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Zhang J, Suttapreyasri S, Leethanakul C, Samruajbenjakun B. Fabrication of vascularized tissue-engineered bone models using triaxial bioprinting. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1093-1106. [PMID: 38411369 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Bone tissue is a highly vascularized tissue. When constructing tissue-engineered bone models, both the osteogenic and angiogenic capabilities of the construct should be carefully considered. However, fabricating a vascularized tissue-engineered bone to promote vascular formation and bone generation, while simultaneously establishing nutrition channels to facilitate nutrient exchange within the constructs, remains a significant challenge. Triaxial bioprinting, which not only allows the independent encapsulation of different cell types while simultaneously forming nutrient channels, could potentially emerge as a strategy for fabricating vascularized tissue-engineered bone. Moreover, bioinks should also be applied in combination to promote both osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In this study, employing triaxial bioprinting, we used a blend bioink of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), sodium alginate (Alg), and different concentrations of nano beta-tricalcium phosphate (nano β-TCP) encapsulated MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts as the outer layer, a mixed bioink of GelMA and Alg loaded with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as the middle layer, and gelatin as a sacrificial material to form nutrient channels in the inner layer to fabricate vascularized bone constructs simulating the microenvironment for bone and vascular tissues. The results showed that the addition of nano β-TCP could adjust the mechanical, swelling, and degradation properties of the constructs. Biological assessments revealed the cell viability of constructs containing different concentrations of nano β-TCP was higher than 90% on day 7, The cell-laden constructs containing 3% (w/v) nano β-TCP exhibited better osteogenic (higher Alkaline phosphatase activity and larger Osteocalcin positive area) and angiogenic (the gradual increased CD31 positive area) potential. Therefore, using triaxial bioprinting technology and employing GelMA, Alg, and nano β-TCP as bioink components could fabricate vascularized bone tissue constructs, offering a novel strategy for vascularized bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbiao Zhang
- Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Srisurang Suttapreyasri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Chidchanok Leethanakul
- Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Bancha Samruajbenjakun
- Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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2
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Li X, Coates DE. Hollow channels scaffold in bone regenerative: a review. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2023; 34:1702-1715. [PMID: 36794303 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2181066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Bone substitute materials have been extensively used for bone regeneration over the past 50 years. The development of novel materials, fabrication technologies and the incorporation and release of regenerative cytokines, growth factors, cells and antimicrobials has been driven by the rapid development in the field of additive manufacturing technology. There are still however, significant challenges that need addressing, including ways to better mediate the rapid vascularization of bone scaffolds to enhance subsequent regeneration and osteogenesis. Increasing construct porosity can accelerate the development of blood vessels in the scaffold, but doing so also weakens the constructs mechanical properties. A novel design for promoting rapid vascularization is to fabricate custom-made hollow channels as bone scaffolds. Summarized here are the current developments in hollow channels scaffold, including their biological attributes, physio-chemical properties, and effects on regeneration. An overview of recent developments in scaffold fabrication as they relate to hollow channel constructs and their structural features will be introduced with an emphasis on attributes that enhance new bone and vessel formation. Furthermore, the potential to enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis by replicating the structure of real bone will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dawn Elizabeth Coates
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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3
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Xu Z, Kusumbe AP, Cai H, Wan Q, Chen J. Type H blood vessels in coupling angiogenesis-osteogenesis and its application in bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:1434-1446. [PMID: 36880538 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
One specific capillary subtype, termed type H vessel, has been found with unique functional characteristics in coupling angiogenesis with osteogenesis. Researchers have fabricated a variety of tissue engineering scaffolds to enhance bone healing and regeneration through the accumulation of type H vessels. However, only a limited number of reviews discussed the tissue engineering strategies for type H vessel regulation. The object of this review is to summary the current utilizes of bone tissue engineering to regulate type H vessels through various signal pathways including Notch, PDGF-BB, Slit3, HIF-1α, and VEGF signaling. Moreover, we give an insightful overview of recent research progress about the morphological, spatial and age-dependent characteristics of type H blood vessels. Their unique role in tying angiogenesis and osteogenesis together via blood flow, cellular microenvironment, immune system and nervous system are also summarized. This review article would provide an insight into the combination of tissue engineering scaffolds with type H vessels and identify future perspectives for vasculized tissue engineering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anjali P Kusumbe
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - He Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianbing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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4
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Lin C, Chen Z, Guo D, Zhou L, Lin S, Li C, Li S, Wang X, Lin B, Ding Y. Increased expression of osteopontin in subchondral bone promotes bone turnover and remodeling, and accelerates the progression of OA in a mouse model. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:253-271. [PMID: 34982732 PMCID: PMC8791213 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) has been proved to be closely related to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), but the role of OPN in the pathogenesis of OA has not been fully clarified. Current studies on OPN in OA mostly focus on articular cartilage, synovial membrane and articular fluid, while ignoring its role in OA subchondral bone turnover and remodeling. In this study, we used a destabilization OA mouse model to investigate the role of OPN in OA subchondral bone changes. Our results indicate that increased expression of OPN accelerates the turnover and remodeling of OA subchondral bone, promotes the formation of h-type vessels in subchondral bone, and mediates articular cartilage degeneration induced by subchondral bone metabolism. In addition, our results confirmed that inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibits OPN-mediated OA subchondral bone remodeling and cartilage degeneration. This study revealed the role and mechanism of OPN in OA subchondral bone, which is of great significance for exploring specific biological indicators for early diagnosis of OA and monitoring disease progression, as well as for developing drugs to regulate the metabolism and turnover of subchondral bone and alleviate the subchondral bone sclerosis of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangxin Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515000, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R China
| | - Laixi Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515000, P.R. China
| | - Sipeng Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Changchuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Shixun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xinjia Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Bendan Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515000, P.R. China
| | - Yue Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
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Kumar N, Saraber P, Ding Z, Kusumbe AP. Diversity of Vascular Niches in Bones and Joints During Homeostasis, Ageing, and Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:798211. [PMID: 34975909 PMCID: PMC8718446 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.798211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The bones and joints in the skeletal system are composed of diverse cell types, including vascular niches, bone cells, connective tissue cells and mineral deposits and regulate whole-body homeostasis. The capacity of maintaining strength and generation of blood lineages lies within the skeletal system. Bone harbours blood and immune cells and their progenitors, and vascular cells provide several immune cell type niches. Blood vessels in bone are phenotypically and functionally diverse, with distinct capillary subtypes exhibiting striking changes with age. The bone vasculature has a special impact on osteogenesis and haematopoiesis, and dysregulation of the vasculature is associated with diverse blood and bone diseases. Ageing is associated with perturbed haematopoiesis, loss of osteogenesis, increased adipogenesis and diminished immune response and immune cell production. Endothelial and perivascular cells impact immune cell production and play a crucial role during inflammation. Here, we discuss normal and maladapted vascular niches in bone during development, homeostasis, ageing and bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Further, we discuss the role of vascular niches during bone malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anjali P. Kusumbe
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Zhao Z, Sun Y, Qiao Q, Zhang L, Xie X, Weir MD, Schneider A, Xu HHK, Zhang N, Zhang K, Bai Y. Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Co-Culture to Prevascularize Scaffolds for Angiogenic and Osteogenic Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212363. [PMID: 34830243 PMCID: PMC8621970 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Vascularization remains a critical challenge in bone tissue engineering. The objective of this study was to prevascularize calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold by co-culturing human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (hUVECs) for the first time; (2) Methods: hPDLSCs and/or hUVECs were seeded on CPC scaffolds. Three groups were tested: (i) hUVEC group (hUVECs on CPC); (ii) hPDLSC group (hPDLSCs on CPC); (iii) co-culture group (hPDLSCs + hUVECs on CPC). Osteogenic differentiation, bone mineral synthesis, and microcapillary-like structures were evaluated; (3) Results: Angiogenic gene expressions of co-culture group were 6–9 fold those of monoculture. vWF expression of co-culture group was 3 times lower than hUVEC-monoculture group. Osteogenic expressions of co-culture group were 2–3 folds those of the hPDLSC-monoculture group. ALP activity and bone mineral synthesis of co-culture were much higher than hPDLSC-monoculture group. Co-culture group formed capillary-like structures at 14–21 days. Vessel length and junction numbers increased with time; (4) Conclusions: The hUVECs + hPDLSCs co-culture on CPC scaffold achieved excellent osteogenic and angiogenic capability in vitro for the first time, generating prevascularized networks. The hPDLSCs + hUVECs co-culture had much better osteogenesis and angiogenesis than monoculture. CPC scaffolds prevacularized via hPDLSCs + hUVECs are promising for dental, craniofacial, and orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqing Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (Q.Q.); (L.Z.); (X.X.); (K.Z.)
| | - Yaxi Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (Q.Q.); (L.Z.); (X.X.); (K.Z.)
| | - Qingchen Qiao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (Q.Q.); (L.Z.); (X.X.); (K.Z.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (Q.Q.); (L.Z.); (X.X.); (K.Z.)
| | - Xianju Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (Q.Q.); (L.Z.); (X.X.); (K.Z.)
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.D.W.); (H.H.K.X.)
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.D.W.); (H.H.K.X.)
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (Q.Q.); (L.Z.); (X.X.); (K.Z.)
- Correspondence: (N.Z.); (Y.B.)
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (Q.Q.); (L.Z.); (X.X.); (K.Z.)
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.S.); (Q.Q.); (L.Z.); (X.X.); (K.Z.)
- Correspondence: (N.Z.); (Y.B.)
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Kukita T, Hiura H, Gu JY, Zhang JQ, Kyumoto-Nakamura Y, Uehara N, Murata S, Sonoda S, Yamaza T, Takahashi I, Kukita A. Modulation of osteoclastogenesis through adrenomedullin receptors on osteoclast precursors: initiation of differentiation by asymmetric cell division. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1449-1457. [PMID: 34611305 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM), a member of the calcitonin family of peptides, is a potent vasodilator and was shown to have the ability to modulate bone metabolism. We have previously found a unique cell surface antigen (Kat1 antigen) expressed in rat osteoclasts, which is involved in the functional regulation of the calcitonin receptor (CTR). Cross-linking of cell surface Kat1 antigen with anti-Kat1 antigen monoclonal antibody (mAbKat1) stimulated osteoclast formation only under conditions suppressed by calcitonin. Here, we found that ADM provoked a significant stimulation in osteoclastogenesis only in the presence of calcitonin; a similar biological effect was seen with mAbKat1 in the bone marrow culture system. This stimulatory effect on osteoclastogenesis mediated by ADM was abolished by the addition of mAbKat1. 125I-labeled rat ADM (125I-ADM)-binding experiments involving micro-autoradiographic studies demonstrated that mononuclear precursors of osteoclasts abundantly expressed ADM receptors, and the specific binding of 125I-ADM was markedly inhibited by the addition of mAbKat1, suggesting a close relationship between the Kat1 antigen and the functional ADM receptors expressed on cells in the osteoclast lineage. ADM receptors were also detected in the osteoclast progenitor cells in the late mitotic phase, in which only one daughter cell of the dividing cell express ADM receptors, suggesting the semiconservative cell division of the osteoclast progenitors in the initiation of osteoclastogenesis. Messenger RNAs for the receptor activity-modifying-protein 1 (RAMP1) and calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) were expressed in cells in the osteoclast lineage; however, the expression of RAMP2 or RAMP3 was not detected in these cells. It is suggested that the Kat1 antigen is involved in the functional ADM receptor distinct from the general ADM receptor, consisting of CRLR and RAMP2 or RAMP3. Modulation of osteoclastogenesis through functional ADM receptors abundantly expressed on mononuclear osteoclast precursors is supposed to be important in the fine regulation of osteoclast differentiation in a specific osteotrophic hormonal condition with a high level of calcitonin in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Kukita
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Hidenobu Hiura
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Department of Orthodontics and Dental Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-3-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jiong-Yan Gu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jing-Qi Zhang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yukari Kyumoto-Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Norihisa Uehara
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sara Murata
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Department of Orthodontics and Dental Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-3-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Soichiro Sonoda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takahashi
- Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Department of Orthodontics and Dental Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-3-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Kukita
- Department of Research Center of Arthroplasty, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga, 849-0937, Japan
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a whole-joint disease characterized by subchondral bone perfusion abnormalities and neovascular invasion into the synovium and articular cartilage. In addition to local vascular disturbance, mounting evidence suggests a pivotal role for systemic vascular pathology in the aetiology of OA. This Review outlines the current understanding of the close relationship between high blood pressure (hypertension) and OA at the crossroads of epidemiology and molecular biology. As one of the most common comorbidities in patients with OA, hypertension can disrupt joint homeostasis both biophysically and biochemically. High blood pressure can increase intraosseous pressure and cause hypoxia, which in turn triggers subchondral bone and osteochondral junction remodelling. Furthermore, systemic activation of the renin-angiotensin and endothelin systems can affect the Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway locally to govern joint disease. The intimate relationship between hypertension and OA indicates that endothelium-targeted strategies, including re-purposed FDA-approved antihypertensive drugs, could be useful in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Ching
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xavier Houard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne Université, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Chunyi Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
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Hoffmann J, Luxán G, Abplanalp WT, Glaser SF, Rasper T, Fischer A, Muhly-Reinholz M, Potente M, Assmus B, John D, Zeiher AM, Dimmeler S. Post-myocardial infarction heart failure dysregulates the bone vascular niche. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3964. [PMID: 34172720 PMCID: PMC8233308 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of bone vasculature by chronic diseases, such as heart failure is unknown. Here, we describe the effects of myocardial infarction and post-infarction heart failure on the bone vascular cell composition. We demonstrate an age-independent loss of type H endothelium in heart failure after myocardial infarction in both mice and humans. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we delineate the transcriptional heterogeneity of human bone marrow endothelium, showing increased expression of inflammatory genes, including IL1B and MYC, in ischemic heart failure. Endothelial-specific overexpression of MYC was sufficient to induce type H bone endothelial cells, whereas inhibition of NLRP3-dependent IL-1β production partially prevented the post-myocardial infarction loss of type H vasculature in mice. These results provide a rationale for using anti-inflammatory therapies to prevent or reverse the deterioration of bone vascular function in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jedrzej Hoffmann
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Guillermo Luxán
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Wesley Tyler Abplanalp
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simone-Franziska Glaser
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tina Rasper
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ariane Fischer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marion Muhly-Reinholz
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Potente
- Angiogenesis and Metabolism Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Assmus
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David John
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Michael Zeiher
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Zhao S, Hasegawa T, Hongo H, Yamamoto T, Abe M, Yoshida T, Haraguchi M, de Freitas PHL, Li M, Tei K, Amizuka N. Intermittent PTH Administration Increases Bone-Specific Blood Vessels and Surrounding Stromal Cells in Murine Long Bones. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 108:391-406. [PMID: 33170307 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00776-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To verify whether PTH acts on bone-specific blood vessels and on cells surrounding these blood vessels, 6-week-old male mice were subjected to vehicle (control group) or hPTH [1-34] (20 µg/kg/day, PTH group) injections for 2 weeks. Femoral metaphyses were used for histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. In control metaphyses, endomucin-positive blood vessels were abundant, but αSMA-reactive blood vessels were scarce. In the PTH-administered mice, the lumen of endomucin-positive blood vessels was markedly enlarged. Moreover, many αSMA-positive cells were evident near the blood vessels, and seemed to derive from those vessels. These αSMA-positive cells neighboring the blood vessels showed features of mesenchymal stromal cells, such as immunopositivity for c-kit and tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNALP). Thus, PTH administration increased the population of perivascular/stromal cells positive for αSMA and c-kit, which were likely committed to the osteoblastic lineage. To understand the cellular events that led to increased numbers and size of bone-specific blood vessels, we performed immunohistochemical studies for PTH/PTHrP receptor and VEGF. After PTH administration, PTH/PTHrP receptor, VEGF and its receptor flk-1 were consistently identified in both osteoblasts and blood vessels (endothelial cells and surrounding perivascular cells). Our findings suggest that exogenous PTH increases the number and size of bone-specific blood vessels while fostering perivascular/stromal cells positive for αSMA/TNALP/c-kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Department of Endodontics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Hasegawa
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan.
| | - Hiromi Hongo
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Tomomaya Yamamoto
- Section of Dentistry, Camp Asaka, Japan Ground Self-Defense Forces, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Abe
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Taiji Yoshida
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Mai Haraguchi
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | | | - Minqi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, The School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kanchu Tei
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
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Nguyen VT, Nardini M, Ruggiu A, Cancedda R, Descalzi F, Mastrogiacomo M. Platelet Lysate Induces in Human Osteoblasts Resumption of Cell Proliferation and Activation of Pathways Relevant for Revascularization and Regeneration of Damaged Bone. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145123. [PMID: 32698534 PMCID: PMC7403959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the regenerative effect of platelet-released molecules in bone repair one should investigate the cascade of events involving the resident osteoblast population during the reconstructive process. Here the in vitro response of human osteoblasts to a platelet lysate (PL) stimulus is reported. Quiescent or very slow dividing osteoblasts showed a burst of proliferation after PL stimulation and returned to a none or very slow dividing condition when the PL was removed. PL stimulated osteoblasts maintained a differentiation capability in vitro and in vivo when tested in absence of PL. Since angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the bone healing process, we investigated in PL stimulated osteoblasts the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways, involved in both angiogenesis and bone regeneration. We observed phosphorylation of STAT3 and a strong induction, nuclear translocation and DNA binding of HIF-1α. In agreement with the induction of HIF-1α an enhanced secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) occurred. The double effect of the PL on quiescent osteoblasts, i.e., resumption of proliferation and activation of pathways promoting both angiogenesis and bone formation, provides a rationale to the application of PL as therapeutic agent in post-traumatic bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thi Nguyen
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (V.T.N.); (A.R.); (F.D.)
| | - Marta Nardini
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- Biotherapy Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ruggiu
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (V.T.N.); (A.R.); (F.D.)
| | | | - Fiorella Descalzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (V.T.N.); (A.R.); (F.D.)
| | - Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- Biotherapy Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Center for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-555-8203
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Abstract
In the mammalian skeletal system, osteogenesis and angiogenesis are intimately linked during bone growth and regeneration in bone modeling and during bone homeostasis in bone remodeling. Recent studies have expanded our knowledge about the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for coupling angiogenesis and bone formation. Type H vessels, termed such because of high expression of Endomucin (Emcn) and CD31, have recently been identified and have the ability to induce bone formation. Factors including platelet-derived growth factor type BB (PDGF-BB), slit guidance ligand 3 (SLIT3), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), Notch, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are involved in the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis. This review summarizes the current understanding of signaling pathways that regulate type H vessels and how type H vessels modulate osteogenesis. Further studies dissecting the regulation and function of type H vessels will provide new insights into the role of bone vasculature in the metabolism of the skeleton. We also discuss considerations for therapeutic approaches targeting type H vessels to promote fracture healing, prevent pathological bone loss, osteonecrosis, osteoarthritis, and bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Peng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 41000, China
| | - Janet L. Crane
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Rumney RMH, Lanham SA, Kanczler JM, Kao AP, Thiagarajan L, Dixon JE, Tozzi G, Oreffo ROC. In vivo delivery of VEGF RNA and protein to increase osteogenesis and intraosseous angiogenesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17745. [PMID: 31780671 PMCID: PMC6882814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53249-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficient bone vasculature is a key component in pathological conditions ranging from developmental skeletal abnormalities to impaired bone repair. Vascularisation is dependent upon vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which drives both angiogenesis and osteogenesis. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of blood vessel and bone formation following transfection with VEGF RNA or delivery of recombinant human VEGF165 protein (rhVEGF165) across in vitro and in vivo model systems. To quantify blood vessels within bone, an innovative approach was developed using high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (XCT) to generate quantifiable three-dimensional reconstructions. Application of rhVEGF165 enhanced osteogenesis, as evidenced by increased human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell proliferation in vitro and calvarial bone thickness following in vivo administration. In contrast, transfection with VEGF RNA triggered angiogenic effects by promoting VEGF protein secretion from MG-63VEGF165 cells in vitro, which resulted in significantly increased angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic (CAM) assay in ovo. Furthermore, direct transfection of bone with VEGF RNA in vivo increased intraosseous vascular branching. This study demonstrates the importance of continuous supply as opposed to a single high dose of VEGF on angiogenesis and osteogenesis and, illustrates the potential of XCT in delineating in 3D, blood vessel connectivity in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M H Rumney
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom.
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, St Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, United Kingdom.
| | - Stuart A Lanham
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Janos M Kanczler
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander P Kao
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom
| | - Lalitha Thiagarajan
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), Centre of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - James E Dixon
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), Centre of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
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Jin L, Li P, Wang YC, Feng L, Xu R, Yang DB, Yao XH. Studies of Superb Microvascular Imaging and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Vascularization in Early Bone Regeneration. J Ultrasound Med 2019; 38:2963-2971. [PMID: 30945763 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate value of superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in evaluating the neovascularization of early bone regeneration. METHODS Twenty-five Sprague-Dawley male rats were implanted with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2/calcium phosphate cement (rhBMP-2/) in the muscle space of the left hind limb near the femoral head to establish the rat model of intramuscular ectopic osteogenesis. Ultrasonography and pathologic analysis were performed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days after modeling. Two-dimensional ultrasonography, SMI, and CEUS were used to assess neovascularization and bone formation. RESULTS Pathologic examination showed that different levels of neovascularization were observed in the graft bone over time after modeling, which increased significantly from the 3rd to 14th day, and then gradually decreased. CEUS and SMI showed no obvious microvessels inside the graft bone on the 3rd day. On the 7th day after modeling, a small number of neovascular vessels were observed around the graft bone. On the 14th day, neovascularization was observed in both the peripheral and inner parts of the graft bone. The number of neovascular vessels inside the graft bone had decreased gradually by the 21st and 28th days. The results of SMI and CEUS indexes showed that the vascular index, peak intensity, enhancement intensity, and enhancement rate first increased and then decreased with time. Their peak points were found on the 14th day. Arrival time, time to peak, and enhancement time decreased gradually over time (P < .05). CONCLUSION The combined application of SMI and CEUS may be useful in evaluating the neovascularization of early osteoanagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Chun Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Feng
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - De-Bin Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yao
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Fesenko D, Glazunov O, Nakonechna O, Nazaryan R, Gargin V. CONSEQUENCES OF MICROSEQUENCES OF MICROCIRCULATORY DISTRURBANCES OF ORAL MUCOSA IN MODELING OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. Georgian Med News 2019:137-140. [PMID: 31804216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by synovial hyperplasia and the destruction of cartilage and bone with unclear morphogenesis of pathological changes in oral cavity. Simultaneously microcirculatory disturbance is important link of pathogenesis in many pathological conditions in oral cavity with inflammatory consequences. The aim of this study was to determine importance of microcirculatory disturbance of oral mucosa in modeling of rheumatoid arthritis. Experimental investigation has been performed with modeling RA on laboratory white male mice according to described before method. Investigated groups were formed according to severity manifestation as ankle changes using digital calipers measuring. The specimens of soft tissues of the oral cavity were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, according to van Gieson, according to Rego after the routine proceeding. Morphometric studies were performed with estimation of volumes of specific vascular density in microcirculatory bed, density of connective tissue in lamina propria and area of tissue with ischemia. It was detected that disturbance of oral mucosae microvasculature is formed in rheumatoid arthritis with strong correlation relationship between specific densities of microcirculatory bed vessels and rheumatoid arthritis severity (r=0.74). Development of ischemic area indicates strong correlation relationship between ischemic area and rheumatoid arthritis severity also (r=0.72) and it could be connected with changes in microvasculature (r=0.82). Development of sclerotic changes in the lamina propria of the mucosa could is characterized by increased area of connective tissue from 21.37±2.82% to 34.97±2.26 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fesenko
- 1State Establishment "Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy"
| | - O Glazunov
- 1State Establishment "Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy"
| | | | - R Nazaryan
- 2Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine
| | - V Gargin
- 2Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine
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16
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Pal S, Porwal K, Singh H, Malik MY, Rashid M, Kulkarni C, Khan Y, Jagavelu K, Wahajuddin M, Chattopadhyay N. Reversal of Osteopenia in Ovariectomized Rats by Pentoxifylline: Evidence of Osteogenic and Osteo-Angiogenic Roles of the Drug. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 105:294-307. [PMID: 31175387 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor and is used for the management of intermittent claudication. We tested whether PTX has oral efficacy in stimulating new bone formation. Rat calvarial osteoblasts (RCO) were used to study the effect of PTX on osteoblast differentiation and angiogenesis. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies were carried out in rats to determine an oral dose of PTX. In ovariectomized (OVX) rats with osteopenia, the effect of PTX on various skeletal parameters was studied, and compared with teriparatide. Effect of PTX on angiogenic signaling was studied by immunoblotting and relevant pharmacologic inhibitors. Bone vascularity was measured by intravenous injection of polystyrene fluorospheres followed by in vivo imaging, and angiogenesis was studied in vitro by tubulogenesis of endothelial cells and in vivo by Matrigel plug assay. Effective concentration (EC50) of PTX in RCO was 8.2 nM and plasma PTX level was 7 nM/mL after single oral dosing of 25 mg/kg, which was 1/6th the clinically used dose. At this dose, PTX enhanced bone regeneration at femur osteotomy site and completely restored bone mass, microarchitecture, and strength in OVX rats. Furthermore, PTX increased surface referent bone formation parameters and serum bone formation marker (PINP) without affecting the resorption marker (CTX-1). PTX increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor in bones and osteoblasts. PTX also increased skeletal vascularity, tubulogenesis of endothelial cells and in vivo angiogenesis. Taken together, our study suggested that PTX at 16% of adult human oral dose completely reversed osteopenia in OVX rats by osteogenic and osteo-angiogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Himalaya Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Mamunur Rashid
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Chirag Kulkarni
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Yasir Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | | | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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17
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Walsh DP, Raftery RM, Chen G, Heise A, O'Brien FJ, Cryan SA. Rapid healing of a critical-sized bone defect using a collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold to facilitate low dose, combinatorial growth factor delivery. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:1843-1853. [PMID: 31306563 DOI: 10.1002/term.2934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The healing of large, critically sized bone defects remains an unmet clinical need in modern orthopaedic medicine. The tissue engineering field is increasingly using biomaterial scaffolds as 3D templates to guide the regenerative process, which can be further augmented via the incorporation of recombinant growth factors. Typically, this necessitates supraphysiological doses of growth factor to facilitate an adequate therapeutic response. Herein, we describe a cell-free, biomaterial implant which is functionalised with a low dose, combinatorial growth factor therapy that is capable of rapidly regenerating vascularised bone tissue within a critical-sized rodent calvarial defect. Specifically, we demonstrate that the dual delivery of the growth factors bone morphogenetic protein-2 (osteogenic) and vascular endothelial growth factor (angiogenic) at a low dose (5 μg/scaffold) on an osteoconductive collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold is highly effective in healing these critical-sized bone defects. The high affinity between the hydroxyapatite component of this biomimetic scaffold and the growth factors functions to sequester them locally at the defect site. Using this growth factor-loaded scaffold, we show complete bridging of a critical-sized calvarial defect in all specimens at a very early time point of 4 weeks, with a 28-fold increase in new bone volume and seven-fold increase in new bone area compared with a growth factor-free scaffold. Overall, this study demonstrates that a collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold can be used to locally harness the synergistic relationship between osteogenic and angiogenic growth factors to rapidly regenerate bone tissue without the need for more complex controlled delivery vehicles or high total growth factor doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Walsh
- Drug Delivery and Advanced Materials Team, School of Pharmacy, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI, TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rosanne M Raftery
- Drug Delivery and Advanced Materials Team, School of Pharmacy, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI, TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Microsurgical Research and Training Facility (MRTF), RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andreas Heise
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI, TCD, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), RCSI, Dublin and National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Drug Delivery and Advanced Materials Team, School of Pharmacy, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI, TCD, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), RCSI, Dublin and National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- Drug Delivery and Advanced Materials Team, School of Pharmacy, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI, TCD, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), RCSI, Dublin and National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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18
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Ruehle MA, Li MTA, Cheng A, Krishnan L, Willett NJ, Guldberg RE. Decorin-supplemented collagen hydrogels for the co-delivery of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and microvascular fragments to a composite bone-muscle injury model with impaired vascularization. Acta Biomater 2019; 93:210-221. [PMID: 30685477 PMCID: PMC6759335 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic musculoskeletal injuries that result in bone defects or fractures often affect both bone and the surrounding soft tissue. Clinically, these types of multi-tissue injuries have increased rates of complications and long-term disability. Vascular integrity is a key clinical indicator of injury severity, and revascularization of the injury site is a critical early step of the bone healing process. Our lab has previously established a pre-clinical model of composite bone-muscle injury that exhibits impaired bone healing; however, the vascularization response in this model had not yet been investigated. Here, the early revascularization of a bone defect following composite injury is shown to be impaired, and subsequently the therapeutic potential of combined vascularization and osteoinduction was investigated to overcome the impaired regeneration in composite injuries. A decorin (DCN)-supplemented collagen hydrogel was developed as a biomaterial delivery vehicle for the co-delivery microvascular fragments (MVF), which are multicellular segments of mature vasculature, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), a potent osteoinductive growth factor. We hypothesized that collagen + DCN would increase BMP-2 retention over collagen alone due to DCN's ability to sequester TGF-ß growth factors. We further hypothesized that MVF would increase both early vascularization and subsequent BMP-2-mediated bone regeneration. Contrary to our hypothesis, BMP + MVF decreased the number of blood vessels relative to BMP alone and had no effect on bone healing. However, collagen + DCN was demonstrated to be a BMP-2 delivery vehicle capable of achieving bridging in the challenging composite defect model that is comparable to that achieved with a well-established alginate-based delivery system. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We have previously established a model of musculoskeletal trauma that exhibits impaired bone healing. For the first time, this work shows that the early revascularization response is also significantly, albeit modestly, impaired. A decorin-supplemented collagen hydrogel was used for the first time in vivo as a delivery vehicle for both a cell-based vascular therapeutic, MVF, and an osteoinductive growth factor, BMP-2. While MVF did not improve vascular volume or bone healing, collagen + DCN is a BMP-2 delivery vehicle capable of achieving bridging in the challenging composite defect model. Based on its support of robust angiogenesis in vitro, collagen + DCN may be extended for future use with other vascular therapeutics such as pre-formed vascular networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa A Ruehle
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mon-Tzu Alice Li
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Albert Cheng
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Laxminarayanan Krishnan
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nick J Willett
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Research Service, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Robert E Guldberg
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
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Anada T, Pan CC, Stahl AM, Mori S, Fukuda J, Suzuki O, Yang Y. Vascularized Bone-Mimetic Hydrogel Constructs by 3D Bioprinting to Promote Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051096. [PMID: 30836606 PMCID: PMC6429349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a highly vascularized tissue with a unique and complex structure. Long bone consists of a peripheral cortical shell containing a network of channels for vascular penetration and an inner highly vascularized bone marrow space. Bioprinting is a powerful tool to enable rapid and precise spatial patterning of cells and biomaterials. Here we developed a two-step digital light processing technique to fabricate a bone-mimetic 3D hydrogel construct based on octacalcium phosphate (OCP), spheroids of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels. The bone-mimetic 3D hydrogel construct was designed to consist of a peripheral OCP-containing GelMA ring to mimic the cortical shell, and a central GelMA ring containing HUVEC spheroids to mimic the bone marrow space. We further demonstrate that OCP, which is evenly embedded in the GelMA, stimulates the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. We refined the design of a spheroid culture device to facilitate the rapid formation of a large number of HUVEC spheroids, which were embedded into different concentrations of GelMA hydrogels. It is shown that the concentration of GelMA modulates the extent of formation of the capillary-like structures originating from the HUVEC spheroids. This cell-loaded hydrogel-based bone construct with a biomimetic dual ring structure can be potentially used for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Anada
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
- Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Chi-Chun Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Building 380, Sloan Mathematical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Alexander M Stahl
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Satomi Mori
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Junji Fukuda
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
| | - Osamu Suzuki
- Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Yunzhi Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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20
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Guo C, Yang K, Yan Y, Yan D, Cheng Y, Yan X, Qian N, Zhou Q, Chen B, Jiang M, Zhou H, Li C, Wang F, Qi J, Xu X, Deng L. SF-deferoxamine, a bone-seeking angiogenic drug, prevents bone loss in estrogen-deficient mice. Bone 2019; 120:156-165. [PMID: 30385424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Deferoxamine (DFO) possesses a good chelating capability and is therefore used for the clinical treatment of ion deposition diseases. Increasing evidence shows that DFO can inhibit the activity of proline hydroxylase (PHD) by chelating iron, resulting in hypoxia-induced factor (HIF) signaling activation and angiogenesis promotion. However, clinical evidence indicates that a high concentration of DFO could be biotoxic due to its enrichment in related organs. Thus, we established a new compound by conjugating DFO with the bone-seeking agent iminodiacetic acid (IDA); the new agent is called SF-DFO, and we verified its promotion of HIF activation and tube formation in vivo. After confirming the bone-seeking property of SF-DFO in the femur and vertebra of both male and female mice and comparing it to that of DFO, we analyzed the protective effect of DFO and SF-DFO in an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model. The serum CTX-I level revealed no influence of DFO and SF-DFO on osteoclast activity, but the blood vessels and osteoblasts in the metaphysis were more abundant after SF-DFO treatment, which resulted in a greater protective effect against trabecular bone loss compared to the DFO group. Additionally, the cortical parameters and bone strength performance were identical between the DFO and SF-DFO groups. However, the diffuse inflammatory response in the liver and spleen that occurred after DFO injection was not observed in the SF-DFO group. Thus, with reduced biotoxicity and an equivalent bone-seeking capability, SF-DFO may be a better choice for the prevention of vascular degradation-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Orthopedics, Rui Jin North Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 999 Xiwang Road, Shanghai 201801, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yufei Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Dongming Yan
- National Shanghai Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, 199 Guoshoujing Road, China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yifan Cheng
- National Shanghai Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, 199 Guoshoujing Road, China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xueming Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Niandong Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hanbing Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Changwei Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jin Qi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Rui Jin North Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 999 Xiwang Road, Shanghai 201801, China; Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
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21
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Paris JL, Lafuente-Gómez N, Cabañas MV, Román J, Peña J, Vallet-Regí M. Fabrication of a nanoparticle-containing 3D porous bone scaffold with proangiogenic and antibacterial properties. Acta Biomater 2019; 86:441-449. [PMID: 30654210 PMCID: PMC6667335 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
3D porous scaffolds based on agarose and nanocrystalline apatite, two structural components that act as a temporary mineralized extracellular matrix, were prepared by the GELPOR3D method. This shaping technology allows the introduction of thermally-labile molecules within the scaffolds during the fabrication procedure. An angiogenic protein, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and an antibiotic, cephalexin, loaded in mesoporous silica nanoparticles, were included to design multifunctional scaffolds for bone reconstruction. The dual release of both molecules showed a marked increase in the number of blood vessels on embryonic day 14 in chicken embryos grown ex ovo, while, at the same time providing an antibiotic local concentration capable of inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus bacterial growth. In this sense, different release patterns, monitored by UV-spectroscopy, could be tailored as a function of the cephalexin loading strategy, either releasing all the loaded cephalexin in the first 4 h or less than 50% after 24 h. The scaffold surface was characterized by a high hydrophilicity, with contact angles between 50° and 63°, which enabled the adhesion and proliferation of preosteoblastic cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The localized delivery of bioactive molecules has attracted significant attention due to the potential for dose reduction as well as reduced side effects compared to systemic delivery. In this article multifunctional 3D porous scaffolds with a designed porosity have been fabricated. The method also enables the controlled loading of an antibiotic drug and an angiogenic protein into the scaffold. These scaffolds, whose composition resembles the extracellular matrix are suitable for the adhesion of preosteoblast cells, exhibit a sustained cephalexin delivery adequate for inhibiting bacterial growth as well as release the proangiogenic molecule which induces blood vessel formation in chicken embryos grown ex ovo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan L Paris
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Nuria Lafuente-Gómez
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Victoria Cabañas
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús Román
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Peña
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
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22
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW The goal of the review is to provide an updated understanding of the pathophysiology of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and treatment recommendations. RECENT FINDINGS Glucocorticoids reduce osteoblast and osteocyte lifespan and activity and reduce the vascularity of the bone that together may explain the greater reductions in bone strength than those of bone mass. Treatments with parathyroid hormone fragments appear to reverse glucocorticoid-induced bone loss and fracture risk partially through maintaining bone vascularity and bone strength. This review identifies how glucocorticoid anti-osteogenic and vascular effects together may reduce bone strength. It also provides guidance to clinicians on rationale treatment for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy E Lane
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, University of California at Davis Health System, 4625 Second Avenue, Suite 2006, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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23
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Grüneboom A, Hawwari I, Weidner D, Culemann S, Müller S, Henneberg S, Brenzel A, Merz S, Bornemann L, Zec K, Wuelling M, Kling L, Hasenberg M, Voortmann S, Lang S, Baum W, Ohs A, Kraff O, Quick HH, Jäger M, Landgraeber S, Dudda M, Danuser R, Stein JV, Rohde M, Gelse K, Garbe AI, Adamczyk A, Westendorf AM, Hoffmann D, Christiansen S, Engel DR, Vortkamp A, Krönke G, Herrmann M, Kamradt T, Schett G, Hasenberg A, Gunzer M. A network of trans-cortical capillaries as mainstay for blood circulation in long bones. Nat Metab 2019; 1:236-250. [PMID: 31620676 PMCID: PMC6795552 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-018-0016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Closed circulatory systems (CCS) underlie the function of vertebrate organs, but in long bones their structure is unclear, although they constitute the exit route for bone marrow (BM) leukocytes. To understand neutrophil emigration from BM, we studied the vascular system of murine long bones. Here we show that hundreds of capillaries originate in BM, cross murine cortical bone perpendicularly along the shaft and connect to the periosteal circulation. Structures similar to these trans-cortical-vessels (TCVs) also exist in human limb bones. TCVs express arterial or venous markers and transport neutrophils. Furthermore, over 80% arterial and 59% venous blood passes through TCVs. Genetic and drug-mediated modulation of osteoclast count and activity leads to substantial changes in TCV numbers. In a murine model of chronic arthritic bone inflammation, new TCVs develop within weeks. Our data indicate that TCVs are a central component of the CCS in long bones and may represent an important route for immune cell export from the BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Grüneboom
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Hawwari
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniela Weidner
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Culemann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Müller
- Institute of Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sophie Henneberg
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Brenzel
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Simon Merz
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lea Bornemann
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kristina Zec
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuela Wuelling
- Department of Developmental Biology, Centre of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lasse Kling
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Christiansen Research Group, Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Institute for Nanoarchitectures for Energy Conversion, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mike Hasenberg
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Voortmann
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baum
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Ohs
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Kraff
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald H Quick
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- High Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Jäger
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Landgraeber
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Dudda
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Renzo Danuser
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jens V Stein
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kolja Gelse
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg andUniversitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Annette I Garbe
- Osteoimmunology, DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering , Technische Universität Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexandra Adamczyk
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Astrid M Westendorf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Hoffmann
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Silke Christiansen
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Christiansen Research Group, Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Institute for Nanoarchitectures for Energy Conversion, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Robert Engel
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andrea Vortkamp
- Department of Developmental Biology, Centre of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Kamradt
- Institute of Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Hasenberg
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Abstract
During bone development, homeostasis and repair, a dense vascular system provides oxygen and nutrients to highly anabolic skeletal cells. Characteristic for the vascular system in bone is the serial organization of two capillary systems, each typified by specific morphological and physiological features. Especially the arterial capillaries mediate the growth of the bone vascular system, serve as a niche for skeletal and hematopoietic progenitors and couple angiogenesis to osteogenesis. Endothelial cells and osteoprogenitor cells interact not only physically, but also communicate to each other by secretion of growth factors. A vital angiogenic growth factor is vascular endothelial growth factor and its expression in skeletal cells is controlled by osteogenic transcription factors and hypoxia signaling, whereas the secretion of angiocrine factors by endothelial cells is regulated by Notch signaling, blood flow and possibly hypoxia. Bone loss and impaired fracture repair are often associated with reduced and disorganized blood vessel network and therapeutic targeting of the angiogenic response may contribute to enhanced bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Stegen
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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25
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To describe the main pathways involved in the interplay between bone and cardiovascular disease and to highlight the possible impact of physical activity and medical nutrition therapy on the bone-vascular axis. RECENT FINDINGS Diabetes increases the risk of both cardiovascular disease and bone fragility fractures, sharing common pathogenic pathways, including OPG/RANK/RANKL, the FGF23/Klotho axis, calciotropic hormones, and circulating osteogenic cells. This may offer new therapeutic targets for future treatment strategies. As lifestyle intervention is the cornerstone of diabetes treatment, there is potential for an impact on the bone-vascular axis. Evidence published suggests the bone-vascular axis encompasses key pathways for cardiovascular disease. This, along with studies showing physical activity plays a crucial role in the prevention of both bone fragility and cardiovascular disease, suggests that lifestyle intervention incorporating exercise and diet may be helpful in managing skeletal health decline in diabetes. Studies investigating the controversial role of high-fiber diet and dietary vitamin D/calcium on bone and cardiovascular health suggest an overall benefit, but further investigations are needed in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pieralice
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Vigevano
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Del Toro
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Ernesto Maddaloni
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy.
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26
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Akar B, Tatara AM, Sutradhar A, Hsiao HY, Miller M, Cheng MH, Mikos AG, Brey EM. Large Animal Models of an In Vivo Bioreactor for Engineering Vascularized Bone. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2018; 24:317-325. [PMID: 29471732 PMCID: PMC6080121 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reconstruction of large skeletal defects is challenging due to the requirement for large volumes of donor tissue and the often complex surgical procedures. Tissue engineering has the potential to serve as a new source of tissue for bone reconstruction, but current techniques are often limited in regards to the size and complexity of tissue that can be formed. Building tissue using an in vivo bioreactor approach may enable the production of appropriate amounts of specialized tissue, while reducing issues of donor site morbidity and infection. Large animals are required to screen and optimize new strategies for growing clinically appropriate volumes of tissues in vivo. In this article, we review both ovine and porcine models that serve as models of the technique proposed for clinical engineering of bone tissue in vivo. Recent findings are discussed with these systems, as well as description of next steps required for using these models, to develop clinically applicable tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Akar
- Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
- Research Service, Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, Illinois
| | - Alexander M. Tatara
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Alok Sutradhar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Hui-Yi Hsiao
- Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Michael Miller
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ming-Huei Cheng
- Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Eric M. Brey
- Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
- Research Service, Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, Illinois
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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27
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article reviews recent publications on the effect of type 1 diabetes (T1D) on fracture risk, bone mineral density (BMD), bone structure, and bone tissue quality. Possible fracture prevention strategies for patients with T1D have also been reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS T1D is associated with substantially elevated fracture risk and modestly low BMD at the femoral neck. However, BMD alone does not explain higher observed fracture risk in T1D. T1D also affects bone macro- and microstructure, characterized by thinner cortices and trabecular bone changes such as thinner and more widely spaced trabeculae. Structural bone deficit is pronounced in the presence of microvascular complications. Tissue-level changes, such as accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts, detrimental alterations of the mineral phase because of low bone turnover, and occlusion of vascular channels in bone by mineralized tissue, are implicated in pathophysiology of bone fragility in T1D. There are no guidelines on screening and prevention of osteoporotic fractures in T1D. SUMMARY More studies are needed to understand the influence of T1D on structural bone quality and tissue material properties. There is a need for a prospective study to evaluate better screening strategies for diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viral N. Shah
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - R. Dana Carpenter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Virginia L. Ferguson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ann V. Schwartz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Wang DM, Lin L, Peng JH, Gong Y, Hou ZD, Chen SB, Xiao ZY. Pannus inflammation in sacroiliitis following immune pathological injury and radiological structural damage: a study of 193 patients with spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:120. [PMID: 29884210 PMCID: PMC5994024 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of sacroiliitis is unclear; therefore, we aimed to systematically study the immunopathology of sacroiliitis in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), and explore the relationship between pannus formation, inflammation, and the structural damage caused by sacroiliitis. METHODS Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) was performed in 193 patients with axSpA. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were collected at baseline and during the follow up. Immunohistochemistry analysis was performed to detect CD34+ microvessels, CD68+ osteoclasts/macrophages, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and caspase-3. Autopsy subjects were used as controls. RESULTS In early sacroiliitis (grade 0-1) all pathological features could be observed, with the most common being subchondral pannus formation. Among the 193 patients, 98 were followed up for 1-13 years (mean 3.6 years); 63.3% had radiological progression at the endpoint. Multiple regression analysis showed that cartilage pannus invasion (OR 2.99, P = 0.010) and endochondral ossification (OR 3.97, P = 0.049) at baseline were risk factors for radiological structural damage. Compared to SIJ controls, the subchondral microvessel density, number of CD68+ multinuclear osteoclasts, and the levels of VEGF, caspase-3, MMP-3, and TNF-α expressed at the interface of the bone and cartilage were significantly higher in patients with sacroiliitis. CONCLUSIONS Subchondral fibrovascular tissue formation is the most important pathological feature in early sacroiliitis. The existence of cartilage pannus invasion or endochondral ossification at baseline can predict radiological structural damage during the follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan min Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, the first Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 Chang ping Road, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong Province China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Rheumatology, the first Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 Chang ping Road, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong Province China
| | - Jian hua Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, the first Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 Chang ping Road, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong Province China
| | - Yao Gong
- Department of Rheumatology of Shantou University Medical College, No.22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong Province China
| | - Zhi duo Hou
- Department of Rheumatology, the first Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 Chang ping Road, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong Province China
| | - Su biao Chen
- Department of Rheumatology of Shantou University Medical College, No.22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong Province China
| | - Zheng yu Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology, the first Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 Chang ping Road, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong Province China
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to bone fragility and predisposes to increased risk of fracture, poor bone healing and other skeletal complications. In addition, some anti-diabetic therapies for T2DM can have notable detrimental skeletal effects. Thus, an appropriate therapeutic strategy for T2DM should not only be effective in re-establishing good glycaemic control but also in minimising skeletal complications. There is increasing evidence that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), now greatly prescribed for the treatment of T2DM, have beneficial skeletal effects although the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. This review provides an overview of the direct and indirect effects of GLP-1RAs on bone physiology, focusing on bone quality and novel mechanisms of action on the vasculature and hormonal regulation. The overall experimental studies indicate significant positive skeletal effects of GLP-1RAs on bone quality and strength although their mechanisms of actions may differ according to various GLP-1RAs and clinical studies supporting their bone protective effects are still lacking. The possibility that GLP-1RAs could improve blood supply to bone, which is essential for skeletal health, is of major interest and suggests that GLP-1 anti-diabetic therapy could benefit the rising number of elderly T2DM patients with osteoporosis and high fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Mabilleau
- GEROM Groupe Etudes Remodelage Osseux et biomatériauxIRIS-IBS Institut de Biologie en Santé, CHU d'Angers, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Marie Pereira
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research (CCIR)Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Chantal Chenu
- Department of Comparative Biomedical SciencesRoyal Veterinary College, London, UK
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review assembles recent understanding of the profound loss of muscle and bone in spinal cord injury (SCI). It is important to try to understand these changes, and the context in which they occur, because of their impact on the wellbeing of SC-injured individuals, and the urgent need for viable preventative therapies. RECENT FINDINGS Recent research provides new understanding of the effects of age and systemic factors on the response of bone to loading, of relevance to attempts to provide load therapy for bone in SCI. The rapidly growing dataset describing the biochemical crosstalk between bone and muscle, and the cell and molecular biology of myokines signalling to bone and osteokines regulating muscle metabolism and mass, is reviewed. The ways in which this crosstalk may be altered in SCI is summarised. Therapeutic approaches to the catabolic changes in muscle and bone in SCI require a holistic understanding of their unique mechanical and biochemical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian M Clark
- Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
| | - David M Findlay
- Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
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31
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Zhang S, Wotzkow C, Bongoni AK, Shaw-Boden J, Siegrist M, Taddeo A, Blank F, Hofstetter W, Rieben R. Role of the plasma cascade systems in ischemia/reperfusion injury of bone. Bone 2017; 97:278-286. [PMID: 28159709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has been extensively studied in organs such as heart, brain, liver, kidney, and lung. As a vascularized organ, bone is known to be susceptible to I/R injury too, but the respective mechanisms are not well understood to date. We therefore hypothesized that, similar to other organs, plasma cascade-induced inflammation also plays a role in bone I/R injury. Reperfusion injury in rat tibia was induced by unilateral clamping of the femoral artery and additional use of a tourniquet, while keeping the femoral vein patent to prevent venous congestion. Rats were subjected to 4h ischemia and 24h reperfusion. Deposition of complement fragment C3b/c and fibrin as well as expression of tissue factor (TF), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and E-selectin was detected by immunohistochemistry. In plasma, the levels of high mobility group box1 (HMGB1) were measured by ELISA. The total level of complement in serum was assessed by the CH50 test. Our results show that deposition of C3b/c was significantly increased with respect to healthy controls in cortical bone as well as in marrow of reperfused limbs. C3b/c deposition was also increased in cortical bone, but not in bone marrow, of contralateral limbs. Deposition of fibrin, as well as expression of PAI-1, was significantly increased in bone after ischemia and reperfusion, whereas expression of tPA was reduced. These differences were most prominent in vessels of bone, both in marrow and cortical bone, and both in reperfused and contralateral limbs. However, PAI-1, was only increased in vessels of reperfused cortical bone and there were no significant changes in expression of E-selectin. With respect to solid bone tissue, a significant increase of C3b/c and fibrin deposition was shown in osteocytes, and for fibrin also in the bone matrix, in both contralateral and reperfused cortical bone compared with normal healthy controls. A slight expression of TF was visible in osteocytes of the normal healthy control group, while TF was not present in the experimental groups. Moreover, CH50 values in serum decreased over time and HMGB1 was significantly increased in plasma of animals at the end of reperfusion. We conclude that ischemia and reperfusion of bone leads to activation of the complement and coagulation systems and a downregulation of the fibrinolytic cascade. In the acute phase, a vascular inflammation induced by activation of the plasma cascade systems also occurs in the bone. This is similar to I/R injury of other vascularized organs and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengye Zhang
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Wotzkow
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anjan K Bongoni
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jane Shaw-Boden
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mark Siegrist
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Taddeo
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Division of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Blank
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Pulmonary Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Willy Hofstetter
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Rieben
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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32
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Zhu W, Zhao Y, Ma Q, Wang Y, Wu Z, Weng X. 3D-printed porous titanium changed femoral head repair growth patterns: osteogenesis and vascularisation in porous titanium. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2017; 28:62. [PMID: 28251470 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a major cause of morbidity, and total hip arthroplasty is both traumatic and expensive. Here, we created a gelatine scaffold embedded in uniquely shaped, 3D-printed porous titanium parts, which could attract and promote the proliferation of osteoblasts as well as bone regeneration, as the extracellular matrix (ECM) does in vivo. Interestingly, after hybridisation with platelets, the scaffold exhibited a low yet considerable rate of stable, safe and long-term growth factor release. Additionally, a novel ONFH model was constructed and verified. Scaffolds implanted in this model were found to accelerate bone repair. In conclusion, our scaffold successfully simulates the ECM and considerably accelerates bone regeneration, in which platelets play an indispensable role. We believe that platelets should be emphasised as carriers that may be employed to transport drugs, cytokines and other small molecules to target locations in vivo. In addition, this novel scaffold is a useful material for treating ONFH. An overview of the novel scaffold mimicking the extracellular environment in bone repair. a and b: A gelatine scaffold was cross-linked and freeze-dried within 3D-printed porous titanium. c: Platelets were coated onto the gelatine microscaffold after freeze-drying platelet-rich plasma. d: The microscaffold supported the migration of cells into the titanium pores and their subsequent growth, while the platelets slowly released cell factors, exerting bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qi Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Bone and Joint Disease, Central Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, P.R. China.
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The objective of this literature review is to determine whether there are indications that microvascular complications occur in diabetic bone. Evidence definitively linking diabetic skeletal fragility with microvascular complications in bone remains elusive. RECENT FINDINGS Circumstantial evidence, some recent and some lost to time, suggests that atherosclerotic vascular diseases such as peripheral arterial disease cause poor blood perfusion of bone and subsequent hypoxia and contribute to low bone density and high cortical porosity, patterns similar to some recently observed in diabetic subjects. Evidence also exists to suggest that potentially anti-angiogenic conditions, such as impaired vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, predominate in diabetic bone. Microvascular complications may contribute, in part, to diabetic skeletal fragility but data supporting this interpretation are primarily circumstantial at this time. This review highlights gaps in our knowledge and hopefully spurs further discussions and research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Jose Fajardo
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Med 518C, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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34
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Liu SY, Deng SY, He YB, Ni GX. miR-451 inhibits cell growth, migration and angiogenesis in human osteosarcoma via down-regulating IL 6R. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:987-993. [PMID: 27908732 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) has become one of the most common primary malignant tumors in the children and adolescents with a poor prognosis owing to its high malignant and metastatic potential. Although increasing evidence indicates that miR-451 could inhibit the growth and metastasis of OS, its effect on angiogenesis in OS is still very poor. What is more, the mechanism by which miR-451 affects the OS has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, miR-451 was reduced in human osteosarcoma tissues compared with the adjacent bone tissues, and the introduction of miR-451 dramatically inhibited the growth, migration and angiogenesis in OS. Additionally, it was suggested that IL 6R is a direct target gene of miR-451. Silencing of IL 6R suppressed the growth, migration and angiogenesis of OS, which was consistent with the effect of overexpression of miR-451. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that miR-451 may function as a potential suppressor of tumor growth, migration and angiogenesis in OS via down-regulating IL 6R, suggesting a promising therapeutic avenue for managing OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yao Liu
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue (N), Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Song-Yun Deng
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue (N), Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yong-Bin He
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue (N), Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Guo-Xin Ni
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue (N), Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350005, China.
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35
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Rustom LE, Boudou T, Lou S, Pignot-Paintrand I, Nemke BW, Lu Y, Markel MD, Picart C, Wagoner Johnson AJ. Micropore-induced capillarity enhances bone distribution in vivo in biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds. Acta Biomater 2016; 44:144-54. [PMID: 27544807 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The increasing demand for bone repair solutions calls for the development of efficacious bone scaffolds. Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds with both macropores and micropores (MP) have improved healing compared to those with macropores and no micropores (NMP), but the role of micropores is unclear. Here, we evaluate capillarity induced by micropores as a mechanism that can affect bone growth in vivo. Three groups of cylindrical scaffolds were implanted in pig mandibles for three weeks: MP were implanted either dry (MP-Dry), or after submersion in phosphate buffered saline, which fills pores with fluid and therefore suppresses micropore-induced capillarity (MP-Wet); NMP were implanted dry. The amount and distribution of bone in the scaffolds were quantified using micro-computed tomography. MP-Dry had a more homogeneous bone distribution than MP-Wet, although the average bone volume fraction, BVF‾, was not significantly different for these two groups (0.45±0.03 and 0.37±0.03, respectively). There was no significant difference in the radial bone distribution of NMP and MP-Wet, but the BVF‾, of NMP was significantly lower among the three groups (0.25±0.02). These results suggest that micropore-induced capillarity enhances bone regeneration by improving the homogeneity of bone distribution in BCP scaffolds. The explicit design and use of capillarity in bone scaffolds may lead to more effective treatments of large and complex bone defects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The increasing demand for bone repair calls for more efficacious bone scaffolds and calcium phosphate-based materials are considered suitable for this application. Macropores (>100μm) are necessary for bone ingrowth and vascularization. However, studies have shown that microporosity (<20μm) also enhances growth, but there is no consensus on the controlling mechanisms. In previous in vitro work, we suggested that micropore-induced capillarity had the potential to enhance bone growth in vivo. This work illustrates the positive effects of capillarity on bone regeneration in vivo; it demonstrates that micropore-induced capillarity significantly enhances the bone distribution in the scaffold. The results will impact the design of scaffolds to better exploit capillarity and improve treatments for large and load-bearing bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence E Rustom
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1270 Digital Computer Laboratory, MC-278, 1304 West Springfield Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; University Grenoble Alpes, LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Thomas Boudou
- University Grenoble Alpes, LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS UMR 5628 (LMGP), 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France.
| | - Siyu Lou
- University Grenoble Alpes, LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS UMR 5628 (LMGP), 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240 Shanghai, China.
| | - Isabelle Pignot-Paintrand
- University Grenoble Alpes, LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS UMR 5628 (LMGP), 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France.
| | - Brett W Nemke
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Mark D Markel
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Catherine Picart
- University Grenoble Alpes, LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS UMR 5628 (LMGP), 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France.
| | - Amy J Wagoner Johnson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1270 Digital Computer Laboratory, MC-278, 1304 West Springfield Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; University Grenoble Alpes, LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France; Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Stiers PJ, van Gastel N, Carmeliet G. Targeting the hypoxic response in bone tissue engineering: A balance between supply and consumption to improve bone regeneration. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 432:96-105. [PMID: 26768117 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is a promising therapeutic alternative for bone grafting of large skeletal defects. It generally comprises an ex vivo engineered combination of a carrier structure, stem/progenitor cells and growth factors. However, the success of these regenerative implants largely depends on how well implanted cells will adapt to the hostile and hypoxic host environment they encounter after implantation. In this review, we will discuss how hypoxia signalling may be used to improve bone regeneration in a tissue-engineered construct. First, hypoxia signalling induces angiogenesis which increases the survival of the implanted cells as well as stimulates bone formation. Second, hypoxia signalling has also angiogenesis-independent effects on mesenchymal cells in vitro, offering exciting new possibilities to improve tissue-engineered bone regeneration in vivo. In addition, studies in other fields have shown that benefits of modulating hypoxia signalling include enhanced cell survival, proliferation and differentiation, culminating in a more potent regenerative implant. Finally, the stimulation of endochondral bone formation as a physiological pathway to circumvent the harmful effects of hypoxia will be briefly touched upon. Thus, angiogenic dependent and independent processes may counteract the deleterious hypoxic effects and we will discuss several therapeutic strategies that may be combined to withstand the hypoxia upon implantation and improve bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter-Jan Stiers
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nick van Gastel
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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37
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Cui H, Zhu W, Nowicki M, Zhou X, Khademhosseini A, Zhang LG. Hierarchical Fabrication of Engineered Vascularized Bone Biphasic Constructs via Dual 3D Bioprinting: Integrating Regional Bioactive Factors into Architectural Design. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2174-81. [PMID: 27383032 PMCID: PMC5014673 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A biphasic artificial vascularized bone construct with regional bioactive factors is presented using dual 3D bioprinting platform technique, thereby forming a large functional bone grafts with organized vascular networks. Biocompatible mussel-inspired chemistry and "thiol-ene" click reaction are used to regionally immobilize bioactive factors during construct fabrication for modulating or improving cellular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Cui
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, 3590 Science and Engineering Hall 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, 3590 Science and Engineering Hall 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Margaret Nowicki
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, 3590 Science and Engineering Hall 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, 3590 Science and Engineering Hall 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, 3590 Science and Engineering Hall 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington DC, 20052, USA.
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington DC, 20052, USA.
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38
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Abstract
Bone metastatic disease remains a significant and frequent problem for cancer patients that can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, despite decades of research, bone metastases remain incurable. Current studies have demonstrated that many properties and cell types within the bone and bone marrow microenvironment contribute to tumor-induced bone disease. Furthermore, they have pointed to the importance of understanding how tumor cells interact with their microenvironment in order to help improve both the development of new therapeutics and the prediction of response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Buenrostro
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
- Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2215B Garland Avenue, 1235 MRBIV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Patrick L. Mulcrone
- Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2215B Garland Avenue, 1235 MRBIV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Philip Owens
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Julie A. Sterling
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
- Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2215B Garland Avenue, 1235 MRBIV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 2215B Garland Avenue, 1235 MRBIV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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39
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Hasegawa T, Tsuchiya E, Abe M, Amizuka N. [Cellular interplay of bone cells and vascular endothelial cells in bone]. Clin Calcium 2016; 26:677-682. [PMID: 27117612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
During endochondral bone development, the longitudinal vascular invasion into cartilage primordium initially takes place, by which mineralized cartilage matrix would be exposed into bone. Thereafter, osteogenic cells differentiate into mature osteoblasts to deposit new bone onto the exposed mineralized cartilage. New bone formation at the chondro-osseous junction appears to be achieved by the process of modeling, but not by bone remodeling based on cellular coupling between osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Recently, a specific vessel subtype in bone was reported:Vascular endothelial cells close to the chondro-oseous junction showed intense CD31/Endomucin(CD31(hi)Emcn(hi), type H), while the endothelial cells of sinusoidal vessels in diaphysis revealed only weak CD31/Endomucin(CD31(lo)Emcnlo, type L). It is suggested crucial roles of endothelial HIF in controlling bone angiogenesis, type H vessel abundance, endothelial growth factor expression and osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Hasegawa
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue,Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Erika Tsuchiya
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue,Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Miki Abe
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue,Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue,Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
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Delgado J, Bedoya MA, Green AM, Jaramillo D, Ho-Fung V. Utility of unenhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted MRI in children with sickle cell disease -- can it differentiate bone infarcts from acute osteomyelitis? Pediatr Radiol 2015. [PMID: 26209118 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-015-3423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at risk of bone infarcts and acute osteomyelitis. The clinical differentiation between a bone infarct and acute osteomyelitis is a diagnostic challenge. Unenhanced T1-W fat-saturated MR images have been proposed as a potential tool to differentiate bone infarcts from osteomyelitis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reliability of unenhanced T1-W fat-saturated MRI for differentiation between bone infarcts and acute osteomyelitis in children with SCD. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of 31 children (20 boys, 11 girls; mean age 10.6 years, range 1.1-17.9 years) with SCD and acute bone pain who underwent MR imaging including unenhanced T1-W fat-saturated images from 2005 to 2010. Complete clinical charts were reviewed by a pediatric hematologist with training in infectious diseases to determine a clinical standard to define the presence or absence of osteomyelitis. A pediatric radiologist reviewed all MR imaging and was blinded to clinical information. Based on the signal intensity in T1-W fat-saturated images, the children were further classified as positive for osteomyelitis (low bone marrow signal intensity) or positive for bone infarct (high bone marrow signal intensity). RESULTS Based on the clinical standard, 5 children were classified as positive for osteomyelitis and 26 children as positive for bone infarct (negative for osteomyelitis). The bone marrow signal intensity on T1-W fat-saturated imaging was not significant for the differentiation between bone infarct and osteomyelitis (P = 0.56). None of the additional evaluated imaging parameters on unenhanced MRI proved reliable in differentiating these diagnoses. CONCLUSION The bone marrow signal intensity on unenhanced T1-W fat-saturated MR images is not a reliable criterion to differentiate bone infarcts from osteomyelitis in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Delgado
- Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street & Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Maria A Bedoya
- Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street & Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Abby M Green
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Diego Jaramillo
- Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street & Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Victor Ho-Fung
- Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street & Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Li BL, Liu L, Zhao WB, Luan FJ, Li Q. [Bottleneck and development trend of bone xenograft for the treatment of bone defect]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2015; 28:1166-1170. [PMID: 26911131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone xenograft bone for the treatment of bone defect is one of the current research focus, which has advantages of extensive sources, low cost, simple preparation method. While the process of single bone xenograft bone in repairing bone defect is very long, and the clinical outcome is not satisfactory. The main problems focus on formation of bone and vascularization. Reconstituted bone xenograft combined with cells and xenogenic bone material could promote vascularization and bone fusion in vivo, thus achieve a clinical effect of autogenous bone in repairing bone defect.
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Iryanov YM, Kiryanov NA. [Reparative Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis in Low Intensity Electromagnetic Radiation of Ultra-High Frequency]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015:334-40. [PMID: 26495722 DOI: 10.15690/vramn.v70i3.1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-drug correction of reparative bone tissue regeneration in different pathological states - one of the most actual problems of modern medicine. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to conduct morphological analysis of the influence of electromagnetic radiation of ultra-high frequency and low intensity on reparative osteogenesis and angiogenesis in fracture treatment under transosseous osteosynthesis. METHODS A controlled nonrandomized study was carried out. In the experiment conducted on rats we modeled tibial fracture with reposition and fixation of the bone fragments both in control and experimental groups. In the animals of the experimental group the fracture zone was exposed to low intensity electromagnetic radiation of ultra-high frequency. Exposure simulation was performed in the control group. The operated bones were examined using radiography, light and electronic microscopy, X-ray electronic probe microanalysis. RESULTS It has been established that electromagnetic radiation of ultra-high frequency sessions in fracture treatment stimulate secretory activity and degranulation of mast cells, produce microcirculatory bed vascular permeability increase, endotheliocyte migration phenotype expression, provide endovascular endothelial outgrowth formation, activate reparative osteogenesis and angiogenesis while fracture reparation becomes the one of the primary type. The full periosteal, intermediary and intraosteal bone union was defined in 28 days. CONCLUSION Among the therapeutic benefits of electromagnetic radiation of ultra-high frequency in fracture treatment we can detect mast cell secretorv activity stimulation and endovascular anziozenesis activation.
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Jusoh N, Oh S, Kim S, Kim J, Jeon NL. Microfluidic vascularized bone tissue model with hydroxyapatite-incorporated extracellular matrix. Lab Chip 2015; 15:3984-8. [PMID: 26288174 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00698h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Current in vitro systems mimicking bone tissues fail to fully integrate the three-dimensional (3D) microvasculature and bone tissue microenvironments, decreasing their similarity to in vivo conditions. Here, we propose 3D microvascular networks in a hydroxyapatite (HA)-incorporated extracellular matrix (ECM) for designing and manipulating a vascularized bone tissue model in a microfluidic device. Incorporation of HA of various concentrations resulted in ECM with varying mechanical properties. Sprouting angiogenesis was affected by mechanically modulated HA-extracellular matrix interactions, generating a model of vascularized bone microenvironment. Using this platform, we observed that hydroxyapatite enhanced angiogenic properties such as sprout length, sprouting speed, sprout number, and lumen diameter. This new platform integrates fibrin ECM with the synthetic bone mineral HA to provide in vivo-like microenvironments for bone vessel sprouting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhana Jusoh
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-744, South Korea.
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Pang Y, Tsigkou O, Spencer JA, Lin CP, Neville C, Grottkau B. Analyzing Structure and Function of Vascularization in Engineered Bone Tissue by Video-Rate Intravital Microscopy and 3D Image Processing. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2015; 21:1025-31. [PMID: 25962617 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2015.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascularization is a key challenge in tissue engineering. Three-dimensional structure and microcirculation are two fundamental parameters for evaluating vascularization. Microscopic techniques with cellular level resolution, fast continuous observation, and robust 3D postimage processing are essential for evaluation, but have not been applied previously because of technical difficulties. In this study, we report novel video-rate confocal microscopy and 3D postimage processing techniques to accomplish this goal. In an immune-deficient mouse model, vascularized bone tissue was successfully engineered using human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffold. Video-rate (30 FPS) intravital confocal microscopy was applied in vitro and in vivo to visualize the vascular structure in the engineered bone and the microcirculation of the blood cells. Postimage processing was applied to perform 3D image reconstruction, by analyzing microvascular networks and calculating blood cell viscosity. The 3D volume reconstructed images show that the hMSCs served as pericytes stabilizing the microvascular network formed by HUVECs. Using orthogonal imaging reconstruction and transparency adjustment, both the vessel structure and blood cells within the vessel lumen were visualized. Network length, network intersections, and intersection densities were successfully computed using our custom-developed software. Viscosity analysis of the blood cells provided functional evaluation of the microcirculation. These results show that by 8 weeks, the blood vessels in peripheral areas function quite similarly to the host vessels. However, the viscosity drops about fourfold where it is only 0.8 mm away from the host. In summary, we developed novel techniques combining intravital microscopy and 3D image processing to analyze the vascularization in engineered bone. These techniques have broad applicability for evaluating vascularization in other engineered tissues as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Pang
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital , Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Olga Tsigkou
- 2 School of Materials, University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Joel A Spencer
- 3 Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital , Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles P Lin
- 3 Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital , Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Craig Neville
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital , Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian Grottkau
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital , Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Michel G, Blery P, Pilet P, Guicheux J, Weiss P, Malard O, Espitalier F. Micro-CT Analysis of Radiation-Induced Osteopenia and Bone Hypovascularization in Rat. Calcif Tissue Int 2015; 97:62-8. [PMID: 25953705 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-015-0010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract often requires external radiation therapy. However, radiation affects all the components of bone, with different degrees of sensitivity, and may produce severe side effects such as mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN). Intraosseous vascularization is thought to be decreased after irradiation, but its impact on total bone volume is still controversial. The aim of this study was to compare intraosseous vascularization, cortical bone thickness, and total bone volume in a rat model of ORN versus nonirradiated rats, using a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis after intracardiac injection of a contrast agent. The study was performed on 8-week-old Lewis 1A rats (n = 14). Eleven rats underwent external irradiation on the hind limbs by a single 80-Gy dose. Three rats did not receive irradiation and served as controls for statistical analysis. Eight weeks after the external irradiation, all the animals received a barium sulfate intracardiac injection under general anesthesia. All samples were analyzed with the micro-computed tomography system at a resolution of 5.5 μm. The images were later processed to create 3D reconstructions and study vascularization, bone volume, and cortical thickness. Data from irradiated and nonirradiated rats were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. No animal died after irradiation. Nineteen irradiated tibias and six nonirradiated tibias were included for micro-CT analysis. The vessel percentage was significantly lower in irradiated bones (p = 0.0001). The distance between the vessels, a marker of vascular destruction, was higher after irradiation (p = 0.001). The vessels were also more altered distally after irradiation (p = 0.028). Cortical thickness was severely decreased after irradiation, sometimes even reduced to zero. Both trabecular and cortical structures were destroyed after irradiation, with wide bone gaps. Finally, both total bone volume (p = 0.0001) and cortical thickness (p = 0.0001) were significantly decreased in irradiated tibias compared to nonirradiated tibias. These results led to multiple spontaneous fractures in the irradiated group, and the destruction of intraosseous vessels observed macroscopically with the radiographic preview. This study revealed the impact of radiation on intraosseous vasculature and cortical bone with a micro-CT analysis in a rat ORN model. Hypovascularization and osteopenia are consistent with the literature, contributing a morphological scale with high resolution. Visualization of the vasculature by micro-CT is an innovative technique to see the changes after radiation, and should help adjust bone tissue engineering in irradiated bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Michel
- Service d'O.R.L. et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 1, Place A. Ricordeau, BP 1005, 44093, Nantes Cedex 01, France,
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Abstract
Bone health and cardiovascular function are compromised in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study was to determine whether skeletal vascular control mechanisms are altered during the progression of T2DM in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Responses of the principal nutrient artery (PNA) of the femur from obese ZDF rats with prediabetes, short-term diabetes, and long-term diabetes to endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) and -independent (sodium nitroprusside) vasodilation and potassium chloride, norepinephrine (NE), and a myogenic vasoconstrictor were determined in vitro. Few changes in the PNA vasomotor responses occurred for the prediabetic and short-term diabetic conditions. Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation were reduced, and NE and myogenic vasoconstriction were increased in obese ZDF rats with long-term diabetes relative to lean age-matched controls. Differences in endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the femoral PNA between ZDF rats and controls were abolished by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. The passive pressure-diameter response of the femoral PNA was also lower across a range of intraluminal pressures with long-term T2DM. Regional bone and marrow perfusion and vascular conductance, measured in vivo using radiolabeled microspheres, were lower in obese ZDF rats with long-term diabetes. These findings indicate that the profound impairment of the bone circulation may contribute to the osteopenia found to occur in long bones during chronic T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Stabley
- Department of Applied Physiology and KinesiologyUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, USADepartment of KinesiologyKansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USADepartment of NutritionFood and Exercise Science, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, 242 Sandels Building, 120 Convocation Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Rhonda D Prisby
- Department of Applied Physiology and KinesiologyUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, USADepartment of KinesiologyKansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USADepartment of NutritionFood and Exercise Science, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, 242 Sandels Building, 120 Convocation Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Bradley J Behnke
- Department of Applied Physiology and KinesiologyUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, USADepartment of KinesiologyKansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USADepartment of NutritionFood and Exercise Science, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, 242 Sandels Building, 120 Convocation Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA Department of Applied Physiology and KinesiologyUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, USADepartment of KinesiologyKansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USADepartment of NutritionFood and Exercise Science, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, 242 Sandels Building, 120 Convocation Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Michael D Delp
- Department of Applied Physiology and KinesiologyUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, USADepartment of KinesiologyKansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USADepartment of NutritionFood and Exercise Science, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, 242 Sandels Building, 120 Convocation Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA Department of Applied Physiology and KinesiologyUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, USADepartment of KinesiologyKansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USADepartment of NutritionFood and Exercise Science, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, 242 Sandels Building, 120 Convocation Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
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Chen K, Zhang C, Wang L, Mao YY, Lu JX, Chen L. [Progress on strategies to promote vascularization in bone tissue engineering]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2015; 28:383-388. [PMID: 26072627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous development of bone tissue engineering, a variety of emerging bone graft materials provided various methods for repairing bone defects. Early and rapid accomplishment of revascularization of materials interior after implantation of bone transplantation materials is a difficulty faced to bone tissue engineering. Blood vessels ingrowth provides the requisite netritional support for the regeneration reconstruction of bone tissue, for this reason, vascularization plays a significant role in bone tissue engineering. However,there is not a golden standard strategy of vascularization at present. Scaffold materials, cells and growth factors still are three indispensable elements in tissue engineering, and are cardinal points of the promoting vascularization strategies. Multiple growth factors or multiple cells combined with scaffolds, which are hot spots, have obtained excellent vascularization. This review focused on the comprehensive strategies for promoting the successful vascularization of tissue engineered scaffolds.
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Freeman FE, Haugh MG, McNamara LM. An in vitro bone tissue regeneration strategy combining chondrogenic and vascular priming enhances the mineralization potential of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro while also allowing for vessel formation. Tissue Eng Part A 2015. [PMID: 25588588 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondrogenic priming (CP) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and coculture of MSCs with human umbilical vein endothelial stem cells (HUVECs) both have been shown to significantly increase the potential for MSCs to undergo osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in vitro and in vivo. Such strategies mimic cartilage template formation or vascularization that occur during endochondral ossification during early fetal development. However, although both chondrogenesis and vascularization are crucial precursors for bone formation by endochondral ossification, no in vitro bone tissue regeneration strategy has sought to incorporate both events simultaneously. The objective of this study is to develop an in vitro bone regeneration strategy that mimics critical aspects of the endochondral ossification process, specifically (1) the formation of a cartilage template and (2) subsequent vascularization of this template. We initially prime the MSCs with chondrogenic growth factors, to ensure the production of a cartilage template, and subsequently implement a coculture strategy involving MSC and HUVECs. Three experimental groups were compared; (1) CP for 21 days with no addition of cells; (2) CP for 21 days followed by coculture of HUVECs (250,000 cells); (3) CP for 21 days followed by coculture of HUVECs and MSCs (250,000 cells) at a ratio of 1:1. Each group was cultured for a further 21 days in osteogenic media after the initial CP period. Biochemical (DNA, Alkaline Phosphatase Activity, Calcium, and Vessel Endothelial Growth Factor) and histological analyses (Alcian blue, alizarin red, CD31(+), and collagen type X) were performed 1, 2, and 3 weeks after the media switch. The results of this study show that CP provides a cartilage-like template that provides a suitable platform for HUVEC and MSC cells to attach, proliferate, and infiltrate for up to 3 weeks. More importantly we show that the use of the coculture methodology, rudimentary vessels are formed within this cartilage template and enhanced the mineralization potential of MSCs. Taken together these results indicate for the first time that the application of both chondrogenic and vascular priming of MSCs enhances the mineralization potential of MSCs in vitro while also allowing the formation of immature vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona E Freeman
- 1 Centre for Biomechanics Research (BMEC), Biomedical Engineering , NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Abstract
There are two main types of fluid in bone tissue, blood and interstitial fluid. The chemical composition of these fluids varies with time and location in bone. Blood arrives through the arterial system containing oxygen and other nutrients and the blood components depart via the venous system containing less oxygen and reduced nutrition. Within the bone, as within other tissues, substances pass from the blood through the arterial walls into the interstitial fluid. The movement of the interstitial fluid carries these substances to the cells within the bone and, at the same time, carries off the waste materials from the cells. Bone tissue would not live without these fluid movements. The development of a model for poroelastic materials with hierarchical pore space architecture for the description of blood flow and interstitial fluid flow in living bone tissue is reviewed. The model is applied to the problem of determining the exchange of pore fluid between the vascular porosity and the lacunar-canalicular porosity in bone tissue due to cyclic mechanical loading and blood pressure. These results are basic to the understanding of interstitial flow in bone tissue that, in turn, is basic to understanding of nutrient transport from the vasculature to the bone cells buried in the bone tissue and to the process of mechanotransduction by these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Cowin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
| | - Luis Cardoso
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, Grove School of Engineering of The City College, The Graduate School of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
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Duan X, Li W, Xiang Z. [RESEARCH PROGRESS OF ANGIOGENESIS IN VASCULARIZED TISSUE ENGINEERED BONE]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2015; 29:239-244. [PMID: 26455157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the research progress of the role of seed cells and related cytokines in angiogenesis of the vascularized tissue engineered bone. METHODS The latest literature of tissue engineered bone angiogenesis was reviewed, including the common source of seed cells, biological characteristics, transformation mechanism, related cytokines, and signaling pathways in re-vascularization. RESULTS Microsurgery technique, genetic technique, and co-culture system of vascularized tissue engineered bone have developed to a new level. Moreover, both the induction of introduced pluripotent stem cells and vascular endothelial growth factor-angiopoietins 1 transfected mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells have some advantages for bone regeneration and vascularization. However, all the techniques were not used in clinical practice. CONCLUSION Using techniques of genetically modified seed cells, related cytokines, and scaffolds may have bright prospects for building vascularized tissue engineered bone.
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