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Kalariya NM, Shoeb M, Reddy ABM, Sawhney R, Ramana KV. Piceatannol suppresses endotoxin-induced ocular inflammation in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 17:439-46. [PMID: 23892029 PMCID: PMC3786330 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory effect of piceatannol, a naturally occurring polyphenol and a potent free radical scavenger, on ocular inflammation is not known. We examined the anti-inflammatory role of piceatannol in ocular inflammatory response due to endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats. EIU was induced in Lewis rats by subcutaneous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 150 ug/rat). Piceatannol (30mg/kg body wt, i.p) was injected either 2h prior to or 1h post LPS induction. A significant increase in the number of infiltrating cells, total protein, and various cytokines and chemokines in AqH were observed in the EIU rat eyes as compared to control groups. However, pre- or post-treatment of piceatannol significantly blocked the LPS-induced changes. Further, piceatannol also suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and activation of NF-κB in the ciliary bodies as well as retina. Further, piceatannol also inhibited the expression of Cox-2, iNOS, and phosphorylation of NF-κB in primary human non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cells (HNPECs) treated with LPS. Similarly, piceatannol also diminished LPS-induced level of NO and prostaglandin E2 in HNPECs. Thus our results demonstrate an anti-inflammatory role of piceatannol in suppressing ocular inflammation induced by endotoxin in rats.
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Sevillano Torrado C, Lugo Adán E, Viso Outeiriño E. [Pharmacological pseudo-Fuchs]. ARCHIVOS DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2013; 88:283-285. [PMID: 23768478 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CASE REPORT A case of unilateral iridis hyperpigmentation and uveitis due to travoprost is presented. DISCUSSION Anterior uveitis is a rare side-effect of travoprost. In this case, heterochromic iris was also presented, which led us to the wrong diagnosis of a Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis. The differencial diagnosis along with the associated literature is discussed.
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Zhang J, Zhao FF, Bai S, Zheng J, Zheng P, Dai GD. [Study on inhibitory effect of lycium pigment on lipopolysaccharide-induced uveitis in rats and its mechanism]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG YAO ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO ZHONGYAO ZAZHI = CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA 2013; 38:1778-1782. [PMID: 24010295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect of lycium pigment on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced uveitis in rats and its mechanism. METHOD The rat uveitis model was established by 30-day oral administration of lycium pigment (50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1)) and footpad injection of LPS. Ocular tissues were collected for a histopathological inspection. The protein, nitric oxide and ADMA in aqueous humor, level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in retina, activities of serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined by using Western blot, ELISA and biochemical methods. RESULT According to the pathological study, lycium pigment (50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1)) could notably reduce the inflammatory cell infiltration around corpus ciliare matrix of uveitis rats, and the concentration of protein and nitric oxide, and increased ADMA in aqueous humor. Lycium pigment (100, 200 mg x kg(-1)) could significantly inhibit the expression of iNOS in ocular tissues. In addition, lycium pigment (100, 200 mg x kg(-1)) also decrease the activities of serum T-AOC, SOD, GSH-PX, and the content of lipid peroxide MDA. CONCLUSION Lycium pigment has the inhibitory effect on LPS-induced uveitis in rats. Its mechanism is related to the regulation of nitric oxide/ADMA pathway and the improvement of oxidation resistance.
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Bisphosphonates: uveitis and scleritis. PRESCRIRE INTERNATIONAL 2013; 22:128. [PMID: 23819179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Abstract
Uveitis is a common cause of vision loss, accounting for 10-15 % of all cases of blindness worldwide and affects individuals of all ages, genders, and races. Uveitis represents a broad range of intraocular inflammatory conditions due to complications of autoimmune diseases, bacterial infections, viral infections, and chemical and metabolic injuries. Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rodents is an efficient experimental model to investigate the pathological mechanism and pharmacological efficacy of potential drug agents. EIU is characterized by clinically relevant classical signs of inflammation, including inflammatory exudates and cells in the anterior and vitreous chambers. EIU in small animal models such as rats, mice, and rabbits is a short-lived uveal inflammation that can be developed subsequent to administration of bacterial endotoxin, such as lipopolysaccharide. Here, we present a reproducible, reliable, and simplified protocol to induce EIU in mice. This method could be used with similar efficacy for EIU induction in other small animals as well.
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Bousquet E, Zhao M, Ly A, Leroux les Jardins G, Goldenberg B, Naud MC, Jonet L, Besson-Lescure B, Jaisser F, Farman N, De Kozak Y, Behar-Cohen F. The aldosterone-mineralocorticoid receptor pathway exerts anti-inflammatory effects in endotoxin-induced uveitis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49036. [PMID: 23152847 PMCID: PMC3494666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that the eye is a mineralocorticoid-sensitive organ and we now question the role of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in ocular inflammation. The endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU), a rat model of human intraocular inflammation, was induced by systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Evaluations were made 6 and 24 hours after intraocular injection of aldosterone (simultaneous to LPS injection). Three hours after onset of EIU, the MR and the glucocorticoid metabolizing enzyme 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) expression were down-regulated in iris/ciliary body and the corticosterone concentration was increased in aqueous humor, altering the normal MR/glucocorticoid receptor (GR) balance. At 24 hours, the GR expression was also decreased. In EIU, aldosterone reduced the intensity of clinical inflammation in a dose-dependent manner. The clinical benefit of aldosterone was abrogated in the presence of the MR antagonist (RU26752) and only partially with the GR antagonist (RU38486). Aldosterone reduced the release of inflammatory mediators (6 and 24 hours: TNF-α, IFN-γ, MIP-1α) in aqueous humor and the number of activated microglia/macrophages. Aldosterone partly prevented the uveitis-induced MR down-regulation. These results suggest that MR expression and activation in iris/ciliary body could protect the ocular structures against damages induced by EIU.
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Weber JS, Kähler KC, Hauschild A. Management of immune-related adverse events and kinetics of response with ipilimumab. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:2691-7. [PMID: 22614989 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.41.6750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1063] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies directed against the immune checkpoint protein cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4; CD152)-ipilimumab and tremelimumab-have been investigated in metastatic melanoma and other cancers and have shown promising results. Recently, ipilimumab was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. We review the literature on managing the adverse effects and kinetics of tumor regression with ipilimumab and provide guidelines on their management. During treatment with these antibodies, a unique set of adverse effects may occur, called immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These include rashes, which may rarely progress to life-threatening toxic epidermal necrolysis, and colitis, characterized by a mild to moderate, but occasionally also severe and persistent diarrhea. Hypophysitis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, iridocyclitis, lymphadenopathy, neuropathies, and nephritis have also been reported with ipilimumab. Early recognition of irAEs and initiation of treatment are critical to reduce the risk of sequelae. Interestingly, irAEs correlated with treatment response in some studies. Unique kinetics of response have been observed with CTLA-4 blockade with at least four patterns: (1) response in baseline lesions by week 12, with no new lesions seen; (2) stable disease, followed by a slow, steady decline in total tumor burden; (3) regression of tumor after initial increase in total tumor burden; and (4) reduction in total tumor burden during or after the appearance of new lesion(s) after week 12. We provide a detailed description of irAEs and recommendations for practicing oncologists who are managing them, along with the unusual kinetics of response associated with ipilimumab therapy.
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83
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Cunningham ET, Pasadhika S, Suhler EB, Zierhut M. Drug-induced inflammation in patients on TNFα inhibitors. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2012; 20:2-5. [PMID: 22324894 DOI: 10.3109/09273948.2011.644383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Yang S, Lu H, Wang J, Qi X, Liu X, Zhang X. The effect of toll-like receptor 4 on macrophage cytokines during endotoxin induced uveitis. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:7508-7520. [PMID: 22837708 PMCID: PMC3397540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13067508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal activation of macrophages can lead to endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). Previously, our research group has demonstrated a higher expression of TLR4 in vivo during EIU than normal. In this study, we analyzed levels of peritoneal macrophage cytokines from C3H/HeN mice with LPS stimulation in vitro to elucidate the effect of TLR4 on cytokines during EIU.
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85
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Albani-Campanario M, Buendía-Díaz G, Flores-Islas MDL, Maquita-Nakano C, Ochoa-Cervantes J. [Zoledronic acid-based uveitis: a case report and a bibliography review]. GINECOLOGIA Y OBSTETRICIA DE MEXICO 2012; 80:355-359. [PMID: 23301428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There are several treatment options for postmenopausic patients suffering from ostopenia or osteoporosis; one of them being inhibition of bone resorption using bisphosphonates. The most common side effects of these drugs are of gastrointestinal nature. There are, of course, other side effects that could jeopardize the function and integrity of other organs or systems. A case of a 58-year-old patient presenting zoledronic-acid induced uveitis symptoms is reported. The importance of this paper lies in that this complication is rather exceptional, in particular if associated with the biphosphonate in question.
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Rosenzweig HL, Woods A, Clowers JS, Planck SR, Rosenbaum JT. The NLRP3 inflammasome is active but not essential in endotoxin-induced uveitis. Inflamm Res 2012; 61:225-31. [PMID: 22119862 PMCID: PMC3335428 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-011-0404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The inflammasome complex involving caspase-1 and nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing protein (NLRP)3, also known as NALP3 or cryopyrin is important for host responses to microbial pathogens and several autoinflammatory diseases. We investigated the extent to which NLRP3 and caspase-1 control ocular interleukin (IL)-1β production and severity of uveitis (intraocular inflammatory disease) in an established, acute inflammatory uveitis model, endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). METHODS Expression of NLRP3, its adaptor molecule ASC, also known as PYCARD (PYD and CARD domain containing), and caspase-1 were examined by immunoblotting. IL-1β production was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Using knockout mice, roles for caspase-1 and NLRP3 were examined in uveitis induced by intraocular injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). RESULTS NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 proteins are constitutively expressed in eye tissue. During EIU, IL-1β protein production increases; this requires the presence of both caspase-1 and NLRP3. However, severity of EIU is not altered by deficiency in either caspase-1 or NLRP3, as assessed by both intravital microscopy and histology. CONCLUSIONS These data identify the importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome for IL-1β production in the eye, yet indicate that its participation in EIU is nonessential.
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Del Sole MJ, Sande PH, Fernandez DC, Sarmiento MIK, Aba MA, Rosenstein RE. Therapeutic benefit of melatonin in experimental feline uveitis. J Pineal Res 2012; 52:29-37. [PMID: 21762209 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2011.00913.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Uveitis is a frequent ophthalmic disorder which constitutes one of the main causes of blindness in domestic cats. The aim of this report was to analyze the effect of melatonin on experimentally induced uveitis in cats. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected intravitreally into one eye from intact cats, while the contralateral eye was injected with vehicle. Melatonin was orally administered every 24 hr to a group of ten cats, from 24 hr before until 45 days after intravitreal injections. Eyes were evaluated by means of clinical evaluation, intraocular pressure (IOP), blood-ocular barrier integrity (via measurement of protein concentration and cell content in samples of aqueous humor [AH]), electroretinogram (ERG), and histological examination of the retinas. In LPS-treated eyes, several clinical signs were observed until day 45 postinjection. The treatment with melatonin significantly decreased clinical signs and prevented the reduction in IOP induced by LPS. In LPS-injected eyes, melatonin significantly preserved the blood-ocular barrier integrity, as shown by a decrease in the number of infiltrating cells and protein concentration in the AH. Mean amplitudes of scotopic ERG a- and b-waves were significantly reduced in eyes injected with LPS, whereas melatonin significantly prevented the effect of LPS. At 45 days after injection, LPS induced alterations in photoreceptors and at the middle portion of the retina, whereas melatonin preserved the retinal structure. These results indicate that melatonin prevented clinical, biochemical, functional, and histological alterations induced by LPS injection. Thus, melatonin might constitute a useful tool for the treatment of feline uveitis.
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Yang X, Jin H, Liu K, Gu Q, Xu X. A novel peptide derived from human pancreatitis-associated protein inhibits inflammation in vivo and in vitro and blocks NF-kappa B signaling pathway. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29155. [PMID: 22195011 PMCID: PMC3237597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) is a pancreatic secretory protein belongs to the group VII of C-type lectin family. Emerging evidence suggests that PAP plays a protective effect in inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we newly identified a 16-amino-acid peptide (named PAPep) derived from C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD) of human PAP with potent anti-inflammatory activity using both in vivo and in vitro assays. Methodology/Principal Findings We assessed the anti-inflammatory effect of PAPep on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats and demonstrated that intravitreal pretreatment of PAPep concentration-dependently attenuated clinical manifestation of EIU rats, reduced protein leakage and cell infiltration into the aqueous humor (AqH), suppressed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 production in ocular tissues, and improved histopathologic manifestation of EIU. Furthermore, PAPep suppressed the LPS-induced mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells, inhibited protein expression of ICAM-1 in TNF-α-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as well as U937 cells adhesion to HUVECs. Western blot analysis in ocular tissues and different cell lines revealed that the possible mechanism for this anti-inflammatory effect of PAPep may depend on its ability to inhibit the activation of NF-kB signaling pathway. Conclusions/Significance Our studies provide the first evidence that the sequence of PAPep is within the critically active region for the anti-inflammatory function of PAP and the peptide may be a promising candidate for the management of ocular inflammatory diseases.
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Fielden M, Nelson B, Kherani A. Acute intraocular inflammation following intravitreal injection of bevacizumab--a large cluster of cases. Acta Ophthalmol 2011; 89:e664-5. [PMID: 21159147 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.02054.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fukudome M, Araki-Sasaki K, Kawano Y. [On: Three cases of uveitis induced by mycobacteriosis therapy using rifabutin]. NIPPON GANKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 2011; 115:1048-1049. [PMID: 22171511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Yadav UCS, Shoeb M, Srivastava SK, Ramana KV. Aldose reductase deficiency protects from autoimmune- and endotoxin-induced uveitis in mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011; 52:8076-85. [PMID: 21911582 PMCID: PMC3208006 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-7830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of aldose reductase (AR) deficiency in protecting the chronic experimental autoimmune (EAU) and acute endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in c57BL/6 mice. METHODS The WT and AR-null (ARKO) mice were immunized with human interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding peptide (hIRPB-1-20), to induce EAU, or were injected subcutaneously with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 100 μg) to induce EIU. The mice were killed on day 21 for EAU and at 24 hours for EIU, when the disease was at its peak, and the eyes were immediately enucleated for histologic and biochemical studies. Spleen-derived T-lymphocytes were used to study the antigen-specific immune response in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS In WT-EAU mice, severe damage to the retinal wall, especially to the photoreceptor layer was observed, corresponding to a pathologic score of ∼2, which was significantly prevented in the ARKO or AR inhibitor-treated mice. The levels of cytokines and chemokines increased markedly in the whole-eye homogenates of WT-EAU mice, but not in ARKO-EAU mice. Further, expression of inflammatory marker proteins such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 was increased in the WT-EIU mouse eyes but not in the ARKO-EIU eyes. The T cells proliferated vigorously when exposed to the hIRPB antigen in vitro and secreted various cytokines and chemokines, which were significantly inhibited in the T cells isolated from the ARKO mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that AR-deficiency/inhibition protects against acute as well as chronic forms of ocular inflammatory complications such as uveitis.
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Yadav UCS, Shoeb M, Srivastava SK, Ramana KV. Amelioration of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis by aldose reductase inhibition in Lewis rats. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011; 52:8033-41. [PMID: 21900376 PMCID: PMC3208000 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-7485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, the authors showed that the inhibition of aldose reductase (AR) prevents bacterial endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats. They have now investigated the efficacy of AR inhibitors in the prevention of experimental autoimmune-induced uveitis (EAU) in rats. METHODS Lewis rats were immunized with bovine interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding peptide (IRBP) to develop EAU. Two or 8 days after immunization, the rats started receiving the AR inhibitor fidarestat (7 mg/kg/d; intraperitoneally). They were killed when the disease was at its peak; aqueous humor (AqH) was collected from one eye, and the other eye of each rat was used for histologic studies. The protein concentration and the levels of inflammatory markers were determined in AqH. Immunohistochemical analysis of eye sections was performed to determine the expression of inflammatory markers. The effect of AR inhibition on immune response was investigated in isolated T lymphocytes. RESULTS Immunization of rats by IRBP peptide resulted in a significant infiltration of leukocytes in the posterior and the anterior chambers of the eye. Further, EAU caused an increase in the concentration of proteins, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines in AqH, and the expression of inflammatory markers such as inducible-nitric oxide synthase and cycloxygenase-2 in the rat eye ciliary bodies and retina. Treatment with fidarestat significantly prevented the EAU-induced ocular inflammatory changes. AR inhibition also prevented the proliferation of spleen-derived T cells isolated from EAU rats in response to the IRBP antigen. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that AR could be a novel mediator of bovine IRBP-induced uveitis in rats.
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Saito T, Oban A, Tsuchiya Y, Saito K, Hotta Y. [Three cases of uveitis induced by mycobacteriosis therapy using rifabutin]. NIPPON GANKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 2011; 115:595-601. [PMID: 21815489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rifabutin has been used clinically to combat tuberculosis as well as nontuberculosis Mycobacterium since 2008 in Japan. Uveitis associated with rifabutin is described in many reports, but none of these are of Japanese. We report three Japanese cases of nontuberculosis Mycobacterium with rifabutin-associated uveitis. CASE 1: A 91-year-old woman developed bilateral uveitis with hypopyon and vitreous opacity at 2 months after the initiation of rifabutin administration. The uveitis persisted regardless of topical administration of corticosteroids and the discontinuance of rifabutin. Her right eye required goniosynechiolysis in order to cure a secondary glaucoma, and the left eye required vitrectomy in order to cure vitreous inflammation. CASE 2: A 72-year-old woman developed uveitis in her right eye at 7 months after the initiation of rifabutin administration. Rifabutin was stopped two days after she presented, and the uveitis resolved quickly with topical administration of corticosteroids. CASE 3: An 83-year-old woman developed bilateral uveitis at 6 months after the initiation of rifabutin administration. The rifabutin was stopped two months after the initiation and the uveitis resolved with topical corticosteroids. CONCLUSION Rifabutin rarely causes uveitis as an ocular side effect. Early diagnosis and is important and reduction or discontinuance of the rifabutin as well as anti-inflammatory therapy need to be implemented when a patient develops this condition.
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Raja MS, Goldsmith C, Burton BJL. Intraocular inflammation with intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin). Br J Ophthalmol 2011; 94:525; author reply 525. [PMID: 20424217 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2009.166033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Bazewicz M, Fikri J, Martin CH, Libois A, Meunier A, Frippiat F, Caspers L, Willermain F. Drug-induced uveitis in aids patients: two case reports. BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE BELGE D'OPHTALMOLOGIE 2011:19-23. [PMID: 22003760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can develop severe uveitis. Although infectious and autoimmune causes must always be considered, drug induced uveitis is also an important etiology. Herein, we present two case reports illustrating the classical presentation of rifabutin and cidofovir induced uveitis. The first case was a 33 year old woman with AIDS treated with anti-protease and anti-tuberculosis drugs (including rifabutin). She presented with a red painful right eye. There was a strong anterior segment inflammation with fibrinous exudates and a dense vitritis. Rifabutin was stopped and topical steroids and mydriatics were given. Intraocular inflammation and symptoms rapidly resolved. The second patient was a 36 year old woman who presented with a painful decrease of vision in her left eye. She was followed for bilateral CMV retinitis in the setting of AIDS and had recently received 2 systemic injections of cidofovir. Anterior segment inflammation with posterior synechiae in both eyes and folds of Descemet membrane in the left eye were noted. Intraocular pressure was 0 mmHg in the left eye and 10 mmHg in the right eye. Fundus examination disclosed CMV retinitis scars in the right eye and choroidal folds in the macula of the left eye. Cidofovir was discontinued and topical steroids and mydriatics started. Progressively the inflammation decreased and the intraocular pressure returned to normal levels. In conclusion, rifabutin and cidofovir are classical examples of drug induced uveitis with distinct characteristic clinical presentation. Recognition of those entities in AIDS patients can avoid useless and potentially invasive interventions in those fragile people.
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Ishida S, Koto T, Nagai N, Oike Y. Calcium channel blocker nilvadipine, but not diltiazem, inhibits ocular inflammation in endotoxin-induced uveitis. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2010; 54:594-601. [PMID: 21191722 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-010-0862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Calcium channel blockers (CCBs), widely used for hypertensive patients, have recently been shown to inhibit atherosclerosis by their antioxidative action. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the CCBs nilvadipine and diltiazem reduce ocular inflammation in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). METHODS EIU was induced in male C57/B6 mice with a single intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The animals received intraperitoneal injections of either nilvadipine, diltiazem, or vehicle for 5 days before the LPS application. Twenty-four hours after EIU induction, adherent leukocytes to the retinal vasculature were counted with a concanavalin A lectin perfusion-labeling technique. The protein concentration in the aqueous humor was measured to assess blood-ocular barrier breakdown. Retinal levels of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. LPS-stimulated generation of superoxide in murine microvascular endothelial cells was examined with a nitroblue tetrazolium assay. RESULTS Compared to vehicle treatment, application of nilvadipine, but not diltiazem, led to significant suppression of EIU-associated retinal leukocyte adhesion, together with anterior-chamber protein leakage, retinal expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1, and LPS-induced superoxide generation in vitro. CONCLUSIONS The CCB nilvadipine exercises an inhibitory effect on the pathogenesis of ocular inflammation through the suppression of inflammation-related molecules.
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Yadav R, Bhowmick S, Gorecki P, O'Rourke J, Cone RE. Paradoxical effect of pertussis toxin on the delayed hypersensitivity response to autoantigens in mice. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11983. [PMID: 20700542 PMCID: PMC2916836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 06/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pertussis toxin (PTX), an exotoxin of Bordetella pertussis, enhances the development of experimental autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rodent models. The mechanisms of the promotion of experimental autoimmune diseases by PTX may be based upon PTX-induced disruption of the blood eye/brain barriers facilitating the infiltration of inflammatory cells, the modulation of inflammatory cell migration and the enhancement of the activation of inflammatory cells. We hypothesized that the facilitation of experimental autoimmunity by PTX suggests that its influence on the in vivo immune response to auto-antigen may differ from its influence on non-self antigens. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We have evaluated the effect of PTX on the simultaneous generation of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses and autoimmune responses to uveitogenic interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein peptide (IRBP161-180), encephalitogenic myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG35-55) or ovalbumin (OVA). PTX injection of mice immunized to IRBP peptide161-180 led to (i) the development of EAU as shown by histopathology of the retina, (ii) pro-inflammatory cytokine production by splenocytes in response to IRBP peptide161-180, and (iii) symptomatic EAE in mice immunized with encephalitogenic MOG peptide35-55. However, mice that received PTX had a reduced DTH response to IRBP161-180 peptide or MOG peptide35-55 when challenged distal to the site affected by autoreactive T cells. Moreover, footpad challenge with MOG35-55 peptide reduced EAE in mice immunized with MOG peptide. In contrast, the use of PTX when immunizing with OVA protein or an OVA immunogenic peptide did not affect the DTH response to OVA. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The results suggest that that the reduced DTH response in mice receiving PTX may be specific for autoantigens and autoantigen-reactive T cells are diverted away from ectopic sites that received the autoantigen and towards the tissue site of the autoantigen.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Autoantigens/immunology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Movement/immunology
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/chemically induced
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Eye Proteins/chemistry
- Female
- Humans
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed/immunology
- Lymphocytes/drug effects
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Lymphocytes/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Myelin Proteins
- Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein/chemistry
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
- Ovalbumin/immunology
- Peptide Fragments/chemistry
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Pertussis Toxin/pharmacology
- Retinol-Binding Proteins/chemistry
- Th1 Cells/drug effects
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
- Uveitis/chemically induced
- Uveitis/immunology
- Uveitis/metabolism
- Uveitis/pathology
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98
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Ishiguchi N, Ueno K, Yanagihara M, Kadono K, Oshika T. [Rifabutin-associated hypopyon uveitis in patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. NIPPON GANKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 2010; 114:683-686. [PMID: 20803988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rifabutin-associated uveitis has been recognized and established overseas, but there have been no reports of its occurance in Japan. We report a case of rifabutin-induced hypopyon uveitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). CASE A 45-year-old Filipino man with AIDS and pulmonary tuberculosis was on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART; lopinavir/ritonavir, zidovudine/lamivudine) and anti-tuberculosis therapy (isoniazid, rifabutin). At 11 weeks after starting rifabutin administration, unilateral acute uveitis with hypopyon developed, which progressed to bilateral uveitis by the following day. Funduscopic examination revealed no vitreo-retinal abnormalities. The uveitis resolved after discontinuation of the rifabutin and initiating topical corticosteroids and mydriatic therapy. No recurrence of the uveitis was noted during a 5-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION Rifabutin-associated uveitis with hypopyon should be considered as one possible causes of uveitis.
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Xie F, Sun D, Schering A, Nakao S, Zandi S, Liu P, Hafezi-Moghadam A. Novel molecular imaging approach for subclinical detection of iritis and evaluation of therapeutic success. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2010; 177:39-48. [PMID: 20581051 PMCID: PMC2893649 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for early diagnosis in medicine, whereupon effective treatments could prevent irreversible tissue damage. Acute anterior chamber inflammation is the most common form of uveitis and a major cause of vision loss. The proximity of the iris vasculature to the light-permeable cornea and its involvement in ocular inflammation make it an ideal target for noninvasive molecular imaging. To accomplish this, carboxylated fluorescent microspheres (MSs) were conjugated with recombinant P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 and systemically injected in endotoxin-induced uveitic animals. MS adhesion in the microcirculation of the anterior and posterior chamber was visualized by intravital microscopy and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. In iritic animals, significantly higher numbers of recombinant P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1-conjugated MSs adhered to the endothelium (P = 0.03) matching the increase in leukocyte adhesion. Conjugated MSs specifically interacted with firmly adhering leukocytes, allowing quantification of the endogenous immune response. Topical eye drop treatment with dexamethasone (P < 0.01) or cyclosporine A (P < 0.01) significantly lowered MS adhesion in iris vessels. Surprisingly, topical dexamethasone significantly reduced MS interaction in the fundus vessels (P < 0.01), while cyclosporine A did not. In vivo MS accumulation preceded clinical signs of anterior uveitis and leukocyte adhesion in iris vasculature. This work introduces noninvasive subclinical detection of endothelial injury in the iris vasculature, providing a unique opportunity for quantifying vascular injury and immune response in vivo.
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100
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Yao N, Lan F, He RR, Kurihara H. Protective effects of bilberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extract against endotoxin-induced uveitis in mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:4731-4736. [PMID: 20222750 DOI: 10.1021/jf904572a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU), a useful animal model of ocular inflammation, is induced by injection of lipopolysacharide (LPS). These experiments showed that the nitric oxide (NO) level significantly increased in the whole eye homogenate of BALB/C mice 24 h after footpad injection of LPS at a dosage of 100 mg/mouse. However, the elevated NO level was significantly reduced by oral administration of bilberry extract (containing 42.04% anthocyanins) at dosages of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day for 5 days before the LPS injection. In addition, bilberry extract decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) level and increased oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) level, glutathione (GSH) level, vitamin C level, and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. Moreover, bilberry extract increased expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and GPx mRNA. Taken together, bilberry extract showed protective effects against EIU, whereas the effects of bilberry extract (100 and 200 mg/kg/day, 5 days) were dose-dependent. In conclusion, these results provide new evidence to elucidate the beneficial effects of bilberry extract on eye health.
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