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Vasudev SS, Ahmad FJ, Khar RK, Bhatnagar A, Kamal YT, Talegaonkar S, Iqbal Z. Validated HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of taxol and ellagic acid in a Punica granatum fruit extract containing combination formulation. DIE PHARMAZIE 2012; 67:834-838. [PMID: 23136716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid, precise and accurate isocratic reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of paclitaxel and ellagic acid in a combination nanoformulation. Separation was achieved using a 25 x 4.6 mm column, particle size 5 microm C18 reverse phase column (Luna), with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and 0.05% H3PO4, in gradient elution mode with a mobile phase flow rate of 1 mL/min, using UV visible detection at 230 nm. Sharp and well defined peaks were obtained at retention times of 13.75 min. and 11.6 min. for paclitaxel and ellagic acid, respectively. Regression analysis showed a good linear relationship (r2 = 0.996 +/- 0.0011) and (r2 = 0.993 +/- 0.0011) over wide ranges of 5-500 microg/ml and 1-500 microg/ml for paclitaxel and ellagic acid, respectively. LOD and LOQ of paclitaxel were 30 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml, respectively, while for ellagic acid LOD and LOQ were 300 ng/ml and 1 microg/ml, respectively. The accuracy of the method was determined by recovery studies using the standard addition method and was found to be in the range of 99.61-101.21% and 98.70-102.22% for paclitaxel and ellagic acid, respectively. The relative standard deviation (% RSD) for precision, repeatability and robustness was less than 2%. The ellagic acid content in fruits of Punica granatum and combination formulation with paclitaxel was analyzed and found to be 0.04% w/w and 0.0012%w/w, respectively. The proposed, developed and validated HPLC method for the simultaneous quantification of ellagic acid and paclitaxel can be used for the quality control and standardization of several crude drugs and different combination formulations, in which ellagic acid is present.
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Coetzee N, Duggal H, Hawker J, Ibbotson S, Harrison TG, Phin N, Laza-Stanca V, Johnston R, Iqbal Z, Rehman Y, Knapper E, Robinson S, Aigbogun N. An outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease associated with a display spa pool in retail premises, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom, July 2012. Euro Surveill 2012. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.17.37.20271-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
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Coetzee N, Duggal H, Hawker J, Ibbotson S, Harrison TG, Phin N, Laza-Stanca V, Johnston R, Iqbal Z, Rehman Y, Knapper E, Robinson S, Aigbogun N. An outbreak of Legionnaires' disease associated with a display spa pool in retail premises, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom, July 2012. Euro Surveill 2012; 17:20271. [PMID: 22995431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-one confirmed cases of Legionnaires’ disease (Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1) were identified in the Stoke-on-Trent area of England with onsets since 2 July 2012. Sequence-based typing results are available for nine cases; all are a unique type (ST1268). Initial interviews highlighted a number of possible environmental sources. Inspection of premises of interest revealed an operating spa pool on display, from which the outbreak strain was identified. All cases had visited the retail premise with this spa pool.
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Saddiqi HA, Jabbar A, Babar W, Sarwar M, Iqbal Z, Cabaret J. Contrasting views of animal healthcare providers on worm control practices for sheep and goats in an arid environment. Parasite 2012; 19:53-61. [PMID: 22314240 PMCID: PMC3671427 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2012191053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the worm control practices and anthelmintic usage of 150 key respondents involved in sheep and goat production in the arid Thal area of Pakistan. The information was collected by visiting farms, and interviewing the key respondents which included veterinary officers (n = 15), veterinary assistants (n = 51), traditional practitioners (n = 24), and small and large scale sheep/goat farm herders and owners (n = 60). Among all interviewed animal healthcare providers, the veterinary officers had the highest level of awareness of parasitic infection and advocated the use of modern available anthelmintics according to the predefined schedule. The farmers on the other hand, had the lowest level of knowledge about parasitic infections. They used modern anthelmintics at low frequencies (every six months) following an unusual practice of diluting the medicine. Veterinary assistants had a medium level of awareness about the parasitic infections using anthelmintic treatments when they deemed necessary rather than following a predefined treatment schedule. Traditional practitioners were also aware of parasitic infections and used traditional anthelmintics or a combination of the traditional and modern anthelmintics. The animal health providers had a different awareness and knowledge of parasitic infections which resulted in contrasting proposals for its' control. The farmers used worm control measures in accordance with their own views and those of animal healthcare advisors, combining modern and traditional treatments. This study provides the first insight into the differing views of those animal healthcare providers who form the basis for effective parasitic control within the sheep and goat industry of an arid region.
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Ismail M, Iqbal Z, Khattak MB, Javaid A, Khan MI, Khan TM, Asim SM. Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Psychiatric Ward of a Tertiary Care Hospital: Prevalence, Levels and Association with Risk Factors. TROP J PHARM RES 2012. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v11i2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Lem KW, Choudhury A, Lakhani AA, Kuyate P, Haw JR, Lee DS, Iqbal Z, Brumlik CJ. Use of nanosilver in consumer products. RECENT PATENTS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 6:60-72. [PMID: 22023078 DOI: 10.2174/187221012798109318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP; many other names such as nanosilver and colloidal silver) have already been used in everyday consumer products requiring broad spectrum antibiotic performance because of their enormous surface area and reactivity. Faunce and Watal [1] recently have critically analyzed the international regulatory issues for medical and domestic use in USA, EU, UK, and Australia. They found that in spite of the fact numerous studies have been made in the past decades, but many scientists are still uncertain of its safety. Very recently, Powers mentioned in her dissertation that her results showed positive that Ag+ and AgNP are developmental neurotoxicants in vitro and in vivo [2]. Therefore, there is a need to conduct a study to identify a global landscape of AgNPs and their products, and their manufacturers. A market- based intellectual property (IP) study has been conducted to examine the current global patent landscape of companies using AgNP in their consumer product development and production from 1980 to 2010. Detailed information in the compositions and formulations is extracted using a "two-stage" stage-gate process from the IP activity in the use of nanosilver. The first stage is in commercial products and the second stage is in consumer products. In the first stage for AgNP and AgNP-based commercial products, there were 7,422 patent families from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2010. In the second stage for AgNP-based consumer products, 932 patent families from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2010 were found. Korea, China and USA were found to be the major players in AgNP and AgNP-based commercial and consumer products. However, the recent patenting downturn was observed probably due to rising price in silver metal, regulatory uncertainty, public perception, and health safety & environmental (HS&E) issues.
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Sultana Y, Maurya DP, Iqbal Z, Aqil M. Nanotechnology in ocular delivery: current and future directions. Drugs Today (Barc) 2011; 47:441-55. [PMID: 21695286 DOI: 10.1358/dot.2011.47.6.1549023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge in the field of ocular drug delivery is rapidly expanding. An increase in the understanding of ocular drug absorption and disposition vis-à-vis developments in nanotechnology has led to the emergence of many of the nanotechnology-based ocular drug delivery systems including nanoparticles, microemulsions, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, light-sensitive nanocarrier systems, etc. The need to develop effective treatments for posterior eye segment diseases is more important than surface delivery. Treatment of blinding diseases of the eye, such as proliferative retinopathy or macular degeneration, requires effective and safe delivery of drugs to posterior eye segment tissues, and recent advances in nanotechnology have demonstrated successful outcomes. Nanoscientists should focus their efforts on nano-ophthalmology. This review describes the current status and progress made so far, and the course that needs to be pursued in the future.
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Mirza MA, Ahmad N, Agarwal SP, Mahmood D, Khalid Anwer M, Iqbal Z. Comparative evaluation of humic substances in oral drug delivery. RESULTS IN PHARMA SCIENCES 2011; 1:16-26. [PMID: 25755978 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinphs.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Major and biologically most explored components of natural organic matter (NOM) are humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA). We have explored rock shilajit as a source of NOM. On the other hand carbamazepine (CBZ) is a well known anticonvulsant drug and has a limited accessibility to brain. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles of CBZ have been improved by complexation and different techniques also. Present study has assessed the comparative abilities of FA and HA as complexing agent for CBZ in order to enhance pharmacokinetic profile of CBZ and accessibility to the brain. These two complexing agents have been compared on various indices such as their abilities to cause complexation and enhance solubility, permeability and dissolution. The present study also compared pharmacodynamic and biochemical profiles after oral administration of complexes. With the help of various pharmaceutical techniques such as freeze drying, physical mixture, kneading and solvent evaporation, two molar ratios (1:1 and 1:2) were selected for complexation and evaluated for conformational analysis (molecular modeling). Complex formed was further characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), mass spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Preclinical study on rodents with CBZ-HA and CBZ-FA has yielded appreciable results in terms of their anticonvulsant and antioxidants activities. However, CBZ-HA (1:2) demonstrated better result than any other complex.
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Banik R, Kouya F, Iqbal Z. Acute postoperative pain induces anxiety-like behaviors in a rat model. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2010.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Iqbal Z, Lateef M, Jabbar A, Gilani A. In vivo anthelmintic activity of Azadirachta indica A. Juss seeds against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. Vet Parasitol 2010; 168:342-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Saddiqi H, Iqbal Z, Khan M, Sarwar M, Muhammad G, Yaseen M, Jabbar A. Evaluation of three Pakistani sheep breeds for their natural resistance to artificial infection of Haemonchus contortus. Vet Parasitol 2010; 168:141-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Alam S, Iqbal Z, Ali A, Khar RK, Ahmad FJ, Akhter S, Talegaonkar S. Microemulsion as a Potential Transdermal Carrier for Poorly Water Soluble Antifungal Drug Itraconazole. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01932690903107265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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88
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Ahmad S, Jain GK, Faiyazuddin M, Iqbal Z, Talegaonkar S, Sultana Y, Ahmad FJ. Stability-indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for analysis of terbinafine in pharmaceutical formulations. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2009. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.21.2009.4.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mehta C, Masson G, Iqbal Z, O'Mahony F, Khalid R. Prevalence of excessive alcohol consumption in pregnancy. Public Health 2009; 123:630-1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2009.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2009] [Revised: 04/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hudetz JA, Iqbal Z, Gandhi SD, Patterson KM, Byrne AJ, Hudetz AG, Pagel PS, Warltier DC. Ketamine attenuates post-operative cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2009; 53:864-72. [PMID: 19422355 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2009.01978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) commonly occurs after cardiac surgery. Ketamine exerts neuroprotective effects after cerebral ischemia by anti-excitotoxic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. We hypothesized that ketamine attenuates POCD in patients undergoing cardiac surgery concomitant with an anti-inflammatory effect. METHODS Patients randomly received placebo (0.9% saline; n=26) or an i.v. bolus of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg; n=26) during anesthetic induction. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane and fentanyl. A nonsurgical group (n=26) was also included as control. Recent verbal and nonverbal memory and executive functions were assessed before and 1 week after surgery or a 1-week waiting period for the nonsurgical controls. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were determined before surgery and on the first post-operative day. RESULTS Baseline neurocognitive and depression scores were similar in the placebo, ketamine, and nonsurgical control groups. Cognitive performance after surgery decreased by at least 2 SDs (z-score of 1.96) in 21 patients in the placebo group and only in seven patients in the ketamine group compared with the nonsurgical controls (P<0.001, Fisher's exact test). Cognitive performance was also significantly different between the placebo- and the ketamine-treated groups based on all z-scores (P<0.001, Mann-Whitney U-test). Pre-operative CRP concentrations were similar (P<0.33, Mann-Whitney U-test) in the placebo- and ketamine-treated groups. The post-operative CRP concentration was significantly (P<0.01, Mann-Whitney U-test) lower in the ketamine-treated than in the placebo-treated group. CONCLUSIONS Ketamine attenuates POCD 1 week after cardiac surgery and this effect may be related to the anti-inflammatory action of the drug.
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Sultana S, Bhavna, Iqbal Z, Panda BP, Talegaonkar S, Bhatnagar A, Ahmad FJ. Lacidipine encapsulated gastroretentive microspheres prepared by chemical denaturation for Pylorospasm. J Microencapsul 2009; 26:385-93. [DOI: 10.1080/02652040802376429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Azeem A, Rizwan M, Ahmad FJ, Iqbal Z, Khar RK, Aqil M, Talegaonkar S. Development and validation of a stability-indicating LC-UV method for rapid analysis of buspirone in pharmaceutical dosage forms. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2009. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.21.2009.2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rahman A, Iqbal Z, Roberts C, Husain N. Cluster randomized trial of a parent-based intervention to support early development of children in a low-income country. Child Care Health Dev 2009; 35:56-62. [PMID: 18991970 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2008.00897.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmes that promote early psychological development of children in the developed world have been found to be beneficial. However, such programmes are rare in underprivileged parts of the developing world. We adapted one such parent-based programme (Learning Through Play) for a rural Pakistani population and aimed to study if: (1) it was acceptable to community health workers; (2) the programme led to an improvement, after a period of 6 months, in mothers' knowledge and attitudes about early infant development; (3) it led to a reduction in the levels of maternal mental distress in the post-natal period. METHODS Using a cluster randomized design with villages as unit of randomization, 163 mothers from 24 villages in a rural sub-district of Rawalpindi, Pakistan, received the 'Learning Through Play' programme, whereas 146 mothers from 24 villages acted as controls. Twenty-four community health workers were trained to carry out the programme. Assessments were conducted using a specially developed 15-item Infant Development Questionnaire and the 20-item Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ). RESULTS Over 80% of the community health workers trained found the programme to be relevant and were able to integrate it into their routine work. There was a significant increase in mothers' knowledge and positive attitudes about infant development in the intervention group, compared with the control group. Women in the intervention group answered correctly 4.3 (95% CI 3.7-14.9, P < 0.001) more questions than the control group. There was no difference in levels of mental distress measured by the SRQ. CONCLUSIONS The 'Learning Through Play' programme was successfully integrated into the existing health system and accepted by community health workers. The programme succeeded in improving the knowledge and attitudes of mothers about infant development.
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Jones DL, Chesworth S, Khalid M, Iqbal Z. Assessing the addition of mineral processing waste to green waste-derived compost: an agronomic, environmental and economic appraisal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:770-7. [PMID: 18809319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The overall aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of mixing two large volume wastes, namely mineral processing waste and source-segregated green waste compost, on the growth performance of plants targeted towards high (horticulture/agriculture) and low (amenity/restoration) value markets. The secondary aims were to evaluate the influence of mineral waste type on plant growth performance and to undertake a simple economic analysis of the use of mineral-compost mixtures in land restoration. Our results showed that in comparison to organic wastes, mineral wastes contained a low available nutrient content which reduces compost quality. This is supported by growth trials with tomato, wheat and grass which showed that, irrespective of mineral source, plants performed poorly in compost blended with mineral waste in comparison to those grown in green waste or peat-based compost alone. In terms of consumer confidence, unlike other wastes (e.g. biosolids and construction/demolition waste) the mineral quarry wastes can be expected to be free of potentially toxic elements, however, the production costs of compost-mineral waste mixtures and subsequent transport costs may limit its widespread use. In addition, handling of the material can be difficult under wet conditions and effective blending may require the purchase of specialist equipment. From our results, we conclude that mineral fines may prove useful for low quality, low value landscaping activities close to the source of production but are unsuited to high value markets.
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Abbas R, Iqbal Z, Sindhu ZD, Khan M, Arshad M. Identification of Cross-Resistance and Multiple Resistance in Eimeria tenella Field Isolates to Commonly Used Anticoccidials in Pakistan. J APPL POULTRY RES 2008. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2008-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Magazi DS, Krause A, Bonev V, Moagi M, Iqbal Z, Dludla M, van der Meyden CH. Huntington's disease: genetic heterogeneity in black African patients. S Afr Med J 2008; 98:200-203. [PMID: 18350222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Huntington's disease (HD) has been reported to occur rarely in black patients. A new genetic variant- Huntington's disease-like 2 (HDL2)--occurring more frequently in blacks, has recently been described. The absence of an expanded trinucleotide repeat at the chromosome 4 HD locus was previously regarded as a way of excluding classic HD. The objective of this paper is to describe a number of black patients with genetically proven HD and to review its occurrence in Africa. METHODS Eleven black families (12 subjects), with genetically proven HD, are described: 9 from the Dr George Mukhari Hospital, and 2 from private practice in Tshwane. RESULTS Chorea was present in all 12 patients and cognitive decline in 9. Nine had an age of onset between 30 and 50 years. Six families exhibited expansion of the trinucleotide repeat at the chromosome 4, IT 15 gene (HD), and 5 a junctophilin (JPH3) trinucleotide expansion at chromosome 16 (HDL2). The HDL2 subtype showed a tendency towards a later age of onset. CONCLUSIONS The clinical presentation of the two genotypes (i.e. HD and HDL2) appears to be similar. The actual rate of occurrence of HD in blacks may require re-assessment. Considering the number of Huntington's chorea patients occurring in our area (Garankuwa), the possibility of clustering of the condition arises.
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Azeem A, Iqbal Z, Ahmad FA, Khar RK, Talegaonkar S. Development and validation of a stability-indicating method for determination of ropinirole in the bulk drug and in pharmaceutical dosage forms. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2008. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.20.2008.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tilakaratne WM, Iqbal Z, Teh MT, Ariyawardana A, Pitiyage G, Cruchley A, Stewart JE, Hagi-Pavli E, Lalli A, Waseem A, Parkinson EK, Fortune F. Upregulation of HIF-1alpha in malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Pathol Med 2008; 37:372-7. [PMID: 18221327 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00625.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a precancerous condition showing extensive fibrosis of the submucosa and affects most parts of the oral cavity, including pharynx and upper third of the oesophagus. The molecules involved in the biological pathways of the fibrotic process appeared to be either down- or upregulated at different stages of the disease. Despite the precancerous nature, malignant transformation of the epithelium in the background of fibrosis has not been studied in detail. HIF-1alpha is a known transcription factor that is induced by hypoxia. AIMS To test the hypothesis that hypoxia plays a role in malignant transformation and progression of OSF. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used both formalin-fixed and frozen samples of OSF and normal mucosa to investigate the relationship between HIF-1alpha and epithelial dysplasia using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that HIF-1alpha is upregulated at both protein and mRNA levels in OSF and the correlation with epithelial dysplasia is statistically significant (P < 0.001). We propose that HIF-1alpha may play a role in malignant transformation of OSF. Further, over-expression of HIF-1alpha may contribute to the progression of fibrosis. It may be possible to use HIF-1alpha as a marker for malignant transformation of OSF.
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Nadeem M, Khan MN, Iqbal Z, Sajid MS, Arshad M, Yaseen M. Determinants influencing prevalence of louse infestations on layers of district Faisalabad (Pakistan). Br Poult Sci 2007; 48:546-50. [PMID: 17952725 DOI: 10.1080/00071660701573086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
1. This paper describes the influence of some epidemiological determinants on the prevalence of louse infestation on layers in Faisalabad (Pakistan). 2. Seventy layer farms were screened to determine the prevalence of louse infestation and its determinants including age of the bird, availability of space per bird and frequency of litter change. Prevalence of Lipeurus caponis was highest (53.2%), followed by Menacanthus stramineus (22.16%), Goniodes dissimilis (12.37%) and Goniodes gallinae (12.37%). 3. Older birds (36 to 74 weeks of age) were found with a significantly higher prevalence of louse infestation than younger birds. 4. Month-wise prevalence of louse infestation was higher during the summer months (from April to August) and at older age. 5. Birds kept at floor area allowances ranging from 0.43 to 0.55 m(2) were highly infested with lice as compared to those provided with a space of 0.61 m(2) or higher per bird. 6. Litter change frequency after every 8 weeks resulted in a reduced chance of louse infestation as compared to less frequent litter changing practice. 7. It was concluded from the study that the louse infestation is a menace for the poultry production industry in Pakistan and age, space per bird and litter change frequency are the influencing determinants. 8. Further research on the chemotherapeutic trials and resistance in poultry should be continued for an effective lice control program.
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Vepřek S, Iqbal Z, Sarott FA. A thermodynamic criterion of the crystalline-to-amorphous transition in silicon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/13642818208246392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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