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Qian K, Tol MJ, Wu J, Uchiyama LF, Xiao X, Cui L, Bedard AH, Weston TA, Rajendran PS, Vergnes L, Shimanaka Y, Yin Y, Jami-Alahmadi Y, Cohn W, Bajar BT, Lin CH, Jin B, DeNardo LA, Black DL, Whitelegge JP, Wohlschlegel JA, Reue K, Shivkumar K, Chen FJ, Young SG, Li P, Tontonoz P. CLSTN3β enforces adipocyte multilocularity to facilitate lipid utilization. Nature 2023; 613:160-168. [PMID: 36477540 PMCID: PMC9995219 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multilocular adipocytes are a hallmark of thermogenic adipose tissue1,2, but the factors that enforce this cellular phenotype are largely unknown. Here, we show that an adipocyte-selective product of the Clstn3 locus (CLSTN3β) present in only placental mammals facilitates the efficient use of stored triglyceride by limiting lipid droplet (LD) expansion. CLSTN3β is an integral endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein that localizes to ER-LD contact sites through a conserved hairpin-like domain. Mice lacking CLSTN3β have abnormal LD morphology and altered substrate use in brown adipose tissue, and are more susceptible to cold-induced hypothermia despite having no defect in adrenergic signalling. Conversely, forced expression of CLSTN3β is sufficient to enforce a multilocular LD phenotype in cultured cells and adipose tissue. CLSTN3β associates with cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector proteins and impairs their ability to transfer lipid between LDs, thereby restricting LD fusion and expansion. Functionally, increased LD surface area in CLSTN3β-expressing adipocytes promotes engagement of the lipolytic machinery and facilitates fatty acid oxidation. In human fat, CLSTN3B is a selective marker of multilocular adipocytes. These findings define a molecular mechanism that regulates LD form and function to facilitate lipid utilization in thermogenic adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Qian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marcus J Tol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jin Wu
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lauren F Uchiyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xu Xiao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Liujuan Cui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander H Bedard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Weston
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pradeep S Rajendran
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuta Shimanaka
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yesheng Yin
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yasaman Jami-Alahmadi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Whitaker Cohn
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bryce T Bajar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chia-Ho Lin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benita Jin
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Laura A DeNardo
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Douglas L Black
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julian P Whitelegge
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James A Wohlschlegel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kalyanam Shivkumar
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Feng-Jung Chen
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Stephen G Young
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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2
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Laurent C, Marano A, Baldit A, Ferrari M, Perrin JC, Perroud O, Bianchi A, Kempf H. A preliminary study exploring the mechanical properties of normal and Mgp-deficient mouse femurs during early growth. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2022; 236:1106-1117. [PMID: 35778813 DOI: 10.1177/09544119221109019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is mostly known to be a calcification inhibitor, as its absence leads to ectopic calcification of different tissues such as cartilage or arteries. MGP deficiency also leads to low bone mass and delayed bone growth. In the present contribution, we investigate the effect of MGP deficiency on the structural and material mechanical bone properties by focusing on the elastic response of femurs undergoing three-points bending. To this aim, biomechanical tests are performed on femurs issued from Mgp-deficient mice at 14, 21, 28, and 35 days of postnatal life and compared to healthy control femurs. µCT acquisitions enable to reconstruct bone geometries and are used to construct subject-specific finite element models avoiding some of the reported limitations concerning the use of beam-like assumptions for small bone samples. Our results indicate that MGP deficiency may be associated to differences in both structural and material properties of femurs during early stages of development. MGP deficiency appears to be related to a decrease in bone dimensions, compensated by higher material properties resulting in similar structural bone properties at P35. The search for a unique density-elasticity relationship based on calibrated bone mineral density (BMD) indicates that MGP deficiency may affect bone tissue in several ways, that may not be represented uniquely from the quantification of BMD. Despite of its limitation to elastic response, the present preliminary study reports for the very first time the mechanical skeletal properties of Mgp-deficient mice at early stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Laurent
- CNRS UMR 7239 LEM3, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Alexandre Marano
- CNRS UMR 7365 IMoPA, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Adrien Baldit
- CNRS UMR 7239 LEM3, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Maude Ferrari
- CNRS UMR 7563 LEMTA, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Arnaud Bianchi
- CNRS UMR 7365 IMoPA, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Hervé Kempf
- CNRS UMR 7365 IMoPA, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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3
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Kim K, Jung SM. Desflurane and remifentanil anesthesia in a child with citrin deficiency: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28954. [PMID: 35244055 PMCID: PMC8896430 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Hyperammonemia, metabolic derangement, and/or the prolonged effects of anesthetics may lead to delayed emergence from general anesthesia as well as the onset of type 2 citrullinemia, even in compensated patients with citrin deficiency. PATIENT CONCERN A 5-year-old girl with citrin deficiency was scheduled for blepharoplasty under general anesthesia. She developed hyperammonemia with temporary interruption of medication for a few days before surgery. DIAGNOSIS The patient was genetically diagnosed as citrin deficiency with a mutation in the SLC25A13 gene via newborn screening for metabolic disorders. Her citrulline and ammonia levels were well-controlled with arginine medication and protein-rich diet. Her elevated ammonia level by temporary interruption of medication was corrected with resumption of arginine medication and protein-rich diet before surgery. INTERVENTIONS We used desflurane and remifentanil for general anesthesia to avoid hyperammonemia and delayed emergence. End-tidal desflurane concentration and anesthetic depth were carefully monitored to avoid excessive anesthesia. OUTCOMES She recovered consciousness with slightly increased ammonia level immediately after anesthesia. LESSIONS General anesthesia of the shortest duration with the least metabolized drugs using desflurane and remifentanil, would be beneficial for rapid emergence in surgical patients with citrin deficiency. Maintenance of nitrogen scavenging medication, a protein-rich diet, and serial measurement of ammonia levels in the perioperative period are also important for avoiding hyperammonemia-related neurological dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanghui Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Mee Jung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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4
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Wang SB, Narendran S, Hirahara S, Varshney A, Pereira F, Apicella I, Ambati M, Ambati VL, Yerramothu P, Ambati K, Nagasaka Y, Argyle D, Huang P, Baker KL, Marion KM, Gupta K, Liu B, Hinton DR, Canna SW, Sallam T, Sadda SR, Kerur N, Gelfand BD, Ambati J. DDX17 is an essential mediator of sterile NLRC4 inflammasome activation by retrotransposon RNAs. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabi4493. [PMID: 34860583 PMCID: PMC8767314 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abi4493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Detection of microbial products by multiprotein complexes known as inflammasomes is pivotal to host defense against pathogens. Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) CARD domain containing 4 (NLRC4) forms an inflammasome in response to bacterial products; this requires their detection by NLR family apoptosis inhibitory proteins (NAIPs), with which NLRC4 physically associates. However, the mechanisms underlying sterile NLRC4 inflammasome activation, which is implicated in chronic noninfectious diseases, remain unknown. Here, we report that endogenous short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) RNAs, which promote atrophic macular degeneration (AMD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), induce NLRC4 inflammasome activation independent of NAIPs. We identify DDX17, a DExD/H box RNA helicase, as the sensor of SINE RNAs that licenses assembly of an inflammasome comprising NLRC4, NLR pyrin domain–containing protein 3, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein–containing CARD and induces caspase-1 activation and cytokine release. Inhibiting DDX17-mediated NLRC4 inflammasome activation decreased interleukin-18 release in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with SLE and prevented retinal degeneration in an animal model of AMD. Our findings uncover a previously unrecognized noncanonical NLRC4 inflammasome activated by endogenous retrotransposons and provide potential therapeutic targets for SINE RNA–driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-bin Wang
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Siddharth Narendran
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Aravind Eye Care System, Madurai, India
| | - Shuichiro Hirahara
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Akhil Varshney
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Felipe Pereira
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Departamento de Oftalmologia e Ciências Visuais, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Ivana Apicella
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Meenakshi Ambati
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Digital Image Evaluation, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Vidya L. Ambati
- Center for Digital Image Evaluation, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Praveen Yerramothu
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kameshwari Ambati
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yosuke Nagasaka
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Dionne Argyle
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Peirong Huang
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | | | - Kartik Gupta
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David R. Hinton
- Departments of Pathology and Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Scott W. Canna
- Pediatric Rheumatology & RK Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tamer Sallam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, Center for Health Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Srinivas R. Sadda
- Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nagaraj Kerur
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bradley D. Gelfand
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jayakrishna Ambati
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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5
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Okamoto M, Okano Y, Okano M, Yazaki M, Inui A, Ohura T, Murayama K, Watanabe Y, Tokuhara D, Takeshima Y. Food Preferences of Patients with Citrin Deficiency. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093123. [PMID: 34579000 PMCID: PMC8468903 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrin deficiency is characterized by a wide range of symptoms from infancy through adulthood and presents a distinct preference for a diet composed of high protein, high fat, and low carbohydrate. The present study elucidates the important criteria by patients with citrin deficiency for food selection through detailed analysis of their food preferences. The survey was conducted in 70 citrin-deficient patients aged 2–63 years and 55 control subjects aged 2–74 years and inquired about their preference for 435 food items using a scale of 1–4 (the higher, the more favored). The results showed that the foods marked as “dislike” accounted for 36.5% in the patient group, significantly higher than the 16.0% in the controls. The results also showed that patients clearly disliked foods with 20–24 (% of energy) or less protein, 45–54% (of energy) or less fat, and 30–39% (of energy) or more carbohydrate. Multiple regression analysis showed carbohydrates had the strongest influence on patients’ food preference (β = −0.503). It also showed female patients had a stronger aversion to foods with high carbohydrates than males. The protein, fat, and carbohydrate energy ratio (PFC) of highly favored foods among patients was almost the same as the average PFC ratio of their daily diet (protein 20–22: fat 47–51: carbohydrates 28–32). The data strongly suggest that from early infancy, patients start aspiring to a nutritional balance that can compensate for the metabolism dissonance caused by citrin deficiency in every food.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshiyuki Okano
- Okano Children’s Clinic, Izumi 594-0071, Japan;
- Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-725-40-1199; Fax: +81-725-40-1099
| | - Mai Okano
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan;
| | - Masahide Yazaki
- Department of Biological Sciences for Intractable Neurological Disorders, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano 390-8621, Japan;
| | - Ayano Inui
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Tobu Hospital, Yokohama 230-0012, Japan;
| | - Toshihiro Ohura
- Division of Clinical Laboratory, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai 982-8502, Japan;
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children’s Hospital, Chiba 266-0007, Japan;
| | - Yoriko Watanabe
- Research Institute of Medical Mass Spectrometry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan;
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tokuhara
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka 545-0051, Japan;
| | - Yasuhiro Takeshima
- Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan;
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6
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Fernández Tomé L, Stark Aroeira LG, Muñoz Bartolo G, de la Vega Bueno A, Camarena Grande C, Frauca Remacha E, Lledín Barbancho D, Alós Díez M, Quiles Blanco MJ, Guerra L, López Santamaría M, Hierro Llanillo L. Citrin deficiency: Early severe cases in a European country. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101595. [PMID: 33386245 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gema Muñoz Bartolo
- Paediatric Hepatology Service, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - María Alós Díez
- Paediatric Hepatology Service, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Laura Guerra
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Polla DL, Edmondson AC, Duvet S, March ME, Sousa AB, Lehman A, Niyazov D, van Dijk F, Demirdas S, van Slegtenhorst MA, Kievit AJA, Schulz C, Armstrong L, Bi X, Rader DJ, Izumi K, Zackai EH, de Franco E, Jorge P, Huffels SC, Hommersom M, Ellard S, Lefeber DJ, Santani A, Hand NJ, van Bokhoven H, He M, de Brouwer APM. Bi-allelic variants in the ER quality-control mannosidase gene EDEM3 cause a congenital disorder of glycosylation. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:1342-1349. [PMID: 34143952 PMCID: PMC8322938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
EDEM3 encodes a protein that converts Man8GlcNAc2 isomer B to Man7-5GlcNAc2. It is involved in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway, responsible for the recognition of misfolded proteins that will be targeted and translocated to the cytosol and degraded by the proteasome. In this study, through a combination of exome sequencing and gene matching, we have identified seven independent families with 11 individuals with bi-allelic protein-truncating variants and one individual with a compound heterozygous missense variant in EDEM3. The affected individuals present with an inherited congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) consisting of neurodevelopmental delay and variable facial dysmorphisms. Experiments in human fibroblast cell lines, human plasma, and mouse plasma and brain tissue demonstrated decreased trimming of Man8GlcNAc2 isomer B to Man7GlcNAc2, consistent with loss of EDEM3 enzymatic activity. In human cells, Man5GlcNAc2 to Man4GlcNAc2 conversion is also diminished with an increase of Glc1Man5GlcNAc2. Furthermore, analysis of the unfolded protein response showed a reduced increase in EIF2AK3 (PERK) expression upon stimulation with tunicamycin as compared to controls, suggesting an impaired unfolded protein response. The aberrant plasma N-glycan profile provides a quick, clinically available test for validating variants of uncertain significance that may be identified by molecular genetic testing. We propose to call this deficiency EDEM3-CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Polla
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Andrew C Edmondson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sandrine Duvet
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Michael E March
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ana Berta Sousa
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 649-035 Lisboa, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anna Lehman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Dmitriy Niyazov
- Tulane School of Medicine, University of Queensland, 1315 Jefferson Highway, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA
| | - Fleur van Dijk
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ London, UK
| | - Serwet Demirdas
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Anneke J A Kievit
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Celine Schulz
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Linlea Armstrong
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Xin Bi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kosuke Izumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elaine H Zackai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elisa de Franco
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Paula Jorge
- Centro de Genética Médica Jacinto de Magalhães, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, CHP, E.P.E., 4099-028 Porto, Portugal; Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4099-028 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sophie C Huffels
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marina Hommersom
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sian Ellard
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK; College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Dirk J Lefeber
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Avni Santani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicholas J Hand
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hans van Bokhoven
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Arjan P M de Brouwer
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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8
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Sethna S, Scott PA, Giese APJ, Duncan T, Jian X, Riazuddin S, Randazzo PA, Redmond TM, Bernstein SL, Riazuddin S, Ahmed ZM. CIB2 regulates mTORC1 signaling and is essential for autophagy and visual function. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3906. [PMID: 34162842 PMCID: PMC8222345 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder. Although molecular mechanisms remain elusive, deficits in autophagy have been associated with AMD. Here we show that deficiency of calcium and integrin binding protein 2 (CIB2) in mice, leads to age-related pathologies, including sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) deposits, marked accumulation of drusen markers APOE, C3, Aβ, and esterified cholesterol, and impaired visual function, which can be rescued using exogenous retinoids. Cib2 mutant mice exhibit reduced lysosomal capacity and autophagic clearance, and increased mTORC1 signaling-a negative regulator of autophagy. We observe concordant molecular deficits in dry-AMD RPE/choroid post-mortem human tissues. Mechanistically, CIB2 negatively regulates mTORC1 by preferentially binding to 'nucleotide empty' or inactive GDP-loaded Rheb. Upregulated mTORC1 signaling has been implicated in lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) cancer. Over-expressing CIB2 in LAM patient-derived fibroblasts downregulates hyperactive mTORC1 signaling. Thus, our findings have significant implications for treatment of AMD and other mTORC1 hyperactivity-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumil Sethna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patrick A Scott
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Arnaud P J Giese
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Todd Duncan
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoying Jian
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Paul A Randazzo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - T Michael Redmond
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven L Bernstein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zubair M Ahmed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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9
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Okano Y, Okamoto M, Yazaki M, Inui A, Ohura T, Murayama K, Watanabe Y, Tokuhara D, Takeshima Y. Analysis of daily energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake in citrin-deficient patients: Towards prevention of adult-onset type II citrullinemia. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 133:63-70. [PMID: 33741270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Patients with citrin deficiency during the adaptation/compensation period exhibit diverse clinical features and have characteristic diet of high protein, high fat, and low carbohydrate. Japanese cuisine typically contains high carbohydrate but evaluation of diet of citrin-deficient patients in 2008 showed a low energy intake and a protein:fat:carbohydrate (PFC) ratio of 19:44:37, which indicates low carbohydrate consumption rate. These findings prompted the need for diet intervention to prevent the adult onset of type II citrullinemia (CTLN2). Since the publication of the report about 10 years ago, patients are generally advised to eat what they wish under active dietary consultation and intervention. In this study, citrin-deficient patients and control subjects living in the same household provided answers to a questionnaire, filled-up a maximum 6-day food diary, and supplied physical data and information on medications if any. To study the effects of the current diet, the survey collected data from 62 patients and 45 controls comparing daily intakes of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate. Food analysis showed that patient's energy intake was 115% compared to the Japanese standard. The confidence interval of the PFC ratio of patients was 20-22:47-51:28-32, indicating higher protein, higher fat and lower carbohydrate relative to previous reports. The mean PFC ratio of female patients (22:53:25) was significantly different from that of male patients (20:46:34), which may explain the lower frequency of CTLN2 in females. Comparison of the present data to those published 10 years ago, energy, protein, and fat intakes were significantly higher but the amount of carbohydrate consumption remained the same. Regardless of age, most patients (except for adolescents) consumed 100-200 g/day of carbohydrates, which met the estimated average requirement of 100 g/day for healthy individuals. Finally, patients were generally not overweight and some CTLN2 patients were underweight although their energy intake was higher compared with the control subjects. We speculate that high-energy of a low carbohydrate diet under dietary intervention may help citrin-deficient patients attain normal growth and prevent the onset of CTLN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Okano
- Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; Okano Children's Clinic, Izumi 594-0071, Japan.
| | | | - Masahide Yazaki
- Department of Biological Sciences for Intractable Neurological Disorders, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Ayano Inui
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Tobu Hospital, Yokohama 230-0012, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ohura
- Division of Clinical Laboratory, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai 982-8502, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba 266-0007, Japan
| | - Yoriko Watanabe
- Research Institute of Medical Mass Spectrometry and Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tokuhara
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka 545-0051, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takeshima
- Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
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10
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Bourgeois-Jaarsma Q, Miaja Hernandez P, Groffen AJ. Ca 2+ sensor proteins in spontaneous release and synaptic plasticity: Limited contribution of Doc2c, rabphilin-3a and synaptotagmin 7 in hippocampal glutamatergic neurons. Mol Cell Neurosci 2021; 112:103613. [PMID: 33753311 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2021.103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Presynaptic neurotransmitter release is strictly regulated by SNARE proteins, Ca2+ and a number of Ca2+ sensors including synaptotagmins (Syts) and Double C2 domain proteins (Doc2s). More than seventy years after the original description of spontaneous release, the mechanism that regulates this process is still poorly understood. Syt-1, Syt7 and Doc2 proteins contribute predominantly, but not exclusively, to synchronous, asynchronous and spontaneous phases of release. The proteins share a conserved tandem C2 domain architecture, but are functionally diverse in their subcellular location, Ca2+-binding properties and protein interactions. In absence of Syt-1, Doc2a and -b, neurons still exhibit spontaneous vesicle fusion which remains Ca2+-sensitive, suggesting the existence of additional sensors. Here, we selected Doc2c, rabphilin-3a and Syt-7 as three potential Ca2+ sensors for their sequence homology with Syt-1 and Doc2b. We genetically ablated each candidate gene in absence of Doc2a and -b and investigated spontaneous and evoked release in glutamatergic hippocampal neurons, cultured either in networks or on microglial islands (autapses). The removal of Doc2c had no effect on spontaneous or evoked release. Syt-7 removal also did not affect spontaneous release, although it altered short-term plasticity by accentuating short-term depression. The removal of rabphilin caused an increased spontaneous release frequency in network cultures, an effect that was not observed in autapses. Taken together, we conclude that Doc2c and Syt-7 do not affect spontaneous release of glutamate in hippocampal neurons, while our results suggest a possible regulatory role of rabphilin-3a in neuronal networks. These findings importantly narrow down the repertoire of synaptic Ca2+ sensors that may be implicated in the spontaneous release of glutamate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Bourgeois-Jaarsma
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Science, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pablo Miaja Hernandez
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Science, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander J Groffen
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Science, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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11
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Ichinose M, Suzuki N, Wang T, Wright JA, Lannagan TRM, Vrbanac L, Kobayashi H, Gieniec KA, Ng JQ, Hayakawa Y, García-Gallastegui P, Monsalve EM, Bauer SR, Laborda J, García-Ramírez JJ, Ibarretxe G, Worthley DL, Woods SL. Stromal DLK1 promotes proliferation and inhibits differentiation of the intestinal epithelium during development. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G506-G520. [PMID: 33470182 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00445.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The stem/progenitor cells of the developing intestine are biologically distinct from their adult counterparts. Here, we examine the microenvironmental cues that regulate the embryonic stem/progenitor population, focusing on the role of Notch pathway factor delta-like protein-1 (DLK1). mRNA-seq analyses of intestinal mesenchymal cells (IMCs) collected from embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5) or adult IMCs and a novel coculture system with E14.5 intestinal epithelial organoids were used. Following addition of recombinant DLK1 (rDLK) or Dlk1 siRNA (siDlk1), epithelial characteristics were compared using imaging, replating efficiency assays, qPCR, and immunocytochemistry. The intestinal phenotypes of littermate Dlk1+/+ and Dlk1-/- mice were compared using immunohistochemistry. Using transcriptomic analyses, we identified morphogens derived from the embryonic mesenchyme that potentially regulate the developing epithelial cells, to focus on Notch family candidate DLK1. Immunohistochemistry indicated that DLK1 was expressed exclusively in the intestinal stroma at E14.5 at the top of emerging villi, decreased after birth, and shifted to the intestinal epithelium in adulthood. In coculture experiments, addition of rDLK1 to adult IMCs inhibited organoid differentiation, whereas Dlk1 knockdown in embryonic IMCs increased epithelial differentiation to secretory lineage cells. Dlk1-/- mice had restricted Ki67+ cells in the villi base and increased secretory lineage cells compared with Dlk1+/+ embryos. Mesenchyme-derived DLK1 plays an important role in the promotion of epithelial stem/precursor expansion and prevention of differentiation to secretory lineages in the developing intestine.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using a novel coculture system, transcriptomics, and transgenic mice, we investigated differential molecular signaling between the intestinal epithelium and mesenchyme during development and in the adult. We show that the Notch pathway factor delta-like protein-1 (DLK1) is stromally produced during development and uncover a new role for DLK1 in the regulation of intestinal epithelial stem/precursor expansion and differentiation to secretory lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Ichinose
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nobumi Suzuki
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tongtong Wang
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Josephine A Wright
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tamsin R M Lannagan
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Laura Vrbanac
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Krystyna A Gieniec
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jia Q Ng
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yoku Hayakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Patricia García-Gallastegui
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Eva M Monsalve
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical School, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Steven R Bauer
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jorge Laborda
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical School, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - J J García-Ramírez
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical School, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Gaskon Ibarretxe
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Daniel L Worthley
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Susan L Woods
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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12
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Winkler MJ, Müller P, Sharifi AM, Wobst J, Winter H, Mokry M, Ma L, van der Laan SW, Pang S, Miritsch B, Hinterdobler J, Werner J, Stiller B, Güldener U, Webb TR, Asselbergs FW, Björkegren JLM, Maegdefessel L, Schunkert H, Sager HB, Kessler T. Functional investigation of the coronary artery disease gene SVEP1. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:67. [PMID: 33185739 PMCID: PMC7666586 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-00828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A missense variant of the sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, EGF and pentraxin domain containing protein 1 (SVEP1) is genome-wide significantly associated with coronary artery disease. The mechanisms how SVEP1 impacts atherosclerosis are not known. We found endothelial cells (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells to represent the major cellular source of SVEP1 in plaques. Plaques were larger in atherosclerosis-prone Svep1 haploinsufficient (ApoE-/-Svep1+/-) compared to Svep1 wild-type mice (ApoE-/-Svep1+/+) and ApoE-/-Svep1+/- mice displayed elevated plaque neutrophil, Ly6Chigh monocyte, and macrophage numbers. We assessed how leukocytes accumulated more inside plaques in ApoE-/-Svep1+/- mice and found enhanced leukocyte recruitment from blood into plaques. In vitro, we examined how SVEP1 deficiency promotes leukocyte recruitment and found elevated expression of the leukocyte attractant chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) in EC after incubation with missense compared to wild-type SVEP1. Increasing wild-type SVEP1 levels silenced endothelial CXCL1 release. In line, plasma Cxcl1 levels were elevated in ApoE-/-Svep1+/- mice. Our studies reveal an atheroprotective role of SVEP1. Deficiency of wild-type Svep1 increased endothelial CXCL1 expression leading to enhanced recruitment of proinflammatory leukocytes from blood to plaque. Consequently, elevated vascular inflammation resulted in enhanced plaque progression in Svep1 deficiency.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Ly/metabolism
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/deficiency
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/deficiency
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CXCL1/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL1/metabolism
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte
- Coronary Artery Disease/genetics
- Coronary Artery Disease/metabolism
- Coronary Artery Disease/pathology
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Coronary Vessels/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Genetic Association Studies
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Haploinsufficiency
- Humans
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neutrophil Infiltration
- Neutrophils/pathology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Proteins/genetics
- Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Winkler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Müller
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Amin M Sharifi
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jana Wobst
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanna Winter
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Vascular Biology and Experimental Vascular Medicine Unit, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michal Mokry
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Shichao Pang
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Miritsch
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Hinterdobler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Werner
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Stiller
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Güldener
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tom R Webb
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, and Health Data Research UK and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Vascular Biology and Experimental Vascular Medicine Unit, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik B Sager
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
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13
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Debattisti V, Horn A, Singh R, Seifert EL, Hogarth MW, Mazala DA, Huang KT, Horvath R, Jaiswal JK, Hajnóczky G. Dysregulation of Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Uptake and Sarcolemma Repair Underlie Muscle Weakness and Wasting in Patients and Mice Lacking MICU1. Cell Rep 2020; 29:1274-1286.e6. [PMID: 31665639 PMCID: PMC7007691 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle function is regulated by Ca2+, which mediates excitation-contraction coupling, energy metabolism, adaptation to exercise, and sarcolemmal repair. Several of these actions rely on Ca2+ delivery to the mitochondrial matrix via the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter, the pore of which is formed by mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU). MCU's gatekeeping and cooperative activation are controlled by MICU1. Loss-of-protein mutation in MICU1 causes a neuromuscular disease. To determine the mechanisms underlying the muscle impairments, we used MICU1 patient cells and skeletal muscle-specific MICU1 knockout mice. Both these models show a lower threshold for MCU-mediated Ca2+ uptake. Lack of MICU1 is associated with impaired mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake during excitation-contraction, aerobic metabolism impairment, muscle weakness, fatigue, and myofiber damage during physical activity. MICU1 deficit compromises mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake during sarcolemmal injury, which causes ineffective repair of the damaged myofibers. Thus, dysregulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake hampers myofiber contractile function, likely through energy metabolism and membrane repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Debattisti
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam Horn
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Raghavendra Singh
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Erin L Seifert
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marshall W Hogarth
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Davi A Mazala
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Kai Ting Huang
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rita Horvath
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jyoti K Jaiswal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - György Hajnóczky
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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14
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Zhou B, Zhang Q, Liu F, Zhang C, Zheng L, Wang X, Hao S. [Analysis of genetic variant in a child with concomitant spinal muscular atrophy and Citrin protein deficiency]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2020; 37:828-832. [PMID: 32761588 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9406.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the genetic basis for a child with concomitant spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and Citrin protein deficiency. METHODS The child was subjected to whole exome sequencing by using target sequence capture high-throughput sequencing. Candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. The SMN genes of the patient were also analyzed through multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). RESULTS The patient was found to carry homozygous deletion of exons 7 and 8 of the SMN1 gene, for which his parents were both carriers. The patient also carried compound heterozygous variants c.1737G>A and IVS16ins3kbof the SLA25A13 gene, in addition with compound heterozygous variants c.948G>A and c.2693T>C of the POLG gene, for which his parents were carriers, too. CONCLUSION Variants of the SLC25A13 gene probably underlay the deficiency of Citrin protein, which may lead to neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis (NICCD). The patient also had SMA. The compound heterozygous variants c.948G>A and c.2693T>C of the POLG gene are likely to cause mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome type 4A, though other types of mitochondrial disease cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbo Zhou
- Medical Genetics Center, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China.
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15
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Gotoh N, Saito Y, Hata S, Saito H, Ojima D, Murayama C, Shigeta M, Abe T, Konno D, Matsuzaki F, Suzuki T, Yamamoto T. Amyloidogenic processing of amyloid β protein precursor (APP) is enhanced in the brains of alcadein α-deficient mice. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9650-9662. [PMID: 32467230 PMCID: PMC7363152 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a very common neurodegenerative disorder, chiefly caused by increased production of neurotoxic β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide generated from proteolytic cleavage of β-amyloid protein precursor (APP). Except for familial AD arising from mutations in the APP and presenilin (PSEN) genes, the molecular mechanisms regulating the amyloidogenic processing of APP are largely unclear. Alcadein α/calsyntenin1 (ALCα/CLSTN1) is a neuronal type I transmembrane protein that forms a complex with APP, mediated by the neuronal adaptor protein X11-like (X11L or MINT2). Formation of the ALCα-X11L-APP tripartite complex suppresses Aβ generation in vitro, and X11L-deficient mice exhibit enhanced amyloidogenic processing of endogenous APP. However, the role of ALCα in APP metabolism in vivo remains unclear. Here, by generating ALCα-deficient mice and using immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and co-immunoprecipitation analyses, we verified the role of ALCα in the suppression of amyloidogenic processing of endogenous APP in vivo We observed that ALCα deficiency attenuates the association of X11L with APP, significantly enhances amyloidogenic β-site cleavage of APP, especially in endosomes, and increases the generation of endogenous Aβ in the brain. Furthermore, we noted amyloid plaque formation in the brains of human APP-transgenic mice in an ALCα-deficient background. These results unveil a potential role of ALCα in protecting cerebral neurons from Aβ-dependent pathogenicity in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Gotoh
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuhki Saito
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Saori Hata
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Haruka Saito
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daiki Ojima
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Chiaki Murayama
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Mayo Shigeta
- Laboratory for Animal Resource Development, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takaya Abe
- Laboratory for Animal Resource Development, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daijiro Konno
- Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsuzaki
- Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Suzuki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
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16
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Watanabe Y, Numakura C, Tahara T, Fukui K, Torimura T, Hiromatsu Y, Tomotsune K, Yamakawa M, Hayasaka K. Diabetes mellitus exacerbates citrin deficiency via glucose toxicity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 164:108159. [PMID: 32335094 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Citrin is an aspartate/glutamate carrier that composes the malate-aspartate reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) shuttle in the liver. Citrin deficiency causes neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis (NICCD), failure to thrive and dyslipidemia (FTTDCD) and adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2). Hepatic glycolysis is essentially impaired in citrin deficiency and a low-carbohydrate diet was recommended. The lethal effect of infusion of glycerol- and fructose-containing osmotic agents was reported in these patients. Hyperalimentation was also reported to exacerbate CTLN2; however, glucose toxicity was unclear in citrin deficiency. METHODS We studied two CTLN2 patients complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), Case 1 presented with hyperammonemic encephalopathy accompanied with DM, while Case 2 presented with hyperammonemic encephalopathy relapse upon the onset of DM after several years' remission following supplementation with medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) and adherence to a low-carbohydrate diet. RESULTS Insulin therapy with MCT supplementation and a low-carbohydrate diet improved hyperammonemia and liver function in Case 1. Additional insulin therapy improved hyperammonemia in Case 2. CONCLUSION Glucose is not toxic for citrin deficiency in normoglycemia because glucose uptake and metabolism by hepatocytes are limited in normoglycemia. However, glucose becomes toxic during persistent hyperglycemia and antidiabetic therapy is indispensable for CTLN2 patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Watanabe
- Research Institute of Medical Mass Spectrometry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Chikahiko Numakura
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kaori Fukui
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takuji Torimura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yuji Hiromatsu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ken Tomotsune
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Yamakawa
- Department of Pathological Diagnostics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hayasaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Miyukikai Hospital, Kaminoyama, Japan.
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17
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Köse MD, Kagnici M, Özdemir TR, Erdur CB, Erdemir G, Karakoyun M, Guzin Y, Ceylaner S, Genel F. Clinical findings in five Turkish patients with citrin deficiency and identification of a novel mutation on SLC25A13. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2020; 33:157-163. [PMID: 31809266 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Citrin deficiency (CD) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by a defect in the mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate antiporter, citrin. Three clinical manifestations have been described until today. Case presentation We reported 5 CD patients from two families. Four patients were male and one patient was female. Two of them have NICCD (neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency); three of them have CTLN2 (adult-onset type II citrullinemia). Both NICCD patients showed typical clinical and biochemical changes with a diagnosis confirmed by mutations in the SLC25A13 gene. We detected a previously unreported homozygous novel mutation c.478delC (L160Wfs*36 ) on the SLC25A13 gene. All of the CTLN2 patients were siblings. Proband was a 15-year-old mentally retarded and autistic male who had admitted to our emergency with disorientation. Laboratory data showed hyperammonemia and citrullinemia. Conclusions Two different profiles of age-related CD have been depicted with this article. It has been aimed to underline that the CD can be observed in different forms not only in neonatals or little infants but also in adolescents. This article is the first case series that covers both NICCD and CTLN2 cases together and that has been published in Turkey. Considering the fact that especially the majority of CTLN2 cases have been identified in Asian countries, our article has vital importance in terms of defining phenotypic features of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Demir Köse
- Behçet Uz Children Research and Training Hospital, Pediatric Metabolism and Nutrition Department, Ismet Kaptan Street, 35100, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Kagnici
- Behçet Uz Children Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Metabolism and Nutrition Department, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Taha Reşit Özdemir
- Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Genetics Department, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cahit Barış Erdur
- Behçet Uz Children Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Department, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gülin Erdemir
- Behçet Uz Children Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Department, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Miray Karakoyun
- Tepecik Children Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Department, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yiğit Guzin
- Behçet Uz Children Training and Research Hospital, Pediatrics Department, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Ferah Genel
- Behçet Uz Children Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Department, Izmir, Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Sasaki K, Shiba K, Nakamura A, Kawano N, Satouh Y, Yamaguchi H, Morikawa M, Shibata D, Yanase R, Jokura K, Nomura M, Miyado M, Takada S, Ueno H, Nonaka S, Baba T, Ikawa M, Kikkawa M, Miyado K, Inaba K. Calaxin is required for cilia-driven determination of vertebrate laterality. Commun Biol 2019; 2:226. [PMID: 31240264 PMCID: PMC6586612 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calaxin is a Ca2+-binding dynein-associated protein that regulates flagellar and ciliary movement. In ascidians, calaxin plays essential roles in chemotaxis of sperm. However, nothing has been known for the function of calaxin in vertebrates. Here we show that the mice with a null mutation in Efcab1, which encodes calaxin, display typical phenotypes of primary ciliary dyskinesia, including hydrocephalus, situs inversus, and abnormal motility of trachea cilia and sperm flagella. Strikingly, both males and females are viable and fertile, indicating that calaxin is not essential for fertilization in mice. The 9 + 2 axonemal structures of epithelial multicilia and sperm flagella are normal, but the formation of 9 + 0 nodal cilia is significantly disrupted. Knockout of calaxin in zebrafish also causes situs inversus due to the irregular ciliary beating of Kupffer's vesicle cilia, although the 9 + 2 axonemal structure appears to remain normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Sasaki
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Kogiku Shiba
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Akihiro Nakamura
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Natsuko Kawano
- Department of Life Science, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kanagawa, 214-8574 Japan
| | - Yuhkoh Satouh
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Motohiro Morikawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Daisuke Shibata
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Ryuji Yanase
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Kei Jokura
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Mami Nomura
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Mami Miyado
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Shuji Takada
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Hironori Ueno
- Molecular Function & Life Sciences, Aichi University of Education, Aichi, 448-8542 Japan
| | - Shigenori Nonaka
- Spatiotemporal Regulations Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
- Laboratory for Spatiotemporal Regulations, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
| | - Tadashi Baba
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, and Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577 Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Masahide Kikkawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Kenji Miyado
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Kazuo Inaba
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
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19
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Li J, Cechova S, Wang L, Isakson BE, Le TH, Shi W. Loss of reticulocalbin 2 lowers blood pressure and restrains ANG II-induced hypertension in vivo. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F1141-F1150. [PMID: 30943068 PMCID: PMC6620588 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00567.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension affects over 1 billion people worldwide and increases the risk for heart failure, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Despite high prevalence and devastating impact, its etiology still remains poorly understood for most hypertensive cases. Rcn2, which encodes reticulocalbin 2, is a candidate gene for atherosclerosis that we have previously reported in mice. Here, we identified Rcn2 as a novel regulator of blood pressure in mice. Rcn2 was abundantly expressed in the endothelium and adventitia of normal arteries and was dramatically upregulated in the medial layer of the artery undergoing structural remodeling. Deletion of Rcn2 lowered basal blood pressure and attenuated ANG II-induced hypertension in C57BL/6 mice. siRNA knockdown of Rcn2 dramatically increased production of the nitric oxide (NO) breakdown products nitrite and nitrate by endothelial cells but not by smooth muscle cells. Isolated carotid arteries from Rcn2-/- mice showed an increased sensitivity to the ACh-induced NO-mediated relaxant response compared with arteries of Rcn2+/+ mice. Analysis of a recent meta-data set showed associations of genetic variants near RCN2 with blood pressure in humans. These data suggest that Rcn2 regulates blood pressure and contributes to hypertension through actions on endothelial NO synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Sylvia Cechova
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qingdao University Hospital , Qingdao , China
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Thu H Le
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Weibin Shi
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
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20
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Feng HZ, Wang H, Takahashi K, Jin JP. Double deletion of calponin 1 and calponin 2 in mice decreases systemic blood pressure with blunted length-tension response of aortic smooth muscle. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 129:49-57. [PMID: 30707993 PMCID: PMC6486848 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Calponin is a family of actin filament-associated regulatory proteins. Among its three isoforms, calponin 1 is smooth muscle specific and calponin 2 is expressed in smooth muscle and certain non-muscle cells. Previous studies showed that calponin 1 knockout mice had detectable changes in the contractility of urogenital smooth muscle whereas other smooth muscles were less affected. To investigate the possibility that calponins 1 and 2 have overlapping functions in smooth muscle, we examined the effect of double knockout of calponin 1 and calponin 2 genes (Cnn1 and Cnn2) on smooth muscle functions. The results showed for the first time that calponin 1 and calponin 2 double knockout in mice does not cause lethality. The double knockout mice showed decreased systemic blood pressure, decreased force development and blunted length tension response in endothelial-removed aortic rings. A compensatory increase of calponin 1 was found in smooth muscle of Cnn2-/- mice but not vice versa. Cnn1-/- and Cnn2-/- double knockout aortic smooth muscle exhibits faster relaxation than that of wild type control. Double deletion or co-suppression of calponin 1 and calponin 2 in vascular smooth muscle to blunt myogenic response may present a novel approach to develop new treatment for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Zhong Feng
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Katsuhito Takahashi
- Department of Genomics Oncology, Sarcoma Center, International Unniversity of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo 108-8329, Japan
| | - J-P Jin
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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21
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Bover O, Justo T, Pereira PNG, Facucho-Oliveira J, Inácio JM, Ramalho JS, Domian IJ, Belo JA. Loss of Ccbe1 affects cardiac-specification and cardiomyocyte differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205108. [PMID: 30281646 PMCID: PMC6169972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular pathways regulating cardiogenesis is crucial for the early diagnosis of heart diseases and improvement of cardiovascular disease. During normal mammalian cardiac development, collagen and calcium-binding EGF domain-1 (Ccbe1) is expressed in the first and second heart field progenitors as well as in the proepicardium, but its role in early cardiac commitment remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that during mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation Ccbe1 is upregulated upon emergence of Isl1- and Nkx2.5- positive cardiac progenitors. Ccbe1 is markedly enriched in Isl1-positive cardiac progenitors isolated from ESCs differentiating in vitro or embryonic hearts developing in vivo. Disruption of Ccbe1 activity by shRNA knockdown or blockade with a neutralizing antibody results in impaired differentiation of embryonic stem cells along the cardiac mesoderm lineage resulting in a decreased expression of mature cardiomyocyte markers. In addition, knockdown of Ccbe1 leads to smaller embryoid bodies. Collectively, our results show that CCBE1 is essential for the commitment of cardiac mesoderm and consequently, for the formation of cardiac myocytes in differentiating mouse ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Bover
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Justo
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Center for Biomedical Research, Campus de Gambelas, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Paulo N. G. Pereira
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Facucho-Oliveira
- Center for Biomedical Research, Campus de Gambelas, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - José M. Inácio
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José S. Ramalho
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ibrahim J. Domian
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - José António Belo
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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22
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Mikhaylova M, Bär J, van Bommel B, Schätzle P, YuanXiang P, Raman R, Hradsky J, Konietzny A, Loktionov EY, Reddy PP, Lopez-Rojas J, Spilker C, Kobler O, Raza SA, Stork O, Hoogenraad CC, Kreutz MR. Caldendrin Directly Couples Postsynaptic Calcium Signals to Actin Remodeling in Dendritic Spines. Neuron 2018; 97:1110-1125.e14. [PMID: 29478916 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Compartmentalization of calcium-dependent plasticity allows for rapid actin remodeling in dendritic spines. However, molecular mechanisms for the spatio-temporal regulation of filamentous actin (F-actin) dynamics by spinous Ca2+-transients are still poorly defined. We show that the postsynaptic Ca2+ sensor caldendrin orchestrates nano-domain actin dynamics that are essential for actin remodeling in the early phase of long-term potentiation (LTP). Steep elevation in spinous [Ca2+]i disrupts an intramolecular interaction of caldendrin and allows cortactin binding. The fast on and slow off rate of this interaction keeps cortactin in an active conformation, and protects F-actin at the spine base against cofilin-induced severing. Caldendrin gene knockout results in higher synaptic actin turnover, altered nanoscale organization of spinous F-actin, defects in structural spine plasticity, LTP, and hippocampus-dependent learning. Collectively, the data indicate that caldendrin-cortactin directly couple [Ca2+]i to preserve a minimal F-actin pool that is required for actin remodeling in the early phase of LTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Mikhaylova
- Emmy Noether Group "Neuronal Protein Transport," Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany; RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany; Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, the Netherlands.
| | - Julia Bär
- Emmy Noether Group "Neuronal Protein Transport," Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany; RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany
| | - Bas van Bommel
- Emmy Noether Group "Neuronal Protein Transport," Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Philipp Schätzle
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, the Netherlands
| | - PingAn YuanXiang
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany
| | - Rajeev Raman
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany
| | - Johannes Hradsky
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany
| | - Anja Konietzny
- Emmy Noether Group "Neuronal Protein Transport," Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Egor Y Loktionov
- State Lab for Photon Energetics, Bauman Moscow State University, Moscow 105005, Russia
| | | | - Jeffrey Lopez-Rojas
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany
| | - Christina Spilker
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany
| | - Oliver Kobler
- Combinatorial Neuroimaging Core Facility (CNI), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany
| | - Syed Ahsan Raza
- Institute of Biology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Oliver Stork
- Institute of Biology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Casper C Hoogenraad
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, the Netherlands
| | - Michael R Kreutz
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany; Leibniz Group "Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function," Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany.
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Goldberg-Smith P. Julia Liu: Breaking Through the Ties That Bind. Circ Res 2018; 122:394-395. [PMID: 29420206 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.312652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Gourgas O, Marulanda J, Zhang P, Murshed M, Cerruti M. Multidisciplinary Approach to Understand Medial Arterial Calcification. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:363-372. [PMID: 29217507 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular calcification significantly increases morbidity in life-threatening diseases, and no treatments are available because of lack of understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism. Here, we study the physicochemical details of mineral nucleation and growth in an animal model that faithfully recapitulates medial arterial calcification in humans, to understand how pathological calcification is initiated on the vascular extracellular matrix. APPROACH AND RESULTS MGP (matrix Gla protein) is a potent mineralization inhibitor. We study the evolution of medial calcification in MGP-deficient mice over the course of 5 weeks using a combination of material science techniques and find that mineral composition and crystallinity evolve over time and space. We show that calcium is adsorbed first and then amorphous calcium phosphate and octacalcium phosphate forms, which then transform into hydroxyapatite and carbonated apatite. These events are repeated after each nucleation event, providing a snapshot of the overall mineral evolution at each time point analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that an interdisciplinary approach combining animal models and materials science can provide insights into the mechanism of vascular calcification and suggest the importance of analyzing mineral phases, rather than just overall mineralization extent, to diagnose and possibly prevent disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Gourgas
- From the Materials Engineering (O.G., P.Z., M.C.), Faculty of Dentistry (J.M., M.M.), Department of Medicine (M.M.), and Shriners Hospital for Children (M.M.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Juliana Marulanda
- From the Materials Engineering (O.G., P.Z., M.C.), Faculty of Dentistry (J.M., M.M.), Department of Medicine (M.M.), and Shriners Hospital for Children (M.M.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peng Zhang
- From the Materials Engineering (O.G., P.Z., M.C.), Faculty of Dentistry (J.M., M.M.), Department of Medicine (M.M.), and Shriners Hospital for Children (M.M.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Monzur Murshed
- From the Materials Engineering (O.G., P.Z., M.C.), Faculty of Dentistry (J.M., M.M.), Department of Medicine (M.M.), and Shriners Hospital for Children (M.M.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marta Cerruti
- From the Materials Engineering (O.G., P.Z., M.C.), Faculty of Dentistry (J.M., M.M.), Department of Medicine (M.M.), and Shriners Hospital for Children (M.M.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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25
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Son YS, Ullah HMA, Elfadl AK, Chung MJ, Ghim SG, Kim YD, Lee EJ, Kang KK, Jeong KS. Preventive Effects of Vitamin C on Diethylnitrosamine-induced Hepatotoxicity in Smp30 Knockout Mice. In Vivo 2018; 32:93-99. [PMID: 29275304 PMCID: PMC5892647 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is well known as a free radical scavenger that protects cells against damage from oxidative stress. Herein, we investigated the effects of vitamin C against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatotoxicity. Male wild-type (C57BL/6) and senescence marker protein-30 (Smp30) knockout (KO) mice were used and divided in the following four groups: WT group (n=15): Wild-type (WT) mice fed vitamin C-free diet with tap water; WV group (n=14): WT mice fed vitamin C-free diet with water supplemented with 1.5 g/kg vitamin C; KT group (n=12): Smp30 KO mice fed vitamin C-free diet with tap water; and KV group (n=13): Smp30 KO mice fed vitamin C-free diet with water supplemented with 1.5 g/kg vitamin C. A single intraperitoneal injection of DEN (5 mg/kg body weight) was injected in the second week during the experimental period. Mice were sacrificed after 17 weeks of treatment to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin C on DEN-induced hepatotoxicity. The results showed that vitamin C significantly increased the mean lifespan (p<0.05) in the WT, WV and KV groups compared with the KT group. The serum concentrations of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase did not significantly differ among groups. The WT group exhibited significantly more acute cellular swelling accompanied by centrilobular necrosis, focal lymphocyte infiltration, and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies as compared with the WV and KV groups, suggesting that vitamin C had a hepatoprotective effect. Dysplastic, large, and binucleated hepatocytes were also observed in the WT group, but these pathological signs were absent from the WV and KV groups. Our experimental evidence suggests that vitamin C supplementation in Smp30 KO mice was effective for the treatment of DEN-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sook Son
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Arif Ullah
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed K Elfadl
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Chung
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soong-Gu Ghim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Deuk Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ku Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Shik Jeong
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Marulanda J, Eimar H, McKee MD, Berkvens M, Nelea V, Roman H, Borrás T, Tamimi F, Ferron M, Murshed M. Matrix Gla protein deficiency impairs nasal septum growth, causing midface hypoplasia. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:11400-11412. [PMID: 28487368 PMCID: PMC5500805 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.769802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors may lead to abnormal growth of the orofacial skeleton, affecting the overall structure of the face. In this study, we investigated the craniofacial abnormalities in a mouse model for Keutel syndrome, a rare genetic disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the matrix Gla protein (MGP) gene. Keutel syndrome patients show diffuse ectopic calcification of cartilaginous tissues and impaired midface development. Our comparative cephalometric analyses of micro-computed tomography images revealed a severe midface hypoplasia in Mgp-/- mice. In vivo reporter studies demonstrated that the Mgp promoter is highly active at the cranial sutures, cranial base synchondroses, and nasal septum. Interestingly, the cranial sutures of the mutant mice showed normal anatomical features. Although we observed a mild increase in mineralization of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis, it did not reduce the relative length of the cranial base in comparison with total skull length. Contrary to this, we found the nasal septum to be abnormally mineralized and shortened in Mgp-/- mice. Transgenic restoration of Mgp expression in chondrocytes fully corrected the craniofacial anomalies caused by MGP deficiency, suggesting a local role for MGP in the developing nasal septum. Although there was no up-regulation of markers for hypertrophic chondrocytes, a TUNEL assay showed a marked increase in apoptotic chondrocytes in the calcified nasal septum. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed unusual mineral deposits in the septal extracellular matrix of the mutant mice. Of note, the systemic reduction of the inorganic phosphate level was sufficient to prevent abnormal mineralization of the nasal septum in Mgp-/-;Hyp compound mutants. Our work provides evidence that modulation of local and systemic factors regulating extracellular matrix mineralization can be possible therapeutic strategies to prevent ectopic cartilage calcification and some forms of congenital craniofacial anomalies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Marulanda
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Hazem Eimar
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Marc D McKee
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
- the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Michelle Berkvens
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Valentin Nelea
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Hassem Roman
- the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada
- the Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Teresa Borrás
- the Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Mathieu Ferron
- the Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada, and
| | - Monzur Murshed
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada,
- the Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
- the Shriners Hospital for Children, Montreal, Quebec H4A 0A9, Canada
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27
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Wang J, Gao J, Xie J, Zheng X, Yan Y, Li S, Xie L, Zhang R. Cloning and mineralization-related functions of the calponin gene in Chlamys farreri. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 201:53-8. [PMID: 27378404 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Calponin is a widely distributed protein which is associated with the bio-mineralization process in vertebrates. Recently, a new type of calponin has been found in shellfish; the present study aimed to determine if this gene in shellfish functions in bio-mineralization, one of the most important processes in a mollusk's growth. We chose Chlamys farreri, a seashell species with great economic value, as the object of the study and obtained its full-length cDNA to study the function of calponin by gene expression analysis, shell notching experiment and RNA interference assays. Calponin in C. farreri is a basic protein that is highly conserved among mollusk species. Except for high expression in the adductor muscle and foot, which correlated with its function of regulating muscle contraction, the calponin gene was expressed more in the mantle than in other tissues. The expression of the gene was induced by shell notching and an RNA interference assay showed that inhibition of calponin expression caused the growth of irregular mineral crystals on the shell. Further analysis indicated that calponin might function by regulating the expression of other mineralization-related genes. Calponin is a mineralization-related protein in C. farreri that might influence mineral crystal growth by affecting the expressions of other proteins, such as matrix proteins and mineralization-regulating proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Xiangnan Zheng
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Shiguo Li
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China.
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China.
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28
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Liu R, Jin JP. Deletion of calponin 2 in macrophages alters cytoskeleton-based functions and attenuates the development of atherosclerosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 99:87-99. [PMID: 27575021 PMCID: PMC5325694 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Arterial atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. Macrophages play a major role in the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Modulation of macrophage function is a therapeutic target for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Calponin is an actin-filament-associated regulatory protein that inhibits the activity of myosin-ATPase and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton. Encoded by the gene Cnn2, calponin isoform 2 is expressed at significant levels in macrophages. Deletion of calponin 2 increases macrophage migration and phagocytosis. In the present study, we investigated the effect of deletion of calponin 2 in macrophages on the pathogenesis and development of atherosclerosis. The results showed that macrophages isolated from Cnn2 knockout mice ingested a similar level of acetylated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to that of wild type (WT) macrophages but the resulting foam cells had significantly less hindered velocity of migration. Systemic or myeloid cell-specific Cnn2 knockouts effectively attenuated the development of arterial atherosclerosis lesions with less macrophage infiltration in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Consistently, calponin 2-null macrophages produced less pro-inflammatory cytokines than that of WT macrophages, and the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in foam cells was also attenuated by the deletion of calponin 2. Calponin 2-null macrophages and foam cells have significantly weakened cell adhesion, indicating a role of cytoskeleton regulation in macrophage functions and inflammatory responses, and a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of arterial atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - J-P Jin
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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29
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Ge X, Ritter SY, Tsang K, Shi R, Takei K, Aliprantis AO. Sex-Specific Protection of Osteoarthritis by Deleting Cartilage Acid Protein 1. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159157. [PMID: 27415616 PMCID: PMC4945026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage acidic protein 1 (CRTAC1) was recently identified as an elevated protein in the synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) by a proteomic analysis. This gene is also upregulated in both human and mouse OA by transcriptomic analysis. The objective of this study was to characterize the expression and function of CRTAC1 in OA. Here, we first confirm the increase of CRTAC1 in cartilage biopsies from OA patients undergoing joint replacement by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we report that proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha upregulate CRTAC1 expression in primary human articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts. Genetic deletion of Crtac1 in mice significantly inhibited cartilage degradation, osteophyte formation and gait abnormalities of post-traumatic OA in female, but not male, animals undergoing the destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM) surgery. Taken together, CRTAC1 is upregulated in the osteoarthritic joint and directly induced in chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts by pro-inflammatory cytokines. This molecule is necessary for the progression of OA in female mice after DMM surgery and thus represents a potential therapy for this prevalent disease, especially for women who demonstrate higher rates and more severe OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Ge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Susan Y. Ritter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kelly Tsang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ruirui Shi
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kohtaro Takei
- Molecular Medical Bioscience Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Antonios O. Aliprantis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Bui HM, Enis D, Robciuc MR, Nurmi HJ, Cohen J, Chen M, Yang Y, Dhillon V, Johnson K, Zhang H, Kirkpatrick R, Traxler E, Anisimov A, Alitalo K, Kahn ML. Proteolytic activation defines distinct lymphangiogenic mechanisms for VEGFC and VEGFD. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:2167-80. [PMID: 27159393 DOI: 10.1172/jci83967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis is supported by 2 homologous VEGFR3 ligands, VEGFC and VEGFD. VEGFC is required for lymphatic development, while VEGFD is not. VEGFC and VEGFD are proteolytically cleaved after cell secretion in vitro, and recent studies have implicated the protease a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 3 (ADAMTS3) and the secreted factor collagen and calcium binding EGF domains 1 (CCBE1) in this process. It is not well understood how ligand proteolysis is controlled at the molecular level or how this process regulates lymphangiogenesis, because these complex molecular interactions have been difficult to follow ex vivo and test in vivo. Here, we have developed and used biochemical and cellular tools to demonstrate that an ADAMTS3-CCBE1 complex can form independently of VEGFR3 and is required to convert VEGFC, but not VEGFD, into an active ligand. Consistent with these ex vivo findings, mouse genetic studies revealed that ADAMTS3 is required for lymphatic development in a manner that is identical to the requirement of VEGFC and CCBE1 for lymphatic development. Moreover, CCBE1 was required for in vivo lymphangiogenesis stimulated by VEGFC but not VEGFD. Together, these studies reveal that lymphangiogenesis is regulated by two distinct proteolytic mechanisms of ligand activation: one in which VEGFC activation by ADAMTS3 and CCBE1 spatially and temporally patterns developing lymphatics, and one in which VEGFD activation by a distinct proteolytic mechanism may be stimulated during inflammatory lymphatic growth.
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31
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Yao J, Guihard PJ, Blazquez-Medela AM, Guo Y, Liu T, Boström KI, Yao Y. Matrix Gla protein regulates differentiation of endothelial cells derived from mouse embryonic stem cells. Angiogenesis 2016; 19:1-7. [PMID: 26364300 PMCID: PMC4703505 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-015-9484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins and expressed in vascular endothelial cells. Lack of MGP causes vascular abnormalities in multiple organs in mice. The objective of this study is to define the role of MGP in early endothelial differentiation. We find that expression of endothelial markers is highly induced in Mgp null organs, which, in wild type, contain high MGP expression. Furthermore, Mgp null embryonic stem cells express higher levels of endothelial markers than wild-type controls and an abnormal temporal pattern of expression. We also find that the Mgp-deficient endothelial cells adopt characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells. We conclude that loss of MGP causes dysregulation of early endothelial differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Western Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Pierre J Guihard
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
| | - Ana M Blazquez-Medela
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
| | - Yina Guo
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
| | - Ting Liu
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1630 Dong Fang Rd, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
- The Molecular Biology Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1570, USA
| | - Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Box 951679, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA.
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32
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Flemming A, Huang QQ, Jin JP, Jumaa H, Herzog S. A Conditional Knockout Mouse Model Reveals That Calponin-3 Is Dispensable for Early B Cell Development. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128385. [PMID: 26046660 PMCID: PMC4457629 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Calponins form an evolutionary highly conserved family of actin filament-associated proteins expressed in both smooth muscle and non-muscle cells. Whereas calponin-1 and calponin-2 have already been studied to some extent, little is known about the role of calponin-3 under physiological conditions due to the lack of an appropriate animal model. Here, we have used an unbiased screen to identify novel proteins implicated in signal transduction downstream of the precursor B cell receptor (pre-BCR) in B cells. We find that calponin-3 is expressed throughout early B cell development, localizes to the plasma membrane and is phosphorylated in a Syk-dependent manner, suggesting a putative role in pre-BCR signaling. To investigate this in vivo, we generated a floxed calponin-3-GFP knock-in mouse model that enables tracking of cells expressing calponin-3 from its endogenous promoter and allows its tissue-specific deletion. Using the knock-in allele as a reporter, we show that calponin-3 expression is initiated in early B cells and increases with their maturation, peaking in the periphery. Surprisingly, conditional deletion of the Cnn3 revealed no gross defects in B cell development despite this regulated expression pattern and the in vitro evidence, raising the question whether other components may compensate for its loss in lymphocytes. Together, our work identifies calponin-3 as a putative novel mediator downstream of the pre-BCR. Beyond B cells, the mouse model we generated will help to increase our understanding of calponin-3 in muscle and non-muscle cells under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Flemming
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max-Planck-Institut of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Qi-Quan Huang
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jian-Ping Jin
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Hassan Jumaa
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max-Planck-Institut of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Herzog
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max-Planck-Institut of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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33
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Bibli SI, Andreadou I, Chatzianastasiou A, Tzimas C, Sanoudou D, Kranias E, Brouckaert P, Coletta C, Szabo C, Kremastinos DT, Iliodromitis EK, Papapetropoulos A. Cardioprotection by H2S engages a cGMP-dependent protein kinase G/phospholamban pathway. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 106:432-42. [PMID: 25870184 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS H2S is known to confer cardioprotection; however, the pathways mediating its effects in vivo remain incompletely understood. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the contribution of cGMP-regulated pathways in the infarct-limiting effect of H2S in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Anaesthetized rabbits were subjected to myocardial ischaemia (I)/reperfusion (R), and infarct size was determined in control or H2S-exposed groups. The H2S donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, an agent that generates H2S) increased cardiac cGMP and reduced the infarct size. The cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG)-I inhibitor DT2 abrogated the protective effect of NaHS, whereas the control peptide TAT or l-nitroarginine methyl ester (l-NAME) did not alter the effect of NaHS. Moreover, the KATP channel inhibitor, glibenclamide, partially reversed the effects of NaHS, whereas inhibition of mitochondrial KATP did not modify the NaHS response. NaHS enhanced phosphorylation of phospholamban (PLN), in a PKG-dependent manner. To further investigate the role of PLN in H2S-mediated cardioprotection, wild-type and PLN KO mice underwent I/R. NaHS did not exert cardioprotection in PLN KO mice. Unlike what was observed in rabbits, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of eNOS abolished the infarct-limiting effect of NaHS in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate (i) that administration of NaHS induces cardioprotection via a cGMP/PKG/PLN pathway and (ii) contribution of nitric oxide to the H2S response is species-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia-Iris Bibli
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Athanasia Chatzianastasiou
- Faculty of Medicine, First Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Tzimas
- Molecular Biology Department, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Molecular Biology Department, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kranias
- Molecular Biology Department, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Peter Brouckaert
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Department of Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ciro Coletta
- Department of Anesthesiology University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA Shriners Burns Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA Shriners Burns Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Dimitrios Th Kremastinos
- Faculty of Medicine, Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios K Iliodromitis
- Faculty of Medicine, Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece Molecular Biology Department, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phenotypic plasticity of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to cardiovascular disease. Chondrocyte-like transformation of VSMCs associates with vascular calcification and underlies the formation of aortic cartilaginous metaplasia induced in mice by genetic loss of matrix Gla protein (MGP). Previous microarray analysis identified a dramatic downregulation of Wnt16 in calcified MGP-null aortae, suggesting an antagonistic role for Wnt16 in the chondrogenic transformation of VSMCs. APPROACH AND RESULTS Wnt16 is significantly downregulated in MGP-null aortae, before the histological appearance of cartilaginous metaplasia, and in primary MGP-null VSMCs. In contrast, intrinsic TGFβ is activated in MGP-null VSMCs and is necessary for spontaneous chondrogenesis of these cells in high-density micromass cultures. TGFβ3-induced chondrogenic transformation in wild-type VSMCs associates with Smad2/3-dependent Wnt16 downregulation, but Wnt16 does not suppress TGFβ3-induced Smad activation. In addition, TGFβ3 inhibits Notch signaling in wild-type VSMCs, and this pathway is downregulated in MGP-null aortae. Exogenous Wnt16 stimulates Notch activity and attenuates TGFβ3-induced downregulation of Notch in wild-type VSMCs, prevents chondrogenesis in MGP-null and TGFβ3-treated wild-type VSMCs, and stabilizes expression of contractile markers of differentiated VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS We describe a novel TGFβ-Wnt16-Notch signaling conduit in the chondrocyte-like transformation of VSMCs and identify endogenous TGFβ activity in MGP-null VSMCs as a critical mediator of chondrogenesis. Our proposed model suggests that the activated TGFβ pathway inhibits expression of Wnt16, which is a positive regulator of Notch signaling and a stabilizer of VSMC phenotype. These data advance the comprehensive mechanistic understanding of VSMC transformation and may identify a novel potential therapeutic target in vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E Beazley
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - Dmitry Nurminsky
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - Florence Lima
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - Chintan Gandhi
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - Maria V Nurminskaya
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
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Zeybek ACA, Kiykim E, Zubarioglu T, Cansever MS, Ceylaner S, Erkan T. CITRIN DEFICIENCY: AN INFANT INCIDENTALLY DETECTED BY PHENYLKETONURIA SCREENING WITH A NOVEL MUTATION IN SLC25A13 GENE. Genet Couns 2015; 26:409-413. [PMID: 26852511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the first Turkish patient with citrin deficiency detected incidentally by phenylketonuria screening. Mild cholestasis, increased α-fetoprotein level, aminoacidemia including citrulline and coagulation disorder suggested citrin deficiency. Screening the SLC25A13 gene revealed compound heterozygosity harboring a novel mutation, c.851-854delGTAT (p.M285Pfs*2)/ p.I290T (c.869T>C). Progression to type II citrullinemia was considered due to hyperammonemia episodes resulting from high carbohydrate/low protein diet. High protein/low carbohydrate diet resulted in cessation of hyperammonemia episodes, reversal of hepatic dysfunction and steatohepatitis. Our report illustrates the importance of awareness on citrin deficiency.
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Chanprasert S, Scaglia F. Adult liver disorders caused by inborn errors of metabolism: review and update. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 114:1-10. [PMID: 25467056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a group of genetic diseases that have protean clinical manifestations and can involve several organ systems. The age of onset is highly variable but IEMs afflict mostly the pediatric population. However, in the past decades, the advancement in management and new therapeutic approaches have led to the improvement in IEM patient care. As a result, many patients with IEMs are surviving into adulthood and developing their own set of complications. In addition, some IEMs will present in adulthood. It is important for internists to have the knowledge and be familiar with these conditions because it is predicted that more and more adult patients with IEMs will need continuity of care in the near future. The review will focus on Wilson disease, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, citrin deficiency, and HFE-associated hemochromatosis which are typically found in the adult population. Clinical manifestations and pathophysiology, particularly those that relate to hepatic disease as well as diagnosis and management will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirisak Chanprasert
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
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Anderova M, Benesova J, Mikesova M, Dzamba D, Honsa P, Kriska J, Butenko O, Novosadova V, Valihrach L, Kubista M, Dmytrenko L, Cicanic M, Vargova L. Altered astrocytic swelling in the cortex of α-syntrophin-negative GFAP/EGFP mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113444. [PMID: 25426721 PMCID: PMC4245134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain edema accompanying ischemic or traumatic brain injuries, originates from a disruption of ionic/neurotransmitter homeostasis that leads to accumulation of K+ and glutamate in the extracellular space. Their increased uptake, predominantly provided by astrocytes, is associated with water influx via aquaporin-4 (AQP4). As the removal of perivascular AQP4 via the deletion of α-syntrophin was shown to delay edema formation and K+ clearance, we aimed to elucidate the impact of α-syntrophin knockout on volume changes in individual astrocytes in situ evoked by pathological stimuli using three dimensional confocal morphometry and changes in the extracellular space volume fraction (α) in situ and in vivo in the mouse cortex employing the real-time iontophoretic method. RT-qPCR profiling was used to reveal possible differences in the expression of ion channels/transporters that participate in maintaining ionic/neurotransmitter homeostasis. To visualize individual astrocytes in mice lacking α-syntrophin we crossbred GFAP/EGFP mice, in which the astrocytes are labeled by the enhanced green fluorescent protein under the human glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter, with α-syntrophin knockout mice. Three-dimensional confocal morphometry revealed that α-syntrophin deletion results in significantly smaller astrocyte swelling when induced by severe hypoosmotic stress, oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) or 50 mM K+. As for the mild stimuli, such as mild hypoosmotic or hyperosmotic stress or 10 mM K+, α-syntrophin deletion had no effect on astrocyte swelling. Similarly, evaluation of relative α changes showed a significantly smaller decrease in α-syntrophin knockout mice only during severe pathological conditions, but not during mild stimuli. In summary, the deletion of α-syntrophin markedly alters astrocyte swelling during severe hypoosmotic stress, OGD or high K+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Anderova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Neuroscience, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Jana Benesova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Mikesova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Dzamba
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Honsa
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kriska
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olena Butenko
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Novosadova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Valihrach
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mikael Kubista
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lesia Dmytrenko
- Department of Neuroscience, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Cicanic
- Department of Neuroscience, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lydia Vargova
- Department of Neuroscience, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
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Briston SJ, Dibb KM, Solaro RJ, Eisner DA, Trafford AW. Balanced changes in Ca buffering by SERCA and troponin contribute to Ca handling during β-adrenergic stimulation in cardiac myocytes. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 104:347-54. [PMID: 25183792 PMCID: PMC4240166 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS During activation of cardiac myocytes, less than 1% of cytosolic Ca is free; the rest is bound to buffers, largely SERCA, and troponin C. Signalling by phosphorylation, as occurs during β-adrenergic stimulation, changes the Ca-binding affinity of these proteins and may affect the systolic Ca transient. Our aim was to determine the effects of β-adrenergic stimulation on Ca buffering and to differentiate between the roles of SERCA and troponin. METHODS AND RESULTS Ca buffering was studied in cardiac myocytes from mice: wild-type (WT), phospholamban-knockout (PLN-KO), and mice expressing slow skeletal troponin I (ssTnI) that is not protein kinase A phosphorylatable. WT cells showed no change in Ca buffering in response to the β-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol (ISO). However, ISO decreased Ca buffering in PLN-KO myocytes, presumably unmasking the role of troponin. This effect was confirmed in WT cells in which SERCA activity was blocked with the application of thapsigargin. In contrast, ISO increased Ca buffering in ssTnI cells, presumably revealing the effect of an increase in Ca binding to SERCA. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate the individual roles played by SERCA and troponin in Ca buffering during β-adrenergic stimulation and that these two buffers effectively counterbalance each other so that Ca buffering remains constant during β-adrenergic stimulation, a factor which may be physiologically important. This study also emphasizes the importance of taking into account Ca buffering, particularly in disease states where Ca binding to myofilaments or SERCA may be altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Briston
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Core Technology Facility, 46 Grafton St, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Katharine M Dibb
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Core Technology Facility, 46 Grafton St, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - R John Solaro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David A Eisner
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Core Technology Facility, 46 Grafton St, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Andrew W Trafford
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Core Technology Facility, 46 Grafton St, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
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Han JY, Hwang M, Hwa SY, Park JK, Ki MR, Hong IH, Kim AY, Lee EM, Lee EJ, Min CW, Kang KK, Lee MM, Sung SE, Jeong KS. ENA-A actimineral resource A extends lifespan associated with antioxidant mechanism in SMP30 knockout mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 391:175-82. [PMID: 24604672 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ENA-actimineral resource A (ENA-A) is an alkaline mineral water and has a few biological activities such as antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of ENA-A on lifespan in mice using senescence marker protein-30 knockout mice. The present study had groups of 18-week-old mice (n = 24), 26-week-old mice (n = 12), and 46-week-old mice (n = 20). Each differently aged mice group was divided into three subgroups: a control group, a 5 % ENA-A-treated group, and a 10 % ENA-A-treated group. Mice in the 18-week-old group were treated with vitamin C drinking water 1.5 g/L. However, the mice in the 26-week-old and 46-week-old groups were not treated with vitamin C. The experiments were done for 18 weeks. All vitamin C-treated mice were alive at week 18 (100% survival rate). In the non-vitamin C group, the 10% ENA-A-treated mice were alive at week 18. The control and 5% ENA-A-treated mice died by week 15. As expected, vitamin C was not detected in the non-vitamin C-treated group. However, vitamin C levels were increased in an ENA-A dose-dependent manner in the vitamin C-treated group. In the TUNEL assay, a number of positive hepatocytes significantly decreased in an ENA-A dose-dependent manner. Periodic acid Schiff positive hepatocytes were significantly increased in an ENA-A dose-dependent manner. In addition, the expression level of CuZnSOD was increased by the ENA-A treatment. These data suggest that the intake of ENA-A has a critical role in the anti-aging mechanism and could be applied toward the lifespans of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Youn Han
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Avdjieva-Tzavella DM, Ivanova MB, Todorov TP, Todorova AP, Panteleeva EI, Tincheva SS, Lazarova EA, Kathom HM, Yaneva PG, Tincheva RS. First Bulgarian case of citrin deficiency caused by one novel and one recurrent mutation in the SLC25A13 gene. Genet Couns 2014; 25:271-276. [PMID: 25365849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Citrin deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the SLC25A13 gene and has three phenotypes: neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) in newborns, failure to thrive and dyslipidemia caused by citrin deficiency (FTTDCD) in older children, and recurrent hyperammonemia with neuropsychiatric symptoms in citrullinemia type II (CTLN2) in adults. NICCD presents in the first few weeks of life with cholestatic hepatitis syndrome, multiple aminoacidemia and hypergalactosemia. To date almost all reported patients were from East Asia and only few cases from Caucasian origin have been described. We report the first Bulgarian case of NICCD. Mutation screening of the SLC25A13 gene revealed the compound heterozygous mutations c.1081C>T (p.R361*) and c.74C>A (p. A25E) which confirmed the diagnosis of NICCD. The nonsense mutation c.1081C>T (p.R361*) is novel.
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Miyata M, Suzuki S, Misaka T, Shishido T, Saitoh SI, Ishigami A, Kubota I, Takeishi Y. Senescence marker protein 30 has a cardio-protective role in doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79093. [PMID: 24391705 PMCID: PMC3876969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30), which was originally identified as an aging marker protein, is assumed to act as a novel anti-aging factor in the liver, lungs and brain. We hypothesized that SMP30 has cardio-protective function due to its anti-aging and anti-oxidant effects on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiac dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS SMP30 knockout (SMP30 KO) mice, SMP30 transgenic (SMP30 TG) mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of SMP30 gene and wild-type (WT) littermate mice at 12-14 weeks of age were given intra-peritoneal injection of DOX (20 mg/kg) or saline. Five days after DOX injection, echocardiography revealed that left ventricular ejection fraction was more severely reduced in the DOX-treated SMP30 KO mice than in the DOX-treated WT mice, but was preserved in the DOX-treated SMP30 TG mice. Generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative DNA damage in the myocardium were greater in the DOX-treated SMP30 KO mice than in the DOX-treated WT mice, but much less in the SMP30 TG mice. The numbers of deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling positive nuclei in the myocardium, apoptotic signaling pathways such as caspase-3 activity, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and phosphorylation activity of c-Jun N-terminal kinase were increased in SMP30 KO mice and decreased in SMP30 TG mice compared with WT mice after DOX injection. CONCLUSIONS SMP30 has a cardio-protective role by anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, and can be a new therapeutic target to prevent DOX-induced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Miyata
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Misaka
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shishido
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shu-ichi Saitoh
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Kubota
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Takeishi
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Marulanda J, Gao C, Roman H, Henderson JE, Murshed M. Prevention of arterial calcification corrects the low bone mass phenotype in MGP-deficient mice. Bone 2013; 57:499-508. [PMID: 23994172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Matrix gla protein (MGP), a potent inhibitor of extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization, is primarily produced by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and chondrocytes. Consistent with its expression profile, MGP deficiency in mice (Mgp-/- mice) results in extensive mineralization of all arteries and cartilaginous ECMs. Interestingly, we observed a progressive loss of body weight in Mgp-/- mice, which becomes apparent by the third week of age. Taking into account the new paradigm linking the metabolic regulators of energy metabolism and body mass to that of bone remodeling, we compared the bone volume in Mgp-/- mice to that of their wild type littermates by micro-CT and bone histomorphometry. We found a decrease of bone volume over tissue volume in Mgp-/- mice caused by an impaired osteoblast function. In culture, early differentiation of Mgp-/- primary osteoblasts was not affected; however there was a significant upregulation of the late osteogenic marker Bglap (osteocalcin). We examined whether the prevention of arterial calcification in Mgp-/- mice could correct the low bone mass phenotype. The bones of two different genetic models: Mgp-/-;SM22-Mgp and Mgp-/-;Eln+/- mice were analyzed. In the former strain, vascular calcification was fully rescued by transgenic overexpression of Mgp in the VSMCs, while in the latter, elastin haploinsufficiency significantly impeded the deposition of minerals in the arterial walls. In both models, the low mass phenotype seen in Mgp-/- mice was rescued. Our data support the hypothesis that the arterial calcification, not MGP deficiency itself, causes the low bone mass phenotype in Mgp-/- mice. Taken together, we provide evidence that arterial calcification affects bone remodeling and pave the way for further mechanistic studies to identify the pathway(s) regulating this process.
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Abstract
Background Hevin is a matricellular protein involved in tissue repair and remodeling via interaction with the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. In this study, we examined the functional role of hevin using a corneal stromal wound healing model achieved by an excimer laser-induced irregular phototherapeutic keratectomy (IrrPTK) in hevin-null (hevin-/-) mice. We also investigated the effects of exogenous supplementation of recombinant human hevin (rhHevin) to rescue the stromal cellular components damaged by the excimer laser. Methodology/Principal Findings Wild type (WT) and hevin-/- mice were divided into three groups at 4 time points- 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. Group I served as naïve without any treatment. Group II received epithelial debridement and underwent IrrPTK using excimer laser. Group III received topical application of rhHevin after IrrPTK surgery for 3 days. Eyes were analyzed for corneal haze and matrix remodeling components using slit lamp biomicroscopy, in vivo confocal microscopy, light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting (WB). IHC showed upregulation of hevin in IrrPTK-injured WT mice. Hevin-/- mice developed corneal haze as early as 1-2 weeks post IrrPTK-treatment compared to the WT group, which peaked at 3-4 weeks. They also exhibited accumulation of inflammatory cells, fibrotic components of ECM proteins and vascularized corneas as seen by IHC and WB. LM and TEM showed activated keratocytes (myofibroblasts), inflammatory debris and vascular tissues in the stroma. Exogenous application of rhHevin for 3 days reinstated inflammatory index of the corneal stroma similar to WT mice. Conclusions/Significance Hevin is transiently expressed in the IrrPTK-injured corneas and loss of hevin predisposes them to aberrant wound healing. Hevin-/- mice develop early corneal haze characterized by severe chronic inflammation and stromal fibrosis that can be rescued with exogenous administration of rhHevin. Thus, hevin plays a pivotal role in the corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam S. Chaurasia
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Signature Research Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
| | - Promoda R. Perera
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rebekah Poh
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rayne R. Lim
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tina T. Wong
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jodhbir S. Mehta
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Wongkittichote P, Sukasem C, Kikuchi A, Aekplakorn W, Jensen LT, Kure S, Wattanasirichaigoon D. Screening of SLC25A13 mutation in the Thai population. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:7735-7742. [PMID: 24282362 PMCID: PMC3837273 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i43.7735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine the prevalence of SLC25A13 mutations in the Thai population.
METHODS: A total of 1537 subjects representing the Thai population were screened for a novel pathologic allele p.Met1? (c.2T > C) and six previously known common SLC25A13 mutations: [I] (c.851_854delGTAT), [II] (g.IVS11 + 1G > A), [III] (c.1638_1660dup), [IV] (p.S225X), [V] (IVS13 + 1G > A), and [XIX] (g.IVS16ins3kb) using a newly developed TaqMan and established HybProbe assay, respectively. Sanger sequencing was employed for specimens showing an aberrant peak to confirm the targeted mutation as well as the unknown aberrant peaks detected. Frequencies of the mutations identified were compared in each region. Carrier frequency and disease prevalence of citrin deficiency caused by SCL25A13 mutations were estimated.
RESULTS: p.Met1? was identified in the heterozygous state in 85 individuals, giving a carrier frequency of 1/18, which suggests possible selective advantage of this variant. The question of p.Met1? homozygote lethality remains unanswered which may serve as an explanation as to why this homozygote has yet to be identified in patients/controls even with high allele frequency. The p.Met1? mutation has rarely been studied in populations other than Thai and Chinese; therefore, may have been overlooked. Development of the TaqMan assay in the present study would allow a simple, rapid, and cost-effective method for mass screening. Heterozygous mutations: [XIX] and [I] were identified in 17 individuals, giving a carrier rate of 1/90 and a calculated homozygote rate of 1/33000. Two novel variants, g.IVS11 + 17C > G and c.1311C > T, of unknown clinical significance were identified at low frequency.
CONCLUSION: This study highlighted the current underestimation of citrin deficiency and suggests the possible selective advantage of the p.Met1? allele.
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Yao Y, Yao J, Radparvar M, Blazquez-Medela AM, Guihard PJ, Jumabay M, Boström KI. Reducing Jagged 1 and 2 levels prevents cerebral arteriovenous malformations in matrix Gla protein deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:19071-6. [PMID: 24191040 PMCID: PMC3839731 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1310905110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are common vascular malformations, which may result in hemorrhagic strokes and neurological deficits. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Notch signaling are both involved in the development of cerebral AVMs, but the cross-talk between the two signaling pathways is poorly understood. Here, we show that deficiency of matrix Gla protein (MGP), a BMP inhibitor, causes induction of Notch ligands, dysregulation of endothelial differentiation, and the development of cerebral AVMs in MGP null (Mgp(-/-)) mice. Increased BMP activity due to the lack of MGP induces expression of the activin receptor-like kinase 1, a BMP type I receptor, in cerebrovascular endothelium. Subsequent activation of activin receptor-like kinase 1 enhances expression of Notch ligands Jagged 1 and 2, which increases Notch activity and alters the expression of Ephrin B2 and Ephrin receptor B4, arterial and venous endothelial markers, respectively. Reducing the expression of Jagged 1 and 2 in the Mgp(-/-) mice by crossing them with Jagged 1 or 2 deficient mice reduces Notch activity, normalizes endothelial differentiation, and prevents cerebral AVMs, but not pulmonary or renal AVMs. Our results suggest that Notch signaling mediates and can modulate changes in BMP signaling that lead to cerebral AVMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and
| | - Jiayi Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and
| | - Melina Radparvar
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and
| | | | | | - Medet Jumabay
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and
| | - Kristina I. Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
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Tong F, Yang JB, Huang XL, Zhou XL, Yang RL. [A case of neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency complicated with congenital biliary atresia]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2013; 51:863-865. [PMID: 24484564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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Yarotskyy V, Protasi F, Dirksen RT. Accelerated activation of SOCE current in myotubes from two mouse models of anesthetic- and heat-induced sudden death. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77633. [PMID: 24143248 PMCID: PMC3797063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) channels play an important role in Ca2+ signaling. Recently, excessive SOCE was proposed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of malignant hyperthermia (MH), a pharmacogenic disorder of skeletal muscle. We tested this hypothesis by characterizing SOCE current (ISkCRAC) magnitude, voltage dependence, and rate of activation in myotubes derived from two mouse models of anesthetic- and heat-induced sudden death: 1) type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) knock-in mice (Y524S/+) and 2) calsequestrin 1 and 2 double knock-out (dCasq-null) mice. ISkCRAC voltage dependence and magnitude at -80 mV were not significantly different in myotubes derived from wild type (WT), Y524S/+ and dCasq-null mice. However, the rate of ISkCRAC activation upon repetitive depolarization was significantly faster at room temperature in myotubes from Y524S/+ and dCasq-null mice. In addition, the maximum rate of ISkCRAC activation in dCasq-null myotubes was also faster than WT at more physiological temperatures (35-37°C). Azumolene (50 µM), a more water-soluble analog of dantrolene that is used to reverse MH crises, failed to alter ISkCRAC density or rate of activation. Together, these results indicate that while an increased rate of ISkCRAC activation is a common characteristic of myotubes derived from Y524S/+ and dCasq-null mice and that the protective effects of azumolene are not due to a direct inhibition of SOCE channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Yarotskyy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- Center for Research on Ageing & Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, Università Gabriele d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Robert T. Dirksen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Beazley KE, Lima F, Borras T, Nurminskaya M. Attenuation of chondrogenic transformation in vascular smooth muscle by dietary quercetin in the MGP-deficient mouse model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76210. [PMID: 24098781 PMCID: PMC3786963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Cartilaginous metaplasia of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) is characteristic for arterial calcification in diabetes and uremia and in the background of genetic alterations in matrix Gla protein (MGP). A better understanding of the molecular details of this process is critical for the development of novel therapeutic approaches to VSM transformation and arterial calcification. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the effects of bioflavonoid quercetin on chondrogenic transformation and calcification of VSM in the MGP-null mouse model and upon TGF-β3 stimulation in vitro, and to characterize the associated alterations in cell signaling. METHODS AND RESULTS Molecular analysis revealed activation of β-catenin signaling in cartilaginous metaplasia in Mgp-/- aortae in vivo and during chondrogenic transformation of VSMCs in vitro. Quercetin intercepted chondrogenic transformation of VSM and blocked activation of β-catenin both in vivo and in vitro. Although dietary quercetin drastically attenuated calcifying cartilaginous metaplasia in Mgp-/- animals, approximately one-half of total vascular calcium mineral remained as depositions along elastic lamellae. CONCLUSION Quercetin is potent in preventing VSM chondrogenic transformation caused by diverse stimuli. Combined with the demonstrated efficiency of dietary quercetin in preventing ectopic chondrogenesis in the MGP-null vasculature, these findings indicate a potentially broad therapeutic applicability of this safe for human consumption bioflavonoid in the therapy of cardiovascular conditions linked to cartilaginous metaplasia of VSM. Elastocalcinosis is a major component of MGP-null vascular disease and is controlled by a mechanism different from chondrogenic transformation of VSM and not sensitive to quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E. Beazley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Florence Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Teresa Borras
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Maria Nurminskaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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Vitoria I, Dalmau J, Ribes C, Rausell D, García AM, López-Montiel J, Rubio V. Citrin deficiency in a Romanian child living in Spain highlights the worldwide distribution of this defect and illustrates the value of nutritional therapy. Mol Genet Metab 2013; 110:181-3. [PMID: 23835251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We report citrin deficiency in a neonatal non-East-Asian patient, the ninth Caucasian reported with this disease. The association of intrahepatic cholestasis, galactosuria, very high alpha-fetoprotein and increased plasma and urine citrulline, tyrosine, methionine and threonine levels suggested citrin deficiency. Identification of a protein-truncating mutation (c.1078C>T; p.Arg360*) in the SLC25A13 gene confirmed the diagnosis. An immediate response to a high-protein, lactose-free, low-carbohydrate formula was observed. Our report illustrates the need for awareness on citrin deficiency in Western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidro Vitoria
- Nutrition and Metabolopathies Unit, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
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Abstract
RATIONALE Vascular calcification is a regulated process that involves osteoprogenitor cells and frequently complicates common vascular disease, such as atherosclerosis and diabetic vasculopathy. However, it is not clear whether the vascular endothelium has a role in contributing osteoprogenitor cells to the calcific lesions. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the vascular endothelium contributes osteoprogenitor cells to vascular calcification. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we use 2 mouse models of vascular calcification, mice with gene deletion of matrix Gla protein, a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-inhibitor, and Ins2Akita/+ mice, a diabetes model. We show that enhanced BMP signaling in both types of mice stimulates the vascular endothelium to contribute osteoprogenitor cells to the vascular calcification. The enhanced BMP signaling results in endothelial-mesenchymal transitions and the emergence of multipotent cells, followed by osteoinduction. Endothelial markers colocalize with multipotent and osteogenic markers in calcified arteries by immunostaining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Lineage tracing using Tie2-Gfp transgenic mice supports an endothelial origin of the osteogenic cells. Enhancement of matrix Gla protein expression in Ins2Akita/+ mice, as mediated by an Mgp transgene, limits the generation of multipotent cells. Moreover, matrix Gla protein-depleted human aortic endothelial cells in vitro acquire multipotency rendering the cells susceptible to osteoinduction by BMP and high glucose. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the endothelium is a source of osteoprogenitor cells in vascular calcification that occurs in disorders with high BMP activation, such as deficiency of BMP-inhibitors and diabetes mellitus.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/cytology
- Calcinosis/physiopathology
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/deficiency
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/physiology
- Cell Lineage
- Cell Transdifferentiation/physiology
- Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetic Angiopathies/genetics
- Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/deficiency
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/genetics
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/physiology
- Glucose/pharmacology
- Heterozygote
- Humans
- Insulin/genetics
- Insulin/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microfilament Proteins/physiology
- Multipotent Stem Cells/pathology
- Muscle Proteins/physiology
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Receptor, TIE-2/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology
- Signal Transduction
- Vascular Diseases/physiopathology
- Matrix Gla Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
| | - Medet Jumabay
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
| | - Albert Ly
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
| | - Melina Radparvar
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
| | - Mark R. Cubberly
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
| | - Kristina I. Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA
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