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Kobayashi H, Shinjoh M, Sudo K, Kato S, Morozumi M, Koinuma G, Takahashi T, Takano Y, Tamura Y, Hasegawa N. Nosocomial infection by human bocavirus and human rhinovirus among paediatric patients with respiratory risks. J Hosp Infect 2019; 103:341-348. [PMID: 31078633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nosocomial infections by respiratory viruses undetected by rapid tests are not often diagnosed. For paediatric patients with background diseases, nosocomial infection could be fatal. AIM To determine the relationship between developing symptoms by respiratory viruses undetectable by rapid tests and respiratory risks and to improve the management of infection control. METHODS Two episodes of nosocomial infection by human bocavirus (HBoV) and human rhinovirus (HRV) were retrospectively investigated in a tertiary hospital paediatric ward in Japan. Viruses were identified by polymerase chain reaction to determine infection control management. When viruses of the same species were detected from different patients, the virus homology was investigated. The relationship between respiratory risks and developing symptoms was statistically investigated. FINDINGS Three and four patients with respiratory risks in the HBoV and HRV outbreaks, respectively, developed respiratory symptoms. The nucleotide sequences of two patients in the HBoV outbreak and all four patients in the HRV outbreak were phylogenetically close. In both outbreaks, the patients with respiratory risks developed significantly more symptoms than those without any risk (P = 0.035 and 0.018, respectively). After the patients with respiratory infection were separated from those with respiratory risks, no additional nosocomial infection occurred. CONCLUSION Patients with respiratory risks easily develop respiratory symptoms and acquire severe symptoms of nosocomial infection by those viruses. In a paediatric ward, we should adopt not only standard precautions but also isolation management of the patients with respiratory symptoms, even if they have negative results in rapid tests.
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Borcoman E, Kanjanapan Y, Champiat S, Kato S, Servois V, Kurzrock R, Goel S, Bedard P, Le Tourneau C. Novel patterns of response under immunotherapy. ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY 2019. [PMID: 30657859 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz003.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Novel patterns of response and progression to immunotherapy have been reported that are not observed with conventional cytotoxic or targeted anticancer treatments. A major breakthrough with immunotherapy is its potential to achieve durable responses in a subset of patients with advanced cancer that can be maintained several years even after stopping the treatment. No standardized definition of durable response exists in the literature, and the optimal duration of treatment in case of durable response is not clearly established. However, the majority of patients do not respond to immunotherapy. Initially reported in advanced melanoma patients, pseudoprogression occurs when tumor index lesions regress after initial progression, supporting the concept of treating some patients beyond progression. Overall, reported rates of pseudoprogression never exceeded 10%, meaning that the large majority of patients who have a disease progression will not eventually respond to treatment. The decision to pursue treatment beyond progression must therefore only be taken in carefully selected patients with clinical benefit, who did not experience severe toxicities with immunotherapy. Conversely, rapid progressions, called hyperprogressions, were reported by several teams with rates ranging from 4% to 29%. These observations need to be confirmed from randomized trials. It is essential to interrupt the treatment in patients with hyperprogression, in order to switch to another potentially active treatment. Finally, some patients experience dissociated responses, with some lesions shrinking and others growing. Local treatment with surgery or radiotherapy for growing lesions may be considered. Several immune-specific-related response criteria were developed to better capture benefits of immunotherapy. These criteria only address the pseudoprogression pattern of response, and do not capture the other patterns of response such as hyperprogression and dissociated response. The classic RECIST remains a reasonable and meaningful method to assess response to immunotherapy in the clinic.
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Borcoman E, Kanjanapan Y, Champiat S, Kato S, Servois V, Kurzrock R, Goel S, Bedard P, Le Tourneau C. Novel patterns of response under immunotherapy. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:385-396. [PMID: 30657859 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Ishiguro A, Yuki S, Nakano S, Kawamoto Y, Sawada K, Tsuji Y, Honda T, Miyagishima T, Yoshida S, Hatanaka K, Sasaki T, Muto O, Ohnuma H, Kato S, Sato A, Abe M, Kato K, Amano T, Sakata Y, Komatsu Y. HGCSG1401: A retrospective cohort study evaluating the safety and efficacy of regorafenib in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Analysis of risk factors for liver dysfunction. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy431.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Nikanjam M, Cohen PR, Kato S, Sicklick JK, Kurzrock R. Advanced basal cell cancer: concise review of molecular characteristics and novel targeted and immune therapeutics. Ann Oncol 2018; 29:2192-2199. [PMID: 30219896 PMCID: PMC6290882 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic basal cell carcinoma is an ultra-rare manifestation of a common disease, appearing in 0.0028%-0.5% of basal cell carcinomas. Initial therapeutic efforts focused on cytotoxic chemotherapy administration. However, it is now known that the Hedgehog signaling pathway is crucial for basal cell proliferation and Hedgehog pathway mutations may lead to tumorigenesis; thus, small-molecule inhibitors of alterations in the components of this pathway, including smoothened (SMO) and GLI, have been the focus of recent therapeutic developments. Indeed, the European Medicines Agency and the Food and Drug Administration have approved the SMO inhibitors, vismodegib and sonidegib, with additional GLI inhibitors currently in clinical trials. Molecular profiling of these tumors has revealed other potential targets for therapy, including high tumor mutational burden and PD-L1 amplification, which predict response to immune checkpoint blockade (PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors). An illustrative patient with a giant, advanced, unresectable basal cell carcinoma who obtained an ongoing complete remission after treatment with a combination of an immune checkpoint inhibitor (due to the tumor's high mutational burden) and the Hedgehog inhibitor vismodegib is described. A fuller understanding of the genomic portfolio of these patients can assist in developing novel, rational therapeutic approaches that should continue to improve responses and outcomes.
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Sharabi A, Kim S, Proudfoot J, Kato S, Patel H, Nunez M, Sanders P, Guram K, Miyauchi S, Simpson D, Cohen E, Patel S, Weihe E, Mell L, Mundt A, Kurzrock R. Interim Safety and Toxicity Analysis of a Prospective Phase II Randomized Trial of Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy Combined with Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Advanced Metastatic Disease. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Suzuki K, Yuki S, Nakano S, Kawamoto Y, Nakatsumi H, Hatanaka K, Ando T, Furukawa K, Ishiguro A, Ohta T, Eto K, Nakajima J, Nakamura M, Sogabe S, Kato K, Tateyama M, Kato S, Sekiguchi M, Sakata Y, Komatsu Y. HGCSG1503: A retrospective cohort study evaluating the safety and efficacy of TAS-102 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Analysis of GERCOR index. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy431.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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83
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Kato S, Liberona MF, Cerda-Infante J, Sánchez M, Henríquez J, Bizama C, Bravo ML, Gonzalez P, Gejman R, Brañes J, García K, Ibañez C, Owen GI, Roa JC, Montecinos V, Cuello MA. Simvastatin interferes with cancer 'stem-cell' plasticity reducing metastasis in ovarian cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:821-836. [PMID: 29848667 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell plasticity of 'stem-like' cancer-initiating cells (CICs) is a hallmark of cancer, allowing metastasis and cancer progression. Here, we studied whether simvastatin, a lipophilic statin, could impair the metastatic potential of CICs in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGS-ovC), the most lethal among the gynecologic malignancies. qPCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were used to assess simvastatin effects on proteins involved in stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal cell plasticity (EMT). Its effects on tumor growth and metastasis were evaluated using different models (e.g., spheroid formation and migration assays, matrigel invasion assays, 3D-mesomimetic models and cancer xenografts). We explored also the clinical benefit of statins by comparing survival outcomes among statin users vs non-users. Herein, we demonstrated that simvastatin modifies the stemness and EMT marker expression patterns (both in mRNA and protein levels) and severely impairs the spheroid assembly of CICs. Consequently, CICs become less metastatic in 3D-mesomimetic models and show fewer ascites/tumor burden in HGS-ovC xenografts. The principal mechanism behind statin-mediated effects involves the inactivation of the Hippo/YAP/RhoA pathway in a mevalonate synthesis-dependent manner. From a clinical perspective, statin users seem to experience better survival and quality of life when compared with non-users. Considering the high cost and the low response rates obtained with many of the current therapies, the use of orally or intraperitoneally administered simvastatin offers a cost/effective and safe alternative to treat and potentially prevent recurrent HGS-ovCs.
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Maekawa T, Osawa Y, Izumi T, Nagao S, Takano K, Okada Y, Tachi N, Teramoto M, Kawamura T, Horiuchi T, Saga R, Kato S, Yamamura T, Watanabe J, Kobayashi A, Kobayashi S, Sato K, Hashimoto M, Suzu S, Kimura F. Correction: Myeloproliferative leukemia protein activation directly induces fibrocyte differentiation to cause myelofibrosis. Leukemia 2018; 32:2729-2730. [PMID: 30232464 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the insufficient specificity of the anti-myeloproliferative leukemia protein (MPL) antibody in the original version of this Article, Figure 6 and parts of Figures 2a, 4e, and 5a do not represent the correct information. The corrected version of Figure 6 is in this correction and those of Figures 2a, 4e, and 5a are shown in the supplemental information.
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Higuchi T, Yamamoto N, Hayashi K, Takeuchi A, Abe K, Taniguchi Y, Kato S, Murakami H, Tsuchiya H. Long-term patient survival after the surgical treatment of bone and soft-tissue metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Bone Joint J 2018; 100-B:1241-1248. [PMID: 30168767 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.100b9.bjj-2017-1163.r3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Aims The aims of this study were to evaluate the long-term outcome of surgery for bone or soft-tissue metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and to determine factors that affect prognosis. Patients and Methods Between 1993 and 2014, 58 patients underwent surgery for bone or soft-tissue metastases from RCC at our hospital. There were 46 men and 12 women with a mean age of 60 years (25 to 84). The mean follow-up period was 52 months (1 to 257). The surgical sites included the spine (33 patients), appendicular skeleton (ten patients), pelvis (eight patients), thorax (four patients), and soft tissue (three patients). The surgical procedures were en bloc metastasectomy in 46 patients (including 33 patients of total en bloc spondylectomy (TES)) and intralesional curettage in 12 patients. These patients were retrospectively evaluated for factors associated with prognosis. Results The one-, three-, five-, ten-, and 15-year overall survival (OS) rates were 89%, 75%, 62%, 48%, and 25%, respectively. The median survival time (MST) was 127 months for en bloc metastasectomy and 54 months for intralesional curettage and bone grafting. The median survival time was 127 months for the spine, 140 months for lesions of the appendicular skeleton, and 54 months for the pelvis. Multivariate analysis showed that non-clear cell type RCC and metastases to more than two sites were independent risk factors for a poor prognosis. Conclusion Patients with bone or soft-tissue metastases from a RCC have a reasonable prognosis, making surgical resection a viable option even in patients in whom the metastases are advanced. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1241-8.
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Kato S, Saito N, Asahina N, Iinuma N, Kamimura D, Nakachi T, Fukui K, Iwasawa T, Kosuge M, Kimura K, Tamura K. 3011Prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging derived coronary flow reserve for patients with diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.3011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kato S, Saito N, Asahina N, Iinuma N, Kamimura D, Nakachi T, Fukui K, Iwasawa T, Kosuge M, Kimura K, Tamura K. P5639Myocardial extracellular volume assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance T1 mapping as a marker of diastolic function: comparative study of CMR and strain echocardiography. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jeeva A, Vijayanand PS, Ashokan S, Kojima T, Kato S, Deepalekshmi P. A Facile Synthesis of Poly(aniline-co-3-trifluoromethyl aniline) Doped Silver Nanoparticles in Micellar Solution: Its Humidity Sensor Application. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090418040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kato S, Kuwatani M, Kawakubo K, Sugiura R, Hirata K, Tanikawa S, Mitsuhashi T, Shiratori S, Sakamoto N. Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic: Pancreatic cancer with elevated serum IgG4 level due to multiple myeloma mimicking localized autoimmune pancreatitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:1310. [PMID: 29761833 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Fu X, Kato S, Long J, Mattingly HH, He C, Vural DC, Zucker SW, Emonet T. Spatial self-organization resolves conflicts between individuality and collective migration. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2177. [PMID: 29872053 PMCID: PMC5988668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective behavior can spontaneously emerge when individuals follow common rules of interaction. However, the behavior of each individual differs due to existing genetic and non-genetic variation within the population. It remains unclear how this individuality is managed to achieve collective behavior. We quantify individuality in bands of clonal Escherichia coli cells that migrate collectively along a channel by following a self-generated gradient of attractant. We discover that despite substantial differences in individual chemotactic abilities, the cells are able to migrate as a coherent group by spontaneously sorting themselves within the moving band. This sorting mechanism ensures that differences between individual chemotactic abilities are compensated by differences in the local steepness of the traveling gradient each individual must navigate, and determines the minimum performance required to travel with the band. By resolving conflicts between individuality and collective migration, this mechanism enables populations to maintain advantageous diversity while on the move. How bacteria migrate collectively despite individual phenotypic variation is not understood. Here, the authors show that cells spontaneously sort themselves within moving bands such that variations in individual tumble bias, a determinant of gradient climbing speed, are compensated by the local gradient steepness experienced by individuals.
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Hatanaka K, Yuki S, Nakano S, Sawada K, Harada K, Okuda H, Ando T, Ogawa K, Furukawa K, Minami S, Saiki T, Ohta T, Kato T, Nakajima J, Sasaki T, Saitoh S, Shindo Y, Tateyama M, Kato S, Nagai H, Sakata Y, Komatsu Y. HGCSG1503: A retrospective cohort study evaluating the safety and efficacy of TAS-102 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Analysis of GERCOR index. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy151.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Honda T, Yuki S, Muranaka T, Nakatsumi H, Tsuji Y, Miyagishima T, Yoshida S, Hatanaka K, Sasaki T, Ishiguro A, Muto O, Ohnuma H, Kato S, Sato A, Abe M, Kato K, Onodera K, Eto K, Tateyama M, Amano T, Sakata Y, Komatsu Y. HGCSG1401: A retrospective cohort study evaluating the safety and efficacy of regorafenib in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Analysis of risk factors for liver dysfunction. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy151.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Uenishi K, Tokiwa M, Kato S, Shiraki M. Correction to: Stimulation of intestinal calcium absorption by orally administrated vitamin D3 compounds: a prospective open-label randomized trial in osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:1225. [PMID: 29480344 PMCID: PMC6828447 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There were two errors in this article. 1. In the section "Ethical considerations", the registration number of the study was incorrectly given as UMIN000024492. The correct number is UMIN0000 20267. 2. The Acknowledgments paragraph was incomplete.
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Matsushima Y, Mizutani K, Kato S, Kawakita F, Fujimoto M, Okada K, Kondo M, Habe K, Suzuki H, Mizutani H, Yamanaka K. 955 Stenotic changes of cerebral arteries and impaired brain glucose metabolism by long-lasting inflammatory cytokine release from dermatitis, but rescued by anti-IL-1 therapy. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kawatsu L, Uchimura K, Izumi K, Ohkado A, Kato S. Using surveillance data to simulate the impact of a hypothetical pre-entry tuberculosis screening programme in Japan. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 22:510-517. [PMID: 29663955 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a growing burden of foreign-born tuberculosis (TB) patients, Japan does not currently practise pre-entry tuberculosis (TB) screening among foreign-born entrants. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of a hypothetical pre-entry TB screening programme among new foreign-born entrants into Japan. METHOD Using publicly available sources, we estimated 1) the number of prevalent TB cases, defined as bacteriologically or clinically confirmed cases among new foreign-born entrants into Japan in 2015, and 2) the yield from a hypothetical pre-entry TB screening programme under three scenarios: Scenario A, in which screening would be required of all applicants intending to stay for 3 months; Scenario B, screening among applicants for visas for settlement purposes; and Scenario C, screening among student and technical intern visa applicants. RESULTS The numbers of prevalent TB cases under Scenarios A, B and C were respectively 492, 54 and 248 out of a total of 328 791, 21 554 and 182 879 applicants, respectively 276, 29 and 137 of whom would be detected via the pre-entry screening programme, giving an yield of respectively 83.9, 134.5 and 74.9 per 100 000 screened under each scenario. CONCLUSION The yield was the highest under Scenario B; however, the impact was greatest under Scenario A, in that it detected the greatest number of patients and thus contributed the most in reducing the burden of foreign-born TB cases in Japan.
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Suzuki T, Uchino T, Hatta I, Miyazaki Y, Kato S, Sasaki K, Kagawa Y. Evaluation of the molecular lipid organization in millimeter-sized stratum corneum by synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Skin Res Technol 2018; 24:621-629. [PMID: 29707821 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate whether the lamellar and lateral structure of intercellular lipid of stratum corneum (SC) can be evaluated from millimeter-sized SC (MSC) by X-ray diffraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 12 mm × 12 mm SC sheet from hairless mouse was divided into 16 pieces measuring 3 mm × 3 mm square. From another sheet, 4 pieces of ultramillimeter-sized SC (USC:1.5 mm × 1.5 mm square) were prepared. Small and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (SAXD and WAXD) measurements were performed on each piece. For MSC and USC, changes in the lamellar and lateral structure after the application of d-limonene were measured. RESULTS The intensity of SAXD peaks due to the lamellar phase of long periodicity phase (LPP) and WAXD peaks due to the lateral hydrocarbon chain-packing structures varied in MSC and USC pieces, although over the 12 mm × 12 mm SC sheet. These results indicated that the intercellular lipid components and their proportion appeared nearly uniform. Application of d-limonene on MSC and USC piece with strong peaks in SAXD and the WAXD resulted in the disappearance of peaks due to the lamellar phase of LPP and decrease in peak intensity for the lateral hydrocarbon chain-packing structures. These changes are consistent with normal-sized sample results. CONCLUSION We found that the selection of a sample piece with strong diffraction peaks due to the lamellar and lateral structure enabled evaluation of the SC structure in small-sized samples by X-ray diffraction.
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Uenishi K, Tokiwa M, Kato S, Shiraki M. Stimulation of intestinal calcium absorption by orally administrated vitamin D3 compounds: a prospective open-label randomized trial in osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:723-732. [PMID: 29273827 PMCID: PMC5834567 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4351-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal fractional calcium absorption (FCA) was assessed before and after vitamin D3 treatment. Serum 1,25(OH)2D concentration was significantly increased by plain vitamin D3 and reduced by eldecalcitol. The 1α hydroxyl calcidiol and eldecalcitol treatments increased FCA, which may be induced through direct stimulation of vitamin D receptors in the intestine. INTRODUCTION To assess the effects of vitamin D3 compounds on intestinal FCA and calcium-regulating hormones in post-menopausal osteoporosis, a randomized open-label prospective study was conducted. METHODS Forty eligible patients were allocated randomly into four groups: eldecalcitol (ELD; 0.75 μg/day), 1α hydroxyl calcidiol (ALF; 1 μg/day), plain vitamin D3 (800 IU/day), and control. Before and after the 4-week treatment, intestinal FCA was estimated by using a double isotope method, and serum concentrations of calcium-regulating hormones and a bone turnover marker were measured. RESULTS The baseline FCA value of the participants was 21.5 ± 7.9% (mean ± SD) and was significantly correlated with serum 1,25(OH)2D (calcitriol) concentration. After the treatment, the FCA significantly increased by 59.5% (95% CI, 41.6 to 77.4%) in the ELD group and by 45.9% (27.9 to 63.8%) in the ALF group, whereas no significant change in the plain vitamin D3 group was found. Unlike the baseline FCA, post-treatment FCA exhibited no significant correlation with serum calcitriol concentration. Parathyroid hormone levels were suppressed by ALF and plain vitamin D3 but were sustained in the ELD and control groups. Serum calcitriol tended to be suppressed by ELD, whereas plain vitamin D3 treatment increased both serum 25(OH)D and calcitriol concentrations. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that oral administration of vitamin D3 analogues (ALF and ELD) stimulates FCA but plain vitamin D3 does not. Those effects of vitamin D3 compounds on FCA were independent of serum calcitriol concentration, suggesting that ALF and ELD may directly stimulate intestinal vitamin D receptors.
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Kato S, Miura M. Risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus during treatment with low-dose statins in Japan: A retrospective cohort study. J Clin Pharm Ther 2018; 43:536-542. [PMID: 29484697 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE The risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) in Japanese patients using low-dose hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) has not been previously examined. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of NODM associated with use of high- and low-potency statins in Japanese patients taking low-dose statins. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of 2554 Japanese patients who started treatment with a statin was conducted. Only patients taking the same dose of the same statin were enrolled, and patients were separated into high- and low-potency statin groups. The outcome was incidence of NODM during statin treatment. RESULTS The incidence rate of NODM in the cohort was 7.4% (n = 190). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed a significantly higher rate of NODM in patients taking high-potency statins compared with those taking low-potency statins (P < .001, log-rank test). Baseline fasting plasma glucose levels, use of high-potency statins, male gender and combination treatment with calcium channel blockers, immunosuppressants or steroids were identified as factors that significantly increased the risk for NODM using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION The use of high-potency statins at a low standard daily dose significantly increased the risk of NODM in Japanese patients compared with low-potency statins. Furthermore, clinicians should also be careful when prescribing statins in combination with steroids or immunosuppressants due to the increased risk of NODM.
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Izumi K, Ohkado A, Uchimura K, Kawatsu L, Suenaga M, Urakawa M, Kato S. Evaluation of tuberculosis contact investigations in Japan. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 21:188-195. [PMID: 28234083 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Although monitoring and evaluation using standardised indicators is an important aspect of tuberculosis (TB) contact investigation, no attempts have been made to systematically evaluate contact investigations in Japan. OBJECTIVE To evaluate TB contact investigations conducted in public health centres (PHCs) by estimating the scores of selected indicators. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012 to estimate six selected indicator scores for contact tracing, contact evaluation and contact treatment at 11 PHCs using the TB registry and relevant contact investigation records of all forms of newly notified active TB cases. Indicator scores were compared across PHCs using median and interquartile range (IQR). RESULTS A total of 2527 contacts of 313 index TB cases were identified; of these, 1874 were evaluated using the tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs). Of 187 contacts who were TST/IGRA-positive, 15 were diagnosed with active TB. Consistently higher medians and lower IQRs were obtained for indicators of contact tracing and contact evaluation than those of contact treatment. CONCLUSION Our study is the first to evaluate the performance of TB contact investigations in Japan using standardised indicators; the study indicated performance gaps, especially in the treatment for latent tuberculous infection among contacts.
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Shiraya T, Kato S, Fukushima H, Tanabe T. A Case of Diabetic Retinopathy with both Retinal Neovascularization and Complete Posterior Vitreous Detachment. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 16:644-6. [PMID: 16952113 DOI: 10.1177/112067210601600428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Report of a case with retinal neovascularization developing in the setting of diabetic retinopathy despite complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). CASE REPORT A 76-year-old man had had type II diabetes mellitus for more than 30 years. Weiss' ring was detected by direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy. PVD was thus considered to be complete. On the other hand, fluorescein angiography showed two areas of hyperfluorescence at the margin of the retinal nonperfusion area. CONCLUSIONS The present case underscores the importance of periodic follow-up using fluorescein angiography, given the probability of retinal neovascularization development and proliferative changes for many years even in diabetic retinopathy associated with complete PVD.
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