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Zhang QW, Hugues-Salas E, Ling Y, Zhang HB, Giddings RP, Zhang JJ, Wang M, Tang JM. Record-high and robust 17.125 Gb/s gross-rate over 25 km SSMF transmissions of real-time dual-band optical OFDM signals directly modulated by 1 GHz RSOAs. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:6339-6348. [PMID: 24663982 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.006339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aggregated 17.125 Gb/s real-time end-to-end dual-band optical OFDM (OOFDM) transmissions over 25 km SSMF IMDD systems with 7 dB receiver sensitivity improvements are experimentally demonstrated, for the first time, by utilizing low-cost transceiver components such as directly modulated 1GHz RSOAs and DACs/ADCs operating at sampling speeds as low as 4GS/s. The demonstrated OOFDM transceivers have both strong adaptability and sufficiently large passband carrier frequency tunability, which enable full use of highly dynamic spectral characteristics of the transmission systems. This results in the achievements of not only excellent performance robustness to variations in system operating conditions but also significantly relaxed requirements on RSOA small-signal modulation bandwidth. It is shown that the aforementioned transmission capacity only varies by <23% over a RSOA-injected optical power variation range as large as 20dB, and that the 1 GHz RSOAs can support successful transmissions of adaptively modulated OOFDM signals having bandwidths of 8.5 GHz. By taking into account the adopted 25% cyclic prefix and a typical 7.3% FEC overhead, the demonstrated real-time OOFDM transmission systems are capable of conveying 11.6 Gb/s user data.
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Zhang HB, Yi XW, Zhang QW, Ling Y, Deng ML, Hugues-Salas E, Giddings RP, Hong Y, Wang M, Tang JM. Robust real-time 15.125 Gb/s adaptive optical OFDM transmissions over 100 m OM2 MMFs utilizing directly modulated VCSELs subject to optical injection locking. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:1163-1171. [PMID: 24515076 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.001163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical injection locking (OIL) is an effective approach for significantly enhancing the modulation bandwidths of VCSELs. The frequency responses of OIL-VCSELs are, however, very sensitive to the applied OIL conditions. This brings about strong difficulties in practically utilizing the OIL-enhanced modulation bandwidths to achieve highly robust transmission performances of directly modulated OIL-VCSEL-based multi-mode fibre (MMF) links for cost-sensitive application scenarios such as data-centers. In this paper, directly modulated OIL-VCSEL-based real-time dual-band optical OFDM (OOFDM) transceivers with tunability in both the electrical and optical domains are experimentally demonstrated, for the first time, utilizing DACs/ADCs at sampling speeds as low as 4GS/s. The transceivers can support 15.125 Gb/s adaptive OOFDM transmissions over 100 m OM2 MMF links based on intensity modulation and direct detection. More importantly, the adaptability and tunability of the demonstrated transceivers enable the achievement of excellent robustness of the aggregated OOFDM transmission capacity to OIL condition variations. It is shown that, over a large diversity of OIL conditions that give rise to significantly different system frequency responses, the aggregated OOFDM transmission capacity only vary by <11% in the aforementioned transmission link.
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Ying J, Guo L, Qiu T, Shan L, Ling Y, Liu X, Lu N. Diagnostic value of a novel fully automated immunochemistry assay for detection of ALK rearrangement in primary lung adenocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:2589-2593. [PMID: 23904459 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the diagnostic value of a novel fully automated immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay for detection of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion in a large number of ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS We tested 196 lung ADCs for ALK rearrangement by two IHC assays (Ventana pre-diluted ALK D5F3 antibody with the Optiview DAB IHC detection kit and Optiview Amplification kit, D5F3 by Cell Signaling Technology (CST) with Ultraview DAB detection kit by Ventana), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). CST ALK IHC was scored using the scoring scheme of 0, no staining; 1+, faint; 2+, moderate; and 3+, strong cytoplasmic reactivity in ≥ 10% of tumor cells. As for Ventana IHC, a binary scoring system (positive or negative for ALK status) was adopted for evaluating the staining results. RESULTS Among 196 cases tested, 63 (32%), 65 (33%), 70 (36%), and 69 (35%) cases were ALK positive by FISH, Ventana IHC, CST IHC, and RT-PCR, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of Ventana IHC were 100% and 98%, respectively. Two Ventana IHC-positive cases, which were also CST IHC score of 3+, showed FISH negative, but their ALK rearrangement was confirmed by RT-PCR and direct sequencing. The sensitivity and specificity of CST IHC with staining intensity score of 1+ or more were 100% and 95%, respectively. Five (25%, of 20) patients with CST IHC score of 1+ were both FISH and RT-PCR negative. The sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR for detection of ALK fusion were 98% and 95%, respectively. The total accordance rate between ALK RT-PCR and Ventana IHC was 97%. CONCLUSIONS The novel fully automated IHC assay is a reliable screening tool in routine pathologic laboratories for identification of patients with ALK rearrangement for targeted therapy in lung ADC.
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Sun S, Ling Y, Peng R, Liu M, Mao X, Chen X, Knize RJ, Lu Y. Synthesis of Ni-substituted Bi7Fe3Ti3O21 ceramics and their superior room temperature multiferroic properties. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42589d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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80
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Ling Y, Zhang XQ, Ma X, Chen SY, Chen TT, Liu W. Analysis of genetic diversity among wild bermudagrass germplasm from southwest China using SSR markers. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:4598-608. [PMID: 23096923 DOI: 10.4238/2012.october.17.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-five wild accessions of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) were collected from southwest China (Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Tibet), and their genetic diversity was analyzed using simple sequence repeat markers. A total of 267 polymorphic bands were detected with 18 primer combinations. The genetic similarity among the accessions ranged from 0.688 to 0.894 with an average of 0.797. All 55 wild accessions were clustered into 7 eco-geographic groups. Our data showed that the dendrogram was almost in accordance with geographic distribution, and accessions from the same collection sites tended to be clustered into the same group. A genetic differentiation analysis revealed that the percentage of genetic variance was 70.07 and 29.93% within and among groups, respectively. Finally, we discuss the implications of these results for C. dactylon in southwest China.
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Li Q, Li J, Tian J, Zhu B, Zhang Y, Yang K, Ling Y, Hu Y. IL-17 and IFN-γ production in peripheral blood following BCG vaccination and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in human. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2012; 16:2029-2036. [PMID: 23242733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, cells of the immune system rely on cytokines to regulate the activity of other immune and structural cells such as IFN-gamma and IL-4. Recent studies suggest that Th17 cells secreting IL-17 may play a potential role in tuberculosis (TB) development. AIM To assess the effect of IL-17 on TB development, we provide a systematic review on the production of IL-17, IFN-gamma and IL-4 in infants or children vaccinated with BCG and in TB patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature relevant with IL-17 and IFN-gamma production with or without IL-4 on human TB was retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, BIOSIS Previews and the China Biomedicine Literature Databases (CBM) using the search terms "Interleukin-17 or Th17 cells" and "Tuberculosis". The information of included studies, the production of IL-17 and IFN-gamma responding to antigens in the peripheral blood in vitro, was independently extracted by the first two researchers and subsequently qualitatively analyzed. RESULTS Nine studies from a total of 226 retrieved publications met the criteria. These included studies showed that BCG vaccination induced dramatically high level of IL-17 similar to IFN-gamma; The level of IL-17 and IFN-gamma were low while IL-4 was high in patients with active TB; IL-17 and IFN-gamma had a similar trend of increase during the conversion from active to latent TB while IL-4 inclined to decrease in this process. CONCLUSIONS IL-17 acts as an effector molecule similar to IFN-gamma after BCG vaccination and Mtb infection to protect human against TB. The current findings do not support IL-17 as an inducer of tissue damage in TB.
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Ling Y, Zhang C, Shen R, Xu Y, Zhu C, Lu M, Liu Y, Zhang C. p14ARF repression induced by promoter methylation associated with metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2012; 27:182-7. [PMID: 22973996 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2012.01413.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the promoter methylation status of the p14ARF in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Cell lines were treated with the demethylation agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, and p14ARF messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We analyzed the methylation status of p14ARF promoter by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in 50 ESCC and their noncarcinoma tissues. Then demethylation caused by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine increased the p14ARF mRNA expression level in esophagus cancer cell lines. p14ARF methylation was found in 48% (24 of 50) of ESCC patients but only in 18% (9 of 50) corresponding noncarcinoma tissues (P = 0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between the presence of methylation and tumor metastasis (P < 0.001). The p14ARF mRNA was lower in ESCC tissues than nontumor tissues (mean ± standard deviation, 0.47 ± 0.32 vs. 1.40 ± 0.58; P = 0.002). Meanwhile, a signification association was found between the methylation status of p14ARF promoter and p14ARF mRNA expression in tissues (P < 0.05). The aberrant promoter methylation of p14ARF is a common phenomenon in ESCC, which may be an important mechanism of downregulating p14ARF mRNA expression.
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Peng JF, Ling Y, Gou WY, Zhang H, Wu CX. Identification of chicken eNOS gene and differential expression in highland versus lowland chicken breeds. Poult Sci 2012; 91:2275-81. [PMID: 22912463 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), an endothelium-derived relaxing factor, is synthesized from l-arginine by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the endothelium. The objective of the present study was to preliminarily illuminate the expression of the eNOS gene in hypoxic adaptation of chicken embryonic development. The eNOS expression profiles between the Tibet and Shouguang chickens incubated under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions were detected by TaqMan real-time PCR. In this study, the chicken eNOS gene was found by both in silico cloning and RACE approaches. From the eNOS gene, we obtained a 3,310-bp mRNA sequence and a 10,666-bp DNA sequence and discovered that it was located on chicken chromosome 2 and had 7 unique transcripts. eNOS mRNA was detected in abundant amounts in some chick embryo organs (i.e., heart, liver, chorio-allantoic membrane, and lung), and expressed stably with the lowest levels in the brain. We observed that when exposed to hypoxia (13% O(2)) different embryo organ tissues had various sensitivities to hypoxia as determined by their eNOS expression profiles. Compared with the Shouguang chicken, the eNOS expression in the Tibet chicken was higher in the lung and liver, lower in the heart, and similar in the brain. In chorio-allantoic membranes, eNOS expression was higher in the Shouguang chicken than the Tibet chicken under hypoxic conditions, but not markedly different under normoxic conditions. The differences of eNOS expression between the 2 breeds may be relative to the hypoxic adaptation ability in Tibet chickens during embryonic development. This work will provide reference for future studies on the role of eNOS in hypoxic adaptation and response.
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Ling Y, Dijke E, West L, Urschel S. 413 Impact of CD1d+CD5+ B-Cells on T-Dependent and T-Independent Immune Responses in Early Childhood. J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Joe BH, Sohn IS, Park BJ, Park JH, Jin ES, Cho JM, Kim CJ, Saleh A, Matsumori A, Negm H, Shalaby M, Haykal M, Tsverava M, Tsverava D, Lobjanidse N, Han JY, Ha SI, Yang JS, Choi DH, Chung JW, Koh YY, Chang KS, Hong SP, Adachi H, Taguchi T, Oshima H, Huang FQ, Zhong L, Le TT, Tan RS, Zhao QY, Yu SB, Huang H, Qin M, Cui HY, Huang T, Huang CX, Chan WYW, Blomqvist A, Melton IC, Crozier IG, Noren K, Troughton RW, Indriani S, Siswanto BB, Soerarso R, Hersunarti N, Harimurti GM, Margey R, Hynes B, Pomerantsev E, Moran D, Hatim M, Kiernan T, Inglessis I, Palacios I, Margey R, Suh W, Witzke C, Moran D, Hatim M, Kiernan T, Yeh R, Sahkuja R, Seto A, Palacios I, Chen Y, Chen Y, Li H, Zhou B, Shi SQ, Rao L, Gong H, Wang X, Ling Y, Obispo-Mortos SA, Reyes DRC, Cabasan G, Caguioa EVS, Ramirez MFL, Navarra SV, Wang S, Lam YY, Fang F, Shang Q, Luo XX, Liu M, Wang J, Sanderson JE, Sun JP, Yu CM, Wang S, Lam YY, Fang F, Shang Q, Luo XX, Liu M, Wang J, Sanderson JE, Sun JP, Yu CM, Hernandez-Madrid A, Matia Frances R, Bullon M, Moro C, Luo XX, Fang F, Sun JP, Sanderson JE, Kwong SW, Lee PW, Lam YY, Yu CM, Larina VN, Bart BY. P058 * APACHE II score, rather than cardiac function, may predict poor prognosis in patients with stress-induced cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J Suppl 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/sur027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Jain P, Varma Y, Jain S, Dandekar P, Sharma VK, Yadav BS, Arya A, Gupta R, Zhu QR, Guo ZR, Hu XS, Wu M, Luo WS, Liu JC, Ding Y, Gu SJ, Liu MM, Shi L, Hui CN, Wang D, Chu WCW, Yu CM, Ahuja AT, Hong L, Xie MX, Wang X, Gong H, Ling Y, Chan YH, Lai WK, Chow SL, Chow L, Yam PW, Ko WC, Wong ML, Chu CK, Fong CH, Lee S, Hsiung MC, Chen KC, Wei J, Tung TH. P122 * Relationship between retinal microvascular complications in metabolic syndrome (MS) and its association with serum uric acid level. Eur Heart J Suppl 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/sur029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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87
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Ling Y, Johnson MK, Kiely D, Condliffe R, Elliot C, Gibbs S, Howard L, Pepke-Zaba J, Sheares K, Corris P, Fisher A, Lordan J, Gaine S, Coghlan G, Wort J, Gatzoulis M, Peacock AJ. S71 Influence of age on clinical phenotypes of incident idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Results from the pulmonary hypertension registry of the UK and Ireland. Thorax 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054b.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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88
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Ling Y, Johnson MK, Kiely D, Condliffe R, Elliot C, Gibbs S, Howard L, Pepke-Zaba J, Sheares K, Corris P, Fisher A, Lordan J, Gaine S, Coghlan G, Wort J, Gatzoulis M, Peacock AJ. S72 Prediction of survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension using survival equations. Results from the pulmonary hypertension registry of the UK and Ireland. Thorax 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054b.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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89
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Jian C, Xiaoli L, Li F, Ling Y. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of HO-1 and COX-1 are associated with complete aspirin resistance defined by light transmittance aggregation in the Elderly. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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90
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Roca-Vila J, Owen A, Jordan G, Ling Y, Parraga CA, Hurlbert A. Inter-individual variations in color naming and the structure of 3D color space. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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91
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Hurlbert A, Loveridge C, Ling Y, Kourkoulou A, Leekam S. Color Discrimination and Preference in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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92
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Dirani M, Zhou B, Hornbeak D, Chang BC, Gazzard G, Chia A, Ling Y, Selvaraj P, Young TL, Varma R, Wong TY, Saw SM. Prevalence and causes of decreased visual acuity in Singaporean Chinese preschoolers. Br J Ophthalmol 2010; 94:1561-5. [DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2009.173104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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93
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Ling Y, Johnson M, Peacock A. P31 Disease targeted therapies and effect on survival in idiopathic, heritable and anorexigen-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.150961.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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94
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Ling Y, Perez-Soler R. 582 Disruption of autophagic and autolysosomal signaling pathways leads to synergistic augmentation of erlotinib-induced apoptosis in wild type EGFR human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)72289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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95
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Ling Y, Pietta I, Hurlbert A. The interaction of colour and texture in an object classification task. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/9.8.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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96
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Liao X, Ling Y, Li X, Han Y, Zhang S, Gu L, Yu D, Yao B, Zhang D, Jin G, Lu Z, Gong Q, Zhang X. OL-001 Association study of genetic variation in IL28B with the hepatitis C treatment-induced viral clearance in Chinese Han population. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1201-9712(10)60004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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97
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Liu Y, Ling Y, Liu B, Zhang Y. Pharmacogenetic prediction of clinical outcome in gastric cancer patients receiving oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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98
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Mortazavi A, Deam D, Ling Y, Harper EJ, Phelps MA, Espinoza-Delgado IJ, Monk JP, Otterson GA, Grever MR, Bekaii-Saab T. A phase I study of prolonged infusion of triapine in combination with a fixed-dose rate of gemcitabine in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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99
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Zhai W, Xu C, Ling Y, Liu S, Deng J, Qi Y, Londos C, Xu G. Increased lipolysis in adipose tissues is associated with elevation of systemic free fatty acids and insulin resistance in perilipin null mice. Horm Metab Res 2010; 42:247-53. [PMID: 20091459 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Elevated plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) are thought to restrict glucose utilization and induce insulin resistance. Plasma FFA concentrations are primarily governed by lipolysis in adipocytes. Perilipin surrounds the lipid droplet in adipocytes and has a dual role in lipolysis regulation. Perilipin null mice studied by two independent laboratories exhibited similar phenotypes of reduced adipose mass and resistance to diet-induced obesity, but have inconsistent metabolic parameters such as plasma levels of FFA, glucose, and insulin. This discrepancy may be due to differences in genetic background, generation, and nutritional status of the animals examined. In this study, we examined the major metabolic parameters in 129/SvEv perilipin null mice fasted for 4 h and observed increased plasma concentrations of FFA, glycerol, glucose, and insulin. An increase in the score for the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index confirmed the insulin resistance in perilipin null mice, which may be attributed to the plasma FFA elevation. Basal lipolysis was increased in adipose tissues or primary adipocytes isolated from perilipin null mice with increased mass and activity of hormone-sensitive lipase and adipose triglyceride lipase. The increased lipolytic action may accelerate FFA efflux from the adipose tissues to the bloodstream, thereby accounting for systemic FFA elevation and, hence, insulin resistance in perilipin null mice.
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