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Al-Adra D, Bennett A, Gill R, Lees G. Pediatric metastatic sacrococcygeal chordoma treated with surgery. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2011; 21:196-8. [PMID: 21341180 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1271635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gill R, Gupta A, Taggar G, Taggar M. Review article: Role of oxidative enzymes in plant defenses against insect herbivory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/aphyt.45.2010.2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pun KF, Chin KS, Gill R. Determinants of Employee Involvement Practices in Manufacturing Enterprises. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09544120020010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Hunkeler D, Rajotte R, Grey D, Morel P, Skjak-Break G, Korbutt G, Gill R, Oberholzer J. Bioartificial Organ Grafts: A View at the Beginning of the Third Millennium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 31:365-82. [PMID: 14672414 DOI: 10.1081/bio-120025408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
An immunoisolated collection of cells, which communicate and exchange essential factors, co-stimulatory hormones, as well as providing immunoprotection and immunomodulation, can be prepared, given existing scientific and medical know-how, within two decades. These "Bioartificial Organ Grafts" have advantages relative to isolated cell therapies, including beta-cell encapsulation for diabetes treatment, and xenotransplantation, which has a de facto moratorium. This paper documents that the majority of the research for the bioartificial organ grafts has been concluded, with the remaining hurdles minimum in comparison. The use of co-encapsulation and the induction of local immune-privilege will provide a more sensitive humoral hormonal response and graft survival, without systemic immunosuppression. A call for the staged implementation of bioartificial organ grafts, based on the best available medical practice, materials, tissue and technology available, is advocated. The implementation of bioartificial organ grafts can begin within the next two years, based on allografts succeeded by genetically modified human tissue, without the need to pass through a xenograft stage.
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Alekseev IG, Bravar A, Bunce G, Dhawan S, Eyser KO, Gill R, Haeberli W, Huang H, Jinnouchi O, Kponou A, Makdisi Y, Nakagawa I, Nass A, Okada H, Saito N, Stephenson EJ, Svirida DN, Wise T, Wood J, Zelenski A. Measurements of single and double spin asymmetry inppelastic scattering in the CNI region with a polarized atomic hydrogen gas jet target. Int J Clin Exp Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.79.094014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Baig M, Larach J, Chang S, Long C, Weiss E, Nogueras J, Wexner S, Bouchoucha M, Devroede G, Dorval E, Faye A, Arhan P, Arsac M, Zbar A, Oyetunji R, Gill R, D’Annibale A, Morpurgo E, Fiscon V, Termini B, Serventi A, Sovernigo G, Orsini C, Fa-Si-Oen P, van de Gender P, Putter H, Ectors N, D’Hoore A, Topal B, Penninckx F, Marques C, Nahas S, Nahas C, Sobrado C, Habr-Gama A, Kiss D, Verdaasdonk E, Bueno de Mesquita J, Stassen L, Nano M, Prunotto M, Ferronato M, Solej M, Galloni M, Pigot F, Dao-Quang M, Castinel A, Juguet F, Bouchard D, Bockle J, Allaert F, de la Portilla F, Zbar A, Rada R, Vega J, Cisneros N, Maldonado V, Utrera A, Espinosa E, Trecca A, Gaj F, Di Lorenzo G, Ricciardi M, Silano M, Bella A, Sperone M, Vorobiev G, Tsarkov P, Sorokin E. Erratum. Tech Coloproctol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10151-006-0317-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gill R, Kohut L, Kaczorowski D, Edmonds R, Billiar T. QS214. Complement Component C3 is Critical to the End Organ Injury and Inflammatory Response Seen in Trauma. J Surg Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.11.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kaczorowski D, Scott M, Fan J, Afrazi A, Gill R, Edmonds R, Billiar T. 95. Mammalian DNA is an Endogenous Danger Signal That Stimulates Local Complement Synthesis and Release. J Surg Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Richardson A, Herbertson M, Gill R. The role of recombinant activated factor VII in cardiac surgery. HSR PROCEEDINGS IN INTENSIVE CARE & CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA 2009; 1:9-12. [PMID: 23439927 PMCID: PMC3484551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant factor VIIa may reduce surgical blood loss and transfusion of blood products in cardiac surgery. However, the true risks of its use in this setting remains to be elucidated, especially when it is administered with other potent pro-haemostatic agents. We reviewed the recent literature on this topic and suggest that the off label use of recombinant factor VIIa is likely to continue. It is our institutional practice to use it in the operating room at a dose of 90 mcg/Kg to ensure there is no obvious correctable surgical source of blood loss, and to be certain that bleeding has stopped before the chest is closed.
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Gill R, Saucedo Galvez C, Aldridge D, Morgan G. Ranging behaviour of huemul in relation to habitat and landscape. J Zool (1987) 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2007.00378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nakagawa I, Alekseev I, Bravar A, Bunce G, Dhawan S, Eyser KO, Gill R, Haeberli W, Huang H, Jinnouchi O, Makdisi Y, Nass A, Okada H, Stephenson E, Svirida D, Wise T, Wood J, Zelenski A. Polarization Measurements of RHIC-pp RUN05 Using CNI pC-Polarimeter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2750924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Makdisi Y, Alekseev I, Bellavia S, Bravar A, Bunce G, Chapman MA, Dhawan S, Eyser KO, Gasner D, Gill R, Haeberli W, Li Z, Khodinov A, Kponou A, Meng W, Nass A, Okada H, Saito N, Resica S, Stephenson E, Svirida D, Trbojevic D, Tsang T, Wise T, Zelenski A, Zubets V. Status and Operational Experience with the Polarized Hydrogen Jet at RHIC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2750937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Zbar AP, Oyetunji RO, Gill R. Transperineal versus hydrogen peroxide-enhanced endoanal ultrasonography in never operated and recurrent cryptogenic fistula-in-ano: a pilot study. Tech Coloproctol 2006; 10:297-302. [PMID: 17115320 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-006-0296-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2005] [Accepted: 02/21/2006] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate delineation of anal fistula anatomy in recurrent cases will assist in surgical fistula eradication whilst preserving continence. Recently, transperineal ultrasonography (TPUS) has been used in perirectal inflammation where there may be advantage over endoanal ultrasonography (EAUS) in complex fistulae- in-ano which lie outside the focal range of the endoanal probe. We assessed the sensitivity of these two imaging modalities to characterize fistula-in-ano, compared to surgical findings. METHODS Hand-held 7.5 MHz TPUS was performed in the axial and sagittal planes in never-operated (Group 1, n=10) and recurrent (Group 2, n=10) cryptogenic fistulae where the ultrasonographer was blinded to the initial operative findings. This was compared with hydrogen peroxide-enhanced EAUS using a 7.5 MHz rotating probe, assessing the fistula anatomy, site of the internal opening, confirmation of Goodsall's rule and the presence of secondary tracks, abscess collections and significant horsehoeing of the track. RESULTS Overall sensitivity for the detection of trans-sphincteric and extrasphincteric fistulae was 100% using both techniques with a 90% sensitivity for TPUS and an 85% sensitivity for EAUS in the prediction of the internal fistula opening site. The TPUS sensitivity for horseshoeing was poor (28.6%) as was the detection of ancillary abscesses confirmed at surgery (63.6%) but TPUS demonstrated rectovaginal fistulae. CONCLUSION TPUS is a novel technique for use in perirectal infection which has a significant learning curve but which is highly accurate for prediction of the anatomy of complex recurrent as well as simple anal fistulae.
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Erskine PT, Knight MJ, Ruaux A, Mikolajek H, Wong Fat Sang N, Withers J, Gill R, Wood SP, Wood M, Fox GC, Cooper JB. High resolution structure of BipD: an invasion protein associated with the type III secretion system of Burkholderia pseudomallei. J Mol Biol 2006; 363:125-36. [PMID: 16950399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2006] [Revised: 07/26/2006] [Accepted: 07/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Burkoldheria pseudomallei is a Gram-negative bacterium that possesses a protein secretion system similar to those found in Salmonella and Shigella. Recent work has indicated that the protein encoded by the BipD gene of B. pseudomallei is an important secreted virulence factor. BipD is similar in sequence to IpaD from Shigella and SipD from Salmonella and is therefore likely to be a translocator protein in the type-III secretion system of B. pseudomallei. The crystal structure of BipD has been solved at a resolution of 2.1 A revealing the detailed tertiary fold of the molecule. The overall structure is appreciably extended and consists of a bundle of antiparallel alpha-helical segments with two small beta-sheet regions. The longest helices of the molecule form a four-helix bundle and most of the remaining secondary structure elements (three helices and two three-stranded beta-sheets) are formed by the region linking the last two helices of the four-helix bundle. The structure suggests that the biologically active form of the molecule may be a dimer formed by contacts involving the C-terminal alpha-helix, which is the most strongly conserved part of the protein. Comparison of the structure of BipD with immunological and other data for IpaD indicates that the C-terminal alpha-helix is also involved in contacts with other proteins that form the translocon.
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Knight MJ, Ruaux A, Mikolajek H, Erskine PT, Gill R, Wood SP, Wood M, Cooper JB. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of BipD, a virulence factor from Burkholderia pseudomallei. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2006; 62:761-4. [PMID: 16880550 PMCID: PMC2242920 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309106024857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2006] [Accepted: 06/27/2006] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, possesses a protein-secretion apparatus that is similar to those found in Salmonella and Shigella. A major function of these secretion systems is to secrete virulence-associated proteins into target cells of the host organism. The BipD gene of B. pseudomallei encodes a secreted virulence factor that is similar in sequence and most likely functionally analogous to IpaD from Shigella and SipD from Salmonella. Thus, the BipD protein is likely to be a component of a type III protein-secretion system (TTSS) in B. pseudomallei. Proteins in the same class as BipD, such as IpaD and SipD, are thought to act as extracellular chaperones to help the hydrophobic translocator proteins enter the target cell membrane, where they form a pore and might even link the translocon pore with the secretion needle. There is evidence that the translocator proteins also bind an integrin which stimulates actin-mediated insertion of the bacterium into the host-cell membrane. Native BipD has been crystallized in a monoclinic crystal form that diffracts X-rays to 2.5 angstroms resolution. BipD protein which incorporates selenomethionine (SeMet-BipD) has also been expressed and forms crystals which diffract to a higher resolution of 2.1 angstroms.
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Bai M, Roser T, Ahrens L, Alekseev IG, Alessi J, Beebe-Wang J, Blaskiewicz M, Bravar A, Brennan JM, Bruno D, Bunce G, Courant E, Drees A, Fischer W, Gardner C, Gill R, Glenn J, Haeberli W, Huang H, Jinnouchi O, Kewisch J, Luccio A, Luo Y, Nakagawa I, Okada H, Pilat F, Mackay WW, Makdisi Y, Montag C, Ptitsyn V, Satogata T, Stephenson E, Svirida D, Tepikian S, Trbojevic D, Tsoupas N, Wise T, Zelenski A, Zeno K, Zhang SY. Polarized proton collisions at 205 GeV at RHIC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:174801. [PMID: 16712305 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.174801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The Brookhaven Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has been providing collisions of polarized protons at a beam energy of 100 GeV since 2001. Equipped with two full Siberian snakes in each ring, polarization is preserved during acceleration from injection to 100 GeV. However, the intrinsic spin resonances beyond 100 GeV are about a factor of 2 stronger than those below 100 GeV making it important to examine the impact of these strong intrinsic spin resonances on polarization survival and the tolerance for vertical orbit distortions. Polarized protons were first accelerated to the record energy of 205 GeV in RHIC with a significant polarization measured at top energy in 2005. This Letter presents the results and discusses the sensitivity of the polarization survival to orbit distortions.
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Gill R, Herbertson M. Recombinant Factor VIIa : A Universal Haemostatic Agent? Ann Card Anaesth 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0971-9784.37905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Beaven GDE, Erskine PT, Wright JN, Mohammed F, Gill R, Wood SP, Vernon J, Giese KP, Cooper JB. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of calexcitin from Loligo pealei: a neuronal protein implicated in learning and memory. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2005; 61:879-81. [PMID: 16511184 PMCID: PMC1991304 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309105026758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2005] [Accepted: 08/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The neuronal protein calexcitin from the long-finned squid Loligo pealei has been expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Calexcitin is a 22 kDa calcium-binding protein that becomes up-regulated in invertebrates following Pavlovian conditioning and is likely to be involved in signal transduction events associated with learning and memory. Recombinant squid calexcitin has been crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion technique in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1). The unit-cell parameters of a = 46.6, b = 69.2, c = 134.8 A suggest that the crystals contain two monomers per asymmetric unit and have a solvent content of 49%. This crystal form diffracts X-rays to at least 1.8 A resolution and yields data of high quality using synchrotron radiation.
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Erskine PT, Coates L, Newbold R, Brindley AA, Stauffer F, Beaven GDE, Gill R, Coker A, Wood SP, Warren MJ, Shoolingin-Jordan PM, Neier R, Cooper JB. Structure of yeast 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase complexed with the inhibitor 5-hydroxylaevulinic acid. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D: BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2005; 61:1222-6. [PMID: 16131755 DOI: 10.1107/s0907444905018834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2004] [Accepted: 06/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The X-ray structure of the enzyme 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) from yeast complexed with the competitive inhibitor 5-hydroxylaevulinic acid has been determined at a resolution of 1.9 A. The structure shows that the inhibitor is bound by a Schiff-base link to one of the invariant active-site lysine residues (Lys263). The inhibitor appears to bind in two well defined conformations and the interactions made by it suggest that it is a very close analogue of the substrate 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA).
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Wahlund JE, Boström R, Gustafsson G, Gurnett DA, Kurth WS, Pedersen A, Averkamp TF, Hospodarsky GB, Persoon AM, Canu P, Neubauer FM, Dougherty MK, Eriksson AI, Morooka MW, Gill R, André M, Eliasson L, Müller-Wodarg I. Cassini measurements of cold plasma in the ionosphere of Titan. Science 2005; 308:986-9. [PMID: 15894529 DOI: 10.1126/science.1109807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) Langmuir probe (LP) sensor observed the cold plasma environment around Titan during the first two flybys. The data show that conditions in Saturn's magnetosphere affect the structure and dynamics deep in the ionosphere of Titan. The maximum measured ionospheric electron number density reached 3800 per cubic centimeter near closest approach, and a complex chemistry was indicated. The electron temperature profiles are consistent with electron heat conduction from the hotter Titan wake. The ionospheric escape flux was estimated to be 10(25) ions per second.
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Abstract
Following the influential Gifford and Reith lectures by Onora O'Neill, this paper explores further the paradigm of individual autonomy which has been so dominant in bioethics until recently and concurs that it is an aberrant application and that conceptions of individual autonomy cannot provide a sufficient and convincing starting point for ethics within medical practice. We suggest that revision of the operational definition of patient autonomy is required for the twenty first century. We follow O'Neill in recommending a principled version of patient autonomy, which for us involves the provision of sufficient and understandable information and space for patients, who have the capacity to make a settled choice about medical interventions on themselves, to do so responsibly in a manner considerate to others. We test it against the patient-doctor relationship in which each fully respects the autonomy of the other based on an unspoken covenant and bilateral trust between the doctor and patient. Indeed we consider that the dominance of the individual autonomy paradigm harmed that relationship. Although it seems to eliminate any residue of medical paternalism we suggest that it has tended to replace it with an equally (or possibly even more) unacceptable bioethical paternalism. In addition it may, for example, lead some doctors to consider mistakenly that unthinking acquiescence to a requested intervention against their clinical judgement is honouring "patient autonomy" when it is, in fact, abrogation of their duty as doctors.
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Williams PA, Coates L, Mohammed F, Gill R, Erskine PT, Coker A, Wood SP, Anthony C, Cooper JB. The atomic resolution structure of methanol dehydrogenase fromMethylobacterium extorquens. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D: BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2004; 61:75-9. [PMID: 15608378 DOI: 10.1107/s0907444904026964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2004] [Accepted: 10/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) from Methylobacterium extorquens has been refined without stereochemical restraints at a resolution of 1.2 A. The high-resolution data have defined the conformation of the tricyclic pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) cofactor ring as entirely planar. The detailed definition of the active-site geometry has shown many features that are similar to the quinohaemo-protein alcohol dehydrogenases from Comamonas testosteroni and Pseudomonas putida, both of which possess MDH-like and cytochrome c-like domains. Conserved features between the two types of PQQ-containing enzyme suggest a common pathway for electron transfer between MDH and its physiological electron acceptor cytochrome cL. A pathway for proton transfer from the active site to the bulk solvent is also suggested.
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