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Kravchuk OI, Finoshin AD, Mikhailov KV, Ziganshin RH, Adameyko KI, Gornostaev NG, Zhurakovskaya AI, Mikhailov VS, Shagimardanova EI, Lyupina YV. [Characteristics of δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase of the Cold-Water Sponge Halisarca dujardinii]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2023; 57:1085-1097. [PMID: 38062963 DOI: 10.31857/s0026898423060113, edn: qftcto] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
δ-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) is a key enzyme of the cytoplasmic heme biosynthesis pathway. The primary structure of the ALAD gene, the multimeric structure of the ALAD/hemB protein, and ALAD expression during the annual reproductive cycle were studied in the cold-water marine sponge Halisarca dujardinii. The results implicated the GATA-1 transcription factor and DNA methylation in regulating ALAD expression. Re-aggregation of sponge cells was accompanied by a decrease in ALAD expression and a change in the cell content of an active ALAD/hemB form. Further study of heme biosynthesis and the role of ALAD/hemB in morphogenesis of basal animals may provide new opportunities for treating pathologies in higher animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- O I Kravchuk
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - A D Finoshin
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - K V Mikhailov
- Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia
- Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 127051 Russia
| | - R H Ziganshin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - K I Adameyko
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - N G Gornostaev
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - A I Zhurakovskaya
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - V S Mikhailov
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - E I Shagimardanova
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420012 Russia
| | - Yu V Lyupina
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
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Bulegon JS, Weber ADAP, de Souza MD, Viero FT, Pillat MM, Gonçalves TDL. Oxidative profile, inflammatory responses and δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase enzyme activity in influenza B virus infection. Pathog Dis 2023; 81:ftad028. [PMID: 37816669 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to determine the activity of the delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) enzyme, oxidative stress biomarkers and the expression of cytokines in those infected with influenza B virus (IBV). To evaluate the activity of the δ-ALA-D enzyme, lipid peroxidation was estimated as levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein and non-protein thiol groups, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), vitamin C concentration and cytokine levels in IBV-infected individuals (n = 50) and a control group (n = 30). δ-ALA-D activity was significantly lower in IBV-infected individuals compared with controls, as well as levels of thiols, vitamin C and FRAP. Lipid peroxidation and cytokine levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and IFN-y were statistically higher in the IBV group. In conclusion, we found evidence of the generation of oxidants, the depletion of the antioxidant system, decrease in the activity of the δ-ALA-D enzyme and an increase in the synthesis of cytokines, thus contributing to a better understanding of oxidative and inflammatory pathways during IBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Simonetti Bulegon
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Prédio 26, Universidade de Santa Maria, UFSM, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Andressa de Azambuja Pias Weber
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Prédio 26, Universidade de Santa Maria, UFSM, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Manoela Dias de Souza
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Prédio 26, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Tibolla Viero
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Prédio 20, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Micheli Mainardi Pillat
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Prédio 26, Universidade de Santa Maria, UFSM, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Prédio 20, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Thissiane de Lima Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Prédio 26, Universidade de Santa Maria, UFSM, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Prédio 26, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, CEP: 97105-900, Santa Maria, Brasil
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Killiny N, Jones SE, Gonzalez-Blanco P. Silencing of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase via virus induced gene silencing promotes callose deposition in plant phloem. Plant Signal Behav 2022; 17:2024733. [PMID: 34994280 PMCID: PMC9176224 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.2024733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) enzyme is an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of tetrapyrroles. It combines two δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA) molecules to form the pyrrole, porphobilinogen, an important precursor for plant pigments involved in photosynthesis, respiration, light-sensing, and nutrient uptake. Our recent efforts showed that, in citrus, silencing of ALAD gene via Citrus tristeza virus-induced gene silencing, caused yellow spots and necrosis in leaves and in developing new shoots. Silencing of ALAD gene reduced leaf pigments and altered leaf metabolites. Moreover, total phenolic content, H2O2, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased, indicating that silencing of ALAD induced severe stress. Herein, we hypothesized that conditions including lower sucrose, elevated ROS, alteration of microRNA involved in RNAi regulatory protein Argonaute 1 (AGO1) and ROS lead to higher deposition of callose in phloem tissues. Using aniline blue staining and gene expression analysis of callose synthases, we showed significant deposition of callose in ALAD-silenced citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Killiny
- Citrus Research and Education Center and Department of Plant Pathology, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Shelley E. Jones
- Citrus Research and Education Center and Department of Plant Pathology, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Pedro Gonzalez-Blanco
- Citrus Research and Education Center and Department of Plant Pathology, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
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de Lucca L, Jantsch LB, Vendrame SA, de Paula HL, Dos Santos Stein C, Gallarreta FMP, Moresco RN, de Lima Gonçalves T. Variation of the Oxidative Profile in Pregnant Women With and Without Gestational Complications. Matern Child Health J 2022; 26:2155-2168. [PMID: 35969329 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-022-03475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress is closely related to the pathophysiology of gestation, where the placenta is susceptible to oxidative damage, contributing to the onset of gestational complications. Currently, few studies evaluate the use of oxidative markers for prediction of risk of gestational complications. However, there are some reports that suggest these biomarkers as potential prognostic biomarkers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the biomarkers of oxidative stress from gestations with and without complications, and also evaluate the delta of variation in these markers from the first gestational trimester. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 45 pregnant women were evaluated during the three gestational trimesters, of whom 15 developed gestational complications by the end of gestation. The evaluated oxidative damage markers were thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitric oxide dosage. Evaluation of the antioxidant system was performed by the quantification of vitamin C, sulfhydryl groups, total antioxidant capacity, plasmatic iron reduction ability, the evaluation of catalase and delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase enzymatic activity. RESULTS According to the results, the markers of oxidative damage are increased, and the antioxidant profile decreased, in the third trimester of complicated pregnancies as compared to uncomplicated pregnancies. Moreover, the delta of variation in both oxidative damage markers and antioxidants was higher in complicated gestations as compared to uncomplicated gestations, thus suggesting a higher oxidative stress in pregnancies with complications. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress parameters appear altered in pregnant women with gestational complications. The markers to oxidative stress can be possible biomarkers, helping in understanding mechanisms underlying the associations between complications during pregnancy and various health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leidiane de Lucca
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, no 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Bigolin Jantsch
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, no 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Silmara Ana Vendrame
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, no 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Hellen Lopes de Paula
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, no 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Dos Santos Stein
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, no 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Noal Moresco
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, no 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Thissiane de Lima Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, no 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Killiny N, Nehela Y, Hijaz F, Gonzalez-Blanco P, Hajeri S, Gowda S. Knock-down of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase via virus-induced gene silencing alters the microRNA biogenesis and causes stress-related reactions in citrus plants. Plant Sci 2020; 299:110622. [PMID: 32900450 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA) is an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of tetrapyrroles. Tetrapyrroles play vital roles in many biological processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and light-sensing. ALA-dehydratase (ALAD) combines two molecules of δ-ALA to form porphobilinogen. In citrus, the silencing of ALAD caused discrete yellow spots and necrosis in leaves and stems. Additionally, it caused rapid death in developing new shoots. Herein, we hypothesize that the accumulation of δ-ALA results in severe stress and reduced meristem development. For that reason, we investigated the dynamic changes in the expression profiles of 23 microRNA (miRNA) identified through small RNA sequencing, from CTV-tALAD plants in comparison with healthy C. macrophylla and C. macrophylla infiltrated with CTV-wt. Furthermore, we reported the effect of ALAD silencing on the total phenolics, H2O2, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, to examine the possibilities of miRNAs involving the regulation of these pathways. Our results showed that the total phenolics content, H2O2, and O2- levels were increased in CTV-tALAD plants. Moreover, 63 conserved miRNA members belonging to 23 different miRNA families were differentially expressed in CTV-tALAD plants compared to controls. The identified miRNAs are implicated in auxin biosynthesis and signaling, axillary shoot meristem formation and leaf morphology, starch metabolism, and oxidative stress. Collectively, our findings suggested that ALAD silencing initiates stress on citrus plants. As a result, CTV-tALAD plants exhibit reduced metabolic rate, growth, and development in order to cope with the stress that resulted from the accumulation of δ-ALA. This cascade of events led to leaf, stem, and meristem necrosis and failure of new shoot development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Killiny
- Department of Plant Pathology, Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA.
| | - Yasser Nehela
- Department of Plant Pathology, Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - Faraj Hijaz
- Department of Plant Pathology, Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - Pedro Gonzalez-Blanco
- Department of Plant Pathology, Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - Subhas Hajeri
- Department of Plant Pathology, Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - Siddarame Gowda
- Department of Plant Pathology, Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
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Whiteside TE, Qu W, DeVito MJ, Brar SS, Bradham KD, Nelson CM, Travlos GS, Kissling GE, Kurtz DM. Elevated Arsenic and Lead Concentrations in Natural Healing Clay Applied Topically as a Treatment for Ulcerative Dermatitis in Mice. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 2020; 59:212-220. [PMID: 32059757 PMCID: PMC7073401 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-19-000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative dermatitis in laboratory mice remains an ongoing clinical problem and animal welfare issue. Many products have been used to treat dermatitis in mice, with varying success. Recently, the topical administration of healing clays, such as bentonite and green clays, has been explored as a viable, natural treatment. We found high concentrations of arsenic and lead in experimental samples of therapeutic clay. Given the known toxic effects of these environmental heavy metals, we sought to determine whether the topical administration of a clay product containing bioavailable arsenic and lead exerted a biologic effect in mice that potentially could introduce unwanted research variability. Two cohorts of 20 singly housed, shaved, dermatitis free, adult male CD1 mice were dosed daily for 2 wk by topical application of saline or green clay paste. Samples of liver, kidney and whole blood were collected and analyzed for total arsenic and lead concentrations. Hepatic and renal concentrations of arsenic were not different between treated and control mice in either cohort; however, hepatic and renal concentrations of lead were elevated in clay treated mice compared to controls in both cohorts. In addition, in both cohorts, the activity of δ-aminolevulinate acid dehydratase, an enzyme involved with heme biosynthesis and a marker of lead toxicity, did not differ significantly between the clay-treated mice and controls. We have demonstrated that these clay products contain high concentrations of arsenic and lead and that topical application can result in the accumulation of lead in the liver and kidneys; however, these concentrations did not result in measurable biologic effects. These products should be used with caution, especially in studies of lead toxicity, heme biosynthesis, and renal α2 microglobulin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya E Whiteside
- Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Wei Qu
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Michael J DeVito
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Sukhdev S Brar
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Karen D Bradham
- Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Clay M Nelson
- Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Gregory S Travlos
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Grace E Kissling
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - David M Kurtz
- Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina;,
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Gashi B, Osmani M, Aliu S, Zogaj M, Kastrati F. Risk assessment of heavy metal toxicity by sensitive biomarker δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) for onion plants cultivated in polluted areas in Kosovo. J Environ Sci Health B 2020; 55:462-469. [PMID: 32003294 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2020.1721229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers allow an integrated risk assessment of heavy metal pollution effects in living organisms. In this study, the biochemical effects of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn pollution in agricultural soil and their accumulation in Alium cepa L. (onion) were evaluated with ALA-D enzyme response as a biomarker, along with δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and total chlorophyll contents in leaves of this plant. Soil samples were randomly selected from agricultural areas in two regions, Mitrovica and Obiliqi, which are considered the most industrially polluted regions in Kosovo. Results show that Pb and Zn concentrations in soil samples from Mitrovica (1953-2576 mg kg -1) and Obiliqi regions (138-179 mg kg -1) and their bioaccumulation levels in onion were significantly higher in comparison with the control group. There was an adverse negative correlation between Pb or Zn concentration and ALA-D activity and total chlorophyll content, and a positive correlation with ALA content. This study indicates that ALA-D activity can be used as a very sensitive biomarker for evaluation of heavy metal pollution. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals from soil polluted areas poses a threat for food contamination and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekim Gashi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", Prishtinë, Kosovo
| | - Mirsade Osmani
- Faculty of Food Technology, University of Mitrovica "Isa Boletini", Mitrovica, Kosovo
| | - Sali Aliu
- Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", Prishtinë, Kosovo
| | - Muhamet Zogaj
- Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", Prishtinë, Kosovo
| | - Fitim Kastrati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", Prishtinë, Kosovo
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de Lucca L, Jantsch LB, Vendrame SA, Stein CDS, Klein VCG, Soares KB, Gallarreta FMP, Moresco RN, Gonçalves TDLG. Longitudinal Study of Delta-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity and Oxidative Profile in Healthy Pregnant Women. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9010018. [PMID: 30634529 PMCID: PMC6359676 DOI: 10.3390/biom9010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is characterized by changes in various organs, triggering changes in the use of energy substrates and increased oxygen consumption. In addition, gestation is an oxidative event that can be assessed by the relationship between free radicals and antioxidants produced by the body. Excessive production of free radicals has detrimental effects such as damage to enzymes, carbohydrates, and DNA. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the oxidative status and antioxidant responses throughout pregnancy through a longitudinal study. Reactive oxygen species were analyzed by means of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitric oxide, the antioxidant system through vitamin C, sulfhydryl groups, total antioxidant capacity, and ferric reducing ability of plasma as well as enzymes such as catalase and delta-aminolevulinate-dehydratase in pregnant women in the three gestational trimesters (n = 30). According to the results, the markers of oxidative damage showed significant differences in the different gestational trimesters where they were increased in the second trimester when compared to the first trimester. The antioxidant defenses responded differently in each gestational trimester, suggesting a response pattern to try to combat the damage caused by free radicals, in order to stabilize the increase of oxidative stress caused in the second gestational trimester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leidiane de Lucca
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Bigolin Jantsch
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Silmara Ana Vendrame
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Dos Santos Stein
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Karina Biaggio Soares
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Rafael Noal Moresco
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Thissiane de Lima Gonçalves Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
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Ata SA, Abu-Dari KI, Tutunji MF, Mubarak MS. Reversing the adverse biochemical effects in lead-intoxicated rats by N,N`- bis[(1,2-didehydro-1-hydroxy-2-thioxopyrid-4-yl)-carbonyl]- L-lysine. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:93-99. [PMID: 30262322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
N,N`-Bis[(1,2-didehydro-1-hydroxy-2-thioxopyrid-4-yl)-carbonyl]- L-lysine (HTPL) is a novel newly synthesized compound intended to be used for the chelation of lead in intoxicated animals. Subchronic lead intoxication experiments were carried out on Wistar male rats; these rats were intoxicated with lead and then treated with HTPL. Results were compared with those obtained with known compounds used for lead chelation therapy, such as disodium ethylnediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccininc acid (DMSA), using different routes of administration. Biological samples of whole blood and urine were collected and analyzed for urinary proporphyrins, δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, and zinc protoporphyrin. Results revealed that HTPL can remarkably reverse the toxic effects of lead intoxication at biochemical levels. Additionally, results showed that this agent is as good or even more potent than calcium disodium ethylnediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccininc acid (DMSA) in reversing the toxic effect of lead. More importantly, HTPL was found effective when administrated intraperitoneally and orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah A Ata
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman-Jordan, 130 Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Kamal I Abu-Dari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
| | - Maha F Tutunji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammad S Mubarak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
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Dai J, Zhang L, Du X, Zhang P, Li W, Guo X, Li Y. Effect of Lead on Antioxidant Ability and Immune Responses of Crucian Carp. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 186:546-553. [PMID: 29594948 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of lead exposure on the antioxidant and immune responses of Crucian carp. Three hundred sixty healthy Crucian carp were randomly grouped into four groups and exposed to different doses of lead (0, 0.05, 0.5, and 1 mg/L). Fish were sampled at 30 and 60 days, respectively, and antioxidant capability, immune parameters, ALAD activity, and immune-related genes were assessed. The results showed that T-AOC and GSH activities of the liver were significantly increased in 60 days (P < 0.05); the activities of SOD, CAT, T-AOC, and GSH were significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared to the control in the kidney in 60 days. With an increase in Pb dose, the activity and expression of lysozyme and the content of immunoglobulin M were significantly decreased compared to the control. Compared with the control group, the activity of ALAD in the lead-exposed group decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The expression of the HSP70, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-10), and immunoglobulin M genes was all enhanced in lead-exposed group, whereas lysozyme gene expression was decreased. The results indicated that lead induced oxidative stress and had immunotoxic effects on Crucian carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Linbo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Health monitoring and inspection center of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Wei Li
- China-Japan union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Xiyao Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yuehong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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11
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Klimaczewski CV, Nogara PA, Barbosa NV, da Rocha JBT. Interaction of metals from group 10 (Ni, Pd, and Pt) and 11 (Cu, Ag, and Au) with human blood δ-ALA-D: in vitro and in silico studies. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:30557-30566. [PMID: 30173384 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) is a metalloenzyme, which requires Zn(II) and reduced thiol groups for catalytic activity, and is an important molecular target for the widespread environmental toxic metals. The δ-ALA-D inhibition mechanism by metals of Group 10 (Ni, Pd, and Pt) and 11 (Cu, Ag, and Au) of the periodic table has not yet been determined. The objective of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanism of δ-ALA-D inhibition caused by the elements of groups 10 and 11 using in vitro (δ-ALA-D activity from human erythrocytes) and in silico (docking simulations) methods. Our results showed that Ni(II) and Pd(II) caused a small inhibition (~ 10%) of the δ-ALA-D. Pt(II) and Pt(IV) significantly inhibited the enzyme (75% and 44%, respectively), but this inhibition was attenuated by Zn(II) and dithiothreitol (DTT). In group 11, all metals inhibited δ-ALA-D with great potency (~ 70-90%). In the presence of Zn(II) and DTT, the enzyme activity was restored to the control levels. The in silico molecular docking data suggest that the coordination of the ions Pt(II), Pt(IV), Cu(II), Ag(I), and Au(III) with thiolates groups from C135 and C143 residues from the δ-ALA-D active site are crucial to the enzyme inhibition. The results indicate that a possible mechanism of inhibition of δ-ALA-D by these metals may involve the replacement of the Zn(II) from the active site and/or the cysteinyl residue oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Vargas Klimaczewski
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Pablo Andrei Nogara
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Santa Maria, RS, 97115-900, Brazil.
| | - Nilda Vargas Barbosa
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Santa Maria, RS, 97115-900, Brazil.
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Ameeramja J, Raghunath A, Perumal E. Tamarind seed coat extract restores fluoride-induced hematological and biochemical alterations in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:26157-26166. [PMID: 29971746 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride (F-) is becoming an ineluctable environmental pollutant causing deleterious effects in humans. In the present study, we examined whether tamarind seed coat extract (TSCE) is beneficial against the F--induced systemic toxicity and hematological changes. Wistar rats were randomly grouped as follows: group I served as control; group II intoxicated with sodium fluoride (NaF, 300 ppm) in drinking water; group III was administered through oral intubation with TSCE (100 mg/kg bw); group IV was treated with NaF (300 ppm) in association with TSCE (100 mg/kg bw) for 30 days. The results indicated that F- exposure induced oxidative stress as evidenced by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in the brain, liver, and kidney. F- administration modulates hematological indices-WBC, RBC, and mean corpuscular volume. Moreover, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase, and monoamine oxidase significantly increased on F- exposure. Conversely, δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and glutathione/reduced glutathione ratio were decreased. Activity of antioxidants-superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and vitamin C-was also significantly decreased due to F- administration. Treatment with TSCE effectively mitigated the alterations through its antioxidant potential. The data suggested that the TSCE had beneficial effects in alleviating the F--induced toxicity and hence can serve as a promising neutraceutical agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaishabanu Ameeramja
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641 046, India
| | - Azhwar Raghunath
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641 046, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641 046, India.
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Olakkaran S, Antony A, Kizhakke Purayil A, Tilagul Kumbar S, Hunasanahally Puttaswamygowda G. Lead modulated Heme synthesis inducing oxidative stress mediated Genotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Sci Total Environ 2018; 634:628-639. [PMID: 29635205 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of lead (Pb) modulated heme synthesis pathway induced oxidative stress mediated genotoxicity using standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses of Drosophila melanogaster was addressed in the present study. Third instar larvae derived from the ST or HB crosses were reared in sub lethal concentrations of lead acetate (PbAc) treated food media and showed that Pb was readily taken up and accumulated in the said crosses. Pb modulated heme synthesis was evident by significant reductions of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and increased accumulation of δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA). The results have also demonstrated that Pb induced oxidative stress by overproducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) and depletion of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST). Wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) using ST and HB crosses revealed that Pb is mutagenic and weakly recombinogenic. By employing larval hemocytes, there was an increase in percent of tail DNA in alkaline comet compared to that of neutral comet revealing the DNA single strand breaks were the products of Pb modulated heme synthesis pathway induced oxidative free radicals. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that Pb modulated heme synthesis pathway induces oxidative stress that mediates the genotoxicity in D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Olakkaran
- Department of Animal Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Padannakkad, 671 314 Kasaragod, Kerala, India
| | - Anet Antony
- Department of Animal Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Padannakkad, 671 314 Kasaragod, Kerala, India
| | - Anupama Kizhakke Purayil
- Department of Animal Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Padannakkad, 671 314 Kasaragod, Kerala, India
| | - Siddanna Tilagul Kumbar
- Department of Animal Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Padannakkad, 671 314 Kasaragod, Kerala, India
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Aouini F, Trombini C, Volland M, Elcafsi M, Blasco J. Assessing lead toxicity in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum: Bioaccumulation and biochemical responses. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 158:193-203. [PMID: 29702460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a non-essential metal. Its occurrence in the environment is related principally to anthropogenic contamination. Pb is toxic to aquatic organisms and can provoke damage to membranes and inhibit the activity of essential enzymes. The filter-feeding, Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum is widely used as a biomonitor organism to assess metal toxicity. Among biomarkers related to the Pb toxicity, the enzymatic activity of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) has been adopted as a specific tool. Metallothionein (MT), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzymes activities, such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxidase dismutase (SOD) have also been employed to assess the toxic effect of metals. Two target tissues, the gills and the digestive gland, were selected to examine biomarker responses. In order to assess the effects of Pb accumulation and the mechanisms involved in the recovery from it, clams were exposed at two Pb levels (10 and 100 µg/L) for 7 days and were later maintained in clean water for 7 days as a depuration period. Pb accumulation was dependent on the exposure concentration and higher Pb levels were observed in the gills compared to the digestive gland. Inhibition of δ-ALAD, GST and SOD and the induction of MT and LPO over the exposure period were observed in the gills and the digestive gland of R. philippinarum. The depuration period showed a continuous inhibition of the δ-ALAD activity and induction of MT and LPO in both tissues. These results demonstrate that lead induced an exposure effect and the 7 days of depuration were not sufficient to recover the basal health status of the clams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Aouini
- Research Unit of Ecophysiology and Aquatic Environment, Sciences Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia; Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Rio San Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Chiara Trombini
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Rio San Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Moritz Volland
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Rio San Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Mhamed Elcafsi
- Research Unit of Ecophysiology and Aquatic Environment, Sciences Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Julian Blasco
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Rio San Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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15
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Olson AJ, Cyphers T, Gerrish G, Belby C, King-Heiden TC. Using morphological, behavioral, and molecular biomarkers in Zebrafish to assess the toxicity of lead-contaminated sediments from a retired trapshooting range within an urban wetland. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2018; 81:924-938. [PMID: 30102137 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1506958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of lead (Pb) shot in shooting activities, including at former shooting ranges, continues to pose environmental risks. The La Crosse River Marsh (located in Wisconsin, USA) is a biologically diverse urban riparian wetland with a legacy of Pb-contaminated sediment resulting from its use as a trap shooting range from 1929-1963. Within the shot fall zone, shot densities exceed 43,000 pellets/m2 and surface sediments exceed 25,000 mg/kg in some areas. This study used the Zebrafish as a model to determine the acute toxicity of these contaminated sediments. Zebrafish were exposed to sediments containing approximately 13 to 13,450 mg/kg Pb for 5 days (8-120 hr post-fertilization). The toxic responses to sediments were non-monotonic. Only exposure to sediments containing "mid-range" concentrations of Pb (4580 mg/kg) induced mild skeletal malformations and a sluggish C-start response indicating that Pb was marginally bioavailable. Expression of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) also indicated the potential for uptake of Pb from sediments. Our findings suggest that Pb within the La Crosse River Marsh sediments is not readily bioavailable to Zebrafish, and while this metal poses a minimal acute toxicological risk, toxicity due to chronic exposure of low concentrations of Pb is possible. Further, our data demonstrated that induction of ALA-D gene expression in Zebrafish embryos shows promise as an alternative to ALA-D enzyme activity as a biomarker for acute Pb exposure under lab conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Olson
- a Department of Biology , University of Wisconsin La Crosse , La Crosse , USA
| | - Trevor Cyphers
- a Department of Biology , University of Wisconsin La Crosse , La Crosse , USA
| | - Gretchen Gerrish
- a Department of Biology , University of Wisconsin La Crosse , La Crosse , USA
- b UWL River Studies Center , La Crosse , WI
| | - Colin Belby
- b UWL River Studies Center , La Crosse , WI
- c Department of Geography and Earth Science , La Crosse , WI
| | - Tisha C King-Heiden
- a Department of Biology , University of Wisconsin La Crosse , La Crosse , USA
- b UWL River Studies Center , La Crosse , WI
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16
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Bhardwaj P, Jain K, Dhawan DK. Lithium Treatment Aggregates the Adverse Effects on Erythrocytes Subjected to Arsenic Exposure. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 184:206-213. [PMID: 28988373 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of lithium treatment on red blood cells which were given arsenic exposure. Long-term lithium therapy is being extensively used for the treatment of bipolar disorders. Arsenic is a group I carcinogen and a major toxic pollutant in drinking water that affects millions of people worldwide. Male SD rats were segregated into four groups, viz. normal control, lithium treated, arsenic treated, and lithium + arsenic treated. Lithium was supplemented as lithium carbonate at a dose level of 1.1 g/kg diet for a period of 8 weeks. Arsenic was given in the form of sodium arsenite at a dose level of 100 ppm in drinking water, ad libitum, for the same period. Lysates of red blood cells were used to investigate the effects of lithium and arsenic treatments on anti-oxidant enzymes, reduced glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels. Various hematological parameters, activities of Na+ K+ ATPase and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) were also assessed. A significant reduction was observed in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, GSH levels, total erythrocyte counts, Na+ K+ ATPase, and ALAD enzyme activities in lysates of red blood cells when exposed either to lithium or arsenic. In addition, a significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), lymphocytes, neutrophils, and total leukocytes was also observed following lithium as well as arsenic treatments. However, when arsenic-treated rats were subjected to lithium treatment, a pronounced alteration was noticed in all the above parameters. Therefore, we conclude that lithium supplementation to the arsenic-treated rats enhances the adverse effects on red blood cells and therefore use of lithium may not be medicated to patients who are vulnerable to arsenic exposure through drinking water. It can also be inferred that adverse effects of lithium therapy may get aggravated in patients thriving in the arsenic-contaminated area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Bhardwaj
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University Chandigarh, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Kinnri Jain
- Centre of Nuclear Medicine, Panjab University Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
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17
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Klimczak M, Darago A, Bruchajzer E, Domeradzka-Gajda K, Stepnik M, Kuzajska K, Kilanowicz A. The effects of hexachloronaphthalene on selected parameters of heme biosynthesis and systemic toxicity in female wistar rats after 90-day oral exposure. Environ Toxicol 2018; 33:695-705. [PMID: 29663608 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hexachloronaphthalenes (HxCNs) are the most toxic congeners of polychlorinated naphthalenes, a group of compounds lately included into the list of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This study presents the effects of 90-day intragastric administration of HxCN to female Wistar rats at doses of 0.03, 0.1, and 0.3 mg/kg body weight. The study examined selected parameters of the heme synthesis pathway, oxidative stress, hepatic cytochromes level, and basic hematology indicators. A micronucleus test was also performed. The subchronic exposure of rats to HxCN resulted in disruption of heme biosynthesis, hematological disturbances, and hepatotoxicity. The highest dose of HxCN inhibited aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) and uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (URO-D). Accumulation of higher carboxylated porphyrins in the liver and increased excretion of 5-aminolevulinic acid in the urine was observed after a dose of 0.1 mg/kg body weight. The most sensitive effect of HxCN in rats was very strong induction of hepatic CYP1A1 activity, which was observed after the lowest dose. The highest dose of HxCN induced significant thrombocytopenia, thymic atrophy and hepatotoxicity, expressed as hepatomegaly and hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Klimczak
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, Lodz, 90-151, Poland
| | - Adam Darago
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, Lodz, 90-151, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Bruchajzer
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, Lodz, 90-151, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Domeradzka-Gajda
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Sw. Teresy 8, Lodz, 91-348, Poland
| | - Maciej Stepnik
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Sw. Teresy 8, Lodz, 91-348, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kuzajska
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, Lodz, 90-151, Poland
| | - Anna Kilanowicz
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, Lodz, 90-151, Poland
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18
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Sadaf S, Siddiqui AA, Ansari MA. Role of ALAD and VDR genotypes on the association of low blood lead level with serum uric acid and blood pressure in automobile paint workers of Karachi, Pakistan. Pak J Pharm Sci 2017; 30:2223-2231. [PMID: 29175793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lead is an environmental pollutant having nephrotoxic effects even at low level. Its continuous exposure is associated with increased serum uric acid level that resulting in renal insufficiency. This research was conducted to see the effects of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genotypes on biochemical parameters and blood pressure (BP) of automobile workers having low blood lead level (BLL) with continuous lead exposure. Automobile paints workers with ALAD 1-2 genotype showed the positive association of BLL with diastolic BP (p<0.05) whereas, a genotypic combination of ALAD 1-2/VDR BB showed the negative association of serum uric acid with BLL (p<0.05). Similarly negative effects of VDR BB genotype (p<0.01) and ALAD 1-2 genotype (p<0.05) were observed in the association of serum uric acid with BLL at the mean age ≥30 years. This suggests that automobile paint workers having ALAD 1-2 genotypes are at the risk of increased diastolic BP. The research also foretells that combination of ALAD 1-2/VDR BB may play a significant role against lead induced nephrotoxicity at low BLL with continuous lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Sadaf
- Department of Genetics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Afaq Ahmed Siddiqui
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Chai Q, Shang X, Wu S, Zhu G, Cheng C, Cai C, Wang X, Guo W. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Gene Dosage Affects Programmed Cell Death and Immunity. Plant Physiol 2017; 175:511-528. [PMID: 28751313 PMCID: PMC5580774 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is an important form to protect plants from pathogen attack. However, plants must precisely control the PCD process under microbe attacks to avoid detrimental effects. The complexity of how plants balance the defense activation and PCD requires further clarification. Lesion mimic mutants constitute an excellent material to study the crosstalk between them. Here, we identified a Gossypium hirsutum (cotton) lesion mimic mutant (Ghlmm), which exhibits necrotic leaf damage and enhanced disease resistance. Map-based cloning demonstrated that GhLMMD, encoding 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and located on chromosome D5, was responsible for the phenotype. The mutant was resulted from a nonsense mutation within the coding region of GhLMMD It exhibited an overaccumulation of the 5-aminolevulinic acid, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species and salicylic acid, along with constitutive expression of pathogenesis-related genes and enhanced resistance to the Verticillium dahliae infection. Interestingly, GhLMM plays a dosage-dependent role in regulating PCD of cotton leaves and resistance to V. dahliae infection. This study provides a new strategy on the modulation of plant immunity, particularly in polyploidy plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoguang Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guozhong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chaoze Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Caiping Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wangzhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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La-Llave-León O, Méndez-Hernández EM, Castellanos-Juárez FX, Esquivel-Rodríguez E, Vázquez-Alaniz F, Sandoval-Carrillo A, García-Vargas G, Duarte-Sustaita J, Candelas-Rangel JL, Salas-Pacheco JM. Association between Blood Lead Levels and Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase in Pregnant Women. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 14:ijerph14040432. [PMID: 28420209 PMCID: PMC5409633 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14040432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Blood lead levels (BLLs) and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity are considered biomarkers of lead exposure and lead toxicity, respectively. The present study was designed to investigate the association between BLLs and ALAD activity in pregnant women from Durango, Mexico. A total of 633 pregnant women aged 13–43 years participated in this study. Blood lead was measured by a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. ALAD activity was measured spectrophotometrically. Mean blood lead was 2.09 ± 2.34 µg/dL; and 26 women (4.1%) crossed the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommended level of 5 µg/dL. ALAD activity was significantly lower in women with levels of lead ≥5 µg/dL compared to those with BLLs < 5 µg/dL (p = 0.002). To reduce the influence of extreme values on the statistical analysis, BLLs were analyzed by quartiles. A significant negative correlation between blood lead and ALAD activity was observed in the fourth quartile of BLLs (r = −0.113; p < 0.01). Among women with blood lead concentrations ≥2.2 µg/dL ALAD activity was negatively correlated with BLLs (r = −0.413; p < 0.01). Multiple linear regression demonstrated that inhibition of ALAD in pregnant women may occur at levels of lead in blood above 2.2 µg/dL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmel La-Llave-León
- Institute of Scientific Research, Juarez University of the State of Durango, AV. Universidad y Fanny Anitua s/n. Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
| | - Edna M Méndez-Hernández
- Institute of Scientific Research, Juarez University of the State of Durango, AV. Universidad y Fanny Anitua s/n. Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
| | - Francisco X Castellanos-Juárez
- Institute of Scientific Research, Juarez University of the State of Durango, AV. Universidad y Fanny Anitua s/n. Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
| | - Eloísa Esquivel-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Cuauhtemoc, 223 North, Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
| | | | - Ada Sandoval-Carrillo
- Institute of Scientific Research, Juarez University of the State of Durango, AV. Universidad y Fanny Anitua s/n. Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
| | - Gonzalo García-Vargas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Gomez Palacio la Salle 1 y Sixto Ugalde, s/n, Col. Revolucion, C. P. 35050 Gomez Palacio, Durango, Mexico.
| | - Jaime Duarte-Sustaita
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Gomez Palacio la Salle 1 y Sixto Ugalde, s/n, Col. Revolucion, C. P. 35050 Gomez Palacio, Durango, Mexico.
| | - Jorge L Candelas-Rangel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Gomez Palacio la Salle 1 y Sixto Ugalde, s/n, Col. Revolucion, C. P. 35050 Gomez Palacio, Durango, Mexico.
| | - José M Salas-Pacheco
- Institute of Scientific Research, Juarez University of the State of Durango, AV. Universidad y Fanny Anitua s/n. Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
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Izaguirry AP, Soares MB, Vargas LM, Spiazzi CC, Dos Santos Brum D, Noremberg S, Mendez ASL, Santos FW. Blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) extract ameliorates ovarian damage induced by subchronic cadmium exposure in mice: Potential δ-ALA-D involvement. Environ Toxicol 2017; 32:188-196. [PMID: 26663770 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Females are born with a finite number of oocyte-containing follicles and ovary damage results in reduced fertility. Cadmium accumulates in the reproductive system, damaging it, and the cigarette smoke is a potential exposure route. Natural therapies are relevant to health benefits and disease prevention. This study verified the effect of cadmium exposure on the ovaries of mice and the blueberry extract as a potential therapy. Blueberry therapy was effective in restoring reactive species levels and δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity, and partially improved the viability of cadmium-disrupted follicles. This therapy was not able to restore the 17 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. Extract HPLC evaluation indicated the presence of quercetin, quercitrin, isoquercetin, and ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid was the major substance and its concentration was 620.24 µg/mL. Thus, cadmium accumulates in the ovaries of mice after subchronic exposure, inducing cellular damage, and the blueberry extract possesses antioxidant properties that could protect, at least in part, the ovarian tissue from cadmium toxicity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 188-196, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryele Pinto Izaguirry
- Laboratório De Biotecnologia Da Reprodução (Biotech), Campus Uruguaiana, Universidade Federal Do Pampa, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Melina Bucco Soares
- Laboratório De Biotecnologia Da Reprodução (Biotech), Campus Uruguaiana, Universidade Federal Do Pampa, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Laura Musacchio Vargas
- Laboratório De Biotecnologia Da Reprodução (Biotech), Campus Uruguaiana, Universidade Federal Do Pampa, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Chiapinotto Spiazzi
- Laboratório De Biotecnologia Da Reprodução (Biotech), Campus Uruguaiana, Universidade Federal Do Pampa, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniela Dos Santos Brum
- Laboratório De Biotecnologia Da Reprodução (Biotech), Campus Uruguaiana, Universidade Federal Do Pampa, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Simone Noremberg
- Laboratório De Biotecnologia Da Reprodução (Biotech), Campus Uruguaiana, Universidade Federal Do Pampa, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento De Química, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andreas Sebastian Loureiro Mendez
- Laboratório De Desenvolvimento E Controle De Qualidade De Medicamentos (LDCQ), Campus Uruguaiana, Universidade Federal Do Pampa, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Faculdade De Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, CEP 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Francielli Weber Santos
- Laboratório De Biotecnologia Da Reprodução (Biotech), Campus Uruguaiana, Universidade Federal Do Pampa, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Manoj Kumar V, Henley AK, Nelson CJ, Indumati O, Prabhakara Rao Y, Rajanna S, Rajanna B. Protective effect of Allium sativum (garlic) aqueous extract against lead-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain, liver, and kidney. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:1544-1552. [PMID: 27785721 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7923-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the ameliorative activity of Allium sativum against lead-induced oxidative stress in the brain, liver, and kidney of male rats. Four groups of male Wistar strain rats (100-120 g) were taken: group 1 received 1000 mg/L sodium acetate and group 2 was given 1000 mg/L lead acetate through drinking water for 2 weeks. Group 3 and 4 were treated with 250 mg/kg body weight/day of A. sativum and 500 mg/kg body weight/day of A. sativum, respectively, by oral intubation for a period of 2 weeks along with lead acetate. The rats were sacrificed after treatment and the brain, liver, and kidney were isolated on ice. In the brain, four important regions namely the hippocampus, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and brain stem were separated and used for the present investigation. Blood was also drawn by cardiac puncture and preserved in heparinized vials at 4 °C for estimation of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity. The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation products (LPP), total protein carbonyl content (TPCC), and lead in the selected brain regions, liver, and kidney of lead-exposed group compared with their respective controls. Blood delta-ALAD activity showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the lead-exposed rats. However, the concomitant administration of A. sativum resulted in tissue-specific recovery of oxidative stress parameters namely ROS, LPP, and TPCC. A. sativum treatment also restored the blood delta-ALAD activity back to control. Overall, our results indicate that A. sativum administration could be an effective antioxidant treatment strategy for lead-induced oxidative insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Manoj Kumar
- Division of Animal Physiology and Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India
| | - A K Henley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS, USA
| | - C J Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS, USA
| | - O Indumati
- Division of Animal Physiology and Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India
| | - Y Prabhakara Rao
- Division of Animal Physiology and Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India.
| | - S Rajanna
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS, USA
| | - B Rajanna
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS, USA
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Naik H, Stoecker M, Sanderson SC, Balwani M, Desnick RJ. Experiences and concerns of patients with recurrent attacks of acute hepatic porphyria: A qualitative study. Mol Genet Metab 2016; 119:278-283. [PMID: 27595545 PMCID: PMC5083146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The acute hepatic porphyrias (AHPs) are rare inborn errors of heme biosynthesis, characterized clinically by life-threatening acute neurovisceral attacks. Patients with recurrent attacks have a decreased quality of life (QoL); however, no interactive assessment of these patients' views has been reported. We conducted guided discussions regarding specific topics, to explore patients' disease experience and its impact on their lives. METHODS Sixteen AHP patients experiencing acute attacks were recruited to moderator-led online focus groups. Five groups (3-4 patients each) were conducted and thematic analyses to identify, examine, and categorize patterns in the data was performed. RESULTS All patients identified prodromal symptoms that began days prior to acute severe pain; the most common included confusion ("brain fog"), irritability, and fatigue. Patients avoided hospitalization due to prior poor experiences with physician knowledge of AHPs or their treatment. All patients used complementary and alternative medicine treatments to avoid hospitalization or manage chronic pain and 81% reported varying degrees of effectiveness. All patients indicated their disease impacted personal relationships due to feelings of isolation and difficulty adjusting to the disease's limitations. CONCLUSION Patients with recurrent attacks recognize prodromal warning symptoms, attempt to avoid hospitalization, turn to alternative treatments, and have markedly impaired QoL. Counseling and individualized support is crucial for AHP patients with recurrent attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetanshi Naik
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, Unites States.
| | - Mikayla Stoecker
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, Unites States.
| | - Saskia C Sanderson
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, Unites States.
| | - Manisha Balwani
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, Unites States.
| | - Robert J Desnick
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, Unites States.
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24
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Vallverdú-Coll N, Mougeot F, Ortiz-Santaliestra ME, Rodriguez-Estival J, López-Antia A, Mateo R. Lead exposure reduces carotenoid-based coloration and constitutive immunity in wild mallards. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016; 35:1516-25. [PMID: 26551027 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ingestion of spent lead (Pb) from ammunition is a known cause of mortality in waterfowl, but little is known about sublethal effects produced by Pb poisoning on birds, especially in wild populations. The authors studied potential sublethal effects associated with Pb exposure in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) from the Ebro delta (northeastern Spain) after a ban on Pb ammunition. They analyzed the relationships between blood Pb levels and oxidative stress, immune response, and carotenoid-based coloration, which are known to be influenced by oxidative stress. Levels of Pb were reduced by half from 6 yr to 9 yr after the ban. Lipid peroxidation was positively related to Pb levels in females. The δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity was suppressed by Pb exposure and negatively associated with the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Carotenoid levels were positively associated with blood Pb concentration in both sexes, and males with higher Pb levels presented a less intense coloration in legs and beak. Levels of Pb were positively related to hemolytic activity of circulating immune system components and negatively related to lysozyme levels. In summary, Pb exposure was associated in a gender-specific way with increased oxidative stress, consequences on color expression, and impaired constitutive immunity. In females, antioxidants seemed to be allocated mostly in reproduction rather than in self-maintenance, whereas males seemed to better maintain oxidative balance to the detriment of coloration. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1516-1525. © 2015 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - François Mougeot
- Institute of Research in Game Resources, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Manuel E Ortiz-Santaliestra
- Institute of Research in Game Resources, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | | | - Ana López-Antia
- Institute of Research in Game Resources, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Institute of Research in Game Resources, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
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25
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De Lucca L, Rodrigues F, Jantsch LB, Neme WS, Gallarreta FMP, Gonçalves TL. Oxidative Profile and δ-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity in Healthy Pregnant Women with Iron Supplementation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13:ijerph13050463. [PMID: 27153075 PMCID: PMC4881088 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13050463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An oxidative burst occurs during pregnancy due to the large consumption of oxygen in the tissues and an increase in metabolic demands in response to maternal physiological changes and fetal growth. This study aimed to determine the oxidative profile and activity of δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) in pregnant women who received iron supplementation. Oxidative stress parameters were evaluated in 25 pregnant women with iron supplementation, 25 pregnant women without supplementation and 25 non-pregnant women. The following oxidative stress parameters were evaluated: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein thiol groups (P-SH), non-protein thiol levels (NP-SH), vitamin C levels, catalase and δ-ALA-D activity. Markers of oxidative stress and cell damage, such as TBARS in plasma were significantly higher in pregnant women without supplementation. Levels of P-SH, NP-SH and δ-ALA-D activity were significantly lower in pregnant women without supplementation compared to non-pregnant and pregnant women with supplementation, while vitamin C levels were significantly lower in pregnant women without supplementation when compared to non-pregnant women. The increase in the generation of oxidative species and decrease of antioxidants suggest the loss of physiological oxidative balance during normal pregnancy, which was not observed in pregnant women with iron supplementation, suggesting a protective effect of iron against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leidiane De Lucca
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Fabiane Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Letícia B Jantsch
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Walter S Neme
- Departamet of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Francisco M P Gallarreta
- Departamet of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Thissiane L Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
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Oliveira VA, Oliveira CS, Mesquita M, Pedroso TF, Costa LM, Fiuza TDL, Pereira ME. Zinc and N-acetylcysteine modify mercury distribution and promote increase in hepatic metallothionein levels. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 32:183-8. [PMID: 26302927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the ability of zinc (Zn) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in preventing the biochemical alterations caused by mercury (Hg) and the retention of this metal in different organs. Adult female rats received ZnCl2 (27mg/kg) and/or NAC (5mg/kg) or saline (0.9%) subcutaneously and after 24h they received HgCl2 (5mg/kg) or saline (0.9%). Twenty-four hours after, they were sacrificed and analyses were performed. Hg inhibited hepatic, renal, and blood δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) activity, decreased renal total thiol levels, as well as increased serum creatinine and urea levels and aspartate aminotransferase activity. HgCl2-exposed groups presented an important retention of Hg in all the tissues analyzed. All pre-treatments demonstrated tendency in preventing hepatic δ-ALA-D inhibition, whereas only ZnCl2 showed this effect on blood enzyme. Moreover, the combination of these compounds completely prevented liver and blood Hg retention. The exposure to Zn and Hg increased hepatic metallothionein levels. These results show that Zn and NAC presented promising effects against the toxicity caused by HgCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Antunes Oliveira
- Post-Graduate Course in Biological Science - Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira
- Post-Graduate Course in Biological Science - Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Mesquita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Taise Fonseca Pedroso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Machado Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago da Luz Fiuza
- Post-Graduate Course in Biological Science - Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Ester Pereira
- Post-Graduate Course in Biological Science - Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Marchiori RC, Pereira LAF, Naujorks AA, Rovaris DL, Meinerz DF, Duarte MMMF, Rocha JBT. Improvement of blood inflammatory marker levels in patients with hypothyroidism under levothyroxine treatment. BMC Endocr Disord 2015; 15:32. [PMID: 26100072 PMCID: PMC4476077 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-015-0032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several specific inflammatory and oxidative correlates among patients with hypothyroidism, but most studies are cross-sectional and do not evaluate the change in parameters during the treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of levothyroxine replacement therapy on biomarkers of oxidative stress (OS) and systemic inflammation in patients with hypothyroidism. METHODS In this prospective open-label study, 17 patients with recently diagnosed primary hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis who were not taking levothyroxine were included. The following parameters were measured before and at 6 and 12 months of levothyroxine treatment with an average dose of 1.5 to 1.7 μg/kg/day: thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-10, interferon gamma (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), activity of aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALA-D), nonprotein and total thiol (NP-SH and T-SH) groups, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) modeling was used to analyze the effects of LRT (at pre-treatment, 6 months and 12 months) on those variables. The hypothyroidism status (i.e., overt or subclinical hypothyroidism) was included as a confounder in all analyses. An additional GEE post hoc analysis was made to compare time points. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in TSH over time (P < 0.0001), (initial levels were on average 32.4 μIU/mL and 10.5 μIU/mL at 12 months). There was a significant increase in FT4 (P < 0.0001) (initial levels were on average 0,8 ng/dL and 2.7 ng/dL at 12 months). There were significant changes in interleukin levels over time, with a significant increase in IL-10 (P < 0.0001) and significant decreases in IL-1 (P < 0.0001), IL-6 (P < 0.0001), INF-γ (P < 0.0001) and TNF-α (P < 0.0001). No significant difference in hs-CRP over time was observed (P < 0.284). There was a significant reduction in NP-SH (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS This study observed significant changes in the inflammatory profile in hypothyroid patients under treatment, with reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and elevation of anti-inflammatory cytokine. In these patients, a decrease in low-grade chronic inflammation may have clinical relevance due to the known connection between chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseane C Marchiori
- Departamento de Clinica Médica, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitaria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Luiz A F Pereira
- Departamento de Clinica Médica, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitaria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre A Naujorks
- Serviço de Metodos Graficos, Hospital Universitario de Santa Maria, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitaria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Diego L Rovaris
- Departamento de Genetica, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Daiane F Meinerz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitaria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Marta M M F Duarte
- Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), campus Santa Maria, BR 287, Km 252, Trevo Maneco Pedroso, Boca do Monte, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, Cx. Postal 21834.
| | - João B T Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitaria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Kade IJ, Ogunbolude Y, Kamdem JP, Rocha JBT. Influence of gallic acid on oxidative stress-linked streptozotocin-induced pancreatic dysfunction in diabetic rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 25:35-45. [PMID: 23893682 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2012-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances in diabetic research involve the evaluation of agents that can regenerate or reverse pancreatic dysfunction. Although gallic acid (GA) has been reported as an antidiabetic agent, its ability to directly reverse altered biochemical parameters in diabetic pancreas has not been demonstrated. METHODS Male albino rats with diabetes induced by the administration of streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) were treated with oral administration of GA. Antioxidants (enzymatic and non-enzymatic), purinergic enzymes, δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and lactate dehydrogenase were evaluated in the pancreas of both diabetic and nondiabetic animals. RESULTS The pharmacological effect of GA was accompanied by a restoration of the observed decreased levels of vitamin C and reduced glutathione in the pancreas of STZ-treated rats. GA also caused a marked reduction in the high levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances observed in the STZ-induced diabetic group. Furthermore, GA also improves the free radical scavenging property, Fe2+ chelating ability and Fe3+ reducing property of the pancreas of diabetic animals. Finally, the inhibition of pancreatic catalase, glutathione S-transferase, δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and lactate dehydrogenase and increased activity of purinergic enzymes accompanied by hyperglycemia were prevented by GA in the pancreas. CONCLUSIONS The direct influence and consequent restoration of altered biochemical conditions in the pancreatic tissue of diabetic animal models by GA makes it a promising antidiabetic candidate especially in pancreatic cell regeneration.
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Yun L, Zhang W, Qin K. Relationship among maternal blood lead, ALAD gene polymorphism and neonatal neurobehavioral development. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:7277-7281. [PMID: 26261627 PMCID: PMC4525961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lead is a widely used heavy metal that can affect children's nervous system development. ALAD gene polymorphism is associated with lead neurotoxicity. This study aimed to clarify the relationship among maternal blood lead, ALAD gene polymorphism, and neonatal neurobehavioral development through detecting maternal blood lead and ALAD gene polymorphism. 198 maternal and neonatal were selected as the research object. Graphite furnace atomic absorption method was applied to detect the maternal blood lead concentration. PCR-RFLP was used to detect ALAD genotype distribution. Neonatal NANB score was treated as effect indicator. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. The ALAD genotype was 181 cases (91.4%) for ALAD11 and 17 cases (8.6%) for ALAD12. ALAD allele frequency distribution accords with genetics Hardy-Weinberg balance (P > 0.05). Blood lead level in maternal with ALAD12 genotype was significantly higher than with ALAD11 genotype (P < 0.01). NANB score in high blood lead neonatal group was obviously lower than the low blood lead group (P < 0.05). Newborn's NANB score from the maternal with ALAD11 genotype was lower than from the maternal with ALAD12 genotype (P < 0.01). After ruling out the confounding factors influence by multiple linear regressions, ALAD gene polymorphisms had no significant correlation with neonatal NANB score (P > 0.05). ALAD gene polymorphism is associated with the blood lead level. Low level lead exposure in utero may cause newborn early neurobehavioral maldevelopment. Maternal ALAD gene polymorphism can affect early neonatal neurobehavioral development by influencing the blood lead level.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Child Development/drug effects
- Developmental Disabilities/blood
- Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis
- Developmental Disabilities/enzymology
- Developmental Disabilities/genetics
- Female
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Lead/adverse effects
- Lead/blood
- Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Childhood/blood
- Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Childhood/diagnosis
- Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Childhood/enzymology
- Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Childhood/genetics
- Linear Models
- Maternal Exposure
- Maternal-Fetal Exchange
- Phenotype
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Porphobilinogen Synthase/genetics
- Porphobilinogen Synthase/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
- Risk Factors
- Spectrophotometry, Atomic
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yun
- Department of Neonatology, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang 453000, Henan, China
| | - Weixing Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang 453000, Henan, China
| | - Kejun Qin
- Clinical Laboratory, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang 453000, Henan, China
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Binkowski ŁJ, Sawicka-Kapusta K. Lead poisoning and its in vivo biomarkers in Mallard and Coot from two hunting activity areas in Poland. Chemosphere 2015; 127:101-8. [PMID: 25666052 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to present the status of lead (Pb) poisoning in birds from southern Poland and the evaluation of in vivo biomarkers which may be used in the diagnosis without killing animals. This included the activity of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-d), hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, hematocrit (Ht) level and concentrations of Pb in blood, feathers and excrements. The significance of this work is the use of hunted birds which allow us to compare the signals of the chosen biomarkers with the internal response. Birds collected in the area of lower hunting activity (the Milicz ponds) revealed statistically lower Pb concentrations than birds from the Zator area. Pb poisoning was diagnosed in almost 8% of birds (including specimens from both areas), but lead pellets were found in 3%. The highest tissue concentration found was noted in kidneys of Mallard from the Zator area (36.55 μg g(-1) d.w.). Significantly higher concentrations were noted in a few samples of gizzard content (up to 1047 μg g(-1) d.w.) and excrements (up to 82.95 μg g(-1) d.w.). Hb concentration, Ht level, concentrations in feathers and excrements seem not to be efficient biomarkers at noted Pb concentrations in internal tissues (brain, pectoral muscle, kidney, liver, spleen, bone). In contrast, we found a significant negative correlation between Pb concentration in blood and ALA-d activity which confirmed that this parameter can be used successfully as in vivo biomarker of lead poisoning also in low environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz J Binkowski
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Sawicka-Kapusta
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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Fernández B, Martínez-Gómez C, Benedicto J. Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity (ALA-D) in red mullet (Mullus barbatus) from Mediterranean waters as biomarker of lead exposure. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 115:209-216. [PMID: 25706085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) has been investigated as biomarker of lead (Pb) exposure in red mullet (Mullus barbatus) from the Spanish continental shelf. Concentrations of Pb and Zn in muscle and organosomatic indices were also measured to explore causality. Blood ALA-D assay conditions were optimized; the optimum pH for this species has been set to 6.5. Results showed that ALA-D activity ranged from 3.2 to 16.9 nmol PBGmin(-1)mg(-1). No significant differences on ALA-D levels between genders have been detected. ALA-D Baseline level and Background Assessment Criteria (BAC) for this species have been set to 9.1 and 6.6 nmol PBGmin(-1)mg(-1), respectively. There have been detected significant differences on ALA-D activity levels among areas, though the markedly low levels of Pb measured in fish muscle seemed not to be able to produce a relevant suppression on ALA-D. In spite of this, a weak inverse relationship detected between ALA-D and Pb concentrations pointed out the potential of this biomarker in red mullet to reflect Pb bioavailability in marine environment. Nevertheless, subsequent research on ALA-D in marine fish species is recommended to be limited to areas where environmental Pb is effectively accumulated by fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fernández
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain.
| | - C Martínez-Gómez
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - J Benedicto
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
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Jiao L, Wang L, Qiu Z, Wang Q, Zhou Q, Huang X. Effects of bisphenol A on chlorophyll synthesis in soybean seedlings. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:5877-86. [PMID: 25352395 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3764-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), as an emerging environmental pollutant, is potentially harmful to plant growth. Chlorophyll (Chl) is critical in photosynthesis that provides matter and energy for plant growth. How BPA affects the chlorophyll content remains largely unknown. Here, the effects of BPA on Chl synthesis in soybean seedlings were investigated. Exposure to 1.5 mg/L BPA decreased the 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) content and increased protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), magnesium protoporphyrin, and protochlorophyll contents and 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase, porphobilinogen deaminase, uroporphyrinogen III synthase, uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase, and protoporphyrinogen oxidase activities. Exposure to 17.2 and 50.0 mg/L BPA exerted the opposite effects on these four intermediates and five enzymes. Following the withdrawal of BPA exposure, the aforementioned parameters gradually recovered, except magnesium protoporphyrin content in exposure to 50.0 mg/L BPA. Our findings revealed that exposure to low-concentration BPA increased the Chl content in soybean seedlings through improving Chl synthesis, especially the conversion from ALA to Proto IX, whereas exposure to high-concentration BPA decreased the Chl content through inhibiting Chl synthesis, especially the conversion from ALA to Proto IX. The dual effects of BPA were largely reversed following the withdrawal of BPA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, College of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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Vallverdú-Coll N, Ortiz-Santaliestra ME, Mougeot F, Vidal D, Mateo R. Sublethal Pb exposure produces season-dependent effects on immune response, oxidative balance and investment in carotenoid-based coloration in red-legged partridges. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:3839-50. [PMID: 25674808 DOI: 10.1021/es505148d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion of lead (Pb) shot pellets constitutes the main cause of Pb poisoning in avifauna. We studied the effects of sublethal Pb exposure on immunity, carotenoid-based coloration, oxidative stress and trade-offs among these types of responses during spring and autumn in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa). We evaluated constitutive immunity testing lysozyme and natural antibody levels, and blood bactericidal and phagocytic activities. We studied induced immunity by testing PHA and humoral responses. We analyzed fecal parasite and bacterial abundance and oxidative stress biomarkers. Pb exposure in spring reduced natural antibody levels, whereas in autumn, it reduced lysozyme levels and increased phagocytic activity. Pb exposure increased PHA response in both seasons, and decreased T-independent humoral response in autumn. Pb exposure also increased noncoliform and decreased coliform Gram-negative gut bacteria. In spring, Pb exposure decreased antioxidant levels and increased coloration in males, whereas in autumn, it increased retinol levels but reduced coloration in both genders. Our results suggest that in spring, Pb-exposed females used antioxidants to cope with oxidative stress at the expense of coloration, whereas Pb-exposed males increased coloration, which may reflect an increased breeding investment. In autumn, both genders prioritized oxidative balance maintenance at the expense of coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Vallverdú-Coll
- †Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Manuel E Ortiz-Santaliestra
- †Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- ‡Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau, Germany
| | - François Mougeot
- §Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (EEZA), CSIC, Ctra. De Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Dolors Vidal
- ∥Facultad de Medicina, UCLM, Edificio Polivalente, Camino de Moledores s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Rafael Mateo
- †Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Lee HW, Kim H, Ryuk JA, Kil KJ, Ko BS. Hemopoietic effect of extracts from constituent herbal medicines of Samul-tang on phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia in rats. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014; 7:6179-6185. [PMID: 25337267 PMCID: PMC4203238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Samul-tang (Si-Wu-Tang, SMT), a kind of herbal medicines, has been used for the hemato-deficient disease for hundreds of years. In this work, investigate the anti-anemia activity of the H2O extracts from constituent herbal medicines of Samul-tang in an anemia model induced by intravenous infection of phenylhydrazine-HCL (PHZ) at 10 mg/kg for 4 days. After PHZ injection, female Sparague-Dawley rats were administrated extracts from constituent herbal medicines of SMT (300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) daily for 1 week. Results showed that sever hemolysis was induced by PHZ. For Paeonia lactiflora (PL2) H2O extract treated groups, the concentration of hemoglobin, hematocrit and red blood cells number increased much more significantly than PHZ-treated group. Moreover, Angelica gigas (AG), Angelica. acutiloba (AA), Paeonia lactiflora (PL2) and Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) extract administration significantly improved serum erythropoietin concentration. The activity of aminolevulinic acid dehydrates (ALDL) in liver homegenate was increased in Angelica gigas(AA), Paeonia lactiflora (PL2) and Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) treated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Lee
- Korean Medicine Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojun Kim
- Korean Medicine Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ah Ryuk
- Korean Medicine Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jung Kil
- College of Oriental Medicine, Joongbu University Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Seob Ko
- Korean Medicine Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Republic of Korea
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35
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Eeva T, Rainio M, Berglund Å, Kanerva M, Stauffer J, Stöwe M, Ruuskanen S. Experimental manipulation of dietary lead levels in great tit nestlings: limited effects on growth, physiology and survival. Ecotoxicology 2014; 23:914-928. [PMID: 24700183 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We manipulated dietary lead (Pb) levels of nestlings in wild populations of the great tit (Parus major L) to find out if environmentally relevant Pb levels would affect some physiological biomarkers (haematocrit [HT], fecal corticosterone metabolites [CORT], heat shock proteins [HSPs], erythrocyte delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity [ALAd]), growth (body mass, wing length), phenotype (plumage coloration) or survival of nestlings. The responses to three experimental manipulation (control, low and high: 0, 1 and 4 μg/g body mass/day) are compared with those in a P. major population breeding in the vicinity of a heavy metal source, a copper smelter. Our Pb supplementation was successful in raising the fecal concentrations to the levels found in polluted environments (high: 8.0 μg/g d.w.). Despite relatively high range of exposure levels we found only few effects on growth rates or physiology. The lack of blood ALAd inhibition suggests that the circulating Pb levels were generally below the toxic level despite that marked accumulation of Pb in femur (high: 27.8 μg/g d.w.) was observed. Instead, birds in the metal polluted environment around the smelter showed decreased growth rates, lower HT, higher CORT, less colorful plumage and lower survival probabilities than any of the Pb treated groups. These effects are likely related to decreased food quality/quantity for these insectivorous birds at the smelter site. In general, the responses of nestlings to metal exposure and/or associated resource limitation were not gender specific. One of the stress proteins (HSP60), however, was more strongly induced in Pb exposed males and further studies are needed to explore if this was due to higher accumulation of Pb or higher sensitivity of males. In all, our results emphasize the importance of secondary pollution effects (e.g. via food chain disruption) on reproductive output of birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapio Eeva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,
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36
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Olalekan Abolaji A, Paul Kamdem J, Henrique Lugokenski T, Kalar Nascimento T, Pansera Waczuk E, Olatunde Farombi E, da Silva Loreto ÉL, Teixeira Rocha JB. Involvement of oxidative stress in 4-vinylcyclohexene-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 71:99-108. [PMID: 24681254 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
4-Vinylcyclohexene (VCH) is a dimer of 1,3-butadiene produced as a by-product of pesticides, plastic, rubber, flame retardants, and tire production. Although, several studies have reported the ovotoxicity of VCH, information on a possible involvement of oxidative stress in the toxicity of this occupational chemical is scarce. Hence, this study was carried out to investigate further possible mechanisms of toxicity of VCH with a specific emphasis on oxidative stress using a Drosophila melanogaster model. D. melanogaster (both genders) of 1 to 3 days old were exposed to different concentrations of VCH (10 µM-1 mM) in the diet for 5 days. Subsequently, the survival and negative geotaxis assays and the quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were determined. In addition, we evaluated RT-PCR expressions of selected oxidative stress and antioxidant mRNA genes (HSP27, 70, and 83, SOD, Nrf-2, MAPK2, and catalase). Furthermore, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALA-D), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were determined. VCH exposure impaired negative geotaxic behavior and induced the mRNA of SOD, Nrf-2, and MAPK2 genes expressions. There were increases in catalase and ROS production, as well as inhibitions of GST, δ-ALA-D, and AChE activities (P<0.05). Our results suggest that the VCH mechanism of toxicity is associated with oxidative damage, as evidenced by the alteration in the oxidative stress-antioxidant balance, and possible neurotoxic consequences due to decreased AChE activity, and impairments in negative geotaxic behavior. Thus, we conclude that D. melanogaster is a useful model for investigating the toxicity of VCH exposure, and here, we have provided further insights on the mechanism of VCH-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Olalekan Abolaji
- Drug Metabolism and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Jean Paul Kamdem
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básica da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Thiago Henrique Lugokenski
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA - Campus Caçapava do Sul - RS - Brazil
| | - Thallita Kalar Nascimento
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Emily Pansera Waczuk
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ebenezer Olatunde Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Élgion Lúcio da Silva Loreto
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular - LabDros, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil.
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Nemat Alla MM, Hassan NM. Alleviation of isoproturon toxicity to wheat by exogenous application of glutathione. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2014; 112:56-62. [PMID: 24974118 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Treatment with the recommended field dose of isoproturon to 7-d-old wheat seedlings significantly decreased shoot height, fresh and dry weights during the subsequent 15days. Meanwhile contents of carotenoids, chlorophylls and anthocyanin as well as activities of δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALA-D), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL) were significantly inhibited. On the other hand, the herbicide significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA), a naturally occurring product of lipid peroxidation and H2O2, while it significantly decreased the contents of glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) and reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). These findings indicate an induction of a stress status in wheat seedlings following isoproturon treatment. However, exogenous GSH appeared to limit the toxic effects of isoproturon and seemed to overcome this stress status. Most likely, contents of pigment and activities of enzymes were raised to approximate control levels. Moreover, antioxidants were elevated and the oxidative stress indices seemed to be alleviated by GSH application. These results indicate that exogenous GSH enhances enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants to alleviate the effects of isoproturon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nemat M Hassan
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
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Oliveira CS, Favero AM, Franciscato C, da Luz SCA, Pereira ME. Distinct response of lactating and nonlactating rats exposed to inorganic mercury on hepatic δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 158:230-7. [PMID: 24634288 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9931-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated if lactating and nonlactating rats presented differences in relation to hepatic sensitivity to HgCl2 and the potential preventive role of ZnCl2. Lactating (days 3-12 of lactation) and nonlactating rats received 27 mg/kg ZnCl2 for five consecutive days and 5 mg/kg HgCl2 for five subsequent days. Lactating and nonlactating rats exposed to HgCl2 presented a decrease in food intake, a decrease in plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and an increase in hepatic Hg levels when compared to the control group. Only lactating rats exposed to HgCl2 presented an increase in hepatic δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity. On the other hand, only nonlactating rats exposed to HgCl2 presented an increase in plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST). ZnCl2 pre-exposure partially protected the increase in plasma AST activity presented by nonlactating rats and potentiated the liver Hg accumulation in lactating rats. Pups from the Sal-Hg and Zn-Hg groups showed a decrease in absolute liver weight and an increase in liver Hg levels. Summarizing, this study demonstrated that lactating rats presented distinct biochemical responses compared to nonlactating rats exposed to HgCl2 when hepatic parameters were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia S Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
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Huo X, Peng L, Qiu B, Zheng L, Yekeen TA, Xu X. ALAD genotypes and blood lead levels of neonates and children from e-waste exposure in Guiyu, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2014; 21:6744-50. [PMID: 24522397 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2596-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Extensive e-waste recycling activity in Guiyu, China, has been conducted using primitive techniques for the last 20 years, resulting in serious heavy metal environmental contamination. A polymorphic variant of the δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) gene has been found to influence lead uptake and, thus, may influence an individual's susceptibility to lead toxicity. We therefore explored whether the ALAD gene polymorphism affects blood lead levels of newborns and children in Guiyu. A total of 273 newborns and 504 children, and a combination of 2004/2005 and 2006 independent recruitments were used for this study. Umbilical cord blood from newborns (Guiyu/exposed group 189 vs. Chaonan/reference group 84) and venous blood from children (exposed group, 319 vs. Chendian/reference group 185) were collected. Blood lead levels (BLLs) were measured via graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) for all samples, while ALAD genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP for 273 neonate cord blood and 246 children's blood. The median BBLs of neonates in exposed group vs. the reference group were 10.50 (2.36-40.78) vs. 7.79 (0.8-19.51) for 2004/2005 and 9.41 (9.28-47.60) vs. 5.49 (0.35-18.68) for 2006, while child mean BLLs were 15.31 ± 5.79 vs. 9.94 ± 4.05 for 2004/2005 and 13.17 ± 5.98 vs. 10.04 ± 4.85 for 2006. The genotype frequencies in newborns were 98.90 % for the ALAD-1/ALAD-1 homozygote and 1.10% for the ALAD-1/ALAD-2 heterozygotes, while the values were 95.93 and 4.07%, respectively, in children. The allele frequencies of the ALAD-1 and ALAD-2 were 99.45 and 0.55% for newborns, but 97.97 and 2.03% for children, respectively. No significant differences in blood lead levels were found between ALAD-1/ALAD-1 and ALAD-1/ALAD-2 either in newborns or in children. The frequency distribution of the ALAD-2 allele in newborns from the exposed group was lower than that of the reference group. There were no significant differences, between the two different ALAD genotypes in the lead load of newborns and children. The frequency distribution of ALAD gene does not influence the blood lead levels of newborns and children in this case, which means that the higher lead burden in the exposed children was possibly influenced by e-waste recycling, but not ALAD genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Rd., Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Bonfanti G, Bona KSD, Lucca LD, Jantsch L, Pigatto AS, Boligon AA, Athayde ML, Moretto MB, Gonçalves TDL. Delta-ALA-D inhibitory potential and protective action of Syzygium jambos and Solanum guaraniticum leaf extracts on oxidatively stressed erythrocytes. Redox Rep 2014; 19:206-13. [PMID: 24725132 DOI: 10.1179/1351000214y.0000000092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of the leaf extracts of Syzygium jambos and Solanum guaraniticum on the δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) activity, their antioxidant activity and potential protective action on oxidatively stressed erythrocytes, in order to demonstrate the safety or toxicity of the plant. METHODS In erythrocyte samples, the effect of both extracts on δ-ALA-D activity, H2O2-induced oxidative stress, and 2,2'azobis (2-amidinopropane) (AAPH)-induced hemolysis was evaluated, as well as some antioxidant mechanisms. RESULTS Both extracts inhibited δ-ALA-D activity (S. guaraniticum > S. jambos), and an involvement of the zinc ion of the δ-ALA-D structure on the inhibition of enzyme activity was verified. S. jambos leaf extract showed marked efficiency in countering H2O2-induced lipid peroxidation and in maintaining cellular integrity against AAPH-induced hemolysis. Furthermore, S. jambos exhibited greater H2O2 scavenging activity and stronger reduction power than S. guaraniticum. DISCUSSION Both extracts bear potent antioxidant property as an important beneficial effect. However, the inhibition of δ-ALA-D activity suggests a possible harmful effect of these vegetal preparations and indicates the need for further investigation regarding their toxicological properties. All together, these data represent a significant contribution to the knowledge of these plants, both to the scientific community and to the folk medicine.
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Pawlas N, Broberg K, Skerfving S, Pawlas K. Disturbance of posture in children with very low lead exposure, and modification by VDR FokI genotype. Ann Agric Environ Med 2014; 21:739-744. [PMID: 25528913 DOI: 10.5604/12321966.1129926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Lead has a negative effect on the central nervous system (CNS), inter alia indicated by disturbance of posture. However, knowledge of the CNS effects at low exposure is insufficient. Individuals differ in vulnerability, possibly because of genetic predisposition. Polymorphisms in the δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes may modify lead metabolism and neurotoxicity. The objective of the study was to determine whether very low lead exposure affects posture in children, and whether ALAD and VDR genotypes modify the effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 1996-2001, 108 (age 5-13, mean 6.9), and in 2008-2010 231 (age 5-11, mean 7.9) children from Poland were tested by posturography and blood-lead concentration (B-Pb; medians 50 and 36 µg/L, respectively). The children were genotyped for ALAD (RsaI, MspI) and VDR (FokI, BsmI, TaqI). RESULTS There were correlations between posture and B-Pb (sway area with closed eyes: rS=0.24, P<0.001; velocity: rS=0.21, P<0.001). Significant effects (adjusted for the potential confounders height and mother´s education) were present already at (ln-transformed) B-Pb<50 µg/L [β (regression coefficient) for sway area 0.025, p=0.001), and even stronger than at higher levels (β=0.006, p=0.06, respectively)]. The ff carriers in VDR FokI polymorphism were more susceptible to the effect of lead on the balance system, while other VDR or ALAD genotypes did not significantly modify the effect. CONCLUSIONS Effects on CNS, as reflected by disturbances of posture, were present at very low lead exposure (B-Pb<50 µg/L), and the effect was significantly greater at such low B-Pbs than at higher. VDR FokI significantly modified the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pawlas
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Karin Broberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Staffan Skerfving
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Krystyna Pawlas
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sosnowiec, Poland; Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Lentz CS, Stumpfe D, Bajorath J, Famulok M, Hoerauf A, Pfarr KM. New chemotypes for wALADin1-like inhibitors of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase from Wolbachia endobacteria. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:5558-62. [PMID: 24012123 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Substituted benzimidazoles of the wALADin1-family have recently been identified as a new class of species-selective inhibitors of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) from Wolbachia endobacteria of parasitic filarial worms. Due to its Wolbachia-dependent antifilarial activity, wALADin1 is a starting point for the development of new drugs against filarial nematodes. We now present several other chemotypes of ALAD inhibitors that have been identified based upon their molecular similarity to wALADin1. A tricyclic quinoline derivative (wALADin2) with a different inhibitory mechanism and improved inhibitory potency and selectivity may represent an improved drug lead candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian S Lentz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany; LIMES Institute, Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry Unit, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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Flora G, Gupta D, Tiwari A. Preventive efficacy of bulk and nanocurcumin against lead-induced oxidative stress in mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 152:31-40. [PMID: 23292317 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9586-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lead exposure is associated with several health disorders in humans and animals. Lead exposure leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species and depletes body antioxidant enzymes causing damage to various macromolecules and ultimately cell death. Curcumin has been widely recognized to protect against metal toxicity but has major limitations of reduced bioavailability. Nanoencapsulation of curcumin could be an effective strategy to combat lead induced toxic manifestations. The present study investigates the protective efficacy of bulk and nanocurcumin against lead-induced toxicity. Swiss albino mice were daily exposed to lead acetate (25 mg/kg, i.p.) alone and after 1 h treated either with curcumin (15 mg/kg, orally) or nanocurcumin (15 mg/kg, orally) for two consecutive weeks. The preventive efficacy of nanocurcumin was evaluated against various altered biochemical variables suggestive of oxidative stress and lead accumulation in blood and soft tissues. Coadministration of nanocurcumin with lead restored the altered δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity, glutathione (reduced and oxidized) levels, and also decreased reactive oxygen species, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels. Nanocurcumin due to its possible chelating property and enhanced bioavailability efficiently removed lead from blood and soft tissues compared to bulk curcumin. Results demonstrate the enhanced preventive efficacy of nanocurcumin and suggest an interesting and novel approach for better treatment of lead toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan Flora
- School of Biotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, MP, India.
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Gupta P, Jain M, Sarangthem J, Gadre R. Inhibition of 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase by mercury in excised greening maize leaf segments. Plant Physiol Biochem 2013. [PMID: 23191957 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), a potent metallic toxicant, is known for having inhibitory effect on chlorophyll biosynthesis. In vivo supply of HgCl(2) inhibited 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD, EC 4.2.1.24) activity in excised greening maize (Zea mays) leaf segments. The inhibition caused by Hg was alleviated by addition of KNO(3). Amongst the nutrients and metabolites tested, NH(4)Cl and sucrose increased the inhibitory effect of Hg on enzyme activity, while glutamine and glutathione decreased it. The inhibitors, levulinic acid and 5,5' dithio bis 2-nitrobenzoic acid, also reduced the % inhibition of enzyme activity caused by Hg supply. In vitro inclusion of Hg during assay of the enzyme preparations obtained from the tissue treated without Hg (-Hg enzyme) and with Hg (+Hg enzyme) caused the inhibition of -Hg enzyme but activation of +Hg enzyme. Almost similar trend was observed for the in vitro inclusion of Hg in the presence of levulinic acid. It is suggested that two forms of enzyme exist in Hg-treated tissue, i.e. the usual Mg dependent form and an unusual Hg modified form. Kinetic studies for the two enzymes, -Hg enzyme and +Hg enzyme, involving the effect of varying concentrations of δ-aminolevulinic acid yielded distinct apparent K(m) and apparent V(max) values being 532 μM and 118 units g(-1) fr. wt., respectively, for -Hg enzyme and 347 μM and 52 units g(-1) fr. wt., respectively, for +Hg enzyme indicating that +Hg enzyme has higher affinity for δ-aminolevulinic acid but lower activity as compared to the -Hg enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- School of Biochemistry, Devi Ahilya University, Takshashila Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452 017, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Leroyer A, Leleu B, Dehon B, Frimat P, Broly F, Nisse C. Influence of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase gene polymorphism on selected lead exposure biomarkers in a cohort of ex-smelter workers. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2013; 76:895-906. [PMID: 24156693 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2013.824843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) body burden and toxicity may be influenced by genetic polymorphisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of G177C delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphism (rs1800435) on selected Pb exposure biomarkers in a population of workers highly exposed to this metal in the past. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between 2007 and 2009 within the cohort of ex-employees of a smelter in the north of France that closed down in 2003. A questionnaire was completed by each participant and blood samples enabled determination of Pb levels and ALAD polymorphism. Five parameters estimating the Pb body burden and its variations were studied: last blood lead level (BLL) during activity, cumulative blood Pb index, BLL at the time of the study, and absolute and percent changes in BLL after cessation of metal exposure. Multiple regression models were used to evaluate links between ALAD polymorphism and the selected Pb exposure biomarkers. Two hundred and four men were included. At the time of inclusion, the median age was 53.5 yr. The median duration of Pb exposure was 25 yr and the median latency since end of exposure was 5.6 yr. The frequency of ALAD-2 allele was 9.3%, with 34 subjects being heterozygous (ALAD1-2) and 2 homozygous (ALAD2-2). According to genotype, there was no significant difference for any of the five selected Pb exposure biomarkers. These results lend support to the notion that ALAD polymorphism exerts no marked impact on Pb body burden.
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Holladay JP, Nisanian M, Williams S, Tuckfield RC, Kerr R, Jarrett T, Tannenbaum L, Holladay SD, Sharma A, Gogal RM. Dosing of adult pigeons with as little as one #9 lead pellet caused severe δ-ALAD depression, suggesting potential adverse effects in wild populations. Ecotoxicology 2012; 21:2331-2337. [PMID: 22903291 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-012-0989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Avian wildlife species commonly ingest lead (Pb) spent shot or bullet fragments as grit or mistakenly as food. In previous studies in our laboratory and others, the toxicity varied based on the diet as well as type and quantity of Pb ingested. In the current study, domestic pigeons were gavaged with 1, 2, or 3 Pb pellets and then followed with weekly radiographs and blood physiologic endpoints for 28 days. Pellet retention decreased by roughly 50 % per week as pellets were either absorbed or excreted, except for week 4 where pellet number no longer was diminished. Size of retained pellets visually decreased over retention time. Birds dosed with a single #9 pellet showed mean blood Pb levels over 80 times higher than those of the controls, verifying Pb pellet absorption from the gut. A single Pb pellet also reduced plasma δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) activity by over 80 % compared to controls, suggesting the potential for population injury in Pb pellet-exposed pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy P Holladay
- Department of Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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de Freitas ML, da Silva ARH, Roman SS, Brandão R. Effects of 4,4'-dichloro-diphenyl diselenide (ClPhSe)2 on toxicity induced by mercuric chloride in mice: a comparative study with diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2012; 34:985-994. [PMID: 22981437 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The effects of 4,4'-dichloro-diphenyl diselenide (ClPhSe)(2) on the toxicity induced by mercuric chloride (HgCl(2)) were investigated and compared with diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)(2). Mice received HgCl(2) for three days and, on the third day, received (PhSe)(2) or (ClPhSe)(2). The results verified that the administration of (ClPhSe)(2) in mice exposed to HgCl(2) increased renal δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D), Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activities and non-protein thiol (NPSH) levels and also decreased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and ascorbic acid levels, when compared to mice exposed to HgCl(2)+(PhSe)(2). Plasma and urinary protein, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and histological parameters were also ameliorated in mice exposed to HgCl(2)+(ClPhSe)(2). In addition, the hepatic damage in mice exposed to HgCl(2)+(PhSe)(2) was reduced in animals exposed to (ClPhSe)(2). To sum up, the introduction of a functional group (chloro) in the aromatic ring of diaryl diselenide reduced the toxicity of this compound in liver and kidney of mice exposed to HgCl(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara L de Freitas
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900 RS, Brazil
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Feksa LR, Oliveira E, Trombini T, Luchese M, Bisi S, Linden R, Berlese DB, Rojas DB, Andrade RB, Schuck PF, Lacerda LM, Wajner M, Wannmacher CMD, Emanuelli T. Pyruvate kinase activity and δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity as biomarkers of toxicity in workers exposed to lead. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2012; 63:453-460. [PMID: 22864587 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-012-9786-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb(2+)) is a heavy metal that has long been used by humans for a wide range of technological purposes, which is the main reason for its current widespread distribution. Pb(2+) is thought to enter erythrocytes through anion exchange and to remain in the cell by binding to thiol groups. Pyruvate kinase (PK) is a thiol-containing enzyme that plays a key role in erythrocyte cellular energy homeostasis. δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) is the second enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway and plays a role in the pathogenesis of Pb poisoning. Our primary objective was to investigate the effect of Pb(2+) on the activity of the thiolenzymes δ-ALAD and PK and on the concentration of glutathione (GSH), a nonenzymatic antioxidant defense, in erythrocytes from Pb-exposed workers. The study sample comprised 22 male Pb workers and 21 normal volunteers (15 men and 6 women). The Pb-exposed workers were employed in manufacturing and recycling of automotive batteries. Basic red-cell parameters were assayed and total white blood cell counts performed. PK and δ-ALAD activity and blood Pb (BPb) concentrations were determined in all subjects. Pb-exposed individuals had significantly greater BPb levels than controls. Both PK and δ-ALAD activity levels were significantly lower in Pb-exposed individuals than in controls. Pb significantly inhibited PK and δ-ALAD activity in a dose-dependent manner. We found that erythrocyte GSH levels were lower in Pb-exposed individuals than normal volunteers. Pb-exposed individuals had lower values than controls for several red cell parameters (hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume). These results suggest that Pb inhibits δ-ALAD and PK activity by interacting with their thiol groups. It is therefore possible that Pb disrupts energy homeostasis and may be linked with decreased glucose metabolism because it affects the heme synthesis pathway in erythrocytes, contributing to the cell dysfunction observed in these in Pb-exposed individuals. These results indicate an apparent dose-effect relationship between PK activity and BPb. PK activity in human erythrocytes can be used for biological monitoring of Pb exposure. Study of the mechanisms by which Pb acts may contribute to greater understanding of the symptoms caused by Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Rosa Feksa
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Grupo de Pesquisa em Bioanálise, Universidade Feevale, RS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS CEP 93352-000, Brazil.
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García-Lestón J, Roma-Torres J, Vilares M, Pinto R, Prista J, Teixeira JP, Mayan O, Conde J, Pingarilho M, Gaspar JF, Pásaro E, Méndez J, Laffon B. Genotoxic effects of occupational exposure to lead and influence of polymorphisms in genes involved in lead toxicokinetics and in DNA repair. Environ Int 2012; 43:29-36. [PMID: 22466227 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Lead is still widely used in many industrial processes and is very persistent in the environment. Although toxic effects caused by occupational exposure to lead have been extensively studied, there are still conflicting results regarding its genotoxicity. In a previous pilot study we observed some genotoxic effects in a population of lead exposed workers. Thus, we extended our study analysing a larger population, increasing the number of genotoxicity endpoints, and including a set of 20 genetic polymorphisms related to lead toxicokinetics and DNA repair as susceptibility biomarkers. Our population comprised 148 workers from two Portuguese factories and 107 controls. The parameters analysed were: blood lead levels (BLL) and δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity as exposure biomarkers, and T-cell receptor (TCR) mutation assay, micronucleus (MN) test, comet assay and OGG1-modified comet assay as genotoxicity biomarkers. Lead exposed workers showed markedly higher BLL and lower ALAD activity than the controls, and significant increases of TCR mutation frequency (TCR-Mf), MN rate and DNA damage. Oxidative damage did not experience any significant alteration in the exposed population. Besides, significant influence was observed for VDR rs1544410 polymorphism on BLL; APE1 rs1130409 and LIG4 rs1805388 polymorphisms on TCR-Mf; MUTYH rs3219489, XRCC4 rs28360135 and LIG4 rs1805388 polymorphisms on comet assay parameter; and OGG1 rs1052133 and XRCC4 rs28360135 polymorphisms on oxidative damage. Our results showed genotoxic effects related to occupational lead exposure to levels under the Portuguese regulation limit of 70 μg/dl. Moreover, a significant influence of polymorphisms in genes involved in DNA repair on genotoxicity biomarkers was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia García-Lestón
- Toxicology Unit, Department of Psychobiology, University of A Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación, Campus Elviña, 15071-A Coruña, Spain
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Bonfanti G, Ceolin RB, De Bona KS, de Lucca L, Moretto MB, Gonçalves TDL. Hypertension strengthens δ-ALA-D activity inhibition and increases it reactivation index in type 2 diabetic patients. J Diabetes Complications 2012; 26:323-7. [PMID: 22580189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the effect of hypertension on δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) activity of type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM). METHODS δ-ALA-D activity and reactivation index, as well as markers of oxidative stress, biochemical and anthropometrics parameters were determined in T2DM (n=23), type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension (T2DM/HT) (n=30) and controls (n=30). RESULTS T2DM/HT presented a greater inhibition of δ-ALA-D activity, a higher reactivation index (p<0.05) and a greater depletion of plasma protein thiol groups (P-SH) when compared to T2DM. Moreover, δ-ALA-D activity was positively associated with SH groups and negatively associated with serum protein carbonyl (PC) while its reactivation index was negatively associated with SH groups and positively associated with PC. CONCLUSIONS These results point out that there is a possible interference of hypertension on the mechanism of the δ-ALA-D activity suggesting that this condition aggravated the oxidative stress of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Bonfanti
- Postgraduate Program on Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900 - Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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