- and post-alcohol consumption. Also of interest was the comparison of the H-reflex and M-response between the rising and falling curves of BAC. Seven male volunteer subjects participated in this study. Testing started with pre-alcohol BAC and EMG recordings from the tibial nerve following an electrical stimulation. After alcohol consumption, BAC readings were obtained every five minutes, and the EMGs were recorded at the following BAC levels (in mg/dl): 75, 100, and falling 75. H-latency, H-amplitude, and M-response were identified within the EMG signals. The analysis focused on the comparisons of these measures between each of the BAC levels and the baseline, as well as between the rising and falling BACs. Results showed that, overall, the H-reflex and M-response were depressed following alcohol consumption. In addition, the depression of H-reflex appeared to be greater during the rising curve than the falling curve.
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156
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Abstract
An examination of the heights and weights of members of the Parade Magazine's High School All-American Football Teams from 1963-1971 indicates no significant changes in the Body Mass Index of these elite athletes whereas an increased pattern in Body Mass Index was noted within this group from 1972-1989. The large increases in Body Mass Index after 1971 among the All-American high school football players raise interesting research questions; in particular, what portion of these gains can be attributed to improved nutrition and training techniques and what portion is the result of use of performance enhancing drugs such as anabolic steroids?
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157
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Abstract
This study examined reaction time (RT), anticipation time (AT), and visual performance under the influence of blood alcohol concentration (BAC), using a repeated-measures design. Subjects (8 men and 8 women), 21 to 40 yr. of age, participated in both single- and double-dose sessions, in which they drank approximately 2.3 oz. and 4.6 oz. of 86-proof vodka, respectively. The breath BAC was measured at 5-min. intervals. The RT, AT, and visual performance were tested every 20 min. for 140 min. in both sessions. In general, results indicated that RT, AT, and stereoscopic vision were impaired more in the rising BAC curve than the falling BAC curve. In addition, the impairment tended to be greater for the double-dose than the single-dose session. The far and near visual acuities were not affected by the BAC.
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158
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Abstract
The present study compared alcohol pharmacokinetics associated with body weight, anthropometrically estimated total body water, and body mass index in men and women in two experimental sessions, single dose and double dose. All subjects were given the same amount of alcohol (2.3 and 4.6 oz. 86 proof vodka for single dose and double dose, respectively). Data analyses found a significant correlation between body mass index and peak blood alcohol concentration (BAC). Weight and total body water were not significantly correlated with peak BAC. The findings suggested that body mass index may be considered a better criterion than body weight for equating alcohol doses.
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159
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to report the relationship among perceived intoxication, performance impairment, and actual blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels. Fifteen subjects, aged 21 to 40, completed both single- and double-dose sessions of alcohol consumption. BACs, reaction and anticipation time, and perceived intoxication data were collected during both sessions. Analysis of data showed that perceived intoxication was significantly related to performance impairment, but the actual BAC was not.
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160
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[Preliminary study on RFLPs for dystrophin gene in Chinese]. SHI YAN SHENG WU XUE BAO 1992; 25:173-83. [PMID: 1357845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the RFLPs distribution and frequency of dystrophin gene in Chinese by using 14 subclones of complete 14 kb cDNA for the dystrophin gene as hybridization probes. Allelic fragments are detected in hybridization patterns of Pvu II/1a, Taq I/2b-3, Taq I/5b-7, Xba I/10. Among them, the allelic fragments (26 kb and 3.8 kb) in Pvu II/2b-3 patterns and the allelic fragments (10 kb and 8.4 kb) in Taq I/5b-7 patterns are the new RFLPs which have never been reported. From the comparison of our data with those of Caucasian and Japanese respectively and their statistical analysis, we can obtain the results as follows: There is remarkable difference (p less than 0.01) of the allelic fragment frequency in Taq I/2 b-3 (A1 = 3.4 kb, fre. 0.04; A2 = 3.2 kb, fre. 0.96) and Xba I/10 (A1 = 7.4 kb, fre. 0.41; A2 = 6.7 kb, fre. 0.59) between Chinese and Caucasian. The frequency of the allelic fragments A2 in Taq I/8 (A1 = 6.5 kb, A2 = 5.6 kb) and EcoR V/9 (A1 = 11.8 kb, A2 = 10.7 kb) are high in Caucasian, but have not been detected in Chinese. These differences are also highly significant. But the B1B2 allelic frequencies in Taq I/5 b-7 (B1 = 3.2 kb, B2 = 1.6 kb) are the same. There is no significant difference in the frequency of the allelic fragments A1A2 and B1B2 in Pvu II/1 a between Chinese and Japanese. Preliminary results suggest that there probably are high frequencies for spontaneous neutral mutations in the evolution process of the huge dystrophin gene (about 2,300 kb). In the meantime, the neutral mutation frequencies of various sectional sequences have remarkable differences, and that of some sectional sequences of the gene between Chinese and Caucasian may also have remarkable differences.
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161
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Factors associated with participation in a worksite cholesterol screening and nutrition education program. Am J Health Promot 1992; 6:264-6, 319. [PMID: 10146805 DOI: 10.4278/0890-1171-6.4.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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162
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Inaccuracies in self-reported weights and heights of a sample of sixth-grade children. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION 1991; 91:675-8. [PMID: 2040781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We collected self-reported weights and heights of 806 sixth-graders in Pennsylvania and compared these values with measures of the children obtained by trained personnel who used standard clinical scales and rigid stadiometers. Approximately 10% of the children either were unable to specify a value for weight, height, or both or reported values of a magnitude indicating that they could not quantitatively conceptualize these measurements. Of the remaining 90%, both boys and girls tended to underreport their weight. Underreporting weight was more pronounced among girls than among boys; for both sexes, the degree of underreporting was much greater among taller, heavier children than among shorter, lighter children. Deviation between self-reported and measured height was substantial for many individuals, but there was no consistent trend toward underreporting or overreporting. These findings indicate that children's self-reported weight data may have a systematic bias, particularly if a large proportion of the sample is over-weight; height data may have considerable random error. We, therefore, conclude that self-reported weights and heights of children may be subject to errors that could confound results if used in clinical or research efforts.
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163
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[Immunohistochemical study on distribution of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and placental lactogen (HPL) in trophoblastic tumors]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1990; 19:125-7. [PMID: 2167776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Preliminary results of observation on the immunohistochemical localization of HCG and HPL are reported, involving totally 15 cases of hydatidiform moles, 17 cases of invasive moles and 15 cases of choriocarcinoma. An intermediate type of trophoblast (IT) was identified in the gestational trophoblastic tumors. The presence of HCG and HPL in both IT and syncytiotrophoblast (ST) varied with the type of trophoblastic tumors. Syncytiotrophoblast sometimes contained both of the hormones, whereas IT contained HPL predominantly. Cytotrophoblasts were devoid of HCG and HPL except in choriocarcinoma.
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164
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Race and gender: analysis of granting of doctoral degrees. HEALTH EDUCATION 1989; 20:4-7. [PMID: 2516040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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165
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Effects of contraceptive education on adolescent male contraceptive behavior and attitudes. HEALTH EDUCATION 1989; 20:12-7. [PMID: 2516025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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166
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Educational implications of alcohol use patterns among employed women. HEALTH EDUCATION 1988; 19:78-82. [PMID: 3152253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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167
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Comparative study on the evolution of chloroplast ribosomal 5S RNA of a living fossil plant, Cycas revoluta Thumb. FEBS Lett 1988; 235:30-4. [PMID: 3136036 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(88)81228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The complete nucleotide sequence of Cycas revoluta Thunb chloroplast 5 S rRNA was determined. It consists of 122 nucleotides. This is the only known 5 S rRNA sequence in Gymnospermae. It is highly homologous with chloroplast 5 S rRNA of higher plants (92-97%), but less homologous (about 54%) with those of lower plants. There is however 67% homology between Cycas and a procaryote a. nidulans. The chloroplast 5 S rRNAs of Angiospermae are nearly identical with each other (95-97%). S. oligorhize and L. minor have 100% homology among themselves. We have constructed a phylogenic tree of 5 S rRNA sequences from fifteen plant chloroplasts. The result suggests that the emergence of algae occurred at an early stage of plant chloroplast evolution and that green plants originated from green algae. This is in agreement with the classical view and other theories of molecular evolution. However there is no common ancestor in the case of Bryophyta and ferns. Among the Angiospermae, a precise evolutionary process cannot be deduced because the Knuc values among the species are very close to each other.
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168
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[Research on operative mode of artificial vagina with sigmoid colon]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 1988; 23:153-5, 189. [PMID: 3197473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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169
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Abstract
In order to initiate a program of prenatal diagnosis for the prevention of beta-thalassemia in China, we have begun systematic studies of the beta-thalassemia mutations among the Chinese. DNA polymorphisms in the beta-globin gene cluster were examined in 46 beta-thalassemia chromosomes. Six different haplotypes were observed. One beta-thalassemia gene associated with a new haplotype was cloned and sequenced. The mutation was a single base substitution (A----G) at position -29 within the highly conserved proximal promoter element (the "TATA" box). This mutation was not observed previously in the Chinese. The beta-thalassemia genes were further screened with oligonucleotide probes specific for all known mutations in the Chinese. Five mutations were identified and accounted for 35 beta-thalassemia alleles.
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170
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Beta-thalassemia in Chinese--analysis of polymorphic restriction site haplotypes in the beta-globin gene cluster. Chin Med J (Engl) 1985; 98:881-6. [PMID: 3009101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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171
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Measurement of the strong-coupling constant alpha s to second order for 22 <= sqrt s <= 46.78 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1985; 54:1750-1753. [PMID: 10031130 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.54.1750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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172
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[Bronchogenic carcinoma and ectopic hormones]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI XI JI BING ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 1984; 7:178-81. [PMID: 6151487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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173
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[Chronic toxicity of gossypol and the relationship to its metabolic fate in dogs and monkeys (author's transl)]. ZHONGGUO YAO LI XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA 1980; 1:39-43. [PMID: 6461173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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