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Yang Z, Wang K, Liu S, Li X, Wang H, Wang L, Zhang H, Yu H. Identification and functional analysis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase genes in the whiteflies Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2023; 23:16. [PMID: 37335595 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The juvenile hormone (JH) plays a vital role in the regulation of a number of physiological processes, including development, reproduction, and ovarian maturation. Isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase (IPPI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of JH. In this study, we identified an isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase protein from Bemisia tabaci and named it BtabIPPI. The open reading frame (ORF) of BtabIPPI is 768 bp and encodes a protein of 255 amino acids that contains a conserved domain of the Nudix family. The temporal and spatial expression profiles showed that BtabIPPI was highly expressed in the female adults.RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of BtabIPPI reduced JH titers and the relative expression of vitellogenin receptor (VgR) and JH signaling pathway genes, resulting in a dramatic reduction in fecundity and hatchability. These results indicate that the BtabIPPI gene plays an important role in the female fecundity of B. tabaci. This study will broaden our understanding of the function of IPPI in regulating insect reproduction and provide a theoretical basis for targeting IPPI for pest control in the future.
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Rühm W, Cho K, Larsson CM, Wojcik A, Clement C, Applegate K, Bochud F, Bouffler S, Cool D, Hirth G, Kai M, Laurier D, Liu S, Romanov S, Schneider T. Vancouver call for action to strengthen expertise in radiological protection worldwide. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2023; 62:175-180. [PMID: 37097458 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-023-01024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ionising radiation has been used for over a century for peaceful purposes, revolutionising health care and promoting well-being through its application in industry, science, and medicine. For almost as long, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has promoted understanding of health and environmental risks of ionising radiation and developed a protection system that enables the safe use of ionising radiation in justified and beneficial practices, providing protection from all sources of radiation. However, we are concerned that a shortage of investment in training, education, research, and infrastructure seen in many sectors and countries may compromise society's ability to properly manage radiation risks, leading to unjustified exposure to or unwarranted fear of radiation, impacting the physical, mental, and social well-being of our peoples. This could unduly limit the potential for research and development in new radiation technologies (healthcare, energy, and the environment) for beneficial purposes. ICRP therefore calls for action to strengthen expertise in radiological protection worldwide through: (1) National governments and funding agencies strengthening resources for radiological protection research allocated by governments and international organisations, (2) National research laboratories and other institutions launching and sustaining long-term research programmes, (3) Universities developing undergraduate and graduate university programmes and making students aware of job opportunities in radiation-related fields, (4) Using plain language when interacting with the public and decision makers about radiological protection, and (5) Fostering general awareness of proper uses of radiation and radiological protection through education and training of information multipliers. The draft call was discussed with international organisations in formal relations with ICRP in October 2022 at the European Radiation Protection Week in Estoril, Portugal, and the final call announced at the 6th International Symposium on the System of Radiological Protection of ICRP in November 2022 in Vancouver, Canada.
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Del Prado A, Lynch J, Liu S, Ridoutt B, Pardo G, Mitloehner F. Animal board invited review: Opportunities and challenges in using GWP* to report the impact of ruminant livestock on global temperature change. Animal 2023; 17:100790. [PMID: 37099893 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminant livestock is a large contributor of CH4 emissions globally. Assessing how this CH4 and other greenhouse gases (GHG) from livestock contribute to anthropogenic climate change is key to understanding their role in achieving any temperature targets. The climate impacts of livestock, as well as other sectors or products/services, are generally expressed as CO2-equivalents using 100-year Global Warming Potentials (GWP100). However, the GWP100 cannot be used to translate emission pathways of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) emissions to their temperature outcomes. A key limitation of handling long- and short-lived gases in the same manner is revealed in the context of any potential temperature stabilisation goals: to achieve this outcome, emissions of long-lived gases must decline to net-zero, but this is not the case for SLCPs. A recent alternative metric, GWP* (so-called 'GWP-star'), has been proposed to overcome these concerns. GWP* allows for simple appraisals of warming over time for emission series of different GHGs that may not be obvious if using pulse-emission metrics (i.e. GWP100). In this article, we explore some of the strengths and limitations of GWP* for reporting the contribution of ruminant livestock systems to global temperature change. A number of case studies are used to illustrate the potential use of the GWP* metric to, for example, understand the current contribution of different ruminant livestock production systems to global warming, appraise how different production systems or mitigations compare (having a temporal element), and seeing how possible emission pathways driven by changes in production, emissions intensity and gas composition show different impacts over time. We suggest that for some contexts, particularly if trying to directly infer contributions to additional warming, GWP* or similar approaches can provide important insight that would not be gained from conventional GWP100 reporting.
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Zhang X, Miao J, Yang J, Liu C, Huang J, Song J, Xie D, Yue C, Kong W, Hu J, Luo W, Liu S, Li F, Zi W. DWI-Based Radiomics Predicts the Functional Outcome of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:536-542. [PMID: 37080720 PMCID: PMC10171394 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endovascular treatment is a reference treatment for acute basilar artery occlusion (ABAO). However, no established and specific methods are available for the preoperative screening of patients with ABAO suitable for endovascular treatment. This study explores the potential value of DWI-based radiomics in predicting the functional outcomes of endovascular treatment in ABAO. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with ABAO treated with endovascular treatment from the BASILAR registry (91 patients in the training cohort) and the hospitals in the Northwest of China (31 patients for the external testing cohort) were included in this study. The Mann-Whitney U test, random forests algorithm, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used to reduce the feature dimension. A machine learning model was developed on the basis of the training cohort to predict the prognosis of endovascular treatment. The performance of the model was evaluated on the independent external testing cohort. RESULTS A subset of radiomics features (n = 6) was used to predict the functional outcomes in patients with ABAO. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the radiomics model were 0.870 and 0.781 in the training cohort and testing cohort, respectively. The accuracy of the radiomics model was 77.4%, with a sensitivity of 78.9%, specificity of 75%, positive predictive value of 83.3%, and negative predictive value of 69.2% in the testing cohort. CONCLUSIONS DWI-based radiomics can predict the prognosis of endovascular treatment in patients with ABAO, hence allowing a potentially better selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from this treatment.
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Liu S, Wang Q, Wang W, Wu L, Ma Z, Wang L, Chang G, Ding J, Hua L, Chen H, Li S, Wang W. [High-fat intake alleviates lung injury induced by Paragonimus proliferus infection in rats through up-regulating CYP 4A1 expression in lung tissues]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2023; 35:171-176. [PMID: 37253566 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the improvements of high-fat intake on lung injury induced by Paragonimus proliferus infection in rats, and to preliminarily explore the mechanisms underlying the role of cytochrome P450 4A1 (CYP 4A1) in the improve ments. METHODS SD rats were randomly assigned into three groups, including the normal control group (n = 10), the infection and normal diet group (n = 12) and the infection and high-fat diet group (n = 12). Rats in the normal control group were fed with normal diet and without any other treatments, and animals in the infection and normal diet group were subcutaneously injected with 8 excysted metacercariae of P. proliferus via the abdominal wall, followed by feeding with normal diet, while rats in the infection and high-fat diet group were subcutaneously injected with 8 excysted metacercariae of P. proliferus via the abdominal wall, followed by feeding with high-fat diet. All rats were sacrificed 28 weeks post-infection, and serum samples and lung specimens were collected. Following hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of rat lung specimens, the rat lung injury was observed under an optical microscope, and alveolitis was evaluated using semi-quantitative scoring. Serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the cytochrome P450 4A1 (CYP 4A1) expression was quantified in rat lung specimens at transcriptional and translational levels using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting assays. RESULTS Alveolar wall thickening, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration were alleviated 28 weeks post-infection with P. proliferus in rats in the infection and high-fat diet group relative to the infection and normal diet group, and no alveolar consolidation was seen in the infection and high-fat diet group. The semi-quantitative score of alveolitis was significantly higher in the infection and normal diet group [(2.200 ± 0.289) points] than in the normal control group [(0.300 ± 0.083) points] and the infection and high-fat diet group [(1.300 ± 0.475) points] (both P values < 0.05), and higher serum IL-1β [(151.586 ± 20.492)] pg/mL and TNF-α levels [(180.207 ± 23.379) pg/mL] were detected in the infection and normal diet group than in the normal control group [IL-1β: (103.226 ± 3.366) pg/mL; TNF-α: (144.807 ± 1.348) pg/mL] and the infection and high-fat diet group [IL-1β: (110.131 ± 12.946) pg/mL; TNF-α: (131.764 ± 27.831) pg/mL] (all P values < 0.05). In addition, lower CYP 4A1 mRNA (3.00 ± 0.81) and protein expression (0.40 ± 0.02) was quantified in lung specimens in the infection and normal diet group than in the normal control group [(5.03 ± 2.05) and (0.84 ± 0.14)] and the infection and high-fat diet group [(11.19 ± 3.51) and (0.68 ± 0.18)] (all P values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS High-fat intake may alleviate lung injuries caused by P. proliferus infection in rats through up-regulating CYP 4A1 expression in lung tissues at both translational and transcriptional levels.
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Liu YH, Wang JJ, Wang HZ, Liu S, Wu YC, Hu SG, Yu Q, Liu Z, Chen TP, Yin Y, Liu Y. Braille recognition by E-skin system based on binary memristive neural network. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5437. [PMID: 37012399 PMCID: PMC10070348 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31934-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Braille system is widely used worldwide for communication by visually impaired people. However, there are still some visually impaired people who are unable to learn Braille system due to various factors, such as the age (too young or too old), brain damage, etc. A wearable and low-cost Braille recognition system may substantially help these people recognize Braille or assist them in Braille learning. In this work, we fabricated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based flexible pressure sensors to construct an electronic skin (E-skin) for the application of Braille recognition. The E-skin mimics human touch sensing function for collecting Braille information. Braille recognition is realized with a neural network based on memristors. We utilize a binary neural network algorithm with only two bias layers and three fully connected layers. Such neural network design remarkably reduces the calculation burden and, thus, the system cost. Experiments show that the system can achieve a recognition accuracy of up to 91.25%. This work demonstrates the possibility of realizing a wearable and low-cost Braille recognition system and a Braille learning-assistance system.
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Li HJ, Shen YL, Huang X, Liu S, Yi P. Application effect of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing process in emergency care of patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023; 27:2745-2750. [PMID: 37070873 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202304_31902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of applying multidisciplinary collaborative nursing process (MCNP) in the emergency care of patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 124 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage admitted to Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 was divided into control group (treated with regular emergency care, n=64) and study group (treated with MNCP, n=58). The effect of emergency treatment was compared between the two groups. RESULTS Compared to the control group, initial treatment time, time of opening peripheral veins, first blood drawing time, time of imaging examination, emergency room treatment time, and hospital stay time were lower in MCNP group, the difference was significant (p<0.05). There were significant differences in Functional Independence Assessment (FIM) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scale scores between the control group and the MCNP group in treatment for 1 week in hospital (p<0.05). The level of total bile acid (TBA) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in the MCNP group were significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.05). The nursing satisfaction in MCNP was also improved compared to that in the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS MCNP enhances the rational improvement of patients' awareness, improves the comprehensive quality of emergency treatments and optimizes prognosis; therefore, it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
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Hua C, Zhang WN, Lyu YY, Ren JZ, Liu S, Miao YX, Sui ZY, Mao KP. [Comparison of the application methods and effects of skin flaps in the repair of defects in different parts of the nose according to the concept of aesthetic nosesubunits]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2023; 58:339-344. [PMID: 36992642 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20220926-00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the difference of application methods and effects of local flap in small and medium-sized defects of different aesthetic subunits of nose, in order to provide reference for clinical work. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on 59 patients with external nasal masses and scars who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from July 1, 2021 to January 30, 2022, including 27 females and 32 males, aged 15 to 69 years. Using Likert scale, the repair methods and effects of local flap for nasal soft tissue defects were evaluated and summarized from three aspects of texture, flatness and scar concealment. GraphPad Prism 5.0 software was used for data statistics and analysis. Results: The use of skin flaps to repair small and medium-sized areas of the nose could achieve satisfactory results. For patients with different subunits, in terms of skin flatness and scar concealment degree in the operation area, patients' satisfaction with the dorsal and lateral nasal areas was higher than that of the alar and tip areas, respectively (F=6.40, P=0.001; F=10.57, P<0.001). For patients with different skin flap repair methods, the satisfaction of patients with Z-plasty and Dufourmentel skin flap was higher than that of other skin flap repair methods (F=4.38, P=0.002), and the satisfaction of patients with Dufourmentel skin flap was the highest in the degree of scar concealment (F=2.57, P=0.038). Conclusions: In the small and medium-sized defects of the nose, the use of multiple local flaps can achieve good cosmetic effects and functional recovery. The operator should select the appropriate flap repair method according to the characteristics of different aesthetic subunits of the nose.
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Fang BL, Xu F, Lu GP, Ren XX, Zhang YC, Jin YP, Wang Y, Liu CF, Cheng YB, Yang QZ, Xiao SF, Yang YY, Huo XM, Lei ZX, Dang HX, Liu S, Wu ZY, Li KC, Qian SY, Zeng JS. [Analysis of risk factors of mortality in infants and toddlers with moderate to severe pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2023; 61:216-221. [PMID: 36849347 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20221108-00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To identify the risk factors in mortality of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods: Second analysis of the data collected in the "efficacy of pulmonary surfactant (PS) in the treatment of children with moderate to severe PARDS" program. Retrospective case summary of the risk factors of mortality of children with moderate to severe PARDS who admitted in 14 participating tertiary PICU between December 2016 to December 2021. Differences in general condition, underlying diseases, oxygenation index, and mechanical ventilation were compared after the group was divided by survival at PICU discharge. When comparing between groups, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for measurement data, and the chi-square test was used for counting data. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the accuracy of oxygen index (OI) in predicting mortality. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for mortality. Results: Among 101 children with moderate to severe PARDS, 63 (62.4%) were males, 38 (37.6%) were females, aged (12±8) months. There were 23 cases in the non-survival group and 78 cases in the survival group. The combined rates of underlying diseases (52.2% (12/23) vs. 29.5% (23/78), χ2=4.04, P=0.045) and immune deficiency (30.4% (7/23) vs. 11.5% (9/78), χ2=4.76, P=0.029) in non-survival patients were significantly higher than those in survival patients, while the use of pulmonary surfactant (PS) was significantly lower (8.7% (2/23) vs. 41.0% (32/78), χ2=8.31, P=0.004). No significant differences existed in age, sex, pediatric critical illness score, etiology of PARDS, mechanical ventilation mode and fluid balance within 72 h (all P>0.05). OI on the first day (11.9(8.3, 17.1) vs.15.5(11.7, 23.0)), the second day (10.1(7.6, 16.6) vs.14.8(9.3, 26.2)) and the third day (9.2(6.6, 16.6) vs. 16.7(11.2, 31.4)) after PARDS identified were all higher in non-survival group compared to survival group (Z=-2.70, -2.52, -3.79 respectively, all P<0.05), and the improvement of OI in non-survival group was worse (0.03(-0.32, 0.31) vs. 0.32(-0.02, 0.56), Z=-2.49, P=0.013). ROC curve analysis showed that the OI on the thind day was more appropriate in predicting in-hospital mortality (area under the curve= 0.76, standard error 0.05,95%CI 0.65-0.87,P<0.001). When OI was set at 11.1, the sensitivity was 78.3% (95%CI 58.1%-90.3%), and the specificity was 60.3% (95%CI 49.2%-70.4%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, sex, pediatric critical illness score and fluid load within 72 h, no use of PS (OR=11.26, 95%CI 2.19-57.95, P=0.004), OI value on the third day (OR=7.93, 95%CI 1.51-41.69, P=0.014), and companied with immunodeficiency (OR=4.72, 95%CI 1.17-19.02, P=0.029) were independent risk factors for mortality in children with PARDS. Conclusions: The mortality of patients with moderate to severe PARDS is high, and immunodeficiency, no use of PS and OI on the third day after PARDS identified are the independent risk factors related to mortality. The OI on the third day after PARDS identified could be used to predict mortality.
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Ni H, Zhou C, Hang Y, Jia ZY, Cao YZ, Shi HB, Liu S, Zhao LB. Endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke caused by isolated internal carotid artery occlusion: treatment strategies, outcomes, and prognostic factors. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:451-458. [PMID: 36932006 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To describe the experience of endovascular treatment (EVT) of acute ischaemic stroke caused by isolated internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion, with emphasis on treatment strategies, outcomes, and prognostic factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective examination was performed of 66 consecutive patients with acute moderate-to-severe stroke who underwent EVT for isolated ICA occlusion from July 2016 to June 2021. The modified thrombolysis in cerebral ischaemia (mTICI) score was used to evaluate reperfusion outcomes. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with poor 90-day outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] 3-6). RESULTS The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) median score of the 66 patients at admission was 15. Twelve patients (18.2%) showed thrombus migration to the M1 segment or proximal M2 during EVT and underwent additional intracranial thrombectomy. Successful reperfusion (mTICI 2b-3) was achieved in 60 patients (90.9%) and complete reperfusion (mTICI 3) in 42 (63.6%). A poor functional outcome was seen in 27 patients (40.9%). The rate of 90-day mortality was 9.1% (6/66). Higher NIHSS scores and a lower Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) were independently associated with poor outcomes. Complete reperfusion was the only treatment factor with a significant predictive value (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.03; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.25; p=0.001). CONCLUSION Endovascular therapy is safe and effective in patients with acute ischaemic stroke due to isolated ICA occlusion. Prevention of thrombus migration and complete reperfusion should be the aim of EVT.
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Chen H, Wang X, Lan X, Yu T, Li L, Tang S, Liu S, Jiang F, Wang L, Zhang J. A radiomics model development via the associations with genomics features in predicting axillary lymph node metastasis of breast cancer: a study based on a public database and single-centre verification. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e279-e287. [PMID: 36623978 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the predictive performance of the radiomics model in predicting axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis through the associations between radiomics features and genomic features in patients with breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with breast cancer were enrolled retrospectively from a public database (111 patients as training group) and one hospital (15 patients as external validation group). The genomics features from transcriptome data and radiomics features from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were collected. Firstly, overlapping genes were identified using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and differentially expressed gene analysis, while radiomics features were reduced using a data-driven method. Then, the associations between overlapping genes and retained radiomics features were assessed to obtain key pairs of radiomics-genomics features. Furthermore, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was used to detect the key-pairs features. Finally, radiomics and genomics models were constructed to predict ALN metastasis. RESULTS After using the hybrid data- and gene-driven selection method, key pairs of features were detected, which consisted of six radiomic features associated with four genomic features. The radiomics model exhibited comparable performance to the genomics model in predicting ALN metastasis (radiomic model: area under the curve [AUC] = 0.71, sensitivity = 77%, specificity = 56%; genomic model: AUC = 0.72, sensitivity = 85%, specificity = 74%). The four genomic features were enriched in six pathways and related to metabolism and human diseases. CONCLUSION The radiomics model established using the gene-driven hybrid selection method could predict ALN metastasis in breast cancer, which showed comparable performance to the genomics model.
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Patil S, Wagh K, Lopes B, Liu S, Wen F. ESBL encoding third-generation cephalosporin resistance observed in bloodstream infection in India. J Hosp Infect 2023; 133:98-99. [PMID: 36657491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Hartnell GF, Lemke S, Moore D, Matthews A, Nemeth MA, Brister R, Liu S, Aulbach C. Performance and health of broiler chickens fed low erucic acid, lower fiber pennycress (CoverCress TM) grain. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102432. [PMID: 36682128 PMCID: PMC10014341 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CoverCress (low erucic acid, lower fiber pennycress) is being developed as a cover crop to be planted in the fall after corn and harvested in the spring prior to planting soybeans. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate 2 lines of the whole grain (CCWG-1: natural mutation and mutation breeding; CCWG-2: gene edited) and the whole grain pretreated with the potential palatability agent copper sulfate (CCWG-1-CuSO4; CCWG-2-CuSO4) as an ingredient for broilers. In Experiment 1, CCWG-1-CuSO4 was included in the diet at 0, 4, and 6% for 41 d. Feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion, processing characteristics, organ weights, serum thyroid, macropathology and histology data were collected. In Experiment 2, broilers were fed diets containing Control, 2% CCWG-1, 4% CCWG-1, 4% CCWG-2, and 4.35% CCWG-1-CuSO4 for 42 d. Feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion, organ weights, serum thyroid, blood chemistries, macropathology, and histology data were collected. In Experiment 1, feed intake and body weight were diminished with no effect on feed conversion for the birds consuming diets containing CCWG-1-CuSO4. In Experiment 2, feed intake and body weight were lower with no difference in feed conversion in birds fed diets containing greater than 2% CoverCress grain during d 0 to 28. During d 28 to 42 no difference in feed intake, body weight and an improvement in feed conversion was observed in birds fed all of the CoverCress grain products. In both experiments no significant negative effects were observed in processing, liver, kidney, and thyroid weights, T3, T4, blood chemistries, macropathology, and histopathology between the control and any of the CoverCress grain treatments. No difference in performance was observed in birds fed the mutant (4% CCWG-1) and gene-edited (4% CCWG-2) products. Pretreating CoverCress grain with copper sulfate did not have a significant effect on improving palatability. In conclusion, CoverCress grain can be safely fed to broilers when included at a target rate of 4% in diets and with total glucosinolate levels not to exceed 4.9 µmoles g-1.
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Zhou C, Cao YZ, Jia ZY, Zhao LB, Lu SS, Shi HB, Liu S. Endovascular Recanalization of Symptomatic Chronic ICA Occlusion: Procedural Outcomes and Radiologic Predictors. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:303-310. [PMID: 36822826 PMCID: PMC10187816 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endovascular recanalization has been attempted in patients with symptomatic chronic ICA occlusion, however, the heterogeneity of recanalization outcomes and the perioperative complications present challenges for the clinical application. Our aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular recanalization for symptomatic chronic ICA occlusion and identify potential predictors for successful recanalization. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 47 consecutive patients with symptomatic chronic ICA occlusion who underwent endovascular recanalization at our institution. Patients' clinical information, radiologic characteristics, procedural results, and outcomes were recorded. Factors related to technical success were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS The technical success rate was 74.5% (35/47); 12.8% of patients (6/47) experienced intraoperative complications, but none had permanent neurologic deficits. Three months after recanalization, 21 of the 29 recanalized patients (72.4%) and 3 of the 10 failed patients (30.0%) demonstrated improved mRS scores. Restenosis or re-occlusion occurred in 12.9% of patients (4/31) with successful recanalization. Multivariate analysis showed that tapered or blunt stump (P = .016), distal ICA occlusion segment (below the cavernous segment versus at or above the ophthalmic segment, P = .003; at the cavernous or clinoid segment versus at or above the ophthalmic segment, P = .027), and radiologic occlusion to recanalization of ≤3 months (P = .044) were significantly associated with successful recanalization. Patients were assigned points according to the coefficients of the prediction model, and the technical success rates were 0%, 46.2%, 90.5%, and 100% in patients with 1, 2, 3, and 4 points, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Endovascular recanalization is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic chronic ICA occlusion in selected patients. A residual stump, low levels of the distal ICA occlusion segment, and a short radiologic occlusion time were identified as positive predictors of technical success.
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Manduca S, Mabud T, Liu S, Taslakian B, Morris E, Kulkarni K. Abstract No. 146 Effect of Embolic Particle Size on Outcomes of Uterine Artery Embolization for Mixed Adenomyosis/Fibroids: Are Smaller Particles Needed? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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Li S, Li L, Min S, Liu S, Qin Z, Xiong Z, Xu J, Wang B, Ding D, Zhao S. [Soybean isoflavones alleviate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting ferroptosis and inflammatory cascade reaction]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:323-330. [PMID: 36946055 PMCID: PMC10034535 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.02.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism that mediates the effect of soybean isoflavones (SI) against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in light of the regulation of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), ferroptosis, inflammatory response and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. METHODS A total of 120 male SD rats were equally randomized into sham-operated group (Sham group), cerebral I/R injury group and SI pretreatment group (SI group). Focal cerebral I/R injury was induced in the latter two groups using a modified monofilament occlusion technique, and the intraoperative changes of real-time cerebral cortex blood flow were monitored using a laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF). The postoperative changes of cerebral pathological morphology and the ultrastructure of the neurons and the BBB were observed with optical and transmission electron microscopy. The neurological deficits of the rats was assessed, and the severities of cerebral infarction, brain edema and BBB disruption were quantified. The contents of Fe2+, GSH, MDA and MPO in the ischemic penumbra were determined with spectrophotometric tests. Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1βwere analyzed using ELISA, and the expressions of GPX4, MMP-9 and occludin around the lesion were detected with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The rCBF was sharply reduced in the rats in I/R group and SI group after successful insertion of the monofilament. Compared with those in Sham group, the rats in I/R group showed significantly increased neurological deficit scores, cerebral infarction volume, brain water content and Evans blue permeability (P < 0.01), decreased Fe2+ level, increased MDA level, decreased GSH content and GPX4 expression (P < 0.01), increased MPO content and serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β (P < 0.01), increased MMP-9 expression and lowered occludin expression (P < 0.01). All these changes were significantly ameliorated in rats pretreated with IS prior to I/R injury (P < 0.05 or 0.01). CONCLUSION SI preconditioning reduces cerebral I/R injury in rats possibly by improving rCBF, inhibiting ferroptosis and inflammatory response and protecting the BBB.
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Wang K, Yang Z, Li X, Liu S, Wang L, Zhang H, Yu H. A Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor BtabHNF4 Mediates Desiccation Tolerance and Fecundity in Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 52:138-147. [PMID: 36462170 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) is essential for glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism in insects. However, little is known about the role of HNF4 in whiteflies. In the present study, we identified a hepatocyte nuclear factor protein from Bemsia tabaci (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and named it BtabHNF4. The full-length of BtabHNF4 was 3,006 bp, encoding a sequence of 434 amino acids that contains a conserved zinc-finger DNA-binding domain (DBD) and a well-conserved ligand-binding domain (LBD). The temporal and spatial expression showed that BtabHNF4 was highly expressed in the female adult stage and abdominal tissues of B. tabaci. A leaf-mediated RNA interference method was used to explore the function of BtabHNF4 in whiteflies. Our results showed that the knockdown of BtabHNF4 influences the desiccation tolerance, egg production, and egg hatching rate of whiteflies. Additionally, BtabHNF4 silencing significantly inhibited the expression level of vitellogenin. These results expand the function of HNF4 and pave the way for understanding the molecular mechanisms of HNF4 in regulating multiple physiological processes.
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Wang ZZ, Han KN, Li J, Gao Y, Guo W, Xie J, Liu S. [Prognostic analysis of acute pulmonary thromboembolism with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2023; 46:137-143. [PMID: 36740373 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20221011-00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and to explore the prognostic factors of acute pulmonary embolism(APE) with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation(AF). Methods: The medical records of inpatients with APE discharged from Beijing Anzhen Hospital between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical symptoms, complications, laboratory results, echocardiographic parameters, simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) and adverse in-hospital outcome were compared between the newly diagnosed AF group and the sinus rhythm group. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of adverse in-hospital outcome with APE. Results: Fifty-one patients were included in newly diagnosed AF group and 102 cases in the sinus rhythm group. The patients in newly diagnosed AF group had greater sPESI scores, higher proportion of sPESI≥2 scores, higher incidence of adverse in-hospital outcome as well as longer hospital stay days. Newly diagnosed AF and sPESI≥2 scores were independent predictors affecting adverse in-hospital outcome. The area under ROC curve in newly diagnosed AF combined with sPESI≥2 scores was largest. Conclusions: The APE patients with newly diagnosed AF were more severely ill and prone to in-hospital adverse outcome. Newly diagnosed AF was an independent predictor affecting adverse in-hospital outcome. sPESI≥2 combined with newly diagnosed AF scores had a high predictive value for the occurrence of in-hospital adverse outcome.
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Sternbach AJ, Moore SL, Rikhter A, Zhang S, Jing R, Shao Y, Kim BSY, Xu S, Liu S, Edgar JH, Rubio A, Dean C, Hone J, Fogler MM, Basov DN. Negative refraction in hyperbolic hetero-bicrystals. Science 2023; 379:555-557. [PMID: 36758086 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
We visualized negative refraction of phonon polaritons, which occurs at the interface between two natural crystals. The polaritons-hybrids of infrared photons and lattice vibrations-form collimated rays that display negative refraction when passing through a planar interface between the two hyperbolic van der Waals materials: molybdenum oxide (MoO3) and isotopically pure hexagonal boron nitride (h11BN). At a special frequency ω0, these rays can circulate along closed diamond-shaped trajectories. We have shown that polariton eigenmodes display regions of both positive and negative dispersion interrupted by multiple gaps that result from polaritonic-level repulsion and strong coupling.
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Zhu Z, Tang T, He Z, Wang F, Chen H, Chen G, Zhou J, Liu S, Wang J, Tian W, Chen D, Wu X, Liu X, Zhou Z, Liu S. Uniaxial cyclic stretch enhances osteogenic differentiation of OPLL-derived primary cells via YAP-Wnt/β-catenin axis. Eur Cell Mater 2023; 45:31-45. [PMID: 36749152 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v045a03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of posterior longitudinal ligament ossification (OPLL) remains inadequately understood. Mechanical stimulation is one of the important pathogenic factors in OPLL. As one of the mechanical stimulation transduction signals, the yes-associated protein (YAP) interacts with the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, which plays an important role in osteogenic differentiation. This study aimed to demonstrate the role of YAP-Wnt/β-catenin axis in cell differentiation induced by mechanical stress. Primary cells extracted from posterior longitudinal ligament tissues from OPLL or non-OPLL patients were subjected to sinusoidal uniaxial cyclic stretch (5 %, 0.5 Hz, 3 d). The expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, collagen I, osterix, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase were compared between the static and the experimental groups. In addition, the cytoskeleton was detected using phalloidin staining while YAP phosphorylation states and nuclear location were identified using immunofluorescence. The results showed that mechanical stretching loading increased the expression of osteogenic genes and proteins in the OPLL group, while it had no significant effect on the control group. When OPLL cells were stretched, YAP exhibited an obvious nuclear translocation and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was activated. Knocking down YAP or β-catenin could weaken the impact upon osteogenic differentiation induced by mechanical stimulation. YAP-mediated mechanical stimulation promoted osteogenic differentiation of OPLL cells through Wnt/β-catenin pathway and this progress was independent of the Hippo pathway.
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Mariscal DA, Djordjević BZ, Anirudh R, Bremer T, Campbell PC, Feister S, Folsom E, Grace ES, Hollinger R, Jacobs SA, Kailkhura B, Kalantar D, Kemp AJ, Kim J, Kur E, Liu S, Ludwig J, Morrison J, Nedbailo R, Ose N, Park J, Rocca JJ, Scott GG, Simpson RA, Song H, Spears B, Sullivan B, Swanson KK, Thiagarajan J, Wang S, Williams GJ, Wilks SC, Wyatt M, Van Essen B, Zacharias R, Zeraouli G, Zhang J, Ma T. A flexible proton beam imaging energy spectrometer (PROBIES) for high repetition rate or single-shot high energy density (HED) experiments (invited). THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:023507. [PMID: 36859040 DOI: 10.1063/5.0101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The PROBIES diagnostic is a new, highly flexible, imaging and energy spectrometer designed for laser-accelerated protons. The diagnostic can detect low-mode spatial variations in the proton beam profile while resolving multiple energies on a single detector or more. When a radiochromic film stack is employed for "single-shot mode," the energy resolution of the stack can be greatly increased while reducing the need for large numbers of films; for example, a recently deployed version allowed for 180 unique energy measurements spanning ∼3 to 75 MeV with <0.4 MeV resolution using just 20 films vs 180 for a comparable traditional film and filter stack. When utilized with a scintillator, the diagnostic can be run in high-rep-rate (>Hz rate) mode to recover nine proton energy bins. We also demonstrate a deep learning-based method to analyze data from synthetic PROBIES images with greater than 95% accuracy on sub-millisecond timescales and retrained with experimental data to analyze real-world images on sub-millisecond time-scales with comparable accuracy.
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Liu S, Patanwala AE, Naylor JM, Penm J. Effect of discharge opioid use on persistent postoperative opioid use. Anaesthesia 2023; 78:659. [PMID: 36716347 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Liu S, Liu JJ, Ang K, Lim SC. Incident heart failure and the subsequent risk for progression to end stage kidney disease in South East Asian people with type 2 diabetes. Eur Heart J 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac779.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Singapore National Medical Research Council grants: CSA-INV/0020/2017 and CS-IRG (MOH-000066)
Background
Heart failure (HF) is a common but often unrecognized complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Both low eGFR and high albuminuria are strong risk factors for development of HF in diabetic population. However, data on the role of HF in long-term kidney disease outcome are sparse.
Aim
We sought to study the risk for progression to end stage kidney disease (ESKD) after incident HF in multi-ethnic South East Asian people with type 2 diabetes.
Participants and Methods
A total of 1,756 individuals with type 2 diabetes recruited from a regional hospital were followed for a median of 7.3 (interquartile range 6.8-7.8) years. Incident HF was identified according to European Society of Cardiology 2016 criteria. HF was subtyped into preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) cut-off at ≥50% and <50% respectively. Progression to ESKD was defined as patients with sustained eGFR <15ml/min per 1.73m2 with confirmation measurement 3 months apart, or on sustained dialysis for at least 3 months or death attributable to renal cause, whichever occurred first. The risk of progression to ESKD after HF was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
Results
Average age of participants was 57±11 years with diabetes duration of 11 (IQR 4-15) years. There were 52% Chinese, 22% Malay and 26% Asian Indian in the study participants. We identified 113 incident HF events (65 HFpEF and 48 HFrEF) during 11,869 patient-years (crude incidence rate 9.5 per 1000 patient-years). Individuals with HF occurrence were older, had a longer diabetes duration, higher body mass index, HbA1c and systolic blood pressure, and prevalent diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We identified 75 ESKD events in the follow-up (incidence rate 6.0 per 1000 patient-years) and 22 occurred after incident HF.
Cox regression model showed that incident HF was associated with 7.4-fold (95% CI 4.5-12.2) unadjusted risk for progression to ESKD. The association of HF with subsequent risk for ESKD remained statistically significant (adjusted hazard ratio, HR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3-4.2) after adjustment for multiple clinical risk factors including baseline eGFR and albuminuria. Similar outcome was obtained when death attributable to non-renal cause was taken as a competing risk for ESKD. In a fully adjusted model, both HFpEF and HFrEF patients had a higher risk for progression to ESKD (adjusted HR 2.8, 95%CI 1.4-5.9, and 2.2, 95%CI 1.0-4.7, respectively), as compared to those with no HF events. The incidence rate of ESKD in patients with incident HF was 5.6 per 100 patient-years whilst in propensity score-matched patients without HF event, the rate was 2.1 per 100 patient-years.
Conclusion
Incident HF is a strong independent risk factor for progression to ESKD in individuals with T2D. Our data highlight the importance for prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of HF to improve the renal outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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Liu JJ, Liu S, Ang KA, Lim SC. Estimated glucose disposal rate, a novel biomarker for insulin sensitivity, predicts risk for incident heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes. Eur Heart J 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac779.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Singapore National Medical Research Council
Singapore Khoo Teck Puat Hospital STAR grant
Background
Although a low insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance) has been considered as one of the drivers for heart failure, data on the role of insulin resistance in incident HF in diabetic population are still scarce. Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), a novel biomarker for insulin sensitivity derived from three clinically available variables, was developed in type 1 diabetes and recently validated in type 2 diabetes by the gold standard euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp. We hypothesize that a high level of eGDR is associated with a low risk for incident HF in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Objective
In this prospective cohort study, we aim to examine whether eGDR, the novel biomarker for insulin sensitivity in diabetic population, predicts risk for incident HF in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
1685 outpatients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from a regional hospital and a primary care centre from January 2011 to March 2014. Incident HF was defined by European Society of Cardiology 2016 criteria (NT-proBNP > 125 pg/ml with echocardiographic evidence). eGDR (mg/kg/min) was calculated as: 21.158 - (0.09 × waist circumference in cm)- (3.407 × hypertension, 1=yes 0=no) - (0.551 × HbA1c%). A higher eGDR indicates a high insulin sensitivity. The association of baseline eGDR with risk for incident HF was examined by survival analysis.
Results
The average age of participants was 57 (SD 11) years old, diabetes duration 11 (SD 9) years, Chinese 52.4%, Malay 21.2% and Asian Indian 26.4. During 6.6 (SD 1.5) years follow-up (11092 patient-years), 155 incident HF events (88 HFpEF with LVEF > 50%, 67 HFrEF with LVEF <= 50%) were identified (crude incident rate 1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.6, per 100 patient-years). Cox regression model suggested that, as compared to the lowest tertile, participants with eGDR in the highest tertile had 88% lower risk (unadjusted HR 0.12, 95% CI 0.06-0.22) for development of incident HF. The association was only moderately attenuated (adjusted HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.16-0.63) after adjustment for demographic (age, sex, ethnicity) and cardio-renal variables (smoking, body mass index, diabetes duration, resting heart rate, lipid profile, kidney filtration function and albuminuria). As a continuous variable, one SD increment in eGDR was associated with 57% lower risk for HF after adjustment for multiple clinical risk factors (adjusted HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.31-0.59). In the fully adjusted model, a higher level of eGDR was significantly associated with a lower risk for both HFrEF and HFpEF (adjusted HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.23-0.67, and 0.40, 95% CI 0.26-0.63, respectively).
Conclusion
A higher level of eGDR is strongly associated with a lower risk for incident HF in patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that insulin resistance may play an important role in pathogenesis of HF. This simple novel biomarker may be explored to stratify risk for incident HF in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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Liu S, Zhang S, Su YX, Zhou X, Gong ZJ, Wu HJ. Optimization of total tongue functional reconstruction with the sushi roll technique and its application in pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023:S0901-5027(23)00003-6. [PMID: 36653273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A protuberant shape and sufficient volume are the most important parameters for total tongue reconstruction. The conventional pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap undergoes collapse due to atrophy of the denervated muscle. In a new technique, this flap was rolled up like sushi to reshape the neotongue. This study explored the feasibility and effect of the 'sushi roll' technique for precise total functional reconstruction of the tongue using a PMMC flap. Thirty patients scheduled for total glossectomy and PMMC flap reconstruction were recruited. The sushi roll technique was performed in 15 patients and the conventional repair in 15 patients. Outcomes were compared between the two groups. The flap survived in all 30 patients. The sushi roll group showed superior results to the conventional group in terms of time to oral alimentation (P = 0.012) and decannulation (P = 0.041), as well as swallowing function (P = 0.032), speech intelligibility (P < 0.001), shape (P < 0.001), and quality of life score (P < 0.001) at 12 months. The innovative sushi roll technique uses a folding method that utilizes the length rather than the thickness and width of the flap to maintain the volume and protuberance of the neotongue, which results in acceptable function and improved quality of life.
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