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Hwang JK, Kim JM, Kim YK, Kim SD, Park SC, Kim JI, Nam HW, Kim J, Moon IS. The early protective effect of glutamine pretreatment and ischemia preconditioning in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat. Transplant Proc 2014; 45:3203-8. [PMID: 24182785 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins (HSP) play an important role in protecting cells against stress. METHODS Using a rat model, we tested the hypothesis that pretreatment with glutamine (Gln) and ischemia preconditioning (IPC) increase the expression of HSP resulting in attenuation of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups [group I, Gln injection (+), IPC (+); group II, Gln injection (+), IPC (-); group III, saline injection (+), IPC (+); group IV, saline injection (+), IPC (-)]. Renal HSP70 expression was determined by Western blotting and kidney function was assessed by blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Renal cross-sections were microscopically examined for tubular necrosis, exfoliation of tubular epithelial cells, cast formation, and monocyte infiltration. RESULTS Gln pretreatment increased intrarenal HSP expression (P = .031). In group I, tubulointerstitial abnormalities were clearly slighter compared with the other groups (P < .001). CONCLUSION Our experiments suggest that (1) a single dose of Gln could induce HSP expression and (2) IPC could relieve renal I/R injury. In addition, IPC combined with Gln pretreatment had a synergic protective effect against renal I/R injury.
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Hwang JK, Chun HJ, Kim JM, Kwon KH, Kim YK, Kim SD, Park SC, Choi BS, Kim JI, Yang CW, Kim YS, Moon IS. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in the early period after kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 2014; 45:2925-30. [PMID: 24157005 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the usefulness of three-dimensional (3-D) contrast-enhanced (CE) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to assess renal parenchyma, arterial inflow stenosis, and peritransplant fluid collections in the early period after kidney transplantation (KT). Between January 2010 and April 2011, we examined a consecutive series of 144 renal transplants using 3-D CE MRA at 14 days after KT. MRA showed parenchyma infarctions (n = 17, 11.8%), arterial inflow stenoses (n = 23, 16%), lymphoceles (n = 14, 9.7%), and hematomas (n = 6, 4.2%). The degree of renal transplant artery inflow stenosis was graded qualitatively based on diameter criterion; <50% = mild, 50% to 70% = moderate, and >70% = severe in 10 (6.9%), 5 (3.5%), and 8 (5.6%) subjects, respectively. The study recipients were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of renal artery inflow stenosis (group I: normal; group II: mild and moderate, <70%; group III: severe, >70%). Among group III patients who underwent digital subtraction angiography, 5 had percutaneous transluminal angioplasty or stenting performed after 1 month. Their mean resume creatinine levels at 1, 6, and 12 months after transplantation were not significantly different from those in the other groups (P = .391, .447, .110). The prevalence of graft loss (n = 2) was high in group III (P = .012), although the frequency of acute rejection episodes was not different among the groups (P = .890). The incidences of renal parenchyma infarction, peritransplant fluid collection and arterial inflow stenosis were unexpectedly high in the early period after KT. Thus, 3-D CE MRA provided a rapid global assessment of the renal parenchyma, transplant arterial system, and peritransplant fluid collection that can be helpful to detect or exclude many causes of renal transplant dysfunction.
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Park SC, Song WS, Yoon SI. Structural analysis of a putative SAM-dependent methyltransferase, YtqB, from Bacillus subtilis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:921-6. [PMID: 24637210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases (MTases) methylate diverse biological molecules using a SAM cofactor. The ytqB gene of Bacillus subtilis encodes a putative MTase and its biological function has never been characterized. To reveal the structural features and the cofactor binding mode of YtqB, we have determined the crystal structures of YtqB alone and in complex with its cofactor, SAM, at 1.9 Å and 2.2 Å resolutions, respectively. YtqB folds into a β-sheet sandwiched by two α-helical layers, and assembles into a dimeric form. Each YtqB monomer contains one SAM binding site, which shapes SAM into a slightly curved conformation and exposes the reactive methyl group of SAM potentially to a substrate. Our comparative structural analysis of YtqB and its homologues indicates that YtqB is a SAM-dependent class I MTase, and provides insights into the substrate binding site of YtqB.
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Park SC, Song WS, Wi J, Yoon SI. Purification, crystallization and X-ray crystallographic studies on a putative methyltransferase, YtqB, from Bacillus subtilis. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2014; 70:482-4. [PMID: 24699744 PMCID: PMC3976068 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x14004130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases (MTases) catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from a SAM cofactor to specific substrate molecules, including small chemicals, proteins, DNAs and RNAs, and are required for various cellular functions, such as regulation of gene expression and biosynthesis of metabolites. Bacillus subtilis YtqB is a putative SAM-dependent MTase whose biological function has not been characterized. To provide biochemical and structural insights into the role of YtqB in bacteria, the recombinant YtqB protein was overexpressed in the Escherichia coli expression system and purified by chromatographic methods. YtqB crystals were obtained in PEG-containing conditions and diffracted to 1.68 Å resolution. The YtqB crystals belonged to space group P212121, with two molecules in the asymmetric unit.
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Kim MH, Park KM, Hwang JK, Park SC, Moon IS, Kim JI. The natural history of arteriovenous access and risk factors associated with access thrombosis after successful kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 2014; 46:602-6. [PMID: 24656023 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to determine the natural history of arteriovenous (AV) access after successful kidney transplantation (KT) and to identify the risk factors of spontaneous access closure in kidney transplant recipients. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of 115 patients who underwent KT with functioning access from June 2010 to July 2012. AV access patency was checked and recorded daily during the hospital stay and at every visit to the outpatient clinic. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the patency of access, and risk factors of access thrombosis were assessed. Access patency was followed up until patency was lost or the study was closed. RESULTS At the end of follow-up, 18 (15.7%) AV accesses had spontaneously closed. Mean time to closure was 119 ± 163 days, and 12 of 18 were closed within 90 days after KT. AV access spontaneously closed in 8.5% of male patients, compared with 27.3% of female patients (P = .007), 12.2% of cases with native access compared with 35.3% of cases with artificial access (P = .016), and 11.3% of cases with wrist access compared with 25.7% of cases with elbow access (P = .049). Spontaneously closed AV accesses tended to have a lower mean access flow compared with functioning accesses (P = .019). On multivariate analysis, female sex and AV access flow volume affected spontaneous AV access closure (odds ratio 4.749, 95% confidence interval 1.919-35.383, P = .008; odds ratio 0.998, 95% confidence interval 0.996-0.999, P = .010, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that AV access thrombosis occurs more frequently during the early postoperative period, particularly in female patients or patients with low flow access, whereas it is a rare event in male patients or patients with high access flow, especially in the late postoperative period.
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Jung HY, Kim KH, Park SC, Choi JY, Park SH, Kim CD, Kim YL, Cho JH. Recovery of renal function after acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy. Crit Care 2014. [PMCID: PMC4069587 DOI: 10.1186/cc13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Park SC, Kim EY, Kang YA, Park MS, Kim YS, Kim SK, Chang J, Jung JY. Validation of a scoring tool to predict drug-resistant pathogens in hospitalised pneumonia patients. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:704-9. [PMID: 23575340 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP) affects a heterogeneous group of patients in frequent contact with health care systems. However, HCAP criteria poorly predict infection with drug-resistant (DR) pathogens. OBJECTIVE To validate our previously reported risk-scoring model (predictive of DR pathogen infection) in patients admitted to hospital with pneumonia. DESIGN We evaluated 580 patients admitted with culture-positive bacterial pneumonia. We identified risk factors, evaluated the risk-scoring model's capacity to predict infection by DR pathogens and compared the model's diagnostic accuracy with that of current HCAP criteria. RESULTS DR pathogens were observed in 227/580 patients (39.1%). Of 269 HCAP patients, 153 (56.9%) were infected with DR pathogens. Overtreatment was more common in HCAP than in community-acquired pneumonia (58.7% vs. 41.2%, P < 0.001). Recent hospitalisation, admission from a long-term care facility, recent antibiotic treatment and tube feeding were independently associated with DR pathogens. For pathogen prediction, the risk-scoring model showed better diagnostic accuracy than HCAP criteria (area under receiver operating-characteristic curve = 0.723 vs. 0.673, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION According to current HCAP criteria, half of the HCAP patients were treated unnecessarily with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Risk scoring by stratifying risk factors could improve the identification of patients likely to be infected with DR pathogens.
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Mehta A, Park SC, Liebmann JM, Ritch R. Arcuate scotoma associated with traction at the optic disc. Eye (Lond) 2013; 27:572-4. [PMID: 23449516 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2013.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Kim HG, Park SC, Lee SL, Shin OR, Yoon SA, Yang CW, Kim Y, Kim YO. Arterial micro-calcification of vascular access is associated with aortic arch calcification and arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients. Semin Dial 2012; 26:216-22. [PMID: 22909025 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-139x.2012.01113.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification of the coronary arteries or aorta is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular outcome, but clinical significance of arterial micro-calcification (AMC) of vascular access is unclear in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Sixty-five patients awaiting vascular access operation were enrolled. We compared surrogate markers of cardiovascular morbidity such as aortic arch calcification (AoAC) by chest radiography, arterial stiffness by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and endothelial dysfunction by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) between patients with and without AMC of vascular access on von Kossa staining. AMC of vascular access was detected in 36 (55.4%). The AMC-positive group had significantly higher incidence of AoAC (63.9% vs. 20.7%, p < 0.001) and higher baPWV (26.5 ± 9.4 m/s vs. 19.8 ± 6.6 m/s, p = 0.006) than the AMC-negative group. There was no significant difference in FMD between the two groups (5.4 ± 2.6% vs. 5.7 ± 3.5%, p = 0.764). The AMC-positive group had higher incidence of diabetes mellitus, higher systolic blood pressure and wider pulse pressure than the AMC-negative group. This study suggests that AMC of vascular access may be associated with cardiovascular morbidity via AoAC and arterial stiffness in HD patients.
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Kim JH, Son JS, Choi YJ, Choresca CH, Shin SP, Han JE, Jun JW, Kang DH, Oh C, Heo SJ, Park SC. Isolation and characterization of a lytic Myoviridae bacteriophage PAS-1 with broad infectivity in Aeromonas salmonicida. Curr Microbiol 2012; 64:418-26. [PMID: 22314935 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-012-0091-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
To search for candidate control agents against Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida infections in aquaculture, one bacteriophage (phage), designated as PAS-1, was isolated from the sediment samples of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) culture farm in Korea. The PAS-1 was morphologically classified as Myoviridae and possessed approximately 48 kb of double-strand genomic DNA. The phage showed broad host ranges to other subspecies of A. salmonicida as well as A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida including antibiotic-resistant strains. Its latent period and burst size were estimated to be approximately 40 min and 116.7 PFU/cell, respectively. Furthermore, genomic and structural proteomic analysis of PAS-1 revealed that the phage was closely related to other Myoviridae phages infecting enterobacteria or Aeromonas species. The bacteriolytic activity of phage PAS-1 was evaluated using three subspecies of A. salmonicida strain at different doses of multiplicity of infection, and the results proved to be efficient for the reduction of bacterial growth. Based on these results, PAS-1 could be considered as a novel Aeromonas phage and might have potentiality to reduce the impacts of A. salmonicida infections in aquaculture.
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Kim SD, Hwang JK, Park SC, Kim JI, Moon IS, Park JS, Yun SS. Predictors of postoperative mortality of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: a retrospective clinical study. Yonsei Med J 2012; 53:772-80. [PMID: 22665345 PMCID: PMC3381467 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2012.53.4.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite significant improvements in surgery, anesthesia, and postoperative critical care, the postoperative mortality rate of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) has remained at 40% to 50% for several decades. Therefore, we evaluated factors associated with the postoperative mortality of RAAA. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 1999 to December 2008, a retrospective study was performed with 34 patients who underwent open repair of RAAA. The preoperative factors included age, sex, smoking, comorbidities, serum creatinine, hemoglobin, shock, pulse rate, and time from emergency room to operation room. The intraoperative factors included blood loss, transfusion, aortic clamping site and time, aneurysmal characteristics, rupture type, graft type, hourly urine output (HUO), and operative time. The postoperative factors included inotropic support, renal replacement therapy (RRT), reoperation, bowel ischemia, multiple organ failure (MOF), and intensive care unit stay. The 2-day and the 30-day mortality rates were analyzed separately. RESULTS The 2-day and the 30-day mortality rates were 14.7% and 41.2%, respectively. On univariate analysis, shock, transfusion, HUO, inotropic support and MOF for the 2-day mortality and serum creatinine, transfusion, aortic clamping site, HUO, inotropic support, RRT and MOF for the 30-day mortality were statistically significant. On multivariate analysis, shock, inotropic support and MOF for the 2-day mortality and aortic clamping site, RRT and MOF for the 30-day mortality were statistically significant. CONCLUSION To decrease the postoperative mortality rate of RAAA, prevention of massive hemorrhage and acute renal failure with infrarenal aortic clamping, as well as prompt operative control of bleeding and maintenance of systemic perfusion are important.
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Suh JH, Han KS, Kim BC, Hong CW, Sohn DK, Chang HJ, Kim MJ, Park SC, Park JW, Choi HS, Oh JH. Predictors for lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer. Endoscopy 2012; 44:590-5. [PMID: 22638780 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS It is critical that the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is evaluated for determining the suitability of endoscopic resection for T1 colorectal cancer (CRC). Reported risk factors for LNM in completely resected T1 CRC are deep submucosal invasion, grade 3, angiolymphatic invasion, and budding. The aim of the present study was to identify the histopathologic factors associated with LNM in T1 CRC. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study involved 435 patients with T1 CRC treated by endoscopic or surgical resection between January 2001 and April 2010 at the National Cancer Center, Korea. The 435 patients were classified into two groups - those undergoing surgical resection (n = 324) and those undergoing endoscopic resection (n = 111). In the surgically resected group, details regarding depth of submucosal invasion, angiolymphatic invasion, tumor grade, budding, and background adenoma (BGA) were evaluated with respect to presence or absence of LNM. In the endoscopically resected group, the results of follow-ups and additional salvage surgeries were studied. RESULTS In the surgically resected group, LNM was detected in 42 patients (13.0 %). Grade 3, angiolymphatic invasion, budding, and the absence of BGA were identified as factors associated with LNM in univariate and multivariate analyses (P < 0.05). Among the 50 patients in the endoscopically resected group with high risk, three were diagnosed as being LNM-positive during the follow-up period. There was no LNM in the endoscopically resected group with low risk. CONCLUSIONS Grade 3, angiolymphatic invasion, budding, and the absence of BGA are the risk factors that predict LNM in patients with T1 CRC. In cases where endoscopically resected T1 CRC has no risk factor, cautious follow-up could be recommended. However, if the tumor has any risk factor, additional surgical resection should be considered.
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Hwang JK, Kim YK, Kim SD, Park SC, Choi BS, Kim JI, Yang CW, Kim YS, Moon IS. Does donor kidney to recipient body weight ratio influence long-term outcomes of living-donor kidney transplantation? Transplant Proc 2012; 44:276-80. [PMID: 22310632 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of the donor kidney to recipient body weight (Kw/Rw) ratio on long-term graft function and survival. We investigated retrospectively whether there was any association between Kw/Rw ratio and long-term graft survival and function after a follow-up of >10 years. We studied a consecutive series of 123 adult-to-adult living kidney transplants. According to the Kw/Rw ratio, patients were divided into 3 groups: "low" (Kw/Rw <2.85; n = 29), "medium" (2.85 ≤ Kw/Rw < 4.04; n = 63), and "high" (≥4.04; n = 31). Among the 3 groups, the mean serum creatinine levels at 1 and 6 months as well as 1 year after transplantation were significantly lower among patients with a high Kw/Rw ratio than in those with a medium or low ratio, but serum creatinine levels at 3 and 5 years did not differ significantly (P = .394 and 0.620, respectively). Graft survival rates at 5 and 10 years after transplantation were significantly lower in the "low" group. We observed a significant association between Kw/Rw ratio and graft survival (P = .018). The Kw/Rw ratio is an important factor for long-term graft survival and early graft function. However, it did not significantly affect subsequent renal function.
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Saqib N, Park SC, Park T, Rhee RY, Chaer RA, Makaroun MS, Cho JS. Endovascular repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm does not confer survival benefits over open repair. J Vasc Surg 2012; 56:614-9. [PMID: 22572008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2012.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endovascular repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) is being increasingly performed despite lack of good evidence for its superiority. Other reported studies suffer from patient selection and publication bias with limited follow-up. This study is a single-center propensity score comparing early and midterm outcomes between open surgical repair (OSR) and endovascular repair of rAAA (REVAR). METHODS A retrospective review from January 2001 to November 2010 identified 312 patients who underwent rAAA repairs. Thirty-one patients with antecedent AAA repair and three with incomplete records were excluded, leaving 37 REVARs and 241 OSRs. Propensity score-based matching for sex, age, preoperative hemodynamic status, surgeon's annual AAA volume, and preoperative cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed in a 1:3 ratio to compare outcomes. Thirty-seven REVARs were matched with 111 OSRs. Late survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods. RESULTS Operative time and blood replacement were higher with OSR. Overall complication rates were similar (54% REVAR vs 66% OSR; P = .23), except for higher incidences of tracheostomies (21% vs 3%; P = .015), myocardial infarction (38% vs 18%; P = .036), and acute tubular necrosis (47% vs 21%; P = .009) with OSR. Operative mortality rates were similar (22% REVAR vs 32% OSR), with an odds ratio of 0.63 for REVAR (95% confidence interval = [0.24, 1.48]; P = .40). No differences in the incidences for secondary interventions for aneurysm- or graft-related complications were noted (22% REVAR vs 22% OSR; P = .99). Kaplan-Meier estimates of 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were also similar (50%, 50%, 42% REVAR vs 54%, 52%, 47% OSR; P = .66). CONCLUSIONS REVAR for rAAA does not seem to conclusively confer either acute or late survival advantages. Routine use of REVAR should be deferred until prospective, randomized trial data become available.
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Lee SD, Kim TH, Kim DY, Baek JY, Kim SY, Chang HJ, Park SC, Park JW, Oh JH, Jung KH. Lymph node ratio is an independent prognostic factor in patients with rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy and curative resection. Eur J Surg Oncol 2012; 38:478-83. [PMID: 22465588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Revised: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prognostic effect of lymph node ratio (LNR) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who were treated with curative resection after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS Between October 2001 and December 2007, 519 patients who had undergone curative resection of primary rectal cancer after preoperative CRT were enrolled. Of these, 154 patients were positive for lymph node (LN) metastasis and were divided into three groups according to the LNR (≤ 0.15 [n=80], 0.16-0.3 [n=44], >0.3 [n=30]) to evaluate the prognostic effect on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS LNR (≤ 0.15, 0.16-0.3, and >0.3) was significantly associated with 5-year OS (90.3%, 75.1%, and 45.1%; p<0.001) and DFS (66.7%, 55.8%, and 21.9%; p<0.001) rates. In a multivariate analysis, LNR (≤ 0.15, 0.16-0.3, and >0.3) was a significant independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratios [HRs], 1, 3.609, and 8.197; p<0.001) and DFS (HRs, 1, 1.699, and 3.960; p<0.001). LNR had a prognostic impact on OS and DFS in patients with <12 harvested LNs, as well as in those with ≥ 12 harvested LNs (p<0.05). CONCLUSION LNR was a significant independent prognostic predictor for OS and DFS in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who were treated with curative resection after preoperative CRT.
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Hager ES, Cho JS, Makaroun MS, Park SC, Chaer R, Marone L, Rhee RY. Endografts with suprarenal fixation do not perform better than those with infrarenal fixation in the treatment of patients with short straight proximal aortic necks. J Vasc Surg 2012; 55:1242-6. [PMID: 22277692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if there are any differences in outcomes between infrarenal fixation (IF) and suprarenal fixation (SF) endograft systems for the endovascular treatment (endovascular aneurysm repair [EVAR]) of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) with short, straight proximal aortic necks (<1.5 cm). METHODS A retrospective review of 1379 EVAR procedures was performed between the years of 2002 and 2009 at a single institution. The charts and radiographic images of all patients were reviewed. Patients who underwent EVAR with AAA morphology with short proximal necks were stratified into two groups: IF, Gore Excluder (W. L. Gore, Flagstaff, Ariz) group and SF, Cook Zenith (Cook, Bloomington, Ind) group. The primary end point for the study was the presence of proximal type 1 endoleaks. Secondary end points were graft migration at 1- and 2-year follow-up and aneurysm sac regression. The groups' demographics and comorbidities were also compared. RESULTS A total of 1379 EVARS were performed during the study period and 84 were identified as having a short proximal aortic neck. Sixty patients were in the IF group and 24 in the SF group. The average follow-up period was 18.6 months (IF) and 18.5 months (SF). There was no difference in the average proximal neck length (1.19 cm IF vs 1.14 cm SF; P = not significant [NS]) or the preoperative AAA size (5.8 cm IF vs 5.9 cm SF; P = NS). There were no significant differences in age (76.6 years IF vs 74.8 years SF; P = .32), gender (IF 66.7% vs SF 21.88% men; P = .053), or length of stay (2.2 days IF vs 1.9 days SF; P = .39). The comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, and warfarin use) were also similar. There were five type 1a endoleaks in group IF and one in group SF (P = .44) identified at the 1-month follow-up; however, only one patient in the IF group underwent intervention for enlargement of the AAA sac. At 1 year, there was persistence of one type 1a endoleak in both groups, but these were deemed dead-end leaks as they did not fill the sac nor lead to aneurysm growth. There were no migrations (>0.5 cm) noted in either group. Sac regression was observed at an average rate of 0.24 cm/year in the IF group and 0.26 cm/year in the SF group (P = NS). There were no aneurysm ruptures during the study period. CONCLUSIONS There are no significant differences in endograft migration or in the incidence of early and late type 1a endoleaks between endografts that use IF (Gore Excluder) and SF (Cook Zenith) fixation for patients with short aortic necks undergoing EVAR.
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Kim HS, Ahn CH, Park TS, Park HD, Koh KS, Ryoo ZY, Park SC, Lee S. Gene expression profiling of a cold-shocked earthworm Eisenia andrei. CRYO LETTERS 2012; 33:1-11. [PMID: 22434117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To identify genes that are modulated under cold-stress conditions in the earthworm Eisenia andrei, we performed a genome-wide analysis of gene expression in cold-shocked earthworms by using Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE). We identified 5,977 and 5,407 unique SAGE tags under normal and cold-stressed conditions, respectively. The majority of the SAGE tags did not match to any known expressed sequences, due to a paucity of expression data in earthworms. We converted the statistically significant SAGE tags for the cold-stressed condition into expressed sequence tags (ESTs), and the results showed that particular genes associated with energy homeostasis, cellular defense mechanisms, and ion balance were up-regulated or down-regulated. We constructed a regulatory network of some of these genes and identified rps-6 as a core gene in the cold-response regulatory-gene network. Our data provide a baseline for gene expression studies of cold shock in the Lumbricidae.
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Kim JH, Kim HK, Nguyen VG, Park BK, Choresca CH, Shin SP, Han JE, Jun JW, Park SC. Genomic sequence of infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) KLV-2010-01 originating from the first Korean outbreak in cultured Litopenaeus vannamei. Arch Virol 2011; 157:369-73. [PMID: 22038073 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-011-1155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to the need to track and monitor genetic diversity, the genome of the infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) strain KLV-2010-01 in cultured Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp that originated from the first Korean outbreak in 2010 was sequenced and analyzed. The genome, with a length of 3914 nucleotides, was sequenced from the Korean IHHNV. The genome encoded three large and overlapping open reading frames: ORF1 (NS-1) of 2001 bp, ORF2 (NS-2) of 1092 bp and ORF3 (capsid protein) of 990 bp. The overall organization, size and predicted amino acid sequence of the three ORFs in Korean IHHNV were highly similar to those of members of the infectious IHHNV group, and the most closely related strains were IHHNVs described from Ecuador and Hawaii. Additionally, phylogenetic analysis showed that the Korean IHHNV was clustered with lineage III in the infectious IHHNV group and was most similar to IHHNV isolates from Ecuador, China and Taiwan.
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Han SY, Kang BK, Kang BJ, Shin SP, Soen BH, Kim JM, Kim JH, Choresca CH, Han JE, Jun JW, Park SC. Prevalence and different characteristics of two serotypes of Streptococcus parauberis isolated from the farmed olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck and Schlegel), in Korea. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2011; 34:731-739. [PMID: 21916898 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2011.01289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of two serotypes of Streptococcus parauberis isolated from the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, was evaluated in a total of 29 isolates between 2003 and 2010 in Korea. Streptococcus parauberis isolates were divided into two serologically distinct types (serotype 1 and serotype 2), except for one strain (S1091), using an agglutination assay with rabbit antiserum, and serotype 1 was identified as the dominant type (24 of 29 isolates) in this study. To identify the characteristics of the two serotypes of S. parauberis, we conducted a biochemical test using the API 20 Strep kit, a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) assay, sequence analysis of 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region (ISR) and a pathogenicity test. In TEM, both serotypes possessed polysaccharide capsule layers around the cell surface when bacterial cells were treated with a homologous serotype of rabbit antiserum. However, we were unable to discriminate serotype-specific biochemical characteristics and genetic characteristics of 16S-23S rRNA ISR between the two serotypes. In the pathogenicity test, the serotype 1 strains induced significantly higher mortality than the serotype 2 strains in olive flounder when experimentally inoculated via the intraperitoneal route.
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95
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Choresca CH, Koo OJ, Hong SG, Oh HJ, Gomez DK, Kim JH, Lee BC, Park SC. Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on cell cycle synchronization of goldfish caudal fin derived fibroblasts cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 45:e73-7. [PMID: 19788515 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01525.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have previously been conducted regarding cell cycle synchronization in mammalian somatic cells. However, limited work has been performed on the control of cell cycle stages in the somatic cells of fish. The aim of this study was to determine the cell cycle arresting effects of several dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentrations for different times on different cell cycle stages of goldfish caudal fin-derived fibroblasts. Results demonstrated that the cycling cells or control group (68.29%) yields significantly higher (p < 0.05) arrest in G0/G1 phase compared with the group treated for 24 h with different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0% or 1.5%) of DMSO (64.88%, 65.70%, 64.22% respectively). The cell cycle synchronization in the treatment of cells with 1.0% DMSO at 48 h (81.14%) was significantly higher than that in the groups treated for 24 h (76.82%) and the control group (77.90%). Observations showed that treatment of DMSO resulted in an increase in the proportion of cells at G0/G1 phase for 48 h of culture. However, high levels of apoptotic cells can be detected after 48 h of culture treated with 1% concentration of DMSO.
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Hager E, Cho JS, Makaroun MS, Park SC, Chaer R, Marone L, Alkhoury G, Rhee R. RR30. Do Endografts with Suprarenal Fixation Perform Better than Those with Infrarenal Fixation in the Treatment of Patients with Short (<1.5 cm) Proximal Aortic Necks? J Vasc Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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97
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Kim SD, Hwang JK, Park SC, Kim JI, Moon IS. Relationship of Serum Ferritin, Cholesterol, and Intimal Hyperplasia after Mechanical Injury to Carotid Artery in a Rat Model. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SURGICAL SOCIETY 2011. [DOI: 10.4174/jkss.2011.80.2.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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98
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Choi JG, Kang OH, Lee YS, Oh YC, Chae HS, Obiang-Obounou B, Park SC, Shin DW, Hwang BY, Kwon DY. Antimicrobial activity of the constituents of Smallanthus sonchifolius leaves against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2010; 14:1005-1009. [PMID: 21375130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been a serious problem as its infection is associated with higher mortality and increase cost worldwide. In the present study, the antibacterial activity of enhydrin, polymatin B, allo-schkuhriolide from the leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius was investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Enhydrin, polymatin B, allo-schkuhriolide from the leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius were tested for antimicrobial activity using micro dilution broth method against 2 strains of ATCC 33591, ATCC 25923 and 15 strains of clinical isolates MRSA. RESULTS The antibacterial activity of Smallanthus sonchifolius can safely be attributed to enhydrin as polymatin B, and allo-schkuhriolide are not showing any activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains. The enhydrin showed good antibacterial activity against all tested strains (MIC = 125-500 microg/ml). DISCUSSION These results suggest that only enhydrin can be considered as an antibacterial drug against MRSA.
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Gebru E, Lee JS, Son JC, Yang SY, Shin SA, Kim B, Kim MK, Park SC. Effect of probiotic-, bacteriophage-, or organic acid-supplemented feeds or fermented soybean meal on the growth performance, acute-phase response, and bacterial shedding of grower pigs challenged with Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:3880-6. [PMID: 20729283 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-2939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A 28-d experiment evaluated the growth performance, acute-phase response, and bacterial shedding patterns in pigs (n = 108; initially, 38.7 ± 6.7 kg) fed 6 treatment diets, including a control diet with no antimicrobial agents (CON), a positive control diet containing chlortetracycline, 100 mg/kg (CT), a diet containing anti-Salmonella Typhimurium bacteriophage, 3 × 10(9) plaque-forming units/kg of feed (ASB), Lactobacillus plantarum CJLP56, 6.5 × 10(8) cfu/kg of feed (LP), 0.2% microencapsulated organic acids (MOA), or 5% fermented soybean meal (FSM). Pigs were fed the diets for 2 wk before and 2 wk after challenging orally with Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (SalT). Before bacterial challenge, ADFI was similar in all groups. After SalT challenge, ADFI of CON pigs was less (P < 0.05) than all other groups. Before challenge, pigs on MOA, FSM, and CT diets had greater (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F than CON pigs. After challenge (wk 3 to 4) and during the overall experimental period (wk 1 to 4), ADG of all treatment groups and G:F of all treatment groups except the LP group were greater (P < 0.05) than those of CON pigs. Relative to all other treatments, CON and LP pigs had greater (P < 0.05) bacterial shedding scores on d 7 after SalT challenge. At d 14 postchallenge, shedding scores declined (P < 0.05) in all treatment groups compared with CON pigs. Serum haptoglobin for all treatment groups increased from d 0 concentrations on d 6 postchallenge and declined to prechallenge concentrations on d 13 (P < 0.05). Circulating IGF-I concentrations declined from 2 to 6 d postchallenge and increased again by d 13 in ASB and LP groups, did not decline in FSM and CT groups, and continuously declined through d 13 in CON and LP groups (P < 0.05). However, in MOA group, IGF-I concentrations declined from preinfection concentrations on d 2, increased on d 4, and declined again until d 13 (P < 0.05). The serum concentrations of the cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β were not generally affected by SalT challenge. In conclusion, acute infection of growing pigs with SalT was associated with short-term febrile responses in most pigs and reductions in ADFI and ADG of CON pigs. Compared with the CON diet, ASB, FSM, and MOA diets had a similar benefit to the antibiotic-supplemented diet in improving the performance of growing pigs, especially after bacterial challenge. However, further work needs to be done to better understand their mode of action in this class of pigs.
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Park SC, Jeen YT, Keum B, Seo YS, Kim YS, Chun HJ, Um SH, Kim CD, Ryu HS. Education and Imaging. Gastrointestinal: a retroperitoneal liposarcoma that formed a fistula into the descending colon. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 25:1013. [PMID: 20546457 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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