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Rumbus Z, Fekete K, Kelava L, Gardos B, Klonfar K, Keringer P, Pinter E, Pakai E, Garami A. Ammonium chloride-induced hypothermia is attenuated by transient receptor potential channel vanilloid-1, but augmented by ankyrin-1 in rodents. Life Sci 2024; 346:122633. [PMID: 38615746 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Systemic administration of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), an acidifying agent used in human patients and experimental conditions, causes hypothermia in mice, however, the mechanisms of the thermoregulatory response to NH4Cl and whether it develops in other species remained unknown. MAIN METHODS We studied body temperature (Tb) changes in rats and mice induced by intraperitoneal administration of NH4Cl after blockade of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) or ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) channels. KEY FINDINGS In rats, NH4Cl decreased Tb by 0.4-0.8°C (p < 0.05). The NH4Cl-induced hypothermia also developed in Trpv1 knockout (Trpv1-/-) and wild-type (Trpv1+/+) mice, however, the Tb drop was exaggerated in Trpv1-/- mice compared to Trpv1+/+ controls with maximal decreases of 4.0 vs. 2.1°C, respectively (p < 0.05). Pharmacological blockade of TRPV1 channels with AMG 517 augmented the hypothermic response to NH4Cl in genetically unmodified mice and rats (p < 0.05 for both). In contrast, when NH4Cl was infused to mice genetically lacking the TRPA1 channel, the hypothermic response was significantly attenuated compared to wild-type controls with maximal mean Tb difference of 1.0°C between the genotypes (p = 0.008). Pretreatment of rats with a TRPA1 antagonist (A967079) also attenuated the NH4Cl-induced Tb drop with a maximal difference of 0.7°C between the pretreatment groups (p = 0.003). SIGNIFICANCE TRPV1 channels limit, whereas TRPA1 channels exaggerate the development of NH4Cl-induced hypothermia in rats and mice, but other mechanisms are also involved. Our results warrant for regular Tb control and careful consideration of NH4Cl treatment in patients with TRPA1 and TRPV1 channel dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Rumbus
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Kata Fekete
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Leonardo Kelava
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Bibor Gardos
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Krisztian Klonfar
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Patrik Keringer
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Erika Pinter
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Eszter Pakai
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Andras Garami
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary.
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Xi XR, Zhang ZQ, Li YL, Liu Z, Ma DY, Gao Z, Zhang S. Hypothermia promotes tunneling nanotube formation and the transfer of astrocytic mitochondria into oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-injured neurons. Brain Res 2024; 1831:148826. [PMID: 38403036 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial transfer occurs between cells, and it is important for damaged cells to receive healthy mitochondria to maintain their normal function and protect against cell death. Accumulating evidence suggests that the functional mitochondria of astrocytes are released and transferred to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-injured neurons. Mild hypothermia (33 °C) is capable of promoting this process, which partially restores the function of damaged neurons. However, the pathways and mechanisms by which mild hypothermia facilitates mitochondrial transfer remain unclear. We are committed to studying the role of mild hypothermia in neuroprotection to provide reliable evidences and insights for the clinical application of mild hypothermia in brain protection. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are considered to be one of the routes through which mitochondria are transferred between cells. In this study, an OGD/R-injured neuronal model was successfully established, and TNTs, mitochondria, neurons and astrocytes were double labeled using immunofluorescent probes. Our results showed that TNTs were present and involved in the transfer of mitochondria between cells in the mixed-culture system of neurons and astrocytes. When neurons were subjected to OGD/R exposure, TNT formation and mitochondrial transportation from astrocytes to injured neurons were facilitated. Further analysis revealed that mild hypothermia increased the quantity of astrocytic mitochondria transferred into damaged neurons through TNTs, raised the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and decreased the neuronal damage and death during OGD/R. Altogether, our data indicate that TNTs play an important role in the endogenous neuroprotection of astrocytic mitochondrial transfer. Furthermore, mild hypothermia enhances astrocytic mitochondrial transfer into OGD/R-injured neurons via TNTs, thereby promoting neuroprotection and neuronal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rui Xi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Yan-Li Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Dong-Yang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Zan Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China.
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3
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Ye D, Liu J, Lin L, Hou P, Feng T, Wang S. The Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis ameliorates neuroinflammation in hypothermic traumatic brain injury in mice by modulating phenotypic transformation of microglia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303150. [PMID: 38728304 PMCID: PMC11086881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis is critically involved in treating several diseases; For example, Ang-(1-7) improves inflammatory response and neurological function after traumatic brain injury and inhibits post-inflammatory hypothermia. However, its function in traumatic brain injury (TBI) combined with seawater immersion hypothermia remains unclear. Here, we used a mice model of hypothermic TBI and a BV2 cell model of hypothermic inflammation to investigate whether the Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis is involved in ameliorating hypothermic TBI. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR, western blotting assay, and immunofluorescence assay were performed to confirm microglia polarization and cytokine regulation. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Nissl staining, and immunohistochemical assay were conducted to assess the extent of hypothermic TBI-induced damage and the ameliorative effect of Ang-(1-7) in mice. An open field experiment and neurological function scoring with two approaches were used to assess the degree of recovery and prognosis in mice. After hypothermic TBI establishment in BV2 cells, the Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis induced phenotypic transformation of microglia from M1 to M2, inhibited IL-6 and IL-1β release, and upregulated IL-4 and IL-10 levels. After hypothermic TBI development in mice, intraperitoneally administered Ang-(1-7) attenuated histological damage and promoted neurological recovery. These findings suggest that hypothermia exacerbates TBI-induced damage and that the Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis can ameliorate hypothermic TBI and directly affect prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Teaching Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiamin Liu
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Pengwei Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tianshun Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongfang Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shousen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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4
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Ma WX, Wang SW, Fan QW, Wang YY, Chu CQ, Liu D, Guo Z, Tang JH, Wen JG. Mild hypothermia reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation via down-regulation of Tent5c. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 706:149767. [PMID: 38484570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Microglial activation is a critical factor in the pathogenesis and progression of neuroinflammatory diseases. Mild hypothermia, known for its neuroprotective properties, has been shown to alleviate microglial activation. In this study, we explore the differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in BV-2 microglial cells under different conditions: normal temperature (CN), mild hypothermia (YT), normal temperature with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and mild hypothermia with LPS (LPS + YT). Venn analysis revealed 119 DE mRNAs that were down-regulated in the LPS + YT vs LPS comparison but up-regulated in the CN vs LPS comparison, primarily enriched in Gene Ontology terms related to immune and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, through Venn analysis of YT vs CN and LPS + YT vs LPS comparisons, we identified 178 DE mRNAs and 432 DE lncRNAs. Among these transcripts, we validated the expression of Tent5c at the protein and mRNA levels. Additionally, siRNA-knockdown of Tent5c attenuated the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-1β, Agrn, and Fpr2), cellular morphological changes, NLRP3 and p-P65 protein levels, immunofluorescence staining of p-P65 and number of cells with ASC-speck induced by LPS. Furthermore, Tent5c overexpression further potentiated the aforementioned indicators in the context of mild hypothermia with LPS treatment. Collectively, our findings highlight the significant role of Tent5c down-regulation in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of mild hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xian Ma
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Shao-Wen Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Qian-Wen Fan
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yue-Yue Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Chao-Qun Chu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Ji-Hui Tang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Jia-Gen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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Engström Ruud L, Font-Gironès F, Zajdel J, Kern L, Teixidor-Deulofeu J, Mannerås-Holm L, Carreras A, Becattini B, Björefeldt A, Hanse E, Fenselau H, Solinas G, Brüning JC, Wunderlich TF, Bäckhed F, Ruud J. Activation of GFRAL + neurons induces hypothermia and glucoregulatory responses associated with nausea and torpor. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113960. [PMID: 38507407 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
GFRAL-expressing neurons actuate aversion and nausea, are targets for obesity treatment, and may mediate metformin effects by long-term GDF15-GFRAL agonism. Whether GFRAL+ neurons acutely regulate glucose and energy homeostasis is, however, underexplored. Here, we report that cell-specific activation of GFRAL+ neurons using a variety of techniques causes a torpor-like state, including hypothermia, the release of stress hormones, a shift from glucose to lipid oxidation, and impaired insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and skeletal muscle glucose uptake but augmented glucose uptake in visceral fat. Metabolomic analysis of blood and transcriptomics of muscle and fat indicate alterations in ketogenesis, insulin signaling, adipose tissue differentiation and mitogenesis, and energy fluxes. Our findings indicate that acute GFRAL+ neuron activation induces endocrine and gluco- and thermoregulatory responses associated with nausea and torpor. While chronic activation of GFRAL signaling promotes weight loss in obesity, these results show that acute activation of GFRAL+ neurons causes hypothermia and hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Engström Ruud
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ferran Font-Gironès
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joanna Zajdel
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lara Kern
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Júlia Teixidor-Deulofeu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Mannerås-Holm
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alba Carreras
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Barbara Becattini
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Björefeldt
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eric Hanse
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Giovanni Solinas
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jens C Brüning
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Ruud
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Granton E, Brown L, Defaye M, Moazen P, Almblad H, Randall TE, Rich JD, Geppert A, Abdullah NS, Hassanabad MF, Hiroki CH, Farias R, Nguyen AP, Schubert C, Lou Y, Andonegui G, Iftinca M, Raju D, Vargas MA, Howell PL, Füzesi T, Bains J, Kurrasch D, Harrison JJ, Altier C, Yipp BG. Biofilm exopolysaccharides alter sensory-neuron-mediated sickness during lung infection. Cell 2024; 187:1874-1888.e14. [PMID: 38518773 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Infections of the lung cause observable sickness thought to be secondary to inflammation. Signs of sickness are crucial to alert others via behavioral-immune responses to limit contact with contagious individuals. Gram-negative bacteria produce exopolysaccharide (EPS) that provides microbial protection; however, the impact of EPS on sickness remains uncertain. Using genome-engineered Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) strains, we compared EPS-producers versus non-producers and a virulent Escherichia coli (E. coli) lung infection model in male and female mice. EPS-negative P. aeruginosa and virulent E. coli infection caused severe sickness, behavioral alterations, inflammation, and hypothermia mediated by TLR4 detection of the exposed lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in lung TRPV1+ sensory neurons. However, inflammation did not account for sickness. Stimulation of lung nociceptors induced acute stress responses in the paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei by activating corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons responsible for sickness behavior and hypothermia. Thus, EPS-producing biofilm pathogens evade initiating a lung-brain sensory neuronal response that results in sickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Granton
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Luke Brown
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Manon Defaye
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Inflammation Research Network, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Parisa Moazen
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Henrik Almblad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Trevor E Randall
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jacquelyn D Rich
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew Geppert
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nasser S Abdullah
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Inflammation Research Network, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mortaza F Hassanabad
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Carlos H Hiroki
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Raquel Farias
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Angela P Nguyen
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Courtney Schubert
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Yuefei Lou
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Graciela Andonegui
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mircea Iftinca
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Inflammation Research Network, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Deepa Raju
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mario A Vargas
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Lynne Howell
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tamás Füzesi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Cumming School of Medicine Optogenetics Core Facility, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jaideep Bains
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Deborah Kurrasch
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Joe Jonathan Harrison
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Christophe Altier
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Inflammation Research Network, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Bryan G Yipp
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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7
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Díaz de Cerio M, Oliván S, Ochoa I, García-Sanmartín J, Martínez A. Cold-shock proteins accumulate in centrosomes and their expression and primary cilium morphology are regulated by hypothermia and shear stress. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:447-462. [PMID: 37694837 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Primary cilia act as cellular sensors for multiple extracellular stimuli and regulate many intracellular signaling pathways in response. Here we investigate whether the cold-shock proteins (CSPs), CIRP and RBM3, are present in the primary cilia and the physiological consequences of such a relationship. R28, an immortalized retinal precursor cell line, was stained with antibodies against CIRP, RBM3, and ciliary markers. Both CSPs were found in intimate contact with the basal body of the cilium during all stages of the cell cycle, including migrating with the centrosome during mitosis. In addition, the morphological and physiological manifestations of exposing the cells to hypothermia and shear stress were investigated. Exposure to moderately cold (32°C) temperatures, the hypothermia mimetic small molecule zr17-2, or to shear stress resulted in a significant reduction in the number and length of primary cilia. In addition, shear stress induced expression of CIRP and RBM3 in a complex pattern depending on the specific protein, flow intensity, and type of flow (laminar versus oscillatory). Flow-mediated CSP overexpression was detected by qRT-PCR and confirmed by Western blot, at least for CIRP. Furthermore, analysis of public RNA Seq databases on flow experiments confirmed an increase of CIRP and RBM3 expression following exposure to shear stress in renal cell lines. In conclusion, we found that CSPs are integral components of the centrosome and that they participate in cold and shear stress sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Díaz de Cerio
- Angiogenesis Unit, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Sara Oliván
- Tissue Microenvironment Lab (TMELab), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Institute for Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ochoa
- Tissue Microenvironment Lab (TMELab), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Institute for Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Institute for Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Josune García-Sanmartín
- Angiogenesis Unit, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Alfredo Martínez
- Angiogenesis Unit, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
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8
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Bouchareb A, Biggs D, Alghadban S, Preece C, Davies B. Increasing Knockin Efficiency in Mouse Zygotes by Transient Hypothermia. CRISPR J 2024; 7:111-119. [PMID: 38635329 PMCID: PMC7615915 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2023.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Integration of a point mutation to correct or edit a gene requires the repair of the CRISPR-Cas9-induced double-strand break by homology-directed repair (HDR). This repair pathway is more active in late S and G2 phases of the cell cycle, whereas the competing pathway of nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) operates throughout the cell cycle. Accordingly, modulation of the cell cycle by chemical perturbation or simply by the timing of gene editing to shift the editing toward the S/G2 phase has been shown to increase HDR rates. Using a traffic light reporter in mouse embryonic stem cells and a fluorescence conversion reporter in human-induced pluripotent stem cells, we confirm that a transient cold shock leads to an increase in the rate of HDR, with a corresponding decrease in the rate of NHEJ repair. We then investigated whether a similar cold shock could lead to an increase in the rate of HDR in the mouse embryo. By analyzing the efficiency of gene editing using single nucleotide polymorphism changes and loxP insertion at three different genetic loci, we found that a transient reduction in temperature after zygote electroporation of CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein with a single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide repair template did indeed increase knockin efficiency, without affecting embryonic development. The efficiency of gene editing with and without the cold shock was first assessed by genotyping blastocysts. As a proof of concept, we then confirmed that the modified embryo culture conditions were compatible with live births by targeting the coat color gene tyrosinase and observing the repair of the albino mutation. Taken together, our data suggest that a transient cold shock could offer a simple and robust way to improve knockin outcomes in both stem cells and zygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Biggs
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samy Alghadban
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Benjamin Davies
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Fukuda N, Toriuchi K, Mimoto R, Aoki H, Kakita H, Suzuki Y, Takeshita S, Tamura T, Yamamura H, Inoue Y, Hayashi H, Yamada Y, Aoyama M. Hypothermia Attenuates Neurotoxic Microglial Activation via TRPV4. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:800-813. [PMID: 38112974 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) provides neuroprotection. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of TH are not fully elucidated. Regulation of microglial activation has the potential to treat a variety of nervous system diseases. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a nonselective cation channel, is activated by temperature stimulus at 27-35 °C. Although it is speculated that TRPV4 is associated with the neuroprotective mechanisms of TH, the role of TRPV4 in the neuroprotective effects of TH is not well understood. In the present study, we investigated whether hypothermia attenuates microglial activation via TRPV4 channels. Cultured microglia were incubated under normothermic (37 °C) or hypothermic (33.5 °C) conditions following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Hypothermic conditions suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and the number of phagocytic microglia. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-NF-κB signaling was inhibited under hypothermic conditions. Furthermore, hypothermia reduced neuronal damage induced by LPS-treated microglial cells. Treatment with TRPV4 antagonist in normothermic culture replicated the suppressive effects of hypothermia on microglial activation and microglia-induced neuronal damage. In contrast, treatment with a TRPV4 agonist in hypothermic culture reversed the suppressive effect of hypothermia. These findings suggest that TH suppresses microglial activation and microglia-induced neuronal damage via the TRPV4-AMPK-NF-κB pathway. Although more validation is needed to consider differences according to age, sex, and specific central nervous system regions, our findings may offer a novel therapeutic approach to complement TH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Fukuda
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizoho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Kohki Toriuchi
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizoho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Rina Mimoto
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizoho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Aoki
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizoho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kakita
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizoho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
- Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizoho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Satoru Takeshita
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizoho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
- Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tamura
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizoho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Inoue
- Department of Cell Signaling, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
- Department of Innovative Therapeutic Sciences, Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hayashi
- Department of Cell Signaling, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
- Department of Innovative Therapeutic Sciences, Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Yamada
- Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Mineyoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizoho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan.
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10
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Liddle LJ, Huang YG, Kung TFC, Mergenthaler P, Colbourne F, Buchan AM. An Assessment of Physical and N6-Cyclohexyladenosine-Induced Hypothermia in Rodent Distal Focal Ischemic Stroke. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2024; 14:36-45. [PMID: 37339459 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2023.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) mitigates damage in ischemic stroke models. However, safer and easier TH methods (e.g., pharmacological) are needed to circumvent physical cooling complications. This study evaluated systemic and pharmacologically induced TH using the adenosine A1 receptor agonist, N6-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA), with control groups in male Sprague-Dawley rats. CHA was administered intraperitoneally 10 minutes following a 2-hour intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion. We used a 1.5 mg/kg induction dose, followed by three 1.0 mg/kg doses every 6 hours for a total of 4 doses, causing 20-24 hours of hypothermia. Animals assigned to physical hypothermia and CHA-hypothermia had similar induction rates and nadir temperatures, but forced cooling lasted ∼6 hours longer compared with CHA-treated animals. The divergence is likely attributable to individual differences in CHA metabolism, which led to varied durations at nadir, whereas physical hypothermia was better regulated. Physical hypothermia significantly reduced infarction (primary endpoint) on day 7 (mean reduction of 36.8 mm3 or 39% reduction; p = 0.021 vs. normothermic animals; Cohen's d = 0.75), whereas CHA-induced hypothermia did not (p = 0.33). Similarly, physical cooling improved neurological function (physical hypothermia median = 0, physical normothermia median = 2; p = 0.008) and CHA-induced cooling did not (p > 0.99). Our findings demonstrate that forced cooling was neuroprotective compared with controls, but prolonged CHA-induced cooling was not neuroprotective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lane J Liddle
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yi-Ge Huang
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tiffany F C Kung
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Philipp Mergenthaler
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederick Colbourne
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alastair M Buchan
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Sohn SH, Chae S, Choi JW, Nam K, Cho YJ, Cho JY, Hwang HY. Differences in Brain Metabolite Profiles Between Normothermia and Hypothermia. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e79. [PMID: 38412613 PMCID: PMC10896702 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the difference in brain metabolite profiles between normothermia and hypothermia reaching 25°C in humans in vivo. METHODS Thirteen patients who underwent thoracic aorta surgery under moderate hypothermia were prospectively enrolled. Plasma samples were collected simultaneously from the arteries and veins to estimate metabolite uptake or release. Targeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatographic mass spectrometry and direct flow injection were performed, and changes in the profiles of respective metabolites from normothermia to hypothermia were compared. The ratios of metabolite concentrations in venous blood samples to those in arterial blood samples (V/A ratios) were calculated, and log2 transformation of the ratios [log2(V/A)] was performed for comparison between the temperature groups. RESULTS Targeted metabolomics were performed for 140 metabolites, including 20 amino acids, 13 biogenic amines, 10 acylcarnitines, 82 glycerophospholipids, 14 sphingomyelins, and 1 hexose. Of the 140 metabolites analyzed, 137 metabolites were released from the brain in normothermia, and the release of 132 of these 137 metabolites was decreased in hypothermia. Two metabolites (dopamine and hexose) showed constant release from the brain in hypothermia, and 3 metabolites (2 glycophospholipids and 1 sphingomyelin) showed conversion from release to uptake in hypothermia. Glutamic acid demonstrated a distinct brain metabolism in that it was taken up by the brain in normothermia, and the uptake was increased in hypothermia. CONCLUSION Targeted metabolomics demonstrated various degrees of changes in the release of metabolites by the hypothermic brain. The release of most metabolites was decreased in hypothermia, whereas glutamic acid showed a distinct brain metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Ho Sohn
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sihyun Chae
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Woong Choi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Karam Nam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Joung Cho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Youn Cho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Ho Young Hwang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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12
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Doshi M, Natori Y, Ishii A, Saigusa D, Watanabe S, Hosoyamada M, Hirashima-Akae Y. Hypothermia increases adenosine monophosphate and xanthosine monophosphate levels in the mouse hippocampus, preventing their reduction by global cerebral ischemia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3187. [PMID: 38326353 PMCID: PMC10850059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) caused by clinical conditions such as cardiac arrest leads to delayed neuronal death in the hippocampus, resulting in physical and mental disability. However, the mechanism of delayed neuronal death following GCI remains unclear. To elucidate the mechanism, we performed a metabolome analysis using a mouse model in which hypothermia (HT) during GCI, which was induced by the transient occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries, markedly suppressed the development of delayed neuronal death in the hippocampus after reperfusion. Fifteen metabolites whose levels were significantly changed by GCI and 12 metabolites whose levels were significantly changed by HT were identified. Furthermore, the metabolites common for both changes were narrowed down to two, adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and xanthosine monophosphate (XMP). The levels of both AMP and XMP were found to be decreased by GCI, but increased by HT, thereby preventing their decrease. In contrast, the levels of adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and guanosine, the downstream metabolites of AMP and XMP, were increased by GCI, but were not affected by HT. Our results may provide a clue to understanding the mechanism by which HT during GCI suppresses the development of delayed neuronal death in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Doshi
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathology, Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
| | - Yujin Natori
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akira Ishii
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Daisuke Saigusa
- Department of Biomedical and Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Shiro Watanabe
- Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Makoto Hosoyamada
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathology, Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
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13
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Pei Z, Xiong Y, Jiang S, Guo R, Jin W, Tao J, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zou Y, Gong Y, Ren J. Heavy Metal Scavenger Metallothionein Rescues Against Cold Stress-Evoked Myocardial Contractile Anomalies Through Regulation of Mitophagy. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:85-101. [PMID: 38356081 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09823-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Cold stress prompts an increased prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity yet the underneath machinery remains unclear. Oxidative stress and autophagy appear to contribute to cold stress-induced cardiac anomalies. Our present study evaluated the effect of heavy metal antioxidant metallothionein on cold stress (4 °C)-induced in cardiac remodeling and contractile anomalies and cell signaling involved including regulation of autophagy and mitophagy. Cold stress (3 weeks) prompted interstitial fibrosis, mitochondrial damage (mitochondrial membrane potential and TEM ultrastructure), oxidative stress (glutathione, reactive oxygen species and superoxide), lipid peroxidation, protein injury, elevated left ventricular (LV) end systolic and diastolic diameters, decreased fractional shortening, ejection fraction, Langendorff heart function, cardiomyocyte shortening, maximal velocities of shortening/relengthening, and electrically stimulated intracellular Ca2+ rise along with elongated relaxation duration and intracellular Ca2+ clearance, the responses of which were overtly attenuated or mitigated by metallothionein. Levels of apoptosis, cell death (Bax and loss of Bcl2, IL-18), and autophagy (LC3BII-to-LC3BI ratio, Atg7 and Beclin-1) were overtly upregulated with comparable p62 under cold stress. Cold stress also evoked elevated mitophagy (decreased TOM20, increased Parkin and FUNDC1 with unaltered BNIP3). Cold stress overtly dampened phosphorylation of autophagy/mitophagy inhibitory molecules Akt and mTOR, stimulated and suppressed phosphorylation of ULK1 and eNOS, respectively, in the absence of altered pan protein levels. Cold stress-evoked responses in cell death, autophagy, mitophagy and their regulatory domains were overtly attenuated or ablated by metallothionein. Suppression of autophagy and mitophagy with 3-methyladenine, bafilomycin A1, cyclosporine A, and liensinine rescued hypothermia-instigated cardiomyocyte LC3B puncta formation and mechanical anomalies. Our findings support a protective nature for metallothionein in deep hypothermia-evoked cardiac abnormalities associated with regulation of autophagy and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Pei
- The Second Department of Cardiology, Nanchang City Renmin Hospital, Nanchang, 3330009, China.
| | - Yayuan Xiong
- The First Department of Cardiology, Nanchang City Renmin Hospital, Nanchang, 3330009, China
| | - Shasha Jiang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Wei Jin
- The Second Department of Cardiology, Nanchang City Renmin Hospital, Nanchang, 3330009, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Gong
- The Second Department of Cardiology, Nanchang City Renmin Hospital, Nanchang, 3330009, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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14
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Zhang M, Wang N, Guo XS, Wang LL, Wang PF, Cao ZP, Zhang FY, Wang ZW, Guan DW, Zhao R. Candidate biomarkers in brown adipose tissue for post-mortem diagnosis of fatal hypothermia. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:61-72. [PMID: 36175800 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-022-02897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Post-mortem diagnosis of fatal hypothermia (FHT) is challenging in forensic practice because traditional morphological and biochemical methods lack specificity. Recent studies have reported that brown adipose tissue (BAT) is activated during cold-induced non-shivering thermogenesis in mammals, but BAT has not been used to diagnose FHT. The aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers in BAT for FHT based on morphological changes and differential protein expression. Two FHT animal models were created by exposing mice to 4 or -20 °C at 50% humidity. Morphologically, the unilocular lipid droplet content was significantly increased in BAT of FHT model mice compared with that of control mice. Proteomics analysis revealed a total of 283 and 266 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the 4 or -20 °C FHT subgroups and control group, respectively. In addition, 140 proteins were shared between the FHT subgroups. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the shared DEPs were mainly enriched in pathways associated with metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and thermogenesis. Further screening (|log2FC| > 1.6, q-value (FDR) < 0.05) identified GMFB, KDM1A, DDX6, RAB1B, SHMT-1, CLPTM1, and LMF1 as candidate biomarkers of FHT. Subsequent validation experiments were performed in FHT model mice using classic immunohistochemistry and western blotting. RAB1B and GMFB expression was further verified in BAT specimens from human cases of FHT. The results demonstrate that BAT can be used as a target organ for FHT diagnosis employing RAB1B and GMFB as biological markers, thus providing a new strategy for the post-mortem diagnosis of FHT in forensic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Laboratory of Intelligentized Forensic Science (CLIFS), Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- Remote Forensic Consultation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Laboratory of Intelligentized Forensic Science (CLIFS), Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- Remote Forensic Consultation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Shen Guo
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Laboratory of Intelligentized Forensic Science (CLIFS), Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- Remote Forensic Consultation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Laboratory of Intelligentized Forensic Science (CLIFS), Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- Remote Forensic Consultation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Laboratory of Intelligentized Forensic Science (CLIFS), Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- Remote Forensic Consultation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Peng Cao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Laboratory of Intelligentized Forensic Science (CLIFS), Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- Remote Forensic Consultation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Wei Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Wei Guan
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Laboratory of Intelligentized Forensic Science (CLIFS), Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- Remote Forensic Consultation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Laboratory of Intelligentized Forensic Science (CLIFS), Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
- Remote Forensic Consultation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Xian H, Guo H, Liu YY, Zhang JL, Hu WC, Yu MJ, Zhao R, Xie RG, Zhang H, Cong R. Peripheral BDNF Regulates Somatosensory-Sympathetic Coupling in Brachial Plexus Avulsion-Induced Neuropathic Pain. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1789-1806. [PMID: 37335428 PMCID: PMC10661543 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) is a combined injury involving the central and peripheral nervous systems. Patients with BPA often experience severe neuropathic pain (NP) in the affected limb. NP is insensitive to the existing treatments, which makes it a challenge to researchers and clinicians. Accumulated evidence shows that a BPA-induced pain state is often accompanied by sympathetic nervous dysfunction, which suggests that the excitation state of the sympathetic nervous system is correlated with the existence of NP. However, the mechanism of how somatosensory neural crosstalk with the sympathetic nerve at the peripheral level remains unclear. In this study, through using a novel BPA C7 root avulsion mouse model, we found that the expression of BDNF and its receptor TrκB in the DRGs of the BPA mice increased, and the markers of sympathetic nervous system activity including α1 and α2 adrenergic receptors (α1-AR and α2-AR) also increased after BPA. The phenomenon of superexcitation of the sympathetic nervous system, including hypothermia and edema of the affected extremity, was also observed in BPA mice by using CatWalk gait analysis, an infrared thermometer, and an edema evaluation. Genetic knockdown of BDNF in DRGs not only reversed the mechanical allodynia but also alleviated the hypothermia and edema of the affected extremity in BPA mice. Further, intraperitoneal injection of adrenergic receptor inhibitors decreased neuronal excitability in patch clamp recording and reversed the mechanical allodynia of BPA mice. In another branch experiment, we also found the elevated expression of BDNF, TrκB, TH, α1-AR, and α2-AR in DRG tissues from BPA patients compared with normal human DRGs through western blot and immunohistochemistry. Our results revealed that peripheral BDNF is a key molecule in the regulation of somatosensory-sympathetic coupling in BPA-induced NP. This study also opens a novel analgesic target (BDNF) in the treatment of this pain with fewer complications, which has great potential for clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xian
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Pain and Related Diseases Research Laboratory, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuan-Ying Liu
- School of Life Science and Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, 716000, China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jian-Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wen-Chao Hu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- The Sixth Regiment, School of Basic Medicine, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ming-Jun Yu
- The Tenth Squadron of the Third Regiment, School of Basic Medicine, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rou-Gang Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Rui Cong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Qiu J, Yue F, Zhu P, Chen J, Xu F, Zhang L, Kim KH, Snyder MM, Luo N, Xu HW, Huang F, Tao WA, Kuang S. FAM210A is essential for cold-induced mitochondrial remodeling in brown adipocytes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6344. [PMID: 37816711 PMCID: PMC10564795 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41988-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold stimulation dynamically remodels mitochondria in brown adipose tissue (BAT) to facilitate non-shivering thermogenesis in mammals, but what regulates mitochondrial plasticity is poorly understood. Comparing mitochondrial proteomes in response to cold revealed FAM210A as a cold-inducible mitochondrial inner membrane protein. An adipocyte-specific constitutive knockout of Fam210a (Fam210aAKO) disrupts mitochondrial cristae structure and diminishes the thermogenic activity of BAT, rendering the Fam210aAKO mice vulnerable to lethal hypothermia under acute cold exposure. Induced knockout of Fam210a in adult adipocytes (Fam210aiAKO) does not affect steady-state mitochondrial structure under thermoneutrality, but impairs cold-induced mitochondrial remodeling, leading to progressive loss of cristae and reduction of mitochondrial density. Proteomics reveals an association between FAM210A and OPA1, whose cleavage governs cristae dynamics and mitochondrial remodeling. Mechanistically, FAM210A interacts with mitochondrial protease YME1L and modulates its activity toward OMA1 and OPA1 cleavage. These data establish FAM210A as a key regulator of mitochondrial cristae remodeling in BAT and shed light on the mechanism underlying mitochondrial plasticity in response to cold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Qiu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Feng Yue
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Peipei Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jingjuan Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Fan Xu
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Lijia Zhang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Kun Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Madigan M Snyder
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Nanjian Luo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Hao-Wei Xu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Fang Huang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - W Andy Tao
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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17
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Janko J, Bečka E, Kmeťová K, Hudecová L, Konečná B, Celec P, Bajaj-Elliott M, Pastorek M. Neutrophil extracellular traps formation and clearance is enhanced in fever and attenuated in hypothermia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1257422. [PMID: 37849757 PMCID: PMC10577177 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1257422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fever and hypothermia represent two opposite strategies for fighting systemic inflammation. Fever results in immune activation; hypothermia is associated with energy conservation. Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) remains a significant cause of mortality worldwide. SIRS can lead to a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms but importantly, patients can develop fever or hypothermia. During infection, polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) such as neutrophils prevent pathogen dissemination through the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that ensnare and kill bacteria. However, when dysregulated, NETs also promote host tissue damage. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that temperature modulates NETs homeostasis in response to infection and inflammation. NETs formation was studied in response to infectious (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) and sterile (mitochondria) agents. When compared to body temperature (37°C), NETs formation increased at 40°C; interestingly, the response was stunted at 35°C and 42°C. While CD16+ CD49d+ PMNs represent a small proportion of the neutrophil population, they formed ~45-85% of NETs irrespective of temperature. Temperature increased formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) expression to a differential extent in CD16+ CD49d- vs. CD49d+ PMNSs, suggesting further complexity to neutrophil function in hypo/hyperthermic conditions. The capacity of NETs to induce Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)-mediated NF-κB activation was found to be temperature independent. Interestingly, NET degradation was enhanced at higher temperatures, which corresponded with greater plasma DNase activity in response to temperature increase. Collectively, our observations indicate that NETs formation and clearance are enhanced at 40°C whilst temperatures of 35°C and 42°C attenuate this response. Targeting PMN-driven immunity may represent new venues for intervention in pathological inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Janko
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Emil Bečka
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Kmeťová
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Letícia Hudecová
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Konečná
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Celec
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mona Bajaj-Elliott
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michal Pastorek
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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18
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Zhang Z, Liu X, Yang Z, Mo X. Study on the protective effect of RNA-binding motif protein 3 in mild hypothermia oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation cell model. Cryobiology 2023; 112:104544. [PMID: 37211323 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mild hypothermia is proven neuroprotective in clinical practice. While hypothermia leads to the decrease of global protein synthesis rate, it upregulates a small subset of protein including RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3). In this study, we treated mouse neuroblastoma cells (N2a) with mild hypothermia before oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and discovered the decrease of apoptosis rate, down-regulation of apoptosis-associated protein and enhancement of cell viability. Overexpression of RBM3 via plasmid exerted similar effect while silencing RBM3 by siRNAs partially reversed the protective effect exerted by mild hypothermia pretreatment. The protein level of Reticulon 3(RTN3), a downstream gene of RBM3, also increased after mild hypothermia pretreatment. Silencing RTN3 weakened the protective effect of mild hypothermia pretreatment or RBM3 overexpression. Also, the protein level of autophagy gene LC3B increased after OGD/R or RBM3 overexpression while silencing RTN3 decreased this trend. Furthermore, immunofluorescence observed enhanced fluorescence signal of LC3B and RTN3 as well as a large number of overlaps after RBM3 overexpressing. In conclusion, RBM3 plays a cellular protective role by regulating apoptosis and viability via its downstream gene RTN3 in the hypothermia OGD/R cell model and autophagy may participate in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoxu Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhaocong Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuming Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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19
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Liang S, Ti Y, Huang J, Li X, Zhou W. Inhibition of Microglial Activation by Delayed Mild Hypothermia Reduced Preoligodendrocyte Injury in a Neonatal Rat Brain Slice Model. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2023; 13:134-140. [PMID: 36862528 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2022.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), characterized by distinctive form of white matter injury, often arises after neonatal cardiac surgery. Proven therapies for PVL are absent. In this study, we designed to quest therapeutic effects of delayed mild hypothermia on PVL and its mechanism in a neonatal rat brain slice model. With the increase of delayed mild hypothermia-treating time, the reduced expression of myelin basic protein and loss of preoligodendrocytes were significantly attenuated after oxygen-glucose deprivation. In addition, the proportion of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1)-positive cells and the expression of Iba-1 were apparently reduced with the increased duration of mild hypothermia treatment. Furthermore, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 reduced after the mild hypothermia treatment relative to the control. Inhibition of microglial activation with prolonged mild hypothermia may be a potential strategy for white matter protection during cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suixin Liang
- Department of CICU and Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunxing Ti
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junrong Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiuhong Li
- Department of CICU and Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjia Zhou
- Department of CICU and Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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20
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Moes MI, Elia A, Gennser M, Eiken O, Keramidas ME. Nitrous oxide consistently attenuates thermogenic and thermoperceptual responses to repetitive cold stress in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:631-641. [PMID: 37471214 PMCID: PMC10642508 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00309.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Divers are at enhanced risk of hypothermia, due to the independent action of the inspired inert gases on thermoregulation. Thus, narcosis induced by acute (≤2 h) exposure to either hyperbaric nitrogen or normobaric nitrous oxide (N2O) impairs shivering thermogenesis and accelerates body core cooling. Animal-based studies, however, have indicated that repeated and sustained N2O administration may prevent N2O-evoked hypometabolism. We, therefore, examined the effects of prolonged intermittent exposure to 30% N2O on human thermoeffector plasticity in response to moderate cold. Fourteen men participated in two ∼12-h sessions, during which they performed sequentially three 120-min cold-water immersions (CWIs) in 20°C water, separated by 120-min rewarming. During CWIs, subjects were breathing either normal air or a normoxic gas mixture containing 30% N2O. Rectal and skin temperatures, metabolic heat production (via indirect calorimetry), finger and forearm cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC; laser-Doppler fluxmetry/mean arterial pressure), and thermal sensation and comfort were monitored. N2O aggravated the drop in rectal temperature (P = 0.01), especially during the first (by ∼0.3°C) and third (by ∼0.4°C) CWIs. N2O invariably blunted the cold-induced elevation of metabolic heat production by ∼22%-25% (P < 0.001). During the initial ∼30 min of the first and second CWIs, N2O attenuated the cold-induced drop in finger (P ≤ 0.001), but not in forearm CVC. N2O alleviated the sensation of coldness and thermal discomfort throughout (P < 0.001). Thus, the present results demonstrate that, regardless of the cumulative duration of gas exposure, a subanesthetic dose of N2O depresses human thermoregulatory functions and precipitates the development of hypothermia.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Human thermoeffector plasticity was evaluated in response to prolonged iterative exposure to 30% N2O and moderate cold stress. Regardless of the duration of gas exposure, N2O-induced narcosis impaired in a persistent manner shivering thermogenesis and thermoperception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike I Moes
- Division of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonis Elia
- Division of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Gennser
- Division of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ola Eiken
- Division of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michail E Keramidas
- Division of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Yang WZ, Xie H, Du X, Zhou Q, Xiao Y, Zhao Z, Jia X, Xu J, Zhang W, Cai S, Li Z, Fu X, Hua R, Cai J, Chang S, Sun J, Sun H, Xu Q, Ni X, Tu H, Zheng R, Xu X, Wang H, Fu Y, Wang L, Li X, Yang H, Yao Q, Yu T, Shen Q, Shen WL. A parabrachial-hypothalamic parallel circuit governs cold defense in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4924. [PMID: 37582782 PMCID: PMC10427655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal homeostasis is vital for mammals and is controlled by brain neurocircuits. Yet, the neural pathways responsible for cold defense regulation are still unclear. Here, we found that a pathway from the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) to the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), which runs parallel to the canonical LPB to preoptic area (POA) pathway, is also crucial for cold defense. Together, these pathways make an equivalent and cumulative contribution, forming a parallel circuit. Specifically, activation of the LPB → DMH pathway induced strong cold-defense responses, including increases in thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue (BAT), muscle shivering, heart rate, and locomotion. Further, we identified somatostatin neurons in the LPB that target DMH to promote BAT thermogenesis. Therefore, we reveal a parallel circuit governing cold defense in mice, which enables resilience to hypothermia and provides a scalable and robust network in heat production, reshaping our understanding of neural circuit regulation of homeostatic behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Z Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hengchang Xie
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaosa Du
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiaoning Jia
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jianhui Xu
- Thermoregulation and Inflammation Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Zhangjie Li
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Rong Hua
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Junhao Cai
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Shuang Chang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Institute of life sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xinyan Ni
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hongqing Tu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ruimao Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Liming Wang
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xi Li
- Institute of life sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Qiyuan Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China.
| | - Qiwei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Wei L Shen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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22
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King MA, Grosche A, Ward SM, Ward JA, Sasidharan A, Mayer TA, Plamper ML, Xu X, Ward MD, Clanton TL, Vidyasagar S. Amino acid solution mitigates hypothermia response and intestinal damage following exertional heat stroke in male mice. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15681. [PMID: 37217446 PMCID: PMC10202825 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased gut permeability is implicated in the initiation and extent of the cytokine inflammatory response associated with exertional heat stroke (EHS). The primary objective of this study was to determine if a five amino acid oral rehydration solution (5AAS), specifically designed for the protection of the gastrointestinal lining, would prolong time to EHS, maintain gut function and dampen the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) measured during EHS recovery. Male C57/BL6J mice instrumented with radiotelemetry were gavaged with 150 μL of 5AAS or H2 O, and ≈12 h later were either exposed to an EHS protocol where mice exercised in a 37.5°C environmental chamber to a self-limiting maximum core temperature (Tc,max) or performed the exercise control (EXC) protocol (25°C). 5AAS pretreatment attenuated hypothermia depth and length (p < 0.005), which are indicators of EHS severity during recovery, without any effect on physical performance or thermoregulatory responses in the heat as determined by percent body weight lost (≈9%), max speed (≈6 m/min), distance (≈700 m), time to Tc,max (≈160 min), thermal area (≈550°C∙min), and Tc,max (42.2°C). EHS groups treated with 5AAS showed a significant decrease in gut transepithelial conductance, decreased paracellular permeability, increased villus height, increased electrolyte absorption and changes in tight junction protein expression pattern suggestive of improved barrier integrity (p < 0.05). No differences were witnessed between EHS groups in acute phase response markers of liver, circulating SIR markers, or indicators of organ damage during recovery. These results suggest that a 5AAS improves Tc regulation during EHS recovery through maintaining mucosal function and integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A. King
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUnited States Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusettsUSA
| | - Astrid Grosche
- Radiation OncologyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Shauna M. Ward
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUnited States Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jermaine A. Ward
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUnited States Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusettsUSA
| | - Anusree Sasidharan
- Radiation OncologyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Thomas A. Mayer
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUnited States Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusettsUSA
| | - Mark L. Plamper
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUnited States Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusettsUSA
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Radiation OncologyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Matthew D. Ward
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUnited States Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusettsUSA
| | - Thomas L. Clanton
- Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Sadasivan Vidyasagar
- Radiation OncologyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
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23
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Ahn JH, Lee TK, Kim DW, Shin MC, Cho JH, Lee JC, Tae HJ, Park JH, Hong S, Lee CH, Won MH, Kim YH. Therapeutic Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest Attenuates Hindlimb Paralysis and Damage of Spinal Motor Neurons and Astrocytes through Modulating Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Rats. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030414. [PMID: 36766758 PMCID: PMC9913309 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrest (CA) and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), a global ischemia and reperfusion event, lead to neuronal damage and/or death in the spinal cord as well as the brain. Hypothermic therapy is reported to protect neurons from damage and improve hindlimb paralysis after resuscitation in a rat model of CA induced by asphyxia. In this study, we investigated roles of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the lumbar spinal cord protected by therapeutic hypothermia in a rat model of asphyxial CA. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to seven minutes of asphyxial CA (induced by injection of 2 mg/kg vecuronium bromide) and hypothermia (four hours of cooling, 33 ± 0.5 °C). Survival rate, hindlimb motor function, histopathology, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were examined at 12, 24, and 48 h after CA/ROSC. The rats of the CA/ROSC and hypothermia-treated groups had an increased survival rate and showed an attenuated hindlimb paralysis and a mild damage/death of motor neurons located in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord compared with those of the CA/ROSC and normothermia-treated groups. In the CA/ROSC and hypothermia-treated groups, expressions of cytoplasmic and nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly higher in the anterior horn compared with those of the CA/ROSC and normothermia-treated groups, showing that cytoplasmic and nuclear Nrf2 was expressed in both motor neurons and astrocytes. Moreover, in the CA/ROSC and hypothermia-treated group, interleukin-1β (IL-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine) expressed in the motor neurons was significantly reduced, and astrocyte damage was apparently attenuated compared with those found in the CA/ROSC and normothermia group. Taken together, our results indicate that hypothermic therapy after CA/ROSC attenuates CA-induced hindlimb paralysis by protecting motor neurons in the lumbar spinal cord via activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and attenuating pro-inflammation and astrocyte damage (reactive astrogliosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Youngsan University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50510, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Cheol Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Tae
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Chonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongkweon Hong
- Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-H.W.); (Y.H.K.); Tel.: +82-33-258-2306 (Y.H.K.); Fax: +82-33-258-2169 (Y.H.K.)
| | - Yang Hee Kim
- Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-H.W.); (Y.H.K.); Tel.: +82-33-258-2306 (Y.H.K.); Fax: +82-33-258-2169 (Y.H.K.)
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24
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Silverman HA, Tynan A, Hepler TD, Chang EH, Gunasekaran M, Li JH, Huerta TS, Tsaava T, Chang Q, Addorisio ME, Chen AC, Thompson DA, Pavlov VA, Brines M, Tracey KJ, Chavan SS. Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin-1-expressing vagus nerve fibers mediate IL-1β induced hypothermia and reflex anti-inflammatory responses. Mol Med 2023; 29:4. [PMID: 36650454 PMCID: PMC9847185 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation, the physiological response to infection and injury, is coordinated by the immune and nervous systems. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and other cytokines produced during inflammatory responses activate sensory neurons (nociceptors) to mediate the onset of pain, sickness behavior, and metabolic responses. Although nociceptors expressing Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) can initiate inflammation, comparatively little is known about the role of TRPA1 nociceptors in the physiological responses to specific cytokines. METHODS To monitor body temperature in conscious and unrestrained mice, telemetry probes were implanted into peritoneal cavity of mice. Using transgenic and tissue specific knockouts and chemogenetic techniques, we recorded temperature responses to the potent pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Using calcium imaging, whole cell patch clamping and whole nerve recordings, we investigated the role of TRPA1 during IL-1β-mediated neuronal activation. Mouse models of acute endotoxemia and sepsis were used to elucidate how specific activation, with optogenetics and chemogenetics, or ablation of TRPA1 neurons can affect the outcomes of inflammatory insults. All statistical tests were performed with GraphPad Prism 9 software and for all analyses, P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Here, we describe a previously unrecognized mechanism by which IL-1β activates afferent vagus nerve fibers to trigger hypothermia, a response which is abolished by selective silencing of neuronal TRPA1. Afferent vagus nerve TRPA1 signaling also inhibits endotoxin-stimulated cytokine storm and significantly reduces the lethality of bacterial sepsis. CONCLUSION Thus, IL-1β activates TRPA1 vagus nerve signaling in the afferent arm of a reflex anti-inflammatory response which inhibits cytokine release, induces hypothermia, and reduces the mortality of infection. This discovery establishes that TRPA1, an ion channel known previously as a pro-inflammatory detector of cold, pain, itch, and a wide variety of noxious molecules, also plays a specific anti-inflammatory role via activating reflex anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold A Silverman
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Aisling Tynan
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Tyler D Hepler
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Eric H Chang
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Manojkumar Gunasekaran
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Jian Hua Li
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Tomás S Huerta
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
| | - Tea Tsaava
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Qing Chang
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Meghan E Addorisio
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Adrian C Chen
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Dane A Thompson
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Department of Surgery, North Shore University Hospital, Northwell Health, 300 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Valentin A Pavlov
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Michael Brines
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA.
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Sangeeta S Chavan
- Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA.
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
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25
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Liu K, Wang L, Li D, Yan S, Li J, Yi X, Sun Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Qi F, Zheng Y, He Z, Wang D, Ma Y, Liang J, Fu Q. Extracellular Matrix-Mimetic Peptide Scaffolds Prolonged the Hypothermic Preservation of Stem Cells for Storage and Transportation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:684-696. [PMID: 36592343 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Encouraging advances in both regenerative medicine and tissue engineering with stem cells require a short-term preservation protocol to provide enough time for quality control or the transportation of cell products from manufacturing facilities to clinical destinations. The hypothermic preservation of stem cells under refrigerated conditions (2-8 °C) in their specific culture medium provides an alternative and low-cost method for cryopreservation or commercial preservation fluid for short-term storage. However, most stem cells are vulnerable to hypothermia, which might result in cell damage from the cooling process and the lack of extracellular matrix (ECM). Herein, we report a peptide scaffold cell-culture-medium additive for mimicking in vivo ECM to enhance the storage efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under hypothermic preservation. Peptide scaffolds exhibit protective effects against hypothermic injury by maintaining the viability, proliferation, migration, and differentiation capabilities of cells. The mechanistic study showed that the peptide scaffold was conducive to maintain mitochondrial function by retaining mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and mass to alleviate intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, the peptide scaffold also prolonged the survival and retained the multipotency of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) under hypothermic conditions. In conclusion, these results demonstrate a feasible and convenient preservation system for stem cells that has the potential to promote the clinical application of hematopoietic stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shaoduo Yan
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jiayao Li
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiaoyang Yi
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yunfeng Sun
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Fengying Qi
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yizhe Zheng
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zixin He
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Donggen Wang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yuyuan Ma
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qiuxia Fu
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
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26
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Qian K, Tol MJ, Wu J, Uchiyama LF, Xiao X, Cui L, Bedard AH, Weston TA, Rajendran PS, Vergnes L, Shimanaka Y, Yin Y, Jami-Alahmadi Y, Cohn W, Bajar BT, Lin CH, Jin B, DeNardo LA, Black DL, Whitelegge JP, Wohlschlegel JA, Reue K, Shivkumar K, Chen FJ, Young SG, Li P, Tontonoz P. CLSTN3β enforces adipocyte multilocularity to facilitate lipid utilization. Nature 2023; 613:160-168. [PMID: 36477540 PMCID: PMC9995219 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multilocular adipocytes are a hallmark of thermogenic adipose tissue1,2, but the factors that enforce this cellular phenotype are largely unknown. Here, we show that an adipocyte-selective product of the Clstn3 locus (CLSTN3β) present in only placental mammals facilitates the efficient use of stored triglyceride by limiting lipid droplet (LD) expansion. CLSTN3β is an integral endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein that localizes to ER-LD contact sites through a conserved hairpin-like domain. Mice lacking CLSTN3β have abnormal LD morphology and altered substrate use in brown adipose tissue, and are more susceptible to cold-induced hypothermia despite having no defect in adrenergic signalling. Conversely, forced expression of CLSTN3β is sufficient to enforce a multilocular LD phenotype in cultured cells and adipose tissue. CLSTN3β associates with cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector proteins and impairs their ability to transfer lipid between LDs, thereby restricting LD fusion and expansion. Functionally, increased LD surface area in CLSTN3β-expressing adipocytes promotes engagement of the lipolytic machinery and facilitates fatty acid oxidation. In human fat, CLSTN3B is a selective marker of multilocular adipocytes. These findings define a molecular mechanism that regulates LD form and function to facilitate lipid utilization in thermogenic adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Qian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marcus J Tol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jin Wu
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lauren F Uchiyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xu Xiao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Liujuan Cui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander H Bedard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Weston
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pradeep S Rajendran
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuta Shimanaka
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yesheng Yin
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yasaman Jami-Alahmadi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Whitaker Cohn
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bryce T Bajar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chia-Ho Lin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benita Jin
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Laura A DeNardo
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Douglas L Black
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julian P Whitelegge
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James A Wohlschlegel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kalyanam Shivkumar
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Feng-Jung Chen
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Stephen G Young
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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27
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Zhou T, Mo J, Xu W, Hu Q, Liu H, Fu Y, Jiang J. Mild hypothermia alleviates oxygen−glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced apoptosis by inhibiting ROS generation, improving mitochondrial dysfunction and regulating DNA damage repair pathway in PC12 cells. Apoptosis 2022; 28:447-457. [PMID: 36520321 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has a great impact on human life and property safety. As far as we know, mild hypothermia (MH) is an effective measure to reduce neuronal injury after I/R. However, the precise mechanism is not extremely clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether mild therapeutic hypothermia can play a protective role in nerve cells dealing with brain I/R injury and explore its specific mechanism in vitro. A flow cytometer, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay were performed to detect apoptotic rate of cells, cell viability and cytotoxicity, respectively, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay kit, JC-1 fluorescent methods, immunofluorescence and western blot were used to explore ROS, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm), mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and protein expression, respectively. The result indicated that the cell activity was decreased, while the cytotoxicity and apoptosis rate were increased after treating with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in PC12 cells. However, MH could antagonize this phenomenon. Interestingly, treating with OGD/R increased the release of ROS and the transfer of Cytochrome C (Cyt-C) from mitochondria to cytoplasm. In addition, it up-regulated the expression of γH2AX, Bax and Clv-caspase3, down-regulated the expression of PCNA, Rad51 and Bcl-2, and inhibited the function of mitochondria in PC12 cells. Excitingly, the opposite trend was observed after MH treatment. Therefore, our results suggest that MH protects PC12 cells against OGD/R-induced injury with the mechanism of inhibiting cell apoptosis by reducing ROS production, improving mitochondrial function, reducing DNA damage, and enhancing DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianen Zhou
- Department of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jierong Mo
- Department of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Weigan Xu
- Department of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaohua Hu
- Department of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongfeng Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of General Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
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28
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Umehara T, Mori R, Murase T, Tanaka T, Kasai K, Ikematsu K, Sato H. rno-miR-203a-3p and Mex3B contribute to cell survival of iliopsoas muscle via the Socs3-Casp3 axis under severe hypothermia in rats. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2022; 59:102150. [PMID: 36198254 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2022.102150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Forensic diagnosis of fatal hypothermia is considered difficult because no specific findings, such as molecular markers, have been identified. Therefore, determining the molecular mechanism in hypothermia and identifying novel molecular markers to assist in diagnosing fatal hypothermia are important. This study aimed to investigate microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression in iliopsoas muscle, which plays a role in homeostasis in mammals, to resolve the molecular mechanism in hypothermia. We generated rat models of mild, moderate, and severe hypothermia, then performed body temperature-dependent miRNA and mRNA expression analysis of the iliopsoas muscle using microarray and next-generation sequencing. Analysis showed that rno-miR-203a-3p expression was lower with decreasing body temperature, while Socs3 expression was significantly increased only by severe hypothermia. Luciferase reporter assays suggested that Socs3 expression is regulated by rno-miR-203a-3p. Socs3 and Mex3B small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown showed that suppressing Mex3B could induce the activation of Socs3, followed by a change in caspase 3/7 activity and adenosine triphosphate levels in iliopsoas muscle cells. These findings indicate that rno-miR-203a-3p and Mex3B are deactivated by a decrease in body temperature, whereby it contributes to suppressing apoptosis by accelerating Socs3. Accordingly, the rno-miR-203a-3p-Socs3-Casp3 or Mex3B-Socs3-Casp3 axis may be the part of the biological defense response to maintain homeostasis under extreme hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Umehara
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Ryoichi Mori
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takehiko Murase
- Division of Forensic Pathology and Science, Unit of Social Medicine, Course of Medical and Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kasai
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuya Ikematsu
- Division of Forensic Pathology and Science, Unit of Social Medicine, Course of Medical and Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sato
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
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Ahlström S, Ahlner J, Jönsson AK, Green H. The Importance of BHB Testing on the Post-Mortem Diagnosis of Ketoacidosis. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010009. [PMID: 35053157 PMCID: PMC8774197 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) analysis has proved its importance in forensic pathology, its effects on cause-of-death diagnostics are unaddressed. Therefore, this study aims at evaluating the effects of BHB analysis on the number of deaths by DKA (diabetes ketoacidosis), AKA (alcoholic ketoacidosis), HHS (hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state), hypothermia, diabetes, alcoholism, and acidosis NOS (not otherwise specified). All 2900 deaths from 2013 through 2019 in which BHB was analysed at the National Board of Forensic Medicine, and 1069 DKA, AKA, HHS, hypothermia, diabetes, alcoholism, and acidosis cases without BHB analysis were included. The prevalence of BHB-positive cases for each cause of death, and trends and proportions of different BHB concentrations, were investigated. The number of BHB analyses/year increased from 13 to 1417. AKA increased from three to 66 and acidosis from one to 20. The deaths from alcoholism, DKA, and hypothermia remained stable. It is unclear why death from alcoholism remained stable while AKA increased. The increase in unspecific acidosis deaths raises the question why a more specific diagnosis had not been used. In conclusion, BHB analysis is instrumental in detecting AKA and acidosis. The scientific basis for the diagnosis of DKA and hypothermia improved, but the number of cases did not change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stina Ahlström
- Department of Forensic Medicine, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 751 40 Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 582 25 Linkoping, Sweden; (J.A.); (A.K.J.); (H.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-(0)10-483-47-50
| | - Johan Ahlner
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 582 25 Linkoping, Sweden; (J.A.); (A.K.J.); (H.G.)
| | - Anna K. Jönsson
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 582 25 Linkoping, Sweden; (J.A.); (A.K.J.); (H.G.)
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 587 58 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Henrik Green
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 582 25 Linkoping, Sweden; (J.A.); (A.K.J.); (H.G.)
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 587 58 Linkoping, Sweden
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Thanuja MY, Suma BS, Dinesh D, Ranganath SH, Srinivas SP. Microtubule Stabilization Protects Hypothermia-Induced Damage to the Cytoskeleton and Barrier Integrity of the Corneal Endothelial Cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2021; 37:399-411. [PMID: 34227869 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2021.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the impact of hypothermia on the barrier function of donor corneal endothelium, thereby enhancing the success of corneal transplantation. Methods: Primary cultures of porcine endothelial cells were subjected to hypothermia (15 h; 4°C). The impact on microtubule assembly, peri-junctional actomyosin ring (PAMR), and ZO-1 was assessed by immunocytochemistry with and without pretreatment with a microtubule-stabilizing agent (Epothilone B; EpoB; 100 nM) and a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor (SB-203580; 20 μM). In addition, EpoB-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (ENPs) prepared by nanoprecipitation technique and coated with poly-L-lysine (PLL-ENPs) were administered one-time for sustained intracellular delivery of EpoB. Results: Exposure to hypothermia led to microtubule disassembly concomitant with the destruction of PAMR and the displacement of ZO-1 at the cellular periphery, suggesting a loss in barrier integrity. These adverse effects were attenuated by pretreatment with EpoB or SB-203580. PLL-ENPs possessed a zeta potential of ∼26 mV and a size of ∼110 nm. Drug loading and entrapment efficiency were 5% (w/w) and ∼87%, respectively, and PLL-ENPs showed a biphasic release in vitro: burst phase (1 day), followed by a sustained phase (∼4 weeks). Pretreatment with PLL-ENPs (0.4 mg/mL) for 24 h stabilized the microtubules and opposed the hypothermia-induced damage to PAMR and the redistribution of ZO-1. Conclusions: Hypothermia induces microtubule disassembly via activation of p38 MAP kinase and subsequently breaks down the barrier function of the endothelium. Sustained intracellular delivery of EpoB using nanoparticles has the potential to overcome endothelial barrier failure during prolonged cold storage of donor cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marasarakottige Y Thanuja
- Bio-INvENT Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
| | - Bangalore S Suma
- Bioimaging Facility, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, India
| | - Divyasree Dinesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
| | - Sudhir H Ranganath
- Bio-INvENT Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
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Cobb T, Damschroder D, Wessells R. Sestrin regulates acute chill coma recovery in Drosophila melanogaster. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 133:103548. [PMID: 33549817 PMCID: PMC8180487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
When chill-susceptible insects are exposed to low temperatures they enter a temporary state of paralysis referred to as a chill coma. The most well-studied physiological mechanism of chill coma onset and recovery involves regulation of ion homeostasis. Previous studies show that changes in metabolism may also underlie the ability to recovery quickly, but the roles of genes that regulate metabolic homeostasis in chill coma recovery time (CCRT) are not well understood. Here, we investigate the roles of Sestrin and Spargel (Drosophila homolog of PGC-1α), which are involved in metabolic homeostasis and substrate oxidation, on CCRT in Drosophila melanogaster. We find that sestrin and spargel mutants have impaired CCRT. sestrin is required in the muscle and nervous system tissue for normal CCRT and spargel is required in muscle and adipose. On the basis that exercise induces sestrin and spargel, we also test the interaction of cold and exercise. We find that pre-treatment with one of these stressors does not consistently confer acute protection against the other. We conclude that Sestrin and Spargel are important in the chill coma response, independent of their role in exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Cobb
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Deena Damschroder
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Robert Wessells
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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Liu C, Lee CY, Asher G, Cao L, Terakoshi Y, Cao P, Kobayakawa R, Kobayakawa K, Sakurai K, Liu Q. Posterior subthalamic nucleus (PSTh) mediates innate fear-associated hypothermia in mice. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2648. [PMID: 33976193 PMCID: PMC8113537 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural mechanisms of fear-associated thermoregulation remain unclear. Innate fear odor 2-methyl-2-thiazoline (2MT) elicits rapid hypothermia and elevated tail temperature, indicative of vasodilation-induced heat dissipation, in wild-type mice, but not in mice lacking Trpa1-the chemosensor for 2MT. Here we report that Trpa1-/- mice show diminished 2MT-evoked c-fos expression in the posterior subthalamic nucleus (PSTh), external lateral parabrachial subnucleus (PBel) and nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). Whereas tetanus toxin light chain-mediated inactivation of NTS-projecting PSTh neurons suppress, optogenetic activation of direct PSTh-rostral NTS pathway induces hypothermia and tail vasodilation. Furthermore, selective opto-stimulation of 2MT-activated, PSTh-projecting PBel neurons by capturing activated neuronal ensembles (CANE) causes hypothermia. Conversely, chemogenetic suppression of vGlut2+ neurons in PBel or PSTh, or PSTh-projecting PBel neurons attenuates 2MT-evoked hypothermia and tail vasodilation. These studies identify PSTh as a major thermoregulatory hub that connects PBel to NTS to mediate 2MT-evoked innate fear-associated hypothermia and tail vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Liu
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-NIBS Joint Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, China
| | - Chia-Ying Lee
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Greg Asher
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Liqin Cao
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuka Terakoshi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Peng Cao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research (TIMBR), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Reiko Kobayakawa
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ko Kobayakawa
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuyasu Sakurai
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Qinghua Liu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, China.
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research (TIMBR), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Matsuo T, Isosaka T, Hayashi Y, Tang L, Doi A, Yasuda A, Hayashi M, Lee CY, Cao L, Kutsuna N, Matsunaga S, Matsuda T, Yao I, Setou M, Kanagawa D, Higasa K, Ikawa M, Liu Q, Kobayakawa R, Kobayakawa K. Thiazoline-related innate fear stimuli orchestrate hypothermia and anti-hypoxia via sensory TRPA1 activation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2074. [PMID: 33824316 PMCID: PMC8024280 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiazoline-related innate fear-eliciting compounds (tFOs) orchestrate hypothermia, hypometabolism, and anti-hypoxia, which enable survival in lethal hypoxic conditions. Here, we show that most of these effects are severely attenuated in transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (Trpa1) knockout mice. TFO-induced hypothermia involves the Trpa1-mediated trigeminal/vagal pathways and non-Trpa1 olfactory pathway. TFOs activate Trpa1-positive sensory pathways projecting from trigeminal and vagal ganglia to the spinal trigeminal nucleus (Sp5) and nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), and their artificial activation induces hypothermia. TFO presentation activates the NTS-Parabrachial nucleus pathway to induce hypothermia and hypometabolism; this activation was suppressed in Trpa1 knockout mice. TRPA1 activation is insufficient to trigger tFO-mediated anti-hypoxic effects; Sp5/NTS activation is also necessary. Accordingly, we find a novel molecule that enables mice to survive in a lethal hypoxic condition ten times longer than known tFOs. Combinations of appropriate tFOs and TRPA1 command intrinsic physiological responses relevant to survival fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Matsuo
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Isosaka
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hayashi
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lijun Tang
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Doi
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aiko Yasuda
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mikio Hayashi
- Department of Cellular and Functional Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chia-Ying Lee
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Liqin Cao
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Natsumaro Kutsuna
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
- LPixel Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsuda
- Department of Optical Imaging, Institute for Medical Photonics Research, PMPERC and IMIC, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ikuko Yao
- Department of Optical Imaging, Institute for Medical Photonics Research, PMPERC and IMIC, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Setou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy and IMIC, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Dai Kanagawa
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Higasa
- Department of Genome Analysis, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Qinghua Liu
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Reiko Kobayakawa
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Ko Kobayakawa
- Department of Functional Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
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Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? We hypothesized that prior illness would increase the susceptibility to and severity of heat stroke (HS). What is the main finding and its importance? We provide the first experimental evidence, using a mouse model of HS, that recent viral illness increases the severity of HS. Our data indicate that this effect is not attributable to the exacerbation of hyperthermia but is a consequence of ongoing coagulation and systemic inflammatory reactions. Our data suggest that measurement of platelets, cytokines and chemokines before heat exposure might be indicative of susceptibility to HS, with coagulation and inflammation being potential targets for intervention that could improve recovery. ABSTRACT It is hypothesized that prior illness exacerbates heat stroke (HS) in otherwise healthy organisms by augmenting hyperthermia during heat exposure or deactivating cellular pathways that protect against organ injury. To test these hypotheses, we injected telemetered male C57BL/6J mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 50 µg kg-1 i.p.) or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PIC; 100 µg i.p.) as a bacterial or a viral mimic, respectively, with saline (SAL; equivalent volume) as a control. Mice recovered for 48 or 72 h before HS (maximal core temperature = 42.4°C). Platelet counts, cytokines, chemokines and organ injury were determined 48 or 72 h after injection (without heating) or at maximal core temperature and at 1 day of recovery from HS. In the absence of heat, PIC induced more robust signs of sickness and increased cytokines and chemokines (TNF-α, RANTES, IP-10 and MIP-1β) at 48 h, which was not observed with LPS (P < 0.05). Responses of both groups recovered by 72 h, although low platelet counts persisted after PIC (P < 0.05). Heat-induced hyperthermia was similar among mice injected with SAL, LPS and PIC; however, PIC-injected mice displayed more severe responses during recovery from HS, with reduced survival (48 h, 70 versus 100%; P < 0.05), deeper and longer post-HS hypothermia, greater reductions in platelets, elevated RANTES, IP-10, IL-6 and TNF-α and greater duodenal injury (P < 0.05). By 72 h, survival from HS was no longer reduced in PIC-injected mice, although hypothermia, the reduction in platelets and elevated cytokines persisted. Our data indicate that prior illness exacerbates the severity of HS in the absence of signs of illness at the time of heat exposure and suggest that this is attributable to persistent coagulation and inflammatory reactions that might be targets for intervention to improve recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauna M Dineen
- US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Thermal Mountain Medicine Division, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Jermaine A Ward
- US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Thermal Mountain Medicine Division, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Lisa R Leon
- US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Thermal Mountain Medicine Division, Natick, MA, USA
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Province HS, Xiao C, Mogul AS, Sahoo A, Jacobson KA, Piñol RA, Gavrilova O, Reitman ML. Activation of neuronal adenosine A1 receptors causes hypothermia through central and peripheral mechanisms. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243986. [PMID: 33326493 PMCID: PMC7743955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine, a danger signal, can cause hypothermia. We generated mice lacking neuronal adenosine A1 receptors (A1AR, encoded by the Adora1 gene) to examine the contribution of these receptors to hypothermia. Intracerebroventricular injection of the selective A1AR agonist (Cl-ENBA, 5'-chloro-5'-deoxy-N6-endo-norbornyladenosine) produced hypothermia, which was reduced in mice with deletion of A1AR in neurons. A non-brain penetrant A1AR agonist [SPA, N6-(p-sulfophenyl) adenosine] also caused hypothermia, in wild type but not mice lacking neuronal A1AR, suggesting that peripheral neuronal A1AR can also cause hypothermia. Mice expressing Cre recombinase from the Adora1 locus were generated to investigate the role of specific cell populations in body temperature regulation. Chemogenetic activation of Adora1-Cre-expressing cells in the preoptic area did not change body temperature. In contrast, activation of Adora1-Cre-expressing dorsomedial hypothalamus cells increased core body temperature, concordant with agonism at the endogenous inhibitory A1AR causing hypothermia. These results suggest that A1AR agonism causes hypothermia via two distinct mechanisms: brain neuronal A1AR and A1AR on neurons outside the blood-brain barrier. The variety of mechanisms that adenosine can use to induce hypothermia underscores the importance of hypothermia in the mouse response to major metabolic stress or injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley S. Province
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cuiying Xiao
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Allison S. Mogul
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ankita Sahoo
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ramón A. Piñol
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marc L. Reitman
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhang Z, Reis FMCV, He Y, Park JW, DiVittorio JR, Sivakumar N, van Veen JE, Maesta-Pereira S, Shum M, Nichols I, Massa MG, Anderson S, Paul K, Liesa M, Ajijola OA, Xu Y, Adhikari A, Correa SM. Estrogen-sensitive medial preoptic area neurons coordinate torpor in mice. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6378. [PMID: 33311503 PMCID: PMC7732979 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeotherms maintain a stable internal body temperature despite changing environments. During energy deficiency, some species can cease to defend their body temperature and enter a hypothermic and hypometabolic state known as torpor. Recent advances have revealed the medial preoptic area (MPA) as a key site for the regulation of torpor in mice. The MPA is estrogen-sensitive and estrogens also have potent effects on both temperature and metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that estrogen-sensitive neurons in the MPA can coordinate hypothermia and hypometabolism in mice. Selectively activating estrogen-sensitive MPA neurons was sufficient to drive a coordinated depression of metabolic rate and body temperature similar to torpor, as measured by body temperature, physical activity, indirect calorimetry, heart rate, and brain activity. Inducing torpor with a prolonged fast revealed larger and more variable calcium transients from estrogen-sensitive MPA neurons during bouts of hypothermia. Finally, whereas selective ablation of estrogen-sensitive MPA neurons demonstrated that these neurons are required for the full expression of fasting-induced torpor in both female and male mice, their effects on thermoregulation and torpor bout initiation exhibit differences across sex. Together, these findings suggest a role for estrogen-sensitive MPA neurons in directing the thermoregulatory and metabolic responses to energy deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fernando M C V Reis
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yanlin He
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Jae W Park
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johnathon R DiVittorio
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nilla Sivakumar
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Edward van Veen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Maesta-Pereira
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Shum
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - India Nichols
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Megan G Massa
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shawn Anderson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ketema Paul
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marc Liesa
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Olujimi A Ajijola
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yong Xu
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Avishek Adhikari
- Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie M Correa
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Tan YL, Ho HK. Hypothermia Advocates Functional Mitochondria and Alleviates Oxidative Stress to Combat Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112354. [PMID: 33114500 PMCID: PMC7693152 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For years, moderate hypothermia (32 °C) has been proposed as an unorthodox therapy for liver injuries, with proven hepatoprotective potential. Yet, limited mechanistic understanding has largely denied its acceptance over conventional pharmaceuticals for hepatoprotection. Today, facing a high prevalence of acetaminophen-induced liver injury (AILI) which accounts for the highest incidence of acute liver failure, hypothermia was evaluated as a potential therapy to combat AILI. For which, transforming growth factor-α transgenic mouse hepatocytes (TAMH) were subjected to concomitant 5 mM acetaminophen toxicity and moderate hypothermic conditioning for 24 h. Thereafter, its impact on mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, glutathione homeostasis and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways were investigated. In the presence of AILI, hypothermia displayed simultaneous mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis to conserve functional mitochondria. Furthermore, antioxidant response was apparent with higher glutathione recycling and repressed JNK activation. These effects were, however, unremarkable with hypothermia alone without liver injury. This may suggest an adaptive response of hypothermia only to the injured sites, rendering it favorable as a potential targeted therapy. In fact, its cytoprotective effects were displayed in other DILI of similar pathology as acetaminophen i.e., valproate- and diclofenac-induced liver injury and this further corroborates the mechanistic findings of hypothermic actions on AILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Lan Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore;
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Han Kiat Ho
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore;
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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McDonough W, Rich J, Aragon IV, Abou Saleh L, Boyd A, Richter A, Koloteva A, Richter W. Inhibition of type 4 cAMP-phosphodiesterases (PDE4s) in mice induces hypothermia via effects on behavioral and central autonomous thermoregulation. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 180:114158. [PMID: 32702371 PMCID: PMC7606724 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of Type 4 cAMP-phosphodiesterases (PDE4s) exert a number of promising therapeutic benefits, including potent anti-inflammatory, memory- and cognition-enhancing, metabolic, and antineoplastic effects. We report here that treatment with a number of distinct PDE4 inhibitors, including Rolipram, Piclamilast, Roflumilast and RS25344, but not treatment with the PDE3-selective inhibitor Cilostamide, induces a rapid (10-30 min), substantial (-5 °C) and long-lasting (up to 5 h) decrease in core body temperature of C57BL/6 mice; thus, identifying a critical role of PDE4 also in the regulation of body temperature. As little as 0.04 mg/kg of the archetypal PDE4 inhibitor Rolipram induces hypothermia. As similar or higher doses of Rolipram were used in a majority of published animal studies, most of the reported findings are likely paralleled by, or potentially impacted by hypothermia induced by these drugs. We further show that PDE4 inhibition affects central body temperature regulation and acts by lowering the cold-defense balance point of behavioral (including posture and locomotion) and autonomous (including cutaneous tail vasodilation) cold-defense mechanisms. In line with the idea of an effect on central body temperature regulation, hypothermia is induced by moderate doses of various brain-penetrant PDE4 inhibitors, but not by similar doses of YM976, a PDE4 inhibitor that does not efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier. Finally, to begin delineating the mechanism of drug-induced hypothermia, we show that blockade of D2/3-type dopaminergic, but not β-adrenergic, H1-histaminergic or opiate receptors, can alleviate PDE4 inhibitor-induced hypothermia. We thus propose that increased D2/3-type dopaminergic signaling, triggered by PDE4 inhibitor-induced and cAMP-mediated dopamine release in the thermoregulatory centers of the hypothalamus, is a significant contributor to PDE4 inhibitor-induced hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will McDonough
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Justin Rich
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Ileana V Aragon
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Lina Abou Saleh
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Abigail Boyd
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Aris Richter
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Anna Koloteva
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Wito Richter
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States.
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Reinisch I, Schreiber R, Prokesch A. Regulation of thermogenic adipocytes during fasting and cold. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 512:110869. [PMID: 32439414 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cold exposure activates brown and brown-like adipocytes that dissipate large amounts of glucose and fatty acids via uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) to drive non-shivering thermogenesis (NST). Evidence for the existence of these thermogenic adipocytes in adult humans gave rise to a renaissance in research on brown adipose tissue, establishing it as linchpin of energy homeostasis and metabolic health. Besides low ambient temperature, shortage or excess of food affect thermoregulation. Upon high caloric meals thermogenic adipocytes burn excess calories and maintain energy balance. In contrast, in conditions of nutrient deprivation, counter-regulatory mechanisms prevent thermogenic adipocytes from "wasting" energy substrates that need to be conserved. In this review, we discuss cell-autonomous mechanisms, metabolites, and hormones that modify NST in response to nutrient fluctuations. In particular, we focus on how thermogenic adipocytes balance thermogenesis with systemic energy homeostasis during fasting periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Reinisch
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Renate Schreiber
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Prokesch
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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Bustelo M, Bruno MA, Loidl CF, Rey-Funes M, Steinbusch HWM, Gavilanes AWD, van den Hove DLA. Statistical differences resulting from selection of stable reference genes after hypoxia and hypothermia in the neonatal rat brain. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233387. [PMID: 32437382 PMCID: PMC7241816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Real-time reverse transcription PCR (qPCR) normalized to an internal reference gene (RG), is a frequently used method for quantifying gene expression changes in neuroscience. Although RG expression is assumed to be constant independent of physiological or experimental conditions, several studies have shown that commonly used RGs are not expressed stably. The use of unstable RGs has a profound effect on the conclusions drawn from studies on gene expression, and almost universally results in spurious estimation of target gene expression. Approaches aimed at selecting and validating RGs often make use of different statistical methods, which may lead to conflicting results. Based on published RG validation studies involving hypoxia the present study evaluates the expression of 5 candidate RGs (Actb, Pgk1, Sdha, Gapdh, Rnu6b) as a function of hypoxia exposure and hypothermic treatment in the neonatal rat cerebral cortex–in order to identify RGs that are stably expressed under these experimental conditions–using several statistical approaches that have been proposed to validate RGs. In doing so, we first analyzed RG ranking stability proposed by several widely used statistical methods and related tools, i.e. the Coefficient of Variation (CV) analysis, GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and the ΔCt method. Using the Geometric mean rank, Pgk1 was identified as the most stable gene. Subsequently, we compared RG expression patterns between the various experimental groups. We found that these statistical methods, next to producing different rankings per se, all ranked RGs displaying significant differences in expression levels between groups as the most stable RG. As a consequence, when assessing the impact of RG selection on target gene expression quantification, substantial differences in target gene expression profiles were observed. Altogether, by assessing mRNA expression profiles within the neonatal rat brain cortex in hypoxia and hypothermia as a showcase, this study underlines the importance of further validating RGs for each individual experimental paradigm, considering the limitations of the statistical methods used for this aim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Bustelo
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - Martín A. Bruno
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina
| | - César F. Loidl
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manuel Rey-Funes
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Harry W. M. Steinbusch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio W. D. Gavilanes
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación de Salud Integral, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - D. L. A. van den Hove
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Sun L, Yan J, Goh HJ, Govindharajulu P, Verma S, Michael N, Sadananthan SA, Henry CJ, Velan SS, Leow MKS. Fibroblast Growth Factor-21, Leptin, and Adiponectin Responses to Acute Cold-Induced Brown Adipose Tissue Activation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5698244. [PMID: 31912874 PMCID: PMC7015460 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipocyte-derived hormones play a role in insulin sensitivity and energy homeostasis. However, the relationship between circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), adipocytokines and cold-induced supraclavicular brown adipose tissue (sBAT) activation is underexplored. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to investigate the relationships between cold-induced sBAT activity and plasma FGF21 and adipocytokines levels in healthy adults. DESIGN Nineteen healthy participants underwent energy expenditure (EE) and supraclavicular infrared thermography (IRT) within a whole-body calorimeter at baseline and at 2 hours post-cold exposure. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging scans were performed post-cold exposure. PET sBAT mean standardized uptake value (SUV mean), MR supraclavicular fat fraction (sFF), anterior supraclavicular maximum temperature (Tscv max) and EE change (%) after cold exposure were used to quantify sBAT activity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Plasma FGF21, leptin, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) at baseline and 2 hours post-cold exposure. Body composition at baseline by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS Plasma FGF21 and adiponectin levels were significantly reduced after cold exposure in BAT-positive subjects but not in BAT-negative subjects. Leptin concentration was significantly reduced in both BAT-positive and BAT-negative participants after cold exposure. Adiponectin concentration at baseline was positively strongly associated with sBAT PET SUV mean (coefficient, 3269; P = 0.01) and IRT Tscv max (coefficient, 6801; P = 0.03), and inversely correlated with MR sFF (coefficient, -404; P = 0.02) after cold exposure in BAT-positive subjects but not in BAT-negative subjects. CONCLUSION Higher adiponectin concentrations at baseline indicate a greater cold-induced sBAT activity, which may be a novel predictor for sBAT activity in healthy BAT-positive adults. HIGHLIGHTS A higher adiponectin concentration at baseline was associated with higher cold-induced supraclavicular BAT PET SUV mean and IRT Tscv max, and lower MR supraclavicular FF. Adiponectin levels maybe a novel predictor for cold-induced sBAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Sun
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Jianhua Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Molecular Imaging Precision Medicine Collaborative Innovation Centre, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui Jen Goh
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Priya Govindharajulu
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Sanjay Verma
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Navin Michael
- Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Suresh Anand Sadananthan
- Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Christiani Jeyakumar Henry
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - S Sendhil Velan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Departments of Physiology & Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Melvin Khee-Shing Leow
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore
- Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital (TTSH), Singapore
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Melvin Khee-Shing Leow, MD, PhD, FACP, FACE (USA), FRCP (Edin), FRCPath, Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive #07-02, MD 6 Building, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore 117599.
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Shida A, Ikeda T, Tani N, Morioka F, Aoki Y, Ikeda K, Watanabe M, Ishikawa T. Cortisol levels after cold exposure are independent of adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0218910. [PMID: 32069307 PMCID: PMC7028257 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that postmortem serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were significantly higher in cases of hypothermia (cold exposure) than other causes of death. This study examined how the human hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and specifically cortisol, responds to hypothermia. Human samples: Autopsies on 205 subjects (147 men and 58 women; age 15-98 years, median 60 years) were performed within 3 days of death. Cause of death was classified as either hypothermia (cold exposure, n = 14) or non-cold exposure (controls; n = 191). Cortisol levels were determined in blood samples obtained from the left and right cardiac chambers and common iliac veins using a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Adrenal gland tissues samples were stained for cortisol using a rabbit anti-human polyclonal antibody. Cell culture: AtT20, a mouse ACTH secretory cell line, and Y-1, a corticosterone secretory cell line derived from a mouse adrenal tumor, were analyzed in mono-and co-culture, and times courses of ACTH (in AtT20) and corticosterone (in Y-1) secretion were assessed after low temperature exposure mimicking hypothermia and compared with data for samples collected postmortem for other cases of death. However, no correlation between ACTH concentration and cortisol levels was observed in hypothermia cases. Immunohistologic analyses of samples from hypothermia cases showed that cortisol staining was localized primarily to the nucleus rather than the cytoplasm of cells in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland. During both mono-culture and co-culture, AtT20 cells secreted high levels of ACTH after 10-15 minutes of cold exposure, whereas corticosterone secretion by Y-1 cells increased slowly during the first 15-20 minutes of cold exposure. Similar to autopsy results, no correlation was detected between ACTH levels and corticosterone secretion, either in mono-culture or co-culture experiments. These results suggested that ACTH-independent cortisol secretion may function as a stress response during cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Shida
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomoya Ikeda
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
- Forensic Autopsy Section, Medico-legal Consultation and Postmortem Investigation Support Center (MLCPI-SC), Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoto Tani
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
- Forensic Autopsy Section, Medico-legal Consultation and Postmortem Investigation Support Center (MLCPI-SC), Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumiya Morioka
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yayoi Aoki
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Ikeda
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miho Watanabe
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Health and Medical Science Innovation laboratory, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takaki Ishikawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
- Forensic Autopsy Section, Medico-legal Consultation and Postmortem Investigation Support Center (MLCPI-SC), Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
Host defense relies not only on microbicidal mechanisms (resistance), but also on management of collateral damage (tolerance). Here, we discuss how this immunology concept converges with a physiology-born theory on the dichotomy of thermometabolic responses in infection (fever versus hypothermia), yielding a model of immunity that transcends discipline barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre A Steiner
- Neuroimmunology of Sepsis Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508, Brazil.
| | - Andrej A Romanovsky
- Thermoregulation and Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), Trauma Research, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
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Hashem M, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Johnson TW, Dunn JF. Using a multimodal near-infrared spectroscopy and MRI to quantify gray matter metabolic rate for oxygen: A hypothermia validation study. Neuroimage 2019; 206:116315. [PMID: 31669409 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive quantitative imaging of cerebral oxygen metabolism (CMRO2) in small animal models is crucial to understand the role of oxidative metabolism in healthy and diseased brains. In this study, we developed a multimodal method combining near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and MRI to non-invasively study oxygen delivery and consumption in the cortex of mouse and rat models. The term CASNIRS is proposed to the technique that measures CMRO2 with ASL and NIRS. To determine the reliability of this method, CMRO2 values were compared with reported values measured with other techniques. Also, the sensitivity of the CASNIRS technique to detect changes in CMRO2 in the cortex of the animals was assessed by applying a reduction in core temperature, which is known to reduce CMRO2. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CMRO2 were measured in five mice and five rats at a core temperature of 37 °C followed by another measurement at 33 °C. CMRO2 was 7.8 ± 1.8 and 3.7 ± 0.9 (ml/100 g/min, mean ± SD) in mice and rats respectively. These values are in good agreement with reported values measured by 15O PET, 17O NMR, and BOLD fMRI. In hypothermia, we detected a significant decrease of 37% and 32% in CMRO2 in the cortex of mice and rats, respectively. Q10 was calculated to be 3.2 in mice and 2.7 in rats. In this study we showed that it is possible to assess absolute values of metabolic correlates such as CMRO2, CBF and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) noninvasively in living brain of mice and rats by combining NIRS with MRI. This will open new possibilities for studying brain metabolism in patients as well as the many mouse/rat models of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mada Hashem
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Thomas W Johnson
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jeff F Dunn
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Xiao C, Liu N, Jacobson KA, Gavrilova O, Reitman ML. Physiology and effects of nucleosides in mice lacking all four adenosine receptors. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000161. [PMID: 30822301 PMCID: PMC6415873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is a constituent of many molecules of life; increased free extracellular adenosine indicates cell damage or metabolic stress. The importance of adenosine signaling in basal physiology, as opposed to adaptive responses to danger/damage situations, is unclear. We generated mice lacking all four adenosine receptors (ARs), Adora1−/−;Adora2a−/−;Adora2b−/−;Adora3−/− (quad knockout [QKO]), to enable investigation of the AR dependence of physiologic processes, focusing on body temperature. The QKO mice demonstrate that ARs are not required for growth, metabolism, breeding, and body temperature regulation (diurnal variation, response to stress, and torpor). However, the mice showed decreased survival starting at about 15 weeks of age. While adenosine agonists cause profound hypothermia via each AR, adenosine did not cause hypothermia (or bradycardia or hypotension) in QKO mice, indicating that AR-independent signals do not contribute to adenosine-induced hypothermia. The hypothermia elicited by adenosine kinase inhibition (with A134974), inosine, or uridine also required ARs, as each was abolished in the QKO mice. The proposed mechanism for uridine-induced hypothermia is inhibition of adenosine transport by uridine, increasing local extracellular adenosine levels. In contrast, adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)–induced hypothermia was attenuated in QKO mice, demonstrating roles for both AR-dependent and AR-independent mechanisms in this process. The physiology of the QKO mice appears to be the sum of the individual knockout mice, without clear evidence for synergy, indicating that the actions of the four ARs are generally complementary. The phenotype of the QKO mice suggests that, while extracellular adenosine is a signal of stress, damage, and/or danger, it is less important for baseline regulation of body temperature. A study of mice lacking all four adenosine receptors shows that while they mediate effects of uridine, inosine and adenosine, these receptors are dispensable for growth, metabolism, breeding, and body temperature regulation. This suggests that extracellular adenosine is a damage or danger signal, rather than a major regulator of baseline physiology. Elevated extracellular adenosine generally indicates metabolic stress or cell damage and regulates many aspects of physiology. We studied “QKO” mice lacking all four adenosine receptors. Young QKO mice do not appear obviously ill, but do show decreased survival later in life. QKO mice demonstrate that adenosine receptors are not required for growth, metabolism, breeding, and body temperature regulation. QKO mice are missing the pharmacologic effects of adenosine on body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. Therefore, all of these effects are mediated by the four adenosine receptors. We also determined that the hypothermic effects of a pharmacologic adenosine kinase inhibitor (A134974), uridine, or inosine each requires adenosine receptors. The uridine-induced hypothermia is likely due to its inhibition of adenosine uptake into cells. QKO mouse physiology appears to be the sum of the individual knockout mice, without evidence for synergy, indicating that the actions of the four adenosine receptors are generally complementary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiying Xiao
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Naili Liu
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marc L. Reitman
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Carlin JL, Jain S, Duroux R, Suresh RR, Xiao C, Auchampach JA, Jacobson KA, Gavrilova O, Reitman ML. Activation of adenosine A 2A or A 2B receptors causes hypothermia in mice. Neuropharmacology 2018; 139:268-278. [PMID: 29548686 PMCID: PMC6067974 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine is a danger/injury signal that initiates protective physiology, such as hypothermia. Adenosine has been shown to trigger hypothermia via agonism at A1 and A3 adenosine receptors (A1AR, A3AR). Here, we find that adenosine continues to elicit hypothermia in mice null for A1AR and A3AR and investigated the effect of agonism at A2AAR or A2BAR. The poorly brain penetrant A2AAR agonists CGS-21680 and PSB-0777 caused hypothermia, which was not seen in mice lacking A2AAR. MRS7352, a likely non-brain penetrant A2AAR antagonist, inhibited PSB-0777 hypothermia. While vasodilation is probably a contributory mechanism, A2AAR agonism also caused hypometabolism, indicating that vasodilation is not the sole mechanism. The A2BAR agonist BAY60-6583 elicited hypothermia, which was lost in mice null for A2BAR. Low intracerebroventricular doses of BAY60-6583 also caused hypothermia, indicating a brain site of action, with neuronal activation in the preoptic area and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Thus, agonism at any one of the canonical adenosine receptors, A1AR, A2AAR, A2BAR, or A3AR, can cause hypothermia. This four-fold redundancy in adenosine-mediated initiation of hypothermia may reflect the centrality of hypothermia as a protective response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Lea Carlin
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shalini Jain
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Romain Duroux
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - R Rama Suresh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cuiying Xiao
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John A Auchampach
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Marc L Reitman
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Pastukhov A, Borisova T. Levetiracetam-mediated improvement of decreased NMDA-induced glutamate release from nerve terminals during hypothermia. Brain Res 2018; 1699:69-78. [PMID: 30343685 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A combination of a beneficial neuroprotectant, hypothermia, with targeted medication is a perspective therapeutic approach. Here, we analyzed both non-specific (deep and profound hypothermia, 27 °C and 17 °C, respectively) and targeted (anticonvulsant drug levetiracetam) modulation of l-[14C]glutamate release induced by activation of presynaptic NMDA, AMPA, and kainate receptors in rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes). Gradual dynamics of hypothermia-mediated decrease in synaptosomal l-[14C]glutamate release evoked by the receptor agonists NMDA-, AMPA-, and kainate (250 μM) has been demonstrated that can be of value for the justification of optimal temperature regimes in therapeutic hypothermia. 250 μM NMDA-induced l-[14C]glutamate release from nerve terminals was higher in the presence of levetiracetam (100 μM) as compared to that without the drug. Despite levetiracetam effects decreased in hypothermia, combined application of hypothermia and levetiracetam resulted in higher NMDA-induced l-[14C]glutamate release from nerve terminals as compared to that without the drug. These effects were not revealed for synaptosomal AMPA- and kainate-induced l-[14C]glutamate release in the presence of levetiracetam at the similar concentration. Therefore, levetiracetam administration significantly mitigated a hypothermia-induced decrease in NMDA receptor response at the presynaptic level and can be used for the targeted neurocorrection to reduce side effects of hypothermia in cardiac surgery. However, levetiracetam-mediated improvement of NMDA receptor response is not applicable in stroke, brain trauma and neonatal asphyxia therapies, where the main neuroprotective action of hypothermia is associated with prevention of damaging consequence of pre-existing acute glutamate exitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pastukhov
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01030, Ukraine.
| | - T Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01030, Ukraine.
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Gehrand AL, Hoeynck B, Jablonski M, Leonovicz C, Cullinan WE, Raff H. Programming of the Adult HPA Axis After Neonatal Separation and Environmental Stress in Male and Female Rats. Endocrinology 2018; 159:2777-2789. [PMID: 29878093 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Maternal separation, hypoxia, and hypothermia are common stressors in the premature neonate. Using our rat model of human prematurity, we evaluated sexual dimorphisms in the long-term effects of these neonatal stressors on behavior of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in adult rats. Neonatal rats were exposed daily on postnatal days 2 to 6 to maternal separation with normoxia, with hypoxia allowing spontaneous hypothermia, with hypothermia per se, and with hypoxia while maintaining isothermia with external heat. The major findings were that (a) prior maternal-neonatal separation during the first week of postnatal life attenuated the plasma ACTH and corticosterone response to restraint stress in adult male but not female rats, (b) prior neonatal hypothermia augmented the plasma ACTH and corticosterone response to restraint stress in adult male rats, but not female rats, and (c) changes in hypothalamic, pituitary, and adrenal mRNA expression did not account for most of these HPA axis effects. Most of the programming effects on adult HPA axis was attributed to prior maternal-neonatal separation alone (with normoxia) because the addition of hypoxia with spontaneous hypothermia, hypothermia per se, and hypoxia while preventing hypothermia during maternal-neonatal separation had minimal effects on the HPA axis. These results may inform strategies to prevent sexually dimorphic sequelae of neonatal stress including those due to medical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Gehrand
- Endocrine Research Laboratory, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Brian Hoeynck
- Endocrine Research Laboratory, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mack Jablonski
- Endocrine Research Laboratory, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Cole Leonovicz
- Endocrine Research Laboratory, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - William E Cullinan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Hershel Raff
- Endocrine Research Laboratory, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Cao Z, Balasubramanian A, Pedersen SE, Romero J, Pautler RG, Marrelli SP. TRPV1-mediated Pharmacological Hypothermia Promotes Improved Functional Recovery Following Ischemic Stroke. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17685. [PMID: 29247238 PMCID: PMC5732157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothermia shows promise for stroke neuroprotection, but current cooling strategies cause undesirable side effects that limit their clinical applications. Increasing efforts have focused on pharmacological hypothermia as a treatment option for stroke. Previously, we showed that activation of a thermoregulatory ion channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), by dihydrocapsaicin (DHC) produces reliable hypothermia. In this study, we investigate the effects of TRPV1-mediated hypothermia by DHC on long-term ischemic stroke injury and functional outcome. Hypothermia initiated at 3.5 hours after stroke significantly reduced primary cortical injury. Interestingly, hypothermia by DHC also significantly reduced secondary thalamic injury, as DHC-treated stroke mice exhibited 53% smaller thalamic lesion size. DHC-treated stroke mice further demonstrated decreased neuronal loss and astrogliosis in the thalamus and less thalamic fiber loss by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Importantly, a single 8 hour treatment of hypothermia by DHC after stroke provided long-term improvement in functional outcome, as DHC-treated mice exhibited improved behavioral recovery at one month post-stroke. These findings indicate that TRPV1-mediated hypothermia is effective in reducing both primary cortical injury and remote secondary thalamic injury, and a single treatment can produce persistent effects on functional recovery. These data highlight the therapeutic potential for TRPV1 agonism for stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Cao
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics-Cardiovascular Sciences Track, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Steen E Pedersen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics-Cardiovascular Sciences Track, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan Romero
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robia G Pautler
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics-Cardiovascular Sciences Track, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sean P Marrelli
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Wu D, Shi J, Elmadhoun O, Duan Y, An H, Zhang J, He X, Meng R, Liu X, Ji X, Ding Y. Dihydrocapsaicin (DHC) enhances the hypothermia-induced neuroprotection following ischemic stroke via PI3K/Akt regulation in rat. Brain Res 2017; 1671:18-25. [PMID: 28684048 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypothermia has demonstrated neuroprotection following ischemia in preclinical studies while its clinical application is still very limited. The aim of this study was to explore whether combining local hypothermia in ischemic territory achieved by intra-arterial cold infusions (IACIs) with pharmacologically induced hypothermia enhances therapeutic outcomes, as well as the underlying mechanism. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2h using intraluminal hollow filament. The ischemic rats were randomized to receive: 1) pharmacological hypothermia by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of dihydrocapsaicin (DHC); 2) physical hypothermia by IACIs for 10min; or 3) the combined treatments. Extent of brain injury was determined by neurological deficit, infarct volume, and apoptotic cell death at 24h and/or 7d following reperfusion. ATP and ROS levels were measured. Expression of p-Akt, cleaved Caspase-3, pro-apoptotic (AIF, Bax) and anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL) was evaluated at 24h. Finally, PI3K inhibitor was used to determine the effect of p-Akt. RESULTS DHC or IACIs each exhibited hypothermic effect and neuroprotection in rat MCAO models. The combination of pharmacological and physical approaches led to a faster and sustained reduction in brain temperatures and improved ischemia-induced injury than either alone (P<0.01). Furthermore, the combination treatment favorably increased the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and decreased pro-apoptotic protein levels (P<0.01 or 0.05). This neuroprotective effect was largely blocked by p-Akt inhibition, indicating a potential role of Akt pathway in this mechanism (P<0.01 or 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The combination approach is able to enhance the efficiency of hypothermia and efficacy of hypothermia-induced neuroprotection following ischemic stroke. The findings here move us a step closer towards translating this long recognized TH from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Conditioning Translational Medicine, Beijing, China; Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Jingfei Shi
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Conditioning Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Omar Elmadhoun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yunxia Duan
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong An
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoduo He
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Meng
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangrong Liu
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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