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Krcmar R, Iharagi T, Gendiar A, Nishino T. Tricritical point of the J1-J2 Ising model on a hyperbolic lattice. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 78:061119. [PMID: 19256814 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.061119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Revised: 11/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ferromagnetic-paramagnetic phase transition of the two-dimensional frustrated Ising model on a hyperbolic lattice is investigated by use of the corner transfer matrix renormalization group method. The model contains a ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor interaction J1 and a competing antiferromagnetic interaction J2 . A mean-field-like second-order phase transition is observed when the ratio kappa=J_{2}J_{1} is less than 0.203. In the region 0.203<kappa<14 , the spontaneous magnetization is discontinuous at the transition temperature. Such tricritical behavior suggests that the phase transitions on hyperbolic lattices need not always be mean-field-like.
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Yoshida A, Seo Y, Suzuki S, Nishino T, Kobayashi T, Hamada-Sato N, Kogure K, Imada C. Actinomycetal community structures in seawater and freshwater examined by DGGE analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2008; 10:554-563. [PMID: 18418650 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-008-9092-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Revised: 03/02/2008] [Accepted: 03/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The actinomycetal community structures in marine and freshwater environments (the Pacific Ocean, East China Sea, Tokyo Bay, and Arakawa River) were investigated by a culture-independent molecular method to clarify spatial and seasonal distributions. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from environmental water samples, and a community analysis was carried out on polymerase chain reaction-amplified 16S ribosomal DNA. The amplified DNA fragments were analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis, followed by sequencing analysis. The actinomycetal community structures were different at each station in the Pacific Ocean, the East China Sea, Tokyo Bay, and Arakawa River, and different populations predominated in each area. There were vertical variations in actinomycetal communities in the Pacific Ocean and East China Sea between the surface and 100-m depth, but communities were similar from 200- to 1,000-m depths. There were also distinct seasonal variations in communities in Tokyo Bay. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA fragments recovered from DGGE bands revealed that most of the predominant actinomycetal strains were uncultured and were quite different from well known culturable strains, such as the Streptomyces, Micromonospora, Microbispora, Salinispora, and Actinoplanes groups. These results suggest that the marine environment is an attractive target for discovering new actinomycetal populations producing bioactive compounds and that sampling depth and season are important considerations for isolating various populations effectively.
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Unno H, Ichimaida F, Suzuki H, Takahashi S, Tanaka Y, Saito A, Nishino T, Kusunoki M, Nakayama T. Structural and mutational studies of anthocyanin malonyltransferases. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308091320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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79
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Asai R, Nishino T, Matsumura T, Okamoto K, Igarashi K, Pai EF, Nishino T. Two Mutations Convert Mammalian Xanthine Oxidoreductase to Highly Superoxide-productive Xanthine Oxidase. J Biochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvn111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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80
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Gendiar A, Krcmar R, Ueda K, Nishino T. Phase transition of clock models on a hyperbolic lattice studied by corner transfer matrix renormalization group method. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 77:041123. [PMID: 18517594 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.77.041123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Revised: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional ferromagnetic N -state clock models are studied on a hyperbolic lattice represented by tessellation of pentagons. The lattice lies on the hyperbolic plane with a constant negative scalar curvature. We observe the spontaneous magnetization, the internal energy, and the specific heat at the center of sufficiently large systems, where fixed boundary conditions are imposed, for the cases N>or=3 up to N=30 . The model with N=3 , which is equivalent to the three-state Potts model on the hyperbolic lattice, exhibits a first-order phase transition. A mean-field-like phase transition of second order is observed for the cases N>or=4 . When N>or=5 we observe a Schottky-type specific heat below the transition temperature, where its peak height at low temperatures scales as N(-2) . From these facts we conclude that the phase transition of the classical XY model deep inside hyperbolic lattices is not of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless type.
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81
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Kobayashi TK, Ueda M, Nishino T, Watanabe S, Yakushiji M. Spontaneous infarction of an intraductal papilloma of the breast: cytological presentation on fine needle aspiration. Cytopathology 2007; 3:379-84. [PMID: 1486182 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.1992.tb00064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A relatively rare case of spontaneous infarction of an intraductal papilloma of the breast is presented which was considered to be suspicious for malignancy on fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. The aspirate revealed several groups of atypical cells featuring a high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, coarsely granular chromatin, and somewhat prominent nucleoli. There was abundant necrotic cellular debris in the background. These cellular features were considered evidence of ductal carcinoma of the breast. The correct diagnosis was made by open biopsy which revealed necrosis involving the breast due to infarction of an intraductal papilloma.
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82
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Khan NH, Ishii Y, Kimata-Kino N, Esaki H, Nishino T, Nishimura M, Kogure K. Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from open ocean and comparison with freshwater, clinical, and animal isolates. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2007; 53:173-86. [PMID: 17206394 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-006-9059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2005] [Accepted: 11/01/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for morbidity and mortality in humans, animals, and plants. This bacterium has been regarded to be widely present in terrestrial and freshwater environments, but not in open ocean environments. Our purpose was to clarify its presence in open ocean, and their genotypic and physiological characteristics were compared with those of isolates from clinical, animal, and freshwater sources. Water samples were collected from freshwater, bays, and offshore environments in Japan. Sixty-two isolates, including 26 from the open ocean, were identified as P. aeruginosa by phenotypic characteristics and the BD Phoenix System. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed on all strains, together with 21 clinical and 8 animal strains. The results showed that open ocean strains are composed of a few genotypes, which are separated from other strains. Although some clinical isolates made a cluster, other strains tended to mix together. Different antibiotypes were observed among marine isolates that had similar PFGE and serotyping patterns. Some were multidrug-resistant. Laboratory-based microcosm study were carried out to see the responses of P. aeruginosa toward increased NaCl concentrations in deionized water (DW). Marine strains showed better survival with the increase, whereas river and clinical strains were suppressed by the increase. These findings illustrate the potential significance of open ocean as a possible reservoir of P. aeruginosa, and there may be clones unique to this environment. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the presence and characterization of P. aeruginosa in the open ocean.
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83
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Mine K, Katayama A, Matsumura T, Nishino T, Kuwabara Y, Ishikawa G, Murata T, Sawa R, Otsubo Y, Shin S, Takeshita T. Proteome analysis of human placentae: pre-eclampsia versus normal pregnancy. Placenta 2006; 28:676-87. [PMID: 17182098 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2006.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2006] [Accepted: 09/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Although placental proteins play multiple roles in fetal and placental development and in the maintenance of pregnancy, many remain inadequately characterized. In the present study, we comprehensively analyzed these proteins by using a proteomic approach. Samples were denatured with guanidine hydrochloride, which was found to be superior to the commonly used urea for the present purpose, and subjected to 2-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis (2-DE) to obtain placental proteome maps. The identified protein spots (ca. 60% of the total) on the proteome maps included several pregnancy-related proteins (PRPs). Furthermore, a novel 2D immunoblotting (2-DI) analysis of molecules related to pre-eclampsia revealed three immunopositive spots that appeared to correspond to dynactin p-50, a protein related to cell turn-over. The rate of positivity for dynactin p-50-reactive antibodies was significantly (P=0.0024) higher in 26 pre-eclamptic women than in 58 normally pregnant women. These results indicate that dynactin p-50 may be involved in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.
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84
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Nishino T, Ohkubo H, Nakamae K. Temperature dependence of the elastic modulus of crystalline regions of polyethylene with different microstructures—explanation with the kinked-chain model. J MACROMOL SCI B 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00222349208215512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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85
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Iwaki T, Haranoh K, Inoue N, Kojima K, Satoh R, Nishino T, Wada S, Ihara H, Tsuyama S, Kobayashi H, Wadano A. Expression of foreign type I ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase (EC 4.1.1.39) stimulates photosynthesis in cyanobacterium Synechococcus PCC7942 cells. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2006; 88:287-97. [PMID: 16741604 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-006-9048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 01/29/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A reporter gene assay revealed that promoters derived from Synechococcus PCC7942 (S.7942) psbAI and Synechocystis PCC6803 (S.6803) psbAII were suitable for the expression of foreign ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO; EC 4.1.1.39) in S.7942 cells. Transformational vectors with a promoter and a foreign RuBisCO gene, cvrbc originated from Allochromatium vinosum, were constructed on a binary vector, pUC303, and introduced to S.7942 cells. When the cvrbc was expressed with the S.7942 psbAI promoter, the total RuBisCO activity increased 2.5- to 4-fold than that of the wild type cell. The S.6803 psbAII promoter increased the activity of the transformant 1.5-2 times of that of wild type cell. There was a significant increase in the rate of photosynthesis depending on the increase of RuBisCO activity. The maximum rate of photosynthesis of the transformant cell was 1.63 times higher than that of the wild type under the illumination of 400 micromol m(-2) s(-1), at 20 mM bicarbonate and at 30 degrees C. Although the photosynthesis of the higher plant is limited by the ability of photosystems under high irradiance and the high CO(2 )concentration, that of the S.7942 cell is limited by the RuBisCO activity, even at high CO(2) concentrations and under high irradiance.
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86
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Kato M, Kato S, Abe Y, Nishino T, Ohama E, Aoki M, Itoyama Y. Histological recovery of the hepatocytes is based on the redox system upregulation in the animal models of mutant superoxide dismutase (SOD)1-linked amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Histol Histopathol 2006; 21:729-42. [PMID: 16598672 DOI: 10.14670/hh-21.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Histological rescue of superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1)-mutated hepatocytes from mutant SOD1 stress is investigated from the viewpoint of upregulation of the redox system [peroxiredoxin (Prx) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)]. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies using antibodies against PrxI/PrxII/GPxI were carried out on specimens from four different strains of animal models of mutant SOD1-linked familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In the livers of the ALS animal models in the presymptomatic stage without motor neuron loss, both swollen and eosinophilic hepatocytes with vacuolation pathology were observed. After developing motor deficits, this swelling and vacuolation ceased to be apparent. In the terminal stage when severe motor neuron loss was observed, these hepatocytes recovered and appeared normal. In redox system-related immunohistochemical preparations, almost all of the normal hepatocytes expressed the redox system-related enzymes PrxI/PrxII/GPxI. In the presymptomatic stage, some hepatocytes did not express redox system-related enzymes. After clinical onset, over 75% of hepatocytes showed overexpression of PrxI/PrxII/GPxI, i. e., upregulation of the redox system. At the end stage, near normal PrxI/PrxII/GPxI expression was observed again in the hepatocytes. Redox system upregulation in SOD1-mutated hepatocytes rescues hepatocytes from the mutant SOD1 stress that leads to motor neuron death.
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87
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Harada K, Akai Y, Iwano M, Nakatani K, Nishino T, Fujimoto T, Shiiki H, Saito Y. Tubulointerstitial macrophage infiltration in a patient with hypokalemic nephropathy and primary Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Nephrol 2006; 64:387-90. [PMID: 16312268 DOI: 10.5414/cnp64387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of hypokalemic nephropathy associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). The patient presented with profound and persistent hypokalemia secondary to distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA). A renal biopsy exhibited tubular degeneration, marked interstitial fibrosis and intense macrophage infiltration. Hypokalemia has been reported to induce macrophage infiltration in experimental animal models but not in humans. This is the first report of intense tubulointerstitial macrophage infiltration in a patient with hypokalemic nephropathy associated with SS.
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88
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Nishino T, Schulz T, Schoenfelder M, Michna H, Tenniswood M. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction in human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-346C, LNCaP and PC-3) by the green tea ingredient EGCG (Epigallocatechingallate). Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-932978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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89
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Yoshida A, Nomura H, Toyoda K, Nishino T, Seo Y, Yamada M, Nishimura M, Wada M, Okamoto K, Shibata A, Takada H, Kogure K, Ohwada K. Microbial responses using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to oil and chemical dispersant in enclosed ecosystems. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2006; 52:89-95. [PMID: 16202430 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2005] [Revised: 08/03/2005] [Accepted: 08/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Microbial responses to the addition of oil with or without a chemical dispersant were examined in mesocosm and microcosm experiments by using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of bacterial ribosomal DNA and direct cell counting. When a water-soluble fraction of oil was added to seawater, increases in cell density were observed in the first 24h, followed by a decrease in abundance and a change in bacterial species composition. After addition of an oil-dispersant mixture, increases in cell density and changes in community structure coincided, and the amount of bacteria remained high. These phenomena also occurred in response to addition of only dispersant. Our results suggest that the chemical dispersant may be used as a nutrient source by some bacterial groups and may directly or indirectly prevent the growth of other bacterial groups.
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90
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Suzuki T, Nakayama T, Kurihara T, Nishino T, Esaki N. Cold-active lipolytic activity of psychrotrophic Acinetobacter sp. strain no. 6. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 92:144-8. [PMID: 16233074 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.92.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2001] [Accepted: 05/23/2001] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A lipolytic bacterium, strain no. 6, was isolated from Siberian tundra soil. It was a gram-negative coccoid rod capable of growing at 4 degrees C but not at 37 degrees C and was identified as a psychrotrophic strain of the genus Acinetobacter. Strain no. 6 extracellularly produced a lipolytic enzyme that efficiently hydrolyzed triglycerides such as soybean oil during bacterial growth even at 4 degrees C; it degraded 60% of added soybean oil (initial concentration, 1% w/v) after cultivation in LB medium at 4 degrees C for 7 d. Thus, the bacterium is potentially applicable to in-situ bioremediation or bioaugumentation of fat-contaminated cold environments. We partially purified the lipolytic enzyme from the culture filtrate by acetone fractionation and characterized it. The enzyme preparation contained a single species of cold-active lipase with significant activity at 4 degrees C, which was 57% of the activity at the optimum temperature (20 degrees C). The enzyme showed a broad specificity toward the acyl group (C8-C16) of substrate ethyl esters.
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91
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Nishino T, Wu X, Johnson R. MO-E-I-609-06: Squared Contrast-Noise Ratio Per Dose and Rh-Filter Thickness for Digital Mammography. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.1998287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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92
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Abstract
Individuals are generally content to self-medicate for acute cough. It is only when the cough becomes persistent that they seek medical assistance. It is not known why patients cough in association with an acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), although interest has focused on how viruses may influence airway sensory nerve function and contribute to heightened cough reflex sensitivity. Why some patients develop a persistent cough following a viral URTI is also unclear. Much more is known about the causes and aggravants of chronic cough although there is no broad agreement as to the best way to manage such patients. Asthma, upper gastrointestinal dysfunction and rhinitis are frequently associated with chronic cough, although the impact of cough in suppurative lung disease and interstitial lung fibrosis is rarely considered. The development of effective treatments for cough remains a challenge and will require co-operation between clinicians, scientists and the pharmaceutical industry.
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93
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Nayak BB, Kamiya E, Nishino T, Wada M, Nishimura M, Kogure K. Separation of active and inactive fractions from starved culture of Vibrio parahaemolyticus by density dependent cell sorting. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2005; 51:179-86. [PMID: 16329866 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsec.2004.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2004] [Revised: 08/07/2004] [Accepted: 08/17/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-existence of physiologically different cells in bacterial cultures is a general phenomenon. We have examined the applicability of the density dependent cell sorting (DDCS) method to separate subpopulations from a long-term starvation culture of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The cells were subjected to Percoll density gradient and separated into 12 fractions of different buoyant densities, followed by measuring the cell numbers, culturability, respiratory activity and leucine incorporation activity. While more than 78% of cells were in lighter fractions, about 95% of culturable cells were present in heavier fractions. The high-density subpopulations also had high proportion of cells capable of forming formazan granules. Although this was accompanied by the cell specific INT-reduction rate, both leucine incorporation rates and INT-reduction rates per cell had a peak at mid-density fraction. The present results indicated that DDCS could be used to separate subpopulations of different physiological conditions.
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94
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Nishino T, Isono S, Tanaka A, Ishikawa T. Laryngeal inputs in defensive airway reflexes in humans. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2004; 17:377-81. [PMID: 15564079 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2004.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2004] [Accepted: 09/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation of laryngeal receptors is the natural starting point of defensive airway reflexes including the cough reflex, expiration reflex, spasmodic panting, and apnoea with laryngospasm. Although several different types of laryngeal receptors have been reported, the laryngeal irritant receptors are considered to play the most essential role in elicitation of defensive airway reflexes. Based on the knowledge that the laryngeal irritant receptors are stimulated by water solutions lacking chloride anions, we have developed an experimental method to elicit defensive airway reflexes with a direct instillation of distilled water onto the laryngeal mucosa in humans. Using this experimental method, we studied the characteristics of defensive airway reflexes in lightly anaesthetized patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). The reflex responses to water stimulation observed in these patients were characterized by apnoea with laryngospasm while the cough reflex was never elicited. Endoscopic images of the larynx in these patients were also characterized by laryngeal oedema. Considering the pathological changes occurring in the central nervous system and the laryngeal mucosa, it is possible that the defensive airway reflexes may be modified by central and/or peripheral mechanisms in patients with MSA.
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95
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Kobayashi TK, Muramatsu M, Ueda M, Nishino T, Bamba M, Urabe M, Moritani S. Eosinophilic ascites: Taxol-induced hypersensitivity? Cytopathology 2004; 15:171-2. [PMID: 15165278 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2004.00132.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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96
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Kita-Tsukamoto K, Wada M, Yao K, Nishino T, Kogure K. Flagellar motors of marine bacteriaHalomonasare driven by both protons and sodium ions. Can J Microbiol 2004; 50:369-74. [PMID: 15213745 DOI: 10.1139/w04-021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cells in aquatic environments are able to reach or stay near nutrient patches by using motility. Motility is usually attained by rotating flagellar motors that are energized by electrochemical potential of H+or Na+. In this paper, the ion specificity for flagellar rotation of two marine isolates Halomonas spp. strains US172 and US201 was investigated. Both isolates require sodium for growth and possess a respiratory-driven primary sodium pump. They are motile because of lateral flagella regardless of the presence of sodium ions. Their swimming speed under various concentrations of sodium ions with and without carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, a proton conductor, and with and without phenamil, a specific inhibitor for the sodium-driven flagellar motors, was examined. The effect of carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone on the transmembrane proton gradient was also determined. Our results showed that the flagellar motors of the Halomonas strains were energized by both H+and Na+in one cell. The bimodal nature of Halomonas spp. motility with respect to the driving energy source may reflect ecophysiological versatility to adapt to a wide range of salt conditions of the marine environment.Key words: marine bacteria, Halomonas, flagellar motor, sodium, proton.
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97
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Nishino T, Bühlmeyer K, Schönfelder M, Schulz T, Kühnel W, Michna H. (Anti-) androgenic reactions in the rat prostate and seminal vesicle: Validation of proliferation markers and androgen receptor staining pattern and the effects of the „xenoestrogen“ BPA in the Wistar rat. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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98
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Ernst RD, Sarai P, Nishino T, Collins T, Oto A, Hernandez A, Walser EM, Chaljub G. Transition from film to electronic media in the first-year medical school gross anatomy lab. J Digit Imaging 2004; 16:337-40. [PMID: 14749968 PMCID: PMC3044075 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-003-1700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For the benefit of the first-year gross anatomy students, we digitized and published on a Web site images that had been collected over a 30-year period. We provided a CD-ROM (compact disk, read-only media) containing the image set in higher quality format to students and faculty. We supplemented basic images with hot topics such as CT angiography, virtual colonography, computer-aided diagnosis, and 3D post-processing. Full motion video and moving JPEG (Joint Photo Expert Group) animations were integrated into the atlas. On the post course questionnaire medical students reported that the images on CD-ROM were helpful during the course and for review prior to examinations. Faculty and medical students used the CD-ROM for problem-based learning sections and facilitator training. The images were clear and easily projected during review sessions and were useful for the small group sessions, where they served as examples of normal anatomy.
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99
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Kimata N, Nishino T, Suzuki S, Kogure K. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from marine environments in Tokyo Bay. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2004; 47:41-47. [PMID: 15259268 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-003-1032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogenic bacterium that has been thoroughly investigated since the 19th century and is generally regarded as a freshwater or terrestrial organism. In 1995, it was reported that the OprP porin, an outer membrane protein corresponding to that of this bacterium, was widely distributed as a dissolved component in seawater. This finding led us to investigate the presence of P. aeruginosa in marine environments. Both culture-independent and -dependent methods were applied to seawater samples obtained in Tokyo Bay during four cruises. The DVC-FA (direct viable count-fluorescent antibody) technique showed that cells reactive to an antibody against P. aeruginosa were widely present in the bay, i.e., 10(3) to 10(4) cells/mL in the inner bay, and 10(2) to 10(3) cells/mL at the mouth. Bacterial cells isolated by selective medium were identified by three methods: the presence of oprI and oprL, two outer membrane lipoprotein genes specific to P. aeruginosa; the API20 NE kit; and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The results confirmed that the majority of isolates from the bay were P. aeruginosa. Immuno-chemical analyses of the seawater results indicate that P. aeruginosa is commonly present in coastal marine environments and sheds OprP.
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100
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Nishino T. Is prophylactic mechanical ventilation really necessary after esophageal surgery? J Anesth 2003; 15:123-4. [PMID: 14566507 DOI: 10.1007/s005400170011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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