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Yotsumoto D, Osako T, Matsuura M, Takayama S, Kaneko K, Takahashi M, Shimazu K, Yoshidome K, Kuraoka K, Itakura M, Tani M, Ishikawa T, Ohi Y, Kinoshita T, Sato N, Tsujimoto M, Tsuda H, Nakamura S, Noguchi S, Akiyama F. 180P Development of prognosis prediction model using cytokeratin 19 mRNA copy number of sentinel lymph node metastasis in breast cancer: A multicenter study in Japan. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Yoshida E, Tashima H, Akamatsu G, Iwao Y, Takahashi M, Yamashita T, Yamaya T. 245 ps-TOF brain-dedicated PET prototype with a hemispherical detector arrangement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 65:145008. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab8c91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Acciari VA, Ansoldi S, Antonelli LA, Arbet Engels A, Baack D, Babić A, Banerjee B, Barres de Almeida U, Barrio JA, Becerra González J, Bednarek W, Bellizzi L, Bernardini E, Berti A, Besenrieder J, Bhattacharyya W, Bigongiari C, Biland A, Blanch O, Bonnoli G, Bošnjak Ž, Busetto G, Carosi R, Ceribella G, Cerruti M, Chai Y, Chilingarian A, Cikota S, Colak SM, Colin U, Colombo E, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Covino S, D'Amico G, D'Elia V, Da Vela P, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Lotto B, Delfino M, Delgado J, Depaoli D, Di Pierro F, Di Venere L, Do Souto Espiñeira E, Dominis Prester D, Donini A, Dorner D, Doro M, Elsaesser D, Fallah Ramazani V, Fattorini A, Ferrara G, Foffano L, Fonseca MV, Font L, Fruck C, Fukami S, García López RJ, Garczarczyk M, Gasparyan S, Gaug M, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Gliwny P, Godinović N, Green D, Hadasch D, Hahn A, Herrera J, Hoang J, Hrupec D, Hütten M, Inada T, Inoue S, Ishio K, Iwamura Y, Jouvin L, Kajiwara Y, Karjalainen M, Kerszberg D, Kobayashi Y, Kubo H, Kushida J, Lamastra A, Lelas D, Leone F, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, López M, López-Coto R, López-Oramas A, Loporchio S, Machado de Oliveira Fraga B, Maggio C, Majumdar P, Makariev M, Mallamaci M, Maneva G, Manganaro M, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, Martínez M, Mazin D, Mender S, Mićanović S, Miceli D, Miener T, Minev M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Molina E, Moralejo A, Morcuende D, Moreno V, Moretti E, Munar-Adrover P, Neustroev V, Nigro C, Nilsson K, Ninci D, Nishijima K, Noda K, Nogués L, Nozaki S, Ohtani Y, Oka T, Otero-Santos J, Palatiello M, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Pavletić L, Peñil P, Perennes C, Peresano M, Persic M, Prada Moroni PG, Prandini E, Puljak I, Rhode W, Ribó M, Rico J, Righi C, Rugliancich A, Saha L, Sahakyan N, Saito T, Sakurai S, Satalecka K, Schleicher B, Schmidt K, Schweizer T, Sitarek J, Šnidarić I, Sobczynska D, Spolon A, Stamerra A, Strom D, Strzys M, Suda Y, Surić T, Takahashi M, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Terzić T, Teshima M, Torres-Albà N, Tosti L, van Scherpenberg J, Vanzo G, Vazquez Acosta M, Ventura S, Verguilov V, Vigorito CF, Vitale V, Vovk I, Will M, Zarić D, Nava L. Bounds on Lorentz Invariance Violation from MAGIC Observation of GRB 190114C. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:021301. [PMID: 32701326 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.021301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
On January 14, 2019, the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescopes detected GRB 190114C above 0.2 TeV, recording the most energetic photons ever observed from a gamma-ray burst. We use this unique observation to probe an energy dependence of the speed of light in vacuo for photons as predicted by several quantum gravity models. Based on a set of assumptions on the possible intrinsic spectral and temporal evolution, we obtain competitive lower limits on the quadratic leading order of speed of light modification.
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Sunakawa Y, Sakamoto Y, Inoue E, Kawabata R, Ishiguro A, Akamaru Y, Kito Y, Takahashi M, Matsuyama J, Yabusaki H, Makiyama A, Suzuki T, Tsuda M, Yasui H, Hirabayashi N, Takeno A, Kawakami H, Matoba R, Muro K, Nakajima T, Ichikawa W, Fujii M. LBA-4 Updated analysis of DELIVER trial (JACCRO GC-08): A large observational/translational study of nivolumab treatment in advanced gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Kumagai S, Takahashi S, Takahashi M, Saito T, Yoshida K, Katayama M, Mukohara S, Amano N, Onishi A, Shinohara M, Hatachi S. FRI0129 DEVELOPMENT OF A PREDICTION MODEL FOR MAXIMUM METHOTREXATE (MTX) DOSE WITHOUT HEPATOTOXICITY USING AN INDEX OF ERYTHROCYTE MTX-POLYGLUTAMATE (MTXPG) LEVELS SPECULATED BY CLINICAL AND GENETIC MARKERS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:MTX is transported into cells and retained long after polyglutamation. MTXPG level can predict response and possibly adverse effects of MTX. We reported erythrocyte MTXPG concentrations efficiently discriminated patients with and without hepatotoxicity1. We also developed genetic and clinical prediction models for efficacy and hepatotoxicity of MTX2. In the present study, we firstly investigated the effects of clinical and secondly genetic variables on the concentration of total MTXPG and determined oral maximum MTX dose without hepatotoxicity using these variables.Objectives:To develop a prediction model for maximum MTX dose without hepatotoxicity.Methods:Concentrations of erythrocyte MTX-PG (PG1 to PG4) were detected by LC-MS/MS and calculated total MTXPG as sum of them. MTX-PGn levels were measured in 265 RA patients including 40 patients with elevated AST or ALT (≥ 60 U/L; 1.5 times of upper limits) and the 6 SNPs of 6 gens related to MTXPG metabolism were identified by RT-PCR.Results:Total concentrations of MTXPG were 141.3 ± 86.5 and 87.6 ± 47.8 nmol/L (mean±SD) in 40 RA patients with hepatotoxicity and 225 patients without, respectively (p<0.0001). By ROC analysis, the two groups were most efficiently discriminated with cutoff concentration of 100.0 nmol/L (AUC 0.731). Next, genetic and clinical model to speculate the MTXPG concentration was established by multivariate analysis using 4 clinical and 3 genetic variables which were selected from 20 clinical and 6 genetic variables by univariate analysis (p<0.1). Finally, a speculation model for MTXPG concentration by 4 clinical variables (MTX dose, BMI, RBC count, and creatinine) and one genetic variable (GGH c.452C>T) was developed (Figure). When MTXPG concentration of 100 nmol/L was applied to the model, maximum MTX dose without hepatotoxicity was calculated for each patient asMTX dose (mg) = {100 (MTXPG) – 96 + 1.7*BMI + 28*RBC - 120*creatinine - 19.3*GGH(C/T)} / 7.7. Real dose of oral MTX exceeded the calculated dose in 23 of 40 patients (57.5%) with hepatotoxicity, whereas it exceeded in 95 of 223 patients (42.6%) without hepatotoxicity (OR 1.82, p=0.081).Conclusion:Maximum MTX dose without hepatotoxicity was speculated by several clinical and genetic markers without measurement of erythrocyte MTX-PG concentrations.References:[1]Takahashi M, et al: Clinical Pathology (Rinsho Byori), 67:433-442, 2019.[2]Onishi A, et al: The Pharmacogenomics J, doi.org/10.1038/s41397-019-0134-9, 2019Disclosure of Interests:Shunichi Kumagai Grant/research support from: Astellas, Chugai, Mitsubishi Tanabe Co.Ltds, Consultant of: Sysmex Co.Ltd, Speakers bureau: many companies, Soshi Takahashi: None declared, Miho Takahashi: None declared, Toshiharu Saito: None declared, Katsuyuki Yoshida: None declared, Motoko Katayama: None declared, Saki Mukohara: None declared, Norihiko Amano: None declared, Akira Onishi Speakers bureau: AO received a speaker fee from Chugai, Ono Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Asahi-Kasei, and Takeda, Masakazu Shinohara: None declared, Saori Hatachi: None declared
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Takahashi S, Horibata S, Hatachi S, Takahashi M, Katayama M, Mukohara S, Amano N, Yoshida K, Yorifuji K, Kumagai S. SAT0154 EXAMINATION OF CYP3A5 GENOTYPE IS USEFUL FOR INTRODUCTION OF TACROLIMUS TREATMENT IN OUTPATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASES. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Though several studies showed the efficacy of tacrolimus (TAC) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a dose-depending manner [1], the relationship between efficacy and concentration of TAC remained unclear. Genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5 were reported not only to play an important role in pharmacokinetics of TAC but also to have an influence on clinical outcomes in patients of rheumatic diseases. Several reports showed that the blood concentration of TAC in patients with a CYP3A5 *1 allele (EX, expressor) was lower than that of patients with a CYP3A5 *3/*3 (NEX, non-expressor) [2].Objectives:To assess the relationship between efficacy and concentration of TAC in patients with RA, and to examine the usefulness of CYP3A5 genotype screening to detect outpatients suitable for TAC treatment.Methods:We examined the relationship between disease activity score (DAS) 28-CRP and concentration of TAC in patients with RA. TAC was taken after the evening meal and blood samples were taken 12±4h after TAC administration. Next we investigated the relationship between genotype frequencies of CYP3A5 and concentration of TAC in patients with rheumatic disease without having renal dysfunction (eGFR<60) and also investigated the influence of concomitant drugs, such as strong inhibitors of CYP3A4/5 or metabolized by CYP3A4/5, to C/D value in each NEX and EX group. The blood concentration of TAC normalized to the corresponding dose per body weight (C/D, ng/ml per mg/kg) was analyzed according to genetic variation in CYP3A5. Furthermore we investigated the relationship between genotype frequencies of CYP3A5 and concentration of TAC in patients with rheumatic disease at first visit and second visit after starting TAC administration to assess the possibility for making rapid attainment of enough concentrations of TAC in early stage of treatment.Results:The concentration of TAC tended to be negatively correlated with the disease activity of RA. The C/D value in the NEX group (n=16) was 124.7±62.1, which was significantly higher than that in the EX group (n=23; 67.7±29.8;P<0.001). When comparing patients using concomitant drugs which are strong inhibitors of CYP3A4/5 or metabolized by CYP3A4/5 with patients not using those drugs, the each C/D value of NEX group was 122.9±52.3 (n=9) and 126.9±77.3 (n=7), and that of EX group was 71.3±32.2 (n=12) and 63.8±28.0 (n=11). There were no significant differences between these groups. In NEX group, when comparing concentration of TAC at first visit and second visit after starting TAC administration, the each concentration of TAC was 3.14±2.06 ng/ml and 3.80±2.20 ng/ml in NEX group (n=10), and that of TAC was 1.82±0.82 ng/ml and 2.69±1.52 ng/ml (n=11) in EX group (Figure).Conclusion:TAC showed efficacy in patients with RA in a concentration-dependent manner. EX patients may be impossible to achieve enough concentration of TAC even though using TAC of 3mg/day, approved dose for patients with RA in Japan, and NEX patients could make rapid attainment of enough concentrations of TAC in early stage of treatment, suggesting that we should consider induction of TAC only in NEX outpatients. Furthermore, drugs only slightly affected concentration of TAC in this study, suggesting that we can use TAC without any special attention to concomitant drugs.References:[1]Furst DE et al. Arthritis Rheum 2002;46:2020-28.[2]Y. Muraki et al. Exp Ther Med 2018;15:532-38.Acknowledgments:noneDisclosure of Interests:Soshi Takahashi: None declared, Shinji Horibata: None declared, Saori Hatachi: None declared, Miho Takahashi: None declared, Motoko Katayama: None declared, Saki Mukohara: None declared, Norihiko Amano: None declared, Katsuyuki Yoshida: None declared, Kennosuke Yorifuji: None declared, Shunichi Kumagai Grant/research support from: Astellas, Chugai, Mitsubishi Tanabe Co.Ltds, Consultant of: Sysmex Co.Ltd, Speakers bureau: many companies
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Katayama M, Horibata S, Takahashi S, Takahashi M, Mukohara S, Amano N, Yoshida K, Hatachi S, Yorifuji K, Kumagai S. FRI0246 GENOTYPING OF CYP3A5 IS USEFUL FOR TREATMENT WITH TACROLIMUS IN INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE IN DERMATOMYOSITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Tacrolimus (TAC), an immunosuppressant, can be used in second-line maintenance therapy of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) [1]. In Japan, TAC is approved for DM-ILD and often used as induction therapy for severe cases, especially in patients with anti-MDA5-Ab (melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody) positive, in combination with glucocorticoids (GC) and intravenous cyclophosphamide (IVCY). Some studies reported the clinical efficacy of initial high-trough level TAC for DM-ILD in combination with GC and IVCY [2]. Adjustment to target concentration of TAC in early stage of treatment is important for controlling disease activity. The concentration of TAC depends on genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5 enzyme expression and several reports showed that the bioavailability and concentration of TAC in patients with a CYP3A5 *1 allele (*1) was lower than those with a CYP3A5 *3/*3 (*3/*3) [3].Objectives:To examine the usefulness of CYP3A5 polymorphisms in decision of initial dose to achieve the target concentration of TAC and to evaluate the clinical efficacy in patients of DM-ILD who achieved the enough concentration of TAC in early stage of treatment.Methods:We investigated CYP3A5 polymorphisms and TAC concentration in 9 patients of DM-ILD without renal dysfunction (eGFR>60). TAC was taken after both morning and evening meals and blood samples were taken 12h after TAC administration. The blood concentration of TAC normalized to the corresponding dose per body weight (C/D, ng/ml per mg/kg) was analyzed according to genetic variation in CYP3A5. Based on the retrospective analyzation, we chose proper dose of TAC in initial treatment for an anti-MDA5-Ab positive DM-ILD patient, whose genotype was *3/*3.Results:The C/D value in the *3/*3 group (n=6) was 154.6±25.6, which was significantly higher than that in the *1 group (n=3;79.0±2.8; P =0.028). When the target concentration was set at 5-10 ng/ml, the required dose was (0.0316 to 0.0633) mg/kg in the *1 group and (0.0162 to 0.0324) mg/kg in the *3/*3 group. The *1 group needs more dose than that of the *3/*3 group to achieve the same target trough of TAC, suggesting that the examination of CYP3A5 genotype is useful for deciding initial dose of TAC (Fig.1). We started TAC 6mg/day with setting target concentration at 15-20 ng/ml to a *3/*3 patient of DM-ILD with anti-MDA5-Ab positive, resulting in good clinical course with making rapid attainment of target concentration in early stage of treatment (Fig.2).Conclusion:To examine the CYP3A5 genotype is valuable for deciding the initial dose of TAC, especially in patients who need achievement to target concentration rapidly.References:[1]Oddis CV and Aggarwal R. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2018;14(5):279-89.[2]Suzuka T et al. Int J Rheum dis 2019;22: 303-13.[3]Y. Muraki et al. Exp Ther Med 2018;15:532-38.Acknowledgments:noneDisclosure of Interests:motoko katayama: None declared, Shinji Horibata: None declared, Soshi Takahashi: None declared, Miho Takahashi: None declared, Saki Mukohara: None declared, Norihiko Amano: None declared, Katsuyuki Yoshida: None declared, Saori Hatachi: None declared, Kennosuke Yorifuji: None declared, Shunichi Kumagai Grant/research support from: Astellas, Chugai, Mitsubishi Tanabe Co.Ltds, Consultant of: Sysmex Co.Ltd, Speakers bureau: many companies
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Toramatsu C, Mohammadi A, Wakizaka H, Seki C, Nishikido F, Sato S, Kanno I, Takahashi M, Karasawa K, Hirano Y, Yamaya T. Biological washout modelling for in-beam PET: rabbit brain irradiation by 11C and 15O ion beams. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:105011. [PMID: 32235057 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab8532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) has been used for dose verification in charged particle therapy. The causes of washout of positron emitters by physiological functions should be clarified for accurate dose verification. In this study, we visualized the distribution of irradiated radioactive beams, 11C and 15O beams, in the rabbit whole-body using our original depth-of-interaction (DOI)-PET prototype to add basic data for biological washout effect correction. Time activity curves of the irradiated field and organs were measured immediately after the irradiations. All data were corrected for physical decay before further analysis. We also collected expired gas of the rabbit during beam irradiation and the energy spectrum was measured with a germanium detector. Irradiated radioactive beams into the brain were distributed to the whole body due to the biological washout process, and the implanted 11C and 15O ions were concentrated in the regions which had high blood volume. The 11C-labelled 11CO2 was detected in expired gas under the 11C beam irradiation, while no significant signal was detected under the 15O beam irradiation as a form of C15O2. Results suggested that the implanted 11C ions form molecules that diffuse out to the whole body by undergoing perfusion, then, they are incorporated into the blood-gas exchange in the respiratory system. This study provides basic data for modelling of the biological washout effect.
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Bai H, Hiura H, Obara Y, Kawahara M, Takahashi M. Short communication: Menaquinone-4 (vitamin K 2) induces proliferation responses in bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:7531-7534. [PMID: 32448576 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of vitamin K (VK) on immune cells in ruminants are yet to be fully investigated. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of VK on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in Holstein dairy cows. A cell proliferation assay was performed to evaluate the effect of menaquinone-4 (MK-4, the biologically active form of VK) on immune response of PBMC. The proliferation of PBMC stimulated by MK-4 was significantly higher than that of nonstimulated controls. The expression of T cell-related genes in PBMC, stimulated with MK-4, was assessed by quantitative PCR. No significant changes were observed in the mRNA expression levels of both CD4 and CD8 as helper T cell and cytotoxic T cell markers, respectively. The present study demonstrated that MK-4 positively influenced cow PBMC proliferation and suggested the possibility of bovine-specific immune cell activation. The present study lays a foundation for understanding the physiological role of VK in cattle.
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Takahashi M, Bang YJ, Karayama M, Watanabe J, Minami H, Yamamoto N, Kinoshita I, Lin C, Im YH, Fujiki T, Achiwa I, Kamiyama E, Okuda Y, Lee C, Takahashi S. 147P Pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) with OATP1B/CYP3A inhibitors in patients with HER2-expressing advanced solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Ikoma N, Miyake Y, Takahashi M, Okuno H, Namba S, Takahashi K, Sasaki T, Kikuchi T. Characteristics of plasma window with various channel diameters for accelerator applications. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:053503. [PMID: 32486757 DOI: 10.1063/1.5140709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plasma window is a feasible device as an atmosphere-vacuum interface, which can withstand energetic particle beams. It is, however, essential to enlarge the diameter to several tens of millimeters for actual beam passing in the accelerator applications. The pressure separation performance and discharge voltage V current I characteristics should be investigated in detail to design the plasma window for each purpose. Therefore, a cascade arc discharge device with a diameter of up to 20 mm was developed, and its characteristics as a function of diameter were examined. As a result, with an increase in the channel diameter, the discharge pressure that was achieved decreased, whose values were smaller compared with the values by the prediction formula, assuming the viscous gas flow with a constant plasma temperature. It showed that the bulk plasma temperature for the larger discharge channel was low because of the low-current density over the channel. Furthermore, the transition of the V-I slope was observed with an increase in the diameter.
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Takahashi M, Uchihara T, Yoshida M, Wakabayashi K, Kakita A, Takahashi H, Toru S, Orimo S. Clinical and pathological features affecting cardiac sympathetic denervation in autopsy-confirmed dementia with Lewy bodies. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:1155-1163. [PMID: 32239599 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim was to clarify the features affecting cardiac sympathetic denervation in autopsy-confirmed dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) patients. METHODS Fifty-four autopsy-confirmed DLB patients were enrolled. Tissue samples of the left ventricular anterior wall were immunostained with anti-tyrosine hydroxylase antibody to identify catecholaminergic nerve axons. Immunostained areas were quantified as residual cardiac sympathetic nerve (CSN) axons and the relationship between the degree of residual CSN axons and clinical and neuropathological features was examined. RESULTS Virtually all patients showed small amounts of residual CSN axons (0.87%, range 0.02%-9.98%), with 50 patients (92.6%) showing <2.0% of residual axons. The patients who showed psychological symptoms within the first year of the disease had significantly more residual CSN axons than the remaining patients did (1.50% vs. 0.40%, P < 0.01). Patients with a short disease duration and neocortical-type Lewy body pathology tended to have more preserved CSN axons, although this difference was not statistically significant. Fifty-three patients (98.1%) who had neurofibrillary tangles in the brain and strong concomitant Alzheimer's disease pathology also had statistically significantly more preserved CSN axons. The patient with the most preserved CSN axons showed different characteristics from the results, except for the first symptom. CONCLUSION Psychological symptoms within the first year of the disease, a short disease duration, neocortical-type Lewy body pathology and strong concomitant Alzheimer's disease pathology may be related to mild CSN degeneration in DLB patients. Thus, DLB patients with broad Lewy body pathology in the brain in the early stages may show mild CSN degeneration.
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Kato T, Chinzei N, Katayama N, Hirota S, Takahashi M. Successful Transcatheter Arterial Embolisation for a Traumatic Iliacus Hematoma: A Case Report. Malays Orthop J 2020; 14:92-95. [PMID: 32296490 PMCID: PMC7156174 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2003.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A traumatic iliacus hematoma is rare and usually occurs in patients after a fall involving a lower back injury. Although the hematoma may compress the femoral nerve causing femoral nerve palsy, the gold standard treatment for this condition has not been established. Here we report transcatheter arterial embolisation as a useful treatment strategy for a traumatic iliacus hematoma.
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Yoshitomi H, Nishino S, Tanimura Y, Takahashi M. A study of a calibration technique for a newly developed thyroid monitor and its uncertainties due to body size for radioiodine measurements. RADIAT MEAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hough O, Gao X, Yang C, Takahashi M, Mariscal A, Nykanen A, Gomes B, Ali A, Cypel M, Chan C, Keshavjee S, Liu M. Addition of Dialysis to Ex-Vivo Lung Perfusion Maintains Homeostasis and Stability of Donor Lungs: A Pilot Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Homma T, Mochizuki Y, Hara M, Kamei S, Mizutani T, Takubo H, Isozaki E, Takahashi M, Komori T, Hao H. Gradient subthalamic neurodegeneration and tau pathology in the hypoglossal nucleus as essential pathological markers of progressive supranuclear palsy - Richardson syndrome. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2020; 176:353-360. [PMID: 32247606 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy - Richardson syndrome (PSP-RS) was first described in 1964 by Steele et al. Tau pathology has not been reported in the hypoglossal nuclei of PSP-RS patients, whereas Steele et al. described gliosis with no remarkable neuronal losses in the hypoglossal nucleus. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and degree of tau pathology-associated neurodegeneration, with an emphasis on the hypoglossal nucleus, in patients with PSP-RS. Six clinicopathologically proven PSP-RS cases were included in this study. All patients were clinicopathologically and immunohistochemically re-evaluated. This study confirmed the following neuropathological characteristics of PSP-RS: (1) neurodegeneration usually affects the striatonigral system and cerebellar dentate nucleus; (2) the cerebellar afferent system in PSP-RS is affected by absent-to-mild neurodegeneration; and (3) the extent of tau distribution throughout the central nervous system is greater than the extent of neurodegeneration. Furthermore, we found that subthalamic neurodegeneration was more prominent in the ventromedial region than in the dorsolateral region. Nevertheless, the tau pathology showed no remarkable differences between these two sites. Interestingly, the tau pathology was frequently observed in the hypoglossal nuclei of PSP-RS patients. Gradient neurodegeneration of the subthalamus and tau pathology in the hypoglossal nucleus could be regarded as essential pathological features of PSP-RS.
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Hees A, Do T, Roberts BM, Ghez AM, Nishiyama S, Bentley RO, Gautam AK, Jia S, Kara T, Lu JR, Saida H, Sakai S, Takahashi M, Takamori Y. Search for a Variation of the Fine Structure Constant around the Supermassive Black Hole in Our Galactic Center. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:081101. [PMID: 32167338 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.081101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Searching for space-time variations of the constants of Nature is a promising way to search for new physics beyond general relativity and the standard model motivated by unification theories and models of dark matter and dark energy. We propose a new way to search for a variation of the fine-structure constant using measurements of late-type evolved giant stars from the S star cluster orbiting the supermassive black hole in our Galactic Center. A measurement of the difference between distinct absorption lines (with different sensitivity to the fine structure constant) from a star leads to a direct estimate of a variation of the fine structure constant between the star's location and Earth. Using spectroscopic measurements of five stars, we obtain a constraint on the relative variation of the fine structure constant below 10^{-5}. This is the first time a varying constant of nature is searched for around a black hole and in a high gravitational potential. This analysis shows new ways the monitoring of stars in the Galactic Center can be used to probe fundamental physics.
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93
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Suzuki R, Nagano A, Wakabayashi H, Maeda K, Nishioka S, Takahashi M, Momosaki R. Assignment of Dental Hygienists Improves Outcomes in Japanese Rehabilitation Wards: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:28-36. [PMID: 31886805 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clarify the effectiveness of ward-assigned dental hygienists (DHs) on rehabilitation outcomes in rehabilitation wards. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING The registry data from the Japanese Rehabilitation Nutrition Database. PARTICIPANTS 656 patients with hip fracture or stroke admitted to convalescent rehabilitation wards. MEASUREMENTS The main outcome measures were the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), the Food Intake Level Scale (FILS), and the home discharge rate. Patients were divided into two groups based on the ward setting: with an assigned DH (DH group) and without an assigned DH (NDH group). Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compered between the groups. Between-facility differences were adjusted by generalized estimating equation. We performed post-hoc power analysis to confirm that there were enough samples included in this study to detect a significant difference. RESULTS Of 656 patients (mean age, 77 years; 57.1% female; 65.5% stroke) from 10 facilities, 454 patients (69.2%) from 4 facilities were in the DH group. FIM score at discharge (107 vs 90, P<0.001), percentage improvement in FILS score from admission to discharge (44.5% vs 22.8%, P<0.001) and home discharge rate (72.5% vs 61.4%, P<0.001) were significantly higher in the DH group than in the NDH group. After multivariate analysis, the FIM score at discharge (P=0.007), FILS score at discharge (P=0.024), and home discharge rate (P=0.007) were significantly higher in the DH group than in the NDH group. CONCLUSIONS ADL and swallowing function were significantly improved at discharge and the home discharge rate was higher among patients in rehabilitation wards with DHs. Having a ward-assigned DH may lead to better rehabilitation outcomes in rehabilitation wards.
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Takahashi M, Yamaya T. [Nuclear Medicine for Optimized Treatment Strategy and Real-Time Therapy Imaging]. IGAKU BUTSURI : NIHON IGAKU BUTSURI GAKKAI KIKANSHI = JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PHYSICS : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY OF MEDICAL PHYSICS 2020; 40:8-12. [PMID: 32238688 DOI: 10.11323/jjmp.40.1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PET and SPECT provide us with information about biological quantitative values at localized area, even at the deep component of human. They usually have been used for diagnosis, but when combining with radiotherapy, PET and SPECT images would be helpful to make a decision on radiation-dose distribution for treatment because the patient images can be obtained in the similar condition under radiation therapy. In addition, anti-tumor effect of radiation therapy is now precisely controlled for target. Therefore, precise information of tumor, such as extent of tumor and heterogeneity within tumor, would make the treatment more effective, while normal organ functions are preserved. What nuclear medicine can do for the ideal treatment is discussed in this section.
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95
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Akamatsu G, Tashima H, Iwao Y, Takahashi M, Yoshida E, Yamaya T. Simulation Study of High-sensitivity Cardiac-dedicated PET Systems with Different Geometries. ANNALS OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY 2020; 6:95-98. [PMID: 37123496 PMCID: PMC10133923 DOI: 10.17996/anc.20-00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive quantification of myocardial blood flow with PET is a vital tool for detecting and monitoring of coronary artery disease. However, current standard cylindrical PET scanners are not optimized for cardiac imaging because they are designed mainly for whole-body imaging. In this study, we proposed two compact geometries, the elliptical geometry and the D-shape geometry, for cardiac-dedicated PET systems. We then evaluated their performance compared with a whole-body-size cylindrical geometry by using the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit. In the simulation, an elliptical water phantom was scanned for 10-sec, and we calculated the sensitivity and the noise-equivalent count rate (NECR). Subsequently, a digital chest phantom was scanned for 30-sec and the coincidence data were reconstructed by in-house image reconstruction software. We evaluated the image noise in the liver region and the contrast recoveries in the heart region. Even with the limited number of detectors, the proposed compact geometries showed higher sensitivity than the whole-body geometry. The D-shape geometry achieved 47% higher NECR and 44% lower image noise compared with the whole-body cylindrical geometry. However, the contrasts in the hot area obtained by the proposed compact geometries were not as good as that obtained by the whole-body cylindrical geometry. There was no considerable difference in image quality between the elliptical geometry and the D-shape geometry. In conclusion, the compact geometries we have proposed are promising designs for a high-sensitivity and low-cost cardiac-dedicated PET system. A further study using a defect phantom model is required to evaluate the contrast of cold areas.
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96
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Kanno I, Takahashi M, Yamaya T. [Michel M. Ter-Pogossian (1925-1996): A pioneer of positron emission tomography weighted in fast imaging and Oxygen-15 application]. IGAKU BUTSURI : NIHON IGAKU BUTSURI GAKKAI KIKANSHI = JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PHYSICS : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY OF MEDICAL PHYSICS 2020; 40:110. [PMID: 32999250 DOI: 10.11323/jjmp.40.3_110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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97
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Akamatsu G, Tashima H, Yoshida E, Wakizaka H, Iwao Y, Maeda T, Takahashi M, Yamaya T. Modified NEMA NU-2 performance evaluation methods for a brain-dedicated PET system with a hemispherical detector arrangement. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019; 6:015012. [PMID: 33438600 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab5c05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Brain PET imaging has important roles in neurology, neuro-oncology and molecular imaging research. We have developed a helmet-type PET prototype and have shown that the proposed hemispherical geometry had high potential for realizing high-sensitivity and low-cost brain imaging. However, there is no standard performance evaluation method for helmet-type PET, which would be a bottleneck to its commercialization. Therefore, we investigated appropriate performance evaluation methods for a helmet-type PET based on the NEMA NU 2-2018 standards. For those measurement methods that are not applicable to the helmet-type PET, we changed them while keeping the basic concept of the original NEMA standards. We measured spatial resolution, sensitivity, scatter fraction, count rate characteristics, accuracy of corrections for count losses and randoms, and image quality. We partially changed the measurement methods by making brain-size phantoms and by optimizing the length or the position of radioactive sources. The spatial resolution was 2.8 mm at 1-cm offset position by the filtered back-projection method. Sensitivities measured by the NEMA original setup and the proposed setup were 13.4 and 57.1 kcps/MBq. The respective values measured with our developed brain-size scatter phantom and with the conventional whole-body-size scatter phantom were: scatter fractions of 35% and 35%; peak NECRs of 25.1 kcps at 3.2 kBq/ml and 19.8 kcps at 2.6 kBq/ml ; and maximum absolute biases of 5.5% and 16.0%. The image quality was evaluated with the developed brain-size phantom, and good image quality was obtained. The helmet-type PET prototype showed high-sensitivity even with the small number of 54 detectors. The spatial resolution was better than 4.0 mm over the field-of-view. In conclusion, we proposed the performance evaluation methods for a brain-dedicated PET system with a hemispherical geometry. The proposed method could facilitate evaluation of performance characteristics of brain-dedicated PET scanners and optimization of its scanning and reconstruction parameters.
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98
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Kanno I, Takahashi M, Yamaya T. Michel M. Ter-Pogossian (1925-1996): a pioneer of positron emission tomography weighted in fast imaging and Oxygen-15 application. Radiol Phys Technol 2019; 13:1-5. [PMID: 31828719 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-019-00549-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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99
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Inomata Y, Ohizumi T, Saito T, Morohashi M, Yamashita N, Takahashi M, Sase H, Takahashi K, Kaneyasu N, Fujihara M, Iwasaki A, Nakagomi K, Shiroma T, Yamaguchi T. Estimating transboundary transported anthropogenic sulfate deposition in Japan using the sulfur isotopic ratio. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:779-788. [PMID: 31326801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High emissions of air pollutants from Northeast Asia are strongly influenced by air quality as well as by ecosystems. This study investigated the spatiotemporal variations in the sulfur isotopic ratio (δ34S) in atmospheric deposition at eleven monitoring stations in Japan from 2011 to 2016 and estimated the amount of transboundary transported anthropogenic sulfate (TRB) deposition using mass balance calculations. The δ34S of sulfate in precipitation ranged from -0.42 to +22.7‰. Sea salt (SS), TRB, and domestic anthropogenic sources (DOM) were the dominant sources of sulfate deposition in Japan. TRB sulfate deposition was largest on the Sea of Japan side, with an annual average value of 1.5 ± 0.3-6.9 ± 0.5 mg m-2 d-1 (36-44%), followed by Mt. Happo (4.5 ± 0.1 mg m-2 d-1; 88%), the Pacific Ocean side (1.5 ± 0.8, 4.3 ± 0.9 mg m-2 d-1; 24-50%), and the remote islands in the North Pacific Ocean (1.1 ± 0.2, 2.0 ± 0.8 mg m-2 d-1; 19-32%). TRB sulfate deposition on the Sea of Japan side was 2-12 times higher in winter and 1-2 times higher in summer than that of DOM. In contrast, TRB sulfate deposition on the Pacific Ocean side was 1.5-3 times higher in summer than in winter due to high precipitation levels. In Tokyo, the annual contribution from DOM sulfate deposition is approximately three times higher than that from TRB. Annual TRB sulfate deposition is lowest at Ogasawara at 1.1 ± 0.2 mg m-2 d-1, and the annual oceanic DMS contribution to sulfate deposition is high, accounting for 1.3 mg m-2 d-1 (20 ± 6%). The contribution of Asian dust was estimated to be 1-5.2 mg m-2 d-1(3-6%), which occurred in a single Asian dust event on the Sea of Japan side.
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Matsuoka A, Tsubata Y, Mizutani T, Takahashi M, Shimodaira H, Hamamoto Y, Nagashima F, Ando Y. DEVELOPMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE JAPANESE EDITION OF SIOG EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. J Geriatr Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1879-4068(19)31310-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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