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Xu XJ, Chang WC, Gao R, Wei DF, Chen XZ, Li XD. First Report of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' Subgroup 16SrI-AE Associated with Winter Jasmine Witches' Broom in Shandong, China. PLANT DISEASE 2018; 102:PDIS12172026PDN. [PMID: 30067164 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-17-2026-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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77
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Jia S, Yao Y, Tang X, Song Y, Xu J, Jiang P, Wang H, Zhao X, Gao Z, Qiao S, Yang J, Gao R, Xu B, Yuan J, Yang Y. P818Impact of baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate on in-hospital outcomes of ST elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: from CAMI registry. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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78
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Chen S, Gao R, Yao C, Kobayashi M, Liu SZ, Yoder MC, Broxmeyer H, Kapur R, Boswell HS, Mayo LD, Liu Y. Genotoxic stresses promote clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cells expressing mutant p53. Leukemia 2017; 32:850-854. [PMID: 29263439 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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79
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Yang J, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Li J, Gao R, Guo Z. Engineering T. naphthophila β-glucosidase for enhanced synthesis of galactooligosaccharides by site-directed mutagenesis. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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80
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Ali Z, Serruys P, Kimura T, Gao R, Ellis S, Kereiakes D. Two-Year Outcomes With the Absorb Bioresorbable Scaffold for Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Seven Randomized Trials With an Individual Patient Data Substudy. J Vasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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81
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Zhang S, Mao W, Li Q, Gao R, Zhang Y, Gao L, Fu C, Wu J, Deng Y, Shen Y, Li T, Liu B, Cao J. Concentration effect of prostaglandin E2
on the growth factor expression and cell proliferation in bovine endometrial explants and their kinetic characteristics. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 53:143-151. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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82
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Yang J, Pérez B, Anankanbil S, Li J, Zhou Y, Gao R, Guo Z. Valorizing Dairy Waste: Thermophilic Biosynthesis of a Novel Ascorbic Acid Derivative. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9087-9093. [PMID: 28949527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
l-Ascorbic acid (l-AA) is an essential nutrient that is extremely unstable and cannot be synthesized by the human body. Therefore, attempts have been performed to develop biologically active l-AA derivatives with improved stability. This work presents a facile, scalable, and efficient enzymatic transgalactosylation of lactose to l-AA using β-glucosidase (TN0602) from Thermotoga naphthophila RKU-10. β-Glucosidase TN0602 displays high transgalactosylation activity at pH 5.0, 75 °C, and l-AA/lactose ratio of 2:1 to form a novel l-AA derivative [2-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-l-ascorbic acid (l-AA-Gal)] with a maximal productivity of 138.88 mmol L-1 in 12 h, which is higher than most reports of enzymatic synthesis of l-AA-α-glucoside. Synthetic l-AA-Gal retains most l-AA antioxidant capability and presents dramatically higher stability than l-AA in an oxidative environment (Cu2+). In conclusion, this work reports a new way to valorize dairy waste lactose into a novel molecule l-AA-Gal, which could be a promising l-AA derivative to be used in a wide range of applications.
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Chen Z, Chen Z, Liu ZQ, Holtz ME, Li CJ, Wang XR, Lü WM, Motapothula M, Fan LS, Turcaud JA, Dedon LR, Frederick C, Xu RJ, Gao R, N'Diaye AT, Arenholz E, Mundy JA, Venkatesan T, Muller DA, Wang LW, Liu J, Martin LW. Electron Accumulation and Emergent Magnetism in LaMnO_{3}/SrTiO_{3} Heterostructures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:156801. [PMID: 29077457 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.156801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Emergent phenomena at polar-nonpolar oxide interfaces have been studied intensely in pursuit of next-generation oxide electronics and spintronics. Here we report the disentanglement of critical thicknesses for electron reconstruction and the emergence of ferromagnetism in polar-mismatched LaMnO_{3}/SrTiO_{3} (001) heterostructures. Using a combination of element-specific x-ray absorption spectroscopy and dichroism, and first-principles calculations, interfacial electron accumulation, and ferromagnetism have been observed within the polar, antiferromagnetic insulator LaMnO_{3}. Our results show that the critical thickness for the onset of electron accumulation is as thin as 2 unit cells (UC), significantly thinner than the observed critical thickness for ferromagnetism of 5 UC. The absence of ferromagnetism below 5 UC is likely induced by electron overaccumulation. In turn, by controlling the doping of the LaMnO_{3}, we are able to neutralize the excessive electrons from the polar mismatch in ultrathin LaMnO_{3} films and thus enable ferromagnetism in films as thin as 3 UC, extending the limits of our ability to synthesize and tailor emergent phenomena at interfaces and demonstrating manipulation of the electronic and magnetic structures of materials at the shortest length scales.
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Gao R, Kong C, Li H, Huang L, Qu X, Qin N, Qin H. Dysbiosis signature of mycobiota in colon polyp and colorectal cancer. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 36:2457-2468. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-3085-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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85
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Barry L, Hatchman L, Fan Z, Gao R, Kuchel G. TESTING A GAIT VELOCITY DETECTION DEVICE IN A REAL -WORLD CLINICAL SETTING. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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86
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Li J, Li X, Gao R, Du K. CHINESE COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH ASSESSMENT SCALE AND HEALTH STATUS OF THE COMMUNITY-DWELLING ELDERLY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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87
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Li X, Li J, Wang D, Wang Q, Gao R. THE STUDY OF THE ELDERLY’S SLEEP QUALITY AND THE EFFECTS OF MUSIC THERAPY ON SLEEP DISTURBANCES. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.4276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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88
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Gao R, Kong C, Huang L, Li H, Qu X, Liu Z, Lan P, Wang J, Qin H. Mucosa-associated microbiota signature in colorectal cancer. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 36:2073-2083. [PMID: 28600626 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-3026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the gut microbiota profiles of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and to examine the relationship between gut microbiota and other key molecular factors involved in CRC tumorigenesis. In this study, a 16S rDNA sequencing platform was used to identify possible differences in the microbiota signature between CRC and adjacent normal mucosal tissue. Differences in the microbiota composition in different anatomical colorectal tumor sites and their potential association with KRAS mutation were also explored. In this study, the number of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased, while the number of Fusobacteria increased in the gut of CRC patients. In addition, at the genus level, Fusobacterium was identified as the key contributor to CRC tumorigenesis. In addition, a different distribution of gut microbiota in ascending and descending colon cancer samples was observed. Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis-associated microbial genes were enriched in tumor tissues. Our study suggests that specific mucosa-associated microbiota signature and function are significantly changed in the gut of CRC patients, which may provide insight into the progression of CRC. These findings could also be of value in the creation of new prevention and treatment strategies for this type of cancer.
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89
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Zhou Y, Xie G, Chang L, Wang Y, Gao R. Identification of an archaeal maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase encoded by an interrupted gene. Extremophiles 2017; 21:537-549. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-017-0923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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90
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Zhang Z, Wang M, Gao R, Yu X, Chen G. Synergistic effect of thermostable β-glucosidase TN0602 and cellulase on cellulose hydrolysis. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:54. [PMID: 28444598 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0672-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermophilic enzymes have many potential benefits in industrial production with increased flexibility related to process configurations. A thermostable β-glucosidase from Thermotoga naphthophila RUK-10 was found to possess catalytic activity for cellobiose hydrolysis with a high potential for application in biomass conversion. The aggregation of cellobiose often has an inhibitory effect on cellobiohydrolases and endoglucanases during cellulose hydrolysis. The presence of β-glucosidases has a significant effect on reducing inhibition from hydrolytic products by hydrolysing the intermedia cellobiose. In this study, β-glucosidase TN0602 exhibited a high tolerance to glucose and high thermostability even after a long incubation (>72 h). Additionally, supplementing β-glucosidase TN0602 with microcrystalline cellulose, untreated corn straw and steam-exploded corn straw hydrolysis reactions containing a commercial cellulase led to an increased conversion rate in released glucose compared to hydrolysis without the addition of β-glucosidase (15.82, 30.62 and 35.21%, respectively); the increase of conversion rates were 61.86, 93.50 and 94.55%. It was thus shown that an obvious synergistic effect exists between TN0602 and cellulases for cellulose hydrolysis, suggesting its potential as a component of enzymatic cocktails for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to other chemicals.
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91
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Hu SX, Gao R, Ding Y, Collins LA, Kress JD. First-principles equation-of-state table of silicon and its effects on high-energy-density plasma simulations. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:043210. [PMID: 28505720 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.043210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using density-functional theory-based molecular-dynamics simulations, we have investigated the equation of state for silicon in a wide range of plasma density and temperature conditions of ρ=0.001-500g/cm^{3} and T=2000-10^{8}K. With these calculations, we have established a first-principles equation-of-state (FPEOS) table of silicon for high-energy-density (HED) plasma simulations. When compared with the widely used SESAME-EOS model (Table 3810), we find that the FPEOS-predicted Hugoniot is ∼20% softer; for off-Hugoniot plasma conditions, the pressure and internal energy in FPEOS are lower than those of SESAME EOS for temperatures above T ≈ 1-10 eV (depending on density), while the former becomes higher in the low-T regime. The pressure difference between FPEOS and SESAME 3810 can reach to ∼50%, especially in the warm-dense-matter regime. Implementing the FPEOS table of silicon into our hydrocodes, we have studied its effects on Si-target implosions. When compared with the one-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamics simulation using the SESAME 3810 EOS model, the FPEOS simulation showed that (1) the shock speed in silicon is ∼10% slower; (2) the peak density of an in-flight Si shell during implosion is ∼20% higher than the SESAME 3810 simulation; (3) the maximum density reached in the FPEOS simulation is ∼40% higher at the peak compression; and (4) the final areal density and neutron yield are, respectively, ∼30% and ∼70% higher predicted by FPEOS versus the traditional simulation using SESAME 3810. All of these features can be attributed to the larger compressibility of silicon predicted by FPEOS. These results indicate that an accurate EOS table, like the FPEOS presented here, could be essential for the precise design of targets for HED experiments.
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Hu L, Wang Y, Cotrim AP, Zhu Z, Gao R, Zheng C, Goldsmith CM, Jin L, Zhang C, Mitchell JB, Baum BJ, Wang S. Effect of Tempol on the prevention of irradiation-induced mucositis in miniature pigs. Oral Dis 2017; 23:801-808. [PMID: 28326646 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goals of this study were to (i) establish a useful miniature pig (minipig) model for irradiation-induced oral mucositis and (ii) evaluate the effect of Tempol to prevent its development. METHODS AND MATERIALS Minipigs were irradiated with 6 Gy for five consecutive days targeting the entire oral cavity. To prevent radiation damage, minipigs were treated with 30 mg kg-1 Tempol 10 min before irradiation (n = 4), while the radiation-alone group was similarly injected with saline (n = 4). Lesions were graded using an oral mucositis score and visual inspection every 3 days, and biopsy of multiple sites was performed at day 18. Weight and chest and abdominal circumferences were measured every 3 days. RESULTS Lesions began about 12 days after the first irradiation fraction and healed about 30 days after irradiation. Epithelial thickness was calculated on the lingual and buccal mucosa on the 18th day after the first irradiation fraction. Tempol provided modest protection from ulceration after irradiation using this treatment strategy. CONCLUSIONS This study established a useful large animal model for irradiation-induced oral mucositis and showed modest beneficial effects of Tempol in limiting tissue damage. The latter finding may be potentially valuable in preventing oral mucositis in patients receiving irradiation for head and neck cancers.
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93
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Qin X, Tang G, Gao R, Guo Z, Liu Z, Yu S, Chen M, Tao Z, Li S, Liu M, Wang L, Hou L, Xia L, Cheng X, Han J, Qiu L. A multicenter study on PIVKA reference interval of healthy population and establishment of PIVKA cutoff value for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis in China. Int J Lab Hematol 2017; 39:392-401. [PMID: 28318145 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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94
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Gao R, Gao Z, Huang L, Qin H. Gut microbiota and colorectal cancer. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 36:757-769. [PMID: 28063002 PMCID: PMC5395603 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2881-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is considered as a forgotten organ in human health and disease. It maintains gut homeostasis by various complex mechanisms. However, disruption of the gut microbiota has been confirmed to be related to gastrointestinal diseases such as colorectal cancer, as well as remote organs in many studies. Colorectal cancer is a multi-factorial and multi-stage involved disorder. The role for microorganisms that initiate and facilitate the process of colorectal cancer has become clear. The candidate pathogens have been identified by culture and next sequencing technology. Persuasive models have also been proposed to illustrate the complicated and dynamic time and spatial change in the carcinogenesis. Related key molecules have also been investigated to demonstrate the pathways crucial for the development of colorectal cancer. In addition, risk factors that contribute to the tumorigenesis can also be modulated to decrease the susceptibility for certain population. In addition, the results of basic studies have also translated to clinical application, which displayed a critical value for the diagnosis and therapy of colorectal cancer. In this review, we not only emphasize the exploration of the mechanisms, but also potential clinical practice implication in this microbiota era.
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95
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Zhang L, Gao R, Naka A, Hendrickx TLG, Rijnaarts HHM, Zeeman G. Hydrolysis rate constants at 10-25 °C can be more than doubled by a short anaerobic pre-hydrolysis at 35 °C. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 104:283-291. [PMID: 27551780 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysis is the first step of the anaerobic digestion of complex wastewater and considered as the rate limiting step especially at low temperature. Low temperature (10-25 °C) hydrolysis was investigated with and without application of a short pre-hydrolysis at 35 °C. Batch experiments were executed using cellulose and tributyrin as model substrates for carbohydrates and lipids. The results showed that the low temperature anaerobic hydrolysis rate constants increased by a factor of 1.5-10, when the short anaerobic pre-hydrolysis at 35 °C was applied. After the pre-hydrolysis phase at 35 °C and decreasing the temperature, no lag phase was observed in any case. Without the pre-hydrolysis, the lag phase for cellulose hydrolysis at 35-10 °C was 4-30 days. Tributyrin hydrolysis showed no lag phase at any temperature. The hydrolysis efficiency of cellulose increased from 40 to 62%, and from 9.6 to 40% after 9.1 days at 15 and 10 °C, respectively, when the pre-hydrolysis at 35 °C was applied. The hydrolysis efficiency of tributyrin at low temperatures with the pre-hydrolysis at 35 °C was similar to those without the pre-hydrolysis. The hydrolytic activity of the supernatant collected from the digestate after batch digestion of cellulose and tributyrin at 35 °C was higher than that of the supernatants collected from the low temperature (≤25 °C) digestates.
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96
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Gao R, Pan M, Li X, Zou X, Zhao X, Li T, Yang H, Zou S, Bo H, Xu J, Li S, Zhang M, Li Z, Wang D, Zaki SR, Shu Y. Post-mortem findings in a patient with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus infection. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:574.e1-5. [PMID: 27040806 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Avian influenza A (H5N6) has been found to infect humans, and has resulted in ten cases with six deaths in China since 2014. Here, we describe the systematic post-mortem pathology of a patient fatally infected with H5N6 virus and evaluate the associated pathogenesis compared with H1N1 pdm09 fatal cases. The most prominent histopathological features were diffuse alveolar damage and pulmonary vasculitis in the lungs of the patient. The virus disseminated to extrapulmonary organs, including the brain. Compared with H1N1 pdm09 fatal infection, H5N6 infection induced a more exacerbated immune response involving overt pulmonary inflammation, which led to alveolar damage and respiratory failure.
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97
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Gao R, Penzes P. Common mechanisms of excitatory and inhibitory imbalance in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. Curr Mol Med 2015; 15:146-67. [PMID: 25732149 DOI: 10.2174/1566524015666150303003028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and Schizophrenia (SCZ) are cognitive disorders with complex genetic architectures but overlapping behavioral phenotypes, which suggests common pathway perturbations. Multiple lines of evidence implicate imbalances in excitatory and inhibitory activity (E/I imbalance) as a shared pathophysiological mechanism. Thus, understanding the molecular underpinnings of E/I imbalance may provide essential insight into the etiology of these disorders and may uncover novel targets for future drug discovery. Here, we review key genetic, physiological, neuropathological, functional, and pathway studies that suggest alterations to excitatory/inhibitory circuits are keys to ASD and SCZ pathogenesis.
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98
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Chang Q, Lu Z, He M, Gao R, Bai H, Shi B, Shan A. Effects of dietary supplementation of fulvic acid on lipid metabolism of finishing pigs. J Anim Sci 2015; 92:4921-6. [PMID: 25349342 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of fulvic acid on lipid metabolism of finishing pigs. One hundred eighty crossbred barrows (Landrace × Yorkshire, 60 ± 2.5 kg) were randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatments (36 pigs/treatment) and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% fulvic acid for 42 d. Thirty pigs (6 pigs/treatment) were slaughtered at the end of the experiment. Blood samples and adipose tissue were collected for determination of blood parameters and lipid metabolic enzymes. The results showed that compared with the control group, dietary supplementation of 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% fulvic acid significantly reduced mean backfat thickness of pigs (P < 0.05). The serum concentrations of low-density lipoprotein, leptin, growth hormone, insulin, and triiodothyronine were significantly increased by adding fulvic acid in diets (P < 0.05). With the raised concentration of dietary fulvic acid, hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) activity was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in adipose tissue. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of fulvic acid reduced the mean backfat thickness of pigs. This change related to the increased activity of HSL and the decreased activity of LPL in adipose tissue.
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Shen W, Chang A, Wang J, Zhou W, Gao R, Li J, Xu Y, Luo X, Xiang R, Luo N, Stupack DG. TIFA, an inflammatory signaling adaptor, is tumor suppressive for liver cancer. Oncogenesis 2015; 4:e173. [PMID: 26501855 PMCID: PMC4632091 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2015.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TIFA (TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF)-interacting protein with a Forkhead-associated (FHA) domain), also called T2BP, was first identified using a yeast two-hybrid screening. TIFA contains a FHA domain, which directly binds phosphothreonine and phosphoserine, and a consensus TRAF6-binding motif. TIFA-mediated oligomerization and poly-ubiquitinylation of TRAF6 mediates signaling downstream of the Tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 1 (TNFaR-I) and interleukin-1/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathways. Examining TIFA expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues microarrays, we noted marked decreases TIFA reactivity in tumor versus control samples. In agreement, we found that HCC cell lines show reduced TIFA expression levels versus normal liver controls. Reconstituting TIFA expression in HCC cell lines promoted two independent apoptosis signaling pathways: the induction of p53 and cell cycle arrest, and the activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3. In contrast, the expression of a non-oligomerizing mutant of TIFA impacted cells minimally, and suppression of TIFA expression protected cells from apoptosis. Mice bearing TIFA overexpression hepatocellular xenografts develop smaller tumors versus TIFA mutant tumors; terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining demonstrates increased cell apoptosis, and decreased proliferation, reflecting cell cycle arrest. Interestingly, p53 has a greater role in decreased proliferation than cell death, as it appeared dispensable for TIFA-induced cell killing. The findings demonstrate a novel suppressive role of TIFA in HCC progression via promotion of cell death independent of p53.
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Gao R, Kratzing C, Pither C, Sharkey L, West S, Butler A, Woodward J, Duncan S, Green J, Chukualim B, Gabe S, Jamieson N, Middleton S. Nutritional outcomes following small bowel transplantation – The first year post-operative nutritional nadir. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2015; 10:e190-e191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2015.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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