1101
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Lee SK, Lee JH, Han CH, Ahn YM, Choi YS, Kim IO. Calcified subcutaneous fat necrosis induced by prolonged exposure to cold weather: a case report. Pediatr Radiol 2001; 31:294-5. [PMID: 11321751 DOI: 10.1007/s002470000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a 22-day-old infant with extensive subcutaneous calcifications due to subcutaneous fat necrosis caused by prolonged exposure to cold.
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1102
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Lee JH, Engler JA, Collawn JF, Moore BA. Receptor mediated uptake of peptides that bind the human transferrin receptor. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2001; 268:2004-12. [PMID: 11277922 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02073.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A biopanning process designed to find peptide epitopes specific for cell surface receptors has been used in this study to select seven- and 12-amino-acid peptides capable of binding to and internalizing with the human transferrin receptor (hTfR). Through sequential rounds of negative and positive selection, two peptide sequences were identified that specifically bind to the hTfR. Phage containing the sequences HAIYPRH or THRPPMWSPVWP were inhibited from binding the hTfR in a dose-dependent fashion when peptides of the same sequence were present in a competition assay. Interestingly, transferrin did not compete with either of these sequences for receptor binding, suggesting that these peptides bind a site on the hTfR distinct from the transferrin binding site. When either of these sequences was expressed as a fusion to green fluorescent protein (GFP), the recombinant GFP molecule was internalized in cells expressing the hTfR. These studies suggest that the two peptides can be used to target other proteins into the endosomal pathway. Further, they provide a strategy for identifying peptides that bind to other cell surface receptors that can be used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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1103
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Kim KW, Jhoo JH, Lee KU, Lee DY, Lee JH, Youn JY, Lee BJ, Woo JI. No association between presenilin 1 (PS1) intronic polymorphism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease in Koreans. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2001; 107:1191-200. [PMID: 11129109 DOI: 10.1007/s007020070033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the possible involvement of an intronic polymorphism in the presenilin 1 (PS1) gene and its interactions with the aplolipoprotein E (APOE) or alpha-1 antichymotrypsin (ACT) polymorphisms in the manifestation of AD, we analyzed the PS1, APOE and ACT genotypes of 100 sporadic AD patients and 199 normal elderly controls in Koreans. The genotypic (chi2= 0.92, df = 2, P > 0.1) and allelic (chi2 = 0.01, df = 1, P > 0.1) frequencies of the PS1 polymorphism in the late- and early-onset sporadic AD patients did not differ from those in the controls. And the occurrence of the APOE epsilon4 allele and ACT A allele did not influence the distribution of the PS1 intronic polymorphism. The PS1 intronic polymorphism didn't influence the age-at-onset of AD (F = 0.02, df = 2, P > 0.1). In conclusion, the PS1 intronic polymorphism did not modify the risk for sporadic AD, neither independently nor synergistically with the APOE epsilon4 allele or ACT A allele, in Koreans.
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1104
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Yim HB, Jacobson BC, Saltzman JR, Johannes RS, Bounds BC, Lee JH, Shields SJ, Ruymann FW, Van Dam J, Carr-Locke DL. Clinical outcome of the use of enteral stents for palliation of patients with malignant upper GI obstruction. Gastrointest Endosc 2001; 53:329-32. [PMID: 11231392 DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5107(01)70407-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endoscopically placed enteral stent has emerged as a reasonable alternative to palliative surgery for malignant intestinal obstruction. This is a report of our experience with the use of enteral stents for nonesophageal malignant upper GI obstruction. METHODS Data on all patients who had undergone enteral stent placement were reviewed. Those with a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer were compared with another similar cohort of patients who underwent palliative gastrojejunostomy. RESULTS Thirty-one procedures were performed on 29 patients (mean age 67.7 years). Thirteen (45%) were men and 16 (55%) women. The diagnoses were gastric (13.8%), duodenal (10.3%), pancreatic (41.4%), metastatic (27.6%), and other malignancies (6.9%). Malignant obstruction occurred at the pylorus (20.7%), first part of duodenum (37.9%), second part of duodenum (27.6%), third part of duodenum (3.5%), and anastomotic sites (10.3%). Twenty-nine (93.5%) procedures were successful and good clinical outcome was achieved in 25 (80.6%). Re-obstruction by tumor ingrowth occurred in 2 patients after a mean of 183 days. The median survival time for patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent enteral stent placement compared with those who underwent surgical gastrojejunostomy was 94 and 92 days, charges were $9921 and $28,173, and duration of hospitalization was 4 and 14 days, respectively (latter 2 differences with p value < 0.005). CONCLUSION Endoscopic enteral stent placement of nonesophageal malignant upper GI obstruction is a safe, efficacious, and cost-effective procedure with good clinical outcome, lower charges, and shorter hospitalization period than the surgical alternative.
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1105
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Chang SG, Lee SJ, Huh JS, Lee JH. Changes in mucosal immune cells of bladder tumor patient after BCG intravesical immunotherapy. Oncol Rep 2001; 8:257-61. [PMID: 11182036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is considered to be at least as effective, and perhaps superior to chemotherapy in the prophylaxis of recurrent superficial tumors. However, the mechanism of the antitumor effect of BCG is still not exactly known. We have conducted investigations to examine changes in bladder mucosal immune cells in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma treated with a first cycle of BCG. The study group included 15 BCG and 5 doxorubicin instillation patients, most in the intermediate or high risk group for recurrent tumor. Grossly normal bladder mucosal cold cup biopsies were performed at initial TUR and one week after six consecutive weekly instillations of BCG or doxorubicin. All specimens underwent immunohistochemical staining, both pre-treatment and post-treatment, including CD20, CD45RO, CD8, CD4 and CD57. Immunoreactive cell counts were evaluated from three different microscopic fields (x400) under the grid. The mean duration of follow-up was 52.8 months. The post-treatment bladder mucosal B-cells (CD20) and T-cells (CD45RO, CD4, CD8) were significantly increased compared to pre-treatment in patients treated with BCG instillation, but NK-cells (CD57) were not changed. However, there was no change in B-cells or T-cells in patient treated with doxorubicin. The CD20 cells in pre-treatment specimens did not correlate with any other cells. However, it was a statistically significant correlation with CD45RO in post-treatment specimens. The CD4 correlated with CD45RO and CD8 in pre-treatment, but it was correlated with CD45RO and CD57 in post-treatment specimens. There was no tumor recurrence in cases with significantly increased B-cells after BCG instillation. The results of these studies suggest that intravesical BCG immunotherapy for superficial bladder tumor induces a significant increase in T-cells as well as B-cells and that B-cells have a preventive effect on tumor recurrence. Further studies with a larger number of patients are needed to confirm the value of the B-cell increment after BCG instillation as a clinically independent prognostic factor.
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1106
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Pestka JJ, Ha CL, Warner RW, Lee JH, Ustunol Z. Effects of ingestion of yogurts containing Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus acidophilus on spleen and Peyer's patch lymphocyte populations in the mouse. J Food Prot 2001; 64:392-5. [PMID: 11252486 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-64.3.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Certain probiotic lactic acid bacteria have been reported to improve immune system function. Here, the effects of ingesting yogurts on lymphocyte populations in the spleens and Peyer's patches were determined in mice. Three probiotic-supplemented yogurts containing Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus acidophilus and one conventional yogurt containing only S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus were prepared from commercial starter cultures and used in the study. B6C3F1 female mice were fed the four different types of yogurts mixed with an AIN-93G diet in a 50:50 (wt/wt) ratio. Nonfat dry milk mixed at a 50:50 (wt/wt) ratio with AIN-93G diet was used as the control. After a 14-day feeding period, spleen and Peyer's patches were removed and lymphocytes subjected to phenotype analysis by flow cytometry. Ingestion of the four yogurts had no effect on percentages of CD8+ (cytotoxic T cells), B220+ (B cells), IgA+, or IgM+ cells in spleen or Peyer's patches. The percentage of CD4+ (T helper) cells was significantly increased in the spleens from one group of mice fed a yogurt containing Bifidobacterium and L. acidophilus, and a similar trend was found in the remaining two probiotic-supplemented yogurts. Effects on CD4+ populations were not observed in spleens of mice fed conventional yogurt or in the Peyer's patches of any of the four yogurt groups. In total, the results suggested that ingestion of conventional or probiotic-supplemented yogurts for 2 weeks had very little effect on lymphocyte distribution in the systemic or mucosal immune compartments.
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1107
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Rosenthal DI, Lee JH, Sinard R, Yardley DA, Machtay M, Rosen DM, Egorin MJ, Weber RS, Weinstein GS, Chalian AA, Miller LK, Frenkel EP, Carbone DP. Phase I study of paclitaxel given by seven-week continuous infusion concurrent with radiation therapy for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19:1363-73. [PMID: 11230480 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2001.19.5.1363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Paclitaxel is one of the most active agents for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) and an in vitro radiosensitizer. The dose-response relationship for paclitaxel may depend more on exposure duration than on peak concentration. This National Cancer Institute-sponsored phase I trial was designed to determine the feasibility of combining continuous-infusion (CI) paclitaxel with concurrent radiation therapy (RT). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with previously untreated stage IVA/B SCCHN were eligible. Primary end points were determination of the maximum-tolerated dose, dose-limiting toxicity, and pharmacokinetics for paclitaxel given by CI (24 hours a day, 7 days a week for 7 weeks) during RT (70 Gy/7 weeks). RESULTS Twenty-seven patients were enrolled and assessable for toxicity. Nineteen of the patients who completed > or = 70 Gy were assessable for response. Grade 3 skin and mucosal acute reactions occurred at 10.5 mg/m(2)/d, but uninterrupted treatment was possible in five of six patients. At 17 mg/m(2)/d, skin toxicity required a 2-week treatment break for all three patients. The mean paclitaxel serum concentration at dose levels > or = 6.5 mg/m(2)/d exceeded that reported to achieve in vitro radiosensitization. Initial locoregional control was achieved in 14 (58%) of 24 of patients treated to 70 Gy, and control persisted in nine (38%). CONCLUSION CI paclitaxel with concurrent RT is a feasible and tolerable regimen for patients with advanced SCCHN and good performance status. Preliminary response and survival data are encouraging and suggest that further study is indicated. The recommended phase II dose of paclitaxel by CI is 10.5 mg/m(2)/d with RT for SCCHN.
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1108
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Koo TH, Lee JH, Park YJ, Hong YS, Kim HS, Kim KW, Lee JJ. A sesquiterpene lactone, costunolide, from Magnolia grandiflora inhibits NF-kappa B by targeting I kappa B phosphorylation. PLANTA MEDICA 2001; 67:103-107. [PMID: 11301852 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-11503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A sesquiterpene lactone, costunolide (CTN), was identified from Magnolia grandiflora together with parthenolide (PTN) by its strong inhibition of LPS-induced NF-kappa B activation. CTN, which showed more potent inhibition than PTN in the NF-kappa B activation, strongly suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses demonstrated that CTN suppressed the expression of iNOS mRNA and protein in a dose-dependent manner. CTN also significantly inhibited LPS-induced DNA-binding activity of NF-kappa B as well as the LPS-induced degradation of I kappa B-alpha and -beta. Furthermore, CTN inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha. These findings support that CTN inhibits NO production by down-regulating iNOS expression, at least, in part through the inhibition of I kappa Bs' phosphorylation and degradation, which are essential for the activation of NF-kappa B.
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1109
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Lee YH, Kim YR, Ji JD, Shim JJ, Kang KH, Lee JH, Kim HK, Song GG. A case of BOOP developed during bucillamine treatment for rheumatoid. Korean J Intern Med 2001; 16:36-9. [PMID: 11417303 PMCID: PMC4531705 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2001.16.1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a patient with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) who developed bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia(BOOP) during the treatment of bucillamine. A 51 year-old man was admitted to the hospital for an abnormal shadow on his chest radiograph. He had been diagnosed as having RA 3 years previously and had been receiving 200 mg of bucillamine for 21 months. Two months prior to admission, he presented with a cough and his chest X-ray showed opacities in both lower lungs. He was treated with antibiotics for 2 months after the development of cough and lesions on the chest X-ray, but the symptoms and lung lesions became more aggravated. On admission, an HRCT revealed airspace consolidations in the subpleural space of both basal lungs and a CT-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy showed Masson's body filling air space, interstitial infiltration of acute and chronic inflammatory cells and type II cell hyperplasia, consistent with BOOP. Bucillamine was stopped and 50 mg of prednisolone was administered. His symptoms and infiltrations on the chest X-ray resolved. We suggest that bucillamine should be considered as a drug possibly associated with BOOP.
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1110
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Koh JS, Chung JH, Lee SY, Lee JH. Chondrosarcoma of the proximal femur with myxoid degeneration mistaken for chondromyxoid fibroma in a young adult. A case report. Acta Cytol 2001; 45:254-8. [PMID: 11284314 DOI: 10.1159/000327285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is effective in the diagnosis of bone tumors when combined with careful radiologic and clinical evaluation. However, cases where clinical or radiologic findings are atypical or unusual may lead to an erroneous diagnosis. CASE A 19-year-old male presented with a pain in the left hip area that had been slowly progressive over a 10-month period. Clinical and radiologic findings suggested either giant cell tumor or chondroblastoma. The smeared aspiration specimen showed loosely cohesive, oval to round cells with moderate amounts of pale pink cytoplasm admixed with pinkish-blue, chondromyxoid material. The individual cells contained a single nucleus with evenly distributed, fine chromatin. A few osteoclastic giant cells were scattered in the smears. A cytologic diagnosis of myxoid lesion with a few giant cells, suspicious for chondromyxoid fibroma, was made. The diagnosis of chondrosarcoma was made by subsequent histologic examination. CONCLUSION Absence of the usual clinicoradiologic features of chondrosarcoma combined with an unusual cytologic presentation in this case led to a misdiagnosis. In most centers, FNAC has achieved undisputed status as a diagnostic tool, and cytologic diagnosis often forms the basis of the therapeutic protocol. However, at some sites FNAC diagnosis is more problematic. Awareness of the limitations and pitfalls of FNAC is just as important as knowledge of the scope of FNAC in bone tumors. Tumors with chondromyxoid features provide particular difficulties.
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1111
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Hong JH, Oh SO, Lee M, Kim YR, Kim DU, Hur GM, Lee JH, Lim K, Hwang BD, Park SK. Enhancement of lysophosphatidic acid-induced ERK phosphorylation by phospholipase D1 via the formation of phosphatidic acid. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 281:1337-42. [PMID: 11243883 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We made stable cell lines overexpressing PLD1 (GP-PLD1) from GP+envAm12 cell, a derivative of NIH 3T3 cell. PLD1 activity and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation were enhanced in GP-PLD1 cells by the treatment of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). In contrast, these LPA-induced effects were attenuated with the pretreatment of pertussis toxin (PTX) or protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. Moreover, accumulation of phosphatidic acid (PA), a product of PLD action, potentiated the LPA-induced ERK activation in GP-PLD1 cells while blocking of PA production with the treatment of 1-butanol attenuated LPA-induced ERK phosphorylation. From these results, we suggest that LPA activate PLD1 through pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein and PKC-dependent pathways, then PA produced from PLD1 activation facilitate ERK phosphorylation.
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1112
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Lee MY, Chung JH, Shin JH, Hwang TJ, Kim KS, Lee JH, Nam JH, Lee MC, Park CS, Juhng SW, Choi C. Lymphonodular cryptococcosis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology in hyper-IgM syndrome. A case report. Acta Cytol 2001; 45:241-4. [PMID: 11284311 DOI: 10.1159/000327282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most cases of cryptococcosis are diagnosed when signs of meningitis have appeared. We report a case of lymphonodular cryptococcosis that was diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), excisional biopsy of a cervical lymph node and culture of aspirated material. CASE An 11-year-old boy presented with a history of fever and enlarged bilateral cervical lymph nodes of two weeks' duration. Past medical history included immunoglobulin replacement for hyper-IgM syndrome for the previous eight years. FNAC smears from a cervical lymph node showed numerous yeasts of various sizes, ranging from 5 to 15 microns in diameter, located in the cytoplasm of multinucleated giant cells and in the background. In air-dried, Diff-Quik-stained slides, the yeasts stained blue and were surrounded by clear halos. Aspirated material collected in the syringe was cultured, and Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated. CONCLUSION This case report suggests that a combination of FNAC and culture is a simple and useful method of diagnosing fungal infections. Early diagnosis by FNAC makes possible the early initiation of treatment.
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1113
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Bahng H, Lee JH, Ahn JH, Lee JH, Lee JS, Kim SH, Kim WK, Lee KH. Combination chemotherapy utilizing continuous infusion of intermediate-dose cytarabine for refractory or recurrent acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2001; 25:213-6. [PMID: 11226516 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(00)00135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Between October 1991 and December 1998, 19 patients (12 males and 7 females) with refractory (six patients) or recurrent (13 patients) AML were treated with a combination chemotherapy of cytarabine given by continuous infusion over 24-h at a rate of 1 upward arrow g/m2 per day for 5 days along with idarubicin (12 upward arrow mg/m2 per day x 3) and etoposide (150 mg /m(2) per day x 3). Median age of the patients was 28 years (range, 15--61). Seven (37%) of 19 patients achieved complete remission (CR) with median CR duration of 6.7 months (range, 2.5--61.4+). Two patients are surviving for long term (50.1 and 62.6 months). Myelosuppression associated with chemotherapy was severe. Median recovery time to ANC over 500/microl was 28 days (range, 25--59). A significant proportion of patients experienced grade III-VI non-hematologic toxicities including nausea/vomiting (32%), liver function abnormality (32%), and diarrhea (16%). No central nervous system (CNS) toxicity was observed. Our study showed that the administration of cytarabine at a dose of 1 g/m(2) per day by continuous intravenous infusion for 5 days along with idarubicin and etoposide was feasible. Further studies are necessary to elucidate optimum dose and schedule of cytarabine in a setting of refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
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1114
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Myoung H, Hong SP, Hong SD, Lee JI, Lim CY, Choung PH, Lee JH, Choi JY, Seo BM, Kim MJ. Odontogenic keratocyst: Review of 256 cases for recurrence and clinicopathologic parameters. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 2001; 91:328-33. [PMID: 11250631 DOI: 10.1067/moe.2001.113109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is of particular interest because of its high recurrence rate and aggressive behavior. Two hundred fifty-six cases of OKC were reviewed for the age of the patient at diagnosis, sex of the patient, OKC location, and radiographic findings, and 132 patients with OKC were observed to estimate recurrence, which was analyzed for age, sex, location, and several histopathologic findings. OKCs occurred more frequently in men (58.6%) than in women (41.4%), and they occurred in patients within a wide age range, most commonly in patients in the third decade of life (28.9%), followed by those in the second decade (25.0%); the mean age of patients with OKC was 30.8 years. One hundred ninety-six of the 256 cases (76.5%) occurred in the mandible, and the other 60 cases (23.5%) occurred in the maxilla. The mandibular molar and the premolar areas (51.2%) were the most common sites, and the most frequent clinical manifestations at first admission were swelling, pain, or both (82.4% of total cases). Radiographic impressions included dentigerous cyst (27.3%), OKC (25.4%), primordial cyst (14.8%), ameloblastoma (11.7%), residual cyst (9.8%), and radicular cyst (3.1%). The frequency of recurrence at the follow-up examination was 58.3%. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate on the basis of the sex of the patient. However, OKCs had a significantly higher recurrence rate in patients in the fifth decade of life than in patients in the other age groups (P = .005).Recurrence rates were significantly dependent on the sites of involvement, and OKCs in the mandibular molar region had significantly higher recurrence rates than those in other sites (P = .001). The histopathologic presence of one or more daughter cysts was significantly related to recurrence (P = .03).
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1115
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Bae SB, Lee KK, Kim JS, Lee JH, Lee NS, Lee GT, Park SK, Won JH, Baick SH, Hong DS, Lee DW, Park HS. A case of malignant proliferating trichilemmoma of the scalp with multiple metastases. Korean J Intern Med 2001; 16:40-3. [PMID: 11417304 PMCID: PMC4531700 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2001.16.1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor showing multiple distant metastases. The patient demonstrated a round mass in the right occipital area for 12 months and the lesion grew rapidly to assume 8 x 6.5 x 4 cm in diameter, with areas of superficial erosion and crusting within the recent 3 months. The entire lesion was removed with a wide surgical excision. It recurred on the neck area 4 months after excision and the lesion was removed with surgical resection again. There was evidence of multiple metastases on CNS and mediastinal lymph nodes after 6 months. The patient was treated with cisplatin and etoposide combination chemotherapy and a partial response was achieved.
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1116
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Park J, Park K, Kim S, Lee JH. Msx1 gene overexpression induces G1 phase cell arrest in human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 281:1234-40. [PMID: 11243867 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggested an involvement of homeobox genes in tumorigenesis. Here we investigated whether one of homeobox-containing genes, Msx1, might be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and cell cycle using Msx1 overexpressing human ovarian cancer cell line, OVCAR3. Overexpression of Msx1 in OVCAR3 cells inhibited cell proliferation by markedly increasing the length of the G1 phase of the cell cycle over control cells. Consistent with this result, dramatic suppression of cyclins D1, D3, E, cyclin-dependent kinase 4, c-Jun, and Rb was observed. Elevated expression of genes involved in the growth arrest and apoptosis (GADD153 and apoptotic cystein protease MCH4) and suppression of proliferation associated protein gene (PAG) in Msx1-overexpressing cells by cDNA expression array analysis provide further evidence for a potential repressor function of Msx1 in cell cycle progression.
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1117
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Lee SH, Shin MS, Lee HS, Bae JH, Lee HK, Kim HS, Kim SY, Jang JJ, Joo M, Kang YK, Park WS, Park JY, Oh RR, Han SY, Lee JH, Kim SH, Lee JY, Yoo NJ. Expression of Fas and Fas-related molecules in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2001; 32:250-6. [PMID: 11274632 DOI: 10.1053/hupa.2001.22769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Many tumor cells, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), express both Fas and its ligand on their surfaces, and it has remained a mystery why such cells do not spontaneously become apoptotic. In the current study, we analyzed the alterations of Fas structure and the expression of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) and of Fas pathway inhibitors, including soluble Fas (sFas), Fas-associated phosphatase-1 (FAP-1), and bcl-2, in 50 cases of human HCC. Monoallelic loss of the Fas gene, as determined by loss of heterozygosity with intragenic polymorphisms, was observed in 5 of the 34 informative cases (15%), but none of the 50 cases showed Fas gene mutation. Expression of Fas and FasL was detected in 44 (88%) and 50 (100%) cases, respectively. sFas messenger RNA, as analyzed by in situ reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was expressed in 42 of the 50 cases (84%), and FAP-1 expression was observed in 40 of the 50 cases (80%). In contrast, none of the 50 cases showed bcl-2 expression. Our results showed that the majority of the HCCs (88%) coexpressed a death receptor, Fas and its cognate ligand, FasL, but all HCCs showed one or more alterations of the Fas pathway molecules known to inhibit Fas-mediated apoptosis. These findings suggest that the expression of sFas and FAP-1 and, in part, loss of Fas expression, rather than Fas gene alteration or bcl-2 expression, may be involved in the Fas resistance of HCC in vivo and that these mechanisms may play important roles in the pathogenesis of human HCC. HUM PATHOL 32:250-256.
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1118
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Lee JH, Kwon YB, Han HJ, Mar WC, Lee HJ, Yang IS, Beitz AJ, Kang SK. Bee venom pretreatment has both an antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced inflammation. J Vet Med Sci 2001; 63:251-9. [PMID: 11307924 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.63.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the injection of bee venom (BV) has been reported to evoke tonic pain and hyperalgesia, there is conflicting evidence in the literature indicating that BV can also exert an anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects on inflammation. In this regard, BV has been traditionally used in Oriental medicine to relieve pain and to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that BV induces acute nociception under normal conditions, but that it can serve as a potent anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive agent in a localized inflammatory state. The experiments were designed to evaluate the effect of BV pretreatment on carrageenan (CR)-induced acute paw edema and thermal hyperalgesia. In addition, spinal cord Fos expression induced by peripheral inflammation was quantitatively analyzed. In normal animals subcutaneous BV injection into the hindlimb was found to slightly increase Fos expression in the spinal cord without producing detectable nociceptive behaviors or hyperalgesia. In contrast pretreatment with BV (0.8 mg/kg) 30 min prior to CR injection suppressed both the paw edema and thermal hyperalgesia evoked by CR. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the percent change in paw volume and the expression of Fos positive neurons in the spinal cord. These results indicate that BV pretreatment has both antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in CR-induced inflammatory pain. These data also suggest that BV administration may be useful in the treatment of the pain and edema associated with chronic inflammatory diseases.
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1119
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Thomas MK, Lee JH, Rastalsky N, Habener JF. Hedgehog signaling regulation of homeodomain protein islet duodenum homeobox-1 expression in pancreatic beta-cells. Endocrinology 2001; 142:1033-40. [PMID: 11181516 DOI: 10.1210/endo.142.3.8007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin gene expression in pancreatic beta-cells is regulated by signals from developmental morphogen proteins known as hedgehogs (Hhs). By analyzing 5'-deletion insulin promoter-reporter constructs in transient transfections of clonal INS-1 beta-cells, we located activating Hh-responsive regions within the rat insulin I promoter that include the glucose-response elements Far (E2) and Flat (A2/A3). Activation of Hh signaling in INS-1 cells by ectopic Hh expression increased (and inhibition of Hh signaling with the Hh-specific inhibitor cyclopamine decreased) transcriptional activation of a multimerized FarFlat enhancer-reporter construct. In DNA-binding studies, nuclear extracts from INS-1 cells activated by ectopic Hh expression increased (and extracts from INS-1 cells treated with cyclopamine decreased) protein binding to a radiolabeled FarFlat oligonucleotide probe. An antiserum directed against the transcription factor islet duodenum homeobox-1 (IDX-1), a regulator of pancreas development and activator of the insulin gene promoter, attenuated the binding activity of Hh-responsive protein complexes. Nuclear IDX-1 protein levels on Western blots were increased by ectopic Hh expression, thereby providing a mechanism for Hh-mediated regulation of the insulin promoter. Addition of cyclopamine to INS-1 cells decreased IDX-1 messenger RNA expression. In transient transfections of a -4.5-kb mouse IDX-1 promoter-reporter construct, ectopic Hh expression increased (and cyclopamine administration decreased) transcriptional activation of the IDX-1 promoter in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, the IDX-1 gene is a direct regulatory target of Hh signaling in insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells. We propose that Hh signaling activates the insulin gene promoter indirectly via the direct activation of IDX-1 expression. Because IDX-1 gene expression is essential for insulin gene expression, pancreatic beta-cell development, and normal glucose homeostasis, our findings that Hh signaling regulates IDX-1 expression in the endocrine pancreas suggest possible novel therapeutic approaches for diabetes mellitus.
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1120
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Park HJ, Kwon SH, Lee JH, Lee KH, Miyamoto K, Lee KT. Kalopanaxsaponin A is a basic saponin structure for the anti-tumor activity of hederagenin monodesmosides. PLANTA MEDICA 2001; 67:118-21. [PMID: 11301855 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-11516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hederagenin, delta-hederin [hederagenin alpha-L-arabinoside], kalopanax-saponin A [hederagenin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L- arabinoside], kalopanaxsaponin I [hederagenin 3-O-beta-D-xylosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L- rhamnosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinoside], and sapindoside C [hederagenin 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-xylsyl (1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinoside] were isolated from stem bark of Kalopanax pictus Nakai (Araliaceae). Among glycosides of hederagenin, disaccharide (kalopanaxsaponin A, commonly also called alpha-hederin), trisaccharide (kalopanaxsaponin I), and tetrasaccharide (sapindoside C) showed significant cytotoxicity on several types of tumor cells, while hederagenin itself exhibited only weak cytotoxicity and its monosaccharide (delta-hederin) was non-cytotoxic. From these results, it suggests that the arabinosyl moiety at C-3 blocks the activity of hederagenin and the position of the second sugar for glycoside linkage is also important for cytotoxicity. In the in vivo experiments, kalopanaxsaponin A (15 mg/kg, i.p.) apparently increased the life span of mice bearing Colon 26 and 3LL Lewis lung carcinoma, as well as cisplatin (3 mg/kg, i.p.). These results indicated that kalopanaxsaponin A has potential anti-tumor applications.
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1121
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Price RA, Lee JH. Risk ratios for obesity in families of obese African-American and Caucasian women. Hum Hered 2001; 51:35-40. [PMID: 11096269 DOI: 10.1159/000022957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined age- and sex-standardized risk ratios (SRRs) in matched samples of 1,185 families of obese African-American and Caucasian women. Familial risk ratios increased with body mass index (BMI) of proband and BMI thresholds of relative. Ratios were higher in Caucasian than African-American families, apparently because Caucasian probands were more extreme relative to their population mean. Risk ratios for moderate obesity (BMI >/= 30) were around 2 for African-Americans and were a little higher in Caucasians. Ratios for extreme obesity (BMI >/= 40) ranged from 3 to 5 in African-Americans and from about 5 to 9 in Caucasians. Thin relatives were rare in families of both races. Risk ratios appear high enough in both racial groups to facilitate the identification of quantitative trait loci underlying common obesity phenotypes. The high population prevalence of obesity in African-American women will require particularly high selection thresholds to achieve risk ratios comparable to those for Caucasians. The scarcity of thin siblings in both groups will greatly increase the effort required in sample recruitment for discordant pair designs.
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1122
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Lee JH, Lee JM, Lim KH, Kim JK, Ahn SK, Bang YJ, Hong CI. Preclinical and phase I clinical studies with Ckd-602, a novel camptothecin derivative. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 922:324-5. [PMID: 11193913 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb07055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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1123
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Lee JH, Seo JM, Kim M, Kim JC. Cloning of cDNA for a novel fibrinogen/angiopoietin-related protein, FARP. Mol Cells 2001; 11:100-4. [PMID: 11266110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Using a low abundant gene screening strategy in the human dermal papilla cell cDNA library, we isolated a novel cDNA, which was 1,872 bp of nucleotides in length and contained an open reading frame encoding 405 amino acids. We designated it 'fibrinogen/angiopoietin-related protein' (FARP) as it contained the characteristic coiled-coil domain and fibrinogen-like domain in the NH2- and COOH-terminal, which are conserved in angiopoietins. FARP has a highly hydrophobic region at the N-terminus that is typical of a secretory signal sequence. Recently, a very similar gene, HFARP, was cloned and they have a difference of only 18 amino acids in N-terminus. While HFARP was expressed only in the liver, northern blot analysis showed that FARP mRNA is abundantly expressed in the liver, placenta, prostate, and ovary in human adult tissues. It was also expressed in the fetal liver and lung carcinoma cell line. Further study will be needed to clarify the function of the FARP gene.
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1124
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Chung JG, Chen GW, Hung CF, Lee JH, Ho CC, Ho HC, Chang HL, Lin WC, Lin JG. Effects of berberine on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity and 2-aminofluorene-DNA adduct formation in human leukemia cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2001; 28:227-38. [PMID: 10999441 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x00000271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Berberine is an alkaloid occurring in the plant genera Berberis and Coptis. Although berberine had been demonstrated to have antineoplastic function by inhibiting DNA-synthesis in activated lymphocytes, there is no available information to address berberine affects on human leukemia cell N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and 2-aminofluorene (AF)-DNA adduct formation. Thus, berberine was tested for inhibition of arylamine NAT activity and AF-DNA adduct formation in human leukemia cells. The NAT activity was measured by a high performance liquid chromatography assaying for the amounts of N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene (AAF) and N-acetyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (N-Ac-PABA) and the remaining AF and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). The NAT activity and AF-DNA adduct formation in human leukemia cells were inhibited by berberine in a dose-dependent manner, i.e. the higher the concentration of berberine, the higher the inhibition of NAT activity and AF-DNA adduct. The data also indicate that berberine decreased the apparent values of Km and Vmax from human leukemia cells in both cytosol and intact cells.
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1125
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Han HJ, Lee JH, Park SH, Choi HJ, Yang IS, Mar WC, Kang SK, Lee HJ. Effect of bee venom and its melittin on apical transporters of renal proximal tubule cells. Kidney Blood Press Res 2001; 23:393-9. [PMID: 11070419 DOI: 10.1159/000025988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal failure by bee venom may be related to a malfunction of renal transporters. However, the effects of bee venom on apical membrane transporters of renal proximal tubular cells are not yet known. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dried bee venom of Apis mellifera and its melittin on apical transporter activity of primary cultured rabbit kidney proximal tubule cells. Bee venom (1 microg/ml) decreased the cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase activity over 30-min treatments. Its effect was blocked by mepacrine or AACOCF(3) (10(-6) M; phospholipase A(2) inhibitors). However, there was no effect on cell viability at a concentration of 0.01 microg/ml of bee venom. Thus, we investigated the effect of bee venom (1 microg/ml) on the activity of renal transporters at 30 min. Bee venom inhibited alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside, Pi, and Na(+) uptakes, but increased Ca(2+) uptake. These effects of bee venom were blocked by mepacrine or AACOCF(3) (10(-6) M), and bee venom-induced stimulation of Ca(2+) uptake was also blocked by methoxyverapamil and nifedipine (L-type calcium channel blockers). In addition, bee venom increased [(3)H]-arachidonic acid release by 216 % of that of control. In all experiments, bee venom melittin (0.5 microg/ml) had an identical effect to that of bee venom itself. In conclusion, bee venom inhibited, in part, alpha-MG, Pi, and Na(+) uptakes through its melittin which increased Ca(2+) uptake and arachidonic acid release in primary cultured rabbit renal proximal tubule cells.
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