Comparative proteomic analysis of human mesenchymal stromal cell behavior on calcium phosphate ceramics with different osteoinductive potential

In recent years, synthetic calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics have emerged as an alternative to bone grafts in the treatment of large critical-sized bone defects. To successfully substitute for bone grafts, materials must be osteoinductive, that is, they must induce osteogenic differentiation and subsequent bone formation in vivo. Although a set of osteoinductive CaP ceramics has been developed, the precise biological mechanism by which a material directs cells toward osteogenesis and the role of individual chemical and physical properties in this mechanism remain incompletely understood. Here, we used proteomics to compare serum protein adsorption to two CaP ceramics with different osteoinductive potential, namely an osteoinductive β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and a non-osteoinductive hydroxyapatite (HA). Moreover, we analyzed the protein profiles of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) cultured on these two ceramics. The serum protein adsorption experiments in the absence of cells highlighted the proteins that are highly abundant in the serum and/or have a high affinity to CaP. The extent of adsorption was suggested to be affected by the available surface area for binding and by the ion exchange dynamics on the surface. Several proteins were uniquely expressed by hMSCs on TCP and HA surfaces. Proteins identified as enriched on TCP were involved in processes related to wound healing, cell proliferation, and the production of extracellular matrix. On the other hand, proteins that were enriched on HA were involved in processes related to protein production, translation, localization, and secretion. In addition, we performed a separate proteomics analysis on TCP, HA, and two biphasic calcium phosphates with known osteoinductive potential and performed a clustering analysis on a combination of a set of proteins found to be enriched on osteoinductive materials with a set of proteins already known to be involved in osteogenesis. This yielded two protein networks potentially involved in the process of osteoinduction – one consisting of collagen fragments and collagen-related enzymes and a second consisting of endopeptidase inhibitors and regulatory proteins. The results of this study show that protein profiling can be a useful tool to help understand the effect of biomaterial properties on the interactions between a biomaterial and a biological system. Such understanding will contribute to the design and development of improved biomaterials for (bone) regenerative therapies.

AB0453 CORONARY ARTERY DISEASES IN PATIENTS WITH ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY IN CHINA

Background:

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder caused by pathogenic antiphospholipid antibodies. Coronary artery disease as one of cardiac involvement of APS brings great challenges in clinical practice.

Objectives:

To identify the key demographic, clinical, angiography features, risk factors, and prognosis of patients presenting with coronary artery diseases in APS.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed patients who had been diagnosed with coronary artery disease induced by APS between January 1st, 2012 and June 30th, 2019, to study the clinical features, management, risk factors for prognosis, and long-term outcomes of patients.

Results:

Twenty-eight patients (50% female) with APS and coronary artery diseases were included, with average age 46.9 ± 14.4 years. Arterial thrombosis events (78.6%, n=22) were more common than venous events (42.9%, n=12) in this cohort. Twelve patients had stable CAD, while 14 patients had acute coronary syndrome. The most affected arteries were the anterior descending (60.9%), right coronary (39.1%), and circumflex (30.4%). More RCA stenosis (63.6% vs 16.7%, p=0.036) were observed in the primary APS group than in the secondary APS. The age and disease duration of patients differed among groups and was lower in the triple aPL positive group than in double- and single-aPL positive groups, without significant differences among different CAD manifestations. Thrombocytopenia, elevated creatinine, and elevated urea were the risk factors for poor prognosis.

Conclusion:

The coronary artery is an important target organ for APS. More RCA stenosis were observed in the primary APS group. APS-related CAD could endanger life and increase the mortality rate, with risk factors of thrombocytopenia, elevated creatinine, and elevated urea level. In addition to the routine use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs, management of this group of patients is not well documented. The best treatment strategy still needs to be found and evaluated.

References:

[1]Mavrogeni SI, Sfikakis PP, Kitas GD, Kolovou G, Tektonidou MG. Cardiac involvement in antiphospholipid syndrome: The diagnostic role of noninvasive cardiac imaging.Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2016;45(5):611-616.

[2]Denas G, Jose SP, Bracco A, Zoppellaro G, Pengo V. Antiphospholipid syndrome and the heart: A case series and literature review.Autoimmun Rev. 2015;14(3):214-222.

[3]Cervera R, Piette JC, Font J, et al. Antiphospholipid syndrome: Clinical and immunologic manifestations and patterns of disease expression in a cohort of 1,000 patients.Arthritis Rheum. 2002;46(4):1019-1027.

TABLE 1.

Coronary artery disease assessment of the patients

TotalTypes of APSpAPS(n=13)sAPS(n=15)pCoronary artery diseasessCAD (n, %)12, 42.96, 46.26, 40.0.743UA (n, %)2, 7.11, 7.71, 6.71.0NSTEMI (n, %)5, 17.94, 30.81, 6.7.153STEMI (n, %)7, 25.02, 15.45, 33.3.396Other (n, %)2, 7.10, 02, 13.3.484Coronary artery thrombosis17, 60.78, 61.59, 60.0.934ECHO(n)261313LVEF (%)52.2±15.046.8±12.057.6±15.7.09Segmental ventricular wall motion abnormality21, 80.811, 84.610, 76.91.00Diastolic dysfunction11, 42.35, 38.46, 46.11.00Ventricular enlargement13, 50.07, 53.86, 46.11.00Atrial enlargement14,53.87, 53.47, 53.41.04CAG or CTA performance (n)231112LM stenosis (n, %)5, 21.73, 27.32, 16.7.640LAD stenosis (n, %)14, 60.96, 54.58, 66.7.680LCX stenosis (n, %)7, 30.43, 27.34, 33.31.00RCA stenosis (n, %)9, 39.17, 63.62, 16.7.036aneurysm (n, %)1, 4.30, 01, 8.31.00Figure 1.

Cumulative survival function figure in APS patients with CAD

Disclosure of Interests: :

None declared

Characterization of the hydro-geological regime of Yangtze River basin using remotely-sensed and modeled products

The hydrology of the Third Pole, Asia's freshwater tower, has shown considerable sensitivity to the impacts of climate change and human interventions, which affect the headwaters of many rivers that originate therein. For example, the Yangtze River has its basin (YRB) experiencing wetness of terrestrial water storage (TWS), whose rainfall seems to be the primary source as inferred from the previous studies. Consequently, it is crucial to understand the contributions of each TWS's sub-domain - i.e., groundwater (GWS); total water content (TWC) stored as soil moisture, ice/snow, and canopy; and the surface water (SWS) storages - on YRB's wetness. Hence, SWS, from altimetry and imagery satellites, and TWC, from Global Land Data Assimilation System, are inverted considering the same basis function as for TWS from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, which account for the differences in the resolutions inherent in each product. Furthermore, a "tie-in" signal approach is used to fit the temporal patterns of GWS, TWC, and SWS to TWS (i.e., the observations). Results show improvements in the reconstructed GWS series concerning standard deviation, correlation coefficient, and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 22%, 27%, and 120%, respectively, regarding the use of the TWS-budget equation. The reconstructed time series of GWS, TWC, and SWS present an increase of 1.76, 2.69, and 0.14 mm per year (mm/yr) and that YRB loses water stored at its aquifers 55% of the time (regarding 2003-2016 period) based on the quantile function of storage (QFS). The QFS's slope shows that TWS has a fast and small storage potential w.r.t. GWS since inland waters and soil moisture reflect the dryness impacting TWS first. Despite the evidence of an increase of 19.05 mm/yr in annual precipitation, which seems to explain the bulk in TWS, further investigation to characterize controls on TWS memory within YRB is still necessary.

Kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK10) cessation blunts colorectal cancer cell growth and glucose metabolism by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common aggressive carcinoma with a proverbial feature of metabolic reprogramming that is essential for cancer cell growth. Recent research corroborates the controversial function of kallikrein-related peptidase 10 (KLK10) in cancer. However, its role and underlying mechanism in CRC remains elusive. In the present study, high expression of KLK10 was detected in CRC cell lines. Knockdown of KLK10 expression by a specific siRNA inhibited cell proliferation, evoked cell apoptosis, and increased caspase-3 activity in HT29 CRC cells. Furthermore, KLK10 suppression also afforded the suppressive effects on glycolysis in CRC cells as the data showed that targeting KLK10 restrained glucose uptake, lactate production, and glycolysis-related glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) expression. Mechanism analysis corroborated that cessation of KLK10 muted the PI3K/AKT-mTOR signaling. Intriguingly, reactivating the PI3K/AKT-mTOR pathway by its agonist IGF-1 notably reversed the inhibitory effects of KLK10 cessation on CRC cell growth and glucose metabolism. More important, preconditioning with PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 or mTOR inhibitor rapamycin both aggravated KLK10 knockdown-suppressed cancer cell growth and glucose metabolism. These findings suggest that KLK10 silencing may attenuate the progression of CRC by inhibiting cell growth and glycolysis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, supporting a potential and promising target for CRC therapy.

A new microwave coupling scheme for high intensity highly charged ion beam production by high power 24-28 GHz SECRAL ion source

The efficiency of the microwave-plasma coupling is a key issue to enhance the performance of electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (ECRISs) in terms of higher ion beam intensity yield. The coupling properties are affected by the microwave coupling scheme, especially for the high frequency (f > 20 GHz) and high power (P > 5 kW) ECR ion sources. Based on the study of 24 GHz SECRAL ion source performances working at different launching systems, a new microwave coupling scheme, called the Vlasov launcher, is proposed, which can not only realize efficient power matching and feeding but also enhance the microwave power distribution on the ECR surface. The first promising results are presented in this article. Then, a prototype dedicated to the next generation ECRIS is described.

Promoted diffusion mechanism of Fe2.7wt.%Si-Fe10wt.%Si couples under magnetic field by atomic-scale observations

Diffusion behavior of newly designed Fe2.7wt.%Si-Fe10wt.%Si couples at 1100 °C for up to 12 h has been investigated under the 0, 0.8 and 3 T magnetic fields. Diffusion thickness of solid solution layer and weight percent of Si on Fe2.7wt.%Si side increase significantly under a magnetic field. Application of a magnetic field promotes the diffusion of solid solution layer through the possible diffusion of vacancies mainly due to the appearance of defects, which has been demonstrated by the increased dislocation density and broadening of the typical XRD peaks. Replacement of Si sits by Fe atoms in the crystal structure leads to the appearance of Fe diffraction peaks, which has been confirmed by the increased interplanar spacings under a magnetic field. The magnetic field benefits the depinning of dislocations and leads to higher dislocation density because of the magnetoplastic effect which has been confirmed by the significantly reduced thickness of Fe2.7wt.%Si. Nano-sized Fe₃Si particles precipitate in the matrix with an orientation relationship on Fe10wt.%Si side as {220}_Fe3Si || {220}_matrix & < 1–10 >_Fe3Si || < 1–10 >_matrix. Fe₃Si particles pin dislocation moving and lead to higher dislocation density.

The Aortic Calcification Index is a risk factor associated with anastomotic leakage after anterior resection of rectal cancer

AIM

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the most feared postoperative complications after anterior resection (AR) of rectal cancer. An adequate blood supply at the anastomotic site is regarded as a prerequisite for healing. We hypothesize that the Aortic Calcification Index (ACI) might reflect the severity of atherosclerosis in patients, and thereby be a risk factor for AL.

METHOD

AL was investigated retrospectively according to the definition of the International Study Group of Rectal Cancer in 423 rectal cancer patients who underwent anterior rectal resection. The ACI was measured by preoperative abdominal CT scan. The cross-section of the aorta was evenly divided into 12 sectors, the number of calcified sectors was counted as the calcification score of each slice. Lasso logistic regression and multivariate regression analysis were used to identify risk factors for AL.

RESULTS

The percentage of AL after AR was 7.8% (33/423); the mortality of patients who sustained a leak was 3.0% (1/33). Patients with a high ACI had a significantly higher percentage of AL than patients with low ACI (11.2% vs 5.6%, P = 0.04). Among patients with AL, a higher ACI was associated with greater severity of AL (the ACI of patients with grade A leakage, grade B leakage and grade C leakage was 0.5% ± 0.2%, 11.5% ± 9.2% and 24.2% ± 21.7%, respectively; P = 0.008). After risk adjustment, multivariate regression analysis showed that a higher ACI was an independent risk factor for AL (OR 2.391, P = 0.04).

CONCLUSION

A high ACI might be an important prognostic factor for AL after AR for rectal cancer. Confirmatory studies are required.

Improvement of Streptococcus suis glutamate dehydrogenase expression in Escherichia coli through genetic modification of acetate synthesis pathway

Escherichia coli generates acetate as an undesirable by-product that has several negative effects on protein expression, and the reduction of acetate accumulation by modifying genes of acetate synthesis pathway can improve the expression of recombinant proteins. In the present study, the effect of phosphotransacetylase (pta) or/and acetate kinase (ackA) deletion on glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) expression was investigated. The results indicated that the disruptions of pta or/and ackA decreased the acetate accumulation and synthesis of per gram cell, and increased cell density, and GDH expression and synthesis of per gram cell. The pta gene was more important for acetate formation than the ackA gene. Using the strain with deletions of pta-ackA (SSGPA) for GDH expression, acetate accumulation (2·61 g l^-1 ) and acetate synthesis of per gram cell (0·229 g g^-1 ) were lowest, decreasing by 28·29 and 41·43% compared with those of the parental strain (SSG) respectively. The flux of acetate synthesis (6·6%) was decreased by 72·15% compared with that of SSG, and the highest cell density (11·38 g l^-1 ), GDH expression (2·78 mg ml^-1 ), and GDH formation of per gram cell (0·2442 mg mg^-1 ) were obtained, which were 1·22-, 1·43- and 1·17-times higher than the parental strain respectively. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Significance and Impact of the Study: Acetate is the key undesirable by-product in Escherichia coli cultivation, and both biomass and production of desired products are increased by the reduction of acetate accumulation. In the present study, the strains with deletions of pta or/and ackA were constructed to reduce the acetate accumulation and improve the GDH expression, and the highest expression level of GDH was obtained using the strain with lesion in pta-ackA that was 1·17-times higher than that of the parental strain. The construction strategy of recombinant E. coli for decreasing the acetate excretion can be used for high expression level of other desired products.

LncRNALUADT1 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer and its expression level is related to clinicopathology

OBJECTIVE

LncRNAs participate in the proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of colorectal cancer. We aimed at investigating the uncovered effect of lncRNALUADT1 on colorectal cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

The relative expression level of lncRNALUADT1 in tumor specimen was tested by Real-time quantitative PCR. The association of lncRNALUADT1 with clinical pathological data was analyzed by univariate, multivariate Cox and Kaplan-Meier curve.

RESULTS

LncRNALUADT1 expression was up-regulated in colorectal cancer, and correlated with tumor size, metastasis, and TNM staging. Both univariate analysis and multivariate test indicated that lncRNALUADT1 high expression, TNM staging, and lymph node metastasis were closely related. Moreover, high expression of lncRNALUADT1 suggested the poor overall survival of patients.

CONCLUSIONS

LncRNA LUADT1 might contribute to the development of colorectal cancer.

Clinical practice guideline for image-guided multimode tumour ablation therapy in hepatic malignant tumours

Multimode tumour ablation therapy is a treatment method that combines cryoablation with radiofrequency ablation, guided by medical imaging technology and based on precise planning, targeting, monitoring, and control of the thermal energy delivered, with the aim of achieving a whole-body antitumour immune response to malignant tumours. To develop standardized criteria for the application of multimode tumour ablation therapy to malignant hepatic tumours, to facilitate actualization of the criteria in various hospitals, and to ensure therapeutic efficacy and safety, the Society of Interventional Therapy of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and the Solid Tumor Theranostics Committee of the Shanghai Anti-Cancer Association assembled experts who specialize in oncology to discuss this treatment method and to arrive at a clinical practice consensus guideline for the indications, contraindications, and techniques of multimode tumour ablation therapy for malignant hepatic tumours.

Identification of an acute myeloid leukaemia associated noncoding somatic mutation at 3' end of HOXA cluster

Noncoding somatic mutations have been demonstrated to play important role in tumourigenesis. Here we show that there exists an acute myeloid leukaemia associated noncoding somatic mutation at 3' terminal of conserved HOXA cluster. The mutation was identified in the bone marrow blasts but not peripheral blood mononuclear cells or buccal cells of two M3 (acute promyelocytic leukaemia, APL) type patients from 45 acute myeloid leukaemia patients. The mutation also existed in a pair of twins one of them developed acute myeloid leukaemia M4 (acute myelomonocytic leukaemia) type. The mutation resides in about 2-kb downstream of HOXA1 gene where a functional retinoic acid response element is located and also bound by histone demethylase KDM3B. Reporter assay showed that the mutation results in the upregulation of transcriptional activity and unresponsiveness to retinoic acid receptor. To sum up, we identified a new acute myeloid leukaemia associated noncoding somatic mutation.

Key factors determining variations in RNA interference efficacy mediated by different double-stranded RNA lengths in Tribolium castaneum

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) length may affect RNA interference (RNAi) efficacy. Herein, variation in RNAi efficacy associated with dsRNA molecular length was confirmed via comparison of knockdown results following dsRNA injection into Tribolium castaneum. Through in vitro experiments with T. castaneum midgut, dsRNA accumulation in the midgut, degradation by midgut homogenates and persistence in haemolymph after injection were tested to determine the causes of RNAi efficacy variation. The comparative efficacies of dsRNAs were 480 bp ≈ 240 bp > 120 bp > 60 bp >> 21 bp. The combined midgut dsRNA accumulation and midgut homogenate-induced degradation analyses suggested cellular uptake to be the key barrier for 21 bp dsRNA functioning, but was likely not the main determinant of the variation in longer dsRNAs' (≥60 bp) bioactivity. In vitro RNAi experiment with T. castaneum midgut showed that long dsRNAs all significantly depleted the expression of corresponding genes, suggesting little variation in intracellular RNAi machinery's affinity for different dsRNA lengths. In vivo haemolymph content dynamics of different dsRNAs following injection indicated higher persistence of longer dsRNAs. In addition, comparison of the in vivo and in vitro RNAi efficacy also indicated the importance of haemolymph degradation. Thus, the varied efficacy of long dsRNAs resulted from their degradation by nucleases, which varied with dsRNA length.

Abstract P2-01-10: Withdrawn

This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.

Citation Format: Hasan MK, Widhopf II GF, Zhang S, Shen Z, Briggs SP, Kipps TJ. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-10.

[Effects of budesonide aerosol inhalation on the immunological functions of peripheral dendritic cells in patients with allergic rhinitis]

Objective: To investigate the immunologic functional changes of peripheral dendritic cells (DC) in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) during the treatment by budesonide aerosol inhalation.Method:25 patients with moderate to severe persistent AR were concluded in current study, and they were given budesonide aerosol inhalation for 8 weeks. AR related nasal symptom scores and indices, peripheral DC counts and percentages as well as their activation before and 4 weeks, 8 weeks after treatment were determined.Result:There were significant decrease in nasal symptom scores, eosinophils, AR specific IgE antibodies after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The overall clinical efficiency reached 88% at the end of the treatment. Peripheral DC counts and DC/PBMC decreased in comparison with the levels of pre-treatment (P<0.05). Compared with the levels before treatment, DC activation markers CD86 and CD80 reduced to various extent, while glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) positive cells gradually elevated (P<0.05). In the DC secreted IL-10 decreased against the treatment duration, while IFN-γ from DC conditioned T cells statistically increased after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion:Budesonide suppressed DC activation and maturation, which might redirect DC-involved Th2 response, in turn alleviating the AR symptoms.

[An analysis of the evaluation results of symptom checklist 90 for occupational females in different industries]

Objective: To evaluate the mental health of occupational females in different industries. Methods: We investigated the psychologic status of Chinese occupational females using symptom checklist 90. And statistical software was applied to analyze results of symptom checklist 90. Results: There were 41, 166 effec-tive questionnaires. The number of positive questionnaires was 14 361, and the positive rate was 34.89%. The positive rate of obsessive-compulsive factor was 24.07%. The positive rate of somatization factor was 16.12%. The positive rate of depression was 15.50%. The median positive item number was 20 (IQR: 34) , and the median split of positive symptoms was 2.11 (IQR: 0.37) . There were differences in the positive rate of SCL-90 scale among different age groups, different regions and different industries, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . The positive rate of SCL-90 for the occupational females was 34.89%. The top three factors of the high-est positive SCL-90 were obsessive-compulsive symptoms, somatization and depression. Conclusion: There were differences in the psychological status of occupational females for different regions, different ages and different occupations.

[Prevalence of reproductive system diseases among female workers in a city and related occupational influencing factors: an analysis of 9944 cases]

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of reproductive system diseases among female workers in a city and related occupational influencing factors. Methods: From June to September, 2016, a cross-sectional survey was used to select 9 944 female workers from six districts of Beijing and then a face-to-face questionnaire survey was performed. Univariate analysis using chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the risk factors for reproductive system diseases. Results: The age of 9944 female workers ranged from 18 to 65 years (mean 35.53±9.52 years) , and among them, 7 351 (73.92%) were married. The overall prevalence rate of reproductive system diseases among these 9944 female workers during the past three months was 28.29%, and the prevalence rates of hyperplasia of mammary glands, vaginitis, and hysteromyoma were 15.54%, 11.25%, and 6.77%, respectively. After adjustment for age, marital status, education level, and annual family income, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that frequent overtime work (odds ratio[OR]=1.119, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 1.070-1.343) , frequent night shifts (OR=1.198, 95%CI: 1.054-1.361) , standing for a long time (OR=1.197, 95%CI: 1.063-1.347) , sitting for a long time (OR=1.327, 95%CI: 1.191-1.479) , heavy workload (OR=1.429, 95%CI: 1.262-1.615) , exposure to lead (OR=1.696, 95%CI: 1.307-2.201) , exposure to mercury (OR=1.452, 95%CI: 1.086-1.940) , and exposure to ionizing radiation (OR=1.679, 95%CI: 1.424-1.980) were associated with reproductive system diseases. Conclusion: The prevalence of reproductive system diseases among female workers in Beijing is not optimistic. Reproductive system diseases are associated with frequent overtime work, frequent night shifts, standing for a long time, sitting for a long time, heavy workload, and exposure to lead, mercury, and ionizing radiation.

[A meta-analysis of Symptom Checklist-90 assessment results in Chinese nurses]

Objective: To investigate the application of Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) in Chinese nurses. Methods: We performed a literature search for articles in Chinese on the mental health of nurses investigated using the SCL-90 that were published from January 2007 to December 2016. A total of 129 articles were included, involving 178 groups of valid samples as well as 36316 subjects in 27 provinces or cities in China. The metafor package of R 3.2.1 software and Excel were used for meta-analysis and data statistics. Results: Heterogeneity was identified for the nine factors included in the literature data (Q test: P<0.05; I(2) test >40%) , so a random effects model was used. For all factors except interpersonal relationship factor, the 95% confidence intervals of the pooled effect sizes did not include 0. For all factors except interpersonal relationship factor (Egger test: P<0.05) , no significant asymmetry or incompleteness appeared in the funnel plots. The fail-safe number of each factor was much larger than 5k+10. The merger scores and mean values of nine factors were higher than the national norm. Conclusion: The SCL-90 is widely used in the study of mental status of Chinese nurses, but the SCL-90 norm for nurses is lacking.

Passive sensing around the corner using spatial coherence

When direct vision is obstructed, detecting an object usually involves either using mirrors or actively controlling some of the properties of light used for illumination. In our paradigm, we show that a highly scattering wall can transfer certain statistical properties of light, which, in turn, can assist in detecting objects even in non-line-of-sight conditions. We experimentally demonstrate that the transformation of spatial coherence during the reflection of light from a diffusing wall can be used to retrieve geometric information about objects hidden around a corner and assess their location. This sensing approach is completely passive, assumes no control over the source of light, and relies solely on natural broadband illumination.

Non-line-of-sight sensing requires purposely controlling some of the properties of light during the measurement process. Here, the authors show that reflection from a diffusive surface preserves some coherence properties and the shape and the distance to an incoherently illuminated object can be measured using the spatial coherence function.